精品解析：四川省内江市第一中学2023-2024学年高三上学期10月月考英语试题

内江一中高2024届10月月考英语 （考试时间120分钟，总分150分） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the woman mainly complain about? A. The weather. B. The cat. C. Her husband. 2 When did Mrs. Jenkins＇tooth start to ache? A. Yesterday afternoon. B. Yesterday evening. C. This morning. 3. What does the man want to have in his coffee? A. Cream. B. Milk. C. Sugar. 4. What time is it now? A. 10:50 pm. B. 11:00 pm. C. 11:30 pm. 5. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a cafe. B. In a gym. C. In a restaurant. 第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What job is Jane applying for? A. A salesperson. B. A waitress. C. A teacher. 7 What does John advise Jane to change? A. Her clothes. B. Her handbag. C. Her hairstyle. 听第7段材料, 回答第8、9题。 8. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Relatives. B. Schoolmates. C. Musician and fan. 9. Why does Gary feel nervous about the performance? A. He is not good at singing. B. He will perform in front of his family. C. He started playing the guitar a short time ago. 听第8段材料, 回答第10至12题。 10. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A Gardening skills. B. Their favourite food. C. The harvest in Paula’s home garden. 11. What did Stuart’s mom fail to grow? A. Strawberries. B. Potatoes. C. Beans. 12. What will Stuart do next? A. Buy an ice cream. B. Help Paula’s father. C. Learn to make pies. 听第9段材料, 回答第13至16题。 13. What is Frank probably doing now? A. Buying vegetables. B. Working in the garden. C. Doing research on insects. 14. Where did Frank find an insect last night? A. In the bedroom. B. In the living room. C. In the kitchen. 15. What does Alice think of the insect killer used by Frank? A. It is useless to most insects. B. It might be harmful to people. C. It has been proved safe to use. 16. How did Alice find out about the new product? A. From a friend. B. From a web page. C. From a paper. 听第10段材料, 回答第17至20题。 17 Who are the listeners? A. Parents. B. Teachers. C. Students. 18. How long will the trip last? A. For 20 days. B. For 10 days. C. For 5 days. 19. What is the greatest benefit of the trip according to the speaker? A. It helps students be more organized. B. It improves students’ language skills. C. It makes students experience a new culture. 20. What does the speaker remind the listeners to do? A. Take the brochure home. B. Read the information carefully. C. Sign up for the trip as soon as possible. 第二部分 阅读理解 （共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Explorers Camp •Full day camp for kids aged 5-13. •Monday-Friday, July 8-26, 9am-4pm. Week 1 | July 8-12 Week 2 | July 15-19 Week 3 | July 22-26 •Register for a single week or multiple weeks. •Fees: $365 per week. •The last day to cancel registration and receive a full refund (退款) is June 15. Camp Structure The day is divided into two thematic sessions per age group. Campers have a three-hour morning class engaging with a morning theme (9am to 12 noon) and a one-hour lunch break, followed by another three-hour class engaging with an afternoon theme (1pm to 4pm). Snack periods are held throughout the day. All campers should bring their own bagged lunch and snacks. Camp Content Explorers Camp organizes engaging arts, history and science-related activities in every class, and focuses on a range of topics that emphasize active learning, exploration and, most of all, fun! All camp sessions are created with age-appropriate activities that are tailored to the multiple ways that kids learn. Camp Staff Campers enjoy a staff-to-child ratio ranging from 1:4 to 1:7 depending on the age group. Instructors are passionate educators who are experts in their fields and have undergone training and a background check. 1. On which of the following dates can you cancel your registration with a full refund? A. June 12. B. June 22. C. July 19. D. July 26. 2. How are campers divided into different groups? A. By gender. B. By nationality. C. By interest. D. By age. 3. How many hours of class will you have altogether if you register for a single week? A. 15. B. 21. C. 30. D. 42. B Live with roommates? Have friends and family around you? Chances are that if you’re looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle, not everyone around you will be ready to jump on that bandwagon. I experienced this when I started switching to a zero waste lifestyle five years ago, as I was living with my parents, and I continue to experience this with my husband, as he is not completely zero waste like me. I’ve learned a few things along the way though, which I hope you’ll find encouraging if you’re doing your best to figure out how you can make the change in a not-always-supportive household. Zero waste was a radical lifestyle movement a few years back. I remember showing my parents a video of Bea Johnson, sharing how cool I thought it would be to buy groceries with jars, and have so little trash! A few days later, I came back with my first jars of zero waste groceries, and my dad commented on how silly it was for me to carry jars everywhere. It came off as a bit discouraging. Yet as the months of reducing waste continued, I did what I could that was within my own reach. I had my own bedroom, so I worked on removing things I didn’t need. Since I had my own toiletries (洗漱用品), I was able to start personalising my routine to be more sustainable. I also offered to cook every so often, so I portioned out a bit of the cupboard for my own zero waste groceries. Perhaps your household won’t entirely make the switch, but you may have some control over your own personal spaces to make the changes you desire. As you make your lifestyle changes, you may find yourself wanting to speak up for yourself if others comment on what you’re doing, which can turn itself into a whole household debate. If you have individuals who are not on board, your words probably won’t do much and can often leave you feeling more discouraged. So here is my advice: Lead by action. 4. What do the underlined words “jump on that bandwagon” mean in the first paragraph? A. Share an apartment with you. B. Join you in what you’re doing. C. Transform your way of living. D. Help you to make the decision. 5. What was the attitude of the author’s father toward buying groceries with jars? A. He disapproved of it. B. He was favorable to it. C. He was tolerant of it. D. He didn’t care about it. 6. What can we infer about the author? A. She is quite good at cooking. B. She respects others’ privacy. C. She enjoys being a housewife. D. She is a determined person. 7. What is the text mainly about? A. How to get on well with other family members. B How to have one’s own personal space at home. C. How to live a zero waste lifestyle in a household. D. How to control the budget when buying groceries. C A machine can now not only beat you at chess, it can also outperform you in debate. Last week, in a public debate in San Francisco, a software program called Project Debater beat its human opponents, including Noa Ovadia, Israel’s former national debating champion. Brilliant though it is, Project Debater has some weaknesses. It takes sentences from its library of documents and prebuilt arguments and strings them together. This can lead to the kinds of errors no human would make. Such wrinkles will no doubt be ironed out, yet they also point to a fundamental problem. As Kristian Hammond, professor of electrical engineering and computer science at Northwestern University, put it: “There’s never a stage at which the system knows what it’s talking about.” What Hammond is referring to is the question of meaning, and meaning is central to what distinguishes the least intelligent of humans from the most intelligent of machines. A computer works with symbols. Its program specifies a set of rules to transform one string of symbols into another. But it does not specify what those symbols mean. Indeed, to a computer, meaning is irrelevant. Humans, in thinking, talking, reading and writing, also work with symbols. But for humans, meaning is everything. When we communicate, we communicate meaning. What matters is not just the outside of a string of symbols, but the inside too, not just how they are arranged but what they mean. Meaning emerges through a process of social interaction, not of computation, interaction that shapes the content of the symbols in our heads. The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads, but also outside, in society, in social memory, social conventions and social relations. It is this that distinguishes humans from machines. And that’s why, however astonishing Project Debater may seem, the tradition that began with Socrates and Confucius will not end with artificial intelligence. 8. Why does the author mention Noa Ovadia in the first paragraph? A. To explain the use of a software program. B. To show the cleverness of Project Debater. C To introduce the designer of Project Debater. D. To emphasize the fairness of the competition. 9. What does the underlined word “wrinkles” in paragraph 2 refer to? A. Arguments. B. Doubts. C. Errors. D. Differences. 10. What is Project Debater unable to do according to Hammond? A. Create rules. B. Comprehend meaning. C. Talk fluently. D. Identify difficult words. 11. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. Social interaction is key to understanding symbols. B. The human brain has potential yet to be developed. C. Ancient philosophers set good examples for debaters. D. Artificial intelligence ensures humans a bright future. D According to the Solar Energy Industry Association, the number of solar panels installed(安装)has grown rapidly in the past decade, and it has to grow even faster to meet climate goals. But all of that growth will take up a lot of space, and though more and more people accept the concept of solar energy, few like large solar panels to be installed near them. Solar developers want to put up panels as quickly and cheaply as possible, so they haven’t given much thought to what they put under them. Often, they’ll end up filling the area with small stones and using chemicals to control weeds. The result is that many communities, especially in farming regions, see solar farms as destroyers of the soil. “Solar projects need to be good neighbors” says Jordan Macknick, the head of the Innovative Site Preparation and Impact Reductions on the Environment(InSPIRE)project. “They need to be protectors of the land and contribute to the agricultural economy.” InSPIRE is investigating practical approaches to “low-impact” solar development, which focuses on establishing and operating solar farms in a way that is kinder to the land. One of the easiest low-impact solar strategies is providing habitat for pollinators(传粉昆虫). Habitat loss, pesticide use, and climate change have caused dramatic declines in pollinator populations over the past couple of decades, which has damaged the U.S. agricultural economy. Over 28 states have passed laws related to pollinator habitat protection and pesticide use. Conservation organizations put out pollinator-friendliness guidelines for home gardens, businesses, schools, cities—and now there are guidelines for solar farms. Over the past few years, many solar farm developers have transformed the space under their solar panels into a shelter for various kinds of pollinators, resulting in soil improvement and carbon reduction. “These pollinator-friendly solar farms can have a valuable impact on everything that’s going on in the landscape,” says Macknick. 12. What do solar developers often ignore? A. The decline in the demand for solar energy. B. The negative impact of installing solar panels. C. The rising labor cost of building solar farms. D. The most recent advances in solar technology. 13. What does InSPIRE aim to do? A. Improve the productivity of local farms. B. Invent new methods for controlling weeds. C. Make solar projects environmentally friendly. D. Promote the use of solar energy in rural areas. 14. What is the purpose of the laws mentioned in paragraph 4? A. To conserve pollinators. B. To restrict solar development. C. To diversify the economy. D. To ensure the supply of energy. 15. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Pollinators: To Leave or to Stay B. Solar Energy: Hope for the Future C. InSPIRE: A Leader in Agriculture D. Solar Farms: A New Development 第二节（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 People have been playing rock, paper, scissors for about 2,000 years. It’s played everywhere. Many people think the game is all luck: their probability of winning seems about the same as their chances of losing. ____16____ There are patterns in how people make decisions. Although knowing the psychology of this game isn’t a sure ticket to winning a match, it can help. The game is mainly about predicting and reading your opponents. ____17____ Research has shown that there is a slight preference for people to begin by playing rock. There are different theories about why — it could be because it is mentioned first in the name of the game, or it could be because rock is similar to a fist which seems powerful. Thus, if we know that, it gives us an edge — just play paper. ____18____ Research shows that people who lose a hand tend to change. So there is a reasonable chance that our opponents will change to scissors or paper. That gives us our second edge — just play scissors and we should either win or draw. But this isn’t an exact science. What if it doesn’t go to plan and your opponents win? ____19____. If we lose the previous hand then our opponents might reasonably expect us to switch to something else. ____20____. Hopefully, they’ll switch, expecting us to switch, and it should improve our chances. Maybe sometimes the less predictable you are, the better chance you have of winning. A. But the outcome of the game is not random. B. So what if you could predict their first hand? C. Perhaps they know a bit of game strategy too. D. If our opponents lose, they’ll probably switch. E. “Practice, practice, practice” is the key to success. F. This gives us our final edge — surprise them by not switching. G. Look for patterns in either your opponent’s moves or behavior. 第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分) 第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的 最佳选项。 On a Friday evening in December, two weeks before Christmas, I lost my job. I hadn’t seen it coming. I was excited for the weekend, when my daughter, Kristil, and I planned to get our Christmas ____21____. Then I listened to my voicemail: “We’re sorry but your ____22____ has ended as of today.” My heart ____23____. I was the only parent. My paycheck(薪水) was survival, without which we couldn’t ____24____. The next day we searched for our tree and I struggled to be ____25____ as I eyed each price tag. Monday morning, I set off on my ____26____ way. I headed to the pawnshop(典当铺) and ____27____ the day with $ 220 richer. Over the next week, I ____28____ applied for jobs as my bank account grew smaller. One afternoon, my old professor, Sister Esther ____29____. Just her appearance gave me _____30_____ that things would be all right. I _____31_____ her a cup of tea, and we talked. As she got up to _____32_____, she handed me a Christmas card. When I opened her card, I breathed _____33_____. Hundred-dollar bills _____34_____ onto the table. Grateful tears welled(涌入) into my eyes as I _____35_____. Sister Esther had given me $1,000. On Christmas morning, Kristil and I _____36_____ around our tree, and I joyfully watched as she opened her gifts. I silently _____37_____ Sister Esther in my heart. It has been 14 years _____38_____ that Christmas. Sister Esther has passed away, but the love she gave during her life _____39_____ in the hearts of many. I am _____40_____ to be one of them. 21. A. tree B. card C. dinner D. party 22. A. trip B. work C. visit D. vacation 23. A. beat B. paused C. softened D. sank 24. A. trade B. entertain C. manage D. bear 25. A. curious B. cheerful C. generous D. cautious 26. A. money-making B. job-hunting C. family-building D. gift-shopping 27. A. wasted B. ended C. played D. possessed 28. A. nervously B. impatiently C. crazily D. unwillingly 29. A. started out B. rang up C. answered back D. came by 30. A. hope B. respect C. pressure D. information 31. A. ordered B. promised C. found D. made 32. A. leave B. greet C. drink D. communicate 33. A. with difficulty B. with effort C. in shock D. in panic 34. A. shone B. fell C. lay D. stuck 35. A. prayed B. cooked C. nodded D. counted 36. A. gathered B. hid C. raced D. wandered 37 A. reminded B. thanked C. mentioned D. missed 38. A. after B. until C. since D. before 39. A. spreads out B. dies away C. cools down D. lives on 40. A. determined B. expected C. lucky D. eager 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The government has awarded $5 million to three different local nonprofit organizations. The money will ____41____(distribute) over a four-year period and is aimed at helping approximately 1, 000 homeless people in the county of Arvada. One agency, ____42____(base) in Woodbridge, is expected ____43____(receive) $1. 5 million. The agency director says that they will focus their resources on ____44____(educate) the homeless. “We will probably build another school-home with this money,” he said. “A school-home is exactly ____45____ it sounds like. It is a school and a home. We have already built four school-homes throughout the county. We get the homeless off the street, ____46____ we educate them so they don’t have to return to the street. We teach them how to be gardeners, painters, carpenters, bricklayers, electricians, and air-conditioning repairmen.” “You wouldn’t believe ____47____ success that we have had. In fact, a couple of weeks ago, our office air-conditioning went out. My secretary called a repairman. To our surprise, the repairman ____48____(be) one of our first homeless students. He now owns his own air-conditioning business, plus two houses, two cars and a boat! He has a dozen employees. He’s doing better than I am. He fixed our air-conditioning ____49____ free. I think I might sign up for the air-conditioning class _____50_____(I). ” 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分35分） 第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中 共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(/\ )，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意： 1 .每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2 .只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。 Knowing that you took active part in the Mandarin Speech Contest and got the first prize, I’m written to congratulate you! I always remember that you’ve been devoted to learn Mandarin all the time. No matter which happened, never did you give up. And you pay off. Your hard work, especially your determination, are really admirable. What’s more, I have learned from you that we should make constantly efforts to achieve a goal even if many difficulties are in store for you. I feel proud of you and it is for a great honor to have a friend like you. Congratulations again and best wish to you! 第二节 书面表达（满分25分） 52. 上周五，你所在的学校举办了一场篮球比赛。请你给校刊“英语角”写一篇短文，介绍此次活动，内容包括： 1. 活动时间、地点； 2.比赛基本情况介绍； 3.你的看法。 注意: 1.词数100词左右； 2.可根据内容要点适当增加细书，以使行文连贯。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1-5 BACAB 6-10 ACBBC 11-15CABCB 16-20AACCB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 内江一中高2024届10月月考英语 （考试时间120分钟，总分150分） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the woman mainly complain about? A. The weather. B. The cat. C. Her husband. 2 When did Mrs. Jenkins＇tooth start to ache? A. Yesterday afternoon. B. Yesterday evening. C. This morning. 3. What does the man want to have in his coffee? A. Cream. B. Milk. C. Sugar. 4. What time is it now? A. 10:50 pm. B. 11:00 pm. C. 11:30 pm. 5. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a cafe. B. In a gym. C. In a restaurant. 第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What job is Jane applying for? A. A salesperson. B. A waitress. C. A teacher. 7. What does John advise Jane to change? A. Her clothes. B. Her handbag. C. Her hairstyle. 听第7段材料, 回答第8、9题。 8. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Relatives. B. Schoolmates. C. Musician and fan. 9. Why does Gary feel nervous about the performance? A. He is not good at singing. B. He will perform in front of his family. C. He started playing the guitar a short time ago. 听第8段材料, 回答第10至12题。 10. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A Gardening skills. B. Their favourite food. C. The harvest in Paula’s home garden. 11. What did Stuart’s mom fail to grow? A. Strawberries. B. Potatoes. C. Beans. 12. What will Stuart do next? A. Buy an ice cream. B. Help Paula’s father. C. Learn to make pies. 听第9段材料, 回答第13至16题。 13. What is Frank probably doing now? A. Buying vegetables. B. Working in the garden. C. Doing research on insects. 14. Where did Frank find an insect last night? A. In the bedroom. B. In the living room. C. In the kitchen. 15. What does Alice think of the insect killer used by Frank? A. It is useless to most insects. B. It might be harmful to people. C. It has been proved safe to use. 16. How did Alice find out about the new product? A. From a friend. B. From a web page. C. From a paper. 听第10段材料, 回答第17至20题。 17 Who are the listeners? A. Parents. B. Teachers. C. Students. 18. How long will the trip last? A. For 20 days. B. For 10 days. C. For 5 days. 19. What is the greatest benefit of the trip according to the speaker? A. It helps students be more organized. B. It improves students’ language skills. C. It makes students experience a new culture. 20. What does the speaker remind the listeners to do? A. Take the brochure home. B. Read the information carefully. C. Sign up for the trip as soon as possible. 第二部分 阅读理解 （共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Explorers Camp •Full day camp for kids aged 5-13. •Monday-Friday, July 8-26, 9am-4pm. Week 1 | July 8-12 Week 2 | July 15-19 Week 3 | July 22-26 •Register for a single week or multiple weeks. •Fees: $365 per week. •The last day to cancel registration and receive a full refund (退款) is June 15. Camp Structure The day is divided into two thematic sessions per age group. Campers have a three-hour morning class engaging with a morning theme (9am to 12 noon) and a one-hour lunch break, followed by another three-hour class engaging with an afternoon theme (1pm to 4pm). Snack periods are held throughout the day. All campers should bring their own bagged lunch and snacks. Camp Content Explorers Camp organizes engaging arts, history and science-related activities in every class, and focuses on a range of topics that emphasize active learning, exploration and, most of all, fun! All camp sessions are created with age-appropriate activities that are tailored to the multiple ways that kids learn. Camp Staff Campers enjoy a staff-to-child ratio ranging from 1:4 to 1:7 depending on the age group. Instructors are passionate educators who are experts in their fields and have undergone training and a background check. 1. On which of the following dates can you cancel your registration with a full refund? A. June 12. B. June 22. C. July 19. D. July 26. 2. How are campers divided into different groups? A. By gender. B. By nationality. C. By interest. D. By age. 3. How many hours of class will you have altogether if you register for a single week? A. 15. B. 21. C. 30. D. 42. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了探险家营地的相关信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“•The last day to cancel registration and receive a full refund (退款) is June 15. (取消注册并获得全额退款的最后一天是6月15日)”可知，你可以在6月12日取消注册并全额退款。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Camp Structure部分中的“The day is divided into two thematic sessions per age group.(白天按每个年龄组分为两个专题会议)”可知，露营者按年龄划分成不同的小组。故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据“•Monday-Friday, July 8-26, 9am-4pm.( 7月8日至26日，星期一至星期五，上午9点至下午4点)”可知，每周安排5天的活动。根据Camp Structure部分中的“Campers have a three-hour morning class engaging with a morning theme (9am to 12 noon) and a one-hour lunch break, followed by another three-hour class engaging with an afternoon theme (1pm to 4pm).(露营者有一个三小时的上午课程（上午9点到中午12点）和一个小时的午休时间，然后是另一个三个小时的下午课程（下午1点到下午4点）)”可知，全天有6个小时的课程。5*6=30。由此可知，如果你注册一周，你总共有30小时的课程。故选C。 【点睛】 B Live with roommates? Have friends and family around you? Chances are that if you’re looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle, not everyone around you will be ready to jump on that bandwagon. I experienced this when I started switching to a zero waste lifestyle five years ago, as I was living with my parents, and I continue to experience this with my husband, as he is not completely zero waste like me. I’ve learned a few things along the way though, which I hope you’ll find encouraging if you’re doing your best to figure out how you can make the change in a not-always-supportive household. Zero waste was a radical lifestyle movement a few years back. I remember showing my parents a video of Bea Johnson, sharing how cool I thought it would be to buy groceries with jars, and have so little trash! A few days later, I came back with my first jars of zero waste groceries, and my dad commented on how silly it was for me to carry jars everywhere. It came off as a bit discouraging. Yet as the months of reducing waste continued, I did what I could that was within my own reach. I had my own bedroom, so I worked on removing things I didn’t need. Since I had my own toiletries (洗漱用品), I was able to start personalising my routine to be more sustainable. I also offered to cook every so often, so I portioned out a bit of the cupboard for my own zero waste groceries. Perhaps your household won’t entirely make the switch, but you may have some control over your own personal spaces to make the changes you desire. As you make your lifestyle changes, you may find yourself wanting to speak up for yourself if others comment on what you’re doing, which can turn itself into a whole household debate. If you have individuals who are not on board, your words probably won’t do much and can often leave you feeling more discouraged. So here is my advice: Lead by action. 4. What do the underlined words “jump on that bandwagon” mean in the first paragraph? A. Share an apartment with you. B. Join you in what you’re doing. C. Transform your way of living. D. Help you to make the decision. 5. What was the attitude of the author’s father toward buying groceries with jars? A. He disapproved of it. B. He was favorable to it. C. He was tolerant of it. D. He didn’t care about it. 6. What can we infer about the author? A. She is quite good at cooking. B. She respects others’ privacy. C. She enjoys being a housewife. D. She is a determined person. 7. What is the text mainly about? A. How to get on well with other family members. B. How to have one’s own personal space at home. C. How to live a zero waste lifestyle in a household. D. How to control the budget when buying groceries. 【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者如何在家庭中过零浪费的生活方式。 【4题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线部分前文“Chances are that if you’re looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle, not everyone around you will be ready to(如果你想过一种更可持续的生活方式，可能不是你周围的每个人都准备好)”及第二段中的“I’ve learned a few things along the way though, which I hope you’ll find encouraging if you’re doing your best to figure out how you can make the change in a not-always-supportive household.(在这个过程中，我学到了一些东西，我希望如果你在一个不总是支持你的家庭中尽最大努力去弄清楚如何做出改变，你会感到鼓舞)”可知，如果你想过一种更可持续的生活方式，可能不是你周围的每个人都准备好加入这一运动。由此推知，划线词组jump on that bandwagon与Join you in what you’re doing.(加入你正在做的事情)意思接近。故选B。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“A few days later, I came back with my first jars of zero waste groceries, and my dad commented on how silly it was for me to carry jars everywhere. It came off as a bit discouraging.(几天后，我带着第一罐零废物杂货回来了，我父亲评论说，我到处带着罐子是多么愚蠢。结果有点令人沮丧)”可推知，作者的父亲不赞成用罐子买食品杂货。故选A。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Yet as the months of reducing waste continued, I did what I could that was within my own reach. (然而，随着减少浪费的几个月的持续，我尽了自己力所能及的努力)”及“Perhaps your household won’t entirely make the switch, but you may have some control over your own personal spaces to make the changes you desire.(也许你的家庭不会完全改变，但你可以控制自己的个人空间，做出你想要的改变)”可推知，作者是一个意志坚定的人。故选D。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Chances are that if you’re looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle, not everyone around you will be ready to jump on that bandwagon.(如果你想过一种更可持续的生活方式，可能不是你周围的每个人都准备好加入这一运动)”及第二段中的“I’ve learned a few things along the way though, which I hope you’ll find encouraging if you’re doing your best to figure out how you can make the change in a not-always-supportive household.(在这个过程中，我学到了一些东西，我希望如果你在一个不总是支持你的家庭中尽最大努力去弄清楚如何做出改变，你会感到鼓舞)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者如何在家庭中过零浪费的生活方式。故选C。 【点睛】 C A machine can now not only beat you at chess, it can also outperform you in debate. Last week, in a public debate in San Francisco, a software program called Project Debater beat its human opponents, including Noa Ovadia, Israel’s former national debating champion. Brilliant though it is, Project Debater has some weaknesses. It takes sentences from its library of documents and prebuilt arguments and strings them together. This can lead to the kinds of errors no human would make. Such wrinkles will no doubt be ironed out, yet they also point to a fundamental problem. As Kristian Hammond, professor of electrical engineering and computer science at Northwestern University, put it: “There’s never a stage at which the system knows what it’s talking about.” What Hammond is referring to is the question of meaning, and meaning is central to what distinguishes the least intelligent of humans from the most intelligent of machines. A computer works with symbols. Its program specifies a set of rules to transform one string of symbols into another. But it does not specify what those symbols mean. Indeed, to a computer, meaning is irrelevant. Humans, in thinking, talking, reading and writing, also work with symbols. But for humans, meaning is everything. When we communicate, we communicate meaning. What matters is not just the outside of a string of symbols, but the inside too, not just how they are arranged but what they mean. Meaning emerges through a process of social interaction, not of computation, interaction that shapes the content of the symbols in our heads. The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads, but also outside, in society, in social memory, social conventions and social relations. It is this that distinguishes humans from machines. And that’s why, however astonishing Project Debater may seem, the tradition that began with Socrates and Confucius will not end with artificial intelligence. 8. Why does the author mention Noa Ovadia in the first paragraph? A. To explain the use of a software program. B. To show the cleverness of Project Debater. C. To introduce the designer of Project Debater. D. To emphasize the fairness of the competition. 9. What does the underlined word “wrinkles” in paragraph 2 refer to? A. Arguments. B. Doubts. C. Errors. D. Differences. 10. What is Project Debater unable to do according to Hammond? A. Create rules. B. Comprehend meaning. C. Talk fluently. D. Identify difficult words. 11. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. Social interaction is key to understanding symbols. B. The human brain has potential yet to be developed. C. Ancient philosophers set good examples for debaters. D. Artificial intelligence ensures humans a bright future. 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. B 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍的是在辩论中战胜人类的名为Project Debater的软件程序。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段的“Last week, in a public debate in San Francisco, a software program called Project Debater beat its human opponents, including Noa Ovadia, Israel’s former national debating champion.(上周，在旧金山的一场公开辩论中，一个名为Project Debater的软件程序击败了它的人类对手，其中包括以色列前全国辩论冠军Noa Ovadia。)”可知，作者在第一段提到Noa Ovadia的目的是展示Project Debater的聪明。故选B。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段的“Brilliant though it is, Project Debater has some weaknesses. It takes sentences from its library of documents and prebuilt arguments and strings them together. This can lead to the kinds of errors no human would make.(尽管Project Debater很聪明，但它也有一些弱点。它从文档库和预先构建的参数中提取句子，并将它们串在一起。这可能会导致人类不会犯的错误。)”和“will no doubt be ironed out(毫无疑问会被解决)”可知，划线词所在句子表示“这样的错误会被纠正，被解决”，划线词wrinkles的意思是“错误”，和errors意思相近，故选C。 10题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“What Hammond is referring to is the question of meaning, and meaning is central to what distinguishes the least intelligent of humans from the most intelligent of machines. A computer works with symbols. Its program specifies a set of rules to transform one string of symbols into another. But it does not specify what those symbols mean. Indeed, to a computer, meaning is irrelevant.(Hammond所指的是意义的问题，而意义是区分最不聪明的人类和最聪明的机器的关键。计算机使用符号。它的程序指定了一组将一串符号转换为另一串符号的规则。但它并没有具体说明这些符号的含义。事实上，对于计算机来说，意义是无关紧要的。)”可知，根据Hammond的说法，Project Debater不能理解意义，故选B。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Meaning emerges through a process of social interaction, not of computation, interaction that shapes the content of the symbols in our heads. The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads, but also outside, in society, in social memory, social conventions and social relations.(意义的产生是通过社会互动的过程，而不是计算的过程，这种互动塑造了我们头脑中符号的内容。赋予意义的规则不仅存在于我们的头脑中，也存在于社会之外，存在于社会记忆、社会习俗和社会关系中。)”可知，从最后一段我们能了解到社会互动是理解符号的关键。故选A。 【点睛】 D According to the Solar Energy Industry Association, the number of solar panels installed(安装)has grown rapidly in the past decade, and it has to grow even faster to meet climate goals. But all of that growth will take up a lot of space, and though more and more people accept the concept of solar energy, few like large solar panels to be installed near them. Solar developers want to put up panels as quickly and cheaply as possible, so they haven’t given much thought to what they put under them. Often, they’ll end up filling the area with small stones and using chemicals to control weeds. The result is that many communities, especially in farming regions, see solar farms as destroyers of the soil. “Solar projects need to be good neighbors,” says Jordan Macknick, the head of the Innovative Site Preparation and Impact Reductions on the Environment(InSPIRE)project. “They need to be protectors of the land and contribute to the agricultural economy.” InSPIRE is investigating practical approaches to “low-impact” solar development, which focuses on establishing and operating solar farms in a way that is kinder to the land. One of the easiest low-impact solar strategies is providing habitat for pollinators(传粉昆虫). Habitat loss, pesticide use, and climate change have caused dramatic declines in pollinator populations over the past couple of decades, which has damaged the U.S. agricultural economy. Over 28 states have passed laws related to pollinator habitat protection and pesticide use. Conservation organizations put out pollinator-friendliness guidelines for home gardens, businesses, schools, cities—and now there are guidelines for solar farms. Over the past few years, many solar farm developers have transformed the space under their solar panels into a shelter for various kinds of pollinators, resulting in soil improvement and carbon reduction. “These pollinator-friendly solar farms can have a valuable impact on everything that’s going on in the landscape,” says Macknick. 12. What do solar developers often ignore? A. The decline in the demand for solar energy. B. The negative impact of installing solar panels. C. The rising labor cost of building solar farms. D. The most recent advances in solar technology. 13. What does InSPIRE aim to do? A. Improve the productivity of local farms. B. Invent new methods for controlling weeds. C. Make solar projects environmentally friendly. D. Promote the use of solar energy in rural areas. 14. What is the purpose of the laws mentioned in paragraph 4? A. To conserve pollinators. B. To restrict solar development. C. To diversify the economy. D. To ensure the supply of energy. 15. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Pollinators: To Leave or to Stay B. Solar Energy: Hope for the Future C. InSPIRE: A Leader in Agriculture D. Solar Farms: A New Development 【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍的是用一种更加友好的方式建立一种新型的太阳能农场，这种新型的农场更有利于保护各种传粉昆虫，从而促进农业的发展。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Often, they’ll end up filling the area with small stones and using chemicals to control weeds. The result is that many communities, especially in farming regions, see solar farms as destroyers of the soil.(通常，他们最终会用小石头填满该地区，并使用化学物质来控制杂草。结果是，许多社区，特别是在农业地区，将太阳能农场视为土壤的破坏者。)”可知，太阳能开发者采用不环保的方式处理太阳能板安装后产生的问题，导致人们把太阳能农场看作是土壤的破坏者，由此可以推断，开发者在安装太阳能板后忽略了其带来的负面影响。故选B项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“InSPIRE is investigating practical approaches to “low-impact” solar development, which focuses on establishing and operating solar farms in a way that is kinder to the land.(InSPIRE正在研究“低影响”太阳能开发的实用方法，其重点是以对土地更友好的方式建立和运营太阳能农场。)”可知，InSPIRE采用有好的方式建立和运营太阳能农场，也就是使得太阳能农场更加环保。故选C项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Over 28 states have passed laws related to pollinator habitat protection and pesticide use.(超过28个州通过了与传粉媒介栖息地保护和农药使用有关的法律。)”可知，这些法律都是与保护传粉者栖息地和农药使用相关，所以这些法律的目的是保护授粉者。故选A项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“Over the past few years, many solar farm developers have transformed the space under their solar panels into a shelter for various kinds of pollinators, resulting in soil improvement and carbon reduction.(在过去的几年里，许多太阳能农场开发商将太阳能电池板下的空间改造成各种传粉媒介的庇护所，从而改善了土壤并减少了碳排放。)”可知，现在的太阳能农场在过去的几年里已经得到了很大的发展，更重要的是太阳能农场也变得更加的环保，这将是未来发展农业的新趋势，再结合全文对太阳农场的发展过程的介绍可以判断，本文主题是介绍太阳能农场。故选D项。 【点睛】 第二节（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 People have been playing rock, paper, scissors for about 2,000 years. It’s played everywhere. Many people think the game is all luck: their probability of winning seems about the same as their chances of losing. ____16____ There are patterns in how people make decisions. Although knowing the psychology of this game isn’t a sure ticket to winning a match, it can help. The game is mainly about predicting and reading your opponents. ____17____ Research has shown that there is a slight preference for people to begin by playing rock. There are different theories about why — it could be because it is mentioned first in the name of the game, or it could be because rock is similar to a fist which seems powerful. Thus, if we know that, it gives us an edge — just play paper. ____18____ Research shows that people who lose a hand tend to change. So there is a reasonable chance that our opponents will change to scissors or paper. That gives us our second edge — just play scissors and we should either win or draw. But this isn’t an exact science. What if it doesn’t go to plan and your opponents win? ____19____. If we lose the previous hand then our opponents might reasonably expect us to switch to something else. ____20____. Hopefully, they’ll switch, expecting us to switch, and it should improve our chances. Maybe sometimes the less predictable you are, the better chance you have of winning. A. But the outcome of the game is not random. B. So what if you could predict their first hand? C. Perhaps they know a bit of game strategy too. D. If our opponents lose, they’ll probably switch. E. “Practice, practice, practice” is the key to success. F. This gives us our final edge — surprise them by not switching. G. Look for patterns in either your opponent’s moves or behavior. 【答案】16. A 17. B 18. D 19. C 20. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“剪刀、石头、布”游戏中的策略。 【16题详解】 上文“Many people think the game is all luck: their probability of winning seems about the same as their chances of losing.(许多人认为游戏全靠运气：他们赢的概率和输的概率似乎是一样的)”提出，这个游戏全靠运气，下文“There are patterns in how people make decisions. Although knowing the psychology of this game isn’t a sure ticket to winning a match, it can help.(人们做决定是有模式的。虽然了解这场比赛的心理并不是赢得比赛的保证，但它会有所帮助)”却讲这个游戏并不全是运气，人们做决定有一定的模式，掌握其心理学模式也会有帮助，上下文之前有转折关系。A项“But the outcome of the game is not random.(但是游戏的结果并不是随机的)”承上启下，否定上文的说法，引出下文的方法。故选A项。 【17题详解】 下文“Research has shown that there is a slight preference for people to begin by playing rock. There are different theories about why-it could be because it is mentioned first in the name of the game, or it could be because rock is similar to a fist which seems powerful.(研究表明，人们更倾向于从“石头”开始。关于这个原因有不同的理论——可能是因为它在游戏名称中首先被提到，或者可能是因为“石头”与拳头相似，看起来很有力)”提出在游戏中人们喜欢先出“石头”并分析了其原因，是对B项“So what if you could predict their first hand?(那么，如果你能直接预测他们第一手要出什么呢?)”这一问题的回复，上下文语意连贯。故选B项。 【18题详解】 下文“Research shows that people who lose a hand tend to change. So there is a reasonable chance that our opponents will change to scissors or paper. That gives us our second edge — just play scissors and we should either win or draw.(研究表明，输了一手的人往往会改变。所以我们的对手很有可能会换成剪刀或布。这给了我们第二个优势，只要出剪刀，我们要么获胜，要么平局)”详细分析了对手输了第一手后会做出的调整并给出了应对的策略，承接了D项“If our opponents lose, they’ll probably switch.(如果我们的对手输了，他们可能会改变)”假设对手输了的情况，上下文语意连贯。故选D项。 【19题详解】 上文“What if it doesn’t go to plan and your opponents win?(如果事情没有按计划进行，你的对手赢了怎么办？)”假设对手没有按我们预计出招的情况，C项“Perhaps they know a bit of game strategy too.(也许他们也知道一些游戏策略)”解释了原因，因为他们可能也知道这种策略，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。 【20题详解】 上文“If we lose the previous hand then our opponents might reasonably expect us to switch to something else.(如果我们输掉了之前的一手，那么我们的对手有理由会期待我们改变出招)”承接上一段中对手可能也知道这种策略的情况，假设他们会预判我们在输掉第一手后会做出改变，F项“This gives us our final edge — surprise them by not switching.(这给了我们最后的优势——不变，出其不意)”针对对手的预判，给出策略：不变，上下文语意连贯。且句中“our final edge”与第二段中“an edge”、第三段中“our second edge”相照应。故选F项。 第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分) 第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的 最佳选项。 On a Friday evening in December, two weeks before Christmas, I lost my job. I hadn’t seen it coming. I was excited for the weekend, when my daughter, Kristil, and I planned to get our Christmas ____21____. Then I listened to my voicemail: “We’re sorry but your ____22____ has ended as of today.” My heart ____23____. I was the only parent. My paycheck(薪水) was survival, without which we couldn’t ____24____. The next day we searched for our tree and I struggled to be ____25____ as I eyed each price tag. Monday morning, I set off on my ____26____ way. I headed to the pawnshop(典当铺) and ____27____ the day with $ 220 richer. Over the next week, I ____28____ applied for jobs as my bank account grew smaller. One afternoon, my old professor, Sister Esther ____29____. Just her appearance gave me _____30_____ that things would be all right. I _____31_____ her a cup of tea, and we talked. As she got up to _____32_____, she handed me a Christmas card. When I opened her card, I breathed _____33_____. Hundred-dollar bills _____34_____ onto the table. Grateful tears welled(涌入) into my eyes as I _____35_____. Sister Esther had given me $1,000. On Christmas morning, Kristil and I _____36_____ around our tree, and I joyfully watched as she opened her gifts. I silently _____37_____ Sister Esther in my heart. It has been 14 years _____38_____ that Christmas. Sister Esther has passed away, but the love she gave during her life _____39_____ in the hearts of many. I am _____40_____ to be one of them. 21. A. tree B. card C. dinner D. party 22 A. trip B. work C. visit D. vacation 23. A. beat B. paused C. softened D. sank 24. A. trade B. entertain C. manage D. bear 25. A. curious B. cheerful C. generous D. cautious 26. A. money-making B. job-hunting C. family-building D. gift-shopping 27. A. wasted B. ended C. played D. possessed 28. A. nervously B. impatiently C. crazily D. unwillingly 29. A. started out B. rang up C. answered back D. came by 30. A. hope B. respect C. pressure D. information 31. A. ordered B. promised C. found D. made 32. A. leave B. greet C. drink D. communicate 33. A. with difficulty B. with effort C. in shock D. in panic 34. A. shone B. fell C. lay D. stuck 35. A. prayed B. cooked C. nodded D. counted 36. A. gathered B. hid C. raced D. wandered 37. A. reminded B. thanked C. mentioned D. missed 38. A. after B. until C. since D. before 39. A. spreads out B. dies away C. cools down D. lives on 40. A. determined B. expected C. lucky D. eager 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. A 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. D 36. A 37. B 38. C 39. D 40. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在圣诞节前两周失业了，生活一度变得拮据，Esther修女及时向作者伸出援助之手，给了作者1000美元作为“圣诞礼物”。这使作者和女儿度过了愉快的圣诞节。这件事对作者产生深刻的影响，一直对Esther修女保持着感激的心情。 21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：周末我很兴奋，我和女儿Kristil打算去买圣诞树。A. tree树；B. card卡片；C. dinner晚餐；D. party聚会。与后文“The next day we searched for our tree(第二天，我们开始寻找我们的树)”相呼应，这里应是“tree”，作者和女儿打算购买圣诞树。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我听了我的语音邮件：“很抱歉，你的工作截至今天已经结束了。”A. trip旅行；B. work工作；C. visit参观，访问；D. vacation假期。前文“On a Friday evening in December, two weeks before Christmas, I lost my job.(12月的一个周五晚上，圣诞节前两周，我丢了工作。)”提到了作者圣诞节前两周失业了，因此这里应是与“job”相呼应。故选B项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的心沉了下去。A. beat击打；B. paused暂停，停顿；C. softened变软，态度缓和；D. sank下沉。根据前文“We’re sorry but your ____2____ has ended as of today.(很抱歉，你的工作截至今天已经结束了。)”可知，作者被通知失业了，因此心情应是很低落。故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的薪水是用来维持生计的，没有它我们无法生存。A. trade做生意；B. entertain使愉快，招待；C. manage管理，设法做到，维持生活；D. bear忍受。根据前文“My paycheck was survival(我的薪水是用来维持生计的)”可知，没有了薪水，作者和女儿就无法维持生活。故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第二天，我们寻找我们树，当我看着每一个价格标签时，我努力保持愉快。A. curious好奇的；B. cheerful欢快的，高兴的；C. generous慷慨的，大方的；D. cautious谨慎的。根据前文“I lost my job(我丢了工作)”可知，作者失业了，生活上开始有所拮据，因此在选购圣诞树时，比较在意价格，但也不想破坏女儿的好心情，于是，努力保持“很开心”。故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：星期一早上，我开始赚钱。A. money-making赚钱的；B. job-hunting求职的；C. family-building家庭建设的；D. gift-shopping购置礼品的。根据后文“I headed to the pawnshop(我去了当铺)”可知，作者去当铺应是为了抵押物品以换钱，A项“money-making”符合语境。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我去了当铺，以多了220美元而结束了这一天。A. wasted浪费；B. ended结束；C. played玩耍；D. possessed占有，拥有。根据前文“I headed to the pawnshop(我去了当铺)”可知，作者去了典当行，应是抵押了物品，换了些钱，因此，这一天以220美元而结束。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考察副词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的一个星期里，我疯狂地申请工作，因为我的银行账户（的钱）越来越少。A. nervously紧张地，焦急地；B. impatiently无耐性地；C. crazily疯狂地；D. unwillingly不情愿地。根据后文“as my bank account grew smaller(因为我的银行账户（的钱）越来越少)”可知，作者的钱在减少，因此，找工作的时候很急切疯狂。故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：一天下午，我的老教授Esther修女来了。A. started out出发，着手进行；B. rang up打电话给；C. answered back回应；D. came by短暂拜访，顺道拜访。根据后文“I ____11____ her a cup of tea, and we talked.(我给她沏了杯茶，我们聊了起来。)”可知，作者用茶招待了Sister Esther，还进行了交谈，因此可知，Sister Esther来到了作者的家里。故选D项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：仅仅是她的出现就给了我一切都会好的希望。A. hope希望；B. respect尊敬，尊重；C. pressure压力；D. information消息，信息。分析语境可知，后文“that things would be all right(一切都会好起来的)”表达的是一种希望。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我给她沏了杯茶，我们聊了起来。A. ordered命令，预订；B. promised答应，允诺；C. found找到，发现；D. made制造，使让。“make a cup of tea”，固定短语，意为“泡了一杯茶”。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她起身离开时，她递给我一张圣诞贺卡。A. leave离开；B. greet问候，打招呼；C. drink喝，饮；D. communicate交流，沟通。根据前文“got up(站起来)”可推知，这里应是讲述Esther修女要离开了。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：当我打开她的卡片时，我震惊得喘不过气来。A. with difficulty困难地，吃力地；B. with effort努力地；C. in shock休克，震惊地；D. in panic恐慌地。根据后文“Hundred-dollar bills(百元美钞)”可知，Esther修女留给了作者一些钱，这令作者很震惊。故选C项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：百元美钞掉在桌上。A. shone发光；B. fell降落，跌倒；C. lay躺，位于；D. stuck粘，戳。根据前文“When I opened her card(当我打开她的卡片)”可知，作者打开卡片，钱就掉到了桌子上。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：数着数着，感激的泪水涌上了我的眼眶。A. prayed祈祷，渴望；B. cooked做饭，烹饪；C. nodded点头，打瞌睡；D. counted计数，把……算入。根据后文“Sister Esther had given me $1,000.(Esther修女给了我1000美元。)”可知，这个数额是作者计数出来的。故选D项。 【36题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：圣诞节的早晨，Kristil和我聚在圣诞树旁，我高兴地看着她打开礼物。A. gathered聚集，召集；B. hid躲藏，隐藏；C. raced比赛；D. wandered徘徊，闲逛。根据语境“On Christmas morning(在圣诞节的早晨)”“around our tree(在树的周围)”可推知，这一天早晨，作者和女儿围在圣诞树下。“gather around”有“围着，聚集在”含义。故选A项。 【37题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我默默地在心里感谢Esther修女。A. reminded提醒，使想起；B. thanked感谢；C. mentioned提到，提及；D. missed错过，思念。根据前文“On Christmas morning, Kristil and I ____16___ around our tree, and I joyfully watched as she opened her gifts.(圣诞节的早晨，Kristil和我聚在圣诞树旁，我高兴地看着她打开礼物。)”可知，作者和女儿能够开心地过圣诞节，作者很感谢Esther修女。故选B项。 【38题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：距离那个圣诞节已经过去14年了。A. after在……以后；B. until直到；C. since自从，因为；D. before在……以前。分析语法可知，这里是现在完成时，与“since”连用。故选C项。 【39题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：Esther修女已经去世了，但她一生中给予的爱仍然存在于许多人的心中。A. spreads out展开，铺开；B. dies away减弱，消失；C. cools down冷却，平静下来；D. lives on继续存在，靠……生活。分析可知，该句为转折句，与前文“passed away(去世)”相反，这里应是“lives on(继续存在)”。故选D项。 【40题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很幸运能成为他们中的之一。A. determined坚定的，果断的；B. expected预料的，预期的；C. lucky幸运的；D. eager渴望的，热切的。分析语境可知，“the hearts of many”应是指那些受到过Esther修女关爱的人们，而作者也是其中之一，为此，作者认为自己很幸运。故选C项。 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The government has awarded $5 million to three different local nonprofit organizations. The money will ____41____(distribute) over a four-year period and is aimed at helping approximately 1, 000 homeless people in the county of Arvada. One agency, ____42____(base) in Woodbridge, is expected ____43____(receive) $1. 5 million. The agency director says that they will focus their resources on ____44____(educate) the homeless. “We will probably build another school-home with this money,” he said. “A school-home is exactly ____45____ it sounds like. It is a school and a home. We have already built four school-homes throughout the county. We get the homeless off the street, ____46____ we educate them so they don’t have to return to the street. We teach them how to be gardeners, painters, carpenters, bricklayers, electricians, and air-conditioning repairmen.” “You wouldn’t believe ____47____ success that we have had. In fact, a couple of weeks ago, our office air-conditioning went out. My secretary called a repairman. To our surprise, the repairman ____48____(be) one of our first homeless students. He now owns his own air-conditioning business, plus two houses, two cars and a boat! He has a dozen employees. He’s doing better than I am. He fixed our air-conditioning ____49____ free. I think I might sign up for the air-conditioning class _____50_____(I). ” 【答案】41. be distributed 42. based 43. to receive 44. educating 45. what 46. and 47. the 48. was 49. for 50. myself 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。讲述了政府向当地非营利组织奖励了500万美元，这些钱将被用来帮助无家可归的人，文章还具体讲述了一家非盈利组织救助无家可归者采取的措施以及取得的成功。 【41题详解】 考查动词时态语态。句意：这笔钱将在四年时间内分发，目的是帮助阿瓦达县大约1000名无家可归的人。分析句子可知，distribute和will构成谓语动词，与主语The money是被动关系，空前有助动词will，故用一般将来时的被动语态，故填be distributed。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：一家机构，总部在Woodbridge，预计将获得150万美元。分析句子可知，“(base) in Woodbridge”作定语，base与One agency是被动关系，故用过去分词，故填based。 【43题详解】 考查不定式。句意同上。be expected to do sth.“被预计……”，用不定式作主语补足语，故填to receive。 【44题详解】 考查动名词。句意：该机构负责人表示，他们将把资源集中在教育无家可归者上。介词后接动名词作宾语，故填educating。 【45题详解】 考查表语从句。句意：一所“学校之家”就是它听起来的样子。分析句子可知，空处引导表语从句，从句like是介词，缺少宾语，指物，用从属连词what引导表语从句，故填what。 【46题详解】 考查连词。句意：我们让无家可归的人离开街头，我们教育他们，这样他们就不必回到街头。根据句意并分析句子可知，空处用连词连接两个句子，前后文是顺承关系，故填and。 【47题详解】 考查冠词。句意：你不会相信我们已经取得的成功。修饰名词用冠词，根据句意此处特指“我们已经取得的成功”，故填the。 【48题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：令我们吃惊的是，那个修理工是我们第一批无家可归的学生之一。根据上文的“a couple of weeks ago”可知，此处讲述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，且主语the repairman是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数，故填was。 【49题详解】 考查介词。句意：他免费修理了我们的空调。for free“免费地”是固定短语，根据句意，故填for。 【50题详解】 考查代词。句意：我想我也可以自己报名参加空调课。分析句子并根据句意可知，空处与主语指同一人，故用反身代词作状语，故填myself。 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分35分） 第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中 共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(/\ )，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意： 1 .每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2 .只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。 Knowing that you took active part in the Mandarin Speech Contest and got the first prize, I’m written to congratulate you! I always remember that you’ve been devoted to learn Mandarin all the time. No matter which happened, never did you give up. And you pay off. Your hard work, especially your determination, are really admirable. What’s more, I have learned from you that we should make constantly efforts to achieve a goal even if many difficulties are in store for you. I feel proud of you and it is for a great honor to have a friend like you. Congratulations again and best wish to you! 【答案】1. took后加an 2.written→writing 3.learn→learning 4. which→what 5.pay→paid 6.are→is 7. constantly→constant 8. you→us 9.is后的 for去掉 10.wish→wishes 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。作者写信祝贺朋友参加了普通话演讲比赛并获得一等奖。 【详解】1. 考查冠词。句意：得知你参加了普通话演讲比赛并获得一等奖，我写信祝贺你！take an active part in“积极参与”是固定搭配。故took后加an。 2. 考查时态和语态。句意：得知你参加了普通话演讲比赛并获得一等奖，我写信祝贺你！主语I和write之间是主动关系，且表示正在发生的动作，应用现在进行时的主动语态。故written改为writing。 3. 考查动名词。句意：我一直记得你致力于学习普通话。devote to doing sth.“致力于做某事”，应用learn的动名词形式作介词to的宾语，故learn改为learning。 4. 考查状语从句。句意：无论发生什么事，你都从未放弃。此处引导让步状语从句，表示“无论什么”，应用no matter what。故which改为what。 5. 考查时态。句意：最终取得了回报。根据上文可知，“你”已经获得了一等奖，故“回报”发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故pay改为paid。 6. 考查主谓一致。句意：你的努力，尤其是你的决心，真是令人钦佩。分析句子结构可知，“especially your determination”是插入语，本句主语为work，不可数，故谓语动词用单数形式。故are改为is。 7. 考查形容词。句意：我从你身上学到，即使面临许多困难，我们也应该不断努力实现目标。修饰名词efforts要用形容词constant作定语。故constantly改为constant。 8. 考查代词。句意：我从你那里学到，即使面临许多困难，我们也应该不断努力实现目标。由句意和主语“we”可知，此处表示即使“我们”面临很多困难，应用us作宾语。故you改为us。 9. 考查介词。句意：我为你感到骄傲，能有一个像你这样朋友我感到非常荣幸。it is+n+to do sth.“做某事是……”是固定句型。故is后的for去掉。 10. 考查名词的数。句意：再次祝贺你，并向你致以最美好的祝愿！whish“祝愿”是可数名词，固定表达best wishes to you“向你致以美好的祝愿”。故wish改为wishes。 第二节 书面表达（满分25分） 52. 上周五，你所在的学校举办了一场篮球比赛。请你给校刊“英语角”写一篇短文，介绍此次活动，内容包括： 1. 活动时间、地点； 2.比赛基本情况介绍； 3.你的看法。 注意: 1.词数100词左右； 2.可根据内容要点适当增加细书，以使行文连贯。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: To promote our friendship, release our pressure and cultivate teamwork spirit, a thrilling basketball competition was held last week. During the competition, different classes were divided into pairs to compete against each other. Though every match was exciting, it was the final that left a deep impression on everyone. Both well-prepared, the competitors were ambitious and seemed like aggressive lions. The audiences cheered up with every shot. Soon it came to the match point when everyone caught their breath. Beyond everybody’s expectations, the ball flew across the court, falling through the basket steadily. It was not until the referee blew the whistle to end the game that we realized what had happened. Endless cheers burst out and everyone was clapping hands. In my opinion, the competition was such a breath-taking one that we were all absorbed in it. Not only did we gain laughter and joy, but also we had a better understanding of teamwork spirit. Even though not everyone participated in the competition, we did gain a lot. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给校刊“英语角”写一篇短文，介绍上周五学校举办的一场篮球比赛活动。 【详解】1.词汇积累 比赛：competition → match 屏住呼吸：catch one’s breath → hold one’s breath 在某人看来：in one’s opinion → as far as sb. be concerned 参加：participate in → take part in 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：It was not until the referee blew the whistle to end the game that we realized what had happened. 拓展句：Not until the referee blew the whistle to end the game did we realize what had happened. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Though every match was exciting, it was the final that left a deep impression on everyone.（运用了强调句型“it was+被强调部分+that…”） 【高分句型2】Not only did we gain laughter and joy, but also we had a better understanding of teamwork spirit.（运用了“not only…but also…”连接并列句，以及“not only”位于句首引出的部分倒装句） 1-5 BACAB 6-10 ACBBC 11-15CABCB 16-20AACCB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$