内容正文:
专题五
代词
(1~3分)
语法知识理重点
人称代词
主格:l,we,you,he,she,it,they
(2年2考)
宾格:me,us,you,him,her,it,them
物主代词
形容词性物主代词:my,our,your,his,her,its,their
(2年1考)
名词性物主代词:mine,ours,yours,his,hers,its,theirs
第一人称:myself,.ourselves
反身代词
第二人称:yourself,yourselves
代词
第三人称:himself,,herself,itself,themselves
(2年4考)
普通不定代词:both,al,some,either等
不定代词
指人:-one类,body类
指示代词
复合不定代词指物:hing类
(2年1考)
this/these,that/those,it,one,that
指人:who,whom,whose,which
疑问代词
指物:what,which
重点语法分点过
考点刀人称代词、物主代词和反身代词(2年3考)
续表
人称代词
物主代词
类别
用法
例句
类别
反身
形容名词
人称
主格
宾格
My teachers are all happy to
词性
性
代词
作宾语,位于动
help us.我们的老师都很乐
第一
单数
me
my
mine
myself
词或介词之局
意播助我们。
人称
复数
we
us
our
our
ourselves
2023.52]
Peter is sitting behind me.
宾格
第二
单数
you
you
your
yours
yourself
得正坐在我的后面。
人称
复数
you
you
your
yours
yourselves
作表语,位于系
Is the girl with curly hair you?
he
him
his
his
himself
第三
单数
she
her
her
hers
herself
动词之后
那个卷发女孩是你吗?
人称
it
its
its
itself
复数
巧记回诀》
they
them
their
theirs
themselves
人称代词的使用顺序
·人称代词的用法
人称二、三、一,顺序不可错,
类别
用法
例句
礼让三分yOu当先,I跟后面没意见
麻烦事情I前站,yu到后边I心安。
Difficult as the task is,we
he,she定要中间站,切记he在she之前。
作主语,位于动
will get the job done if we
主格
遇到复数怎么办,人称应是一、二、三。
词之前[2023.42]
keep working at it..事虽难,
做则必成。
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·物主代词的用法
注意
反身代词不能放在名词前作定语,要想表达“某人
类别
用法
例句
自己的…”,应用owm作定语。如:my own ro0m我自
When the new term began,he
形容词
己的房间:a book of her own地自己的一本书
作定语,位
showed some of his paintings to
性物主
于名词前
me.
当新学期开始时,他向我
制应用
代词
[2024.49
展示了一些他的画。
1.If our parents do everything for us children,we won't
This isn't your pen.
Yours is
learn how to depend on ourselves (we).
作主语,位
on the table.这不是你的钢
2.Each time I listen to Erquan Yingyue,a picture of
于系动词前
笔。你的在桌子上。
its (it)sad beauty appears in my mind.
3.The old man often tells the little girl interesting
The lost keys may be hers.She
作表语,位
is looking for them.丢失的钥
stories,so she likes him (he)very much.
名词性
4.Don't be afraid to ask your you)parents or
物主代
于系动词后
匙也许是她的。她正在寻找
词
它们
teachers for help if you are in trouble.
5.Jackson plans to teach his students how to protect
Good words can touch not only
themselves they)at an earthquake this
作宾语,位
your heart but also mine
week.
于动词后
好的话语不仅能触动你的心
6.When our grandparents were young,their lives
也能触动我的心。
were different from ours we)today.
注意
7.Compared with Linda's house,mine (I)is
(1)形容词性物主代词不能单独使用,经常用于名
quite old but comfortable
词前作定语,相当于形客词的作用:名词性物主代词
8.琳达独自完成了剪纸,而且她做得相当好。
形容词性物主代词+名词,名词性物主代词县有名词的
Linda completed the paper
cutting
by
特征,后面不接名词,必须单独使用
herself,and she did it quite well.
(2)物主代词后面不能与his,that,sme,a,an,
e等修饰词一起前置修饰同一个名词。
考点2不定代词
普通不定代词辨析
·反身代词的用法
1.some与any
功能
位置
例句
代词
不同点
相同点
He often tells himself that he
动词或
般用于肯定句中,表示
作宾语
must work hard.
他经常告诉自
介词后
些;某些”;也可以用
己必须努力工作。
于表示建议或请求的疑
The poor boy in the story is
s)1
问句中,表示说话人希望
既可以指代可
作表语
系动词后
myself.故事中那个可怜的小
得到对方的肯定回答或
数名词(复数),
男孩就是我自己。
委婉地提出意见
也可以指代不
名词、
I want
to see the
scientist
作同
般用于否定句、疑问句
可数名词
代词后
himself.我想见那位科学家
位语
或条件句中,表示“一些:
或句末
本人。
any
少许”:也可以用于肯定
句中,表示“任何一个”
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2.both,either,neither,all none
5.a little,little,afew与few(详见本书PI6)
代词
含义及用法
常用短语
6.other,the other,others,the others another
both...and...
词(组】
含义
用法
“两者都”,作主语时,
both
…和…都…;
后接可数名词复数,表示“除去
谓语动词用复数
both of.,…两者都
部分以外的另一些”,但不是
剩下的全部
“(两者中的)任何
other
另外的
either of...
either
个”,作主语时,谓语
如果前面有he,some,any,
两者中的任何一个
动词用单数
each,every,no等词修饰,则可
与可数名词单数连用
“(两者)都不”,作主
两者中的
后接可数名词单数,常与ome连
neither
语时,谓语动词用
neither of...两者都不
单数
the
另一个
用,构成“one.,the other.."结构
other
两部分中的
后接可数名词复数,表示“其余
“(三者或三者以上)
all of..(三者或三者
另外一部分
的全部
all
都”,作主语时,谓语
以上)都
动词的数视情况而定
相当于“other+可数名词复
“(三者或三者以上
数”,其后不能再加名词,表示
others
另一些
中)没有一个”,作主none of..(三者或
除去一部分以后的另一些”,
1)1e
语时,谓语动词用单者以上中)设有一个
但不是剩下的全部
复数均可
相当于“he other+可数名词复
3.many与much
the
其余一些
数”,其后不能再加名词,表示
others
代词
含义
用法
“其余的全部”
many
代替可数名词复数
后接可数名词单数,表示“(三
another
再一:另
许多;大量
者或三者以上中)另一个”
much
代替不可数名词
●复合不定代词
4.each与every
1.常见的复合不定代词
-one
-body
单词
不同点
相同点
后缀
-thing
前级
(指人)
(指人)
(指物)
①用作形容词、代词,可
some-
someone
somebody
something
单独使用:②强调个体:
(肯定)
(某人)
(某人)
(某事,某物)
each
③指两者或两者以上的
any-
anyone
人或事物中的“每一
anybody
anything
“each/evey+名
否定/疑问)(任何人)
个”:④后可跟短语
(任何人)
(任何事物)
词单数”作主语
①仅作形容词,不可单独
时,谓语动词要
everything
every-
everyone
everybody
用单数形式
(每件事物,
使用:②强调整体:③指
(肯定)
(每个人)》
(每个人】
切)
every
三者或三者以上的人或事
物中的“每一个”:④后不
n0-
no one
nobody
nothing
可跟of短语
(否定)
(没有人)
(没有人)
(什么都没有)
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2.复合不定代词的用法
考点3指示代词(2年1考)
(1)形容词或lse(另外)修饰复合不定代词
this/these与that/hose的辨析
时,位于复合不定代词之后,作后置定语
代词
相同点
不同点
(2)复合不定代词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
①一般指在空间或时间上离说话人
(3)由some-构成的复合不定代词一般用于肯
作主语
较近的人或物
this
定句中,也可用于表示建议或请求的疑问句中,此
时,既可
②在打电话时,用his来介绍自己
these
时说话人希望得到对方的肯定回答。
指人,又
③his可以指下面将要讲到的事物
(4)由ay-构成的复合不定代词一般用于否
可指物:
[2023.1]
定句或疑问句中,用于肯定句中表示“任何
作其他成
①一般指在空间或时间上离说话人
人/物”。
that/
分时,只较远的人或物
3.复合不定代词常用句型
those
能指物
②在打电话时,用hal来询问对方
(I)There is nothing to..没什么要.…。
③hat可以指代前面讲到过的事物
(2)There is something wrong with..…出问
●it,one与hat的辨析
题了。
代词
用法
(3 )..has/have something/nothing to do with...
①特指上文提到过的同一事物.特指“同类同物”
…与…有/无关
②当说话人对所涉及的人的身份、姓名不
(4)sb.can do nothing but..某人除了做…之
it
清楚或看(听)不出来时,常用1代替和当
外,什么都不能做。
时某一事件、某一动作相关的那一个
情阅应屈
可代替可数名词单数,与前面提到过的事
A.anything
B.neither C.each D.many
one
物是同一类,但不是同一个,泛指“同类异
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E.the other F.any G.some
物”:复数形式为ons,指代可数名词复数
(1)I tried to buy the dictionary in two bookstores,
代替前面提到过的可数名词单数或不可数
but B of them had it.
that
名词,它表示同一类而不是同一个,特指
(2)传绕交化The24 solar terms show the changes of
“同类异物”:复数形式为hose
nature and C carries its own special meaning.
石展
(3)Susan has two cousins.One is quiet,and E
(1)t作形式主语,代替由动词不定式或从句等
is noisy.
所表示的真正主语。常用于以下句型中:
(4)I love books,and it's lucky for me that there are
①tis+a+for sb.to do sth.对某人来说
so D in our school library
微某事是…
②tis+ad.+ofsb.to do sth.某人做某事真
(5)The policeman checked the room carefully,but
是太
he didn't find A strange.
③lt's time to do/for/hat.,是时候做…
(6)I can't understand why Peter bought so many
④It's one's turn to do.轮到某人做
watches but never wears F of them.
⑤takes/took sb.some time to do sth.做某事
10.今天的报纸上有一些特殊的东西。让我们来读
花费某人多长时间。
一下。
(2)t作形式宾语,代替由动词不定式或从句等
There is something
special in today's
表示的真正宾语,常用在make,find,think,
newspaper.Let's read it.
consider,feel等词之后。
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情境应用
续表
11.Things made by hand are usually more expensive
疑问代词
含义及用法
than those (that)produced in factories.
“谁”,询问姓名、身份等,可作主语、表
who
12.The picture you've drawn is not good enough.
语、宾语(不能放于介词后》
Please draw a new one.(盲填)
指
“谁”,who的宾格,只用作宾语(可放于
13.That girl in blue over there is my classmate
whom
人
介词后)
Molly.We often do homework together..(盲填)
“谁的”,wo的所有格形式,作主语、表
14.It is important for the young generation to learn
语和定语
to reach out a helping hand to others.(盲填)
销境应用
考点④疑问代词
15.-
Whose
shirt is this?Is it yours?
疑问代词用于特殊疑问句中,一般放在句首,
一No,it's not mine..It belongs to her..(盲填)》
并在句子中作某一成分。
16.
What are you looking forward to?
疑问代词
含义及用法
Visiting the Zhijin Cave with my friends.(盲填)
“什么”,询问职业、地位等,所指的事物无
17.
指物what
Which one do you like better,singing or
范围限制,可作主语、宾语,表语和定语
playing basketball?
指人
“哪一个”,所指的对象范围明确,可作
-I like playing basketball better because it
which
或物
主语、宾语和定语
makes me strong and healthy..(盲填)
语法专题情境绣
【,根据语境,用所给词的正确形式填空。
4.D of the students are looking forward to seeing
1.Teenagers should know:Be yourself (you),and
the new teacher.
that's a magic stronger than any wish.
5.There are only B fish in the tank(池塘).
2.My (I)best friend and I were fixing up the
Let's go and get more.
broken machine when the rainstorm came.
6.Chinese chess player Ding Liren has done A
3.)It is said that Confucius had over three
he can in chess and has put all that he has into the
thousand students.He taught
them
they)
games.
during his trip.
Ⅲ.语言运用第二节
4.Ryan's computer was broken,so he asked his
人与自我一生活与学习
mother whether he could use
hers (she).
I lived in a small town.My house had two
Ⅱ.根据语境,从框内7个选项中选出能分别填入
floors.There was a garden in it.1.This kind of
6个小题空白处的最佳选项。
house was very common here.You can buy
A.everything B.a few C.it D.All
2.anything in the town.There was a bookshop
E.another F.Either G.a little
next to 3.my (I)home.I often went there and
1.Arriving at one goal is the starting point to
read books.Many restaurants were on the street too.
We should always keep moving!
Sometimes our parents took 4.us(we)to have
2.-When would you like to go on a trip,June or July?
dinner there.There were some 5.other shops,like
-F is OK.
gift shops,clothes shops and so on.I want to go back to
3.Laura,someone is ringing the doorbell.Go and
my hometown and make 6.it beautiful.Also,I'm
see who is C,please.
looking forward to seeing my old friends again.
请完成《情境作业本》(P53)中的练习题
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