Unit 4 Grammar导学案2023-2024学年牛津译林版英语八年级下册

实验初级中学八年级英语组 编制人： 审核人： 八年级英语学习指南4 （8B Unit 4 Grammar） 班级 组别 姓名 学号 等次________ 【预习指南】 预习课本第54-56页的内容，初步了解“疑问词+动词不定式”和“must / have to”的用法。 【教材解析】 1. “疑问词+动词不定式”的用法（注意：why不可以与动词不定式连用） 1) “疑问词+动词不定式”作动词的宾语 常和此结构连用的动词及动词短语有：know, learn, see, hear, ask, tell, decide, explain（解释）, find out, forget, remember, understand, wonder等。 e.g. I don’t know what to say next. 2) “疑问词+动词不定式”放在“动词+宾语”后，构成双宾语结构 象这样可以接双宾语的动词有：advise, ask, show, teach, tell等。 e.g. Please tell me how to get there. Would you mind showing me how to start this online tour? 3) 有些疑问词(如：what, which, whose, how many等)后面可接名词，再加动词不定式 e.g. She wondered how many subjects to choose. 4) 在“疑问词+动词不定式”前，有时也可用如sure, clear等的形容词 e.g. Are you clear when to hand in your homework? 5) “疑问词+动词不定式”在句子中还可以作主语和表语 e.g. How to deal with the problem is most important to us. (作主语) The problem is when to leave the place. (作表语) 6) “疑问词+动词不定式”结构可以改写成由该疑问词引导的从句 e.g. I don’t know what to do. = I don’t know what I should do. 2. must / have to的用法 1) must表示主观义务和必要。主要用于肯定句和疑问句，意思是“必须，得，要”。 2) must的否定形式must not表示禁止，意思是“不能，不允许”。 3) must还可以表示肯定猜测，意思是“一定”。否定的猜测是can’t。 e.g. You must be hungry after all that walking. （表示肯定猜测） That can’t be Lucy. She has gone to American. （表示否定的猜测） 4) have to 表客观需要，意为“不得不”。侧重于客观上的必要，强调客观条件作用的结果。have to有人称和数的变化。否定形式是don't have to意为“不必”，= needn’t。 e.g. Mum is out, so I have to look after the shop. (表客观需要) 【预习检测】 一、根据中文提示，用“疑问词+动词不定式”结构完成下列句子（词数不限） 1. Millie has decided ___________________.（该读什么） 2. Daniel did not say _________________________ about this book.（该和谁交谈） 3. Sandy is wondering __________________________.（该去哪求助） 4. Mr Wu _____________________________ as after-school activities.（建议我们该选哪个） 5.The students _____________________________ their book report.（问他们的老师何时上交） 6. Daniel _______________________________ a computer to draw.（自学如何使用） 7. He hasn’t decided _______________________________.（选择哪门科目） 8. Are you clear ________________________________________?（何时归还图书） 二、根据句意，选用must, mustn’t, have to或者don’t have to完成句子 1. As students, we ______________ hand in our work on time. 2. Look at the sign . You ______________ take photos here. 3. He ______________ be tired after a hard day’s work. 4. The twins ______________ look after themselves at home. Because their mother is ill. 5. – Must I bring my student card every time I go to the library? – No, you __________________. 【当堂反馈】 三、单项选择 ( ) 1. Linda doesn’t know ______ about her problems. A. who to talk B. where to talk to C. who to talk to D. how to talk to ( ) 2. – Must I return the book this week? – No, you ______. You can ______ it for 20 days. A. mustn’t; keep B. needn’t; borrow C. needn’t; keep D. mustn’t; borrow ( ) 3. – I can’t stop playing computer games. – For your health, I am afraid you ______. A. can B. may C. must D. have to ( ) 4. No one can take the magazines home. We should ______ before leaving the reading room. A. hand in them B. hand them in C. give away them D. give them away ( ) 5.That ______ Mr. White. He’s gone abroad on business. A. must be B. mustn’t be C. may be D. can’t be 【能力提升】 四、完形填空 Ever since I was a child, my mouth has caused me trouble. I’m not a bad person. However, I have a 1 time learning when to keep my mouth closed. My mom has told me many times, “Robert, your constant(不断的) bad words are hurting me. If you 2 to be this rude, you will get into big trouble.” It’s been a problem at school several times, too when teachers have told me something I didn’t want to hear. I used to feel it was my duty to 3 myself. One day in English class I was working on my homework when I heard a classmate 4 behind me. It was Nathaniel, who liked doing that as usual. At first, I said very 5 , “Nathaniel, would you please be quiet?” However, Nathaniel kept talking to himself. I quickly 6 , “Nathaniel, shut up!” For the next five minutes, we threw hurtful words back and forth at each other. “At least I don’t have an ugly lazy eye like you!” I cried out. I knew this would make him 7 . It would hurt his feelings and shut him up. What I said filled him with anger. He tried to 8 over my seat and catch me as he screamed, “That’s it! That’s it!” 9 at his reaction(反应), I sat back in my seat. I had never seen Nathaniel act like this before. Later on, we were taken to the teacher’s office. There, Mr. Black, our English teacher, told us to 10 the matter. It wasn’t until then that I finally found that 11 I hurt someone’s body, the wounds finally heal(愈合). But when I hurt them with my 12 , sometimes the pain never goes away. At the end of the discussion, I said 13 to Nathaniel. When I went back to my room, I spent some time praying(祈祷). I began to 14 how often what I said hurt others. But I believe that as I keep praying and asking God to help me, he’ll tell me when to keep my 15 closed. ( ) 1. A. busy B. hard C. happy D. fantastic ( ) 2.A. decide B. like C. continue D. try ( ) 3.A. support B. study C. save D. stop ( ) 4.A. singing B. reading C. beating D. talking ( ) 5.A. clearly B. nicely C. carelessly D. angrily ( ) 6.A. repeated B. answered C. replied D. shouted ( ) 7.A. nervous B. afraid C. sad D. bored ( ) 8.A. fall B. look C. hand D. reach ( ) 9.A. Angry B. Surprised C. Nervous D. Happy ( ) 10.A. discuss B. speak C. talk D. reply ( ) 11.A. while B. after C. when D. where ( ) 12.A. words B. action C. ideas D. experience ( ) 13.A. goodbye B. thanks C. sorry D. okay ( ) 14.A. talk about B. hear about C. care about D. think about ( ) 15.A. eyes B. mouth C. windows D. door 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$