精品解析：安徽省合肥市第一中学2024-2025学年高一上学期英语素质拓展训练(二)

合肥一中2024-2025 学年度第一学期高一英语素质拓展训练（二） 时长：90分钟 分值：120分 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分42.5分） 第一节（共12小题；每小题2.5分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Travel is one of the most exciting experiences a human being can have. Imagine how Italian traveler Marco Polo must have felt when he found himself on Chinese soil, seeing a way of life quite different from anything he’d seen before. And how marvelous must it have been to listen to Zhang Qian when he returned to China from his journey through Central Asia and West Asia? His brain must have been packed with everything he’d seen and heard, leading to the founding of the Silk Road. Some people have traveled all over the world, and travel is a way of life to them. They perhaps know what exactly to expect before they travel. But among the travels to a specific destination, the first is more likely to be the best. Imagine a person who has been eagerly expecting his first travel to the United States. Of course, he may have seen the Statue of Liberty a thousand times on TV, and the White House, and all the other famous sights. But none of that would compare to the thrill of looking out of the cabin window as the plane lands, watching the cities and streets of the real America come into view. Although travel is often just for recreation, it’s also educational. We may not know that we are getting an education, but we still are. We’re learning every day: new words in a new language, new people, and new ways of life. But this learning takes place in the school of the world, not just the classroom. One of the lessons we learn is undoubtedly a moral one. As we get to know foreign places, we come to understand that there are many different ways to live, and that the way we live isn’t necessarily the best way. The British politician Benjamin Disraeli summed this up well when he said, “Travel teaches toleration.” 1. Why does the author mention Marco Polo and Zhang Qian? A. To explain how the Silk Road was founded. B. To present travel as an amazing experience. C. To show how the way people travel has changed. D. To describe important cultural exchanges in history. 2. What does the author want to convey in Paragraph 3? A. The best trip is often the first in-person experience. B. One’s first trip is usually the most challenging. C. There is always much to learn on one’s first trip. D. People usually make better preparations for their first trips. 3. Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word in Paragraph 5? A. Learning. B. Knowledge. C. Acceptance. D. Politics. 4 What can we know from the last two paragraphs? A. Traveling should be included in formal education. B. Traveling improves people’s confidence in their lifestyle. C. A foreign journey may raise people’s cultural understanding. D. There is more to learn from adventures than being in classroom. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了旅行的好处，主要包括兴奋的体验感与教育价值，旅行者通过探索不同文化和生活方式，能够获得新的视角，并反思文化的多样性。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Travel is one of the most exciting experiences a human being can have. Imagine how Italian traveler Marco Polo must have felt when he found himself on Chinese soil, seeing a way of life quite different from anything he’d seen before. (旅行是一个人所能拥有的最令人兴奋的经历之一。想象一下，当意大利旅行家马可·波罗发现自己来到中国的土地上，看到一种与他以前见过的完全不同的生活方式时，他会有什么感受)”和第二段中“And how marvelous must it have been to listen to Zhang Qian when he returned to China from his journey through Central Asia and West Asia? (当张骞从中亚和西亚旅行回到中国时，听他讲述该是多么美妙啊)”可知，作者先提到旅行是最令人兴奋的经历之一，然后举出马可·波罗和张骞游历，提到他们完全不一样的美妙感受。由此推知，作者提到两人是为了表明旅行是一种奇妙的体验。故选B项。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“But among the travels to a specific destination, the first is more likely to be the best. Imagine a person who has been eagerly expecting his first travel to the United States. Of course, he may have seen the Statue of Liberty a thousand times on TV, and the White House, and all the other famous sights. But none of that would compare to the thrill of looking out of the cabin window as the plane lands, watching the cities and streets of the real America come into view. (但在前往特定目的地的旅行中，第一次旅行更有可能是最好的。想象一下，一个人热切地期待着他的第一次美国之旅。当然，他可能在电视上看过上千次自由女神像，还有白宫和其他著名景点。但是，当飞机降落时，这些都比不上从机舱窗口望向窗外，看到真实的美国城市和街道时的兴奋)”可知，作者以一个人第一次的美国之旅为例，描述了他看到真实场景时的兴奋，表明最好的旅行往往是第一次亲身的体验。故选A项。 【3题详解】 词句猜测题。根据画线词的上文“As we get to know foreign places, we come to understand that there are many different ways to live, and that the way we live isn’t necessarily the best way. (随着我们对外国的了解，我们开始明白有许多不同的生活方式，我们的生活方式不一定是最好的)”可知，作者强调在旅游的过程中应该理解和尊重其他国家人民的生活方式，摒弃以我为尊的观念，以一种开放的心态来接纳文化差异。因此，画线部分意思应该是“接纳，包容”，与Acceptance意思一致。故选C项。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Although travel is often just for recreation, it’s also educational. (虽然旅行通常只是为了娱乐，但它也有教育意义)”和最后一段中“One of the lessons we learn is undoubtedly a moral one. As we get to know foreign places, we come to understand that there are many different ways to live, and that the way we live isn’t necessarily the best way. (我们学习的一课无疑是道德上的。随着我们对外国的了解，我们开始明白有许多不同的生活方式，我们的生活方式不一定是最好的)”可推知，作者认为出国旅行可以提高人们对文化的理解。故选C项。 B Birds rely on their keen sense of hearing to detect prey(猎物) and identify other birds on the basis of their songs. In fact, birds have better hearing than humans, so they hear with much more detail. So how do birds hear? Birds and humans both have an inner ear and a middle ear. However, birds differ from humans in that they lack an external ear structure. Where humans have an outer ear organ, birds have a funnel-shaped(漏斗状的) opening that functions as their outer ear, located on each side of their head. These openings are usually positioned behind and slightly below a bird’s eyes and are protected by soft feathers. The position of a bird’s head also plays a role in its hearing abilities. Scientists have determined that noises register(显示) at different frequencies on each side of the bird’s head. Depending on the angle from which the noise originates, it registers with a certain frequency in the left eardrum(耳膜) but with a different frequency in the right eardrum. This allows the bird to locate a sound’s origin. Let’s take a look at owls. They are known for their extremely accurate hearing, which helps them locate prey at night. This hearing ability is partly due to the unbalanced arrangement of the ear openings, with one opening being lower than the other. Sounds register in these openings at slightly different times. Owls can use this time difference, which is only 30 millionths of a second, to determine whether the sounds are coming from their left or their right. Other birds of prey have small covers in front of their ears that help them determine whether sounds are coming from above them or below them. Some owls do appear to have ears on the top of their head, but those are actually feathers controlled by small muscles under the skin that do not affect their hearing at all. 5. According to paragraph 2, what is the major difference between birds’ ears and humans’ cars? A. Size B. Position. C. Structure. D. Function. 6. What does the underlined word “This” in paragraph 3 probably refer to? A. Each side of the bird’s head. B. Sound quality around the bird. C. The angle from which the noise comes. D. The difference in frequencies between the eardrums. 7. What is the purpose of the last paragraph? A. To give examples. B. To present the main idea. C. To draw a conclusion. D. To compare different opinions. 8. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. Different Senses of Birds B. Amazing Abilities of Birds C. The Secret of Birds’ Hearing D. The Origin of Birds’ Hearing 【答案】5. C 6. D 7. A 8. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了鸟的耳朵结构，并以猫头鹰为例，解释了鸟类听力远高于人类的原因。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“However, birds differ from humans in that they lack an external ear structure. (然而，鸟类与人类的不同之处在于它们缺少外耳结构)”可知，鸟儿和人类耳朵不同的地方在于它们没有外耳结构，也就是结构不同。故选C。 【6题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段“Scientists have determined that noises register(显示) at different frequencies on each side of the bird’s head. Depending on the angle from which the noise originates, it registers with a certain frequency in the left eardrum(耳膜) but with a different frequency in the right eardrum. (科学家们已经确定，噪音在鸟头部两侧的频率不同。根据噪音产生的角度，它在左鼓膜中以特定的频率记录，但在右鼓膜中以不同的频率记录)”可知，鸟能够定位声音的来源是因为左鼓膜和右鼓膜有不同的频率记录。所以This指代“耳膜之间的频率差异”。故选D。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Let’s take a look at owls. They are known for their extremely accurate hearing, which helps them locate prey at night. This hearing ability is partly due to the unbalanced arrangement of the ear openings, with one opening being lower than the other. Sounds register in these openings at slightly different times. (让我们来看看猫头鹰。它们以极其准确的听觉而闻名，这有助于它们在夜间定位猎物。这种听力能力的部分原因是耳朵开口的不平衡排列，其中一个开口低于另一个开口。这些开口的发音时间略有不同)”以及“Other birds of prey have small covers in front of their ears that help them determine whether sounds are coming from above them or below them. Some owls do appear to have ears on the top of their head, but those are actually feathers controlled by small muscles under the skin that do not affect their hearing at all.(其他猛禽的耳朵前面有小盖子，可以帮助它们确定声音是来自它们的上方还是下方。有些猫头鹰的头顶看起来确实有耳朵，但这些实际上是由皮肤下的小肌肉控制的羽毛，根本不影响它们的听力)”可推知，本段的目的主要是通过猫头鹰和其它猛禽的例子来证明鸟类听力好的原因。故选A。 【8题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Birds rely on their keen sense of hearing to detect prey (猎物) and identify other birds on the basis of their songs. In fact, birds have better hearing than humans, so they hear with much more detail. So how do birds hear?(鸟类依靠它们敏锐的听觉来探测猎物，并根据它们的歌声来识别其他鸟类。事实上，鸟类的听力比人类好，所以它们能听到更多的细节。那么鸟类是怎么听到声音的呢?)”以及全文可知，文章主要介绍了鸟类结构的特点，并以猫头鹰为例，解释了鸟类听力远高于人类的原因。所以“鸟类听觉的秘密”适合作本文的标题。故选C。 C Children who grow up at homes filled with books tend to have less cognitive (认知的) decrease when they reach old age, even when taking factors such as wealth and education into consideration. Previous studies have found that children with large home libraries are more likely to do well at school and in their later careers. Ella Cohn-Schwartz at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev in Israel and her workmates wondered whether the benefits of early book exposure extend into old age. They analyzed data from over 8000 men and women aged 65 and older without Alzheimer’s disease in 16 European countries, who had taken memory tests in 2011 and 2013. The tests included trying to memorize lists of words and naming as many animals as possible in one minute. Participants were asked to recall how many books their family homes contained when they were children: no books, one shelf (about 25 books), one bookcase (about 100 books), two bookcases or more. Those who grew up with larger book collections performed better in all memory tests. They also showed slower cognitive decrease, with a smaller drop in their test scores between 2011 and 2013. This may be because their early book exposure encouraged them to read more, which in turn improved their “cognitive reserve”, says Cohn-Schwartz. The findings remained the same when the researchers made adjustments for the participants’ wealth, education, physical health and other factors. This suggests that large home libraries are not just a sign of having more money, they can also protect the brain in various ways, says Cohn-Schwartz. Moreover, children who grow up at homes filled with books are probably also encouraged to take up other wholesome activities, doing sports, for example, which could also improve their cognitive reserve according to Ralph Martins at Edith Cow an University in Perth, Australia. 9. Why did Ella and her workmates perform the study? A. To explain the benefits of early book exposure. B. To prove books make a difference only in our old age. C. To show whether people should read books in old age. D. To test if book exposure in childhood benefits old people. 10. What can we know about the participants in the study? A. They reported their early book exposure. B. They grew up at homes filled with books. C. They showed a sign of Alzheimer’s disease. D. They were asked to memorize as many animal names as possible. 11. What can we know from the findings of the study? A. Setting up a home library needs a lot of money. B. People with early book exposure tended to read more books. C. The findings were affected by participants’ wealth, education and physical health. D. The test scores of people who grew up with larger book collections increased between 2011 and 2013. 12. What’s the main idea of the text? A. Doing sports could improve cognitive reserve. B. People are encouraged to read more books in their childhood. C. Children who grow up at homes filled with books have a better memory. D. Old people with early book exposure tend to have less cognitive decrease. 【答案】9. D 10. A 11. B 12. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究发现，在充满书籍的家庭中长大的孩子，在老年时认知能力下降的程度较小。即使考虑到财富、教育等因素后，这种关联依然存在。研究人员认为，这可能是因为早期接触书籍可能鼓励孩子阅读，反过来提高了他们的认知储备。另外，这些孩子可能也会受到鼓励从事其他有益健康的活动，进一步增强他们的认知能力。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Ella Cohn-Schwartz at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev in Israel and her workmates wondered whether the benefits of early book exposure extend into old age. (以色列内盖夫本古里安大学的Ella Cohn-Schwartz和她的同事们想知道，早期接触书籍的好处是否会延续到老年)”可知，Ella和同事开展该研究的目的是检测儿童时期接触书籍是否对老年人有益。故选D项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Participants were asked to recall how many books their family homes contained when they were children: no books, one shelf (about 25 books), one bookcase (about 100 books), two bookcases or more. (参与者被要求回忆他们小时候家里有多少书：没有书，一个书架（大约25本书），一个书柜（大约100本书），两个书架或更多)”可知，该研究的参与者报告了自己早期接触书籍的经历。故选A项。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“This may be because their early book exposure encouraged them to read more, which in turn improved their “cognitive reserve”, says Cohn-Schwartz. (Cohn-Schwartz说，这可能是因为他们早期的书籍接触鼓励他们阅读更多，这反过来又提高了他们的“认知储备”)”可知，早期接触书籍的人往往读更多的书。故选B项。 【12题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Children who grow up at homes filled with books tend to have less cognitive (认知) decrease when they reach old age, even when taking factors such as wealth and education into consideration. (在充满书籍的家庭中长大的孩子，即使考虑到财富和教育等因素，他们到老年时的认知衰退也会更少)”可知，文章围绕一项研究展开，主要呈现了该研究的发现：在充满书籍的家庭中长大的孩子，在老年时认知能力下降的程度较小，并介绍了研究目的、研究方法、研究结果，以及研究人员对研究发现的解释。因此，文章的主旨为“早期接触书籍的老年人认知能力下降较少”。故选D项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Boxing has been practiced for centuries— it was even one of the sports in the original Olympic Games in ancient Greece. ___13___ Hundreds of thousands of people from all walks of life participate in the sport every week. But why? The answer lies in the physical, mental and even social benefits boxing can bring. Its physical benefits are clear. Whether it’s practicing with a punching (拳打) bag, training with a partner or facing an opponent in the ring, boxing can be an intense form of exercise and give a full- body workout. ___14___ And it can also increase anaerobic (无氧的) fitness— allowing someone to work out harder, for longer. These can, in turn, positively impact other aspects of physical well- being, like heart health and weight management. ___15___ Boxing can also positively impact someone’s mental well- being. Dr Jessica Pinchbeck, Senior Lecturer in Sport and Fitness at the Open University, says that boxing can relieve some of the symptoms (症状) of anxiety and depression. Exercising regularly is already widely known to be good for mental health, but boxing can also bring a sense of discipline and focus. And there is a third benefit to putting on the boxing gloves. Practicing punches can be done alone, of course. ___16___ It also involves working with others to train and stay safe. Dr Gavin Williams, Senior Lecturer in Education at the Open University, says that this cooperation and team work can create a sense of identity and belonging. ___17___ A. It can improve muscular strength. B. But boxing is not just an individual activity. C. So the interactive elements bring social benefits. D. So boxing also strengthens a sense of community. E. More recently, boxing has become the mainstream in the UK. F. But the high physical demands of the sport aren’t just good for the body. G. It promotes self- defense skills, helping build confidence to protect oneself. 【答案】13. E 14. A 15. F 16. B 17. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要围绕“拳击”这一主题，从多个角度（身体、心理、社交等）介绍了拳击的好处，并辅以专家观点和具体描述来增强说服力。 【13题详解】 由上文“Boxing has been practiced for centuries— it was even one of the sports in the original Olympic Games in ancient Greece. (拳击运动已经有几个世纪的历史了，它甚至是古希腊奥运会的比赛项目之一。)”可知，前一句提到拳击已经存在了几个世纪，甚至是古希腊奥运会中的一项运动，接下来需要描述拳击在现代的普及情况。E选项提到“More recently, boxing has become the mainstream in the UK. (最近，拳击已经成为英国的主流运动。)”与前文形成了对比，能承接上文，符合题意。故选E项。 【14题详解】 根据前文“Its physical benefits are clear. Whether it’s practicing with a punching (拳打) bag, training with a partner or facing an opponent in the ring, boxing can be an intense form of exercise and give a full- body workout. (它对身体的好处是显而易见的。无论是用沙袋练习，与伙伴一起训练还是在拳击场上面对对手，拳击都是一种激烈的运动形式，可以锻炼全身。)”可知，此处在讲述拳击对身体的好处，所以A项“It can improve muscular strength. (它可以增强肌肉力量。)”符合本段主题，并和后文“And it can also increase anaerobic (无氧的) fitness— allowing someone to work out harder, for longer. (它还可以提高无氧适应性 —— 让人们锻炼得更努力、更持久)”构成并列关系。故选A项。 【15题详解】 设空位于段首，为本段中心句，根据后文“Boxing can also positively impact someone’s mental well- being. Dr Jessica Pinchbeck, Senior Lecturer in Sport and Fitness at the Open University, says that boxing can relieve some of the symptoms (症状) of anxiety and depression. Exercising regularly is already widely known to be good for mental health, but boxing can also bring a sense of discipline and focus. (英国开放大学体育与健身高级讲师杰西卡·平奇贝克博士说，拳击可以缓解一些焦虑和抑郁的症状。众所周知，经常锻炼对心理健康有益，但拳击也能带来自律感和专注感。)”可知，本段主要讲述拳击对心理健康的好处，所以F项“But the high physical demands of the sport aren’t just good for the body. (但是这项运动对身体的高要求不仅仅对身体有好处。)”符合本段主题，和上文构成转折关系，并引出下文。故选F项。 【16题详解】 根据前文“Practicing punches can be done alone, of course. (当然，练习出拳可以独自完成。)”以及后文“It also involves working with others to train and stay safe. (它还包括与其他人一起训练和保持安全。)”可知，B项“But boxing is not just an individual activity. (但是拳击不仅仅是个人的运动。)”和前文构成转折关系，并引出下文，符合文意。故选B项。 【17题详解】 设空位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“It also involves working with others to train and stay safe. Dr Gavin Williams, Senior Lecturer in Education at the Open University, says that this cooperation and team work can create a sense of identity and belonging. (它还包括与其他人一起训练和保持安全。开放大学教育高级讲师加文·威廉姆斯博士说，这种合作和团队合作可以创造一种认同感和归属感。)”可知，讲述拳击运动中和他人合作的好处，所以C项“So the interactive elements bring social benefits. (所以互动元素带来了社会效益。)”是对前文的总结，符合文意。故选C项。 第二部分 语言运用（共三节，满分45分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It was 80 years ago when I wrote my first letter to Paul and Renee. I was about 13 and Paul was the same ___18___ as me and his sister Renee was two year younger, and they live in France. I was keen on learning languages, so I was pleased when my French teacher assigned us pen pals. It was quite a ___19___ to get a letter from a foreign country, so I looked forward to ___20___ their reply. They weren’t particularly good at English, so we were all writing in French, which helped me acquire a good ___21___ of the language. I decided to go to France on holiday in 1949 to ___22___ them, but Paul was called up by the army, and Renee was away skiing. The family ___23___ me warmly, and I visited several times in the years that followed. The first time I met Renee, she picked me up at the station, and we ___24___ it off straight away. I never got to meet Paul. Renee wrote to me and told me that he had died ___25___ after leaving the army. Renee and I continued writing to each other, and our ___26___ became deeper. We talked about our families, our favorite pastimes and our ___27___ in life. Renee never married and worked as a nurse for half her life. As I continued to visit, I got to know her whole family, ___28___ her aunts and uncles, and distant cousins all over France. I was so ___29___ into their home life that I never felt like a tourist. I'm 93 now and I ___30___ write to Renee. She has difficulty writing now, so she phone me to reply. Most people don’t seem to have the time for letters anymore, but it gives me great ___31___ to write. My correspondence (通信) with Renee has offered me a wider ___32___ of what’s happening outside the UK. More importantly, this is the most enduring friendship I have ever had. 18. A. height B. interest C. dream D. age 19. A. problem B. thing C. fact D. debate 20. A. responding B. exchanging C. appreciating D. receiving 21. A. skill B. knowledge C. effect D. description 22. A. protect B. forgive C. meet D. recognize 23. A. explored B. admired C. helped D. treated 24. A. moved B. escaped C. switched D. hit 25. A. narrowly B. shortly C. obviously D. extremely 26. A. responsibility B. solution C. friendship D. Impression 27. A. legends B. troubles C. protests D. means 28. A. including B. with C. beyond D. about 29. A. chosen B. preferred C. introduced D. welcomed 30. A. still B. hardly C. rather D. never 31. A. pleasure B. confidence C. personality D. power 32. A. youth B. freedom C. goal D. view 【答案】18. D 19. B 20. D 21. B 22. C 23. D 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. A 31. A 32. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和笔友长达80年的深厚友谊。 【18题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那时我大约13岁，Paul和我一样大，他的妹妹Renee比我小两岁，他们住在法国。A. height高度；B. interest兴趣；C. dream梦想；D. age年龄。根据“I was about 13”以及“his sister Renee was two year younger”可知，此处是描述三人的年龄，故选D。 【19题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：收到国外来信是件大事，所以我期待着收到他们的回信。A. problem问题；B. thing事情；C. fact事实；D. debate辩论。根据空后“to get a letter from a foreign country”可知，此处指“收到国外来的信是件大事”，“quite a+n”强调在某方面很突出，故选B。 【20题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. responding响应，作出反应；B. exchanging交换；C. appreciating感激，欣赏；D. receiving收到。根据上文“get a letter from a foreign country”可知，作者期待收到笔友的回信，故选D。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的英语不是特别好，所以我们都用法语写作，这帮助我掌握了很好的语言知识。A. skill技巧；B. knowledge知识；C. effect影响；D. description描述。根据“so we were all writing in French”可知，作者和笔友都用法语写信，这能帮助他们掌握语言知识，故选B。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：1949年，我决定去法国度假去见他们，但Paul被军队征召，Renee也去滑雪了。A. protect保护；B. forgive原谅；C. meet（与……）会面；D. recognize识别。根据“but Paul was called up by the army, and Renee was away skiing”可知，在1949年的时候作者决定到法国度假去见笔友。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这家人对我很热情，在接下来的几年里，我去拜访了几次。A. explored探索；B. admired羡慕；C. helped帮助；D. treated招待，款待。上文提到作者去法国和笔友见面，结合下文“and I visited several times in the years that followed”可知，笔友的家人热情地招待了作者。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我第一次见到Renee时，她在车站接我，我们一见如故。A. moved移动，感动；B. escaped逃跑；C. switched转换；D. hit撞击。根据“she picked me up at the station”可知，作者第一次见到Renee时，两人一见如故，hit it off“一见如故，合得来”，固定短语，故选D。 【25题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：Renee写信告诉我，他离开军队后不久就去世了。A. narrowly狭窄地；B. shortly不久；C. obviously明显地；D. extremely极端地。结合语境及“after leaving the army”可知，此处指“Paul离开军队后不久就去世了”，其他选项不符合语境，故选B。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Renee和我继续相互通信，我们的友谊变得更加深厚。A. responsibility责任；B. solution解决办法；C. friendship友谊；D. impression印象。根据第一段中提到的“pen pals”和文章最后一句“More importantly, this is the most enduring friendship I have ever had.(更重要的是，这是我拥有过的最持久的友谊)”可知，作者与笔友Renee的友谊加深了。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们谈论我们的家庭，我们最喜欢的消遣和我们在生活中的烦恼。A. legends传奇；B. troubles麻烦；C. protests抗议；D. means方法。根据“our families, our favorite pastimes”和语境可知，作者和Renee是朋友，彼此分享生活中的快乐和烦恼，故选B。 【28题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：随着我的不断拜访，我逐渐了解了她的整个家庭，她的叔叔阿姨和远房表亲遍布法国各地。A. including包括；B. with和……一起；C. beyond超出；D. about关于。根据“her whole family”和空后“her aunts and uncles, and distant cousins all over France”可知，作者认识了Renee的全家，包括她的叔叔阿姨和远在法国各地的表兄妹。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们非常欢迎我进入他们的家庭生活，我从来没有觉得自己像个游客。A. chosen选择；B. preferred更喜欢；C. introduced介绍；D. welcomed欢迎。根据“I never felt like a tourist”可知，作者受到Renee全家的欢迎，故选D。 【30题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我现在已经93岁了，但我仍然给Renee写信。A. still仍然；B. hardly几乎不；C. rather相当；D. never从不。根据“I’m 93 now”可知，作者93岁了，仍然给Renee写信，故选A。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：大多数人似乎再也没有时间写信了，但写信给我带来了极大的乐趣。A. pleasure乐趣；B. confidence信心；C. personality性格，个性；D. power力量。根据“Most people don’t seem to have the time for letters anymore”和转折词but可知，写信给作者带来了极大的乐趣，故选A。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我和Renee的通信让我对英国以外发生的事情有了更广泛的了解。A. youth青年；B. freedom自由；C. goal目标；D. view视野，看。根据“what’s happening outside the UK”及语境可知，作者一直和法国的笔友通信，这让作者了解了英国以外发生的事情。故选D。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。 Students spend most of their days indoors ____33____ (surround) by other students. If someone gets a runny nose, it’s usually only a matter of days before it spreads to other students, teachers and their families. What can you do ____34____ (stay) healthy? Aside from doing your best to avoid germs (细菌), support your immune system (免疫系统). The immune system is complex (复杂的), ____35____ over the past decades (十年) researchers ____36____ (uncover) ways to keep it running strong. A ____37____ (vary) diet supports health overall. “There are a huge number of nutrients (营养) with important roles ____38____ our immune system.” Childs notes. “These include iron, ____39____ our bodies need to make red blood cells. Also vitamin D, which helps strengthen bones.” Besides, it is a good idea to get out of the classroom and hang out with friends in nature, which is easy and costs little. Just ____40____ (breathe) in the charged air particles can power you and your immune system, keeping you feeling well and removing stress. Being ____41____ (physical) active improves our immunity in other ways, too. “It doesn’t have to be a specific type of exercise”, says Sebastien Chastin, a public-health researcher at Glasgow Caledonian University in Scotland. Any form of exercise can keep your immunity strong— and illness at bay. For instance, walking, running and playing sports are all ____42____ (type) of immune-boosting exercise. “Any exercise counts.” he notes. 【答案】33. surrounded 34. to stay 35. but 36. have uncovered 37. varied 38. in 39. which 40. breathing 41. physically 42. types 【解析】 【导语】本文体裁属于说明文。文章主要关于学生在室内学习时容易感染疾病的问题，并提供了一些保持健康和增强免疫力的建议，如保持多样化饮食、进行户外活动和定期锻炼等。 【33题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：学生们大部分时间都在室内度过，周围都是其他学生。本句谓语为spend，此处为非谓语动词，且Students与surround“包围”为被动关系，应用过去分词，表被动。故填surrounded。 【34题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：你能做些什么来保持健康？本句谓语为do，此处为非谓语动词，本空用stay“保持”的不定式to stay，作目的状语。故填to stay。 【35题详解】 考查连词。句意：免疫系统是复杂的，但研究人员在过去几十年里发现了保持其强健的方法。本空前后为转折关系，用连词but连接，故填but。 【36题详解】 考查时态。句意：免疫系统是复杂的，但研究人员在过去几十年里发现了保持其强健的方法。根据over the past decades可知，uncover“发现”这一动作开始于过去，持续到现在，句子时态应用现在完成时，又因主语researchers是复数，所以助动词用have。故填have uncovered。 【37题详解】 考查形容词。句意：多样化的饮食支持整体健康。本空用形容词varied“多样化的”，修饰名词diet，作前置定语。故填varied。 【38题详解】 考查介词。句意：有许多对我们的免疫系统有重要作用的营养素。本空用介词in，表示“在……中”，故填in。 【39题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这些包括铁，我们的身体需要它来制造红细胞。本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是iron，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作need的宾语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：仅仅是呼吸带电的空气颗粒就能给你和你的免疫系统充电，让你感觉良好，减轻压力。本句谓语为can power，此处为非谓语动词，本空用breathe“呼吸”的动名词，作主语，故填breathing。 【41题详解】 考查副词。句意：身体活跃还能以其他方式改善我们的免疫力。本空用副词physically“身体上”，修饰形容词active，作状语。故填physically。 【42题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：例如，散步、跑步和运动都是各种各样增强免疫力的运动。type“类型”，类型不止一个，用复数形式。all types of各种各样的。故填types。 第三节 单词填空（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 阅读下列各句，根据首字母和汉语提示在空白处填入恰当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。 43. Sales director is a p____________  (职位) where communication ability is just as important as sales skills. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】position##osition 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：销售总监是一个沟通能力与销售技能同等重要的职位。根据汉语提示和首字母提示，以p开头且含义为“职位”的词为position，冠词a提示用其单数形式，故填position。 44. These products r_________ (在……范围内变动) in price from $3 to $15. (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】range##ange 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：这些产品的价格从3美元到15美元不等。products 作句子主语，空格处作句子谓语；根据句意理解，空格处表示价格变化，表示客观事实，用一般现在时，range 意为“(在一定范围内)变动”，主语是复数，填入原形即可。故填range。 45. Never before has our country been so ________(power) as it is today . (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】powerful 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们的国家从未像今天这样强大。作表语，表示“强大的”，应用形容词powerful。故填powerful。 46. It was the first time that she had lived _________ (dependent). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】independently 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：这是她第一次独立生活。修饰动词had lived，作状语，表示“独立”应用副词independently。故填 independently。 47. Living in the new era (时代)，we should shoulder the __________ (responsible) to achieve the Chinese dream. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】responsibility 【解析】 【详解】考查名词作宾语。句意：生活在新时代，我们应该肩负起实现中国梦的责任。句中shoulder是动词，意为“承担，肩负着”，后面用名词作宾语；responsible是形容词，其名词是responsibility。故答案为responsibility。 48. It is t_________ (type) of him to take exercise every morning. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】typical##ypical 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他一贯每天早晨锻炼。本空用形容词typical“一贯的，典型的”，作表语。故填typical。 49. After _________ (毕业) from university, he found a job he was interested in. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】graduating 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：大学毕业后，他找到了一份自己感兴趣的工作。“毕业”应用动词graduate，短语graduate from意为“从……毕业”，空处作介词After的宾语，graduate应用动名词形式。故填graduating。 50. According to a survey, most Chinese young netizens are in favor of videos _______(以……为特征) traditional culture.(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】featuring 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：根据一项调查，大多数中国年轻网民都喜欢以传统文化为特色的视频。根据汉语提示“以……为特征”及句子结构可知，此处应用动词feature的现在分词作后置定语，修饰名词videos，动词feature和所修饰的名词之间是主动关系。故填featuring。 51. My teacher suggested I _________ (使适应) myself to the new conditions of the school. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】adapt##should adapt 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：老师建议我适应学校的新环境。“使适应”应用动词adapt，短语adapt oneself to意为“使自己适应……”，suggest表示“建议”，其后的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，谓语部分用“should+动词原形”的形式，且should可以省略。故填adapt/should adapt。 52. I wonder which ones are most suitable and __________ (attract) to your foreign friends? (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】attractive 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我想知道哪些是最适合和最吸引你的外国朋友的？由句意及空前的are most suitable and可知应填形容词形式attractive，与suitable 并列，作表语。故填attrative。 53. I have plenty of things to keep the children e_________ (娱乐) when we go on long journeys. (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】entertained##ntertained 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：当我们长途旅行时，我有很多东西可以给孩子们提供娱乐。结合首字母提示可知，“娱乐”应用动词entertain，且空处作宾语补足语，entertain和the children逻辑上是动宾关系，因此用entertain的过去分词形式。故填entertained。 54. I don’t know how ________ (improve) my written English. Could you do me a favour? (所给词适当形式填空) 【答案】to improve 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词、固定句型。句意：我不知道如何提高我的书面英语。你能帮我个忙吗？固定句型“特殊疑问词+不定式”，可作主语、宾语、表语，how后面跟动词不定式to do表示“如何做某事”，用improve“提高”的不定式。故填to improve。 55. _________ (compare) the two plans, we found the latter is more practical. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Comparing 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：比较这两个方案，我们发现后一个方案更实际。句子主干成分完整，空处为非谓语，compare“比较”和we逻辑上是主动关系，因此用compare的现在分词形式，作状语，且句首单词的首字母需大写。故填Comparing。 56. Emoji can help communication feel more convenient, and even a serious note can be softened with an ________ (encourage) look. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】encouraging 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：表情符号可以让交流变得更方便，即使是严肃的语气也可以用鼓励的表情来缓和。空处作修饰look的定语，描述look的性质，应用形容词encouraging“鼓舞人心的，鼓励的”。故填encouraging。 57. _________ (equip) with advanced knowledge, we can better understand nature. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Equipped 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：有了先进知识，我们就能更好地了解自然。句子主干成分完整，空处是非谓语，表示一种条件，equip和we逻辑上是是动宾关系，短语be equipped with意为“装备有，具有”，因此用equip的过去分词形式，作状语，且句首单词的首字母需大写。故填Equipped。 第三部分 写作（满分25分） 58. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Alex sat quietly at the back of his Chinese class, his eyes fixed on the textbook before him. As a shy and unnoticed student, he felt like a lone wolf, struggling against the complexities of high school life. Ms Lau, his Chinese teacher, was a light in his otherwise dark world. Her warm smile and gentle behavior made her stand out among the sea of teachers. She was the only one who seemed to understand his conservative nature, always encouraging him to step out of his comfort zone. One day, after class, Ms Lau approached Alex with excitement shining in her eyes. “Alex, I have an offer for you,” she said, her voice filled with enthusiasm. “I am organizing a cultural exchange program to China, and I believe it would be a great opportunity for you to explore a new world.” Alex’s heart skipped a beat, the prospect of traveling to a foreign country both exciting and terrifying. He hesitated, unsure if he had the courage to start such an adventure. But Ms Lau’s firm belief in him gave him the push he needed to take a leap of faith. Under Ms Lau’s guidance, Alex began preparing for the trip. He got really interested in Chinese culture and learned about its long history and traditions. Ms Lau became his mentor(导师), teaching him not only the language but also invaluable life lessons. She taught him the importance of being confident and not giving up, reminding him that growth only happens outside one’s comfort zone. The day of departure arrived, and Alex found himself on a plane headed for China. He couldn’t help but feel amazed as he stepped off the plane and into a world so different from his own. The busy streets, bright colors, and unfamiliar sounds flooded his senses. Yet, Ms Lau’s comforting presence by his side provided him with the strength to face the unknown. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150词左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 During their time in China, Alex wholeheartedly enjoyed the experience. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Back in the United States, Alex was a changed person. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】He felt so excited that she couldn’t wait to explore China. The high buildings, the modern cities,the picturesque scenery and the advanced technology made Alex really fall in love with this great country. Also, Alex visited several well-known places of interest in China, such as the Great Wall, the Forbidden City and so on, in which he learned much more about Chinese traditional culture and history. Besides that, he enjoyed a lot of Chinese delicious food. He liked the Beijing roast duck best. Most importantly, to his happiness, he made a lot of Chinese friends. They were friendly and kind to him. He was no longer shy and quiet. He became much more confident and outgoing. As soon as he went back to school, he was glad to tell his classmates about his wonderful experience in China.He studied even harder and was also brave to express opinions and ideas in the class, which won popularity among teachers and students. More and more classmates made friends with Alex. He was much happier and more optimistic towards life and future. 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了Alex这个小男孩经常坐在班级的后面，害羞，不引人注目，没有朋友，像一头孤狼一样独来独往。唯一带给Alex阳光和安慰的是他的语文老师，Ms Lau. Ms Lau鼓励他去参加中国的文化交流项目。中国之行彻底改变了Alex，让他变得阳光开朗。 【详解】段落续写 ①由第一段首句“During their time in China, Alex wholeheartedly enjoyed the experience. ”(在中国期间，亚历克斯非常享受这段经历。)可知，第一段可描写Alex在中国旅行交流的经历。 ②由第二段首句“Back in the United States, Alex was a changed person.”(回到美国，亚历克斯变了一个人。)可知，第二段可描写Alex回到美国后发生的变化。 续写线索：到中国→参观名胜古迹→吃美食→交中国朋友→回到美国→变化 词汇激活 行为类： ①了解：learn about/know about ②表达：speak up/express ③爱上：fall in love with/lose one’s heart to 情绪类： ①开心做某事：be glad to do/be happy to do ②积极乐观的：optimistic/positive ③善良的：kind/nice 【点睛】【高分句型1】He felt so excited that she couldn’t wait to explore China.(运用了so...that引导的结果状语从句) 【高分句型2】Also, Alex visited several well-known places of interest in China, such as the Great Wall, the Forbidden City and so on, in which he learned much more about Chinese traditional culture and history. (运用了in which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型3】As soon as he went back to school, he was glad to tell his classmates about his wonderful experience in China.(运用了as soon as引导的时间状语从句) 【高分句型4】He studied even harder and was also brave to express opinions and ideas in the class, which won popularity among teachers and students. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 合肥一中2024-2025 学年度第一学期高一英语素质拓展训练（二） 时长：90分钟 分值：120分 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分42.5分） 第一节（共12小题；每小题2.5分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Travel is one of the most exciting experiences a human being can have. Imagine how Italian traveler Marco Polo must have felt when he found himself on Chinese soil, seeing a way of life quite different from anything he’d seen before. And how marvelous must it have been to listen to Zhang Qian when he returned to China from his journey through Central Asia and West Asia? His brain must have been packed with everything he’d seen and heard leading to the founding of the Silk Road. Some people have traveled all over the world, and travel is a way of life to them. They perhaps know what exactly to expect before they travel. But among the travels to a specific destination, the first is more likely to be the best. Imagine a person who has been eagerly expecting his first travel to the United States. Of course, he may have seen the Statue of Liberty a thousand times on TV, and the White House, and all the other famous sights. But none of that would compare to the thrill of looking out of the cabin window as the plane lands, watching the cities and streets of the real America come into view. Although travel is often just for recreation, it’s also educational. We may not know that we are getting an education, but we still are. We’re learning every day: new words in a new language, new people, and new ways of life. But this learning takes place in the school of the world, not just the classroom. One of the lessons we learn is undoubtedly a moral one. As we get to know foreign places, we come to understand that there are many different ways to live, and that the way we live isn’t necessarily the best way. The British politician Benjamin Disraeli summed this up well when he said, “Travel teaches toleration.” 1. Why does the author mention Marco Polo and Zhang Qian? A. To explain how the Silk Road was founded. B. To present travel as an amazing experience. C. To show how the way people travel has changed. D. To describe important cultural exchanges in history. 2. What does the author want to convey in Paragraph 3? A. The best trip is often the first in-person experience. B. One’s first trip is usually the most challenging. C. There is always much to learn on one’s first trip. D. People usually make better preparations for their first trips. 3. Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word in Paragraph 5? A. Learning. B. Knowledge. C. Acceptance. D. Politics. 4. What can we know from the last two paragraphs? A. Traveling should be included in formal education. B. Traveling improves people’s confidence in their lifestyle. C. A foreign journey may raise people’s cultural understanding. D. There is more to learn from adventures than being in classroom. B Birds rely on their keen sense of hearing to detect prey(猎物) and identify other birds on the basis of their songs. In fact, birds have better hearing than humans, so they hear with much more detail. So how do birds hear? Birds and humans both have an inner ear and a middle ear. However, birds differ from humans in that they lack an external ear structure. Where humans have an outer ear organ, birds have a funnel-shaped(漏斗状) opening that functions as their outer ear, located on each side of their head. These openings are usually positioned behind and slightly below a bird’s eyes and are protected by soft feathers. The position of a bird’s head also plays a role in its hearing abilities. Scientists have determined that noises register(显示) at different frequencies on each side of the bird’s head. Depending on the angle from which the noise originates, it registers with a certain frequency in the left eardrum(耳膜) but with a different frequency in the right eardrum. This allows the bird to locate a sound’s origin. Let’s take a look at owls. They are known for their extremely accurate hearing, which helps them locate prey at night. This hearing ability is partly due to the unbalanced arrangement of the ear openings, with one opening being lower than the other. Sounds register in these openings at slightly different times. Owls can use this time difference, which is only 30 millionths of a second, to determine whether the sounds are coming from their left or their right. Other birds of prey have small covers in front of their ears that help them determine whether sounds are coming from above them or below them. Some owls do appear to have ears on the top of their head, but those are actually feathers controlled by small muscles under the skin that do not affect their hearing at all. 5. According to paragraph 2, what is the major difference between birds’ ears and humans’ cars? A. Size B. Position. C. Structure. D. Function. 6. What does the underlined word “This” in paragraph 3 probably refer to? A. Each side of the bird’s head. B. Sound quality around the bird. C The angle from which the noise comes. D. The difference in frequencies between the eardrums. 7. What is the purpose of the last paragraph? A. To give examples. B. To present the main idea. C. To draw a conclusion. D. To compare different opinions. 8. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. Different Senses of Birds B. Amazing Abilities of Birds C. The Secret of Birds’ Hearing D. The Origin of Birds’ Hearing C Children who grow up at homes filled with books tend to have less cognitive (认知的) decrease when they reach old age, even when taking factors such as wealth and education into consideration. Previous studies have found that children with large home libraries are more likely to do well at school and in their later careers Ella Cohn-Schwartz at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev in Israel and her workmates wondered whether the benefits of early book exposure extend into old age. They analyzed data from over 8000 men and women aged 65 and older without Alzheimer’s disease in 16 European countries, who had taken memory tests in 2011 and 2013. The tests included trying to memorize lists of words and naming as many animals as possible in one minute. Participants were asked to recall how many books their family homes contained when they were children: no books, one shelf (about 25 books), one bookcase (about 100 books), two bookcases or more. Those who grew up with larger book collections performed better in all memory tests. They also showed slower cognitive decrease, with a smaller drop in their test scores between 2011 and 2013. This may be because their early book exposure encouraged them to read more, which in turn improved their “cognitive reserve”, says Cohn-Schwartz. The findings remained the same when the researchers made adjustments for the participants’ wealth, education, physical health and other factors. This suggests that large home libraries are not just a sign of having more money, they can also protect the brain in various ways, says Cohn-Schwartz. Moreover, children who grow up at homes filled with books are probably also encouraged to take up other wholesome activities, doing sports, for example, which could also improve their cognitive reserve according to Ralph Martins at Edith Cow an University in Perth, Australia. 9. Why did Ella and her workmates perform the study? A. To explain the benefits of early book exposure. B. To prove books make a difference only in our old age. C. To show whether people should read books in old age. D. To test if book exposure in childhood benefits old people. 10. What can we know about the participants in the study? A. They reported their early book exposure. B. They grew up at homes filled with books. C. They showed a sign of Alzheimer’s disease. D. They were asked to memorize as many animal names as possible. 11. What can we know from the findings of the study? A. Setting up a home library needs a lot of money. B. People with early book exposure tended to read more books. C. The findings were affected by participants’ wealth, education and physical health. D. The test scores of people who grew up with larger book collections increased between 2011 and 2013. 12. What’s the main idea of the text? A. Doing sports could improve cognitive reserve. B. People are encouraged to read more books in their childhood. C. Children who grow up at homes filled with books have a better memory. D. Old people with early book exposure tend to have less cognitive decrease. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Boxing has been practiced for centuries— it was even one of the sports in the original Olympic Games in ancient Greece. ___13___ Hundreds of thousands of people from all walks of life participate in the sport every week. But why? The answer lies in the physical, mental and even social benefits boxing can bring. Its physical benefits are clear. Whether it’s practicing with a punching (拳打) bag, training with a partner or facing an opponent in the ring, boxing can be an intense form of exercise and give a full- body workout. ___14___ And it can also increase anaerobic (无氧的) fitness— allowing someone to work out harder, for longer. These can, in turn, positively impact other aspects of physical well- being, like heart health and weight management. ___15___ Boxing can also positively impact someone’s mental well- being. Dr Jessica Pinchbeck, Senior Lecturer in Sport and Fitness at the Open University, says that boxing can relieve some of the symptoms (症状) of anxiety and depression. Exercising regularly is already widely known to be good for mental health, but boxing can also bring a sense of discipline and focus. And there is a third benefit to putting on the boxing gloves. Practicing punches can be done alone, of course. ___16___ It also involves working with others to train and stay safe. Dr Gavin Williams, Senior Lecturer in Education at the Open University, says that this cooperation and team work can create a sense of identity and belonging. ___17___ A. It can improve muscular strength. B. But boxing is not just an individual activity. C. So the interactive elements bring social benefits. D. So boxing also strengthens a sense of community. E. More recently, boxing has become the mainstream in the UK. F. But the high physical demands of the sport aren’t just good for the body. G. It promotes self- defense skills, helping build confidence to protect oneself. 第二部分 语言运用（共三节，满分45分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It was 80 years ago when I wrote my first letter to Paul and Renee. I was about 13 and Paul was the same ___18___ as me and his sister Renee was two year younger, and they live in France. I was keen on learning languages, so I was pleased when my French teacher assigned us pen pals. It was quite a ___19___ to get a letter from a foreign country, so I looked forward to ___20___ their reply. They weren’t particularly good at English, so we were all writing in French, which helped me acquire a good ___21___ of the language. I decided to go to France on holiday in 1949 to ___22___ them, but Paul was called up by the army, and Renee was away skiing. The family ___23___ me warmly, and I visited several times in the years that followed. The first time I met Renee, she picked me up at the station, and we ___24___ it off straight away. I never got to meet Paul. Renee wrote to me and told me that he had died ___25___ after leaving the army. Renee and I continued writing to each other, and our ___26___ became deeper. We talked about our families, our favorite pastimes and our ___27___ in life. Renee never married and worked as a nurse for half her life. As I continued to visit, I got to know her whole family, ___28___ her aunts and uncles, and distant cousins all over France. I was so ___29___ into their home life that I never felt like a tourist. I'm 93 now and I ___30___ write to Renee. She has difficulty writing now, so she phone me to reply. Most people don’t seem to have the time for letters anymore, but it gives me great ___31___ to write. My correspondence (通信) with Renee has offered me a wider ___32___ of what’s happening outside the UK. More importantly, this is the most enduring friendship I have ever had. 18. A. height B. interest C. dream D. age 19. A. problem B. thing C. fact D. debate 20. A. responding B. exchanging C. appreciating D. receiving 21. A. skill B. knowledge C. effect D. description 22. A. protect B. forgive C. meet D. recognize 23. A. explored B. admired C. helped D. treated 24. A. moved B. escaped C. switched D. hit 25. A. narrowly B. shortly C. obviously D. extremely 26. A. responsibility B. solution C. friendship D. Impression 27. A. legends B. troubles C. protests D. means 28 A. including B. with C. beyond D. about 29. A. chosen B. preferred C. introduced D. welcomed 30. A. still B. hardly C. rather D. never 31. A. pleasure B. confidence C. personality D. power 32. A. youth B. freedom C. goal D. view 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。 Students spend most of their days indoors ____33____ (surround) by other students. If someone gets a runny nose, it’s usually only a matter of days before it spreads to other students, teachers and their families. What can you do ____34____ (stay) healthy? Aside from doing your best to avoid germs (细菌), support your immune system (免疫系统). The immune system is complex (复杂的), ____35____ over the past decades (十年) researchers ____36____ (uncover) ways to keep it running strong. A ____37____ (vary) diet supports health overall. “There are a huge number of nutrients (营养) with important roles ____38____ our immune system.” Childs notes. “These include iron, ____39____ our bodies need to make red blood cells. Also vitamin D, which helps strengthen bones.” Besides, it is a good idea to get out of the classroom and hang out with friends in nature, which is easy and costs little. Just ____40____ (breathe) in the charged air particles can power you and your immune system, keeping you feeling well and removing stress. Being ____41____ (physical) active improves our immunity in other ways, too. “It doesn’t have to be a specific type of exercise”, says Sebastien Chastin, a public-health researcher at Glasgow Caledonian University in Scotland. Any form of exercise can keep your immunity strong— and illness at bay. For instance, walking, running and playing sports are all ____42____ (type) of immune-boosting exercise. “Any exercise counts.” he notes. 第三节 单词填空（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 阅读下列各句，根据首字母和汉语提示在空白处填入恰当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。 43. Sales director is a p____________  (职位) where communication ability is just as important as sales skills. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 44. These products r_________ (在……范围内变动) in price from $3 to $15. (根据中英文提示填空) 45. Never before has our country been so ________(power) as it is today . (所给词的适当形式填空) 46. It was the first time that she had lived _________ (dependent). (所给词的适当形式填空) 47. Living in the new era (时代)，we should shoulder the __________ (responsible) to achieve the Chinese dream. (所给词的适当形式填空) 48. It is t_________ (type) of him to take exercise every morning. (所给词的适当形式填空) 49. After _________ (毕业) from university, he found a job he was interested in. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 50. According to a survey, most Chinese young netizens are in favor of videos _______(以……为特征) traditional culture.(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 51. My teacher suggested I _________ (使适应) myself to the new conditions of the school. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 52. I wonder which ones are most suitable and __________ (attract) to your foreign friends? (所给词的适当形式填空) 53. I have plenty of things to keep the children e_________ (娱乐) when we go on long journeys. (根据中英文提示填空) 54. I don’t know how ________ (improve) my written English. Could you do me a favour? (所给词的适当形式填空) 55. _________ (compare) the two plans, we found the latter is more practical. (所给词的适当形式填空) 56. Emoji can help communication feel more convenient, and even a serious note can be softened with an ________ (encourage) look. (所给词的适当形式填空) 57. _________ (equip) with advanced knowledge, we can better understand nature. (所给词的适当形式填空) 第三部分 写作（满分25分） 58. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Alex sat quietly at the back of his Chinese class, his eyes fixed on the textbook before him. As a shy and unnoticed student, he felt like a lone wolf, struggling against the complexities of high school life. Ms Lau, his Chinese teacher, was a light in his otherwise dark world. Her warm smile and gentle behavior made her stand out among the sea of teachers. She was the only one who seemed to understand his conservative nature, always encouraging him to step out of his comfort zone. One day, after class, Ms Lau approached Alex with excitement shining in her eyes. “Alex, I have an offer for you,” she said, her voice filled with enthusiasm. “I am organizing a cultural exchange program to China, and I believe it would be a great opportunity for you to explore a new world.” Alex’s heart skipped a beat, the prospect of traveling to a foreign country both exciting and terrifying. He hesitated, unsure if he had the courage to start such an adventure. But Ms Lau’s firm belief in him gave him the push he needed to take a leap of faith. Under Ms Lau’s guidance, Alex began preparing for the trip. He got really interested in Chinese culture and learned about its long history and traditions. Ms Lau became his mentor(导师), teaching him not only the language but also invaluable life lessons. She taught him the importance of being confident and not giving up, reminding him that growth only happens outside one’s comfort zone. The day of departure arrived, and Alex found himself on a plane headed for China. He couldn’t help but feel amazed as he stepped off the plane and into a world so different from his own. The busy streets, bright colors, and unfamiliar sounds flooded his senses. Yet, Ms Lau’s comforting presence by his side provided him with the strength to face the unknown. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150词左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 During their time in China, Alex wholeheartedly enjoyed the experience. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Back in the United States, Alex was a changed person. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$