UNIT 1 Section Ⅱ “Reading”的新知学习环节(课件PPT)-【新课程学案】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（译林版2020）

Section Ⅱ “Reading”的新知学习环节 NO 1 积词汇/由记准到用活 NO 2 通句式/由规则到熟用 NO 3 课时检测 目 录 新学词汇·归类记清 一、阅读单词——知其义 1．the silky dessert 　　　　 丝滑的______ 2．a saucer of vinegar _________ 3．salty and sour 咸中带_____ 4．food high in calories 高_______的食物 No.1 积词汇/由记准到用活 甜点 一碟醋 酸 卡路里 二、重点单词——写其形 1．a bad _______　　　　　　 不好的情绪 2．the lovely creamy __________ 美妙、滑腻的味道 3.be ________with positive emotions 与积极的情绪联系在一起 4．a ______of the UK 一个土生土长的英国人 mood flavour linked native 5．build an emotional _______ 建立情感联系 6．________income 产生收益 7．________the food 消化食物 8．______blood pressure 降低血压 bond generate digest lower 三、活用单词——悉其变 combine combination creamy cream greedily greedy gentle gently associate association vary varieties various emotions emotional emotionally salt salty relieve relief security secure cycle cyclists 四、拓展构词——明其规 1．security：adj.＋-ity →n. [依“规”串记] ①popular→popularity　 流行；普及 ②equal→equality 平等；等于 ③major→majority 大多数 ④real→reality 真实；现实 ⑤electric→electricity 电，电能　 2．cyclist：n.＋-ist→n. [依“规”串记] ①tour→tourist　　　　　游客 ②art→artist 艺术家 ③type→typist 打字员 ④physics→physicist 物理学家 五、高级词块——通其用 1．______________　　　 使某人振奋精神 2．_____________ 奏效，起作用，达到目的 3．_________________ 慢慢做……，从容不迫地做…… 4．_________________________　 因人而异 lift one's spirits do the trick take one's time over vary from person to person 5．_____________ 与……有联系 6．__________ 把……与……密切联系起来 7．__________ 使某人振作起来 8．__________ 迫切需要 be linked with tie up with cheer sb.up cry out for 重点词汇·深化学习 1．No matter how bad my mood is, that perfect combination is always enough to lift my spirits. 不论我情绪有多差，这种绝妙的组合都足以令我振作。 ★combination n．结合体，联合体；联合，混合 [用法感知] ①(主旨升华句)Only if we are in combination with the reality can our ideals bear fruit. 只有与现实结合起来，我们的理想才能结出果实。 ②Different cultures combine tea with different foods or snacks, turning teatime into a social occasion. 不同的文化将茶与不同的食物或小吃相结合，将下午茶时间变成社交场合。 ③(主旨升华句)Only when our theory combines with practice can the former be more reliable. 只有当我们的理论与实践相结合时，前者才能更可靠。 [归纳点拨] (1)in combination with　　 与……联合 a combination of 一种……的结合(物) (2)combine v. (使)结合；组合；联合；混合 combine ...with ... 把……与……结合 combine with ... 与……结合 [应用融会] (1)用适当的介词填空 ④If John can combine his intelligence ______hard work, he must be a very successful student. ⑤When shown ______combination with black，orange often symbolizes the career. ⑥My wooden furniture design is a combination _____wood and new materials. with in of (2)完成句子 ⑦The study of traditions _______________________practice. 对传统的研究应该与实践相结合。 ⑧An ideal job should be one that ___________________________ _________what you are interested in. 一份理想的工作应该把你擅长的和你感兴趣的结合起来。 should be combined with combines what you are good at with/and 2．Sometimes the smell alone can do the trick, not to mention the lovely creamy flavour, which works like a time machine immediately transporting me back to my sunny childhood. 有时只是闻到气味就有这种效果，更不用说那美妙的奶油的味道了，这种味道就像一台时光机，立刻把我带回阳光灿烂的童年。 ★do the trick奏效，起作用，达到目的 [用法感知] ①(“求助”类写作佳句)I tried many ways to improve my spoken English but nothing did the trick. 我试了许多方法提高我的口语，但没有任何方法奏效。 ②(“建议”类写作佳句)If your friends are too busy to meet for lunch, a short phone call can also do the trick. 如果你的朋友们太忙而无法见面吃午饭，一个简短的电话也能起到很好的效果。 [归纳点拨] (1)play tricks/a trick on ...　 捉弄…… (2)trick sb.out of sth. 从某人处骗取某物 trick sb.into doing sth. 哄骗某人做某事 [应用融会]　 (1)单句语法填空 ③Watch out for Jack, because he is just playing tricks _____you. ④He tricked me ______believing that he had done a good deed. on into (2)替换加黑词汇 ⑤I don't know what it was that worked but I'm definitely feeling much better.____________ did the trick 3．In this article, we will talk about a particular type of comfort food whose power mainly lies in the associations it calls to mind. 在本文里，我们要特别讲一类治愈系食物，它的力量主要在于它所唤起的联想。 ★association n．联想，联系；协会，社团；联合，交往 [用法感知] ①We are working in association with a number of local companies to raise money for the homeless. 我们正在与许多本地公司联合为无家可归的人筹款。 ②“Jonason, you should associate with positive-thinking people if you desire success，” he looked at me seriously. “乔纳森，如果你想要成功，你需要与思想积极的人交往，”他看着我严肃地说。 ③(主旨升华句)There is no doubt that our success is associated with our determination, confidence and perseverance. 毫无疑问，成功与我们的决心、信心和毅力有关。 归纳点拨 (1)in association with 　 与……联合；与……交往 (2)associate v. 联想；联系 associate ...with ... 把……与……联系起来 associate with sb. 与某人交往 be associated with 与……有关 联想发散 (1)associate ...with ...的同义短语有：link ...with ...和relate ...to ...； (2)be associated with的同义短语有：be linked with 和be related to。 续表 [应用融会]　(单句语法填空/完成句子) ④They have maintained a close __________(associate) with a college in France. ⑤When we associate _______people who are optimistic, we tend to be optimistic too. association with ⑥A lot of traditional food such as zongzi, mooncakes and dumplings ___________________festivals. 许多传统食物，比如粽子、月饼以及饺子，都和节日有关。 ⑦He always ____________________________________his happy childhood. 他总是把那些花的味道和他快乐的童年联系起来。 ⑧This event was organized ________________a local school. 这次活动是与当地一所学校联合组织的。 are associated with associates the smell of those flowers with in association with 4．They vary from person to person, depending on our own unique experiences that have shaped our lives. 它们由塑造我们人生的独特经历决定，因人而异。 ★vary vi.(根据情况)变化，变更；相异，不同 vt.变更，改变 [用法感知] ①(深刻说理句)As tastes vary, it is difficult to make everyone like us. 由于众口难调，很难让每个人都喜欢我们。 ②(“活动介绍”佳句)In the exhibition, you can enjoy the pictures varying from students' school life to fantastic views of our campus. 在展览中，你可以欣赏到从学生的学校生活到校园美景的各种图片。 ③The samples varied in quality but were generally acceptable. 这些样品质量有差异，但大体上可以接受。 续表 [应用融会] (1)单句语法填空/完成句子 ④The research team is made up of pupils whose ages vary _______10 to 15. ⑤There are _________(variety) of reasons in favor of my opinion that a Chinese dictionary shouldn't include English words. from varieties ⑥Rooms in the hotel vary ______size but all have televisions. ⑦The menu of the restaurant ___________the season. 这家餐馆的菜单随着季节变动。 in varies with (2)补全语段 ⑧(2023·浙江1月高考写作)The highlight of this activity was an exhibition of____________________, ____________________________ ___________.In addition, there are ___________methods of plant-growing on display.　活动最精彩的环节是一个关于各种植物样本的展览，从普通植物到珍稀物种都有。此外，各种种植方法也在展出之中。 various plant samples varying from ordinary plants to rare species varieties of [名师点津] (1)various＝a variety of＝varieties of＝all kinds of＝all sorts of＝all types of＝a wide range of“各种各样的”； (2)a variety of (varieties of)既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词，该短语修饰复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数；修饰不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 5．If we grow up eating certain foods in our family, then those foods tend to be linked with positive emotions. 如果我们从小在家就吃某些特定的食物，这些食物就很容易与积极的情绪产生关联。 ★link vt.联系，相关联；把……连接起来n.联系，连接；关系，纽带；链接 [用法感知] ①The government has built a sea-crossing bridge, which links the island to the mainland. 政府已经修建了一座跨海大桥，将那座岛屿和大陆连接起来。 ②(“建议”类写作佳句)It's well-known that a healthy body is closely linked to a balanced diet. 众所周知，健康的身体与均衡的饮食密切相关。 [归纳点拨] (1)link ...to/with ...　　 把……与……联系/ 连接起来 be closely/directly/strongly linked to/with ... 与……有着密切/直接/ 牢固的关系/联系 link up with 与……联手协作 (2)a link between ... ……之间的联系 have strong links with ... 和……有着牢固的关系 [应用融会]　(单句语法填空/完成句子) ③Yellow is usually linked _______confidence, self-respect and friendliness. ④Believe it or not, a subway line will link the airport ________the city center. with to/with ⑤Whether pollution ________________________the disease is under debate. 污染是否与该疾病直接相关正在讨论中。 ⑥There are ________________________the two theories. 这两种理论之间有许多联系。 is directly linked to/with a number of links between 6．One mouthful of comfort food takes us back to our cultural roots, giving us the “taste of home” that we cry out for and relieving feelings of homesickness. 吃一口治愈系食物让我们回到自己的文化根源，带来我们迫切需要的“家的味道”，以解思乡之情。 ★relieve vt.解除，减轻；缓和，缓解 [用法感知] ①These stories can relieve my stress and broaden my horizons. 这些故事可以缓解我的压力，开拓我的视野。 ②(“景物描写”佳句)Twinkling stars were blinking in the night sky, and fragrant breeze gently stroked my head, which relieved me of all the tiredness along the trip. 璀璨的群星在夜空闪烁，清香的微风轻抚着我的头，缓解了我旅途中所有的疲劳。 ③(“心理描写”佳句)I was in relief when the exam was over.　考试结束后我松了口气。 归纳点拨 (1)relieve from ... 从……中解除/解脱 relieve sb.of ... 帮助某人减轻…… (2)relief n. (痛苦或忧虑的)减轻或解除；减轻痛苦的事物 in relief 松了口气(强调状态) with relief 如释重负地；宽慰地(强调动作) to one's relief 令某人感到欣慰的是 (3)relieved adj. 宽慰的；不再忧虑的 名师点津 relief意为“放松；减轻”时，为不可数名词；意为“令人宽慰的事”时，为可数名词。 续表 [应用融会]　(单句语法填空/完成句子) ④Knowing that the strategy did the trick, the manager smiled —_______relief. ⑤The fresh air and exercise cured him of his sleeplessness, which made him feel _________(relieve)． ⑥It was _____relief to be able to talk to someone about it. with/in relieved a ⑦____________, the missing boy returned, safe and sound.　令我们感到欣慰的是，这个失踪的男孩安然无恙地回来了。 ⑧I often listen to soft music,_____________________________. 我经常听轻音乐，这可以帮助我缓解压力。 To our relief which can help me relieve stress 教材P5－B2部分的链接拓展 “动词＋up”构成的短语 课文中出现了“cheer up、give up、take up、keep up、set up”等多个由“动词＋up”构成的短语，那么我们就一起来分类总结一下“动词＋up”所构成的短语吧。 1．up表“用完，用尽，结束”之意的短语有： eat up　　　 吃光　　　 　burn up　　　 烧尽 finish up 做完 use up 用完 dry up 干涸 drink up 喝完 end up 结束，告终 We ate up all the food. 我们把所有的食物都吃光了。 2．up表“成碎片，分离”之意的短语有： tear up　　　 撕碎　　　　cut up　　　　切碎 divide up 分配 separate up 分开 break up 分解，破裂 She tore the paper up. 她把报纸撕碎了。 3．up 表“安全地，稳妥地”之意的短语有： lock up　　　锁住　　　fasten up　　　 系好 stick up 粘紧 nail up 钉牢 tie up 捆好 wrap up 包好 fix up 修理好 She always locked up her house when she was away on holiday. 她外出度假时总是把房子锁起来。 4．up 表“由小变大”之意的短语有： speak up　　 大声点说　　 bring up　　抚养 speed up 加快速度 turn up 调大声音 grow up 长大 warm up 加热 build up 逐步建立；增强 Would you please turn up the radio? 请把收音机开大点声音好吗？ 5．up表“靠近”之意的短语有： drive up　　　　驶近　　 go up　　　 　 走上去 come up 走上来 walk up 走近 catch up (with) 赶上 keep up (with) 跟上 hurry up 赶快 A car drove up and stopped, then he got in. 一辆汽车开过来停下，然后他上了车。 6．up 表“(由下)往上”之意的短语有： put up　　　举起　　　　send up　　　 发射 pick up 拾起 hold up 举起 look up 抬头 stand up 起立 get up 起床 come up 升起 go up 上升，上涨 take up 拿起 lift up 抬起 jump up 跳起 We have successfully sent up another spaceship. 我们已经成功地发射了另一艘宇宙飞船。 7．up 表“集合”之意的短语有： add up　　　加起来 　 　 collect up　　收集 gather up 集合，聚集 join up 联合起来 She gathered up her scattered belongings and left. 她收拾起散落的物品然后离开了。 [对点训练] (1)选词填空(use up/end up/bring up/eat up/add up) ①If you go on like this, you'll _________in prison. ②To make matters worse, people let their cattle ________the grass, which further destroys the grassland. end up eat up ③I have to buy a pet before you _______all the money. ④Please _________all the points and see how many points you have got. ⑤The boy was ___________by his aunt, because his parents died when he was very young. use up add up brought up (2)完成句子 ⑥In order to _____________________________in the class, Bob studies very hard. 为了赶上班里其他学生，鲍勃学习很努力。 catch up with the other students ⑦It may take a few weeks to _____________________again. 可能需要几个星期你才能恢复体力。 ⑧They ________________and settled down for the night. 他们搭起帐篷，安顿下来过夜。 build up your strength put up their tents No.2 通句式/由规则到熟用 1．No matter how bad my mood is, that perfect combination is always enough to lift my spirits. 不论我情绪有多差，这种绝妙的组合都足以令我振作。 　本句为主从复合句，句中no matter how 引导让步状语从句，意为“无论如何”。 (1)“no matter＋疑问词”引导让步状语从句时，可与“疑问词＋-ever”互换。 (2)“疑问词＋-ever”既可以引导名词性从句又可以引导让步状语从句。引导名词性从句时，只能用“疑问词＋-ever”。 “两层级”学通用活句式 (1)通过“句式变换”弄明句式结构 ①Whichever road you take, it will lead you to the station. →_____________________________, it will lead you to the station. ②Wherever he is, he makes it a rule to go for a walk before breakfast. →____________________, he makes it a rule to go for a walk before breakfast. No matter which road you take No matter where he is (2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用 ③无论这份工作多难，一个有决心的人总会努力完成它。 _______________________________, a determined person always tries to finish the job. ④无论做什么，你都要用心去做。 ______________________________, you should put your heart into it. No matter how/However hard it is No matter what/Whatever you do ⑤不管她说什么都不会对我们的安排产生任何影响。 __________________will not make any difference to our arrangements. Whatever she says 2．Sometimes the smell alone can do the trick, not to mention the lovely creamy flavour, which works like a time machine immediately transporting me back to my sunny childhood. 有时只是闻到气味就有这种效果，更不用说那美妙的奶油的味道了，这种味道就像一台时光机，立刻把我带回阳光灿烂的童年。 感知将学语法——非限制性定语从句 本句是主从复合句。句中which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the lovely creamy flavour。关系代词which在非限制性定语从句中所指代和修饰的可以是主句中的名词、形容词短语、其他从句或整个主句，在从句中作主语、动词宾语、介词宾语或表语。 ①These apple trees, which I planted three years ago, have not borne any fruit. 这些苹果树是我三年前栽的，还没有结过果实。 ②Water, which is a clear liquid, has many uses. 水是一种清澈的液体，有许多用途。 ③She is always careless, which we should not be. 她总是马虎大意，我们不应该这样。 3．I find it hard to keep up my energy right after lunch.　我发现饭后很难保持精力充沛。 　本句为“find＋it＋形容词＋to do”结构，其中it是形式宾语，to do是真正的宾语。 　 “find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构： (1)find＋宾语＋现在分词(表示主动或正在进行) (2)find＋宾语＋过去分词(表示被动或完成) (3)find＋宾语＋形容词/副词/介词短语 (4)find＋it＋形容词/名词＋to do ①After I arrived in America, I found myself living in a completely foreign culture. 在我到达美国后，我发现自己生活在一个完全陌生的文化中。 ②When he arrived, he found all the work finished. 当他赶到时，他发现所有的工作都已做完了。 ③I called on her on my way home and found her out. 我在回家的路上去拜访她，发现她外出了。 “两层级”学通用活句式 (1)通过“句法训练”弄明句式结构(单句语法填空) ④I find it hard ______________(concentrate) on my studies with some people having small talks around me. ⑤Mary found her husband _________(lie) on the floor and called the ambulance. to concentrate lying ⑥If you go to the Palace Museum, you will find many Chinese treasures _________(exhibit) there. exhibited (2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用 ⑦我急需提高我的英语口语，因此对我来说能找到一位以英语为母语的人并向他学习真是太好了。 I badly need to improve my oral English, so it is great for me to_________________________________. find a native speaker to learn from ⑧(2023·全国乙卷书面表达)一开始，我发现自己很难掌握这一技能和其中的技巧。 At the beginning, I _____________________________the technique and skills. found it difficult for me to grasp No.3 课时检测 [语言基础训练] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．He is in a much better _______(心情) than usual. 2．The route that the boatmen choose ________(不同) according to the water level. 3．This yogurt comes in ten different _________(味道)． mood varies flavours 4．Beat the ingredients together to a _________(奶油的) consistency. 5．It is a long time since he has visited his ___________(出生地的) Chile. 6．The agreement strengthened the _________(联系) between the two countries. creamy native bonds Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．His treatment was a ____________(combine) of surgery, radiation and drugs. 2．______ (gentle), she took hold of the door handle and turned it. 3．The _____________(associate) was formed to represent the interests of women artists. combination Gently association 4．We __________(greedy) ate up a whole plate of food that we didn't really want. 5．Being back with their family should provide __________ (emotion) stability for the children. 6．They gave her ______ (salt) water to make her vomit. greedily emotional salty 7．The Red Cross has sent four trucks of ________(relieve) supplies to the flood-stricken areas. relief Ⅲ.选词填空 lift one's spirits， do the trick， be linked with， cheer up， take one's time over， cry out for， a variety of， tie up with 1．These pills should_____________, and you'll feel much better in no time after taking them. do the trick 2．There are ____________tourist attractions and historical sites in London. 3．_________！Our troubles will soon be over. 4．Because of the war, people in this country ____________a peaceful life. a variety of Cheer up cry out for 5．When you are abroad, even something as simple as smiling can______________. 6．In the summer holiday, I usually __________________reading interesting books. lift your spirits take my time over 7．Our country will __________another country to host this exhibition. 8．Obesity _____________an increased risk of heart disease. tie up with is linked with Ⅳ.完成句子 1．____________, they can speak English, so at least we could communicate with each other. 令我感到欣慰的是，他们会说英语，所以至少我们可以互相交流。 To my relief 2．These opinions will change with time, and _________________ ________. 这些观点会随着时间的推移而改变，并且因地而异。 3．I ________________________myself out and exercise regularly. 我发现要让自己定期出门锻炼真的很难。 vary from place to place find it really hard to drag 4．The person I respect most is our English teacher. _____________________________________________________, she always helps us patiently. 我最尊敬的人是我们的英语老师。每当我们在学习中遇到困难时，她总是耐心地帮助我们。 No matter when/Whenever we have trouble in our studies 5．The boy was admitted into Beijing University，____________ _____________________. 这个男孩被北京大学录取了，这使他的父母非常自豪。 6．____________________ the education of the youth is vital to a country. 毫无疑问，青年人的教育对于一个国家至关重要。 which made his parents very proud There is no doubt that Ⅴ.课文语法填空 In this article, we will talk about a particular type of comfort food ①________power mainly lies in the associations it calls to mind.It often makes up for bad feelings by helping us recall happy memories of the people, things or places we love. whose Our comfort foods are highly individual.They vary from person to person, depending ②_________our own unique experiences that have shaped our lives.If we grow up eating certain foods in our family, then those foods tend ③____________ (link) with positive emotions. on/upon to be linked The feeling of ④__________ (happy) and sense of belonging can become ⑤___________ (particular) important for people who move away from their home country.According to some food experts, there are some ⑥________ (aspect) of culture that people will lose right away, but with food, there are more opportunities ⑦____________ (connect) to memory, family and place. happiness particularly aspects to connect ⑧_______ is hardest to give up the food that you grow up with.Of course, each person's comfort food largely depends on where they come from.One mouthful of comfort food takes us back to our cultural roots, ⑨______ (give) us the “taste of home” that we cry out for and relieving feelings of homesickness. It giving Comfort food tastes good and by building an ⑩______________ (emotion) bond with our happy memories, always makes us feel good.It's food for the soul. emotional [语篇综合训练] Ⅰ.阅读理解 When the phone finally stopped ringing and the house lay still with grief, I filled my home with the sweet smell of peach pie to mask the scent of worry that still lingered. At the weekend after Dad's diagnosis (诊断), Mom sent the same text to each concerned relative and friend: Jay was diagnosed with Pick's disease.We were going back to the doctor for more information.Then Mom put down the phone, rubbed her forehead, and suggested that we go for a drive.On the interstate, we passed a board with clear red letters：“Fredericksburg peaches, the best fruit you can find in Central Texas.” Mom went to negotiate with the stand owner. Now in our kitchen, the sweet smell of peach juice drifted into the living room and pulled Dad away from the football game on TV. “Oh! You got peaches？” he eyed the fruit with childish glee (欢喜)． “Here，”I handed him a knife.“We're making peach pie.” I showed him how to peel the skin off.As I made pie dough, he asked questions: How long does it take to bake？Are you adding sugar？How many peaches？What should I do with the seeds？Showing him how to slice, measure and mix them in a calm, firm voice, I suddenly felt grown-up. The summer had reversed our roles.Now, I was the adult.I stayed home all summer, cooked dinner for him, washed his T-shirts and helped him make phone calls.I stayed up late thinking about him and monitored him like an anxious caretaker. The same day, before the afternoon drive and peach pie, I had held back my tears as I read the diagnosis for Pick's disease: four to ten years, depending on how fast the damaged proteins overpower Dad's brain.I decided then that I would be grateful for just four more years with Dad, enough for him to see me become an adult for real. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章以桃子派为引，描写了同甘共苦的亲情。 1．Why did Mom propose a ride? A．To purchase fruit.　 B．To enjoy a trip. C．To release sorrow. D．To consult the doctor. √ 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Mom sent the same text ...rubbed her forehead”可知，爸爸被确诊为皮克氏病后，妈妈情绪低落，据此并结合常识可以推断，妈妈提议去开车兜风是为了排解内心的悲伤。 2．What can we learn about the family from the passage? A．It takes years for Dad to recover. B．The author enjoys the time with Dad. C．Dad shows little interest in football games. D．The author gets annoyed by Dad's questions. √ 解析：推理判断题。根据第六段中作者面对父亲的一连串问题的回应“Showing him how to slice, measure and mix them in a calm, firm voice”和最后一段中的“I would be grateful for just four more years with Dad”可以推断，作者很享受陪伴父亲的时光。 3．Which of the following can best describe this summer for the author? A．Tough and confusing. B．Boring but rewarding. C．Annoying and struggling. D．Painstaking but meaningful. √ 解析：推理判断题。根据第六段中的“I suddenly felt grown-up”和第七段中的“I stayed home all summer ...like an anxious caretaker.”可知，作者照顾确诊的父亲很辛苦，但这个过程也让作者成长，让作者有了陪伴父亲的机会，这是很有意义的。 4．Which of the following can be a suitable title for the passage? A．Peach Pie 　 B．Diagnosis for Dad C．Father and Daughter 　 D．A Plain Summer Day √ 解析：标题归纳题。本文以“filled my home with the sweet smell of peach pie”引入话题，下文讲到了买桃子、做桃子派等事情，且最后一段再次提到“peach pie”，故A项适合作本文的标题。 Ⅱ.完形填空 I started cooking when I was thirteen.Both of my parents worked, so I was usually 5 after school.One day, my parents forgot to 6 dinner before they went to work.As we were short of money, eating out was beyond 7 .So I decided to be the 8 of the day. A few moments later, I 9 to cook fried rice, the best option out of 10 resources, including my cooking knowledge.After 11 a pan on the stove and turning on the heat, it soon began to sizzle.I was so hungry that I 12 and threw everything into the pan all together.In went rice, pieces of meat and vegetables.Little did I know that the 13 of ingredients (原料) was crucial in cooking. I 14 waited for the meat to be thoroughly cooked, but other ingredients were 15 . At first, I mistook it as steam from cooking, but I soon 16 something went horribly wrong when smoke 17 to fill the kitchen. Later that day, my mother told me，“You cannot rush yourself when cooking.” Rather, I should take steps, turning to the basics, such as learning about the ingredients and 18 the recipe. I've learned that the first 19 seems hard but we should just start and let the journey teach us. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者第一次做饭的经历，并由此得到一个教训：有些事情的第一步似乎挺难，但是我们不妨着手去做，在实践中成长。 5．A.alone　　　　　　　 B．energetic C．anxious D．excited 解析：根据上文中的“Both of my parents worked”可知，此处指作者在放学后通常是独自一人。 √ 6．A.enjoy B．prepare C．serve D．take 解析：根据下文描述可知，作者决定自己做饭，因此此处指作者的父母在去上班之前忘了准备晚餐。 √ 7．A.expectation B．control C．description D．budget 解析：根据上文中的“we were short of money”可知，此处指出去吃饭不在他们的预算之内。budget“预算”。 √ 8．A.owner B．ruler C．chef D．researcher 解析：根据下文描述可知，作者决定自己做饭。故此处指作者决定当这一天的厨师。 √ 9．A.agreed B．decided C．failed D．switched 解析：根据语境可知，此处指作者决定做炒饭。 √ 10．A.various B．delicious C．pricey D．limited 解析：根据上文中的“we were short of money”以及下文中的“including my cooking knowledge”可知，此处指有限的资源。 √ 11．A.placing B．covering C．washing D．breaking 解析：根据下文中的“on the stove”和常识可知，此处指把一个平底锅放在炉子上。 √ 12．A.quit B．slept C．rushed D．collapsed 解析：根据上文中的“I was so hungry”以及下文中的“You cannot rush yourself when cooking”可知，此处指作者急匆匆地把每样东西都扔进了锅里，rush符合语境。 √ 13．A.standard B．order C．quality D．amount 解析：根据上文中的“threw everything into the pan all together”以及下文中的“I should take steps, turning to the basics”可知，此处指在烹饪中，食材的顺序是至关重要的。 √ 14．A.proudly B．unconsciously C．fearfully D．eagerly 解析：根据语境可知，此处指作者急切地等着肉熟透。 √ 15．A.burning B．exploding C．disappearing D．mixing 解析：根据下文中的“when smoke to fill the kitchen”可知，此处指其他食材都烧焦了。 √ 16．A.insisted B．declared C．grasped D．explained 解析：根据下文中的“something went horribly wrong”可知，此处指作者很快就发现有些不对劲了。grasp“领会，明白”。 √ 17．A.stopped B．reduced C．existed D．emerged 解析：根据下文中的“fill the kitchen”可知，此处指烟从锅里面冒出来了。 √ 18．A.working on B．fixing on C．referring to D．contributing to 解析：根据上文中的“turning to the basics”以及下文中的“the recipe”可知，此处指参考菜谱。 √ 19．A.race B．try C．route D．ride 解析：根据上文可知，此处指第一次尝试似乎挺难。 √ Ⅲ.语法填空 Sometimes when we eat, what we're hungry for isn't food — it's the taste of the memory.Studies show that foods we think of 1 comfort foods don't contain any magical properties.What might be comforting 2 (be) the feeling of closeness to other people they can bring. Thoughts about comfort foods 3 (link) to calories, warmth or a sense of well-being.But what we don't think about is that comfort foods also provide something social for us, according to Shira Gabriel, 4 associate professor of psychology at the State University of New York — Buffalo.Gabriel's study found that people 5 have strong bonds with others are more likely to use comfort foods after an argument or other emotionally 6 (stress) occasions. Comfort foods are often thought to be rich in calories or full of sugar.Nevertheless, other studies have also 7 (evident) shown that the line between comfort and food isn't as clear as “junk food ＝ happiness”. 8 (eat) so-called “junk food” does activate the 9 (brain) reward system, but the happiness is short-lived because it's not the deep reward of real comfort. But there is something in the ability of comfort foods 10 (arouse) the belonging and memory.Taste and smell stay fresh for a long time. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。研究表明治愈系食物并没有什么神奇的特性，令人感到慰藉的可能是它们带来的和其他人的亲近感。 1．as　考查介词。think of ...as ...意为“把……看作……”，为固定搭配，故填as。 2．is　考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空前为主语从句，空处作主句的谓语。结合语境可知，此处讲述的是客观事实，时态为一般现在时；单个的从句作主语时谓语动词用单数。故填is。 3．are linked　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。结合上下文可知，此处陈述客观事实，时态为一般现在时；主语Thoughts与link之间是被动关系，且主语为复数，故填are linked。 4．an　考查冠词。分析句子结构可知，此处作Shira Gabriel的同位语，是对其身份的介绍，表泛指，且associate以元音音素开头，故填an。 5．who/that　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为表示人的名词people，从句中缺少主语，故填who/that。 6．stressful　考查形容词。空处修饰后面的名词occasions，需用形容词，此处意为“令人在情感上感到压力大的其他场景”，故填stressful。 7．evidently　考查副词。空处修饰动词，需用副词，故填evidently。 8．Eating　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，“ so-called ‘junk food’”为非谓语动词短语作主语，且表示“吃所谓的垃圾食品”，故填Eating。注意首字母大写。 9．brain's　考查名词所有格。分析句子结构可知，此处修饰空后的名词短语reward system，且含所属关系，表示“大脑的”，故填brain's。 10．to arouse　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处是不定式作后置定语修饰ability，故填to arouse。 本课结束 归纳点拨 (1)vary from ...to ...从……到……变化 vary with ... 随着……而变化 vary in ... 在……方面不同/变化 (2)variety n. 不同种类，变化，多样性；变种，变体 (3)various adj. 不同的，各种各样的 (一般用于名词前) 轻巧识记 The temperature varies from 24℃ to 30℃. 温度在24摄氏度至30摄氏度之间变化。 $$