专题4 现在完成时+过去完成时-【决胜春考】2025年春季高考英语冲刺总复习（广东小高考专用）

专题4 现在完成时+过去完成时 现在完成时 一、含义、结构、标志词、动词变化、句型转换 （一）含义 1．表示动作发生在过去，对现在产生了影响。汉语常用“了”或“已经”表示。 例句：I have just had my breakfast. 我已经吃了早餐。 （“吃”这个动作发生在过去，对现在产生的影响：现在不饿） He has left his keys. 他丢了钥匙。 （“丢”这个动作发生在过去，对现在产生的影响：进不去家门） 2．表示动作发生在过去，延续到现在或者延续到将来。常和 these days，for a long time，since，等表示一段时间的时间词连用。 例句：I have known Jackson Wang for six years．我知道王嘉尔6年了。 （“知道”这个动作发生在过去，到现在还认识） Tom has lived in Guangzhou since 2000．Tom 自从2000年就住在广州了。 （“住”这个动作发生在过去，到现在还住在广州，或许以后也还住） （二）结构：have／has＋done（过去分词） 【区分have和has】三单用has，非三单用have （三）标志词 1．already（已经），yet（已经；仍未） 2．since（自从），for（持续） 3．never（从不），ever（曾经），just（刚刚），xxx times（．．．次） 4．these days（这些天），in recent years（在最近几年）lately／recently（最近） in the past few years（过去几年），for a long time（一段时间）， over the past...years（过去...年中），so far／up to now／by now（目前为止） 5． It is the first／second／third／time that 句子（现在完成时） 6． 这是第一／二／三次. 例句：It is the first time that I have met him. 这是我第一次碰见她。 It is the second time that he has seen the film. 这是他第二次看这个电影。 【标志词区分】 1. already & yet I have bought Jackson’s vinyl record. 我已经买了王嘉尔的黑胶唱片啦。 Have you listened to the new songs of Jackson yet？你听了Jackson的新歌了么？ I haven’t listened to Jackson’s new songs yet. 我还没有听Jackson的新歌。 意思 用法区别 already 已经 用在肯定句中，放在have／has和过去分词之间或者句末 yet 已经 用在疑问句中 仍未 用在否定句中 即时演练A-already和yet 填空 1.Have you eaten your dinner ? 2.She has washed her hands. 3. I haven't watch the new show . 4. We have bought some new shirts . 2. since & for I have read this book for three hours. 我已经读了三小时的书。 I have read this book since 2 p.m．我从下午2点开始就读这本书了。 I have known him since I moved here. 自从我搬到这里来我就认识他了。 意思 用法区别 since 自从 since＋时间点；since＋句子（过去时态） for 持续 for＋时间段 【区分点和段】“倒推-具体法” 若可以倒推到一个具体的日期，年份，月份，小时，都是点。 如果不能推回一个具体的点，那就是时间段。 例子：2 hours ago（2个小时前）。假设现在是4点，2个小时前即2点。那么这就是一个时间点。 即时演练B-since 和 for 填空 1. six weeks 2. yesterday evening 3. 2021 4. last Monday 5. seven o'clock 6. a few minutes ago 7. a long time 8. three hours 9. they arrived in the city 10. they heard the news （四）动词变化 1．规则动词的过去分词和过去式一样，即【动词+ed] 2．记住一些常见的不规则动词的过去分词：（完整的看读本） do--done see--seen go--gone be--been eat--eaten know--known write--written find--found make--made buy--bought put--put begin--begun build--built teach--taught meet-met think--thought （五）句型转换 非三单做主语 三单做主语 句子结构 肯定句 I have done my work. She has done her work. 主语＋have／has＋done＋其他 否定句 I haven't done my work. She hasn't done her work. 主语＋ haven’t／hasn’t ＋done＋其他 一般疑问句 Have you done your work? Has she done her work? Have／Has＋主语+done+其他？ 特殊疑问句 What have you done? What has she done? 特殊疑问词＋一般疑问句？ 【句型转换tip】：有have／has用have／has。 否定后加not，疑问移到句首。 即时演练C-句型转换 1． She has already been to Britain．（改一般疑问句） she been to Britain ? 2． I have ever visited John’s house．（改否定句） I John's house. 3．I have borrowed two books from the library．（改一般疑问句） borrowed two books from the library? 4．He hasn’t come to school because he was ill．（对划线部分提问） __________ ___________ he _____ to school? 二、have／has been to， have／has gone to， has been in 的区别 （1）have／has gone to／been to 都可用于表述一种经历，但有差别。 She has been to Beijing. 她去过北京。 She has gone to library. 她去了北京。 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 区别 have/has been to 去过某地，人已经不在那个地方， 常和just，already，before，次数等副词连用 have/has gone to 去了某地，人在那个地方 【注意】这两个短语不能和一段时间（for／since＋时间词）连用 例：She has been to Beijing for 9 years．（×） I have gone to the UK since I was a child. （×） （2） have／has been in（at）＋某地 一直在．．． We have been in Guangzhou for 3 years． 我们在广州已经3年了。【in＋大地方】 My mum has been at the shop for more than two hours. 【at＋小地方】 我妈妈已经在那个商店两个多小时了。 区别 have/has been in(at) 译为“在……”表示人已经在某处， 常与for或since连用 即时演练D--用have been to， have gone to， have been in／at填空 1.He many cities in China. 2.She the zoo several times. 3.--How long the twins this school? --Six years. 4.--How many times you the zoo? --Only once. 5.My elder brother another city for study for 3 years. 6.-- your parents ever the Baiyun Hill? --Never. 7.They the village for five years. 8.My aunt never _London, so she doesn't know where London ts. 9.He just Shanxi so I'm afraid you can't see him. 10.Where he ? I can't find him. 综合练习 一、用括号中所给词的正确时态填空。 1.She already Thai food. (try) 2.They just the football match.(win) 3. they ever the Great Wall? (visit) 4.She never the film before.(see) 5.I just a dress for my mum. (buy) 6.China a lot since 1978. (change) 7.Yesterday morning, I lots of students on my way to the factory.(see) 8.I (put) it right here 3 minutes ago, but now it (go). 9.It is the biggest lake I ever (see). 10.Great changes_ in our country in the past twenty years.(happen) 11.The workers (build) up a new school recently. 12.Workers _(begin) to build it 3 months ago. 13.My father never (meet) a tiger before, but last Sunday he (meet) one in the forest. 14.-- your brother the army? (join) --Yes,he has, 15.He (be) in the army for more than 5 years. 二、单项选择。 1. you ever fast food? A.Did,eat B.Have,eaten C.Are,eat D.Have,eat 2.Professor Sayya China for more than 8 years so she Chinese since he came here. A.has been to,has studied B.has been in,has studied C.has gone to, studied D.has gone to, has studied 3. I haven't finished the work A.just B.already C.ever D.yet 4.We the Baiyun Hill last day A.have climbed B.are climbing C.climbed D.was climbing 5.--How long she John?--Since they came to Guangzhou. A.did know B.docs know C.has known D.will know 6.Both John and his friends Chinese for about 10 years. A.studied B.has studied C.have studied D.study 7.The Huangs Guangzhou tor a month. A.have been in B.have been to C.have been D.have gone 8.My music teacher many places before. A.has been to B.has been in C.has gone to D.has been at 9.Marry Australia for a long time so she knows where we can have yummy food well. A.has been in B.has been to C.has gone to D.has been 10.They the cinema so I don't think you can find them. A.have gone to B.have been in C.have been at D.have been to 11.How many cities you ? A.have been B.have been in C.have been to D.have gone to 12.He the dictionary a few days ago. A.bought B.has bought C.buys D.will buy 13.They Guangzhou a week. A. have been to,for B.have been in, for C.have gone to,for D.have been in,since 14.They in the factory for more than 10 years. A.have worked B.worked C.work D.are working 15.---May I speak to Sally? ---Sorry, she is not here. She her uncle's. A. has been in B.has been at C.has gone to D.has been to 现在完成时参考答案 即时演练A-already和yet填空 1.yet 2.already 3.yet 4.Already 即时演练B-since和for填空 1.for 2.Since 3.since 4.since 5.since 6.since 7.for 8.for 9.since 10.since 即时演练C-句型转换 1.Has,yet 2.haven't ever visited 3.Have you 4.Why hasn't come 即时演练D 1.has been to 2.has been to 3.have,been at 4.have,been to 5.has gone to 6.Have,been to 7.have been in 8.has,been to 9.has,gone to 10.has,gone 综合练习 一、用括号中所给词的正确时态填空。 1.has tried 2.have,won 3.Have,visited 4.has,seen 5.have,bought 6.has changed 7.saw 8.put,has gone 10.have,seen 10.have happened 11.have built 12.began 13.has,met,met 14.has,joined 15.has been 二、单项选择。 1-5 BBDCC 6-10 CAAAA 11-15 CABAC 过去完成时 一、含义、结构、标志词 （一）含义 表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作或状态。它表示句子中描述的动作发生在“过去的过去”。 Mr. Black told me that he had seen the movie three times. 布莱克先生告诉我他已经把这部电影看了三遍了。 【see（看）发生在tell（告诉）之前。Tell是过去，所以see就是发生在过去（tell）的过去】 发生在过去 （二）结构 肯定：had done（过去分词） 否定：had not （hadn’t） done 一般疑问句：Had人称 done＋其他？ （三）标志词 1．由时间标志词判断--by／before／by the end of（在．．．结束之前）＋过去的时间点 I had finished reading the book by nine o'clock last night. 我已经在昨晚9点前读完这本书了。 They had planted one hundred trees before last Wednesday. 他们在上个星期三之前已经种了100棵树了。 We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term. 我们已经在上个学期结束之前学习超过2000个英语单词了。 2．由“过去的过去”来判定。 （1）宾语从句中 当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作发生，从句要用过去完成时。在told，said，knew，heard，thought等动词后的宾语从句。如： She said that she had seen the film before. 她说她之前已经看过这个电影了。 （see 发生在 say之前。say用过去式，see用过去完成时） （2）由when，after，before，because，until等引导的句子中 主、从句的动作发生有先后关系，动作在前的，要用过去完成时，动作在后的要用一般过去时。 After he had finished his homework，he went to bed. 在他完成作业后，他去睡觉了 【注意】：before，after 引导的时间状语从句中，由于 before 和 after 本身已表达了动作的先后关系，若主、从句表示的动作紧密相连，则主、从句都用一般过去时。 After he closed the door，he left the classroom. 他关门后，就离开教室。 （关门，离开这两个动作是紧密相连的） 综合练习 一、用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。 1.We (paint) the house before we moved in. 2.That rich old man (make) a will before he died. 3.They had studied the map of the country before they (leave). 4.The robbers had run away before the policemen (arrive). 5.I (turn off) all the lights before I went to bed. 6.Paul (go) out with Jane after he had made a phone call. 7.Tom said he (read) the book twice. 8.Our plan failed because we (make) a bad mistake. 9. When the chairman finished speaking,he (leave) the hall. 10.The Reads had had lunch when I (get) to their house. 11.When I arrived at the station,he (leave). 12.We (learn) about 4000 English words by the end of last term. 13.I waited until he (finish) his homework. 14.We were surprised at what she already (do) 15.She didn't go to Qingdao because she (be) there before. 二、单项选择。 1. I all Harry Potter books by the time I was ten! A.read B.have read C. would read D. had read 2. When the doctor arrived, the patient . A. has died B. had died C. died D.dies 3.The students in our school about 8,000 yuan for SPCA (动物保护协会) by this time yesterday. A. arc raising B. were raising C. has raised D. had raised 4.By the end of last year, Roy in that post office for thirty years. A. worked B. would work C. had worked D. has worked 5.Emily and he parents each other for weeks by yesterday afternoon. A. didn't see B. haven't seen C. hadn't seen D. wouldn't see 6.The headmaster said all the students learning online for two months. A. were keeping B.were kept C.have kept D.had kept 7.Lisa felt very happy as she well in a reading contest the day before. A.does B.did C.has done D.had done 8.When the old man to walk back to his house, the sun itself behind the mountain. A. had started, was hiding B.has started, has hidden C.started,had hidden D.was starting,hid 9. 32 years old, Professor Wang had written 8 novels, 5 of which are best-sellers. A.At B.For C.Since D.By 10.By the time I home, my sister for Shenyang. A.got;has left B.get;has left C.got; had left D.get;had left 11.By the time they got there,the big fire . A.had put out B.had been put out C.had put off D.had been put off 12. Mr. White was about to lock the car door he realized he the key in the car. A.after;would leave B.until;left C.while;had left D.when;had left 13. Chairman Xi said that China billions of shots of vaccine（疫苗）to the developing countries by the end of 2021. A.offered B.had offered C.has offered D. was offering 14．By the end of last year，most of us the free vaccine（疫苗）． A.will get B.would get C.has got D.had got 15. Mum was surprised to find her little son all he suitcases already. A. was packing B.has packed C.had packed D.would pack 16. ---Why didn’t you give the wallet to the man at once? ---Because he before I realized it was his. A.had been disappeared B.has disappeared C.had disappeared D.has been disappeared 17.When I got to school, I realized I my backpack at home. A.left B.had left C.forgot D.had forgotten 18.By the time they reached the bus stop, the bus for ten minutes. A.had left B.have left C.had been away D.have been away 19.By the first day of August, 2017, the PLA for ninety years. A.founded B.has founded C.has been founded D.had been founded 20.I thought I in my project report, but the manager said he didn’t see it at all. A.had handed B.have handed C.am handing D. hand 过去完成时参考答案 综合练习 一、用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。 1.had painted 2.had made 3.left 4.arrived 5.had turned off 6.went 7.had read 8.had made 9.left 10.got 11.had left 12.had learned 13.had finished 14.had done 15.had been 二、单项选择。 1-5 DBDCC 6-10CDCDC 11-15 BDBDC 16-20 CBCDA 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$