UNIT 1 Section Ⅱ “Reading and Thinking”的新知学习环节(课件PPT)-【新课程学案】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（人教版2019）

Section Ⅱ “Reading and Thinking”的新知学习环节 NO 1 积词汇/由记准到用活 NO 2 通句式/由规则到熟用 NO 3 课时跟踪检测 目 录 新学词汇·归类记清 一、阅读单词——知其义 1．be called artemisinin　　　　 被称为_______ 2．the treatment for malaria 的治疗 3．medical properties 药用_____ No.1 积词汇/由记准到用活 青蒿素 疟疾 性能 4．extract DNA from the bone 从骨头中 DNA 5．sweet wormwood 青___ 6．sour liquid 酸性_____ 提取 蒿 液体 二、重点单词——写其形 1．a new treatment 一种至关重要的新疗法 2． temporary employment 获得临时雇用 3． 承认失败 4．be used for 主要用于 crucial obtain acknowledge defeat mostly Physiology physiological physiologist vital vitality committed commit commitment Academy academic objective object botanical botany evaluate evaluation distinct distinctive distinction boil boiling boiled analyse analysis apparently apparent substance substantial insist insistent insistence scientific science scientist 四、拓展构词——明其规 1．apparently：“adj.＋-ly”→adv. [依“规”串记] ①mostly　　　　　　　 主要地；一般地 ②actually 事实上；的确 ③obviously 显然；明显地 ④extremely 极其；非常 ⑤immediately 立刻　　 2．botanical：“botany变y为i＋-cal”→adj. [依“规”串记] ①historical　　　　 历史的；历史学的 ②biological 生物的；生物学的 ③economical 经济的；经济学的 ④astronomical 天体的；天文学的 ⑤archaeological 考古学的　　 五、高级词块——通其用 1．____________________________________ 承诺；保证 (做某事、遵守协议或安排等) 2． 　　　　　　　 坚决要求 3． 注意；重视 4． 导致；造成(后果) commit oneself to (sth./doing sth./do sth.) insist on pay attention to lead to 5． 死于…… 6． 偶然；意外地 7． 在……方面成功 8． 从……毕业 9． 开始 10． 取出；拟订；提取 die from by chance succeed in graduate from in the beginning draw out 重点词汇·深化学习 1．Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria, and is thought to save 100,000 lives a year in Africa alone. 青蒿素成了抗疟疾药物的关键成分，据估计每年仅在非洲就挽救了10万人的性命。 ★vital adj.必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的 [用法感知] ①(主旨升华句)It is vital that we should be in a good state of mind in the face of failure. 面对失败，我们要有良好的心态，这很重要。 ②I am busy preparing for my final exam, which is vital for/to me, so I cannot keep the appointment. 我正忙于准备期末考试，这对我来说很重要，所以我不能赴约。 归纳点拨 be vital for/to ...　　　 对……极为重要 It is vital to do sth. 做某事是很重要的 be of vital importance to ... 对……至关重要 It is vital that sb.(should) do sth. 某人做某事是极其重要的 名师点津 在句型“It is vital that ...”中，从句谓语动词要用虚拟语气， 即“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。 [应用融会]　 (单句语法填空/完成句子) ③Under no circumstances will I miss this precious opportunity, which is vital importance to my future development. ④It is vital for everyone (know) some knowledge of first aid. ⑤Besides, in China when you attend a dinner party. 此外，在中国，当你参加晚宴时，注意餐桌礼仪是至关重要的。 of to know it's vital that you (should) mind your table manners 2. Tu Youyou, a committed and patient scientist, was born in Ningbo, China, on 30 December 1930 ... 屠呦呦，这位尽职尽责、锲而不舍的科学家1930年12月30日出生于中国宁波…… ★committed adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的 [用法感知] ①(“人物描写”写作佳句)Mr White is a committed teacher, who gains great popularity among students. 怀特先生是一位尽职尽责的老师，很受学生们欢迎。 ②(“倡议”类写作佳句)I advocated that we should commit ourselves to building low-carbon campus. 我倡议我们应该致力于建设低碳校园。 ③(“心理描写”写作佳句)Patty made a commitment in her mind, not just to tennis, but to the effort required for success. 帕蒂在心里下定决心，不仅要打网球，还要努力取得成功。 [归纳点拨] (1)be committed to (doing) sth.　献身于/致力于(做)某事 (2)commit vt. 承诺；保证；做出(错或非法的事)； 　 犯(罪或错等) vi. 忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活动等) commit oneself to (sth./doing sth./do sth.) 承诺；保证 (做某事、遵守协议或安排等) commit ...to ...　　　　　 投入……于…… commit a mistake 犯错误 (3)commitment n. 承诺；奉献；投入 make a commitment 作出承诺；下决心 [应用融会]　 (单句语法填空/完成句子) ④Because Tu Youyou (commit) to doing medical research, she is thought highly of by the world. ⑤It is her (commit)to teaching and happiness of being a teacher that motivate me. ⑥I strongly suggest you commit an hour a day reading English, which can gradually improve your oral English. is committed commitment to ⑦As for major activities, regularly, we commit ourselves to___________ (raise) funds and donations for those in need. ⑧I in front of so many people, my face red with embarrassment. 我在如此多的人面前犯了一个愚蠢的错误，满脸窘得通红。 raising/raise committed a silly mistake 3．However, Tu Youyou would not acknowledge defeat. 然而，屠呦呦并不认输。 ★acknowledge vt.承认(属实、权威等)；认可；跟……打招呼；理会；(公开)感谢；告知收到 [用法感知] (写出下列各句中acknowledge的汉语意思) ①He acknowledged me by lifting his hat. _____________ ②Don't forget to acknowledge those who planned the party. ____ ③(2023·全国甲卷书面表达)Among the Chinese historical figures that are widely acknowledged, Fan Zhongyan is the most influential in my opinion. _____ 跟……打招呼 感谢 认可 [归纳点拨] (1)acknowledge doing/having done sth.　　 承认做了某事 acknowledge that ... 承认…… acknowledge ...as/to be ... 认为……是…… It is universally/widely acknowledged that ... 人们公认…… (2)acknowledgement n. 承认；感谢 in acknowledgement (of sth.) 感谢/承认(某事) [应用融会] (1)单句语法填空/完成句子 ④English is acknowledged the language of business, science, IT and the Internet around the world. ⑤She waved at David and he nodded his head in_________________ (acknowledge), even though he knew she was too far away. as acknowledgement ⑥Tom acknowledged in the competition, which made us quite depressed. 汤姆承认在比赛中被击败了，这使我们很沮丧。 (2)句型转换 ⑦People acknowledge that life consists of not only sunshine but also storms. → life consists of not only sunshine but also storms.(用it作形式主语改写句子) being/having been defeated It is universally acknowledged that ★defeat n．失败；挫败vt.击败；战胜 [用法感知] ①(主旨升华句)Barriers to success can't defeat us.Instead, they can only make us stronger. 通往成功路上的障碍不能打败我们，相反，它们只会让我们更强大。 [易混辨析]　 defeat, beat, win defeat 只接人作宾语，既可指比赛中，也可指战争中“击败”敌军或入侵者 beat 只接人作宾语，侧重于比赛中击败对手 win 接事或物时，表示“荣获，赢得”，宾语常为比赛、战斗、奖品等 [应用融会] (1)选词填空(defeat/beat/win) ②“We have the race! We are the champion！” they shouted and cheered. ③Being is often a temporary condition but giving up is what makes it permanent. ④Robbie his rival in the 100-meter dash by 0.3 seconds. won defeated beat/defeated (2)完成句子 ⑤We ought to know that is common in our life journey. 我们应该知道遭受失败是我们人生旅途中很常见的事情。 suffering a defeat 4. She concluded that boiling the sweet wormwood apparently destroyed its medical properties. 她得出结论，认为水煎青蒿显然破坏了它的药学属性。 ★apparently adv.显而易见；看来；显然 [用法感知] ①(2023·浙江1月高考)Apparently, a good deed deserves another one. 显然，一件好事值得再做。 ②(“神态描写”写作佳句)Even in her apparent pain, she managed to greet me with a smile. 即使在她明显的痛苦中，她还是设法微笑着向我打招呼。 [归纳点拨] apparent adj. 显而易见的；表面上的；显然的 It is apparent that ...　　　 很显然…… It is apparent from ...that ...　　　 从……可以明显看出…… It is apparent to sb.that ... 在某人看来很明显…… [应用融会]　 (单句语法填空/完成句子) ③ (apparent), my thought was starting to come into reality, as the waves started picking up even more. ④ he has made great progress. 很显然，他取得了很大的进步。 ⑤ living in a small town is more comfortable. 对我们来说，很明显，住在小城镇更舒适。 Apparently It is apparent that It is apparent to us that 5. Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted on testing the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe. 屠呦呦与团队成员甚至坚持以身试药，以确保药物的安全性。 ★insist vi.&vt.坚持；坚决要求 [用法感知] ①David insisted on running as if he had forgotten all his weaknesses, though he was tripped over within a few kilometres. 大卫坚持跑步，好像他忘记了所有的弱点，尽管他在几公里内被绊倒了。 ②(“神态描写”写作佳句)Mom insisted that we go camping in the next village, her eyes twinkling with excitement. 妈妈坚持要求我们在下一个村庄露营，她的眼中闪烁着兴奋的光芒。 归纳点拨 insist on sth./doing sth.坚决要求某物/做某事 insist that ...坚决要求……；坚持认为…… 名师点津 insist意为“坚持要求；坚决主张”时，其宾语从句中谓语要用虚拟语气，即“(should＋)动词原形”；意为“坚持认为；坚持说”时，从句谓语用陈述语气。 [应用融会]　 (单句语法填空/完成句子) ③However, he was so stubborn that he disagreed with us and insisted___ his decision. ④The teacher insisted that _____________________________________ . 老师坚持要求利用每一分钟把工作做好。 on every minute (should) be made use of to do the work well ⑤He , so he turned away from the meeting and stopped arguing with her. 他坚持认为自己是正确的，于是转身离开了会场，不再与她争论。 insisted that he was right No.2 通句式/由规则到熟用 1. This year's Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Tu Youyou (co-winner), whose research led to the discovery of artemisinin, a crucial new treatment for malaria. 本年度的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖已授予屠呦呦(得主之一)，她的研究使青蒿素这种至关重要的新型抗疟疾药物得以发现。 感知将学语法——非限制性定语从句 句中whose引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Tu Youyou，在从句中作定语。本课中还使用了where引导的非限制性定语从句： In the beginning, Tu Youyou went to Hainan, where malaria was more common, to study malaria patients.(where在此引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Hainan, where在从句中作地点状语。) 起初，屠呦呦奔赴疟疾更为常见的海南研究疟疾患者。 2．Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria, and is thought to save 100,000 lives a year in Africa alone. 青蒿素成了抗疟疾药物的关键成分，据估计每年仅在非洲就挽救了10万人的性命。 (1)“Sb./Sth.＋be＋过去分词＋to do”句型，表示“据……某人/某物做……”，可与“It's＋过去分词＋that ...”互换。常用于此句型的动词的过去分词有said, thought, believed, hoped, reported, known, proved, considered等。 (2)在“Sb./Sth.＋be＋过去分词＋to do”句型中，不定式有几种不同的形式： “两层级”学通用活句式 (1)通过“句式变换”弄明句式结构 ①He is thought to be a learned and modest scholar. → a learned and modest scholar. ②He is reported to have been chosen chairman of the trade union. → chairman of the trade union. It is thought that he is It is reported that he has been chosen (2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用 ③人们认为，楼兰在数百年前被沙尘暴渐渐吞没了。 Loulan over by sandstorms hundreds of years ago. ④我很多年没有见到杰克了。据说，他现在在中国定居。 I haven't seen Jack for many years. in China now. is thought to have been gradually covered It's said that he is living 3．From their research, they discovered and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments that showed promise in the fight against malaria. 通过研究，他们发现并测试了380种不同的有望战胜疟疾的古代中医疗法。 激活已学语法——限制性定语从句 本句中that引导的是限制性定语从句，它对先行词treatments起限定作用。限制性定语从句的常用引导词有which, that, who, whom, whose, where, when, why, as等。 [应用融会]　(完成句子) ①He is the one . 他是个总是乐于助人的人。 ②This is the most beautiful park . 这是我参观过的最漂亮的公园。 who is always ready to help others that I have visited 4．Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, she said, “The honour is not just mine.There is a team behind me ...” 获悉自己被授予诺贝尔奖时，她说：“这份荣誉不仅仅属于我。我的身后是一个团队……” (1)介词on/upon后面可以跟动名词或名词作宾语，构成介宾短语，在句中作状语，意为“在……的时候；当……时；一……就……”，可以转换为as soon as引导的时间状语从句。 (2)表示“一……就……”的常用词(组)有：directly/instantly/immediately, as soon as, hardly ...when ..., no sooner ...than ..., the moment/minute/second/instant等。 [名师点津]　当hardly, no sooner位于句首时，它们所在的句子要使用部分倒装。 “两层级”学通用活句式 (1)通过“句式变换”弄明句式结构 ①As soon as I arrived home, I wrote to him and his wife a thank you note for helping me. → ，I wrote to him and his wife a thank you note for helping me.(用介词短语作状语改写蓝体部分) Upon arriving home ②Instantly they returned home, they couldn't wait to make popcorn. → ,they couldn't wait to make popcorn. (用“the＋名词”短语作状语改写蓝体部分) ③We had hardly seen the light when we felt excited. → (用倒装句改写) The instant they returned home Hardly had we seen the light when we felt excited. (2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用 ④一回到家，我迫不及待地与同学们分享照片和经历。 , I couldn't wait to share the photos and experiences with my classmates. ⑤我们一到，工人们热情地接待了我们，并带我们参观了他们的车间。 , the workers warmly received us and showed us around their workshop. Upon returning home Upon our arrival No.3 课时跟踪检测 [语言基础训练] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．We spent two hours (分析) the team's strengths and weaknesses. 2．The author has broken into the nation's history into three________ (不同的) periods. analysing distinct 3．Figuring out what to (承认) and what to dismiss is really challenging. 4．The (关键性的) thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in. 5．With the help of high technology, more and more new___________ (物质) have been discovered in the past years. acknowledge crucial substances 6．It is widely admitted that students should be (评价) in terms of overall quality. 7．The hospital has recently (获得) new medical equipment, allowing more patients to be treated. 8．At last we (战胜) the other team in the football match; our hard practising paid off. evaluated obtained defeated Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．I would really like to have your (object) opinion on this. 2．Based on (science) research, the report is reliable and convincing. 3．She committed herself to (finish) the project by the end of the week. objective scientific finish/finishing 4．To understand culture shock, it is vital (understand) what culture is. 5．Plants are grouped into (botany)“families” that have certain characteristics in common. 6．Our English teacher insists that the homework_________________ (hand) in tomorrow morning. to understand botanical (should) be handed 7．Educators insist that schools should have each student's_________ (academy) performance evaluated. 8．The police officer was (apparent) off duty when this happened so he made no comment on it. academic apparently Ⅲ.选词填空 commit oneself to， insist on， lead to， by chance， succeed in， graduate from 1．Mother will our washing the clothes by ourselves. 2．We climbing onto the helicopter, gasping with relief. 3．Several years after they'd split up they met again in Paris. insist on succeeded in by chance 4．I have accepting her invitation and cannot draw back. 5．Shortly after college, I got my first teaching job at a high school. 6．It was an act of kindness that a friendship and memories that will last a lifetime. committed myself to graduating from led to Ⅳ.完成句子 1．一听到这个新闻，我心中泛起了悲伤。(upon/on＋动名词) , I felt a sense of sadness in my heart. 2．他的眼睛深陷，因为他很长时间以来经常工作到深夜。(现在完成时) His eyes are deep-set because he for a long time. 3．路易斯站在后面，满脸是泪。(非限制性定语从句) Behind stood Lewis, . Upon/On hearing the news has worked till midnight whose face was flooded with tears 4．大卫患有脑部疾病，这使他不能像其他孩子一样走路或跑步。(限制性定语从句) David had a brain disease or running like other children. 5．据说，他已经写了许多受欢迎的小说。(be＋过去分词＋to do) He many popular novels. which/that prevented him from walking is said to have written Ⅴ.课文语法填空 Tu Youyou ① (award) the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2015.Her research led ② the discovery of artemisinin, ③ is thought to save 100,000 lives a year in Africa alone. was awarded to which Tu Youyou, a ④ (commit) and patient scientist, graduated from Peking University Medical School in 1955.In 1969, she decided to review ancient Chinese medical texts to find ⑤___________ (tradition) botanical treatments for the disease.One medical text suggested ⑥ (use) the extract from sweet wormwood to treat a fever.Later, by experiments, she concluded that boiling the sweet wormwood ⑦ (apparent) destroyed its medical properties.Finally, they succeeded in discovering artemisinin. committed traditional using apparently Upon hearing that she ⑧ (award) the Nobel Prize, Tu Youyou said that the honour belonged to all the people of the country.It is indeed ⑨ honour for China's ⑩ (science) research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world. had been awarded an scientific [语篇综合训练] Ⅰ.阅读理解 Compared with Marie Curie, Wu Chien-shiung is not a household name in China, where she was born and grew up, or in the United States, where she spent most of her life. Wu's father received a modern education in Shanghai, and in 1913, founded the first school for girls in Taicang, aiming to break the old sexist advocacy that it was women's virtue to have no talents, which had the most profound influence on Wu's life.Now, the school has become Mingde Senior Middle School. Working in the scientific world dominated by men, she never gave up or lowered her standards even if unequally treated.After graduating from the former National Central University in Nanjing, Wu, aged 24, enrolled at the University of California, Berkeley to continue her study in physics.She was the first woman to be president of American Physical Society. To get accurate results from experiments, she worked seriously day and night at a laboratory and gained a reputation for accuracy.There was a saying among physicists：“If the experiment was done by Wu, it must be correct.” As one of the most influential nuclear physicists of the 20th century, she thoroughly changed human's view of the universe.Her experiments overturned many previous experimental results and theories. Wu lived a simple life, but she set up a funding program in honor of her father with her life savings, rewarding students and teachers at Mingde Senior Middle School.In 1997, Wu died aged 85 in the US.According to her will, she was buried in her hometown Taicang.Chiang Tsai-chien, the author of her biography, Madame Wu Chien-shiung：The First Lady of Physics Research, wrote the epitaph (墓志铭) that starts, “Here's buried the most prominent female physicist Wu Chien-shiung”， and ends, “she was a distinguished world citizen, and was forever a Chinese”． 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了吴健雄女士的生平。 1．Why did Wu's father found the first school for girls? A．To promote Wu's personal development. B．To pursue gender and education equality. C．To display his well-educated background. D．To improve educational assessment system. 解析：细节理解题。由第二段中“Wu's father ...Wu's life.”可知，吴的父亲创办了第一所女子学校，旨在追求性别平等和教育平等。故选B。 √ 2．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．Wu worked as the first female physicist. B．Attachment to native land never left her. C．Sexist advocacy gave rise to her simple life. D．Wu followed her father's will to fund a program. √ 解析：推理判断题。由最后一段“Wu lived ...forever a Chinese.”可知，她对祖国做出了巨大贡献，并安葬在中国，可见对故土的依恋从未离开过她。故选B。 3．Which words best describe Wu? A．Persistent in faith. B．Tolerant of sexism. C．Ambitious for perfection. D．Well-known in her motherland. √ 解析：推理判断题。由第三段中“Working ...treated.”和第四段中“To get accurate ...accuracy.”可知，她坚持信念，努力实现自己的目标。故选A。 4．What is the best title of the text? A．A Woman Who Thrilled the World B．A Woman, One Distinguished Funder C．A Woman Who Gained Equal Gender Right D．A Woman, One Influential Leader in Physics 解析：标题归纳题。由最后一段中“Chiang Tsai-chien, the author of her biography, ...a Chinese.”可知，这是对吴女士的评价，一位女性，一位有影响力的物理学领袖。故选D。 √ Ⅱ.完形填空 Throughout history，female scientists，engineers and mathematicians have changed the world.But while their __5__ have been massive, their names and their stories have __6__ been publicized.Physicist Jess Wade wanted to __7__ the stories of great scientific pioneers who may be overlooked and she __8__ a unique way to do that：writing web pages. Wade told CBS News that while the __9__ of women in science is small in comparison to that of men, she has always had __10__ in the field.When she was a graduate student，Wade __11__ an inspiring woman in science，Kim Cobb，who is a climate scientist at Brown University. “So when I met her, I thought she is a(n) __12__ person and I need to learn more about her.When I did a little search, I couldn't __13__ any information about her.What I __14__ was a web page but it wasn't there.” That's how Wade got the __15__ — to start writing web pages for diverse people in science who don't yet have them. In her free time, Wade searches the Internet to __16__ information，and then she gets to work writing web pages.She's written more than 1,700 so far. Wade is now making a __17__ for herself in science, and she knows she wouldn't be here without those who came before her.“We all have a role to __18__ in making science a more diverse and __19__ place，” she said. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了历史上很多女性取得了杰出的成就，可是她们却默默无闻。物理学家 Jess Wade想通过自己的努力来改变这一现状。 5．A.ambitions B．potentials C．achievements D．demands 解析：根据上文“Throughout history, female scientists, engineers and mathematicians have changed the world.”可知，这些女性取得了巨大的“成就”。ambition“追求；理想”；potential“潜力”；achievement“成就”；demand“需求”。故选C。 √ 6．A.naturally B．permanently C．rarely D．regularly 解析：根据上文“while”一词可知，上下文是转折关系，这些女性虽然成就巨大，但是“很少”被报道。 naturally“自然地”； permanently“永久地”；rarely“很少”；regularly“规律地”。故选C。 √ 7．A.share B．choose C．read D．appreciate 解析：根据下文“who may be overlooked and she a unique way to do that：writing web pages”可知，物理学家Jess Wade想在网上“分享”她们的故事。故选A。 √ 8．A.thought little of B．came up with C．passed down D．left out 解析：根据下文“a unique way to do that：writing web pages”可知，Jess Wade “想出”了一个独特方法。think little of“不重视”；come up with“想出”；pass down“传递”；leave out“遗漏”。故选B。 √ 9．A.goal B．progress C．responsibility D．number 解析：根据下文“of women in science is small in comparison to that of men”可知，比起男性科学家来说女性科学家的“人数”较少，故选D。 √ 10．A.concepts B．role models C．safety rules D．followers 解析：根据上下文的转折关系和“in the field”可知，在这个领域里，她总是有值得效仿的榜样。concept“概念”； role model“模范”；safety rule“安全规则”；follower“追随者”。故选B。 √ 11．A.referred to B．turned down C．ran across D．took in 解析：分析上下文可知，Jess Wade 读研究生时，“遇到”一位从事科学的优秀女性——Kim Cobb。refer to“提到”；turn down“拒绝”； run across“偶然遇见”；take in“吸收”。故选C。 √ 12．A.awesome B．ordinary C．serious D．patient 解析：根据下文“I need to learn more about her”可知，Kim Cobb是一位“了不起的”人。awesome“很好的”；ordinary“普通的”；serious“严重的”；patient“耐心的”。故选A。 √ 13．A.remember B．identify C．offer D．find 解析：根据上文“When I did a little search”可知，没有找到关于她的任何信息。故选D。 √ 14．A.desired B．accepted C．recommended D．acknowledged 解析：根据下文“was a web page but it wasn't there”可知，Jess Wade想找到有关Kim Cobb的网页信息。 desire“渴望”；accept“接受”； recommend“推荐”；acknowledge“承认”。故选A。 √ 15．A.help B．order C．belief D．idea 解析：根据下文“to start writing web pages for diverse people in science who don't yet have them”可知，Jess Wade遇到的经历激发她产生了编写网页的想法。故选D。 √ 16．A.collect B．post C．manage D．correct 解析：根据上文“to start writing ...don't yet have them”可知，Jess Wade搜索网页的目的是收集有关女性科学家的信息。故选A。 √ 17．A.suggestion B．will C．name D．request 解析：由于Jess Wade 所从事的工作，她在科学领域也“出名”了。make a name for oneself＝make one's name意为“使某人成名/出名”。故选C。 √ 18．A.make B．play C．select D．decide 解析：根据下文“in making science a more diverse and place”可知，Jess Wade 认为，我们有责任使科学更多样化、更公平。play a role“发挥作用；起作用”，是固定短语。故选B。 √ 19．A.fairer B．safer C．quieter D．wider 解析：根据整篇文章叙述，Jess Wade所做的事是为那些被忽略的女性科学家发声，这显然是为了让科学领域变得“更公平”。故选A。 √ Ⅲ.语法填空 “The 2023 Nobel Prize in literature has been awarded to Jon Fosse for his innovative plays and prose which give voice to the unsayable，” the Swedish Academy __1__ (announce) on Thursday. The committee praised the author's style, __2__ has come to be known as “Fosse minimalism (极简主义)”．“Fosse presents everyday situations that are instantly recognizable in our own lives，” the committee said.“His reduction of language and dramatic action expresses the most powerful human emotions of __3__ (anxious) and powerlessness in the simplest terms.” His masterpiece — seven works grouped together into a single volume titled “Septology” —tells the story of __4__ aging painter and widower who lives alone as he deals with the realities of religion, identity, art and family life. “Fosse combines strong local ties, both linguistic and geographic, __5__ modernist artistic techniques，” the committee said, “ __6__ (list) the Irish playwright Samuel Beckett and the Austrian poet Georg Trakl among those who influenced his style.” “While Fosse shares the negative outlook of his predecessors, his particular vision cannot be said __7__ (cause) a nihilistic contempt (虚无主义的蔑视) of the world.Indeed, there is also great warmth __8__ humor in his work.” the committee added. The choice of Fosse as this year's laureate will do little to counter criticism from those who say the committee rewards __9__ (Europe) writers at the expense of authors in other continents. Male writers have also __10__ (historical)dominated the award：Of the 120 laureates in literature, only 17 have been women. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了2023年诺贝尔文学奖得主乔恩·福斯的极简主义写作风格，即用最简单的语言表达了最强烈的人类情感。 1．announced　考查动词时态。分析句子可知，空格处为句子谓语部分，时间状语是on Thursday，应使用一般过去时，故填announced。 2．which　考查定语从句。分析句子可知，空格处为非限制性定语从句的引导词，先行词是style，表示物，从句缺少主语，应使用关系代词which。 3．anxiety　考查名词。分析句子可知，空格处作介词of的宾语，需要用名词形式，anxious的名词是anxiety，是不可数名词，故填anxiety。 4．an　考查冠词。分析句子可知，此处表示“一个”，是泛指，且后面的单词aging的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。 5．with　考查介词。分析句子可知，空格处和前面的动词构成固定短语combine ...with ...“将……与……结合”，故填with。 6．listing　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，空格处充当伴随状语，和主语Fosse是逻辑上的主动关系，应使用现在分词形式，故填listing。 7．to cause　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，空格处构成固定句式结构sth.be said to do，故填to cause。 8．and　考查连词。分析句子可知，空格处前后是并列关系，应使用连词and。 9．European　考查形容词。分析句子可知，空格处充当定语修饰名词writers，应使用形容词形式，故填European。 10．historically　考查副词。分析句子可知，空格处修饰动词dominate，应用副词，故填historically。 本课结束 三、活用单词——悉其变 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. $$