专题07 阅读理解之议论文10篇（江苏名校期中真题）-2024-2025学年高一英语上学期期中复习查缺补漏冲刺满分（译林版2020）

江苏省盐城市经贸高级职业学校（盐城市高级职业学校）2023-2024学年高一上学期11月期中英语试题 There is an old Chinese proverb that states “One generation plants the trees; another gets the shade,” and this is how it should be with mothers and daughters. The relationship between a mother and a daughter is sometimes confusing. The relationship can be similar to friendship. However, the mother and daughter relationship has unique characteristics that distinguish it from a friendship. These characteristics include a hierarchy (等级) of responsibilities and unconditional love, which preclude mothers and daughters from being best friends. Marina, 27 years old, said, “I love spending time with my mom, but I wouldn’t consider her my best friend. Best friends don’t pay for your wedding. Best friends don’t remind you how they carried you in their body and gave you life! Best friend: don’t tell you how wise they are because they have been alive at least 20 years longer than you.” This doesn’t mean that the mother and daughter relationship can’t be very close and satisfying. While some adult relationships are still troubled, many find them to be extremely rewarding. This generation of mothers and adult daughters has a lot in common, which increases the likelihood of shared companionship. Mothers and daughters have always shared the common experience of being homemakers, responsible for maintaining and passing on family values and traditions. Today contemporary mothers and daughters also share the experience of the workforce and technology, which may bring them even closer together. Best friends may or may not continue to be best friends, but for better or worse, the mother and daughter relationship is permanent, even if for some unfortunate reason they aren’t speaking. The mother and child relationship is closer than any other. There is not an equal relationship. Daughters should not feel responsible for their mother’s emotional well-being. It isn’t that they don’t care deeply about their mothers. It’s just that they shouldn’t be burdened with their mother’s well-being. The mother and daughter relationship is a relationship that is not replaceable by any other. Mothers never stop being mothers, which includes frequently wanting to protect their daughters and often feeling responsible for their happiness. Mothers always “trump (胜过)” friends. 9．What does the underlined word “preclude” in paragraph 1 probably mean? A．differ B．prevent C．benefit D．change 10．What do we know from the text? A．The mother and daughter relationship can be replaced by a best friend. B．A mother’s love brings her and her daughter a close friendship. C．The mother and daughter relationship goes beyond best friends’ friendship. D．Marina has a troubled relationship with her mother. 11．How does the author mainly prove his statements? A．By listing data. B．By giving explanations. C．By quoting sayings. D．By giving examples. 12．What is the best title for the text? A．How to Be a Good Mother and Daughter? B．Who Is a Mother’s Best Friend? C．Mothers or Friends? D．Can a Mother Be a Daughter’s Best Friend? 江苏省梅村高级中学2023-2024学年高一上学期期中考试英语试卷 If you are reading this, you were probably born in the 2000s. The oh-ohs. The 21st century. That would make you young, creative, and no doubt smart. Maybe good-looking, too. Right? But what do other people think about your generation? Some adults worry that you’re more interested in the screen in front of you than the world around you. They think of you as the “face-down generation” because you use your phone so much. They wonder how you will deal with school, friends and family. Are today’s teenagers too busy texting and taking selfies(自拍)to become successful in real life—or “IRL”, as you would say? Other adults worry that today’s youth are spoilt (溺爱) and don’t want to face the challenges of adult life. Many children born in the 1990s and 2000s were raised by “helicopter parents” who were always there to guide and help their children with a busy schedule filled with homework and after-school activities such as dancing, drawing, or sports. With parents who do everything for them, today’s youth seem to prefer to live like teenagers even when they are in their 20s or 30s. Does the face-down generation need a heads-up? Well, probably not. The fact is that many of today’s teenagers are better educated and more creative than past generations. They also seem to be willing to become leaders. More young people than ever volunteer to help their communities. There are also brave young people such as Malala Yousafzai, the teenager who won the 2014 Noble Peace Prize for pushing girls’ rights to go to school. So if you’re one of the oh-ohs, there’s no reason to be worried about the future. Things are looking up for the face-down generation. Chances are that you do GR8(great)and LOL(laugh out loud). 4．Who is this passage written for? A．The teenagers B．The teachers C．The parents D．The oh-ohs 5．What do helicopter parents always do? A．Help and direct their children. B．Do homework instead of children. C．Guide children to face challenges. D．Plan a busy schedule for children. 6．How does the writer feel about the younger generation? A．Anxious. B．Confident. C．Satisfied. D．Helpless 7．What can we learn according to the passage? A．Parents should put down their phones. B．Young people should be better educated. C．The oh-ohs should be hopeful about the future. D．Face-down generation should raise their heads. 江苏省宿迁青华中学2023-2024学年高一上学期期中考试英语试卷 How would you live a life without your smartphone? For many of us, it’s the tool we are hooked on — looking at it hundreds of times a day. We depend on it to perform a lot of tasks and to connect with our friends and family. But have we become addicted(上瘾) to our phones? Certainly, the inventor of the first mobile phone, American engineer Martin Cooper, thinks we might be. In a BBC interview, he suggested people should stop flooding the screen and “get a life”. But once we start watching the screen or videos, we just can’t kick the habit. Psychologist Jean Twenge says, “we’re all guilty of unconsciously checking our phones if waiting for a text or getting really into social media, then looking up and realizing that an hour has passed.” There’s even a word — a phubber — to describe a person who ignores the real people around because they’re concentrating on their phones. But does it matter if we make the most of this technology? Possibly, because like a drug, the problem arises when it is taken away. A study from King’s College London found young people couldn’t control the amount of time they spend on their phone. Such addictive behaviour means that people become ‘anxious’ or ‘upset’ if they are asked to stop using their phone frequently, which can cause anxiety and mental health problems. Interestingly, another study by the London School of Economics and Political Science suggests we don’t just look at our phones because we are reminded to by a text or email. The people they studied felt automatically eager to interact with their phone, just as a smoker would light a cigarette. Prof Saadi Lahlou, co-author of the study, told the BBC: “We must learn tricks to avoid the temptation(诱惑) when we want to concentrate or have good social relations.” One solution could be an app that rewards students for time spent away from their phones. Another option is changing your smartphone to a dumbphone that has none of the attractions on it. But mainly, perhaps, we just need to look up more and reconnect with the real world! 28．What do the underlined words “are hooked on” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A．Are    crazy about. B．Are eager for. C．Are responsible for. D．Are independent of. 29．What do people call the person who ignores the real world because of smartphones? A．A gamer. B．A phubber. C．A smoker. D．A teenager. 30．What makes people become anxious in Paragraph 3? A．Breaking their habits of watching videos. B．Losing control of the time on their phones. C．Being stopped using their phones more often. D．Being stuck in serious mental health problems. 31．What’s the purpose of the text? A．To show a newly-found problem. B．To point out the importance of phones. C．To encourage people to use dumbphone. D．To call on people to use phones properly. 江苏省泰州中学2023-2024学年高一上学期期中考试英语试卷 We’re always encouraging students to read fiction (小说). We push them towards the library doors, wave the latest David Walliams bestsellers in their faces and catch them in the passage suggesting they read the latest novels. But do we ever point them in the direction of newspaper websites, travel guides or historical reports? The ability to read and write isn’t just about how often students pick up books; it’s also about the types of texts they read. And that should mean as much non-fiction as fiction. This does present challenges, as Doug Lemov said in Reading Reconsidered, “Understanding non-fiction needs a strong base of knowledge, but reading non-fiction is also one of the primary ways such a base of knowledge is built.” This is why we must introduce non-fiction to children from an early age. The more non-fiction young people read in school, with the guidance of teachers, the more chances they will have to build up a large store of background knowledge to help them understand more difficult texts later on. To do this, we must give more lesson time to non-fiction. Every teacher in every subject also needs to take responsibility for this. Reading has something to do with all subjects, all of which come with their own reading difficulties. Lemov suggests students should be given the chance to read more than one text on any given topic. So, when learning about the Battle of Waterloo in history, why not read some articles about the event? And when studying Dickens in English, why not read it alongside some parts chosen from his own Sketches by Boz? For non-fiction to be most helpful for students, it should be as undiluted as possible. Texts should keep their non-fiction features (特点) and difficult words should not be taken away to create a simpler text. In fact, non-fiction is one of the best ways to make students learn difficult words. It is also easy to find a huge number of non-fiction texts online. You can even share sources with students. This is especially important for those students going into higher education. 5．The author raises the question in Paragraph 3 to ______. A．compare different ideas B．doubt a common practice C．show the necessity of reading D．question why students read fiction 6．Why should teachers spend more lesson time on non-fiction? A．To increase students’ understanding. B．To get students to study independently. C．To find excellent students. D．To make lessons changeable. 7．What does Lemov suggest teachers in every subject do to help students? A．Teach them to learn from history. B．Help them with reading difficulties. C．Encourage them to read related articles. D．Sha re stories of famous people with them. 8．What does the underlined word “undiluted” in the last but one paragraph mean? A．Easy. B．Popular. C．Unexpected. D．Unchanged. 江苏省泰州中学2023-2024学年高一上学期期中考试英语试卷 My father Ed Kobbeman built his own house after he married my mother, so it wasn’t too surprising when he proudly showed me his latest creation—the outhouse (户外厕所). The traditional sun and moon were cut out of the front door. There was a fancy (精致的) seat inside. It was, indeed, a fine outhouse. Dad said he wanted to use his creation in the outhouse races, where teams must pull or push their homemade outhouse to compete. To be in this event, Dad found some old wheels in his storage area. On the day of the race, Dad’s nephews and great-niece arrived. The four made up the outhouse racing team, along with one great-niece weighing a hundred pounds, chosen to ride on the seat inside. In the sun of that hot day in June, the teams lined up. The starting shot rang out. The red-shirted Kobbeman team led the way and turned to make their way back to the start/ finish line. Just then, disaster happened. The hard rubber on the wheels started peeling off (剥落). The nephews hung on for the last few meters, barely winning the first race by great strength of will and brute force (蛮力) as they lifted that outhouse off the ground across the start/finish line. But there was no hope for the second round. I stood there, ready to cry. Ten minutes later I realized Dad was nowhere to be seen. How could he just leave like that? Soon the announcer was telling the participants (参赛者) to get ready. Just then Dad turned up with new wheels. We changed the wheels and won the next four races. On the way home, I asked my dad, “Where did you go? And where did you get those new wheels?” My father took a deep breath. “Well,” he said, “I ran two blocks to the car, unlocked it, drove home, ran into the house, got the key to the storage, ran out there, unlocked the garage, pulled my new lawnmower (割草机) out on the grass, took some tools, pulled off the wheels and threw them in the car.” I couldn’t believe my ears. “Dad, why did you do that in this heat? You had a heart attack ten years ago. What if you couldn’t come back on time?” He smiled, “Well, I just couldn’t let the boys down. They worked so hard. There was a problem, and it just needed to be fixed. That’s all.” 9．Why did the author’s father build the outhouse? A．He wanted to take part in the outhouse races. B．He hoped to show off his artistic creativity. C．He aimed to train his nephews and great-niece. D．He decided to make his family locally famous. 10．What was the disaster mentioned in Paragraph 4? A．The Kobbeman team pushed the outhouse to the start line. B．The Kobbeman team felt too weak to take part in the second round. C．The outhouse’s wheels started to fall apart near the end of the first round. D．The outhouse’s wheels couldn’t turn with a few meters left in the first round. 11．How did the author feel just when she learned what her father had done before the second round? A．Bored. B．Ashamed. C．Sad. D．Worried. 12．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．An interesting story of my father B．What I learned in the outhouse races C．An amazingly funny race in June D．What we should do in a disaster 江苏省响水中学2023-2024学年高一上学期期中考试英语试卷 Is looking fashionable more important than being comfortable? Many people seem to think so, judging (判断) by the things they wear. But fashion is not everything. It is more important to be a healthy and good person. People go to great lengths to be fashionable. Some people think they have to have a certain body type, so they go on extreme, unhealthy diets in order to change their bodies. In addition, many women wear uncomfortable fashions, such as high-heeled shoes that cause pain to their feet, and tight body shapers that limit blood flow. Men and women alike spend time and money on products that change their natural hair color or hairstyle. Some people even spend several hours a day in front of a mirror. Is fashion so important that people spend so much time and effort changing what they look like? If the purpose of fashion is to make a person feel good, it does not make sense that he or she would go through so much discomfort to be fashionable. Fashion should not come first. People should put their health and positive image in the first place. What people wear does not say anything about their personalities. Instead of spending hours choosing a dress, perhaps you should call your friends and do something together, such as playing soccer or badminton. Instead of going on strict diets and forcing yourself to stay hungry, why not eat some healthy foods and then exercise? By doing these things, you can keep a healthy lifestyle and truly grow as a person. 12．Why does the author include a question in the first paragraph? A．To enrich the content. B．To introduce a new topic. C．To present different ideas. D．To encourage readers to doubt. 13．What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A．The fact about fashion industry. B．Reasons why fashion is important. C．The price to pay for being fashionable. D．Products popular with fashion followers. 14．Which of the following activities would the author most likely recommend? A．Going skiing with friends. B．Starting a new diet with a friend. C．Changing hairstyles every week. D．Shopping for fashionable clothes. 15．What is the author’s main purpose in writing the text? A．To introduce the latest fashion trends. B．To tell readers how to remain fashionable. C．To advise readers to value health over fashion. D．To show readers advantages and disadvantages of dieting. 江苏省南京市金陵中学2023-2024学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题 Danone Portugal introduced a new yogurt named Juntos. For every pack of yogurt that a person bought, he would donate yogurt to a family in need. Danone had done its research. Increasingly, people say they want to buy from brands that give them a sense of purpose. Surely a yogurt that helped the needy would be appealing. But Juntos was a failure. Despite sinking millions into a marketing campaign, Danone pulled Juntos from the market only months after it was launched. Now the same product is simply marketed as a tasty yogurt. What happened? To find the reason behind Juntos’ failure, Lawrence Williams and his colleagues did an experiment where they showed people some products and asked these people to pick one option. They reminded some to focus on the “purposeful and valuable” aspect while others were told to “enjoy themselves” and focus on “delight and pleasure.” They found that participants who prioritized meaning preferred the less expensive product when compared with people who put pleasure in the first place. So why were meaning-seekers cheaping out? Lawrence Williams asked participants to explain their decision-making to find out. He learned that meaning-oriented people were not thinking about how the product they might buy could bring meaning to their lives. Instead, they were occupied with what else they could do with their money. I am all for people making wise and strategic financial choices. But cheap products can create many problems. Inexpensive options often do not last as long as the higher-end ones. As a result, we shop more often, which is ultimately worse for our wallets. Plus, that spending pattern can do a greater damage to the environment. Thanks in part to fast fashion, people buy 60 percent more clothing today than they did 15 years ago. The fashion industry alone emits more greenhouse gases than international flights and maritime (海洋的) shipping combined. So before you dive into your wallet for some deals, try not to fix only on what you are spending or saving. Think carefully about what you are buying, too. 12．What is the main reason for the failure of Juntos? A．It ignored marketing strategies. B．It priced itself relatively high. C．It lacked a particularly good taste. D．It focused on delight and pleasure. 13．What can be inferred about meaning seekers? A．They frequent high-end stores. B．They think products extend their lives. C．They hesitate to make decisions. D．They make more purchases with money. 14．How is Paragraph 4 mainly developed? A．By giving some examples. B．By listing numbers and data. C．By explaining reasons. D．By making some comparisons. 15．Which is the most suitable title for the text? A．Innovation: a Product’s Life B．To Buy or not to Buy C．Meaning seekers or Quality-pursuers D．Fast Fashion: a Hit to Your Wallet 江苏省溧阳市2023-2024学年高一上学期期中阶段考试英语试卷 In most cases, people pick the easiest way out: the path of least resistance. Yet, it is the hard choice — the path of most resistance — that is more beneficial and provides most success in the long run. How do these paths differ? What are the dangers of an easy life? What are the rewards for a hard life? Taking the path of least resistance means choosing the easiest available option, without thinking about its long-term consequences. For example, you eat whatever and whenever you like. It may feel nice at first but they have a very high price — guaranteed obesity (肥胖). Most people in modern world follow this path, and this is why so many people struggle without self-control, good habits, etc. The path of most resistance is about choosing the option that will lead to more personal growth, even if it means suffering in the early stage. For example, it may cost you a lot to quit watching TV for hours. But over the long term, you’ll free up a lot of time that will lead to a more satisfying lite than that of a couch potato. At first sight, this way is unattractive. It requires effort and loss of pleasure, and leads to potential suffering. Yet, on the other side of all that lies a world of more confidence and self-control. In the end, they more than make up for the passing shallow pleasures. We’re lazy by nature. Some may point out that because of this laziness that we now enjoy so many wonders of technology that people in the past would kill to have. But ask the same individuals praising laziness if they would be happy living a life where everything is given to them the moment they think about it. They would have zero difficulties, no aims in life and no obstacle to get over and no wise human would want such an existence. 12．How does the author show the dangers of choosing the easy path? A．By asking questions. B．By giving examples. C．By giving explanations. D．By making a comparison. 13．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 3 refer to? A．Watching TV for hours. B．Getting shallow pleasures. C．Having many life struggles. D．Choosing the path of most resistance. 14．Which of the following would the author agree with? A．Life is to be enjoyed, not suffered. B．There should be some challenges in life. C．Set your lite goals as early as possible. D．Good habits provide short-term pleasures. 15．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A．To tell us humans are lazy by nature. B．To encourage us to take the hard path of life. C．To prove that laziness leads to wonders in life. D．To show the common lifestyles of young people. 江苏省南京市金陵中学2023-2024学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题 There are many online and in-person courses promising to teach a “native accent”. But is it really necessary to sound exactly like a native speaker? Some experts say it is not. Eusebia V. Mont leads the Accent Modification(修正) Program at the University of Maryland’s Department of Hearing & Speech Sciences. Mont talked about it to reporters. Students come to the program for one or two school terms. They meet in a group for 90 minutes a week. Each student meets with one other student and a “doctor” for more individual work. Altogether the program amounts to about 60 hours of learning in class. Mont says the rate of progress absolutely depends on the type of accent it is, how long they’ve been speaking English and how often they speak English. Mont says, “I view accent as the spread of culture; the spread of a person’s individual identity — and I don’t work to remove any part of culture from an individual.” Students will most probably work in English-speaking environments when they leave school. The program teaches them tools for this. For example, they learn how to give an “elevator pitch” — a short description of an idea — and how to discuss their research. They also practice interviewing and giving presentations at work. Mont says that there are a few methods for modifying accent, but most have the same basis. One method is called the Compton Method. Arthur J. Compton developed the method for English learners who know English vocabulary and grammar fairly well. It begins with a test to find out how the student’s native language affects different areas of pronunciation. Then learners use practice materials to record their own voice and compare their pronunciation attempts to recordings of a native speaker. Another method is the Tomatis Method, which uses special headphones and includes listening to electronically modified voices and asks students to find the difference between their pronunciation and the voices they hear. This method is also used to cure children who have mental conditions that can cause difficulty in language learning. Mont’s final advice to English learners is not to expect to sound exactly like a native speaker. And remember: even native English speakers do not all speak alike! 16．According to the passage, the Accent Modification Program________. A．is meant to help students get rid of their accent B．divides students into different classes based on their abilities C．offers students a total of 90 minutes’ study over one or two school terms D．instructs students how to communicate in English-speaking environments 17．What does the underlined part “elevator pitch” mean in paragraph 4? A．Discussing one’s research in brief. B．Giving presentations in a small space. C．Getting an idea across to others efficiently. D．Practicing interviewing skills in an elevator. 18．Both of the Compton Method and the Tomatis Method ________. A．require students to take a test first B．employ the method of comparison C．serve students who have mastered English well D．require students to record their voices with equipment 19．What would be the best title for the passage? A．Ways to Sound like a Native Speaker B．The Situation of the Accent Modification Program C．Keep Your Identity While Changing Your Accent D．The Development of the Accent Modification Industry 江苏省连云港市七校（新浦高中、锦屏高中等）2023-2024学年高一上学期英语期中联考试卷 As a result of trade, travel and migration, different cuisines have spread across the world. Many recipes, chefs and restaurants try to announce that their food of a country or region is the most authentic (正宗的). But is this a good thing? People care about authenticity because food traditions are closely linked to identity (身份), particularly for migrant communities. Sociologist and professor of food studies, Krishnendu Ray, explains that home cooking is often the last way that communities can show their identity. British celebrity chef Jamie Oliver was accused of trying to take advantage of positive feelings about Jamaica. His ready meal product had a Jamaican name, but was unlike real Jamaican cooking. However, food consultant Sara Kay asks whether there are problems with the idea of authenticity. She stresses that these ideas often come from the expectations that majority cultures have about minority cultures and their food. These can be restricting (限制的) — restauranteurs have complained that people expect Asian food to be cheaper than that from European cultures. Expectations can also give people a false idea of what is authentic. While large cities are full of eateries representing different countries — China, India, Italy, Mexico and more — these labels can oversimplify the reality of food from these countries. Stephanie Elizondo Greist is surprised by the recognition(认识) that foods in Mexico are more authentic than what she ate growing up as a Mexican-American in Texas, because she feels that both are authentic examples of Mexican food. A more controversial (有争议的) view of authenticity was stated by American Chef Andrew Zimmern, who claimed that he could bring in Chinese dishes in a more authentic way than existing restaurants — many of which are owned by Chinese-Americans. Writer and food podcaster Ruth Tam points out that while these restaurants altered their menus to suit local tastes, so does Zimmern. So, while food and identity are closely linked, and failure to respect authenticity can cause offence, could there be problems with the whole idea of authenticity? 12．Which of the following factors causes people to care about authenticity? A．Taste. B．Tradition. C．Culture. D．Identity. 13．What is the main idea of paragraph 3? A．Eateries in different countries contribute to the authentic problem. B．Expectation about authenticity may cause problems. C．Asian food is cheaper than European food. D．You can enjoy the traditional taste of Mexican food both in Mexico and America. 14．Which statement might Stephanie Elizondo Greist agree with? A．There can be only one authentic taste in a country. B．What she eats in Texas means nothing to her. C．Every person can have his or her own recognition of authenticity. D．The regional specialities (特色菜) should be the same in a country. 15．The underlined word “altered” has the similar meaning with ________. A．changed B．kept C．tricked D．pressed 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 江苏省盐城市经贸高级职业学校（盐城市高级职业学校）2023-2024学年高一上学期11月期中英语试题 There is an old Chinese proverb that states “One generation plants the trees; another gets the shade,” and this is how it should be with mothers and daughters. The relationship between a mother and a daughter is sometimes confusing. The relationship can be similar to friendship. However, the mother and daughter relationship has unique characteristics that distinguish it from a friendship. These characteristics include a hierarchy (等级) of responsibilities and unconditional love, which preclude mothers and daughters from being best friends. Marina, 27 years old, said, “I love spending time with my mom, but I wouldn’t consider her my best friend. Best friends don’t pay for your wedding. Best friends don’t remind you how they carried you in their body and gave you life! Best friend: don’t tell you how wise they are because they have been alive at least 20 years longer than you.” This doesn’t mean that the mother and daughter relationship can’t be very close and satisfying. While some adult relationships are still troubled, many find them to be extremely rewarding. This generation of mothers and adult daughters has a lot in common, which increases the likelihood of shared companionship. Mothers and daughters have always shared the common experience of being homemakers, responsible for maintaining and passing on family values and traditions. Today contemporary mothers and daughters also share the experience of the workforce and technology, which may bring them even closer together. Best friends may or may not continue to be best friends, but for better or worse, the mother and daughter relationship is permanent, even if for some unfortunate reason they aren’t speaking. The mother and child relationship is closer than any other. There is not an equal relationship. Daughters should not feel responsible for their mother’s emotional well-being. It isn’t that they don’t care deeply about their mothers. It’s just that they shouldn’t be burdened with their mother’s well-being. The mother and daughter relationship is a relationship that is not replaceable by any other. Mothers never stop being mothers, which includes frequently wanting to protect their daughters and often feeling responsible for their happiness. Mothers always “trump (胜过)” friends. 9．What does the underlined word “preclude” in paragraph 1 probably mean? A．differ B．prevent C．benefit D．change 10．What do we know from the text? A．The mother and daughter relationship can be replaced by a best friend. B．A mother’s love brings her and her daughter a close friendship. C．The mother and daughter relationship goes beyond best friends’ friendship. D．Marina has a troubled relationship with her mother. 11．How does the author mainly prove his statements? A．By listing data. B．By giving explanations. C．By quoting sayings. D．By giving examples. 12．What is the best title for the text? A．How to Be a Good Mother and Daughter? B．Who Is a Mother’s Best Friend? C．Mothers or Friends? D．Can a Mother Be a Daughter’s Best Friend? 【答案】9．B 10．C 11．B 12．D 【导语】这是一篇议论文。作者提出问题：母女关系是不是可以替代友谊。然后通过说理的论证方法，最后得出结论：母女关系胜过友谊。 9．词句猜测题。根据第一段倒数第二句“However, the mother and daughter relationship has unique characteristics that distinguish it from a friendship. (然而，母女关系有其独特的特点，使其区别于友谊)”可知，母女关系和友谊有区别，换言之，母女无法成为朋友。而划线句也指出了有所区别的原因，即“These characteristics include a hierarchy (等级) of responsibilities and unconditional love (这些特征包括责任等级和无条件的爱)”，故可推测是这些特征阻止了母女变成朋友。故选B项。 10．推理判断题。根据第四段一二句“Best friends may or may not continue to be best friends, but for better or worse, the mother and daughter relationship is permanent, even if for some unfortunate reason they aren’t speaking. The mother and child relationship is closer than any other. (最好的朋友可能会是最好的朋友，也可能不会继续是最好的，但不管是好是坏，母女关系是永久的，即使出于某种不幸的原因他们没有说话。母亲和孩子的关系比其他任何关系都更密切)”可知，既然母女关系比任何其他关系都要密切，那么它已超出了友谊。故选C项。 11．推理判断题。根据第一段第二三四句“The relationship between a mother and a daughter is sometimes confusing. The relationship can be similar to friendship. However, the mother and daughter relationship has unique characteristics that distinguish it from a friendship. (母亲和女儿之间的关系有时令人困惑。这种关系可以类似于友谊。然而，母女关系有着独特的特点，使其区别于友谊)”先指出令人困惑这一问题，随后解释原因；倒数第二段二三四句“The mother and child relationship is closer than any other. There is not an equal relationship. Daughters should not feel responsible for their mother’s emotional well-being. (母亲和孩子的关系比其他任何关系都更密切。没有平等的关系。女儿不应该觉得为母亲的情绪健康负责)”先指出母女关系最密切，随后也解释说明为什么，可以看出本文通过解释说明，说理的方式在证明作者陈述的内容。故选B项。 12．主旨大意题。根据第一段第二三四句“The relationship between a mother and a daughter is sometimes confusing. The relationship can be similar to friendship. However, the mother and daughter relationship has unique characteristics that distinguish it from a friendship. (母亲和女儿之间的关系有时令人困惑。这种关系可以类似于友谊。然而，母女关系有着独特的特点，使其区别于友谊)”可知，本文探讨的问题就是母女关系和好朋友的友谊关系是否一样，即“妈妈可以是孩子最好的朋友吗”这一问题；且最后一句也给出了作者的答案“Mothers always “trump (胜过)” friends. (妈妈总是胜过朋友)”，故选项D“Can a Mother Be a Daughter’s Best Friend? (母亲能成为女儿最好的朋友吗？)”可用作本文标题。故选D项。 江苏省梅村高级中学2023-2024学年高一上学期期中考试英语试卷 If you are reading this, you were probably born in the 2000s. The oh-ohs. The 21st century. That would make you young, creative, and no doubt smart. Maybe good-looking, too. Right? But what do other people think about your generation? Some adults worry that you’re more interested in the screen in front of you than the world around you. They think of you as the “face-down generation” because you use your phone so much. They wonder how you will deal with school, friends and family. Are today’s teenagers too busy texting and taking selfies(自拍)to become successful in real life—or “IRL”, as you would say? Other adults worry that today’s youth are spoilt (溺爱) and don’t want to face the challenges of adult life. Many children born in the 1990s and 2000s were raised by “helicopter parents” who were always there to guide and help their children with a busy schedule filled with homework and after-school activities such as dancing, drawing, or sports. With parents who do everything for them, today’s youth seem to prefer to live like teenagers even when they are in their 20s or 30s. Does the face-down generation need a heads-up? Well, probably not. The fact is that many of today’s teenagers are better educated and more creative than past generations. They also seem to be willing to become leaders. More young people than ever volunteer to help their communities. There are also brave young people such as Malala Yousafzai, the teenager who won the 2014 Noble Peace Prize for pushing girls’ rights to go to school. So if you’re one of the oh-ohs, there’s no reason to be worried about the future. Things are looking up for the face-down generation. Chances are that you do GR8(great)and LOL(laugh out loud). 4．Who is this passage written for? A．The teenagers B．The teachers C．The parents D．The oh-ohs 5．What do helicopter parents always do? A．Help and direct their children. B．Do homework instead of children. C．Guide children to face challenges. D．Plan a busy schedule for children. 6．How does the writer feel about the younger generation? A．Anxious. B．Confident. C．Satisfied. D．Helpless 7．What can we learn according to the passage? A．Parents should put down their phones. B．Young people should be better educated. C．The oh-ohs should be hopeful about the future. D．Face-down generation should raise their heads. 【答案】4．D 5．A 6．B 7．C 【导语】本文是一片议论文。文章作者提出不同人对于当下“脸朝下的”一代人的看法，有认为好的一面也有认为不好的一面，但总的来说作者认为这一代人还是对未来充满希望的。 4．推理判断题。根据第一段“If you are reading this, you were probably born in the 2000s. The oh-ohs. The 21st century. That would make you young, creative, and no doubt smart. Maybe good-looking, too. Right? But what do other people think about your generation?(如果你正在读这篇文章，你很可能出生在2000年代。oh-ohs一代。21世纪。这会让你年轻、有创造力，而且毫无疑问还很聪明。也可能长得好看。对吧？但是其他人怎么看你们这一代人呢？)”可推知，文章是写给oh-ohs一代的。故选D。 5．细节理解题。根据第三段“Many children born in the 1990s and 2000s were raised by “helicopter parents” who were always there to guide and help their children with a busy schedule filled with homework and after-school activities such as dancing, drawing, or sports.(许多90后和00后的孩子都是由“直升机父母”抚养长大的，他们总是在孩子繁忙的日程安排中指导和帮助他们，这些安排充满了家庭作业和课外活动，如跳舞、画画或运动)”可知，直升机父母总是帮助和指导孩子。故选A。 6．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The fact is that many of today’s teenagers are better educated and more creative than past generations. They also seem to be willing to become leaders. More young people than ever volunteer to help their communities. There are also brave young people such as Malala Yousafzai, the teenager who won the 2014 Noble Peace Prize for pushing girls’ rights to go to school.(事实上，今天的许多青少年比过去几代人受过更好的教育，也更有创造力。他们似乎也愿意成为领导者。越来越多的年轻人自愿帮助他们的社区。也有勇敢的年轻人，比如Malala Yousafzai，她因推动女孩上学的权利而获得2014年诺贝尔和平奖)”以及最后一段“So if you’re one of the oh-ohs, there’s no reason to be worried about the future.(所以，如果你是那种“oh-hos”的一员，就没有理由担心未来)”可推知，作者对oh-ohs一代充满信心。故选B。 7．推理判断题。根据最后一段“So if you’re one of the oh-ohs, there’s no reason to be worried about the future.(所以，如果你是那种“oh-hos”的一员，就没有理由担心未来)”可推知，这些孩子的未来充满希望。故选C。 江苏省宿迁青华中学2023-2024学年高一上学期期中考试英语试卷 How would you live a life without your smartphone? For many of us, it’s the tool we are hooked on — looking at it hundreds of times a day. We depend on it to perform a lot of tasks and to connect with our friends and family. But have we become addicted(上瘾) to our phones? Certainly, the inventor of the first mobile phone, American engineer Martin Cooper, thinks we might be. In a BBC interview, he suggested people should stop flooding the screen and “get a life”. But once we start watching the screen or videos, we just can’t kick the habit. Psychologist Jean Twenge says, “we’re all guilty of unconsciously checking our phones if waiting for a text or getting really into social media, then looking up and realizing that an hour has passed.” There’s even a word — a phubber — to describe a person who ignores the real people around because they’re concentrating on their phones. But does it matter if we make the most of this technology? Possibly, because like a drug, the problem arises when it is taken away. A study from King’s College London found young people couldn’t control the amount of time they spend on their phone. Such addictive behaviour means that people become ‘anxious’ or ‘upset’ if they are asked to stop using their phone frequently, which can cause anxiety and mental health problems. Interestingly, another study by the London School of Economics and Political Science suggests we don’t just look at our phones because we are reminded to by a text or email. The people they studied felt automatically eager to interact with their phone, just as a smoker would light a cigarette. Prof Saadi Lahlou, co-author of the study, told the BBC: “We must learn tricks to avoid the temptation(诱惑) when we want to concentrate or have good social relations.” One solution could be an app that rewards students for time spent away from their phones. Another option is changing your smartphone to a dumbphone that has none of the attractions on it. But mainly, perhaps, we just need to look up more and reconnect with the real world! 28．What do the underlined words “are hooked on” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A．Are    crazy about. B．Are eager for. C．Are responsible for. D．Are independent of. 29．What do people call the person who ignores the real world because of smartphones? A．A gamer. B．A phubber. C．A smoker. D．A teenager. 30．What makes people become anxious in Paragraph 3? A．Breaking their habits of watching videos. B．Losing control of the time on their phones. C．Being stopped using their phones more often. D．Being stuck in serious mental health problems. 31．What’s the purpose of the text? A．To show a newly-found problem. B．To point out the importance of phones. C．To encourage people to use dumbphone. D．To call on people to use phones properly. 【答案】28．A 29．B 30．C 31．D 【导语】这是一篇议论文。本文讨论了我们是否对智能手机上瘾，研究表明智能手机使用过度会导致焦虑和心理健康问题。作者建议通过应用程序或更改智能手机为“傻瓜手机”等方式来避免上瘾，并呼吁我们应该多看看周围的世界，与现实世界重新建立联系。 28．词句猜测题。根据第一段中“For many of us, it’s the tool we are hooked on — looking at it hundreds of times a day. (对于我们中的许多人来说，它是我们……的工具——每天查看数百次。)”可知，每天查看数百次手机，它对我们来说是痴迷的，故选A项。 29．细节理解题。根据第二段中“There’s even a word — a phubber — to describe a person who ignores the real people around because they’re concentrating on their phones. (甚至有一个词——低头族——来形容一个忽视周围真实人物的人，因为他们专注于手机。)”可知，专注于手机而忽视周围真实人物的人被叫做低头族。故选B项。 30．细节理解题。根据第三段中“A study from King’s College London found young people couldn’t control the amount of time they spend on their phone. Such addictive behaviour means that people become ‘anxious’ or ‘upset’ if they are asked to stop using their phone frequently, which can cause anxiety and mental health problems. (伦敦国王学院的一项研究发现，年轻人无法控制自己花在手机上的时间。这种上瘾行为意味着，如果人们被要求停止经常使用手机，他们会变得“焦虑”或“不安”，这可能会导致焦虑和心理健康问题。)”可知，让人们焦炉的原因是更频繁的停止使用手机。故选C项。 31．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“But mainly, perhaps, we just need to look up more and reconnect with the real world! (但最主要的是，也许，我们只需要抬头多看，重新与现实世界建立联系！)”可知，作者是呼吁不要因为手机而失去和现实世界的联系，即正确使用手机。故选D项。 江苏省泰州中学2023-2024学年高一上学期期中考试英语试卷 We’re always encouraging students to read fiction (小说). We push them towards the library doors, wave the latest David Walliams bestsellers in their faces and catch them in the passage suggesting they read the latest novels. But do we ever point them in the direction of newspaper websites, travel guides or historical reports? The ability to read and write isn’t just about how often students pick up books; it’s also about the types of texts they read. And that should mean as much non-fiction as fiction. This does present challenges, as Doug Lemov said in Reading Reconsidered, “Understanding non-fiction needs a strong base of knowledge, but reading non-fiction is also one of the primary ways such a base of knowledge is built.” This is why we must introduce non-fiction to children from an early age. The more non-fiction young people read in school, with the guidance of teachers, the more chances they will have to build up a large store of background knowledge to help them understand more difficult texts later on. To do this, we must give more lesson time to non-fiction. Every teacher in every subject also needs to take responsibility for this. Reading has something to do with all subjects, all of which come with their own reading difficulties. Lemov suggests students should be given the chance to read more than one text on any given topic. So, when learning about the Battle of Waterloo in history, why not read some articles about the event? And when studying Dickens in English, why not read it alongside some parts chosen from his own Sketches by Boz? For non-fiction to be most helpful for students, it should be as undiluted as possible. Texts should keep their non-fiction features (特点) and difficult words should not be taken away to create a simpler text. In fact, non-fiction is one of the best ways to make students learn difficult words. It is also easy to find a huge number of non-fiction texts online. You can even share sources with students. This is especially important for those students going into higher education. 5．The author raises the question in Paragraph 3 to ______. A．compare different ideas B．doubt a common practice C．show the necessity of reading D．question why students read fiction 6．Why should teachers spend more lesson time on non-fiction? A．To increase students’ understanding. B．To get students to study independently. C．To find excellent students. D．To make lessons changeable. 7．What does Lemov suggest teachers in every subject do to help students? A．Teach them to learn from history. B．Help them with reading difficulties. C．Encourage them to read related articles. D．Sha re stories of famous people with them. 8．What does the underlined word “undiluted” in the last but one paragraph mean? A．Easy. B．Popular. C．Unexpected. D．Unchanged. 【答案】5．B 6．A 7．C 8．D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要介绍的是作者鼓励学生阅读非小说类作品，建议老师给学生提供真实的语篇，同时与学生分享这类语篇的线上资源。 5．推理判断题。根据首段“We’re always encouraging students to read fiction (小说). (我们总是鼓励学生读小说。)”和第二段“We push them towards the library doors, wave the latest David Walliams bestsellers in their faces and catch them in the passage suggesting they read the latest novels. (我们把他们推到图书馆门口，在他们面前挥舞David williams最新的畅销书，在他们读书的时候抓住他们，建议他们读最新的小说。)”可知，我们总是在鼓励学生读小说，而第四段中的“The ability to read and write isn’t just about how often students pick up books; it’s also about the types of texts they read. And that should mean as much non-fiction as fiction.  (阅读和写作的能力不仅仅取决于学生拿起书的频率；这也与他们阅读的文本类型有关。这意味着小说和非小说的数量应该一样多。)”可知，作者认为学生的阅读和写作能力与他们阅读的类型有关，说明看小说和非小说的数量应该是一样多，由此可知，作者在第三段提出问题“但我们有没有把他们引向报纸网站、旅游指南或历史报告呢？”是质疑我们通常只鼓励学生阅读小说的做法。故选B项。 6．推理判断题。根据第五段中“This does present challenges, as Doug Lemov said in Reading Reconsidered, “Understanding non-fiction needs a strong base of knowledge, but reading non-fiction is also one of the primary ways such a base of knowledge is built.” (这确实带来了挑战，正如Doug Lemov在《重新思考阅读》中所说的那样，“理解非小说需要坚实的知识基础，但阅读非小说也是建立这种知识基础的主要方式之一。”)”可知，Doug Lemov认为理解非小说需要坚实的知识基础，而阅读非小说是建立这种知识基础的主要方式之一，结合第六段中的“The more non-fiction young people read in school, with the guidance of teachers, the more chances they will have to build up a large store of background knowledge to help them understand more difficult texts later on. (在老师的指导下，年轻人在学校读的非小说类书籍越多，他们就越有可能积累大量的背景知识，以帮助他们以后理解更难的文本。)”可知，阅读非小说类作品能增加学生的知识储量，有助于他们以后理解更难的文章，所以教师应该在上课时让学生读这类作品。故选A项。 7．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“Lemov suggests students should be given the chance to read more than one text on any given topic.(Lemov建议学生应该有机会阅读任何给定主题的多篇文章。)”可知，Lemov建议让学生多阅读与任何给定的主题相关的文章。故选C项。 8．词句猜测题。根据划线单词后的“Texts should keep their non-fiction features (特点) and difficult words should not be taken away to create a simpler text. (文本应该保持其非虚构的特征，不应该把难懂的单词去掉，以创造一个更简单的文本。)”可知，要让非小说类作品最有利于学生，就应该保留其写作特点，且不能为了让作品变得易懂而删掉难以理解的词汇，由此推断，作者认为应尽可能不要改动原作，所以划线单词的意思与“不要改动”意思相近。故选D项。 江苏省泰州中学2023-2024学年高一上学期期中考试英语试卷 My father Ed Kobbeman built his own house after he married my mother, so it wasn’t too surprising when he proudly showed me his latest creation—the outhouse (户外厕所). The traditional sun and moon were cut out of the front door. There was a fancy (精致的) seat inside. It was, indeed, a fine outhouse. Dad said he wanted to use his creation in the outhouse races, where teams must pull or push their homemade outhouse to compete. To be in this event, Dad found some old wheels in his storage area. On the day of the race, Dad’s nephews and great-niece arrived. The four made up the outhouse racing team, along with one great-niece weighing a hundred pounds, chosen to ride on the seat inside. In the sun of that hot day in June, the teams lined up. The starting shot rang out. The red-shirted Kobbeman team led the way and turned to make their way back to the start/ finish line. Just then, disaster happened. The hard rubber on the wheels started peeling off (剥落). The nephews hung on for the last few meters, barely winning the first race by great strength of will and brute force (蛮力) as they lifted that outhouse off the ground across the start/finish line. But there was no hope for the second round. I stood there, ready to cry. Ten minutes later I realized Dad was nowhere to be seen. How could he just leave like that? Soon the announcer was telling the participants (参赛者) to get ready. Just then Dad turned up with new wheels. We changed the wheels and won the next four races. On the way home, I asked my dad, “Where did you go? And where did you get those new wheels?” My father took a deep breath. “Well,” he said, “I ran two blocks to the car, unlocked it, drove home, ran into the house, got the key to the storage, ran out there, unlocked the garage, pulled my new lawnmower (割草机) out on the grass, took some tools, pulled off the wheels and threw them in the car.” I couldn’t believe my ears. “Dad, why did you do that in this heat? You had a heart attack ten years ago. What if you couldn’t come back on time?” He smiled, “Well, I just couldn’t let the boys down. They worked so hard. There was a problem, and it just needed to be fixed. That’s all.” 9．Why did the author’s father build the outhouse? A．He wanted to take part in the outhouse races. B．He hoped to show off his artistic creativity. C．He aimed to train his nephews and great-niece. D．He decided to make his family locally famous. 10．What was the disaster mentioned in Paragraph 4? A．The Kobbeman team pushed the outhouse to the start line. B．The Kobbeman team felt too weak to take part in the second round. C．The outhouse’s wheels started to fall apart near the end of the first round. D．The outhouse’s wheels couldn’t turn with a few meters left in the first round. 11．How did the author feel just when she learned what her father had done before the second round? A．Bored. B．Ashamed. C．Sad. D．Worried. 12．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．An interesting story of my father B．What I learned in the outhouse races C．An amazingly funny race in June D．What we should do in a disaster 【答案】9．A 10．C 11．D 12．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者父亲在参加室外厕所比赛时，室外厕所的轮子出现意外情况，而并不健康的父亲竭尽全力解决了出现的问题只是为了不让孩子们失望的故事。 9．细节理解题。根据首段中的“My father Ed Kobbeman built his own house after he married my mother, so it wasn’t too surprising when he proudly showed me his latest creation—the outhouse (户外厕所).(我的父亲Ed Kobbeman在娶了我母亲之后建造了自己的房子，所以当他自豪地向我展示他的最新作品——室外厕所时，我并不感到太惊讶。)” 可知，作者父亲创作了一个室外厕所，结合下文中的“Dad said he wanted to use his creation in the outhouse races, where teams must pull or push their homemade outhouse to compete.(爸爸说他想把他的发明用在户外厕所比赛中，参赛队伍必须拉或推他们自制的室外厕所才能参加比赛)”可知，父亲说他要把他的创作用于参加室外厕所比赛。由此可知，作者父亲创作室外厕所是为了参加比赛。故选A项 10．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The hard rubber on the wheels started peeling off (剥落). The nephews hung on for the last few meters, barely winning the first race by great strength of will and brute force (蛮力) as they lifted that outhouse off the ground across the start/ finish line. (车轮上的硬橡胶开始脱落。侄子们坚持了最后几米，凭借强大的意志力和蛮力勉强赢得了第一场比赛，他们把室外厕所抬离地面，越过了起跑线/终点线)”可知，灾难是指第一轮比赛快结束时，户外厕所的轮子开始散架。故选C项。 11．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“I couldn’t believe my ears. “Dad, why did you do that in this heat? You had a heart attack ten years ago. What if you couldn’t come back on time?”(我简直不敢相信自己的耳朵。“爸爸，你为什么在这么热的天气里这么做？”你十年前心脏病发作过。如果你不能按时回来怎么办？”)”可知，在这么短的时间里且天气很热的情况下，作者父亲取回新轮子，而作者父亲十年前心脏病发作过，这让作者有些担心。故选D项。 12．主旨大意题。根据首段中的“My father Ed Kobbeman built his own house after he married my mother, so it wasn’t too surprising when he proudly showed me his latest creation—the outhouse (户外厕所).(我的父亲Ed Kobbeman在娶了我母亲之后建造了自己的房子，所以当他自豪地向我展示他的最新作品——室外厕所时，我并不感到太惊讶。)”以及“Dad said he wanted to use his creation in the outhouse races, where teams must pull or push their homemade outhouse to compete.(爸爸说他想把他的发明用在户外厕所比赛中，参赛队伍必须拉或推他们自制的户外厕所才能参加比赛。)”可知，作者父亲创作一个室外厕所，并决定去参加室外厕所比赛，根据第四段中的“Just then, disaster happened.(就在这时，灾难发生了。)”可知，在比赛的时候，出现了问题，结合倒数第二段中的“I couldn’t believe my ears. “Dad, why did you do that in this heat? You had a heart attack ten years ago. What if you couldn’t come back on time?”(我简直不敢相信自己的耳朵。“爸爸，你为什么在这么热的天气里这么做？”你十年前心脏病发作过。如果你不能按时回来怎么办？”)”和尾段“He smiled, “Well, I just couldn’t let the boys down. They worked so hard. There was a problem, and it just needed to be fixed. That’s all.”(他笑了，“嗯，我只是不能让孩子们失望。他们工作很努力。有个问题需要解决。就是这样。”)”可知，作者很是担心父亲在这么热的天气回家拿轮子，在问到为什么要这么做的时候，父亲笑着说孩子们这么努力，他不想让孩子们失望。综合以上信息可知，本文讲述的是在父亲参加的室外厕所比赛时发生的意外事故让作者学到了很多，所以“我在室外厕所比赛中所学到的”与本文的内容吻合，且点明了文章的主题，可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选B项。 江苏省响水中学2023-2024学年高一上学期期中考试英语试卷 Is looking fashionable more important than being comfortable? Many people seem to think so, judging (判断) by the things they wear. But fashion is not everything. It is more important to be a healthy and good person. People go to great lengths to be fashionable. Some people think they have to have a certain body type, so they go on extreme, unhealthy diets in order to change their bodies. In addition, many women wear uncomfortable fashions, such as high-heeled shoes that cause pain to their feet, and tight body shapers that limit blood flow. Men and women alike spend time and money on products that change their natural hair color or hairstyle. Some people even spend several hours a day in front of a mirror. Is fashion so important that people spend so much time and effort changing what they look like? If the purpose of fashion is to make a person feel good, it does not make sense that he or she would go through so much discomfort to be fashionable. Fashion should not come first. People should put their health and positive image in the first place. What people wear does not say anything about their personalities. Instead of spending hours choosing a dress, perhaps you should call your friends and do something together, such as playing soccer or badminton. Instead of going on strict diets and forcing yourself to stay hungry, why not eat some healthy foods and then exercise? By doing these things, you can keep a healthy lifestyle and truly grow as a person. 12．Why does the author include a question in the first paragraph? A．To enrich the content. B．To introduce a new topic. C．To present different ideas. D．To encourage readers to doubt. 13．What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A．The fact about fashion industry. B．Reasons why fashion is important. C．The price to pay for being fashionable. D．Products popular with fashion followers. 14．Which of the following activities would the author most likely recommend? A．Going skiing with friends. B．Starting a new diet with a friend. C．Changing hairstyles every week. D．Shopping for fashionable clothes. 15．What is the author’s main purpose in writing the text? A．To introduce the latest fashion trends. B．To tell readers how to remain fashionable. C．To advise readers to value health over fashion. D．To show readers advantages and disadvantages of dieting. 【答案】12．B 13．C 14．A 15．C 【导语】这是一篇议论文。人们不遗余力地追求时尚，但忽视了健康和舒适，本文认为健康更重要。 12．推理判断题。根据第一段“Is looking fashionable more important than being comfortable? Many people seem to think so, judging (判断) by the things they wear. But fashion is not everything. It is more important to be a healthy and good person.(时尚的外表是否比舒适更重要？从人们的穿着来看，许多人似乎这么认为。但时尚并非一切。成为一个健康和感觉好的人更为重要。)”可知第一段提出问题后，直接引出了“It is more important to be a healthy and good person.(成为一个健康和感觉好的人更为重要)”这一话题，可知，第一段提出问题的目的是引出新的话题，故选B项。 13．主旨大意题。根据第二段“People go to great lengths to be fashionable. Some people think they have to have a certain body type, so they go on extreme, unhealthy diets in order to change their bodies. In addition, many women wear uncomfortable fashions, such as high-heeled shoes that cause pain to their feet, and tight body shapers that limit blood flow.(为了追求时尚，人们会付出巨大的努力。有些人认为他们必须拥有某种特定的身材，因此他们会进行极端的、不健康的饮食来改变自己的体型。此外，许多女性穿着不舒服的时尚，比如高跟鞋会导致脚部疼痛，紧身塑身器会限制血液流动。)”可知本段主要讲的是时尚的代价，故选C项。 14．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Instead of spending hours choosing a dress, perhaps you should call your friends and do something together, such as playing soccer or badminton. Instead of going on strict diets and forcing yourself to stay hungry, why not eat some healthy foods and then exercise? By doing these things, you can keep a healthy lifestyle and truly grow as a person.(与其花费数小时挑选衣服，不如给朋友们打电话，一起做些活动，如踢足球或打羽毛球。与其进行严格的节食让自己挨饿，为什么不吃一些健康的食物然后进行锻炼呢？通过这些方式，你可以保持健康的生活方式，真正地成长为一个更好的人)”可知作者推荐的是多锻炼身体，A项“Going skiing with friends(和朋友一起去滑雪)”表达的含义符合语境，故选A项。 15．推理判断题。根据第一段“Is looking fashionable more important than being comfortable?( 时尚的外表是否比舒适更重要？)”、“It is more important to be a healthy and good person.(成为一个健康和感觉好的人更为重要)”、最后一段“If the purpose of fashion is to make a person feel good, it does not make sense that he or she would go through so much discomfort to be fashionable.(如果时尚的目的是让一个人感觉良好，那么他或她为了时尚而经历如此多的不适是没有意义的。)”以及“Instead of going on strict diets and forcing yourself to stay hungry, why not eat some healthy foods and then exercise? By doing these things, you can keep a healthy lifestyle and truly grow as a person.(与其进行严格的节食让自己挨饿，为什么不吃一些健康的食物然后进行锻炼呢？通过这些方式，你可以保持健康的生活方式，真正地成长为一个更好的人)”可推理出，作者写这篇文章的目的是建议读者重视健康而非时尚，故选C项。 江苏省南京市金陵中学2023-2024学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题 Danone Portugal introduced a new yogurt named Juntos. For every pack of yogurt that a person bought, he would donate yogurt to a family in need. Danone had done its research. Increasingly, people say they want to buy from brands that give them a sense of purpose. Surely a yogurt that helped the needy would be appealing. But Juntos was a failure. Despite sinking millions into a marketing campaign, Danone pulled Juntos from the market only months after it was launched. Now the same product is simply marketed as a tasty yogurt. What happened? To find the reason behind Juntos’ failure, Lawrence Williams and his colleagues did an experiment where they showed people some products and asked these people to pick one option. They reminded some to focus on the “purposeful and valuable” aspect while others were told to “enjoy themselves” and focus on “delight and pleasure.” They found that participants who prioritized meaning preferred the less expensive product when compared with people who put pleasure in the first place. So why were meaning-seekers cheaping out? Lawrence Williams asked participants to explain their decision-making to find out. He learned that meaning-oriented people were not thinking about how the product they might buy could bring meaning to their lives. Instead, they were occupied with what else they could do with their money. I am all for people making wise and strategic financial choices. But cheap products can create many problems. Inexpensive options often do not last as long as the higher-end ones. As a result, we shop more often, which is ultimately worse for our wallets. Plus, that spending pattern can do a greater damage to the environment. Thanks in part to fast fashion, people buy 60 percent more clothing today than they did 15 years ago. The fashion industry alone emits more greenhouse gases than international flights and maritime (海洋的) shipping combined. So before you dive into your wallet for some deals, try not to fix only on what you are spending or saving. Think carefully about what you are buying, too. 12．What is the main reason for the failure of Juntos? A．It ignored marketing strategies. B．It priced itself relatively high. C．It lacked a particularly good taste. D．It focused on delight and pleasure. 13．What can be inferred about meaning seekers? A．They frequent high-end stores. B．They think products extend their lives. C．They hesitate to make decisions. D．They make more purchases with money. 14．How is Paragraph 4 mainly developed? A．By giving some examples. B．By listing numbers and data. C．By explaining reasons. D．By making some comparisons. 15．Which is the most suitable title for the text? A．Innovation: a Product’s Life B．To Buy or not to Buy C．Meaning seekers or Quality-pursuers D．Fast Fashion: a Hit to Your Wallet 【答案】12．B 13．D 14．C 15．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章就通过消费来做有意义的事情，到底应该买贵的还是廉价的产品进行讨论。 12．细节理解题。根据第一段“Increasingly, people say they want to buy from brands that give them a sense of purpose. Surely a yogurt that helped the needy would be appealing. But Juntos was a failure. (越来越多的人表示，他们想从那些给他们目标感的品牌那里购买。当然，帮助穷人的酸奶会很有吸引力。但Juntos是个失败者。)”和第二段“What happened? To find the reason behind Juntos’ failure, Lawrence Williams and his colleagues did an experiment where they showed people some products and asked these people to pick one option. They reminded some to focus on the “purposeful and valuable” aspect while others were told to “enjoy themselves” and focus on “delight and pleasure.” They found that participants who prioritized meaning preferred the less expensive product when compared with people who put pleasure in the first place. (发生了什么事?为了找出Juntos失败的原因，Lawrence Williams和他的同事们做了一个实验，他们向人们展示了一些产品，并让这些人选择一种。他们提醒一些人专注于“有目的和有价值”的方面，而另一些人则被告知“享受自己”，专注于“快乐和乐趣”。他们发现，与把快乐放在首位的人相比，把意义放在首位的人更喜欢便宜的产品。)”可知，越来越多的人想从那些给他们目标感的品牌那里购买（即购买便宜的产品），Juntos失败的主要原因是它的定价相对较高，所以买的人少，最后失败了。故选B。 13．推理判断题。根据第三段“So why were meaning-seekers cheaping out? Lawrence Williams asked participants to explain their decision-making to find out. He learned that meaning-oriented people were not thinking about how the product they might buy could bring meaning to their lives. Instead, they were occupied with what else they could do with their money. (那么，为什么寻求意义的人要买便宜的东西呢?为了找出答案，劳伦斯·威廉姆斯要求参与者解释他们的决策。他了解到，以意义为导向的人不会考虑他们可能购买的产品如何给他们的生活带来意义。相反，他们专注于思考自己的钱能带来什么其他东西。)”可推测意义追求者专注于用钱买更多的东西，故选D。 14．推理判断题。根据第四段“I am all for people making wise and strategic financial choices. But cheap products can create many problems. Inexpensive options often do not last as long as the higher-end ones. As a result, we shop more often, which is ultimately worse for our wallets. Plus, that spending pattern can do a greater damage to the environment. (我完全支持人们做出明智和战略性的财务选择。但是廉价的产品会产生很多问题。便宜的选择通常不会像高端的选择持续那么久。结果，我们更频繁地购物，这最终对我们的钱包更不利。此外，这种消费模式会对环境造成更大的破坏。)”可推断作者通过解释买廉价的产品会产生很多问题的原因来发展第四段，故选C。 15．主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第四段“I am all for people making wise and strategic financial choices. But cheap products can create many problems. Inexpensive options often do not last as long as the higher-end ones. As a result, we shop more often, which is ultimately worse for our wallets. Plus, that spending pattern can do a greater damage to the environment. (我完全支持人们做出明智和战略性的财务选择。但是廉价的产品会产生很多问题。便宜的选择通常不会像高端的选择持续那么久。结果，我们更频繁地购物，这最终对我们的钱包更不利。此外，这种消费模式会对环境造成更大的破坏。)”和最后一段“So before you dive into your wallet for some deals, try not to fix only on what you are spending or saving. Think carefully about what you are buying, too. (所以，在你为一些交易掏腰包之前，尽量不要只关注你花了多少钱或存了多少钱。也要仔细考虑你要买的东西。)”可知文章主要是对通过消费来做有意义的事情，到底应该买贵的还是廉价的产品进行讨论，C选项“意义追求者还是品质追求者”符合文章主旨，故选C。 江苏省溧阳市2023-2024学年高一上学期期中阶段考试英语试卷 In most cases, people pick the easiest way out: the path of least resistance. Yet, it is the hard choice — the path of most resistance — that is more beneficial and provides most success in the long run. How do these paths differ? What are the dangers of an easy life? What are the rewards for a hard life? Taking the path of least resistance means choosing the easiest available option, without thinking about its long-term consequences. For example, you eat whatever and whenever you like. It may feel nice at first but they have a very high price — guaranteed obesity (肥胖). Most people in modern world follow this path, and this is why so many people struggle without self-control, good habits, etc. The path of most resistance is about choosing the option that will lead to more personal growth, even if it means suffering in the early stage. For example, it may cost you a lot to quit watching TV for hours. But over the long term, you’ll free up a lot of time that will lead to a more satisfying lite than that of a couch potato. At first sight, this way is unattractive. It requires effort and loss of pleasure, and leads to potential suffering. Yet, on the other side of all that lies a world of more confidence and self-control. In the end, they more than make up for the passing shallow pleasures. We’re lazy by nature. Some may point out that because of this laziness that we now enjoy so many wonders of technology that people in the past would kill to have. But ask the same individuals praising laziness if they would be happy living a life where everything is given to them the moment they think about it. They would have zero difficulties, no aims in life and no obstacle to get over and no wise human would want such an existence. 12．How does the author show the dangers of choosing the easy path? A．By asking questions. B．By giving examples. C．By giving explanations. D．By making a comparison. 13．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 3 refer to? A．Watching TV for hours. B．Getting shallow pleasures. C．Having many life struggles. D．Choosing the path of most resistance. 14．Which of the following would the author agree with? A．Life is to be enjoyed, not suffered. B．There should be some challenges in life. C．Set your lite goals as early as possible. D．Good habits provide short-term pleasures. 15．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A．To tell us humans are lazy by nature. B．To encourage us to take the hard path of life. C．To prove that laziness leads to wonders in life. D．To show the common lifestyles of young people. 【答案】12．B 13．D 14．B 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。在大多数情况下，人们总是去选择阻力最小的道路，但从长远看来，阻力最大的道路才对你有利，也更能保证成功。 12．推理判断题。根据第二段首句“Taking the path of least resistance means choosing the easiest available option, without thinking about its long-term consequences.(选择阻力最小的道路意味着选择最容易的选择，而不考虑其长期后果。)”可知，第二段首先讲述了选择阻力最小的道路意味着选择最容易的道路，这样并没有考虑长远结果，接着“For example, you eat whatever and whenever you like. It may feel nice at first but they have a very high price — guaranteed obesity (肥胖). Most people in modern world follow this path, and this is why so many people struggle without self-control, good habits. etc.(例如，你想吃什么就吃什么，想什么时候吃就什么时候吃。一开始可能感觉很好，但它们的代价很高——肯定肥胖。现代世界上大多数人都走这条路，这就是为什么这么多人在没有自制力和良好习惯等的情况下挣扎。)”以吃来举例具体说明了选择容易道路的危害。故选B。 13．词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句句意“The path of most resistance is about choosing the option that will lead to more personal growth, even if it means suffering in the early stage.(阻力最大的路是关于选择将带来更多个人成长的选项，即使这意味着在早期阶段受苦。)”可知，it指代上文讲述的“选择阻力最大的路”。故选D。 14．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“They would have zero difficulties, no aims in life and no obstacle to get over and no wise human would want such an existence.(他们将没有任何困难，没有生活目标，也没有要克服的障碍，没有一个聪明的人会想要这样的生活。)”可知，作者认为没有一个聪明人想要没有困难、没有目标和没有障碍的生活，由此可推测出，作者认为生活中需要挑战。故选B。 15．推理判断题。根据全文内容，尤其是第一段中的“Yet, it is the hard choice — the path of most resistance — that is more beneficial and provides most success in the long run.(然而，从长远来看，艰难的选择——阻力最大的道路——更有益，也能带来最大的成功。)”可知，作者指出只有阻力最大的道路才能给我们带来更多的益处、更大的成功，由此可推测出，作者想要鼓励我们选择生活中的艰难之路。故选B。 江苏省南京市金陵中学2023-2024学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题 There are many online and in-person courses promising to teach a “native accent”. But is it really necessary to sound exactly like a native speaker? Some experts say it is not. Eusebia V. Mont leads the Accent Modification(修正) Program at the University of Maryland’s Department of Hearing & Speech Sciences. Mont talked about it to reporters. Students come to the program for one or two school terms. They meet in a group for 90 minutes a week. Each student meets with one other student and a “doctor” for more individual work. Altogether the program amounts to about 60 hours of learning in class. Mont says the rate of progress absolutely depends on the type of accent it is, how long they’ve been speaking English and how often they speak English. Mont says, “I view accent as the spread of culture; the spread of a person’s individual identity — and I don’t work to remove any part of culture from an individual.” Students will most probably work in English-speaking environments when they leave school. The program teaches them tools for this. For example, they learn how to give an “elevator pitch” — a short description of an idea — and how to discuss their research. They also practice interviewing and giving presentations at work. Mont says that there are a few methods for modifying accent, but most have the same basis. One method is called the Compton Method. Arthur J. Compton developed the method for English learners who know English vocabulary and grammar fairly well. It begins with a test to find out how the student’s native language affects different areas of pronunciation. Then learners use practice materials to record their own voice and compare their pronunciation attempts to recordings of a native speaker. Another method is the Tomatis Method, which uses special headphones and includes listening to electronically modified voices and asks students to find the difference between their pronunciation and the voices they hear. This method is also used to cure children who have mental conditions that can cause difficulty in language learning. Mont’s final advice to English learners is not to expect to sound exactly like a native speaker. And remember: even native English speakers do not all speak alike! 16．According to the passage, the Accent Modification Program________. A．is meant to help students get rid of their accent B．divides students into different classes based on their abilities C．offers students a total of 90 minutes’ study over one or two school terms D．instructs students how to communicate in English-speaking environments 17．What does the underlined part “elevator pitch” mean in paragraph 4? A．Discussing one’s research in brief. B．Giving presentations in a small space. C．Getting an idea across to others efficiently. D．Practicing interviewing skills in an elevator. 18．Both of the Compton Method and the Tomatis Method ________. A．require students to take a test first B．employ the method of comparison C．serve students who have mastered English well D．require students to record their voices with equipment 19．What would be the best title for the passage? A．Ways to Sound like a Native Speaker B．The Situation of the Accent Modification Program C．Keep Your Identity While Changing Your Accent D．The Development of the Accent Modification Industry 【答案】16．D 17．C 18．B 19．C 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章谈论了一些教授“本地口音”的课程，阐明了改变口音的同时要保持自己原有的身份的观点。 16．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Students will most probably work in English-speaking environments when they leave school. The program teaches them tools for this. (学生离开学校后很可能会在说英语的环境中工作。这个项目会教他们一些实用方法。)”可知，口音矫正程序教授学生如何在说英语的环境中进行交流。故选D项。 17．词句猜测题。划线词句后半部分“a short description of an idea — and how to discuss their research (——对一个想法的简短描述——以及如何讨论他们的研究)”说明这是一个有效表达，从而推知划线词句“For example, they learn how to give an ‘elevator pitch’(例如，他们学习如何进行‘elevator pitch’)”其中划线短语意思是“有效地将想法传达给他人”。故选C项 18．细节理解题。根据第五段中“It begins with a test to find out how the student’s native language affects different areas of pronunciation. Then learners use practice materials to record their own voice and compare their pronunciation attempts to recordings of a native speaker. (首先要做一个测试，找出学生的母语是如何影响不同发音领域的。然后，学习者使用练习材料录下自己的声音，并将自己的发音尝试与母语人士的录音进行比较。)”和第六段中“Another method is the Tomatis Method, which uses special headphones and includes listening to electronically modified voices and asks students to find the difference between their pronunciation and the voices they hear. (另一种方法是Tomatis方法，它使用特殊的耳机，包括听电子矫正的声音，并要求学生找到他们的发音和他们听到的声音之间的差异。)”可知，Compton方法和Tomatis方法都采用比较的方法。故选B项。 19．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第三段中Mont所说“I view accent as the spread of culture; the spread of a person’s individual identity — and I don’t work to remove any part of culture from an individual. (我认为口音是文化的传播；一个人的个人身份的传播——我不想把文化的任何一部分从个人身上移走。)”可知，Mont认为口音是文化和个人身份的延伸，再结合文中专家介绍的几种矫正口音的方法可知，本文阐明了改变口音的同时要保持自己原有的身份的观点。C项符合主题，故选C项。 江苏省连云港市七校（新浦高中、锦屏高中等）2023-2024学年高一上学期英语期中联考试卷 As a result of trade, travel and migration, different cuisines have spread across the world. Many recipes, chefs and restaurants try to announce that their food of a country or region is the most authentic (正宗的). But is this a good thing? People care about authenticity because food traditions are closely linked to identity (身份), particularly for migrant communities. Sociologist and professor of food studies, Krishnendu Ray, explains that home cooking is often the last way that communities can show their identity. British celebrity chef Jamie Oliver was accused of trying to take advantage of positive feelings about Jamaica. His ready meal product had a Jamaican name, but was unlike real Jamaican cooking. However, food consultant Sara Kay asks whether there are problems with the idea of authenticity. She stresses that these ideas often come from the expectations that majority cultures have about minority cultures and their food. These can be restricting (限制的) — restauranteurs have complained that people expect Asian food to be cheaper than that from European cultures. Expectations can also give people a false idea of what is authentic. While large cities are full of eateries representing different countries — China, India, Italy, Mexico and more — these labels can oversimplify the reality of food from these countries. Stephanie Elizondo Greist is surprised by the recognition(认识) that foods in Mexico are more authentic than what she ate growing up as a Mexican-American in Texas, because she feels that both are authentic examples of Mexican food. A more controversial (有争议的) view of authenticity was stated by American Chef Andrew Zimmern, who claimed that he could bring in Chinese dishes in a more authentic way than existing restaurants — many of which are owned by Chinese-Americans. Writer and food podcaster Ruth Tam points out that while these restaurants altered their menus to suit local tastes, so does Zimmern. So, while food and identity are closely linked, and failure to respect authenticity can cause offence, could there be problems with the whole idea of authenticity? 12．Which of the following factors causes people to care about authenticity? A．Taste. B．Tradition. C．Culture. D．Identity. 13．What is the main idea of paragraph 3? A．Eateries in different countries contribute to the authentic problem. B．Expectation about authenticity may cause problems. C．Asian food is cheaper than European food. D．You can enjoy the traditional taste of Mexican food both in Mexico and America. 14．Which statement might Stephanie Elizondo Greist agree with? A．There can be only one authentic taste in a country. B．What she eats in Texas means nothing to her. C．Every person can have his or her own recognition of authenticity. D．The regional specialities (特色菜) should be the same in a country. 15．The underlined word “altered” has the similar meaning with ________. A．changed B．kept C．tricked D．pressed 【答案】12．A 13．B 14．C 15．A 【导语】这是一篇议论文。主要介绍了由于贸易、旅行和移民，不同的美食在世界各地传播开来。许多食谱、厨师和餐馆试图宣称他们的食物是一个国家或地区最正宗的。但这是一件好事吗？文章由此话题，展开了讨论。 12．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Many recipes, chefs and restaurants try to announce that their food of a country or region is the most authentic (正宗的). But is this a good thing?”（许多食谱、厨师和餐馆试图宣称他们的食物是一个国家或地区最正宗的。但这是一件好事吗？）以及第二段中“People care about authenticity because food traditions are closely linked to identity (身份), particularly for migrant communities.”（人们关心食物的正宗性，因为食物传统与身份密切相关，尤其是对移民社区而言。）可知，食物的味道导致人们关心关心它的正宗和真实性。故选A项。 13．主旨大意题。根据第三段中“She stresses that these ideas often come from the expectations that majority cultures have about minority cultures and their food. These can be restricting(限制的) — restauranteurs have complained that people expect Asian food to be cheaper than that from European cultures. Expectations can also give people a false idea of what is authentic. While large cities are full of eateries representing different countries — China, India, Italy, Mexico and more — these labels can oversimplify the reality of food from these countries.”（她强调，这些想法往往来自多数文化对少数文化和他们的食物的期望。这可能是有限制的——餐馆老板抱怨说，人们认为亚洲食物比欧洲食物便宜。期望也会让人们对什么是真实的产生错误的想法。虽然大城市里到处都是代表不同国家的餐馆——中国、印度、意大利、墨西哥等等——但这些标签可能会过度简化这些国家食物的现实。）可知，第三段的主旨是对食物真实性的期望可能会产生问题。故选B项。 14．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Stephanie Elizondo Greist is surprised by the recognition(认识) that foods in Mexico are more authentic than what she ate growing up as a Mexican-American in Texas, because she feels that both are authentic examples of Mexican food.”（斯蒂芬妮·埃利桑多·格雷斯特对墨西哥食物比她在德克萨斯州长大的墨西哥裔美国人吃的食物更地道的认识感到惊讶，因为她觉得两者都是地道的墨西哥食物。）可推知，斯蒂芬妮·埃利桑多·格雷斯特可能会同意的说法是每个人都可以有他或她自己对真实性的认识。故选C项。 15．词义猜测题。根据划线单词句中“…to suit local tastes, so does Zimmern.”（以适应当地人的口味，齐默尔恩也是如此。）以及下文“So, while food and identity are closely linked, and failure to respect authenticity can cause offence, could there be problems with the whole idea of authenticity?”（因此，虽然食物和身份本质密切相关，不尊重真实性可能会引起冒犯，但整个真实性的概念是否存在问题？）由此可知，此处为这些餐馆改变了菜单以适应当地人的口味。故可猜测划线单词altered为“改变”的意思，结合选项A项changed“改变”意思一致。故选A项。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$