Unit 6 When was it invented 【B卷·培优卷】-2024-2025学年九年级英语全册单元速记·巧练（浙江专用）

Unit 6 When was it invented 【B卷·培优卷】 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、阅读理解（每小题2分，共48分） Do you know who was described as “superhuman” by the great inventor and astronomer Galileo? It was Archimedes who solved the king’s problem of the golden crown while taking a bath. He was perhaps one of the most outstanding scientists in the world. He was a mathematician, physicist, engineer, weapon designer and inventor. He was wise in philosophy, active in mathematics and physics. He was also recognized as one of the finest engineers of his time. He was born on the island of Sicily in the city of Syracuse around the year 287 BC and died in 212 BC． Archimedes showed great love for mathematics. He made many discoveries. For example, he determined the exact value of pi. He invented and developed methods similar to calculus (微积分) and used them to find the area of a circle and an accurate estimation (估计值) of the value of pi. Today he is regarded as one of the greatest mathematicians in history. Archimedes used his mathematical skills and talents to create useful inventions. One of his most famous inventions is called the Archimedes’ Screw. It was a device that could lift water to higher levels. One of its first uses was to pump water out from a leaking ship. It is still used today in some places to move water from low places to high places. This invention influenced Leonardo da Vinci as he worked on developing the functioning flying machine. Can you imagine counting the sand in the universe? Archimedes once tried to calculate the number of sand grains in the universe. Obviously, it was impossible but it goes to show that he was too smart. His intellectual curiosity and achievements to mathematics, in general, would go on to encourage other mathematicians as well. Most of his achievements were by far ahead of his time. Archimedes was in deed a genius. 1．What’s the main idea of paragraph 2? A．A brief introduction to Archimedes. B．Archimedes’ discoveries in maths. C．The great inventions of Archimedes. D．Archimedes’ study on the universe. 2．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 3? A．A leaking ship. B．Water from low places. C．The Archimedes’ Screw. D．The functioning flying machine. 3．Which of the following is NOT true according to the article? A．Archimedes was a man with many talents and died at the age of 75. B．Leonardo da Vinci and Archimedes developed the functioning flying machine. C．The Archimedes’ Screw helped lift water from lower places to higher places. D．Archimedes’ achievements will continue to encourage generations of mathematicians. 4．What might be the best title for the article? A．Archimedes and Inventions B．Archimedes and Mathematics C．The Achievements of Archimedes D．The Life Experience of Archimedes Scientists in Switzerland have used lasers (激光) to change the path of a lightning strike (雷击的路径). The experiment suggests that in the future, lasers might be useful for protecting large buildings from lightning. Lightning can be extremely powerful and cause serious problems on the ground. Lightning strike can cause fires, destroy buildings, and even kill people. The damage from lightning costs billions of dollars every year. In the US, lightning strikes killed close to 450 people between 2006 and 2021. Scientists have been trying to find a way to protect buildings from lightning for a long time. Now the best Way is by putting metal rods (金属竿) on the buildings. These rods are connected to the ground. The lightning is attracted to the rods, which safely guide the electricity into the ground. But lightning rods can only protect a small area. Some buildings—such as airports are so large that it’s difficult to protect the whole building using lightning rods. Another idea is to use lasers to guide lightning. Scientists had been working on the idea for over 20 years. They have successfully guided lightning with lasers inside a lab. But until the summer of 2021, scientists could guide lightning with lasers outside. Using a powerful laser, scientists in Switzerland were able to guide lightning tor meters. The heat from the laser creates a path of air that is less thick than the air around it. The path also has a special charge (电荷). The lightning can follow this path almost as if it were a lightning rod. Scientist Matteo Clerici said, “The fact that we managed to do it in an outdoor environment is a very big step.” But the laser still didn’t guide the lightning as far as the scientists would like. Besides, the laser is also very expensive. The scientists say it cost about $2 billion. It will probably take 10 or more years before a laser like this is truly able to protect large buildings. 5．To know how powerful lightning can be, which paragraph can we read? A．Paragraph 2. B．Paragraph 3. C．Paragraph 4. D．Paragraph 5. 6．What is the laser technology expected to protect? A．High-rise buildings. B．Large buildings. C．Beautiful buildings. D．Important buildings. 7．Why are lasers not used widely for changing the path of lightning strike now? A．Putting metal rods on the buildings is the best way. B．Some buildings are so large that it’s difficult to protect. C．Lasers are only able to guide lightning for a short distance D．Lasers are so expensive that scientists can’t pay for experimenting. 8．What can we learn from what Matteo Clerici said? A．Scientists still need to work harder to achieve a greater success. B．It is not easy for scientists to guide lightning with lasers outside. C．Scientists need to change working environment in next experiments. D．It is a great progress for scientists to guide lightning with lasers outside. 9．What can we get to know at the end of the passage? A．Behind bad luck comes good luck. B．A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step. C．There is still a long way to go before a laser can really work. D．For scientists, working together is better than working alone. When were the cameras invented? Let’s go into the past. In the 1500s, men made experiments (试验) on cameras that made images. But it was not until the early 1800s that someone found a way to make the pictures permanent (永久的). Then photography was a new technology. Most families couldn’t take pictures themselves. They would turn to a photographer. People didn’t have their own cameras because it was too difficult to take pictures and develop the film (冲洗胶片). In 1884, George Eastman invented a kind of film that fitted back to a small camera to change photography and the new film was easy to use for many people, so they began to buy cameras. When they had used up (用完) their films, people sent their cameras back to the factory. The film was developed in the factory and helped print pictures. Then more and more people could use the cameras and film. Eastman’s invention made it easy to take photos. Today’s cameras are even easier to use and people can put in films themselves. Taking photo has become a growing hobby. There are also many new jobs in the field such as newspapers, magazines and televisions. They all need pictures to tell their stories well. With the help of photographers, scientists can take pictures through microscopes (显微镜) and telescopes (望远镜). Deep-sea divers take pictures of ocean plants and animals, while astronauts take their cameras into space. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 10．In 1884, George Eastman changed photography by inventing a new kind of _______. A．image B．factory C．film D．camera 11．Long ago, people sent their cameras to factory because _______. A．they wanted to have the cameras cleaned B．they wanted their film developed C．they broke their cameras when taking pictures D．they wanted to have their pictures taken by a photographer 12．Why did people begin to buy their own cameras? A．Taking and developing pictures became easier. B．They didn’t like photographers. C．They wanted to see what a camera looked like. D．Cameras are very cheap. 13．Which of the following statements is TRUE? A．Deep-sea divers do not use cameras. B．Photographers can not find jobs today. C．There are different kinds of cameras. D．Eastman found a way to make photographers aid scientists. 14．In a word, the passage is about _______. A．the field of photography B．the life of George Eastman C．how photographers help scientists D．George Eastman invented cameras One of my favorite inventions in recent years is face unlocking. Without needing to lift my fingers and type in the numbers, I can get straight into my phone with just a look. Now there is a new technology designed to replace the password called the “passkey”! Passkeys turn your phone into something a bit like a wallet, which you can use to store membership cards to all of your apps and services. When you need to log in to a website, you’ll just have to tap a button on your phone and your passkey wallet will let you in without any worry. And how does it keep this wallet safe? By using the same “biometric (生物统计)” check your phone uses — a face scan or a fingerprint that cannot easily be forged. Passkeys won’t just save us from having to remember passwords but, perhaps logging in with a passkey will actually be much safer than typing a password. This is because it uses a technology called “public key” cryptography (密码) which is one of the building blocks of the Internet — and is how computers have securely communicated with other computers for so many years. To put it simply, it works a bit like a key, instead of a password. With a password, the website has to keep a database (数据库) of everyone’s passwords to check against when you log in. But with a passkey, when you create your account on a website, it will effectively create a new lock and key. The website will keep the lock, ★ . I think it’s a really clever idea, and that passkeys are going to make our digital lives even safer. So, next time you’re complaining that you can’t remember your password, don’t worry too much. It won’t always be like this! 15．The writer explains how the passkeys work by ________. A．giving examples B．listing numbers C．raising questions D．comparing similar things 16．The underlined word “forged” in paragraph 3 means ________. A．copied B．printed C．canceled D．recorded 17．The passkeys are much safer than passwords because of ________. A．biometric check B．cryptography technology C．blocks of Internet D．secure communication 18．Which of the following can be put in ★ ? A．but your phone is safer B．so you won’t forget the key C．or it will remember the key D．and only your phone will have the key 19．The passage is written to ________. A．show passkeys are safer than passwords B．introduce science development C．report the invention of face unlocking D．describe digital lives Scientists recently announced the world’s tiniest remote-controlled (远控) robots. These robots are small enough to sit on a coin. The scientists were so excited. 20 The news come from Northwestern University. Last week, scientists at Northwestern University introduced several tiny robots they have created. The tiniest is shaped like a crab and is just half a millimeter (毫米) wide. 21 But they can be controlled from a distance (距离) by using lasers (激光). 22 But the robots are also not too slow because of their tiny size. Right now the robots aren’t all that useful. 23 But the scientists say these robots are an important step toward creating more helpful tiny robots. The scientists say that one day tiny robots like these may be able to work in very small areas, such as human’s vessels (血管). It’s possible that scientists can build very tiny robots. 24 Using similar building methods (方法), the scientists can create a number of different tiny robots. “Our methods allow us to build walking robots with almost any sizes or 3 D shapes,” says John Rodgers, one of the scientists. A．The robots can’t move fast. B．All they can do is only moving. C．The robots don’t have any power of their own. D．They were also able to control the movement of the robot in different directions. E．They predict that one day these robots may work in areas which are too small for tools. F．Hope one day those tiny robots can travel inside the human body to help deal with medical problems! 二、完形填空（每小题1分，满分15分） In ancient times, the “Four Great Inventions” in China had a great influence on the whole world. In recent years, China once again has 25 its ability to change the world with its “Four 26 Great Inventions”: high ­speed railways, mobile payment, bike­ sharing and online shopping. Do you know 27 the new inventions can appear in China? The “Four New Great Inventions” are 28 related to China’s high­tech innovation (创新). 29 , the operating mode (模式) of bike ­sharing is based 30 the satellite navigation system (卫星导航系统), mobile payment, big data and other high technology. This shows that China’s high­tech innovation has greatly 31 the quality of people’s lives. China has 32 a new innovative era (时代), thanks to the large amount of 33 that China has spent on encouraging innovation. China is beginning to 34 in innovation in some ways. “The ‘Four New Great Inventions’ have 35 improved the customers’ experiences, and helped national and global (全球的) economy 36 at the same time,” said Charlie Dai, principal analyst (首席分析师) of an American market research company. As a whole, all the Chinese are 37 of their “Four New Great Inventions”. It is increasingly clear that China is innovating and no longer 38 western ideas. More and more foreigners 39 to promote (促进) economic growth of their countries by learning from China’s innovation. 25．A．seemed B．appeared C．looked D．showed 26．A．Old B．New C．Big D．High 27．A．when B．what C．why D．where 28．A．all B．both C．neither D．none 29．A．All of a sudden B．As a result C．In the end D．For example 30．A．in B．on C．to D．from 31．A．improved B．finished C．invented D．wasted 32．A．played B．taken C．entered D．wanted 33．A．people B．water C．electricity D．money 34．A．try B．lead C．win D．value 35．A．surely B．hardly C．nearly D．badly 36．A．develop B．warn C．mean D．live 37．A．proud B．tired C．bored D．satisfied 38．A．helping B．increasing C．copying D．creating 39．A．afford B．repeat C．hope D．wait 三、短文填空（每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Good morning, everyone! My name is Kaspar. I’m a child-sized robot. I have black hair and always wear 40 baseball cap. I am able to move my arms. I can also open and close my mouth and eyes. I can even show several basic emotions, such as happiness, sadness and surprise. I smile 41 I am feeling happy. I 42 (create) by scientists in 2005. My job is to help children with autism understand emotions and language and know how 43 (get) on with people. I am now working in a kindergarten for autistic children. I play with the children once a week. I often speak 44 (slow) to them so that they can better understand what I am saying. I like being touched by these children. However, if a child 45 (hit) me, I will hide my face in my hands and cry out, “Ouch! This hurts.” The child will then know it is wrong to hit others. You might ask if I 46 (help) the children learn some social skills so far. The answer is “yes.” I remember a four-year-old girl in the kindergarten. She used to refuse to be touched by 47 (other) . But after having played with 48 (I) for some time, she is now willing to hug everyone and has made some friends. 49 a robot for autistic children, my greatest wish is to become more helpful to them. I believe that scientists will help me realize my dream. 四、单词拼写（每小题1分，满分10分） 50．The door was l when we arrived, so we had to ring the bell. 51．The victim was w with a knife and bled to death as a result. 52．Please d the children into three groups. 53．He can play many musical i such as the piano, dizi and erhu. 54．Without d , it must belong to Alice because her name is on it. 55．He t this book from English into Chinese last year. 56．The pupils were asked to l the sports they loved most. The teacher wanted to know the students better. 57．—How do you like this kind of yogurt? —Well, I don’t like it. It’s too s for me. 58．In China, people avoid m things like failure, poverty or death at the Spring Festival. Instead, they usually talk about something happy and lucky. 59．Every Mid-autumn Day, Nancy a the moon and shares mooncakes with her family. 五、书面表达（满分17分） 60．电脑是一种发明，它改变了人们的生活，但是电脑有优点，也有缺点。请你以“A Invention—Computer”为题写一篇短文，发表一下对学生玩电脑游戏的看法。词数100词左右。 内容提示： 1.电脑游戏为学生带来娱乐。 2.学生们玩游戏，锻炼了他们的反应能力，扩展了想象力。 3.但有些学生整日整夜地玩，家长们非常担心，因为这会影响学生们的学习和视力。 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 14 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 13 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 6 When was it invented 【B卷·培优卷】 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、阅读理解（每小题2分，共48分） Do you know who was described as “superhuman” by the great inventor and astronomer Galileo? It was Archimedes who solved the king’s problem of the golden crown while taking a bath. He was perhaps one of the most outstanding scientists in the world. He was a mathematician, physicist, engineer, weapon designer and inventor. He was wise in philosophy, active in mathematics and physics. He was also recognized as one of the finest engineers of his time. He was born on the island of Sicily in the city of Syracuse around the year 287 BC and died in 212 BC． Archimedes showed great love for mathematics. He made many discoveries. For example, he determined the exact value of pi. He invented and developed methods similar to calculus (微积分) and used them to find the area of a circle and an accurate estimation (估计值) of the value of pi. Today he is regarded as one of the greatest mathematicians in history. Archimedes used his mathematical skills and talents to create useful inventions. One of his most famous inventions is called the Archimedes’ Screw. It was a device that could lift water to higher levels. One of its first uses was to pump water out from a leaking ship. It is still used today in some places to move water from low places to high places. This invention influenced Leonardo da Vinci as he worked on developing the functioning flying machine. Can you imagine counting the sand in the universe? Archimedes once tried to calculate the number of sand grains in the universe. Obviously, it was impossible but it goes to show that he was too smart. His intellectual curiosity and achievements to mathematics, in general, would go on to encourage other mathematicians as well. Most of his achievements were by far ahead of his time. Archimedes was in deed a genius. 1．What’s the main idea of paragraph 2? A．A brief introduction to Archimedes. B．Archimedes’ discoveries in maths. C．The great inventions of Archimedes. D．Archimedes’ study on the universe. 2．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 3? A．A leaking ship. B．Water from low places. C．The Archimedes’ Screw. D．The functioning flying machine. 3．Which of the following is NOT true according to the article? A．Archimedes was a man with many talents and died at the age of 75. B．Leonardo da Vinci and Archimedes developed the functioning flying machine. C．The Archimedes’ Screw helped lift water from lower places to higher places. D．Archimedes’ achievements will continue to encourage generations of mathematicians. 4．What might be the best title for the article? A．Archimedes and Inventions B．Archimedes and Mathematics C．The Achievements of Archimedes D．The Life Experience of Archimedes 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了阿基米德在数学领域的一些发现。 1．主旨大意题。根据“Archimedes showed great love for mathematics. He made many discoveries.”以及下文可知，本段主要介绍的是阿基米德在数学领域的发现。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据“One of his most famous inventions is called the Archimedes’ Screw. It was a device that could lift water to higher levels. One of its first uses was to pump water out from a leaking ship. It is still used today in some places to move water from low places to high places.”可知，此处介绍的是阿基米德发明的一种螺旋，能将水从低处运到高处，因此it指代“The Archimedes’ Screw”。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“This invention influenced Leonardo da Vinci as he worked on developing the functioning flying machine.”可知，阿基米德螺旋的发明只是影响了达芬奇，发明功能性飞行器的是达芬奇。故选B。 4．最佳标题题。根据“Archimedes showed great love for mathematics…Today he is regarded as one of the greatest mathematicians in history…His intellectual curiosity and achievements to mathematics, in general, would go on to encourage other mathematicians as well”以及全文可知，本文主要介绍的是阿基米德和数学的故事。故选B。 Scientists in Switzerland have used lasers (激光) to change the path of a lightning strike (雷击的路径). The experiment suggests that in the future, lasers might be useful for protecting large buildings from lightning. Lightning can be extremely powerful and cause serious problems on the ground. Lightning strike can cause fires, destroy buildings, and even kill people. The damage from lightning costs billions of dollars every year. In the US, lightning strikes killed close to 450 people between 2006 and 2021. Scientists have been trying to find a way to protect buildings from lightning for a long time. Now the best Way is by putting metal rods (金属竿) on the buildings. These rods are connected to the ground. The lightning is attracted to the rods, which safely guide the electricity into the ground. But lightning rods can only protect a small area. Some buildings—such as airports are so large that it’s difficult to protect the whole building using lightning rods. Another idea is to use lasers to guide lightning. Scientists had been working on the idea for over 20 years. They have successfully guided lightning with lasers inside a lab. But until the summer of 2021, scientists could guide lightning with lasers outside. Using a powerful laser, scientists in Switzerland were able to guide lightning tor meters. The heat from the laser creates a path of air that is less thick than the air around it. The path also has a special charge (电荷). The lightning can follow this path almost as if it were a lightning rod. Scientist Matteo Clerici said, “The fact that we managed to do it in an outdoor environment is a very big step.” But the laser still didn’t guide the lightning as far as the scientists would like. Besides, the laser is also very expensive. The scientists say it cost about $2 billion. It will probably take 10 or more years before a laser like this is truly able to protect large buildings. 5．To know how powerful lightning can be, which paragraph can we read? A．Paragraph 2. B．Paragraph 3. C．Paragraph 4. D．Paragraph 5. 6．What is the laser technology expected to protect? A．High-rise buildings. B．Large buildings. C．Beautiful buildings. D．Important buildings. 7．Why are lasers not used widely for changing the path of lightning strike now? A．Putting metal rods on the buildings is the best way. B．Some buildings are so large that it’s difficult to protect. C．Lasers are only able to guide lightning for a short distance D．Lasers are so expensive that scientists can’t pay for experimenting. 8．What can we learn from what Matteo Clerici said? A．Scientists still need to work harder to achieve a greater success. B．It is not easy for scientists to guide lightning with lasers outside. C．Scientists need to change working environment in next experiments. D．It is a great progress for scientists to guide lightning with lasers outside. 9．What can we get to know at the end of the passage? A．Behind bad luck comes good luck. B．A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step. C．There is still a long way to go before a laser can really work. D．For scientists, working together is better than working alone. 【答案】5．A 6．B 7．C 8．D 9．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了科学家正尝试使用激光技术来改变雷击的路径，以便保护更大的区域范围。 5．细节理解题。根据第二段“Lightning can be extremely powerful and cause serious problems on the ground. ”可知，从第二段我们可以知道闪电有多强大。故选A。 6．推理判断题。根据最后一段“It will probably take 10 or more years before a laser like this is truly able to protect large buildings.”可知，激光技术是被期望于保护大型建筑的，故选B。 7．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Using a powerful laser, scientists in Switzerland were able to guide lightning tor meters”可知，激光只能把闪电导出一小段距离，所以还不能广泛用于改变雷击的路径。故选C。 8．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Scientist Matteo Clerici said, ‘The fact that we managed to do it in an outdoor environment is a very big step.’”可知，从Matteo Clerici的话中，我们可以知道科学家用室外激光引导闪电是一个很大的进步，故选D。 9．推理判断题。根据最后一段“It will probably take 10 or more years before a laser like this is truly able to protect large buildings.”可知，在激光真正发挥作用之前，还有很长的路要走。故选C。 When were the cameras invented? Let’s go into the past. In the 1500s, men made experiments (试验) on cameras that made images. But it was not until the early 1800s that someone found a way to make the pictures permanent (永久的). Then photography was a new technology. Most families couldn’t take pictures themselves. They would turn to a photographer. People didn’t have their own cameras because it was too difficult to take pictures and develop the film (冲洗胶片). In 1884, George Eastman invented a kind of film that fitted back to a small camera to change photography and the new film was easy to use for many people, so they began to buy cameras. When they had used up (用完) their films, people sent their cameras back to the factory. The film was developed in the factory and helped print pictures. Then more and more people could use the cameras and film. Eastman’s invention made it easy to take photos. Today’s cameras are even easier to use and people can put in films themselves. Taking photo has become a growing hobby. There are also many new jobs in the field such as newspapers, magazines and televisions. They all need pictures to tell their stories well. With the help of photographers, scientists can take pictures through microscopes (显微镜) and telescopes (望远镜). Deep-sea divers take pictures of ocean plants and animals, while astronauts take their cameras into space. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 10．In 1884, George Eastman changed photography by inventing a new kind of _______. A．image B．factory C．film D．camera 11．Long ago, people sent their cameras to factory because _______. A．they wanted to have the cameras cleaned B．they wanted their film developed C．they broke their cameras when taking pictures D．they wanted to have their pictures taken by a photographer 12．Why did people begin to buy their own cameras? A．Taking and developing pictures became easier. B．They didn’t like photographers. C．They wanted to see what a camera looked like. D．Cameras are very cheap. 13．Which of the following statements is TRUE? A．Deep-sea divers do not use cameras. B．Photographers can not find jobs today. C．There are different kinds of cameras. D．Eastman found a way to make photographers aid scientists. 14．In a word, the passage is about _______. A．the field of photography B．the life of George Eastman C．how photographers help scientists D．George Eastman invented cameras 【答案】10．C 11．B 12．A 13．C 14．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了摄影技术的发展情况。 10．细节理解题。根据第二段“In 1884, George Eastman invented a kind of film that fitted back to a small camera to change photography and the new film was easy to use for many people, so they began to buy cameras.”可知，1884年，乔治·伊士曼发明了一种可以装在小型相机上的胶片，从而改变了摄影术。故选C。 11．细节理解题。根据第二段“When they had used up their films, people sent their cameras back to the factory. The film was developed in the factory and helped print pictures.”可知，当人们用完胶卷后，就把相机寄回工厂，在那里，胶卷被冲洗出来，然后照片被打印出来。故选B。 12．推理判断题。根据第三段“Eastman’s invention made it easy to take photos. Today’s cameras are even easier to use and people can put in films themselves. Taking photo has become a growing hobby.”可以推断，人们开始买相机主要因为照相和冲洗照片更容易了。故选A。 13．推理判断题。根据最后一段“There are also many new jobs in the field such as newspapers, magazines and televisions. They all need pictures to tell their stories well. With the help of photographers, scientists can take pictures through microscopes and telescopes. Deep-sea divers take pictures of ocean plants and animals, while astronauts take their cameras into space.”可知，在摄影师的帮助下，科学家们可以通过显微镜和望远镜拍摄照片、深海潜水员能拍摄海洋植物和动物的照片、而宇航员则带着他们的相机进入太空；据此可以推断，照相技术已经应用到各个领域，也已成为一种爱好和职业，所以衍生出各种各样的相机。故选C。 14．主旨大意题。综合全文可知，本文主要介绍了摄影技术领域的发展。故选A。 One of my favorite inventions in recent years is face unlocking. Without needing to lift my fingers and type in the numbers, I can get straight into my phone with just a look. Now there is a new technology designed to replace the password called the “passkey”! Passkeys turn your phone into something a bit like a wallet, which you can use to store membership cards to all of your apps and services. When you need to log in to a website, you’ll just have to tap a button on your phone and your passkey wallet will let you in without any worry. And how does it keep this wallet safe? By using the same “biometric (生物统计)” check your phone uses — a face scan or a fingerprint that cannot easily be forged. Passkeys won’t just save us from having to remember passwords but, perhaps logging in with a passkey will actually be much safer than typing a password. This is because it uses a technology called “public key” cryptography (密码) which is one of the building blocks of the Internet — and is how computers have securely communicated with other computers for so many years. To put it simply, it works a bit like a key, instead of a password. With a password, the website has to keep a database (数据库) of everyone’s passwords to check against when you log in. But with a passkey, when you create your account on a website, it will effectively create a new lock and key. The website will keep the lock, ★ . I think it’s a really clever idea, and that passkeys are going to make our digital lives even safer. So, next time you’re complaining that you can’t remember your password, don’t worry too much. It won’t always be like this! 15．The writer explains how the passkeys work by ________. A．giving examples B．listing numbers C．raising questions D．comparing similar things 16．The underlined word “forged” in paragraph 3 means ________. A．copied B．printed C．canceled D．recorded 17．The passkeys are much safer than passwords because of ________. A．biometric check B．cryptography technology C．blocks of Internet D．secure communication 18．Which of the following can be put in ★ ? A．but your phone is safer B．so you won’t forget the key C．or it will remember the key D．and only your phone will have the key 19．The passage is written to ________. A．show passkeys are safer than passwords B．introduce science development C．report the invention of face unlocking D．describe digital lives 【答案】15．D 16．A 17．B 18．D 19．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了新技术——密钥登录。它将取代密码，且比密码更安全。 15．细节理解题。根据第1段“One of my favorite inventions in recent years...there is a new technology designed to replace the password called the ‘passkey’!”可知，作者通过比较类似的东西来解释密钥是如何工作的，故选D。 16．词义猜测题。根据第3段“And how does it keep this wallet safe? By using the same ‘biometric (生物统计)’ check your phone uses — a face scan or a fingerprint that cannot easily be forged.”可知，此处表示面部扫描或不易被伪造的指纹，所以与“copied”的意思相同，都是“复制的”。故选A。 17．细节理解题。根据第4段“logging in with a passkey will actually be much safer than typing a password. This is because it uses a technology called ‘public key’ cryptography”可知，由于加密技术，密钥比密码安全得多，故选B。 18．推理判断题。根据第5段“But with a passkey, when you create your account on a website, it will effectively create a new lock and key. The website will keep the lock,”可知，提到“当您在网站上创建帐户时，它将有效地创建新的锁和钥匙。网站将保持锁定”，此处应说“只有你的手机才会有钥匙”符合题意，D选项可以放入★处，故选D。 19．主旨大意题。根据第1段“Now there is a new technology designed to replace the password called the ‘passkey’!”以及通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了新技术——密钥登录。它将取代密码，且比密码更安全。作者认为密钥让我们的数字生活更安全。因此写这篇文章是为了表明密钥比密码更安全，故选A。 Scientists recently announced the world’s tiniest remote-controlled (远控) robots. These robots are small enough to sit on a coin. The scientists were so excited. 20 The news come from Northwestern University. Last week, scientists at Northwestern University introduced several tiny robots they have created. The tiniest is shaped like a crab and is just half a millimeter (毫米) wide. 21 But they can be controlled from a distance (距离) by using lasers (激光). 22 But the robots are also not too slow because of their tiny size. Right now the robots aren’t all that useful. 23 But the scientists say these robots are an important step toward creating more helpful tiny robots. The scientists say that one day tiny robots like these may be able to work in very small areas, such as human’s vessels (血管). It’s possible that scientists can build very tiny robots. 24 Using similar building methods (方法), the scientists can create a number of different tiny robots. “Our methods allow us to build walking robots with almost any sizes or 3 D shapes,” says John Rodgers, one of the scientists. A．The robots can’t move fast. B．All they can do is only moving. C．The robots don’t have any power of their own. D．They were also able to control the movement of the robot in different directions. E．They predict that one day these robots may work in areas which are too small for tools. F．Hope one day those tiny robots can travel inside the human body to help deal with medical problems! 【答案】20．E 21．C 22．A 23．B 24．F 【导语】本文主要介绍了西北大学的科学家们研制的微型机器人。 20．根据上文“These robots are small enough to sit on a coin. The scientists were so excited.”可知科学家们对这些小机器人很兴奋。E项“他们预测，有一天这些机器人可能会在太小而无法使用工具的区域工作。”符合语境，故选E。 21．根据“But they can be controlled from a distance (距离) by using lasers (激光).”可知这些机器人可以从远处被控制。C项“机器人没有任何自己的力量。”符合语境，故选C。 22．根据“But the robots are also not too slow because of their tiny size.”但是机器人也不会太慢，因为它们的体积很小。可知在谈论它的速度，A项“机器人不能快速移动。”符合语境，故选A。 23．根据“Right now the robots aren’t all that useful.”可知这些小机器人的用处不大。B项“他们所能做的就是移动。”符合语境，故选B。 24．根据“The scientists say that one day tiny robots like these may be able to work in very small areas, such as human’s vessels (血管).”可知此空在说未来微小机器人的用处。F项“希望有一天这些微小的机器人能够在人体内行走，帮助解决医疗问题！”符合语境，故选F。 二、完形填空（每小题1分，满分15分） In ancient times, the “Four Great Inventions” in China had a great influence on the whole world. In recent years, China once again has 25 its ability to change the world with its “Four 26 Great Inventions”: high ­speed railways, mobile payment, bike­ sharing and online shopping. Do you know 27 the new inventions can appear in China? The “Four New Great Inventions” are 28 related to China’s high­tech innovation (创新). 29 , the operating mode (模式) of bike ­sharing is based 30 the satellite navigation system (卫星导航系统), mobile payment, big data and other high technology. This shows that China’s high­tech innovation has greatly 31 the quality of people’s lives. China has 32 a new innovative era (时代), thanks to the large amount of 33 that China has spent on encouraging innovation. China is beginning to 34 in innovation in some ways. “The ‘Four New Great Inventions’ have 35 improved the customers’ experiences, and helped national and global (全球的) economy 36 at the same time,” said Charlie Dai, principal analyst (首席分析师) of an American market research company. As a whole, all the Chinese are 37 of their “Four New Great Inventions”. It is increasingly clear that China is innovating and no longer 38 western ideas. More and more foreigners 39 to promote (促进) economic growth of their countries by learning from China’s innovation. 25．A．seemed B．appeared C．looked D．showed 26．A．Old B．New C．Big D．High 27．A．when B．what C．why D．where 28．A．all B．both C．neither D．none 29．A．All of a sudden B．As a result C．In the end D．For example 30．A．in B．on C．to D．from 31．A．improved B．finished C．invented D．wasted 32．A．played B．taken C．entered D．wanted 33．A．people B．water C．electricity D．money 34．A．try B．lead C．win D．value 35．A．surely B．hardly C．nearly D．badly 36．A．develop B．warn C．mean D．live 37．A．proud B．tired C．bored D．satisfied 38．A．helping B．increasing C．copying D．creating 39．A．afford B．repeat C．hope D．wait 【答案】 25．D 26．B 27．C 28．A 29．D 30．B 31．A 32．C 33．D 34．B 35．A 36．A 37．A 38．C 39．C 【导语】本文主要讲述“新中国四大发明”：高铁，电子支付，共享单车和网上购物。 25．句意：近年来，新中国“四大发明”再次展示了中国改变世界的能力。 seemed似乎；appeared出现；looked看；showed展示。根据“China once again has…its ability to change the world”可知，此处是指中国再次展示能力。故选D。 26．句意：近年来，新中国“四大发明”再次展示了中国改变世界的能力。 Old老的；New新的；Big大的；High高的。根据后文“The ‘Four New Great Inventions’ are”可知，在古时候，中国有“四大发明”，最近几年，中国有了新的“四大发明”。故选B。 27．句意：你知道为什么新的发明能够出现在中国吗？ when什么时候；what什么；why为什么；where哪里。根据后文“The ‘Four New Great Inventions’ are…related to China’s hightech innovation (创新).”可知，此处是提问为什么新的发明能够出现在中国，后文给出了原因。故选C。 28．句意：“新四大发明”都与中国高科技创新有关。 all全部；both两者都；neither两者都不；none没有任何。根据“The “Four New Great Inventions” are…related to China’s hightech innovation (创新).”可知，此处是指新的四大发明全都与中国高科技创新有关。故选A。 29．句意：例如共享单车的运营模式基于卫星导航系统、移动支付、大数据等高科技。 All of a sudden突然间；As a result因此；In the end最后；For example例如。根据“…the operating mode (模式) of bike sharing…”可知，空处后的内容为举例共享单车来说明离不开科技创新。故选D。 30．句意：例如共享单车的运营模式基于卫星导航系统、移动支付、大数据等高科技。 in在……里面；on在……上；to到；from来自。根据“…the operating mode (模式) of bike sharing is based…the satellite navigation system”可知，此处为固定短语be based on“以……为基础”。故选B。 31．句意：这说明中国的高科技创新极大改善了人们的生活质量。 improved改善；finished结束；invented发明；wasted浪费。根据“This shows that China’s hightech innovation has greatly…the quality of people’s lives.”可知，中国的高科技创新改善了人们的生活质量。故选A。 32．句意：由于中国为鼓励创新投入了大量资金，中国已经进入了一个新的创新时代。 played扮演；taken拿；entered进入；wanted想要。根据“China has…a new innovative era (时代)”可知，此处是指进入新时代。故选C。 33．句意：由于中国为鼓励创新投入了大量资金，中国已经进入了一个新的创新时代。 people人；water水；electricity电；money钱。根据“…thanks to the large amount of…that China has spent on encouraging innovation.”可知，此处是指花钱，spent money。故选D。 34．句意：中国在某些方面开始引领创新。 try尝试；lead引领；win赢；value价值。根据“China is beginning to…in innovation in some ways.”可知，lead in“引领”，此处是指中国开始引领创新。故选B。 35．句意：“四大新发明”确实改善了顾客的体验。 surely确实；hardly几乎不；nearly几乎；badly糟糕地。根据“The ‘Four New Great Inventions’ have…improved the customers’ experiences”可知，“四大新发明”确实改善了顾客的体验。故选A。 36．句意：同时帮助发展了国家和全球经济。 develop发展；warn警示；mean意思是；live生活。根据“…and helped national and global (全球的) economy…at the same time”可知，高科技创新能发展经济。故选A。 37．句意：总体来说，全体中国人都为他们的“新四大发明”感到自豪。 proud自豪的；tired疲惫的；bored厌烦的；satisfied满意的 。根据“As a whole, all the Chinese are…of their ‘Four New Great Inventions’”可知，新的四大发明造福广大人民，人民为此感到自豪。故选A。 38．句意：越来越明显的是，中国正在创新，不再复制西方的理念。 helping帮助；increasing增长；copying复制；creating创造。根据“It is increasingly clear that China is innovating and no longer…western ideas.”可知，中国正在自主创新，不再复制西方的理念。故选C。 39．句意：越来越多的外国人希望通过学习中国的创新来促进他们国家的经济增长。 afford支付；repeat重复；hope希望；wait等待。根据“More and more foreigners…to promote (促进) economic growth of their countries by learning from”可知，越来越多的外国人希望能学习中国的创新来促进自己国家的经济增长。故选C。 三、短文填空（每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Good morning, everyone! My name is Kaspar. I’m a child-sized robot. I have black hair and always wear 40 baseball cap. I am able to move my arms. I can also open and close my mouth and eyes. I can even show several basic emotions, such as happiness, sadness and surprise. I smile 41 I am feeling happy. I 42 (create) by scientists in 2005. My job is to help children with autism understand emotions and language and know how 43 (get) on with people. I am now working in a kindergarten for autistic children. I play with the children once a week. I often speak 44 (slow) to them so that they can better understand what I am saying. I like being touched by these children. However, if a child 45 (hit) me, I will hide my face in my hands and cry out, “Ouch! This hurts.” The child will then know it is wrong to hit others. You might ask if I 46 (help) the children learn some social skills so far. The answer is “yes.” I remember a four-year-old girl in the kindergarten. She used to refuse to be touched by 47 (other) . But after having played with 48 (I) for some time, she is now willing to hug everyone and has made some friends. 49 a robot for autistic children, my greatest wish is to become more helpful to them. I believe that scientists will help me realize my dream. 【答案】 40．a 41．when/while/as 42．was created 43．to get 44．slowly 45．hits 46．have helped 47．others 48．me 49．As 【导语】本文介绍了帮助自闭症儿童的机器人Kaspar。 40．句意：我长着黑色的头发，总是戴着一顶棒球帽。cap为单数名词，且baseball为辅音音素开头的单词，其前应用不定冠词a表泛指。故填a。 41．句意：我感到开心时我会笑。根据“I am feeling happy”可知此处可用when或while甚至as来引导时间状语从句。故填when/while/as。 42．句意：我是在2005年被科学家创造出来的。根据“in 2005”可知句子应用一般过去时，主语I和动词create存在逻辑上的被动关系，句子应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为I，be动词应用was。故填was created。 43．句意：我的工作是帮助自闭症儿童理解情感和语言，并了解如何与人相处。根据“and know how”可知此处应用“疑问词+动词不定式”作宾语。故填to get。 44．句意：我经常很慢地和他们说话，以便他们更好地理解我在说什么。副词slowly修饰动词speak。故填slowly。 45．句意：然而，如果有小孩打我，我就会用手捂住脸，大喊：“哎哟！这很疼。”根据“I will”可知遵循if引导的条件状语从句“主将从现”原则，因此此空用一般现在时，主语为a child，谓语用三单形式。故填hits。 46．句意：您可能会问，到目前为止我是否帮助了孩子们学习了一些社交技能。根据“so far”可知其所在的宾语从句用现在完成时，主语为I，用have done的结构，故填have helped。 47．句意：她过去常常拒绝别人碰她。根据“She used to refuse to be touched by”可知是指拒绝别人碰她，others“其他人”，故填others。 48．句意：但在和我玩了一段时间后，她现在愿意拥抱每个人，并结交了一些朋友。介词with后接人称代词宾格me，故填me。 49．句意：作为一名自闭症儿童的机器人，我最大的愿望是能更多的帮助他们。根据“a robot for autistic children,”可知是指作为一名自闭症儿童的机器人，as“作为”，故填As。 四、单词拼写（每小题1分，满分10分） 50．The door was l when we arrived, so we had to ring the bell. 【答案】(l)ocked 【详解】句意：当我们到达时门被锁着，所以我们按了门铃。根据首字母提示和语境可知本题考查单词lock“锁上”，动词。主语the door和谓语lock是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态，其谓语结构为“be+过去分词”。故填(l)ocked。 51．The victim was w with a knife and bled to death as a result. 【答案】(w)ounded 【详解】句意：受害者被刀刺伤，流血致死。分析句子，可知此处为被动语态（be+done），故空处应填过去分词；根据“with a knife and bled to death as a result”，可知受害者是被人用刀刺伤，流血致死的；结合首字母提示，可知空处应填(w)ounded“使受伤，伤害（wound的过去分词）”。故填(w)ounded。 52．Please d the children into three groups. 【答案】(d)ivide 【详解】句意：请把孩子们分成三组。根据首字母提示d可知，divide表示“分开”，divide…into…“把……分成”为固定搭配。本句是祈使句，使用动词原形，故填(d)ivide。 53．He can play many musical i such as the piano, dizi and erhu. 【答案】(i)nstruments 【详解】句意：他会演奏许多乐器，如钢琴、笛子和二胡。结合“such as the piano, dizi and erhu.”和首字母i可知，钢琴、笛子和二胡都属于乐器，instrument“乐器”，many后接复数名词。故填(i)nstruments。 54．Without d , it must belong to Alice because her name is on it. 【答案】(d)oubt 【详解】句意：毫无疑问，它一定是爱丽丝的，因为上面有她的名字。根据“it must belong to Alice because her name is on it.”可知，这是肯定推测，结合语境和首字母“d”可知，此处考查介词短语without doubt“毫无疑问”。故填(d)oubt。 55．He t this book from English into Chinese last year. 【答案】(t)ranslated 【详解】句意：去年他把这本书从英文翻译成中文。根据“He...this book from English into Chinese”可知空处表示“翻译”translate，且句子用一般过去时，translated过去式，故填(t)ranslated。 56．The pupils were asked to l the sports they loved most. The teacher wanted to know the students better. 【答案】(l)ist 【详解】句意：学生们被要求列出他们最喜欢的运动。老师想更好地了解学生。根据“The pupils were asked to …the sports they loved most”及首字母可知，列出他们最喜欢的运动，list“列出”，be asked to do sth“被要求做某事”，故填(l)ist。 57．—How do you like this kind of yogurt? —Well, I don’t like it. It’s too s for me. 【答案】(s)our 【详解】句意：——你喜欢这种酸奶吗？——嗯，我不喜欢它。它对我来说太酸了。根据“How do you like this kind of yogurt”可知酸奶太酸了，所以不喜欢这种酸奶，作表语用形容词sour“酸的”。故填(s)our。 58．In China, people avoid m things like failure, poverty or death at the Spring Festival. Instead, they usually talk about something happy and lucky. 【答案】(m)entioning 【详解】句意：在中国，人们避免在春节提及失败、贫穷或死亡等事情。相反，他们通常谈论一些快乐和幸运的事情。根据“In China, people avoid m...things like failure, poverty or death at the Spring Festival.”可知，人们避免在春节提及失败、贫穷或死亡等事情。mention“提及”，avoid doing sth“避免做某事”，故填(m)entioning。 59．Every Mid-autumn Day, Nancy a the moon and shares mooncakes with her family. 【答案】(a)dmires 【详解】句意：每个中秋节，南希都会同家人赏月，分享月饼。根据“Mid-autumn Day”，可知赏月。admire“欣赏”，因Nancy作主语，谓语动词用三单形式。故填(a)dmires。 五、书面表达（满分17分） 60．电脑是一种发明，它改变了人们的生活，但是电脑有优点，也有缺点。请你以“A Invention—Computer”为题写一篇短文，发表一下对学生玩电脑游戏的看法。词数100词左右。 内容提示： 1.电脑游戏为学生带来娱乐。 2.学生们玩游戏，锻炼了他们的反应能力，扩展了想象力。 3.但有些学生整日整夜地玩，家长们非常担心，因为这会影响学生们的学习和视力。 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文： A Invention—Computer It is believed that computer is a great invention that influences people’s life and changes the world. It has advantages as well as the disadvantages. Many people would like to play computer games because they can relax themselves and make new friends on the Internet. Some students think playing computer games will make them think differently and act quickly. It will also benefit their imagination. But for the students, it seems that computers bring more disadvantages because most of the students can’t control themselves and they can’t balance the study and the entertainment. Parents and teachers are also worried because playing computer games for too long will be bad for their study and eyes. All in all, computer is a great invention if people can use it properly. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇议论文。从玩电脑游戏的利弊进行分析； ②时态：一般现在时； ③提示：从内容上分为玩游戏的优点，玩游戏的缺点，最后做总结，可适当发挥。 [写作步骤] 第一步，将文章分为总体引入，中间分析优点和缺点，最后总结三个部分； 第二步，初步形成文章，注意前后逻辑； 第三步，用适当的句型和短语对文章进行升级，并注意连接词的使用。 [亮点词汇] ①influences people’s life and changes the world影响人们的生活并改变世界； ②benefit their imagination有益于他们的想象力； ③balance the study and the entertainment平衡学习和娱乐。 [高分句型] ①It is believed that computer is a great invention that influences people’s life and changes the world.(it作形式主语) ②Some students think playing computer games will make them think differently and act quickly.(宾语从句) ③Parents and teachers are also worried because playing computer games for too long will be bad for their study and eyes. (原因状语从句) 14 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 13 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$