UNIT 2 Section Ⅳ Learning About Language Using Language新知学习一课过(课件PPT)-【新课程学案】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（人教版2019）

Section Ⅳ Learning About LanguageUsing Language 新知学习一课过 NO 1 积词汇/由记准到用活 NO 2 通句式/由规则到熟用 NO 3 课时跟踪检测 目 录 新学词汇·归类记清 一、阅读单词——知其义 1.commit a crime　　　　　 犯___ 2．artificial intelligence 智能 3．clone the animal 动物 4．her deceased mother 她 母亲 No.1 积词汇/由记准到用活 罪 人工 克隆 已故的 5．in the rural areas 在 地区 6．career plans 规划 7．a bright prospect 一个光明的_____ 8．the second paragraph 第二___ 9．refreshing signpost 醒目的_____ 10．the whole essay 整篇_____ 农村 职业 前景 段 路标 文章 二、重点单词——写其形 1．the weather 天气预报 2． the idea 反对这种想法 3． you must take a sleep　 因此，你必须休息 4． to struggle 停止奋斗 5． green lifestyles 倡导环保的生活方式 forecast oppose hence cease advocate combine combination predict prediction occupy occupation absent absence emphasis emphasize luxury luxurious resist resistance accurate accuracy library librarian 四、拓展构词——明其规 1．combination：“v.(去e)＋-ation”→n. [依“规”串记] ①civilisation　　文明　　 ②imagination　想象 ③invitation 邀请 ④examination 检查 ⑤congratulation 祝贺　　 2．resistance：“v.＋-ance”→n. [依“规”串记] ①allowance　　　　　　 津贴；补助 ②annoyance 烦恼 ③appearance 外表；样子 ④acquaintance 认识；熟人 ⑤assistance 帮助；援助　　 五、高级词块——通其用 1． 　 (与……)保持联系； 了解(某课题或领域的情况) 2． 毫不例外 3． 闲逛，消磨时光 4． 因……而道歉 5． 一方面 keep in touch (with) be no exception hang out apologise for on the one hand 6． 另一方面 7． 在……不在时 8． 强调 9． 由……制成 10． 让某人放心 11． 有点，在某种程度上 12． 总之 on the other hand in the absence of place emphasis on be made from put one's mind at rest kind of all in all 重点词汇·深化学习 1．Care will also be taken to combine the building and surrounding architecture together to form an effective system. 还应注意将这栋楼和周围的建筑结合起来，形成一个有效的系统。 ★combine vt.&vi.(使)结合；混合；(使)联合 [用法感知] ①(“建议”类写作佳句)It's vital that you should try to combine exercise with a balanced diet. 你应该尽力将锻炼和均衡的饮食结合起来，这是至关重要的。 ②In sum, theory must be combined with practice. 总之，理论必须同实践相结合。 [归纳点拨] (1)combine ...with/and ... 把……与……结合起来 be combined with 与……结合/联合 (2)combination n. 结合(体)；联合(体) in combination (with) (与……)联合/结合 [应用融会] (1)单句语法填空 ③He carried on the business in (combine) with his friends. ④I tried to persuade him to combine study relaxation, but in vain. combination with/and (2)一句多译 美丽的风景结合宜人的气候和美味的食物，使我们的旅行更加愉快。 ⑤The beautiful scenery,_____________________________________ ____, made our visit more enjoyable.(combine) ⑥ , the beautiful scenery made our visit more enjoyable.(combination) combined with pleasant climate and tasty In combination with pleasant climate and tasty food food 2．Words such as predict, prediction, and forecast, are also used quite often when making predictions. 像predict, prediction 和forecast这样的单词在进行预测时也经常使用。 ★predict vt.预测；预言；预料 [用法感知] ①It was predicted that the temperature of the next month would continue to fall. 据预报，下个月的温度将继续下降。 ②(“报道”类写作佳句)The hurricane is predicted to reach the south coast tomorrow morning. 预计飓风将于明天早晨登陆南海岸。 ③It's difficult to make accurate predictions about the effects on the environment. 很难准确预测对环境产生的影响。 [归纳点拨] (1)It is predicted that ... 据预测……；据预报…… be predicted to do sth. 预测做某事 as is predicted 正如预测的那样 (2)prediction n. 预测；预言 make predictions about ...　 对……进行预测 (3)predictable adj. 可预测的 [应用融会]　(单句语法填空/完成句子) ④Senior citizens long for a more (predict) and secure future. ⑤He was unwilling to make a (predict) about which books would sell in the coming year. ⑥ he is likely to make great achievements in these areas. 据预测，他有可能在这些领域里取得巨大的成就。 predictable prediction It is predicted that 3．occupation n．职业；占领；消遣；(土地、房屋等的)占用 [用法感知] ①When I grow up, I want to choose an occupation to serve the people. 当我长大后，我想选择一个为人民服务的职业。 ②(“动作描写”写作佳句) The twins were occupying themselves in cleaning up the kitchen while their father was occupied with the breakfast. 这对双胞胎忙着打扫厨房，而他们的父亲忙着做早餐。 ③(“道歉”类写作佳句)I'm sorry to tell you that I can't accompany you to the bookstore this Saturday，as I am occupied in preparing for an upcoming examination. 我很抱歉地告诉你，这个周六我不能陪你去书店，因为我正忙着准备即将到来的考试。 [归纳点拨] (1)occupy vt.　　 　 　 占用；占据；占领；使忙于 occupy sb./oneself (in) doing sth. 使某人/自己忙于做某事 occupy sb./oneself with sth. 使某人/自己忙于某事 (2)occupied adj. 被占领的；使用中的 be occupied (in) doing sth.　 忙于做某事 be occupied with sth. 忙于某事 [应用融会]　 (1)单句语法填空 ④I suppose I am looking for an (occupy) which motivates me to be positive. ⑤He would have attended your birthday party, but he occupied_______ (him) with an important experiment. ⑥She (occupy) in looking after three children at home, so she has no time to take part in various activities in the club. occupation himself is occupied (2)一句多译 他们忙着制作和销售爆米花，无暇玩耍。 ⑦ , they spared no time to play around.(现在分词短语作状语) ⑧ , they spared no time to play around.(过去分词短语作状语) Occupying themselves (in) making and selling popcorn Occupied (in) making and selling popcorn 4．In the article, various people said that the public should oppose the idea of developing driverless cars. 在这篇报道中，多位人士表示公众应该反对发展无人驾驶汽车这一想法。 ★oppose vt.反对；抵制；阻挠 [用法感知] ①(“遗产保护”写作佳句) To sum up, most of the students oppose the idea, and they think it is important to protect the historical site. 综上所述，大多数学生反对这个想法，他们认为保护历史遗迹很重要。 ②Although many people are opposed to clone technology，others believe that it can be an effective way of protecting endangered species. 虽然许多人反对克隆技术，但另外一些人认为这是保护濒危物种的一种有效的方式。 [应用融会]　(单句语法填空/完成句子) ③We oppose (use) this unusual technique to clone humans. ④I am opposed to (go) shopping on Sundays for it is too crowded. ⑤ , an activity has been launched to call on us students to save food.(with复合结构) 由于全国反对浪费食物，一项呼吁我们学生节约食物的活动被发起。 using going With the nation opposing wasting food ⑥Once my English was so poor that some people advised me to abandon it. ，she spared no effort to help me and encouraged me to continue. 曾经我的英语很差，以至于有些人建议我放弃。与其他人相反，她竭尽全力地去帮助我，并鼓励我继续下去。 As opposed to others 5．On the one hand, there are many different groups of people around the world who live happily in the absence of new technology. 一方面，世界上有许多不同群体的人，在没有新技术的情况下依然过着幸福的生活。 ★absence n．不存在；缺乏；缺席 [用法感知] ①The reason for my absence was that my mother fell ill at that time. 我缺席的原因是我母亲当时病了。 ②(“告知”类写作佳句) During/In your absence, our class participated in an English oral competition, in which we came first. 在你不在的时候，我们班参加了一场英语口语比赛，我们获得了第一名。 ③He was absent from the interview, as a result of which, he lost the chance of being admitted to the key college. 他没有参加面试，因此失去了被重点大学录取的机会。 [归纳点拨] (1)in the absence of　　　　 不在；缺少 in/during one's absence 某人不在时 absence of mind 心不在焉 (2)absent adj. 缺席的；不在的；心不在焉的 be absent from 不参加；缺席；缺少 (3)absent-minded adj. 心不在焉的；健忘的 [应用融会]　 (1)单句语法填空 ④In the (absent) of anybody more experienced, I took command. ⑤When my father came back home, my mother told him what had happened his absence. absence during/in (2)完成句子 ⑥ , they spent extra time helping me. 当我缺课时，他们花额外的时间帮助我。 ⑦ , she was still a kind and nice mom. 尽管妈妈总是心不在焉、健忘，但她仍然是一个和蔼可亲的妈妈。 When I was absent from school Despite Mom's being absent-minded and forgetful 6．They advocate a simple life with an emphasis on hard work, family, and community. 他们提倡简朴的生活，强调实干、家庭和社区。 ★advocate vt.提倡；支持；拥护n.提倡者；支持者；拥护者 [用法感知] ①(“语言学习”类写作佳句) Therefore, I advocate everybody give it a try when it comes to learning English. 因此，我提倡每个人在学习英语时都要试一试。 ②(“环保”类写作佳句)In addition, they advocate recycling water and saving energy as much as they can. 此外，他们提倡尽可能多地循环利用水和节约能源。 ③It is advocated that smoking should be banned in school. 人们提倡在学校禁止吸烟。 [归纳点拨] advocate (doing) sth.　　　 提倡(做)某事 advocate that ...(should) do ... 提倡/主张……做……(从句用虚拟语气) It is advocated that ...(should) do ... 人们主张/提倡……做……(从句用虚拟语气) [应用融会]　 (1)单句语法填空 ④Many experts advocate (reward) your child for good behaviour. ⑤It is advocated that this bad consequence (state) to the public. rewarding (should) be stated (2)句型转换 ⑥We advocate that we quit smoking to keep fit. →We in order to keep fit. advocate quitting smoking 7．Moreover, the Internet has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides of the world. 此外，互联网使朋友和家人即使天各一方也能轻松保持联系。 ★keep in touch (with ...) (与……)保持联系；了解(某课题或领域的情况) [用法感知] ①Keeping in touch with our friends is an important part of friendship. 与我们的朋友保持联系是友谊的重要组成部分。 ②It occurred to me that we should get in touch with the manager. 我突然想起我们应该与经理取得联系。 ③We've been out of touch with the psychologist for years now. 我们至今已有数年未与那位心理学家联系了。 归纳点拨 get in touch with ...　　　　与……取得联系(表示动作) be in touch with ... 与……一直有联系(表示状态) lose touch with ... 与……失去联系(表示动作) be out of touch with ... 与……失去联系(表示状态) 语境串记 I kept/was in touch with my college classmates for about ten years. Unfortunately, when I lost my mobile phone, I lost touch with them.Later, I got in touch with them online after we were out of touch for about half a year. 我与大学同学保持了大约十年的联系。不幸的是，当我丢了手机后，我与他们失去了联系。后来，在失去联系大约半年后，我在网上与他们取得了联系。 续表 [应用融会]　(完成句子) ④It is of equal importance for us to meet personally although we . 尽管我们以多种方式保持联系，但亲自见面还是同样重要。 ⑤Thanks to the convenience of the social media, I can______________ ______________all the time. 由于社交媒体的便利，我可以随时与朋友保持联系。 have been in touch in various ways keep in touch with my friends ⑥After he moved to Beijing, he John. 他搬到北京之后，和约翰失去了联系。 lost touch with 8.Nevertheless, I will always look on the positive side of change and accept it rather than resist it. 然而，我将始终着眼于变革的积极一面，接受变革，而不是抗拒变革。 ★resist vi.& vt.抵制；反抗；抵挡；忍住；忍耐 [用法感知] ①He found it hard to resist buying these books. 他发现忍住不买这些书很难。 ②Some people are very resistant to the idea, which is not wise. 有些人十分反对这个观点，这是不明智的。 ③We should break down all resistance to reach our goal. 我们应克服一切阻力来实现我们的目标。 归纳点拨 (1)resist doing sth.　　 反对做某事 can't resist doing sth. 禁不住做某事 (2)resistant adj. 对……有抵抗力的 be resistant to 对……有抵抗力 (3)resistance n. 抵制；反对；抗拒 resistance to 对……的抵抗 名师点津 resist表示“忍耐；忍住”时，通常用于否定句。 [应用融会]　(单句语法填空/完成句子) ④When staying with them，he couldn't resist (play) a joke on them. ⑤I prefer the plants that are (resist) to bad climate. ⑥We should take exercise to build up (resist) to disease. playing resistant resistance ⑦When shopping, people often something they don't really need. 购物时，人们经常忍不住买一些他们并不真正需要的东西。 can't resist buying No.2 通句式/由规则到熟用 1．They have lived mainly as farmers since the 18th century, and they will probably be living the same way in the distant future. 自十八世纪以来，他们基本上过着农夫的生活，而且在遥远的将来，他们的生活方式可能依然如此。 激活已学语法——将来进行时 句中“will be living”是将来进行时态，它表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作，或现在正在进行的动作将来会继续下去。 [应用融会]　(完成句子) ①My family when you arrive this evening. 今天晚上当你到达时，我的家人将在吃晚餐。 ②I think that she until next morning. 我想她会一直做这个实验到第二天早上。 will be having dinner will be working on this experiment 2．Moreover, the Internet has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides of the world. 此外，互联网使朋友和家人即使天各一方也能轻松保持联系。 句中make it＋adj.＋for sb.to do sth.意为“使某人做某事是……”。此结构中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是动词不定式。 “两层级”学通用活句式 (1)通过“句式变换”弄明句式结构 (改为it作形式宾语结构) ①The weather condition at that time made driving vehicles dangerous. →The weather condition at that time . made it dangerous to drive vehicles ②As I drew nearer to her, my throat tightened, making speaking impossible. →As I drew nearer to her, my throat tightened, ___________________ . making it impossible to speak (2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用 ③上课之前，你最好做好充分准备并且对唐朝历史有一个简单的了解，这会使你上起课来更容易。 You'd better make full preparations before class and have a brief understanding of the history of the Tang Dynasty, _________________ . which makes it easier for you to go through the class ④他梦想着奥运会可以让各国人民肩并肩地和平相处。 He dreamt that the Olympics would______________________________ ______________side by side in peace. make it possible for people of all countries to live No.3 课时跟踪检测 [语言基础训练] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．She (停止) her struggle the instant I picked her up. 2．You should pay more attention to the roadside (路标) when you drive. ceased signposts 3．He was a (乡村的) mail carrier, and on Saturdays he would ask me to go with him. 4．They were having an (文章) competition and the topic was an experience of a lifetime. 5．Good understanding among friends makes each other's life colorful, (职业) successful. rural essay career 6． (人工的) Intelligence is called one of the three advanced technologies in the world. 7．If the weather (预报) is good, my family will drive to the countryside for a weekend break. 8． (因此), it is worthwhile for us to put down our mobile phones and immerse ourselves in the romance of camping. Artificial forecast Hence 9．I accepted my father's suggestion that I should become a doctor, though the (前景) I'm not sure at all. 10．These grief quotes will help you not only honor the (亡故的), but also heal your heart and strengthen you. prospect deceased Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．Earthquake (predict) is still a young science. 2．The body is stimulated to build up (resist)． 3．Please write your name, address and (occupy) on the form. prediction resistance occupation 4．The most (luxury) thing in the world is to take a dream as reality. 5．We both strongly oppose you (go) to the country at this time of year. 6．In the (absent) of fresh air, people may start to feel sick, especially when exercising. luxurious going absence 7．Tom advocated that attention (pay) to protecting our environment. 8．The (library), who is a short, middle-aged man, saved the rare books from the fire. (should)be paid librarian 9．He placed great (emphasize) on the importance of family life and ties. 10．When we talk to Englishmen, we can't express ourselves with great (accurate) and fluency. emphasis accuracy Ⅲ.选词填空 keep in touch with， on the one hand， be resistant to， in the absence of， be opposed to 1．They'll contain more vitamins and pests. 2． their teacher, all students paid attention to their assignments. 3．This school allows parents to their kids' online activities. are resistant to In the absence of keep in touch with 4．Jane's parents her marriage, because they couldn't tolerate her marrying a foreigner. 5． , it brings us great profit.On the other hand, it has a bad effect on the environment. were opposed to On the one hand Ⅳ.完成句子 1．Once you start playing video games, it ________________________ . 一旦你开始玩视频游戏，你就很难集中精力学习。 2．I need a cell phone to . 我需要一部手机与我的朋友和家人保持联系。 makes it hard for you to keep in touch with my friends and family focus on your studies 3． the demand for energy in the next decade will double. 据预测，(人们)对能源的需求在今后十年间将成倍增长。 4．So far, our school_________________________________successfully. 到目前为止，我们学校已经成功组织了几次英语活动。 It is predicted that has organized several English activities 5．Learning English as a foreign language is very difficult .(absence) 在没有当地的语言环境下，将英语作为一门外语来学习是很难的。 in the absence of a native language environment [语篇综合训练] Ⅰ.完形填空 What would happen if the human brain was connected to a powerful computer? That is what Kevin Warwick, a professor at the University of Reading, UK, 1 to find out.“I want to have a go at completely changing what it means to be 2 ，” he says. Soon he will have an 3 .A glass tube will be placed around a group of nerves in his arm.Inside the tube there will be tiny computer circuits.These will 4 messages being sent to the brain and send them to a computer. “Pain provides a clear electronic signal on the nervous system as it moves from its 5 of origin to the brain.We want to find out what happens if that signal is sent to the computer and then played back again.Will I feel the 6 pain？” says Kevin Warwick. It is not just about 7 .The human nervous system sends a wide variety of other messages to the brain, so there could be many different 8 .The computer could provide the eyes for a blind person.Anxious or depressed people are often given drugs to make them feel 9 .But what if they could download feelings of happiness directly into their minds? Imagine you are thousands of miles away from your loved ones.You love them and 10 to be back with them.Then you store these 11 on a computer and send them to your family as an e-mail. Professor Warwick believes that the success of his new experiment could lead to the evolution of humans.A human will be one 12 to use the memory and mathematical power of the computer.He or she will be able to communicate thoughts and feelings 13 across the planet using the Internet.People have used their intelligence to create increasingly intelligent 14 .Has the time now come for the two to 15 together? 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Kevin Warwick教授即将做的实验——将人类的大脑与一台功能强大的计算机相连，并相信，实验的成功会导致人类的进化。 √ 1．A.manages B．helps C．intends D．tends 解析：根据上文“What would happen if the human brain was connected to a powerful computer？”可知，教授打算(intends)查明这个问题的答案。 √ 2．A.advanced B．human C．artificial D．competitive 解析：根据上文“What would happen if the human brain was connected to a powerful computer？”可知，让人脑与电脑相连将改变作为人类的含义。 √ 3．A.operation B．adjustment C．assessment D．examination 解析：根据下文“A glass tube will be placed around a group of nerves in his arm.”可知，他将做一个手术(operation)。 √ 4．A.give off B．turn into C．pick up D．make up 解析：根据空后“messages being sent to the brain and send them to a computer”可知，此处指接收发送到大脑的信号，并将信号发送到电脑。give off“发出”；turn into“变成”；pick up“接收；捡起”；make up“组成”。 √ 5．A.level B．space C．moment D．point 解析：point of origin“(疼痛的)起点、原点”。此处指从疼痛的起点到大脑。 √ 6．A.awful B．usual C．same D．slight 解析：根据上文“Pain provides a clear electronic signal on the nervous system as it moves”可知，疼痛在神经系统运动时提供清晰的电子信号，这里是猜测是否能感受到相同的疼痛。 √ 7．A.signals B．pain C．brain D．messages 解析：根据后一句“The human nervous system sends a wide variety of other messages to the brain”可知，神经系统不只是传送疼痛，也向大脑发送其他的各种各样的信息。 √ 8．A.explanations B．applications C．systems D．problems 解析：根据上文“The human nervous system sends a wide variety of other messages to the brain”可知，人类神经有不同的应用(applications)。 √ 9．A.better B．stronger C．wiser D．worse 解析：根据空前的“Anxious or depressed people are often given drugs”可知，此处是指给焦虑或抑郁的人药物，让他们不那么焦虑和抑郁，即让他们感觉更好些。 √ 10．A.prefer B．agree C．long D．refuse 解析：根据上文“Imagine you are thousands of miles away from your loved ones.You love them”可知，你渴望(long)回到遥远的所爱的人的身边。 √ 11．A.feelings B．greetings C．requests D．memories 解析：上文中的anxious，depressed和happiness都是感受，指把这些感受储存在计算机上。 √ 12．A.able B．willing C．born D．afraid 解析：根据下文的“He or she will be able to communicate thoughts and feelings”可知，人类将能够使用计算机的内存和数学能力。 √ 13．A.indirectly B．separately C．directly D．purposelessly 解析：人脑与电脑相连，人与人之间就可以直接(directly)通过互联网交流思想感情了。 √ 14．A.worlds B．machines C．websites D．bodies 解析：根据上文“Then you store these on a computer and send them to your family as an e-mail.”可知，此处 machines指“computers”。 √ 15．A.learn B．meet C．develop D．join 解析：根据上文“A human will be one to use the memory and mathematical power of the computer.”可知，此处是指到了将电脑和人脑连接起来共同解决问题的时候了。 Ⅱ.语法填空 Scientists have proposed several objectives for a future international lunar research station, 1 (include) moon-based Earth observation and lunar resource utilization (利用), the China Science Daily 2 (report) on Friday. Zou Yongliao, head of the lunar and deep space exploration division of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, revealed the goals at a recent 3 (nation) space conference.China plans 4 (establish) a basic model for a lunar research station based on two planned exploration missions by 2028, and 5 (subsequent) expand it into an international one. According to Zou, as scientists continue to develop the blueprint for the research station, they have already made progress by coming up 6 specific objectives for science and application.These objectives mainly involve studying the moon's evolution (进化), exploring star formation and 7 (activity), and observing the Sun and Earth from the moon. Zou also mentioned the 8 (perform) of scientific experiments, like growing plants on the lunar surface, and the utilization of lunar resources, such as moon minerals 9 solar energy.The scientist noted that the moon is still the “main field” of deep space exploration and the construction of an international lunar research station was 10 historical necessity. 语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了科学家们为未来的国际月球研究站提出了几个目标，包括月球对地观测和月球资源利用。 1．including　考查介词。句意：据《中国科学报》周五报道，科学家们为未来的国际月球研究站提出了几个目标，包括月球对地观测和月球资源利用。根据句意，此处用including“包括”构成介词短语作状语，故填including。 2．reported　考查动词时态。 分析句子可知，report在句中作谓语，再由时间状语on Friday可知，应用一般过去时。 3．national　考查形容词。修饰名词用形容词作定语，故填national。 4．to establish　考查非谓语动词。plan后接不定式作宾语，故填to establish。 5．subsequently　考查副词。修饰动词用副词作状语，故填subsequently。 6．with　考查介词。come up with“提出”，是固定短语。 7．activities　考查名词复数。分析句子可知，此处用名词与star formation并列作宾语，activity是可数名词，前无限定词，应用复数，表泛指，故填activities。 8．performance　考查名词。定冠词the后应填名词形式，在句中作宾语，performance“表现”为不可数名词，故填performance。 9．and　考查连词。前后文之间是并列关系，故填并列连词and。 10．a　考查冠词。此处泛指“一个历史需要”，用不定冠词，historical是以辅音音素开头的词，故填a。 三、活用单词——悉其变 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. [归纳点拨] (1)oppose (2)opposed adj.　　 　　反对的；对立的 be opposed to ... 反对……； 与……相对(to为介词) as opposed to ... 与……相反；而不是 $$