Unit 3 Food and Culture Using Language 1（课件+分层练习） - 【上好课】2024-2025学年高二英语同步精品课堂（人教版2019选择性必修第二册）

Unit 3 Food and Culture Using Language 1 新人教选择性必修二 目 录 Lead-in While-listening Pre-listening Post-listening Lead-in： Sichaun cuisine (hot, spicy with peppercorns and chillies) Lead-in： Cantonese cuisine (mild and slightly sweet) Lead-in： Jiangsu cuisine (soft and a little sweet) Lead-in： Shandong cuisine (fresh and salty) Lead-in： Fujian cuisine (light and soft) Lead-in： Anhui cuisine (fresh, oily and colorful) Lead-in： Zhejiang cuisine (fresh and soft) Lead-in： Hunan cuisine (hot and dry) Pre-listening： Match the dishes below to their English names. A. hand-torn cabbage C. dry pot duck with golden buns B. bridge tofu D. steamed fish head covered with chillies D A B C What are the dishes below? A. hand-torn cabbage B. bridge tofu C. dry pot duck with golden buns D. steamed fish head covered with chillies 手撕包菜 剁椒鱼头 过桥豆腐 干锅鸭贴黄金饼 A B C D It is stir-fried (炒)with high heat. A perfect combination of tofu, egg, and minced meat(肉沫). It is a popular dish in Hunan cuisine. tear v.撕 n.圆面包 v.蒸 辣椒 It contains fish head,which is steamed with chillies. What do you know about the dishes? What does it contain?How is it make? Pre-listening： What does it contain?How is it make? steamed fish head covered with chillies As the name suggests, it contains fish head, which is steamed with chillies. spicy Pre-listening： What does it contain?How is it make? hand-torn cabbage It tastes crisp, fresh, and a little bit sour and spicy. It is fried over high heat with dried chilli peppers, garlic, and green onion. Pre-listening： What does it contain?How is it make? dry pot duck with golden buns It is a popular dish in Sichuan cuisine. Pre-listening： What does it contain?How is it make? bridge tofu It is a perfect combination of tofu, egg, and minced meat. Tofu is a smooth food with a cheese-like texture and it has a high nutritional value. pre-listening predict From the picture and text, we can predict that: the topic:__________ the place:__________ Chinese food Chinese restaurant what kinds of food are served? Spicy food Preview(预览) Listening is often combined with some sort of picture or text. If you preview the picture or text before you listen, it will help you better understand what you hear. Tingting Anna Lisa Tingting wants to introduce some Chinese dishes to her foreign friends. While-listening： Listen and tick the dishes that they order in the menu above. √ √ √ Listen for the orders While-listening： Listen again and answer the questions. Tip：the key words can help us better understand what we hear. 1. How is Hunan cuisine somewhat different from Sichuan cuisine? 2. What are the reasons why Hunan people like spicy food? 3. Why do so many people love steamed fish head covered with chillies? 4. Why does Tingting recommend bridge tofu instead of dry pot duck with golden buns? 5. Why is red braised pork the most famous dish? How is Hunan cuisine somewhat different from Sichuan cuisine? chillies The heat in Sichuan cuisine comes from _______and __________________.Hunan cuisine is often_______, and the heat usually comes from just__________. Sichuan peppercorns hotter chillies 2. What are the reasons why Hunan people like spicy food? ______________________________________________________________________________________________ Hunan people will tell you that they like ______ ________because they are ________people. But many Chinese people think that hot food helps them ___________________ of rainy or wet weather . flavors bold bold overcome the effects Because they are bold people,and it can help them overcome the effects of rainy or wet weather. 浓郁的味道 大胆自信的 3. Why is red braised pork the most famous dish? Because_________________________________________________________________________. Chairman Mao was from Hunan, and this was his favorite food. While-listening： Listen and find out the ways to recommend and order food. Tingting: I　　　 　the steamed fish head covered with chilies.  Tingting: It’s quite good, but I　　　 　 the bridge tofu instead. Anna: Let’s _______ that.  Tingting: What else 　　　　　　　　 to eat, Lisa?  Lisa: I’m really 　　　　　　　　 some pork.  Tingting: Well, then you 　　　　　　　　 the red braised pork.  Anna: Oh, that’s interesting. 　　　　　　　　 that then.  Tingting: So, we’re 　　　　　　　　.Waitress!  recommend suggest order would you like hungry for　 should have Let’s have　 ready to order Listen for useful expressions Lisa: __________________? Tingting: ______________________________________________I know fish head may sound strange, but the meat is quite tender and there are very few small bones, so everyone loves it. Lisa: And what's this here: dry pot duck with golden buns? Tingting: It's duck stir-fried with garlic, ginger, and black bean paste, and it has some bread with it. It's quite good, ____________________________, as it has a lighter taste. Lisa: Yes, __________________. Tingting: Now, _________________________? Lisa: I'm really hungry for some pork. Tingting: Well,then ____________________________.__ It's the most famous Hunan dish. Anna: Why is that? Tingting: Well，Chairman Mao was from Hunan, and this was his favourite food Anna: Oh, that's interesting. Let's have that then. Tingting: So, we are ready to order? Waitress! let`s order that what should we order? what else would you like to eat I recommend the steamed fish head covered with chillies but I suggest the bridge tofu instead you should have the red braised pork Listen to expressions used to order food and recommend food. order food recommend food What shall we order ? What dish would you recommend? What else would you like to eat? Great! /sounds delicious/tasty! Welcome to my favourite _____ Restaurant! I hope you enjoy it! Expressions：order food（foreighers） Expressions：recommend food（host） I suggest../I recommend../I advise...because/as I think you would like../you should have... /you could taste....because (tastes, ingredients, popularity, culture, history or related people) While-listening： What kind of culture does the underlined part reflect? Listen for the culture Lisa: So what shall we order? Tingting: I recommend the steamed fish head covered with chillies. I know fish head may sound strange, but the meat is quite tender and there are very few small bones, so everyone loves it. 鱼头一昂，富贵吉祥。 鱼头一摆，鸿运发财。 Post-listening： Order food together with a foreign friend. Post-listening： Let`s make a short dialogue. A:What shall we order ? B:I recommend....because/as it is...... A:Ok, let’s order that. what else would you like to eat? B:I suggest.... A:Great! /sounds delicious/tasty! GO Ordering food Can I help you? I’ll take your order in a minute. What should I order? Why don't you order ...? Do you have…? How about ordering ...? You should have / try ... This restaurant has the best ... It will cool you down/warm you up. Anything else, please? Are you ready to order, sir/madam? What would you like…? What would you suggest / recommend? You could order ... You might like ... Why not ...? You'll like it because ... Right now, ... is in season. I’d like… I’ll have… Enjoy your meal! Can I have the bill, please? How will you pay? I’ll pay in cash/through my mobile phone/by credit card. Here’s your change. Thank you for your coming. Goodbye. Here’s your bill./Here you are. Do you accept credit cards? Paying the bill Presentation： Role-play: foreign guest: A Chinese host:B waiter/waitress:C You may start like this: A: I really love ________, so what dish would you recommend? B: I suggest ______________. A: Really? What’s that? B: It’s _______ served _______________________. It’s quite _____________. A: That sounds OK, except that I don’t really like __________. What else do you recommend? B: You know, this restaurant has the best ____________. You’ll like it  because it is really _________ and you _____________________________. A: That sounds great! B: Waiter! C: May I take your order? B: We’d like ________________________________. C: So that’s ___________ for two. B: Oh, and do you have iced tea? C: Yes, we do. B: Then we’d like two glasses to go with our meal. C: Thank you very much. I’ll have your order to you in just a moment. May I take your order? Are you ready to order? So that's _(name)__ for two. ok, what else do you want? do you need...？ what do you want for drink? it is the best-seller in our restaurant!/it is the most popular one! please wait we will prepare for it right now. Welcome to my favourite _____ Restaurant! I hope you enjoy it! Thanks, I’m very excited. But what kind of food is ____ cuisine ? The flavour is spicy/sour/sweet/tender/smooth..., it comes from vinegar/ chili/ peppercorn/ soy sauce... That’s good/ sounds great. I ready love____ food/ I think I will love it, so what dish would you recommend? I suggest../I recommend../I think you would like../you should have... / (tastes, ingredients, popularity, culture, methods, history or related people great! /sounds delicious/tasty! Let’s order that. And what is _(name_)? it is... (tastes, ingredients, popularity, culture, history or related people) waiter: polite foreigner and Host Evaluation: Structure: Is the dialogue complete?(foreign guest, Chinese host and waiter) Contents: Are the given expressions properly used? Performance: Are they performed naturally? Show time Enjoy cuisine, Spread culture! Thank you! Homework Write a passage to introduce a kind of Chinese food. Using the sentence structures we have learned today. Focus on 2 aspects to write (name, flavor, nutrition, history, meaning) Thank You ! Using Language 1 新人教选择性必修二 null 152980.17 149975.8 eng - $$ Unit 3 Using Language 1分层练习 语言知识 一、（2024·高一课时练习）用括号内动词的正确形式填空。 1. It took years of work ________ (reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water. 2. ________ (travel) along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience. 3. ________ (close) this phone factory means 500 workers are facing unemployment. 4. ________ (learn) to think critically is an important skill today's children need for the future. 5. ________ (listen) to music at home is one thing and going to hear it being performed live is quite another. 6. Last night, there were millions of people ________ (watch) the opening ceremony live on TV. 【答案】 1. to reduce          2. Travel(l)ing / To travel        3. Closing / To close 4. Learning / To learn          5. Listening             6. watching 二、（2024·高一课时练习）用适当的介词或副词填空。 1. The weather forecast warned of winds of up ________ 60-miles-an-hour today. 2. The plane turned over and flew upside ________. 3. His sister always dresses ________ a fashionable way. 4. The theatre is putting ________ a performance of the popular musical “Cats”. 【答案】 1. to                  2. down           3. in                   4. on 三、（2024·高一课时练习）根据括号内的提示将下面句子翻译成英语。 1. 这是该画首次公开展出。 (display) ____________________________________________________________ 2. 大家听了关于那只狗的故事都笑起来了。 (amuse) ____________________________________________________________ 3. 我对野营这种想法从来不感兴趣。 (appeal to) ____________________________________________________________ 4. 为找那所房子我们转了好几个小时。 (wander around) ____________________________________________________________ 5. 通常我生病了就没有食欲。 (appetite) ____________________________________________________________ 【答案】 1. It's the first time the painting has been displayed in public. 2. Everyone was amused at / by the story about the dog.   3. The idea of camping has never appealed to me.   4. We wandered around for hours to look for the house. 5. When I am ill I usually lose my appetite. 知识应用 四、（山东省青岛中学2023~2024学年下学期高二年级期末）阅读理解 “From wearing silly clothes to holding funny ceremonies, such seemingly bizarre rituals (仪式) can be seen everywhere, and most of them do not seem to serve any obvious purpose,” Dimitris Xygalatas writes at the beginning of his new book Rituals: How Seemingly Senseless Acts Make Life Worth Living. Then why are humans still in love with such rituals? Some of them are intended to unify the participants. The goose steps practised by the soldiers all around the world area great example. When we all perform the same actions in a predictable way, as rituals often require, it can create a sense of togetherness and cooperation, which maybe a matter of life and death in the face of danger. Many rituals originated when humans started living in ever bigger groups, which exposed them to all kinds of violence, disasters and diseases. To prevent such risks from occurring, humans created various rituals. In regions where violence was common and the threat of disaster and disease was high, societies tended to emphasize strict ritualized behaviors, such as body-washing and sexual purity. Of course, not all of them were effective because they didn’t always understand what was causing the risks they were trying to control. Most of the rituals just provide psychological comfort. Earlier this month, people around the world participated in one of humankind’s largest gathering to celebrate the New Year. The rituals included fireworks, gifts as well as some practices unique to specific cultures, such as cooking black-eyed peas and greens in the southeastern United States, or eating a grape with each midnight clock strike in Spain. In the face of uncertainty, such rituals give the participants some kind of control, which helps boost confidence and reduce anxiety. However, the variety of rituals can also separate people, particularly when the valued practices of one culture strike another as strange and can not be clearly explained. “So here’s the surprising lesson we have to learn from such seemingly senseless rituals: Do in Rome as the Romans do since working isn’t the real point,” concludes Dimitris Xygalatas. 28. What does the underlined word “bizarre” in paragraph 1 mean? A. Difficult. B. Strange. C. Wonderful. D. Effective. 29. Which ritual just provides psychological comfort? A. Stressing pure sexual relationship. B. Practising goose steps in the army. C. Eating grapes on New Year’s Eve. D. Washing hands before religious rituals. 30. What is Dimitris Xygalatas’ advice concerning the rituals? A. Respecting them. B. Just following the effective ones. C. Reducing the variety. D. Introducing better replacements. 31. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To argue against Dimitris Xygalatas. B. To review a recently published book. C. To show the side effects of some rituals. D. To explain the origins and impacts of rituals. 【答案】28. B 29. C 30. A 31. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要剖析了各种仪式背后的社会、宗教及心理基础与影响。 【28题详解】 词句猜测题。根据画线词前“From wearing silly clothes to holding funny ceremonies(从穿傻乎乎的衣服到举行滑稽的仪式)”可推断，划线词所在句子表示“从穿傻乎乎的衣服到举行有趣的仪式，这种看似奇怪的仪式随处可见”，划线词bizarre的意思是“奇怪的”，和Strange意思相近。故选B。 29题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“Most of the rituals just provide psychological comfort. Earlier this month, people around the world participated in one of humankind’s largest gathering to celebrate the New Year. The rituals included fireworks, gifts as well as some practices unique to specific cultures, such as cooking black-eyed peas and greens in the southeastern United States, or eating a grape with each midnight clock strike in Spain.(大多数仪式只是提供心理安慰。本月早些时候，世界各地的人们参加了人类最大的庆祝新年的聚会之一。这些仪式包括烟花、礼物以及一些特定文化特有的习俗，比如在美国东南部煮黑眼豌豆和绿色蔬菜，或者在西班牙每次午夜钟声敲响时吃一颗葡萄。)”可知在新年前夜吃葡萄只是提供心理安慰。故选C。 【30题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“‘Do in Rome as the Romans do since working isn’t the real point,” concludes Dimitris Xygalatas.(“入乡随俗，因为工作并不是真正的意义，”Dimitris Xygalatas总结道。)”可知， Dimitris Xygalatas建议大家入乡随俗，尊重不同文化中的仪式。故选A。 【31题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Then why are humans still in love with such rituals?(那么为什么人类仍然热爱这样的仪式呢？)”及后面的细节可知，作者意在剖析各种仪式背后的社会、宗教及心理基础与影响，因此本文的目的是解释仪式的起源和影响。故选D。 五、（浙江省温州市平阳县万全综合高级中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期末）七选五 How similar are language and music? Language is part of our daily lives, no matter where we live in the world. ___36___ Both language and music play a huge role in our culture and here are some of their similarities. Both language and music have a writing system. In English we record language using the alphabet, which is a collection of letters. Similarly, we use notes (音符) to keep a record of music. Musicians read notes and create meaning in the form of music. ___37___ By writing pieces of text or music, we are able to share experiences through time. We can read the ideas or hear the composition (作品) of someone who lived hundreds of years ago. ___38___ You can make a good guess at where someone is from by listening to the language he uses. In the same way, we know that styles of music are different around the world, giving us the opportunity to explore many different cultures through their music and providing us with music for every situation. Both share emotion. ___39___ Of course you may be able to see it in my face, but you will know for sure through my words. Similarly, music can sound angry, sad or happy. Music can show you exactly how the composer was or is feeling, and allows us to share that emotion. When you feel happy, you might want to sing and dance to a happy song to celebrate your happiness.___40___ I think we have all used music to express or process our emotions, often combining it with language in the form of song lyrics (歌词). A. Both are expressive. B. Similarly, music is part of many people's lives. C. So just as you read English, you can read music. D. We use language to express our thoughts. E. In contrast, you probably also listen to sad music when you are feeling down. F. How do you know that I am angry? G. Both vary with culture. 【答案】36. B 37. C 38. G 39. F 40. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了语言和音乐在我们的文化中都扮演着重要的角色，两者有着多个相似之处；有书写系统，依附于各自的文化、能分享情感。 【36题详解】 根据上文“Language is part of our daily lives, no matter where we live in the world. (无论我们生活在世界的哪个角落，语言都是我们日常生活的一部分。)”和下文“Both language and music play a huge role in our culture and here are some of their similarities. (语言和音乐在我们的文化中都扮演着重要的角色，以下是它们的一些相似之处。)”可知，上文指出语言是我们日常生活的一部分，后文说语言和音乐在文化中都扮演着重要的作用。由此可知，音乐和语言一样——是日常生活的一部分。B项“Similarly, music is part of many people’s lives. (同样，音乐也是许多人生活的一部分)”符合题意，承接上下文。故选B项。 【37题详解】 根据上文“In English we record language using the alphabet, which is a collection of letters.((在英语中，我们用字母表记录语言，字母表是字母的集合。)”和“Musicians read notes and create meaning in the form of music. (音乐家们阅读音符，并以音乐的形式创造意义)”可知，英语是一种以字母记录的语言，音乐是音符组成的篇章，也有可读性。C项“So just as you read English, you can read music.(所以就像你读英语一样，你也可以读音乐)”，音乐也可以像英语一样进行阅读，上下文衔接连贯。故选C项。 【38题详解】 空处为本段小标题。根据下文“You can make a good guess at where someone is from by listening to the language he uses. In the same way, we know that styles of music are different around the world, giving us the opportunity to explore many different cultures through their music and providing us with music for every situation. (你可以通过听一个人使用的语言来猜测他来自哪里。同样，我们知道世界各地的音乐风格是不同的，这让我们有机会通过他们的音乐来探索许多不同的文化，并为我们提供适合各种情况的音乐。)”可知，音乐和语言一样都承载了很多不同的文化。G项“Both vary with culture. (两者都带着各种各样的文化)”，both指代下文的language和music，可以作为小标题。故选G项。 【39题详解】 根据小标题“Both share emotion. (双方共享情感)”可知，本段和情绪有关。F项“How do you know that I am angry? (你怎么知道我生气了？)”符合题意，且与下文“Of course you may be able to see it in my face, but you will know for sure through my words. (你当然可以从我的脸上看出来，但你也一定会通过我的话知道。)”承接F项，是对选项问题的回答。故选F项。 【40题详解】 根据上文“When you feel happy, you might want to sing and dance to a happy song to celebrate your happiness. (当你感到快乐的时候，你可能想跟着快乐的歌曲唱歌跳舞来庆祝你的快乐)”可知，快乐的时候，想听令人快乐的歌曲。由此推知，下文陈述，当不快乐的时候，可能想听悲伤的音乐。E项“In contrast, you probably also listen to sad music when you are feeling down. (相反，当你情绪低落时，你可能也会听悲伤的音乐。)”，与上文形成对比。故选E项。 六、（湖南省衡阳市衡阳县三校联考2023-2024学年高二下学期4月月考）完形填空 阅读下面短文和问题，根据短文内容和每小题后的具体要求，完成对该问题的回答。 For me, one of the most fascinating aspects of exploring diverse cultures is observing how ordinary and sometimes even insignificant things can 41 from place to place. The coffee culture is a great example. I love sharing with people how Shanghai is a perfect 42 for me for many reasons, and coffee is one of them. After I returned to China in September 2022 to study at Shanghai Jiao Tong University, I soon developed a（n） 43 with two other international students. During the lunch break, we would have a cup of coffee at the campus cafe every day. What we 44 was that people did not work during that coffee break; instead, they 45 savored （享受） their conversations over coffee. So, for us too, it felt wrong to continue our studies at the coffee shop and thereby disrupt the 46 . Perhaps drawn by this 47 energy, more students joined us day by day, and our group of three became a big party. Coffee 48 us as we greeted newcomers and got familiar with other local students. I feel this is how the coffee culture 49 here— to make people a little bit happier, and to 50 you up when you feel cold. That’s why I always prefer to get my coffee 51 instead of ordering online— for the sake of 52 the general mood of the place. It is not something 53 ; it’s a feeling in the air that makes you want to come, 54 it in, and be nourished by the good energy. It’s like an upbeat song from your childhood— Once you 55 it, you start smiling. 41．A．vary B．transform C．turn D．get 42．A．goal B．instance C．factor D．match 43．A．routine B．symbol C．procedure D．assumption 44．A．confirmed B．noticed C．reminded D．attended 45．A．narrowly B．consciously C．preciously D．purely 46．A, schedule B．connection C．atmosphere D．meaning 47．A．stubborn B．positive C．rewarding D．odd 48．A．developed B．united C．amazed D．convinced 49．A．functions B．operates C．assists D．delivers 50．A．inspire B．warm C．cheer D．speed 51．A．in detail B．in panic C．in person D．in case 52．A．raising B．approaching C．discovering D．experiencing 53．A．favorable B．suitable C．touchable D．bearable 54．A．breathe B．store C．break D．settle 55．A．read B．smell C．hear D．taste 完形填空：本文是记叙文，讲述了作者喜欢去上海的咖啡店，让自己沉浸在温暖的氛围中，并从中获得滋养的经历。 41．A【解析】考查动词。对我来说，探索多元文化最迷人的一个方面是观察普通甚至琐碎的事情如何因地而异。 42．D【解析】考查名词。我喜欢与人分享上海和我很搭的原因有很多，咖啡是其中之一。 43．A【解析】考查名词。我很快就和另外两名国际学生形成了一个（喝咖啡的）惯例。 44．B【解析】考查动词。我们注意到，人们在喝咖啡的休息时间不工作；相反，他们仅仅是边喝咖啡边享受闲聊。 45．D【解析】考查副词。参见上一题解析。 46．C【解析】考查名词。对我们来说，在咖啡店继续学习并因此破坏了气氛也是不对的。 47．B【解析】考查形容词。也许是受到这种正能量的吸引，每天都有更多的学生加入我们。 48．B【解析】考查动词。咖啡让我们团结起来，我们向新来的人打招呼，并与其他当地学生结识。 49．A【解析】考查动词。我觉得这就是这里的咖啡文化的作用——让人们更快乐一点，当你感到寒冷时让你感到温暖。 50．B【解析】考查动词。参见上一题解析。 51．C【解析】考查介词短语。这就是为什么我总是更喜欢亲自去买咖啡，而不是在网上订购——为了体验这个地方的氛围。 52．D【解析】考查动词。参见上一题解析。 53．C【解析】考查形容词。它不是有形的东西；这是一种弥漫在空气中的感觉，让你想要来，呼吸它，并被良好的能量所滋养。 54．A【解析】考查动词。参见上一题解析。 55．C【解析】考查动词。这就像你童年时的一首欢快的歌曲——一旦你听到它，你就会开始微笑。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 3 Using Language 1分层练习 语言知识 一、（2024·高一课时练习）用括号内动词的正确形式填空。 1. It took years of work ________ (reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water. 2. ________ (travel) along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience. 3. ________ (close) this phone factory means 500 workers are facing unemployment. 4. ________ (learn) to think critically is an important skill today's children need for the future. 5. ________ (listen) to music at home is one thing and going to hear it being performed live is quite another. 6. Last night, there were millions of people ________ (watch) the opening ceremony live on TV. 二、（2024·高一课时练习）用适当的介词或副词填空。 1. The weather forecast warned of winds of up ________ 60-miles-an-hour today. 2. The plane turned over and flew upside ________. 3. His sister always dresses ________ a fashionable way. 4. The theatre is putting ________ a performance of the popular musical “Cats”. 三、（2024·高一课时练习）根据括号内的提示将下面句子翻译成英语。 1. 这是该画首次公开展出。 (display) ____________________________________________________________ 2. 大家听了关于那只狗的故事都笑起来了。 (amuse) ____________________________________________________________ 3. 我对野营这种想法从来不感兴趣。 (appeal to) ____________________________________________________________ 4. 为找那所房子我们转了好几个小时。 (wander around) ____________________________________________________________ 5. 通常我生病了就没有食欲。 (appetite) ____________________________________________________________ 知识应用 四、（山东省青岛中学2023~2024学年下学期高二年级期末）阅读理解 “From wearing silly clothes to holding funny ceremonies, such seemingly bizarre rituals (仪式) can be seen everywhere, and most of them do not seem to serve any obvious purpose,” Dimitris Xygalatas writes at the beginning of his new book Rituals: How Seemingly Senseless Acts Make Life Worth Living. Then why are humans still in love with such rituals? Some of them are intended to unify the participants. The goose steps practised by the soldiers all around the world area great example. When we all perform the same actions in a predictable way, as rituals often require, it can create a sense of togetherness and cooperation, which maybe a matter of life and death in the face of danger. Many rituals originated when humans started living in ever bigger groups, which exposed them to all kinds of violence, disasters and diseases. To prevent such risks from occurring, humans created various rituals. In regions where violence was common and the threat of disaster and disease was high, societies tended to emphasize strict ritualized behaviors, such as body-washing and sexual purity. Of course, not all of them were effective because they didn’t always understand what was causing the risks they were trying to control. Most of the rituals just provide psychological comfort. Earlier this month, people around the world participated in one of humankind’s largest gathering to celebrate the New Year. The rituals included fireworks, gifts as well as some practices unique to specific cultures, such as cooking black-eyed peas and greens in the southeastern United States, or eating a grape with each midnight clock strike in Spain. In the face of uncertainty, such rituals give the participants some kind of control, which helps boost confidence and reduce anxiety. However, the variety of rituals can also separate people, particularly when the valued practices of one culture strike another as strange and can not be clearly explained. “So here’s the surprising lesson we have to learn from such seemingly senseless rituals: Do in Rome as the Romans do since working isn’t the real point,” concludes Dimitris Xygalatas. 28. What does the underlined word “bizarre” in paragraph 1 mean? A. Difficult. B. Strange. C. Wonderful. D. Effective. 29. Which ritual just provides psychological comfort? A. Stressing pure sexual relationship. B. Practising goose steps in the army. C. Eating grapes on New Year’s Eve. D. Washing hands before religious rituals. 30. What is Dimitris Xygalatas’ advice concerning the rituals? A. Respecting them. B. Just following the effective ones. C. Reducing the variety. D. Introducing better replacements. 31. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To argue against Dimitris Xygalatas. B. To review a recently published book. C. To show the side effects of some rituals. D. To explain the origins and impacts of rituals. 五、（浙江省温州市平阳县万全综合高级中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期末）七选五 How similar are language and music? Language is part of our daily lives, no matter where we live in the world. ___36___ Both language and music play a huge role in our culture and here are some of their similarities. Both language and music have a writing system. In English we record language using the alphabet, which is a collection of letters. Similarly, we use notes (音符) to keep a record of music. Musicians read notes and create meaning in the form of music. ___37___ By writing pieces of text or music, we are able to share experiences through time. We can read the ideas or hear the composition (作品) of someone who lived hundreds of years ago. ___38___ You can make a good guess at where someone is from by listening to the language he uses. In the same way, we know that styles of music are different around the world, giving us the opportunity to explore many different cultures through their music and providing us with music for every situation. Both share emotion. ___39___ Of course you may be able to see it in my face, but you will know for sure through my words. Similarly, music can sound angry, sad or happy. Music can show you exactly how the composer was or is feeling, and allows us to share that emotion. When you feel happy, you might want to sing and dance to a happy song to celebrate your happiness.___40___ I think we have all used music to express or process our emotions, often combining it with language in the form of song lyrics (歌词). A. Both are expressive. B. Similarly, music is part of many people's lives. C. So just as you read English, you can read music. D. We use language to express our thoughts. E. In contrast, you probably also listen to sad music when you are feeling down. F. How do you know that I am angry? G. Both vary with culture. 六、（湖南省衡阳市衡阳县三校联考2023-2024学年高二下学期4月月考）完形填空 阅读下面短文和问题，根据短文内容和每小题后的具体要求，完成对该问题的回答。 For me, one of the most fascinating aspects of exploring diverse cultures is observing how ordinary and sometimes even insignificant things can 41 from place to place. The coffee culture is a great example. I love sharing with people how Shanghai is a perfect 42 for me for many reasons, and coffee is one of them. After I returned to China in September 2022 to study at Shanghai Jiao Tong University, I soon developed a（n） 43 with two other international students. During the lunch break, we would have a cup of coffee at the campus cafe every day. What we 44 was that people did not work during that coffee break; instead, they 45 savored （享受） their conversations over coffee. So, for us too, it felt wrong to continue our studies at the coffee shop and thereby disrupt the 46 . Perhaps drawn by this 47 energy, more students joined us day by day, and our group of three became a big party. Coffee 48 us as we greeted newcomers and got familiar with other local students. I feel this is how the coffee culture 49 here— to make people a little bit happier, and to 50 you up when you feel cold. That’s why I always prefer to get my coffee 51 instead of ordering online— for the sake of 52 the general mood of the place. It is not something 53 ; it’s a feeling in the air that makes you want to come, 54 it in, and be nourished by the good energy. It’s like an upbeat song from your childhood— Once you 55 it, you start smiling. 41．A．vary B．transform C．turn D．get 42．A．goal B．instance C．factor D．match 43．A．routine B．symbol C．procedure D．assumption 44．A．confirmed B．noticed C．reminded D．attended 45．A．narrowly B．consciously C．preciously D．purely 46．A, schedule B．connection C．atmosphere D．meaning 47．A．stubborn B．positive C．rewarding D．odd 48．A．developed B．united C．amazed D．convinced 49．A．functions B．operates C．assists D．delivers 50．A．inspire B．warm C．cheer D．speed 51．A．in detail B．in panic C．in person D．in case 52．A．raising B．approaching C．discovering D．experiencing 53．A．favorable B．suitable C．touchable D．bearable 54．A．breathe B．store C．break D．settle 55．A．read B．smell C．hear D．taste 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$