UNIT 2 Section 4 Focus on Language Verb-ing Form(课件PPT)-【新课程学案】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（北师大版2019）

Section 4 Focus on Language Verb-ing Form 课时目标 1.掌握动词-ing形式作主语、宾语和表语的用法，并学以致用。 2.能够分析句子结构，记住一些固定搭配。 3.能够辨析动词-ing形式、动词-ed形式和动词不定式的区别。 课时检测 目 录 　(语法项目——非限制性定语从句) 初识语法——在美文运用中体悟　 My name is Tom Wood and I am an English teacher ①teaching at No.1 Senior High School in Beijing now.②Getting to know my students well is very important, which can make me prepare my lessons carefully. ③Learning to speak Putonghua is necessary for me because I am in China.Now, I can communicate with others in English and Chinese.Unfortunately, I can't read Chinese characters so I am considering ④taking lessons.I practise ⑤speaking Chinese every day and I am improving.Fortunately, there are one or two million people in my town who are ready to help me practise ⑥speaking Chinese! I am fond of ⑦talking to my neighbours.They are very kind and patient people. Though my job is ⑧teaching English, I love ⑨getting on my motorbike and riding out to the countryside to explore nature. ⑩Walking in nature, I feel relaxed.At the same time, I can watch birds ⑪flying and hear the insects ⑫singing. ⑬Enjoying nature is really great fun. ①处蓝体部分作定语； ②③⑬处蓝体部分作主语； ④⑤⑥⑦⑨处蓝体部分作宾语； ⑧处蓝体部分作表语； ⑩处蓝体部分作状语； ⑪⑫处蓝体部分作宾语补足语。 慧学语法——运用“形式—意义— 使用”三维动态语法观　 动词-ing形式在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、补足语或状语，本课时重点讲解动词-ing形式作主语、宾语和表语，其具体用法如下： 一、动词-ing形式作主语 [先感知] ①(教材典句)For a lot of people, becoming a millionaire is a symbol of success ... ②(教材典句)Jason Harley decided to drop out of this kind of lifestyle, and he discovered that having only a little money made him free. ③Before everything else, getting ready is the secret of success. ④It is no use buying books but not reading them. ⑤Mike's returning to work is a great help to us. [会发现] 以上例句中，句①②③为动词-ing形式作_______。句④中it是___________，_________________________________是真正的主语。句⑤中主语使用了动词-ing形式的_________。 主语 形式主语 buying books but not reading them 复合结构 [明规则] 1．动词-ing形式(短语)作主语的意义 (1)动词-ing形式(短语)作主语往往表示抽象的、概念性的动作，可以是多次的、经常性的行为，通常置于句首。 (2)动词-ing形式(短语)作主语时谓语动词常常使用单数形式。两个或多个动词-ing形式(短语)作主语时，如果指代不同的概念，则谓语动词用复数形式。 (3)不定式作主语时常表示具体的或一次性的动作。如： To lie to her is wrong.　对她撒谎不对。 2．动词-ing形式作主语时的位置 动词-ing形式作主语时，通常有两种位置：一种是位于句首；另一种是it作形式主语，而将动词-ing形式后置。用it作形式主语的常见句型有： It's no good/no use/no fun doing sth. 做某事没好处/没用/没意思 It's useless doing sth.　　　　 做某事没用 It's a waste of time doing sth. 做某事是浪费时间 It's worthwhile doing sth. 做某事是值得的 [名师点津]　不定式作主语时，也可用it 充当形式主语，如： It's not easy to learn a foreign language well. 学好一门外语不容易。 It's difficult for us to finish the work in a week. 对我们来说，一周之内完成这项工作很困难。 3．动词-ing形式的复合结构作主语 动词-ing形式的复合结构的构成：名词所有格或形容词性物主代词＋动词-ing形式。 His son's winning first prize made him quite proud. 他儿子获得一等奖使他非常骄傲。 His coming made me quite delighted. 他的到来让我非常高兴。 4．特殊句型 当句型“There is no ...”表示“不允许、禁止某种行为的发生或存在”时，需用动名词作主语。常见的有： There is no denying that ...　 不可否认…… There is no joking ... ……开不得玩笑 [对点练]　(用所给词的适当形式填空) ①(2023·全国乙卷)I think (master) some basic living skills is important for us to prepare for our future life. ② (learn) to think critically is an important skill today's children will need for the future. mastering Learning ③ (travel) along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience. ④Going to bed early and getting up early (be) a good habit. ⑤It's no use (complain) without taking action. Traveling is complaining 二、动词-ing形式作宾语 [先感知] ①(教材典句)They spend half of their time dreaming up ways of getting rich ... ②(教材典句)．..then they need to continue making money so they don't lose the sense of success they have achieved. ③(教材典句)There is a small garden outside with a few fruit trees, which Jason enjoys taking care of. ④I can't imagine living in such a lonely village. ⑤These measures have created conditions for raising the output of steel. [会发现] 以上例句中，句①中动词-ing形式作________________________；句②③④中动词-ing形式作____________；句⑤中动词-ing形式作___________。 介词的宾语(省略了介词in) 动词的宾语 介词的宾语 [明规则] 动词-ing形式作宾语分为两种情况，一种是作及物动词的宾语，另一种是作介词的宾语。 1．牢记下列用动词-ing形式作宾语的动词： 建议考虑坚持练 suggest, advise, consider, insist on, practise 允许想象弃冒险 permit, allow, imagine, give up, risk 阻止抵抗否逃脱 prevent, resist, deny, escape 不禁介意保持完 can't help, mind, keep, finish 耽误推迟求原谅 delay, put off, require, forgive，excuse 承认错过欣喜欢 admit, miss, appreciate, enjoy The teacher advised practising reading after the tape to improve my pronunciation. 老师建议练习跟读磁带以提高我的发音。 2．只能接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词短语有：can't help、end up、feel like、be busy (in)、prevent/stop/keep ... from ...、devote/apply oneself to ...、look forward to、pay attention to、be accustomed/used to、get down to、stick to、lead to、object to、burst out、set about等。 Many educationists object to searching for answers through some apps. 许多教育家反对通过一些应用程序来搜索答案。 3．当动词need、require、want意为“需要”，deserve表示“应得，值得”时，后跟动名词的主动式或不定式的被动式作宾语，意义没有区别。 My cellphone needs repairing/to be repaired. 我的手机需要修理。 4．在有些动词如：start、begin、continue等后面，既可接动名词也可接不定式作宾语，两者意义区别不大。 They continued working/to work as if nothing had happened. 他们继续工作，似乎什么也没发生过。 5．在love、hate、prefer、like等动词后接v.-ing形式作宾语指经常性的动作；用不定式作宾语，指一次性的、具体的动作。 I hate walking in such a rainy day.(经常的习惯) 我不喜欢在这样的雨天里散步。 I hate to trouble you.(具体的动作) 我不愿麻烦你。 6．有些动词和动词短语后跟动词不定式或动名词作宾语皆可，但含义不同。常见的有： 动词 宾语的形式 意义 forget to do 忘记去做…… doing 忘记做过…… remember to do 记着要去做…… doing 记得做过…… regret to do 遗憾/抱歉要做…… doing 后悔做了…… 续表 try to do 尽力/努力做…… doing 尝试做…… mean to do 打算/有意做…… doing 意味着…… stop to do 停下来去做(另外一件事) doing 停止做(同一件事) go on to do 接着做(另外一件事) doing 接着做(同一件事) Please remember to give my best regards to your family. 请记着代我向你的家人问好。 I still remember visiting the museum for the first time. 我仍记得第一次参观博物馆时的情景。 7．动词-ing形式作宾语时，前面省掉介词的情况： spend ...(in) doing sth.　 花费……做某事 have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth. 做……有困难/麻烦 stop/prevent ...(from) doing sth. 阻止……做某事 waste time (in) doing sth. 浪费时间做某事 be busy (in) doing sth. 忙于做某事 have a good/hard time (in) doing sth. 做某事很高兴/费了很大劲 He is usually busy (in) managing his shop. 他通常忙于经营商店。 8．动词-ing的复合结构作宾语，其形式有以下几种： ①形容词性物主代词＋动词-ing ②名词所有格＋动词-ing ③代词宾格＋动词-ing ④名词通格＋动词-ing He left the city without our knowing it. 他离开了这座城市，我们都不知道。 Would you mind my/me using your cell phone? 你介意我用一下你的手机吗？ I knew nothing about the window being open. 我一点也不知道窗户开着。 [对点练]　(用所给词的适当形式填空) ①When it comes to (speak) in public, no one can match him. ②To help us prepare for the exam, the teacher suggested ________(read) through our notes. speaking reading ③(2023·全国乙卷)As a photographer, I have spent the last two years (record) everything I discovered. ④He remembers (say) good night to me before he goes to sleep. ⑤I remembered (see) her before, but I don't remember the exact date. recording to say seeing 三、动词-ing形式作表语 [先感知] ①It is amazing that every time Monet studied this simple scene, he brought the pond's beauty to the canvas in a unique way. ②The news that the famous poet died is astonishing. ③My job is teaching you English.(＝Teaching you English is my job.) [会发现] 以上例句中，句①②中是现在分词作表语，表示主语的______；句③中是动名词短语作表语，表示主语的______。 特征 内容 [明规则] 作表语的动词-ing形式包括现在分词和动名词。 1．现在分词作表语，往往具有形容词的性质，用来说明主语的性质、特征等。作表语的现在分词许多是由能够表示人们某种感情或情绪的动词变化而来的，常见的有：moving、interesting、encouraging、exciting、inspiring、boring、surprising、puzzling、amusing、astonishing等。这类分词表示“令人……的”，常修饰物。 The situation is quite encouraging. 形势很令人鼓舞。 His concern for his mother is very touching. 他对母亲的关爱很感人。 2．动名词作表语多表示抽象性的或习惯性的动作，一般说明主语的内容。 Her job is taking care of children. 她的工作是照顾孩子。　　 [名师点津]　不定式和动词-ed形式也可作表语，但不定式通常强调一次性的、具体的、将要发生的动作；动词-ed形式作表语表示外因使之具备的性质和特征，意为“感到……的”，常修饰人。 My wish is to find a part-time job this summer. 我的愿望就是今年夏天能找到一份兼职工作。 The child is frightened to see the dog. 这个孩子看到狗很害怕。 [对点练]　(用所给词的适当形式填空) ①Landing on the moon's far side is extremely ___________ (challenge)． ②My first job was (work) at the Ukiah Library when I was 16 years old. ③His performance is very (entertain), which brings us much pleasure. challenging working entertaining 语境综合应用 根据汉语提示用动词-ing形式完成短文 Li Hua and I are good friends. We often help each other with our studies. We practice ①________________ (说英语) together every morning.She considers ② (学习英语) at university because ③ (读英语书) is her favourite.However, speaking English studying English reading English books I don't enjoy ④ (把汉语翻译成英语) so I dream of ⑤ (主修数学) at university. My dream job is ⑥ (做一名数学老师)．I dislike ⑦ (和李华分开) and I look forward to ⑧ (和她保持联系) as often as possible in the future. translating from Chinese into English majoring in maths being a math teacher departing with Li Hua keeping in touch with her [语言基础训练] Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．Devoted to (read) the novel, he didn't notice me coming in. 2．Young people may risk (go) deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day. 课时检测 reading going 3． (know) basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies. 4．The teacher's explanation of the problem was so (confuse) that most of us couldn't understand. 5．In Hangzhou, borrowing books from the library (be) now as simple and convenient as shopping online: click, pay and wait for delivery. Knowing confusing is 6．It is agreed that (read) widely is one of the most effective ways to enlarge our vocabulary. 7．I don't think it is no good (have) another talk with him over the matter. 8．Keep in mind that forgiveness doesn't necessarily mean ___________(accept) the actions of the person who upsets you. reading having accepting 9．The speech you delivered is very interesting and ____________ (encourage)． 10．I quickly lower myself, ducking (低下头) my head to avoid _________(look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel challenged. encouraging looking Ⅱ.完成句子 1． is of much benefit to your health. 经常锻炼非常有益于你的健康。 2．I shall never for the first time. 我永远不会忘记第一次看见长城时的情景。 Working out regularly forget seeing the Great Wall 3．The teacher this morning. 老师对他今天早上的迟到感到生气。 4．Her job is . 她的工作是尽量保持报告厅干净。 was angry at his being late keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible 5．He is still committed to his research in spite of the fact that the result is . 尽管结果有点儿令人失望，但他仍专心于他的研究工作。 6．Nothing can stop the plan from . 什么也阻止不了这个计划的实施。 a little disappointing being carried out 7．Have you your hometown after graduation? 你考虑过毕业后为家乡做贡献吗？ 8．With the midterm examination approaching, we____________ ____ what we've learned this term. 期中考试快到了，我们正忙着复习这学期学过的内容。 considered making contributions to are busy going over [语篇综合训练] Ⅰ.阅读理解 Last December，I was invited to a party in a company that provides roofing services. I'd never been there before, and I had it in my head that I'd walk in and see men with a smell of metal, asphalt shingles (沥青瓦) and truck oil in the air.But the image I created in my head was far from the truth. As I walked up to the main entrance of Universal Roofing in Indianapolis, I was greeted by a lovely lady.We didn't know each other, but she was so welcoming and led me straight to the Grilliant Foods barbeque buffet. I soon filled my plate and headed for a table populated with people I didn't know.After several bites, I started meeting my fellow table mates: a mix of a retired employee, a customer, and a partner, all of whom were talking about how long they had known Rob, who was the owner of the company, and the pleasant experiences of working with him. I personally was most impressed with the retired employee at the table.He was back and enjoying himself simply because he missed the people. After lunch I started to walk through the hall.I was impressed with how nicely decorated everything was.From the choice of colors on the walls，the furniture, and flooring, there was love put into the decoration. On my walk, I was soon stopped, hugged and thanked for coming by Rob, and his son, Sam. In reality, they hadn't known me all that long，but there was an unspoken feeling I had — I felt at home. Later, I visited their website. “Rob treats everyone who works for him like family，” reads the website. Actually, he treats everyone like family，and because of that, everyone around him treats the people they encounter like family.It's what has made him so successful in business and in life. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过参加一家提供屋顶服务公司的聚会，了解到Rob的成功最重要的原因是他对待别人如同对待家人。 1．What did the lovely lady do for the author? A．She warmly led him to enjoy food. B．She prepared a special table for him. C．She cooked him some delicious food. D．She filled his plate with food in person. √ 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“We didn't know each other, but she was so welcoming and led me straight to the Grilliant Foods barbeque buffet.”可知，这位可爱的女士热情地引导作者享受美食。 2．What is the author's table mates' attitude towards Rob? A．Envious.　　　　　 B．Uncaring. C．Doubtful. D．Favorable. 解析：观点态度题。根据第三段中的“I started meeting my fellow table mates ... and the pleasant experiences of working with him”可推知，与作者同桌的人对Rob的态度应该是赞许的、良好的。 √ 3．What impressed the author on his walk through the hall after lunch? A．Sam's calmness. B．The activities. C．The decoration. D．Rob's quietness. 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“I was impressed with how nicely decorated everything was ... put into the decoration.”可知，午饭后走过大厅时，给作者留下深刻印象的是装饰。 √ 4．What contributes most to Rob's success in the author's opinion? A．How he treats others. B．His family's support. C．His great imagination. D．Online advertisements. √ 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Actually, he treats everyone like family ... so successful in business and in life.”可知，在作者看来，Rob的成功最重要的原因是他对待别人如同对待家人。 Ⅱ.语法填空 China's women's basketball team won respect and encouragement from Chinese netizens for their sportsmanship 1 (display) in the gold-medal game against Team USA in the FIBA Women's Basketball World Cup on Saturday, after finishing in second place. In Friday's semi-final, China defeated host Australia 61－59 and entered the World Cup final for the second time in almost three decades. This is a significant 2 (achieve) for a team with an average age of less than 26 years old. The Chinese team won six times in this year's World Cup before Saturday's final. The only defeat was that it 3 (lose) 63－77 to the US during the group stages. When facing the world's top-ranked Team USA, the reigning champions, the Chinese players showed a strong desire 4 (fight) until the end. 5 the Chinese players failed to create a miracle in the final, their progress is 6 (definite) worth being proud of. Cheryl Reeve, coach of Team USA, 7 claimed their fourth FIBA World Cup title in 8 row, said she saw the growth of their Chinese rivals. “This is a great time for the Chinese women's national team. It's a very, very good team，” she told the press conference. After the game, the Chinese Basketball Association congratulated China's women's national basketball team on 9 (finish) runners-up (亚军) again after 28 years. It also expressed gratitude 10 every athlete, coach, and staff member in the team for their dedication. 语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了中国女篮在国际篮联女篮世界杯中获得亚军，并因在与美国队金牌之战中表现出的体育精神，而获得了中国网民的尊重和鼓励。 1．displayed　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词won，所以display应该用非谓语动词，且逻辑主语sportsmanship和display之间是被动关系，此处应该用过去分词表被动。故填displayed。 2．achievement　考查名词。分析句子结构可知，空前是形容词significant，所以空处应填名词；再根据空前的“a”可知，应用单数形式。故填achievement。 3．lost　考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，本句是that引导的表语从句，从句中缺少谓语，主句用的是一般过去时，所以此处也应用一般过去时。故填lost。 4．to fight　考查非谓语动词。a desire to do sth.意为“做……的欲望”，为固定用法；此处为不定式作后置定语，故填to fight。 5．Although/Though/While　考查状语从句。分析句子结构并根据句意可知，前后两句是转折关系，空处引导的是让步状语从句，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Although/Though/While。 6．definitely　考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰谓语is worth，所以应该用副词修饰，故填definitely。 7．who　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导的是非限制性定语从句，先行词是Cheryl Reeve，指人，在从句中作主语，故填who。 8．a　考查冠词。in a row意为“接连不断地”，为固定搭配。故填a。 9．finishing　考查非谓语动词。congratulate sb. on doing sth.意为“恭喜/祝贺某人某事”，为固定搭配。故填finishing。 10．to　考查介词。express gratitude to sb. for sth.意为“为某事向某人表达感谢”，为固定搭配。故填to。 本课结束 $$