Unit 6 Nurturing Nature(基础练）--2024-2025学年高二英语40分钟限时训练（外研版2019选择性必修第一册）

Unit6 Nurturing Nature (基础练) —2024-2025学年高二英语40分钟限时训练 （外研版2019选择性必修第一册） 一、单句语法填空 1．Recently, I (eat)healthy food as opposed to junk food. （所给词的适当形式填空） 2．I (wait) for my girl friend for half an hour, but she has not shown up yet. (所给词的适当形式填空) 3．I (use) the computer since I was a kid.（用所给词的适当形式填空） 4．It is estimated that about 15% of the (apply) had been offered positions last year. (所给词的适当形式填空) 5．In the meeting Mrs Ashrawi raised the three main (concern) that the Palestinians had. (所给词的适当形式填空) 6．They (investigate) the murder for three weeks, and have already found some valuable clues. (所给词的适当形式填空) 7．Since the time humankind started gardening, we (try) to make our environment more beautiful. (所给词的适当形式填空) 8．Some said they can match hanfu from different dynasties together, or with modern clothing, according to their own (prefer). （所给词的适当形式填空） 9．He (work) in that company since he left school five years ago. (所给词的适当形式填空) 10．Tony worked (steady) on the improvements.(所给词的适当形式填空) 二、完成句子 1．They （已在这一地区搜寻）for three days and two nights, but haven’t found anybody. （根据汉语提示完成句子） 2．Come round for lunch and read them （你空闲时）. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 3． （就我个人而言）, you can do what you like. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 4．Companies (一直在测试) their vehicles in cities across the country. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 5．The reason why the students (支持) the first one is as follows. 6．He made a number of appearances on television to argue (支持) its defence. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 7．I (一直想) to go to California ever since I was a kid.(根据汉语提示完成句子) 8．The town lacks （休闲设施）such as a swimming pool or squash courts. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 9．There’s something I have to speak to you about—it’s （一件需要谨慎处理的事情）. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 10．We can (在网络上刊登广告). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 三、阅读理解 A(24-25高二河南阶段练习) In 2020 sailors off the Iberian Peninsula began reporting that orcas (虎鲸) were “attacking” their boats. The five - ton heavy fish, capable of swimming at 48km/h— faster than most ships and boats— were approaching, investigating, and throwing itself towards the boats, frightening those on board. Since then, over 670 interactions like this have been recorded, all by a group of about 15 orcas. About a fifth resulted in severe damage, scores of boats were disabled and six boats sunk. A group of experts rapidly gathered and in May they gave their conclusion. The orcas aren’t attacking. Instead, according to the experts, the whales may be bored and playing with the boats. Our boats may just be part of a “craze” in their culture. Dr Patrick R Hof has handled hundreds of whales’ brains. “A human brain is about1.3kg, while an orca brain,” says Hof, “is about 5kg.” A real big one. When Hof and colleagues examined whales’ brains using a Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scanner (磁共振成像扫描器), they found that they were “highly unusual... organised in a pattern basically different from that seen in the brains of humans.” Part of the reason for that difference is because toothed whales have so many unique brain functions, from sleeping with half of their brain awake in order to avoid drowning (溺水), to finding directions and mapping their world. From a biological viewpoint, Hof thinks orca brains look capable of behaviour such as learning to play with boats. The scientific agreement is that we shouldn’t call the interactions “attacks”. Online news reports and videos have already appeared of sailors firing guns at orcas. One group of experts issued a letter urging the media to avoid projecting stories onto the animals, as how we decipher them has a big effect on their lives— it could save them or it could drive them to extinction faster. “We should keep cool heads” and “not punish wildlife for being wild”, they wrote. Whatever happens, perhaps we can’t ever hope to fully understand orca behaviour, because their world is water, changing, adaptable. We’re observing a society in development. 1．How does the author introduce the topic of the passage? A．By contrasting distinct species. B．By defining characteristics of orcas. C．By illustrating the seriousness of boats. D．By presenting the case of orcas “attack”. 2．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A．The extraordinarily heavy brains of whales. B．The technique used in examining whales’ brains. C．The scientific explanation for orcas “attack”. D．The biological analysis of orca’s living patterns. 3．What does the underlined word “decipher” in paragraph 4mean? A．Protect. B．Strike. C．Uplift. D．Understand. 4．What is the purpose of the passage? A．To draw the public’s attention to orcas. B．To warn sailors of keeping away from orcas. C．To appeal to the public to treat orca s properly. D．To clarify a misunderstanding about“craze” culture. B（24-25高二河北保定阶段练习） Every week at the Maui airport, a small plane gets loaded with 250, 000 passengers. They’re male mosquitoes, key players in a strategy that could be the last, best hope for Hawaii’s endangered birds. There were once more than 50 species of Hawaiian honeycreepers, a kind of small bird. Now, only 17 species are left, with some expected to go extinct in the wild as soon as this year. Hawaiian honeycreepers are disappearing because of avian malaria (禽疟疾病) , spread by mosquitoes that were introduced to Hawaii by accident in the 1800s. With no immunity (免疫力) , native birds often die after a single mosquito bite. Still, small pockets of birds have survived because the mosquito attack has been blocked by an invisible line. Above 4, 000 to 5, 000 feet in elevation (海拔) , temperatures are too cold for mosquitoes, so the birds there have remained safe. But as temperatures rise with climate change, the mosquitoes are advancing into the birds’ last remaining shelter. As a last effort to save the birds, researchers are borrowing a strategy from public health departments. Where mosquitoes spread human diseases, improved mosquitoes that are unable to reproduce successfully are often released, helping to limit the overall mosquito population. Now, this strategy is being used for wildlife protection. So far, millions of male mosquitoes have been delivered by the small plane in high-elevation forests on Maui. Hawaiian honeycreepers are found nowhere else on Earth and make up an important part of the ecosystem. Experts say it’s difficult to fully understand how biodiversity loss will affect an entire ecosystem. The disappearance of honeycreepers would also mean the loss of species found nowhere else. Our world would just become less colorful, less diverse as we continue to let species go extinct. Finally, the hope is that Hawaiian honeycreepers will develop immunity to avian malaria, as birds in other places have done. And there’s already been a sign it could be possible. Recently, one bird that was thought to be dead reappeared, far from where it was released, having survived malaria. 5．What is the primary threat to Hawaiian honeycreepers mentioned in paragraph 1? A．Introduction of foreign bird species. B．A disease spread through mosquito bites. C．Loss of habitat due to human activities. D．Natural disasters affecting the bird population. 6．Why were male mosquitoes released in high- elevation forests on Maui? A．To study their ability to survive. B．To test new methods of mosquito delivery. C．To control the mosquito population. D．To observe their impact on the ecosystem. 7．What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A．The importance of biodiversity. B．The strategies of protecting biodiversity. C．The potential results of losing Hawaiian honeycreepers. D．The impact of Hawaiian honeycreepers on the ecosystem. 8．What is the author’s attitude to the future of Hawaiian honeycreepers? A．Positive. B．Objective. C．Doubtful. D．Worried. 四、完形填空（24-25高二山东烟台阶段练习） You know it is bad when you hear the car squeal (呼啸) into the parking lot. A family 1 our doors. The mother was holding two little girls; the father held out a tiny 2 dog in two hands, saying urgently, “He is a(n) 3 ! Please save him!” Our veterinarian (兽医) 4 took the small dog and began CPR (心肺复苏术). We watched his chest rise and fall with each press and started taking note of his 5 : two small holes, one in his nose and one in his tongue, bleeding. As we worked trying to get his heart to restart, the dog’s 6 was spread in our hospital. The dog, named Teddy, was bitten by a rattlesnake. The girls had been playing outside with Teddy when a rattlesnake suddenly appeared. They tried to move it with a stick but failed. Teddy recognized the 7 , rushed to rescue them and 8 himself between the girls and the snake. Teddy was 9 at least twice, once in the face, and once in the chest. However, he did not 10 . A tiny body, multiple strikes and an angry rattlesnake were a 11 for his misfortune. Despite our best efforts, we 12 to bring Teddy back to life. The mother’s eyes met mine and I could read her 13 emotions. On the one hand, she felt relief that her daughters were 14 . On the other hand, she was fairly upset, 15 that her beloved dog had made the ultimate sacrifice (牺牲) and that he was gone forever. 1．A．checked on B．broke out C．burst through D．shut down 2．A．fearless B．restless C．homeless D．lifeless 3．A．hero B．survivor C．pioneer D．adventurer 4．A．hesitantly B．immediately C．eventually D．unwillingly 5．A．burns B．diseases C．wounds D．expressions 6．A．story B．impact C．scream D．fame 7．A．sight B．spot C．state D．threat 8．A．hid B．stuffed C．positioned D．found 9．A．adopted B．struck C．fooled D．examined 10．A．back down B．back up C．turn around D．turn up 11．A．basis B．challenge C．chance D．recipe 12．A．guaranteed B．failed C．prepared D．managed 13．A．negative B．mixed C．pleasant D．painful 14．A．cute B．brave C．secure D．healthy 15．A．realizing B．wondering C．suspecting D．expecting 试卷第2页，共22页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit6 Nurturing Nature (基础练) —2024-2025学年高二英语40分钟限时训练 （外研版2019选择性必修第一册） 参考答案 一、单句语法填空 1．have been eating 2．have been waiting 3．have been using 4．applicants 5．concerns 6．have been investigating 7．have been trying 8．preference 9．has worked/has been working 10．steadily 二、完成句子 1．have been searching the area 2．at your leisure 3．As far as I’m concerned 4．have been testing 5．are in favour of 6．in favour of 7．have been wanting 8．leisure facilities 9．a delicate matter 10．advertise on the Internet 三、阅读理解 1．D 2．C 3．D 4．C 5．B 6．C 7．C 8．A 四、完形填空 1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．D 8．C 9．B 10．A 11．D 12．B 13．B 14．C 15．A 试卷第2页，共22页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit6 Nurturing Nature (基础练) —2024-2025学年高二英语40分钟限时训练 （外研版2019选择性必修第一册） 一、单句语法填空 1．Recently, I (eat)healthy food as opposed to junk food. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】have been eating 【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：最近，我一直吃健康食品而不是垃圾食品。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里有时间状语Recently，这句话描述的是最近一直在进行的动作，所以用现在完成进行时，强调从过去持续到现在的动作，还有可能延续到将来。故填have been eating。 2．I (wait) for my girl friend for half an hour, but she has not shown up yet. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】have been waiting 【详解】考查时态。句意：我一直在等我的女朋友，已经等了半个小时，但她仍未露面。分析句子结构可知，空处缺谓语动词，结合句意可知，“wait”这一动作从半个小时前开始，一直延续到说话的时候，因为女朋友还未露面，我还要一直等着，表示动作从过去某一时刻开始延续至今并可能继续进行下去，用现在完成进行时have/has been doing。故填have been waiting。 3．I (use) the computer since I was a kid.（用所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】have been using 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我从小就一直在用电脑。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，由该句时间状语since可知，此处应为完成时，结合句意可知，应表示“过去进行的动作一直持续到现在，并且有可能继续延续下去”为现在完成进行时。故填have been using。 4．It is estimated that about 15% of the (apply) had been offered positions last year. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】applicants 【详解】考查名词。句意：据估计，去年约有15%的申请人获得了职位。分析句子可知，空处作介词of的宾语，结合“had been offered positions”可知，名词applicant“申请人”符合题意，再根据“about 15% of”可知，applicant需用复数形式。故填applicants。 5．In the meeting Mrs Ashrawi raised the three main (concern) that the Palestinians had. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】concerns 【详解】考查名词。句意：在会议上，阿什拉维夫人提出了巴勒斯坦人三个主要关心的事情。空前three是基数词，表示“三”，所以空处应用名词的复数形式，作动词raised的宾语。故填concerns。 6．They (investigate) the murder for three weeks, and have already found some valuable clues. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】have been investigating 【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：他们已经对这起谋杀案进行了三个星期的调查，并且已经发现了一些有价值的线索。分析句子可知，空格处应填入谓语动词。根据句中时间状语for three weeks以及句意可知，此处应用现在完成进行时态，表示调查从过去开始，一直延续到现在，并有可能继续持续下去。故填have been investigating。 7．Since the time humankind started gardening, we (try) to make our environment more beautiful. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】have been trying 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：自从人类开始从事园艺活动以来，我们一直在努力使环境变得更美。根据时间状语从句Since the time humankind started gardening可知，主句应用现在完成时；结合句意，应用现在完成进行时，强调动作会一直持续下去。故填have been trying。 8．Some said they can match hanfu from different dynasties together, or with modern clothing, according to their own (prefer). （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】preference 【详解】考查名词。句意：一些人表示，他们可以根据自己的喜好将不同朝代的汉服搭配在一起，或者与现代服装搭配。结合空前的their own可知此处使用名词形式作宾语，preference意为“喜好”，为不可数名词。故填preference。 9．He (work) in that company since he left school five years ago. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】has worked/has been working 【详解】考查时态。句意：自从五年前离开学校以来，他一直在那家公司工作。分析可知，所填动词在主句中作谓语。结合时间状语从句“since he left school five years ago”可知，可用现在完成时，表示从过去持续到现在的动作；也可用现在完成进行时，强调动作从过去开始，持续到现在，并很有可能持续到将来，主语是第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填：has worked/has been working。 10．Tony worked (steady) on the improvements.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】steadily 【详解】考查副词。句意：托尼稳步地改进。空格处用副词修饰动词worked，steady的副词是steadily，意为“稳定地”，故填steadily。 二、完成句子 1．They （已在这一地区搜寻）for three days and two nights, but haven’t found anybody. （根据汉语提示完成句子） 【答案】have been searching the area 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：他们已在这个地区搜索了三天两夜，但没有找到任何人。分析句子可知，空处应为谓语部分；动词短语search the area表示“在这一地区搜寻”，根据时间状语“for three days and two nights”及“but haven’t found anybody”可知，该句表示搜寻从三天前开始一直持续到现在，并且可能继续下去，故应用现在完成进行时；主语是“They”，谓语为复数。故填have been searching the area。 2．Come round for lunch and read them （你空闲时）. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】at your leisure 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：你有空的时候来吃午饭，读读它们。固定搭配at one's leisure“某人有空”。根据汉语提示，“你空闲时”，故填at your leisure。 3． （就我个人而言）, you can do what you like. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案As far as I’m concerned 【详解】考查句式。句意：就我个人而言，你可以做你喜欢做的事。根据汉语提示可知，as far as sb. be concerned就某人而言，固定句式，符合题意，此处需用人称代词主格I，其后接am，缩写为I’m，句首单词首字母需大写。故填As far as I’m concerned。 4．Companies (一直在测试) their vehicles in cities across the country. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】have been testing 【详解】考查时态。句意：公司一直在全国各地的城市测试他们的汽车。“一直在做某事”表达为现在完成进行时，主语为Companies，助动词为have。“测试”表达为动词test，后接宾语 their vehicles。结合其他汉语提示，故填have been testing。 5．The reason why the students (支持) the first one is as follows. 【答案】are in favour of 【详解】句意：学生们支持第一个的原因如下。in favour of表示“支持”，is表明用一般现在时，故填are in favour of。 6．He made a number of appearances on television to argue (支持) its defence. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】in favour of 【详解】考查介词短语。句意：他多次在电视上露面，为其辩护。根据汉语提示可知，此处考查固定短语in favour of“支持”，故填in favour of。 7．I (一直想) to go to California ever since I was a kid.(根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】have been wanting 【详解】考查时态和动词。句意：我从小就一直想去加利福尼亚。根据句中“since I was a kid”和汉语提示可知，空处用现在完成进行时，表示动作一直在持续，且还将继续延续。故填have been wanting。 8．The town lacks （休闲设施）such as a swimming pool or squash courts. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 leisure facilities 【详解】考查名词性短语。句意：这个城镇缺乏诸如游泳池和壁球场之类的休闲设施。根据汉语提示可知，leisure facility“休闲设施”，由空后“such as a swimming pool or squash courts”可知，此处表示泛指，名词需用复数facilities。故填leisure facilities。 9．There’s something I have to speak to you about—it’s （一件需要谨慎处理的事情）. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】a delicate matter 【详解】考查形容词和名词。句意：我必须要跟你说一件事——这是一件需要谨慎处理的事情。形容词delicate意为“微妙的，复杂的”，可表示“需要谨慎处理的”，表示“事情”可用可数名词matter。故填a delicate matter。 10．We can (在网络上刊登广告). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】advertise on the Internet 【详解】考查动词和介词短语。句意：我们可以在网上刊登广告。根据所给出的汉语提示，结合英语句子可知，设空处为英语句子的谓语和状语部分。其中谓语动词“刊登广告”用动词“advertise”表达，空前已有情态动词“can”，动词用原形；状语“在网络上”用介词短语“on the Internet”表达。故填advertise on the Internet。 三、阅读理解 A(24-25高二河南阶段练习) In 2020 sailors off the Iberian Peninsula began reporting that orcas (虎鲸) were “attacking” their boats. The five - ton heavy fish, capable of swimming at 48km/h— faster than most ships and boats— were approaching, investigating, and throwing itself towards the boats, frightening those on board. Since then, over 670 interactions like this have been recorded, all by a group of about 15 orcas. About a fifth resulted in severe damage, scores of boats were disabled and six boats sunk. A group of experts rapidly gathered and in May they gave their conclusion. The orcas aren’t attacking. Instead, according to the experts, the whales may be bored and playing with the boats. Our boats may just be part of a “craze” in their culture. Dr Patrick R Hof has handled hundreds of whales’ brains. “A human brain is about1.3kg, while an orca brain,” says Hof, “is about 5kg.” A real big one. When Hof and colleagues examined whales’ brains using a Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scanner (磁共振成像扫描器), they found that they were “highly unusual... organised in a pattern basically different from that seen in the brains of humans.” Part of the reason for that difference is because toothed whales have so many unique brain functions, from sleeping with half of their brain awake in order to avoid drowning (溺水), to finding directions and mapping their world. From a biological viewpoint, Hof thinks orca brains look capable of behaviour such as learning to play with boats. The scientific agreement is that we shouldn’t call the interactions “attacks”. Online news reports and videos have already appeared of sailors firing guns at orcas. One group of experts issued a letter urging the media to avoid projecting stories onto the animals, as how we decipher them has a big effect on their lives— it could save them or it could drive them to extinction faster. “We should keep cool heads” and “not punish wildlife for being wild”, they wrote. Whatever happens, perhaps we can’t ever hope to fully understand orca behaviour, because their world is water, changing, adaptable. We’re observing a society in development. 1．How does the author introduce the topic of the passage? A．By contrasting distinct species. B．By defining characteristics of orcas. C．By illustrating the seriousness of boats. D．By presenting the case of orcas “attack”. 2．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A．The extraordinarily heavy brains of whales. B．The technique used in examining whales’ brains. C．The scientific explanation for orcas “attack”. D．The biological analysis of orca’s living patterns. 3．What does the underlined word “decipher” in paragraph 4mean? A．Protect. B．Strike. C．Uplift. D．Understand. 4．What is the purpose of the passage? A．To draw the public’s attention to orcas. B．To warn sailors of keeping away from orcas. C．To appeal to the public to treat orca s properly. D．To clarify a misunderstanding about“craze” culture. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要从生物学角度解释为什么虎鲸会“攻击”周围的船只，呼吁并提出正确对待虎鲸的方法。 1．推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“In 2020 sailors off the Iberian Peninsula began reporting that orcas(虎鲸)were ‘attacking’ their boats.(2020年，伊比利亚半岛附近的水手开始报告虎鲸“袭击”他们的船只。)”可知作者通过展示虎鲸“袭击”船只的事例来引入话题。故选D项。 2．主旨大意题。根据第三段“When Hof and colleagues examined whales’ brains using a Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scanner(磁共振成像扫描器), they found that they were ‘highly unusual... organised in a pattern basically different from that seen in the brains of humans.’ Part of the reason for that difference is because toothed whales have so many unique brain functions, from sleeping with half of their brain awake in order to avoid drowning (溺水), to finding directions and mapping their world. From a biological viewpoint, Hof thinks orca brains look capable of behaviour such as learning to play with boats.(当Hof和他的同事使用磁共振成像扫描仪检查鲸鱼的大脑时，他们发现它们“非常不寻常……组织模式基本上不同于人类大脑所见。”这种差异的部分原因是齿鲸有许多独特的脑功能，从为了防止溺水而一半大脑清醒地睡觉，到寻找方向和绘制它们的世界地图。从生物学的角度来看，Hof认为虎鲸的大脑看起来有能力表现出学习与船只玩耍的行为。)”可知第三段主要讲述了对虎鲸“袭击”行为的科学解释。故选C项。 3．词句猜测题。根据第四段中的“One group of experts issued a letter urging the media to avoid projecting stories onto the animals, as how we decipher them has a big effect on their lives（一组专家发布了一封信，敦促媒体避免将故事投射到动物身上，因为我们如何decipher它们对其生活有很大的影响）”中的“projecting stories onto the animals（将故事投射到动物身上）”及下文的““it could save them or it could drive them to extinction faster. We should keep cool heads” and “not punish wildlife for being wild(它可能会拯救它们，也可以更快地将它们推向灭绝。我们应该保持冷静”和“不要因为野生动物而惩罚它们”)”推断，作者想表达的意思是对于此事件我们一定要正确理解，人类的态度对鲸鱼的影响非常大。所以“decipher”在此处意为“理解”。故选D。 4．推理判断题。综合全文，作者通过展示虎鲸与船只互动的情况，引出科学家对其行为的解释，并呼吁公众正确对待虎鲸，避免误解和不当行为。并且从文章最后一段“Whatever happens, perhaps we can’t ever hope to fully understand orca behaviour, because their world is water, changing, adaptable. We’re observing a society in development.(无论发生什么，也许我们永远无法完全理解虎鲸的行为，因为它们的世界是水，不断变化，适应性强。我们正在观察一个发展中的社会。)”也可以看出，文章的目的是呼吁公众正确对待虎鲸。故选C项。 B（24-25高二河北保定阶段练习） Every week at the Maui airport, a small plane gets loaded with 250, 000 passengers. They’re male mosquitoes, key players in a strategy that could be the last, best hope for Hawaii’s endangered birds. There were once more than 50 species of Hawaiian honeycreepers, a kind of small bird. Now, only 17 species are left, with some expected to go extinct in the wild as soon as this year. Hawaiian honeycreepers are disappearing because of avian malaria (禽疟疾病) , spread by mosquitoes that were introduced to Hawaii by accident in the 1800s. With no immunity (免疫力) , native birds often die after a single mosquito bite. Still, small pockets of birds have survived because the mosquito attack has been blocked by an invisible line. Above 4, 000 to 5, 000 feet in elevation (海拔) , temperatures are too cold for mosquitoes, so the birds there have remained safe. But as temperatures rise with climate change, the mosquitoes are advancing into the birds’ last remaining shelter. As a last effort to save the birds, researchers are borrowing a strategy from public health departments. Where mosquitoes spread human diseases, improved mosquitoes that are unable to reproduce successfully are often released, helping to limit the overall mosquito population. Now, this strategy is being used for wildlife protection. So far, millions of male mosquitoes have been delivered by the small plane in high-elevation forests on Maui. Hawaiian honeycreepers are found nowhere else on Earth and make up an important part of the ecosystem. Experts say it’s difficult to fully understand how biodiversity loss will affect an entire ecosystem. The disappearance of honeycreepers would also mean the loss of species found nowhere else. Our world would just become less colorful, less diverse as we continue to let species go extinct. Finally, the hope is that Hawaiian honeycreepers will develop immunity to avian malaria, as birds in other places have done. And there’s already been a sign it could be possible. Recently, one bird that was thought to be dead reappeared, far from where it was released, having survived malaria. 5．What is the primary threat to Hawaiian honeycreepers mentioned in paragraph 1? A．Introduction of foreign bird species. B．A disease spread through mosquito bites. C．Loss of habitat due to human activities. D．Natural disasters affecting the bird population. 6．Why were male mosquitoes released in high- elevation forests on Maui? A．To study their ability to survive. B．To test new methods of mosquito delivery. C．To control the mosquito population. D．To observe their impact on the ecosystem. 7．What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A．The importance of biodiversity. B．The strategies of protecting biodiversity. C．The potential results of losing Hawaiian honeycreepers. D．The impact of Hawaiian honeycreepers on the ecosystem. 8．What is the author’s attitude to the future of Hawaiian honeycreepers? A．Positive. B．Objective. C．Doubtful. D．Worried. 【答案】5．B 6．C 7．C 8．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了夏威夷濒危鸟类蜜旋木雀面临的危机，以及科研人员为了保护这些鸟类所采取的措施。 5．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Hawaiian honeycreepers are disappearing because of avian malaria (禽疟疾病) , spread by mosquitoes that were introduced to Hawaii by accident in the 1800s. With no immunity (免疫力) , native birds often die after a single mosquito bite.(由于19世纪意外传入夏威夷的蚊子传播的禽疟疾，夏威夷蜜旋木雀正在消失。由于没有免疫力，本土鸟类通常在被蚊子叮咬一次后就会死亡。)”可知，夏威夷蜜旋木雀面临的主要威胁是通过蚊子叮咬传播的禽疟疾。故选B。 6．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Where mosquitoes spread human diseases, improved mosquitoes that are unable to reproduce successfully are often released, helping to limit the overall mosquito population. Now, this strategy is being used for wildlife protection. So far, millions of male mosquitoes have been delivered by the small plane in high- elevation forests on Maui.(在蚊子传播人类疾病的地方，通常会释放经过改良、无法成功繁殖的蚊子，以帮助控制蚊子总数。现在，这一策略正在被用于野生动物保护。到目前为止，已经有一批批雄性蚊子被小型飞机运送到茂宜岛的高海拔森林中。)”可知，在高海拔的茂宜岛森林释放雄性蚊子是为了控制蚊子数量，保护野生动物。故选C。 7．主旨大意题。根据文章第四段“Hawaiian honeycreepers are found nowhere else on Earth and make up an important part of the ecosystem. Experts say it’s difficult to fully understand how biodiversity loss will affect an entire ecosystem. The disappearance of honeycreepers would also mean the loss of species found nowhere else. Our world would just become less colorful, less diverse as we continue to let species go extinct.(夏威夷蜜旋木雀在地球上其他地方都找不到，是生态系统的重要组成部分。专家表示，很难完全理解生物多样性丧失会对整个生态系统产生怎样的影响。蜜旋木雀的消失也将意味着其他地方找不到的物种的丧失。如果我们继续让物种灭绝，我们的世界将变得不那么丰富多彩，不那么多样化。)”可知，第四段主要讲的是失去夏威夷蜜旋木雀的潜在后果。故选C。 8．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Finally, the hope is that Hawaiian honeycreepers will develop immunity to avian malaria, as birds in other places have done. And there’s already been a sign it could be possible. Recently, one bird that was thought to be dead reappeared, far from where it was released, having survived malaria.(最后，人们希望夏威夷蜜旋木雀能像其他地方的鸟类一样，对禽疟疾产生免疫力。而且已经有迹象表明这是可能的。最近，一只被认为已经死亡的鸟在远离它被释放的地方重新出现，证明它已经存活于疟疾之中。)”可知，最近一只被认为已经死亡的鸟在远离它被释放的地方重新出现，证明它已经存活于疟疾之中。由此可推测，作者对夏威夷蜜旋木雀的未来抱有积极的态度。故选A。 四、完形填空（24-25高二山东烟台阶段练习） You know it is bad when you hear the car squeal (呼啸) into the parking lot. A family 1 our doors. The mother was holding two little girls; the father held out a tiny 2 dog in two hands, saying urgently, “He is a(n) 3 ! Please save him!” Our veterinarian (兽医) 4 took the small dog and began CPR (心肺复苏术). We watched his chest rise and fall with each press and started taking note of his 5 : two small holes, one in his nose and one in his tongue, bleeding. As we worked trying to get his heart to restart, the dog’s 6 was spread in our hospital. The dog, named Teddy, was bitten by a rattlesnake. The girls had been playing outside with Teddy when a rattlesnake suddenly appeared. They tried to move it with a stick but failed. Teddy recognized the 7 , rushed to rescue them and 8 himself between the girls and the snake. Teddy was 9 at least twice, once in the face, and once in the chest. However, he did not 10 . A tiny body, multiple strikes and an angry rattlesnake were a 11 for his misfortune. Despite our best efforts, we 12 to bring Teddy back to life. The mother’s eyes met mine and I could read her 13 emotions. On the one hand, she felt relief that her daughters were 14 . On the other hand, she was fairly upset, 15 that her beloved dog had made the ultimate sacrifice (牺牲) and that he was gone forever. 1．A．checked on B．broke out C．burst through D．shut down 2．A．fearless B．restless C．homeless D．lifeless 3．A．hero B．survivor C．pioneer D．adventurer 4．A．hesitantly B．immediately C．eventually D．unwillingly 5．A．burns B．diseases C．wounds D．expressions 6．A．story B．impact C．scream D．fame 7．A．sight B．spot C．state D．threat 8．A．hid B．stuffed C．positioned D．found 9．A．adopted B．struck C．fooled D．examined 10．A．back down B．back up C．turn around D．turn up 11．A．basis B．challenge C．chance D．recipe 12．A．guaranteed B．failed C．prepared D．managed 13．A．negative B．mixed C．pleasant D．painful 14．A．cute B．brave C．secure D．healthy 15．A．realizing B．wondering C．suspecting D．expecting 【答案】 1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．D 8．C 9．B 10．A 11．D 12．B 13．B 14．C 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一只名叫Teddy的小狗为了保护小女孩们免受响尾蛇攻击而英勇牺牲的故事。文章通过一系列的动作描写和情感表达，向读者展示了这一感人事迹，同时传达了勇敢、牺牲等主题。 1．考查动词短语辨析。句意：一家子冲进了我们的大门。A. checked on检查；B. broke out爆发；C. burst through冲破，冲进；D. shut down关闭。根据前文“You know it is bad when you hear the car squeal (呼啸) into the parking lot.”和后文“saying urgently, “He is a(n) 3 ! Please save him!””可知，急促停下的车声，并请求救助狗狗，所以一家子冲进了大门，强调动作的迅猛和急迫性。故选C。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：母亲抱着两个小女孩；父亲伸出一只没有生命的小狗，急切地说：“他是个英雄！请救救他！”A. fearless无畏的；B. restless不安的；C. homeless无家可归的；D. lifeless无生气的，没有生命的。根据后文“took the small dog and began CPR (心肺复苏术)”可知，兽医进行CPR（心肺复苏术），可以推断出小狗当时已经没有生命迹象了，故选D。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：母亲抱着两个小女孩；父亲伸出一只没有生命的小狗，急切地说：“他是个英雄！请救救他！”A. hero英雄；B. survivor幸存者；C. pioneer先锋；D. adventurer冒险家。根据后文“The girls had been playing outside with Teddy when a rattlesnake suddenly appeared. They tried to move it with a stick but failed. Teddy recognized the 7 , rushed to rescue them”可知，Teddy为了保护小女孩们而勇敢地面对毒蛇，因此被称为英雄。故选A。 4．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们的兽医立刻接过小狗并开始进行心肺复苏术。A. hesitantly犹豫地；B. immediately立刻；C. eventually最终；D. unwillingly不愿意地。根据后文“took the small dog and began CPR (心肺复苏术)”可知，紧急情况下，兽医应该是立即采取行动，故选B。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们看着他的胸部随着每次按压而起伏，并开始记录他的伤口：两个小洞，一个在鼻子上，一个在舌头上，正在流血。A. burns烧伤；B. diseases疾病；C. wounds伤口；D. expressions表情。根据后文“two small holes, one in his nose and one in his tongue”可知，两个小洞，一个在鼻子上，一个在舌头上，这里指的是记录伤口情况。故选C。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着我们在医院里努力让他的心脏重新跳动，Teddy的故事传开了。A. story故事；B. impact影响；C. scream尖叫；D. fame名声。根据后文的“was spread in our hospital”可知，这里指Teddy英勇救人的事迹被大家知晓，Teddy的故事传开了，故选A。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Teddy意识到了威胁，冲去救援他们。A. sight景象；B. spot地点；C. state状态；D. threat威胁。根据下文“rushed to rescue them”可知，Teddy意识到毒蛇对孩子们构成了威胁，故选D。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他把自己置于女孩们和蛇之间。A. hid隐藏；B. stuffed塞满；C. positioned定位，放置；D. found发现。根据后文“himself between the girls and the snake”可知，这里表示Teddy将自己置于女孩们和蛇之间，置于危险之中以保护孩子们，故选C。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Teddy至少被咬了两次，一次在脸上，一次在胸部。A. adopted收养；B. struck打击，咬；C. fooled欺骗；D. examined检查。根据前文“two small holes, one in his nose and one in his tongue”和后文“at least twice, once in the face, and once in the chest”可知，这里是指Teddy被蛇咬伤，故选B。 10．考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，他没有退缩。A. back down退缩；B. back up备份，支持；C. turn around转身；D. turn up出现，调高。根据前文“Teddy was 9 at least twice, once in the face, and once in the chest. However, he did not”可知，这里表达的是尽管被咬，Teddy依然坚持保护孩子们，没有退缩。故选A。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：小小的身躯，多次攻击，加上一条愤怒的响尾蛇，这都是导致他不幸的原因。A. basis基础；B. challenge挑战；C. chance机会；D. recipe食谱，诀窍，原因。根据前文“A tiny body, multiple strikes and an angry rattlesnake were a”和后文“for his misfortune”可知，这里指这些原因共同作用导致了不幸的结果，故选D。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管我们尽了最大努力，还是未能让Teddy复活。A. guaranteed保证；B. failed失败；C. prepared准备；D. managed设法完成。根据后文“that her beloved dog had made the ultimate sacrifice (牺牲) and that he was gone forever”可知，未能让Teddy复活，这里表示努力失败了，故选B。 13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：母亲的目光与我相遇，我能看出她复杂的情绪。A. negative消极的；B. mixed复杂的，混合的；C. pleasant愉快的；D. painful痛苦的。根据后文“On the one hand, she felt relief that her daughters were 14 . On the other hand, she was fairly upset”可知，母亲既有庆幸也有悲伤的情绪，她情绪复杂.故选B。 14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一方面，她感到宽慰，因为她的女儿们安全了。A. cute可爱的；B. brave勇敢的；C. secure安全的；D. healthy健康的。根据前文“she felt relief that her daughters were”可知，Teddy救了孩子们，这里强调的是孩子们的安全，故选C。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：另一方面，她非常难过，意识到她心爱的狗狗做出了最大的牺牲，永远离开了。A. realizing意识到；B. wondering想知道；C. suspecting怀疑；D. expecting期望。根据后文“that her beloved dog had made the ultimate sacrifice (牺牲) and that he was gone forever.”可知，这里指母亲意识到了事情的严重性，故选A。 试卷第2页，共22页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$