精品解析：江苏省邳州市2024-2025学年高三上学期10月份质量监测英语试题

2024-2025（上）高三十月份质量监测 英语 注意事项 考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求： 1．本试卷共10页，包含听力（共30分）、阅读（共50分）、语言运用（共30分）、写作（共40分）四部分。本次考试满分为150分，考试时间为120分钟。 2．答题前，请您务必将自己的姓名、考试号等用黑色0.5毫米签字笔填写在答题卡上。 3．作答非选择题必须用书写黑色字迹的0.5毫米签字笔写在答题卡上的指定位置，在其它位置作答一律无效。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What traffic rule did the man break this Monday? A．He was speeding. B．He parked his car illegally. C．He didn’t carry his driving license. 2．What does the woman think of the ballet? A．Just so-so. B．Satisfactory. C．Disappointing. 3．What will be included in this letter for certain? A．A festival. B．The woman’s family. C．The man’s daily life. 4．Where are probably the speakers? A．At the platform. B．At the left-luggage office. C．At the security checkpoint. 5．What are the speakers talking about? A．A new market. B．The responsible party. C．An old building. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．When will the girl go to the dentist? A．On July 31st. B．On August 1st. C．On August 30th. 7．How does the girl sound in the end? A．Very regretful. B．Quite embarrassed. C．Slightly relieved. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8．What does the woman ask the boy to do? A．Drink some water. B．Put on his shirt. C．Take care of his object. 9．What is the panda likely to do next? A．Climb a tree. B．Eat bamboo. C．Return to her room. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10．Who is the man? A．Jordan’s coach. B．Jordan’s father. C．Jordan’s friend. 11．Why was Jordan attracted to mountain climbing at first? A．He wanted to build up his body. B．He could relieve stress through it. C．He was influenced by his home environment. 12．What does Jordan decide to focus on next? A．His studies. B．Traveling. C．Mountaineering. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13．Where does the conversation probably take place? A．At home. B．On the phone. C．In the hotel. 14．How will Lucas try to make room in his suitcase? A．By rolling his clothes. B．By using packing cubes. C．By taking out some articles. 15．How long will the speakers stay in Thailand? A．Three days. B．Five days. C．Seven days. 16．What will Sarah do next? A．Go to sleep. B．Check the travel schedule. C．Help Lucas with his packing. 第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17．Why does the speaker mention Switzerland? A．To praise its non-profit organizations. B．To inspire Lebanon’s younger generation. C．To highlight Lebanon’s environmental problems. 18．Who was responsible for the security of the cleanup activity? A．Marcos Hhado. B．Nabil Aouad. C．Sevag Demerdjian. 19．How did the swimmers proceed after getting to Rabbit Island? A．By boat. B．By swimming. C．By helicopter. 20．What did the participants do after the cleanup activity? A．They picked up seashells. B．They made some medals. C．They attended a ceremony. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Honoring Leaders in Innovation Throughout the month of March, Women’s History Month recognizes and honors the achievements of women in the United States. Frances Arnold Frances Arnold pioneered the directed evolution, a foundational technology that applies biotechnology in academic and industrial laboratories to optimize antibodies and other proteins. Arnold’s work has inspired the development of evolution-based approaches and has reached a variety of industries, including medicine, chemicals, consumer products and environmental biotechnology. Sumita Mitra As a chemist at 3M Oral Care in the late 1990s, Sumita Mitra invented the first dental filling material to include nanoparticles, which imitated the beauty of natural teeth and was varied enough to restore teeth in any area of the mouth when compared to existing dental materials. With 100 U. S. patents, Mitra’s inventions have led to a number’ of breakthrough dental technologies. Gertrude Belle Elion Gertrude Belle Elion invented drugs against leukemia, a type cancer of the blood. These drugs include lmuran, which supports kidney transplants from unrelated donors. She was hired by Burroughs-Wellcome in 1944 and was named head of the Department of Experimental Therapy in1967. In 1988, Elion shared the Nobel Prize in Medicine with George Hitchings and Sir James Black. Heather Savage- Erickson Heather Savage-Erickson As an engineering director for Medtronic, Heather Savage-Erickson has been a leader in medical device product development. She has spent her career developing and marketing medical devices, as well as serving as an adviser to SWEnet—an employee resource group at Medtronic that focuses on professional development and networking for women engineers. Savage- Erickson has played a key role in doubling Medtronic’s hiring of women in technical positions in less than 10 years. 1. What do we know about Gertrude Belle Elion? A. She appealed for organ donations. B. She invented anti-leukemia drugs. C. She was head of Burroughs-Wellome. D. She was awarded the Nobel Prize alone. 2. Who advocates women’s technical positions? A. Frances Arnold. B. Sumita Mitra. C. Gertrude Belle Elion. D. Heather Savage-Erickson. 3. What do the four women have in common? A. They are healthcare consultants. B. They are winners of many awards. C. They have made an impact on medicine. D. They have shaped the future of education. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四位在各自领域取得显著成就的美国女性。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Gertrude Belle Elion部分的“Gertrude Belle Elion invented drugs against leukemia, a type cancer of the blood.(Gertrude Belle Elion发明了抗白血病药物，白血病是一种血液癌症。)”可知，我们知道她发明了抗白血病药物。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Savage- Erickson has played a key role in doubling Medtronic’s hiring of women in technical positions in less than 10 years.(Savage-Erickson在不到10年的时间里，使Medtronic雇佣的女性技术人员数量翻倍，发挥了关键作用。)”可知，Heather Savage-Erickson提倡女性技术职位。故选D。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，Frances Arnold在生物技术领域的工作对医学等多个行业产生了影响；Sumita Mitra发明了新型牙科填充材料，对牙科技术产生了影响；Gertrude Belle Elion发明了抗白血病药物，对医学产生了直接影响；Heather Savage-Erickson在医疗器械产品开发方面取得了成就，也对医学产生了影响。因此，她们的共同点是都对医学产生了影响。故选C。 B Born into a poor family in a fishing town in East China’s Fujian Province, Zhang started to make a living at the age of 16 fishing on the open seas, which is where he developed a keen interest in making boats. A fast learner, Zhang was later sent to shipyards in the cities of Quanzhou and Xiamen in Fujian Province, where he received training and became a master of traditional Chinese junks and gained fame because of his consummate skill in the construction of these vessels(船只). Due to the development of the modern shipbuilding industry, the need for large wooden vessels decreased sharply. Zhang then began constructing model ships using his 20 years of shipbuilding skills. “I had feared that the traditional skills would die someday. Fortunately, I met Wang Lianmao, the former curator (馆长) of the Quanzhou Maritime Museum, in 2007,” said Zhang. After their meeting, he started to renovate(翻新) old ships and make model ships for the museum. Invented in the Tang Dynasty (618-907) and widely adopted after the Song Dynasty (960-1279) in Fujian, the watertight-bulkhead technology permits the construction of ocean- going vessels with watertight compartments. If one or two cabins are accidentally damaged in the navigation process, seawater will not flood the other cabins and the vessel will remain afloat. The renovated ancient ships are the historical witnesses of Quanzhou as a maritime hub (航运中心) of the East and Southeast Asia trade network. “Every time I see my works in the museum, I feel excited,” he said, adding that he finds the work meaningful since younger generations can learn from exhibitions of ancient ships that their ancestors had advanced shipbuilding technology at an early stage of development. He is often invited to deliver lectures to university students. “Many of them even came to my workshop to learn about boat making during holidays. As long as I’m alive, I’ll keep passing on the heritage,” Zhang said. 4. What does the underlined word “consummate” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Specific. B. Academic. C. Ordinary. D. Perfect. 5. Why was Zhang determined to make model ships for the museum? A. To pass on the traditional skills. B. To arouse people’s interest in old ships. C. To allow people to appreciate more old ships. D. To respond to the invitation of the former curator. 6. What’s special about the shipbuilding technology mentioned in paragraph 5? A. It can protect vessels against damage B. It can keep vessels afloat after damage. C. It can enlarge the capacity of vessels. D. It can simplify the shipbuilding process. 7. Why does Zhang find his work meaningful? A. It is a witness to the development of the city. B. It is a product of the wisdom of the ancestors. C. It opens access to ancient shipbuilding technology. D. It provides an insight into the work of his workshop. 【答案】4. D 5. A 6. B 7. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。介绍了一位来自福建省的工匠张，他精通传统中式帆船制造技艺，并在现代造船业发展导致木船需求下降后，转向制作船只模型和修复古船，致力于保护和传承这一传统技艺。他的工作对于展示中国古代先进的造船技术，特别是防水隔舱技术，具有重要意义，并且激励了年轻一代去了解这些文化遗产。 【4题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“where he received training and became a master of traditional Chinese junks and gained fame because of his consummate skill in the construction of these vessels.(在那里他接受训练并且成为传统中国帆船的大师，并因其在建造这些船只方面的___技艺而声名鹊起。)”可知，既然成为了大师，并且声名鹊起，那么张在船只建造方面的技艺一定是高超的，选项D“完美的”符合语境。故选D项。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段““I had feared that the traditional skills would die someday. Fortunately, I met Wang Lianmao, the former curator(馆长) of the Quanzhou Maritime Museum, in 2007,” said Zhang. After their meeting, he started to renovate(翻新) old ships and make model ships for the museum.(“我曾担心传统的技艺总有一天会消失。幸运的是，我在2007年遇到了泉州海洋博物馆的前任馆长王连茂，”张说。在他们见面之后，他开始翻修旧船并为博物馆制作模型船。)”可知，张之所以决心为博物馆制作模型船，是为了传承传统技艺。故选A项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“If one or two cabins are accidentally damaged in the navigation process, seawater will not flood the other cabins and the vessel will remain afloat.(如果在一两个舱室在航行过程中意外受损，海水不会涌入其他舱室，船只仍能浮在水面上。)”可知，这种造船技术的特别之处在于它可以在船体受损后仍保持漂浮。故选B项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“adding that he finds the work meaningful since younger generations can learn from exhibitions of ancient ships that their ancestors had advanced shipbuilding technology at an early stage of development.(补充到他认为这项工作很有意义，因为年轻一代可以从古代船只的展览中了解到他们的祖先在发展的早期阶段就拥有先进的造船技术。)”可知，张认为他的工作有意义是因为它让年轻一代有机会了解古代的造船技术，选项C“开启了古代造船技术的大门。”符合语境。故选C项。 C The American Academy of Sleep Medicine recommends that children aged 6 to 12 years of age sleep 9 to 12 hours per night on a regular basis to promote optimal health. Up until now, no studies have examined the permanent impact of sleep shortage on the neurocognitive development of pre-teens. To conduct the study, the researchers examined data that were collected from more than 8,300 children aged 9 to 10 years who were enrolled in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. They examined MRI images, medical records, and surveys completed by the participants and their parents at the time of enrollment and at a two-year follow-up visit at 11 to 12 years of age. “We found that children who had insufficient sleep, less than nine hours per night, at the beginning of the study had less grey matter or smaller volume in certain areas of the brain responsible for attention, memory and inhibition control compared to those with healthy-sleep habits,” said study corresponding author Ze Wang. “These differences persisted after two years, a concerning finding that suggests long-term harm for those who do not get enough sleep.” This is the first finding to demonstrate the potential long- term impact of lack of sleep on neurocognitive development in children. It also provides substantial support for the current sleep recommendations in children. But additional studies are needed to confirm the finding and to see whether any interventions can improve sleep habits and reverse the neurological deficits according to Dr. Wang and his colleagues. The American Academy of Pediatrics encourages parents to help children develop good sleep habits. Their tips include making sufficient sleep a family priority, sticking with a fixed sleep routine, encouraging exercise during the day, limiting screen time and eliminating screens completely an hour before bed. “This is a crucial study finding that points to the importance of doing long-term studies on the developing child’s brain,” said E. Albert Reece. “Sleep can often be overlooked during busy childhood days filled with homework and extracurricular activities. Now we see how detrimental that can be to a child’s development.” 8. Why did the researchers conduct the study? A. To promote optimal mental health for children 6 to 12. B. To examine the long- lasting effect of insufficient sleep. C. To give support for current children sleep recommendations. D. To assess the permanent impact of early neurocognitive development. 9. What might the further study focus on? A. The effectiveness of interventions. B. The consequences of lack of sleep. C. The benefits of enough sleep. D. The solutions to memory loss. 10. What is advised to promote good sleep habits in children? A. A regular sleep schedule. B. Less exposure to homework. C. More physical activities at night. D. A reduction in screen time before bed. 11. What is mainly discussed about the study in the last paragraph? A. Its application. B. Its limitation. C. Its procedure. D. Its significance. 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. A 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，研究发现儿童睡眠不足可能对其大脑发展有长期负面影响，并建议重视孩子的充足睡眠。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段段尾的“Up until now, no studies have examined the permanent impact of sleep shortage on the neurocognitive development of pre-teens.(到目前为止，还没有研究调查睡眠不足对青少年前神经认知发展的永久影响。)”以及第四段段首的“This is the first finding to demonstrate the potential long-term impact of lack of sleep on neurocognitive development in children.(这是第一个证明睡眠不足可能对儿童神经认知发展产生潜在长期影响的研究发现。)”可知，研究的目的是为了考察长期睡眠不足的影响。故选B项。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“But additional studies are needed to confirm the finding and to see whether any interventions can improve sleep habits and reverse the neurological deficits according to Dr. Wang and his colleagues.(但是还需要额外的研究来确认这一发现，并看看是否有任何干预措施可以改善睡眠习惯并逆转神经缺陷。)”可知，进一步的研究可能会集中在干预措施的有效性上。故选A项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Their tips include making sufficient sleep a family priority, sticking with a fixed sleep routine, encouraging exercise during the day, limiting screen time and eliminating screens completely an hour before bed.(他们的建议包括把充足的睡眠作为家庭的首要任务，坚持固定的睡眠习惯，鼓励白天锻炼，限制看屏幕的时间，并在睡前一小时内完全消除看屏幕的时间。)”可知，建议促进儿童良好睡眠习惯的做法包括固定的睡眠时间表和睡前完全消除看屏幕的时间。故选A项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“This is a crucial study finding that points to the importance of doing long-term studies on the developing child’s brain,(这是一个关键的研究发现，指出了对发育中儿童大脑进行长期研究的重要性。)”可知，最后一段主要讨论了该研究的意义。故选D项。 D Good children’s literature is a serious business, serious about beauty and wonder, about sadness and difficulty, and about silliness and joy. Good children’s books, from picture books to 500-page novels, can be seriously hard to write. Mark Haddon published 17 books. His wise and beautiful The Sea of Tranquility took two years and 50 drafts, 50,000 words becoming 500. He has written, “If kids like a picture book, they’re going to read it at least 50 times. Read anything that often and even minor imperfections start to feel like gravel (砾石) in the bed.” But there are concerns about a lazy assumption that creating work with children in mind is easier, and that a writer or artist would approach it with a lesser degree of sincerity than when creating for an adult audience. Since the ascendance (优势地位) of JK Rowling and Philip Pullman, children’s books have increasingly been seen as a quick route to intellectual, and social status, treated as just one more element in a celebrity brand. It isn’t to argue against popularity, which is important in its own right. But a varied, good-quality diet is important too. Yet marketing budgets so often go to those who have ready-made fans. State school libraries sometimes rely on donations, which can be mainly concerned with celebrity authors; in supermarkets, up to 40% of a small offering can be by a handful of celebrity authors. The children’s writer Lauren Child argues that these trends risk fundamental losses. “We are like trees, and the things that happen to us when we’re first growing will affect the roots. This applies to nutrition, and to love and affection, but it also applies to the imagination,” she says. Good children’s literature literally impresses upon a growing brain how the world can be. We must take care not to devalue the seriousness of writing for children, because by doing so we risk devaluing and narrowing childhood too. 12. What does the example of Mark Haddon illustrate? A. Drafting a children’s book is very essential. B. Creating good children’s books is demanding. C. He is a world-class writer of children’s books. D. A good children’s book is worth reading often. 13. What’s a trend in children’s books? A They represent knowledge and wealth. B. Varieties of themes have been created. C. They have seen improvement in quality. D. Celebrity writers dominate the market. 14. What can be inferred from Lauren Child’s words? A. Children’s books often lack variety. B. Children need nutrition and affection. C. Children’s books are vital to their growth. D. Children are often compared to young trees. 15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A Valuing children’s reading B. Return a clean world to children C. Children’s books: Take them seriously D. Children’s books: Make them a top priority 【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。本文强调了优质儿童文学的价值及其创作难度，并指出当前市场中名人作家主导的现象可能影响儿童书籍的整体质量，呼吁重视儿童书籍创作的严谨性和其对孩子成长的重要性。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Good children’s books, from picture books to 500-page novels, can be seriously hard to write.(好的儿童读物，从图画书到500页的小说，都很难写)”可知创作好的儿童读物是很难的，随后作者举了Mark Haddon的例子，提到“His wise and beautiful The Sea of Tranquility took two years and 50 drafts, 50,000 words becoming 500.(他那本智慧而美丽的《宁静之海》花了两年时间和50次草稿，50,000字缩减为500字)”，是想用Mark Haddon的例子说明创作优秀的儿童书籍是一个非常严格且要求高的过程。故选B项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Since the ascendance (优势地位) of JK Rowling and Philip Pullman, children’s books have increasingly been seen as a quick route to intellectual, and social status, treated as just one more element in a celebrity brand.(自从JK罗琳和菲利普·普尔曼占据优势地位以来，儿童读物越来越被视为通往知识和社会地位的捷径，被视为名人品牌的又一个元素)以及第五段中的“State school libraries sometimes rely on donations, which can be mainly concerned with celebrity authors; in supermarkets, up to 40% of a small offering can be by a handful of celebrity authors.(公立学校的图书馆有时依赖捐赠，这主要关注名人作家；在超市里，一小部分书中有高达40%可能是由少数几个名人作家写的)”可知，名人作家主导市场的趋势是现在儿童读物的趋势。故选D项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段中Lauren Child的话“We are like trees, and the things that happen to us when we’re first growing will affect the roots. This applies to nutrition, and to love and affection, but it also applies to the imagination,(我们就像树木，当我们刚开始生长时发生在我们身上的事情会影响我们的根部。这适用于营养，也适用于爱和情感，但也适用于想象力)”以及最后一段的“Good children’s literature literally impresses upon a growing brain how the world can be.(好的儿童文学确实会给成长中的大脑留下世界是怎样的印象)”可知，作为儿童作家，Lauren Child认为儿童书籍对于孩子们的成长至关重要。故选C项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Good children’s literature literally impresses upon a growing brain how the world can be. We must take care not to devalue the seriousness of writing for children, because by doing so we risk devaluing and narrowing childhood too.(优秀的儿童文学作品给正在成长的大脑留下的印象是世界是怎样的。我们必须注意不要贬低为儿童写作的严肃性，因为这样做我们也有贬低和缩小童年的风险)”并结合全文内容，文章强调了优秀儿童文学的重要性以及当前市场存在的问题，呼吁人们认真对待儿童书籍的创作。C项“儿童书籍：认真对待它们”符合题意。故选C项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文， 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Inconsistent Rewards Can Be Motivating Conventional wisdom says that consistency is key to parenting since it enables your child to predict how you’ll react, leading to good behavior. ____16____ And it is very necessary when it comes to discipline. But research suggests that inconsistent gifts and praise can have a greater effect on motivation. While we all like to live in a predictable world, we often respond more strongly to unpredictable rewards. ____17____ What scientists call “intermittent reinforcement” — rewarding behavior on some but not all occasions — makes it harder to know when rewards will show up. ____18____ In that case they’ll keep up the good behavior in the hopes of receiving praise the next time. Besides, uncertain inspiration is challenging, and challenge is motivating. So, for example, athletes stay motivated because of the fact that victory is never assured. ____19____ Think about the appeal of lotteries (彩票). Not knowing whether or not you’ll win a price makes you excited to play. If you approach uncertainty with curiosity, you can experience excitement. So resolving uncertainty is psychologically rewarding. Don’t assume that if kids are always praised for finishing their homework, they’ll be more likely to do it. Do praise kids for a job well done, just not every time. If you praise too much, you will lose their trust. And when you praise them, do remember to pick rewards out of a hat when they complete chores. ____20____ After all, praise and rewards can go a long way in having kids take on their responsibilities. A. Uncertainty can also be exciting. B. An uncertain reward was a better deal. C. There are several reasons why uncertainty is motivating. D. You should very often, but don’t always, praise your child. E The surprise prize might keep everyone motivated to get things done. F. And it’s true that children need some level of predictability in their lives. G. Many people overcame the challenge when assigned an uncertain reward. 【答案】16. F 17. C 18. D 19. A 20. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了不一致的奖励可能会激励人，并说明原因。 【16题详解】 上文“Conventional wisdom says that consistency is key to parenting since it enables your child to predict how you’ll react, leading to good behavior.(传统观点认为，一致性是育儿的关键，因为它使你的孩子能够预测你的反应，从而产生良好的行为)”以及下文“And it is very necessary when it comes to discipline.(在纪律方面，这是非常必要的)”说明在纪律方面，保持一致性对于教育孩子而言是关键的，它使你的孩子能够预测你的反应，从而产生良好的行为，F项中predictability是关键词，F项“的确，孩子们的生活需要一定程度的可预测性。”承上启下，解释保持一致性对孩子很重要的原因，符合题意。故选F。 【17题详解】 上文“But research suggests that inconsistent gifts and praise can have a greater effect on motivation. While we all like to live in a predictable world, we often respond more strongly to unpredictable rewards.(但研究表明，不一致的礼物和赞美会对动机产生更大的影响。虽然我们都喜欢生活在一个可预测的世界里，但我们往往对不可预测的回报反应更强烈)”说明不一致的奖励可能会产生更大的影响，人们往往对不可预测的回报反应更加强烈，C项“不确定性之所以具有激励作用，有几个原因。”说明不确定性具有激励作用，承接上文，并引出下文段落的内容，符合题意。故选C。 【18题详解】 上文“What scientists call “intermittent reinforcement”—rewarding behavior on some but not all occasions— makes it harder to know when rewards will show up.(科学家们所说的“间歇性强化”——在某些情况下但并非所有情况下的奖励行为——使得很难知道奖励何时会出现)”说明在某些情况下应有奖励行为，但奖励并不是固定的，D项“你应该经常赞美你的孩子，但不要总是这样。”承接上文，介绍不给出固定奖励的具体行为，选项中child由下文中they进行指代，引出下文“In that case they’ll keep up the good behavior in the hopes of receiving praise the next time.(在这种情况下，他们会保持良好的行为，希望下次能得到表扬)”，说明在这种情况下，孩子们能保持良好行为，D项符合题意。故选D。 【19题详解】 下文“Think about the appeal of lotteries (彩票). Not knowing whether or not you’ll win a price makes you excited to play. If you approach uncertainty with curiosity, you can experience excitement.(想想彩票的吸引力。不知道你是否会赢得一个价格会让你对比赛感到兴奋。如果你以好奇心对待不确定性，你会体验到兴奋)”举例说明不确定性会使人感觉兴奋，A项中exciting是关键词，A项“不确定性也可能令人兴奋。”引出下文内容，符合题意。故选A。 【20题详解】 上文“Do praise kids for a job well done, just not every time. If you praise too much, you will lose their trust. And when you praise them, do remember to pick rewards out of a hat when they complete chores.(一定要表扬孩子们做得很好，但不是每次都这样。如果你赞美得太多，你会失去他们的信任。当你表扬他们时，一定要记得在他们完成家务时从帽子里挑奖励)”说明要表扬孩子们，但是表扬时，可以让孩子们自己挑选奖励，使得孩子们感受惊喜，E项“惊喜奖可能会让每个人都有动力把事情做好。”承接上文内容，并说明这样做会使得奖励成为惊喜奖，能够产生良好的结果，符合题意。故选E。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Adhara Pérez is only 8 years old. But she’s a literal ____21____ on track to do some amazing things in this world. With a social disorder that makes it hard to ____22____ with others, Adhara was often treated ____23____ by the kids in her school. This treatment had a very ____24____ impact on Adhara’s behavior and it caused her to withdraw from all activities in school and become ____25____. Her mother Nallely Sanchez knew that there was more to what the world saw and believed her daughter to be ____26____. So she began to find a better course of learning for her daughter. When given an IQ test, Adhara scored off the charts. A(n) ____27____ score for a child ranges between 90 and 110 and Adhara’s IQ was 162. Once her high intelligence was ____28____, Adhara’s mother was able to get her on the best education track, and she was ____29____. She finished high school by age 8. She’s currently _____30_____ two degrees online with a goal of eventually attending the University of Arizona. She was also _____31_____ in Forbes Mexico’s 100 Most Powerful Women in Mexico list and Vogue Mexico also reports that Pérez is _____32_____ an innovative smart bracelet (手镯) that is able to monitor the emotions of differently-abled children. Finally, added to her _____33_____ is the title of an author. She wrote about her difficult experiences in a book that encourages others like her or anyone that _____34_____ not to give up. Adhara is indeed a(n) _____35_____ to many, especially to those who are currently facing challenges. 21. A. pioneer B. scholar C. genius D. writer 22. A. debate B. agree C. interact D. stick 23. A. equally B. bitterly C. gently D. humbly 24. A. worthy B. pleasant C. negative D. favorable 25. A. depressed B. astonished C. touched D. satisfied 26. A. memorable B. responsible C. abnormal D. exceptional 27. A. low B. total C. high D. average 28. A. predicted B. identified C. influenced D. managed 29. A. mature B. honest C. optimistic D. excellent 30. A. working on B. looking into C. finding out D. giving out 31. A. dismissed B. featured C. appointed D. compared 32. A. admiring B. valuing C. developing D. purchasing 33. A. achievements B. innovations C. journeys D. fantasies 34. A. assigns B. struggles C. departs D. composes 35. A. educator B. comfort C. witness D. inspiration 【答案】21. C 22. C 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. D 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了患有社交障碍的Adhara Pérez是一名八岁的天才，尽管在学校遭受痛苦的对待，一度抑郁，但通过高智商测试和母亲的支持，她成功完成了高中教育，攻读在线学位，并入选《福布斯》榜单，还开发了一款智能手环，并通过写书激励他人。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但她是一个真正的天才，即将在这个世界上做出一些了不起的事情。A. pioneer先驱；B. scholar学者；C. genius天才；D. writer作家。根据下文“A(n) ____7____ score for a child ranges between 90 and 110 and Adhara’s IQ was 162.”可知，Adhara的智商远高于一般儿童的水平，因此她是一个真正的天才。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Adhara患有社交障碍，很难与他人互动，在学校她经常受到孩子们痛苦的对待。A. debate辩论；B. agree同意；C. interact互动；D. stick坚持。根据上文“With a social disorder”可知，Adhara患有社交障碍，因此她很难与他人互动。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：Adhara患有社交障碍，很难与他人互动，在学校她经常受到孩子们痛苦的对待。A. equally平等地；B. bitterly痛苦地；C. gently温和地；D. humbly谦逊地。根据下文“it caused her to withdraw from all activities in school”可知，在学校的遭遇导致Adhara退出学校的所有活动，因此她是经常受到孩子们痛苦的对待。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种对待对Adhara的行为产生了非常负面的影响，导致她退出学校的所有活动，变得抑郁。A. worthy值得的；B. pleasant令人愉快的；C. negative负面的；D. favorable有利的。根据下文“it caused her to withdraw from all activities in school”可知，在学校的遭遇导致Adhara退出学校的所有活动，因此是产生了非常负面的影响。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种对待对Adhara的行为产生了非常负面的影响，导致她退出学校的所有活动，变得抑郁。A. depressed抑郁的；B. astonished惊讶的；C. touched感动的；D. satisfied满意的。根据上文“it caused her to withdraw from all activities in school”可知，在学校的遭遇导致Adhara退出学校的所有活动，因此她是变得抑郁。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的母亲Nallely Sanchez知道，世界看到的不仅仅是这样，她相信自己的女儿是优秀的。A. memorable难忘的；B. responsible负责的；C. abnormal异常的；D. exceptional优秀的。根据上文叙述的患有社交障碍的Adhara退出学校的所有活动，以及下文“So she began to find a better course of learning for her daughter.”提到母亲开始为女儿寻找更好的学习方法可知，作为母亲的Nallely Sanchez没有质疑自己的女儿，而是相信自己的女儿是优秀的，需要更合适的学习方法。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：孩子的平均得分在90到110之间，Adhara的智商是162。A. low低的；B. total总的；C. high高的；D. average平均的。根据下文“score for a child ranges between 90 and 110 and Adhara’s IQ was 162”可推知，从此是将普通孩子的平均得分和Adhara的得分作比较，突出Adhara智商非常高。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的高智商一被确认，Adhara的母亲就让她走上最好的教育轨道，她非常出色。A. predicted预测；B. identified确认；C. influenced影响；D. managed管理。根据上文“When given an IQ test, Adhara scored off the charts.”可知，Adhara在智商测试中得分很高，她的高智商被确认了。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的高智商一被确认，Adhara的母亲就让她走上最好的教育轨道，她非常出色。A. mature成熟的；B. honest诚实的；C. optimistic乐观的；D. excellent出色的。根据下文“She finished high school by age 8.”可知，Adhara八岁就高中毕业了，因此是非常出色的。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：她目前正在攻读两个在线学位，目标是最终进入亚利桑那大学。A. working on从事；B. looking into调查；C. finding out找出；D. giving out分发。根据下文“two degrees online”可推知，此处是介绍Adhara的学习情况，指她目前正在攻读两个在线学位。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她还入选了墨西哥版的《福布斯》“墨西哥最有影响力的100位女性”榜单，墨西哥版的《Vogue》还报道称，Pérez正在开发一款创新的智能手环，能够监测差异能力儿童的情绪。A. dismissed解雇；B. featured以……为特色；C. appointed任命；D. compared比较。根据下文“in Forbes Mexico’s 100 Most Powerful Women in Mexico list”可推知，此处是介绍Adhara的成就和影响力，指她入选了这个榜单，短语be featured in意为“被特别介绍或展示”。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她还入选了墨西哥版的《福布斯》“墨西哥最有影响力的100位女性”榜单，墨西哥版的《Vogue》还报道称，Pérez正在开发一款创新的智能手环，能够监测差异能力儿童的情绪。A. admiring钦佩；B. valuing重视；C. developing开发；D. purchasing购买。根据本段和下文主要是在介绍Adhara取得的成就，以及下文“an innovative smart bracelet (手镯) that is able to monitor the emotions of differently-abled children”可推知，她是在开发一款创新的智能手环，帮助更多与她相似的儿童。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，她的成就还包括一个作者的头衔。A. achievements成就；B. innovations创新；C. journeys旅程；D. fantasies幻想。根据上一段主要介绍Adhara取得的成就，以及下文“the title of an author”可推知，此处指她的成就还包括作者的头衔。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她把自己的艰难经历写进了一本书，鼓励像她这样的人或任何努力不放弃的人。A. assigns分配；B. struggles努力；C. departs离开；D. composes创作。根据上文“encourages others”可知，这本书是为了发挥鼓励的作用，再结合下文“not to give up”可推知，是为了鼓励任何努力不放弃的人。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Adhara确实鼓舞了许多人，尤其是那些目前正面临挑战的人。A. educator教育者；B. comfort安慰；C. witness目击者；D. inspiration鼓舞人心的人（或事物）。根据上文叙述的Adhara虽然患有社交障碍，但凭借高智商和母亲的支持，在学业上表现出色，获得很多成就，以及“She wrote about her difficult experiences in a book that encourages others like her or anyone that ____14____ not to give up.”可推知，此处指她的确起到了鼓励的作用，鼓舞了许多人。故选D。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Xi’ an, the capital of Shaanxi Province, is one of China’s most historically significant cities. Known as the starting point of the Silk Road, it ____36____ (serve) as the capital for several ancient dynasties in Chinese history, including the Qin, Han, and Tang, ____37____, the city was called Chang’ an. It is also home ____38____ the world-famous Terracotta warriors (兵马俑) created in the Qin Dynasty (221-207 BC). Preserving cultural heritage is key to China’s urban redevelopment agenda, which requires cities to strike a balance between improving urban infrastructures (基础设施) ____39____ protecting time-honored treasures. In early 2022, several ministerial-level Chinese ____40____, (authority) issued a notice on comprehensively strengsthening the protection of historical and cultural heritage (遗产). It asks localities and relevant departments to actively and ____41____ (public) explore innovative transformation and put new vitality into historical and cultural heritage. The Tang-style block in Xi` an ____42____ (prove) to be a successful attempt in this aspect in the past few years, providing visitors an ____43____ (awe) experience through a mix of shopping, dining and other recreational activities. With ____44____ area of 24,000 square meters, the block was named’ after the popular TV series The Longest Day in Chang’ an, thus ____45____ (appeal) to a large number or fans of the drama. 【答案】36. served 37. when 38. to 39. and 40. authorities 41. publicly 42. has proved## has proven 43. awesome 44. an 45. appealing 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了西安这座城市在保留历史遗产的同时，对建筑代化进行了有效的探索。 【36题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：西安作为作为丝绸之路的起点而著名，是中国古代历史上几个朝代的首都，包括秦、汉和唐，那时这个城市被叫做长安。serve as表示“充当、作为”，根据“Qin, Han, and Tang”，可知本句描述的是过去的事，用一般过去时。故填served。 【37题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：西安作为作为丝绸之路的起点而著名，是中国古代历史上几个朝代的首都，包括秦、汉和唐，那时这个城市被叫做长安。分析成分可知，逗号前是主句，空处引导了非限制性定语从句，先行词为Qin, Han, and Tang，引导词指代时间在从句中作状语。故填when。 【38题详解】 考查介词固定搭配。句意：它也是秦朝创造的世界著名的秦始皇兵马俑的所在地。根据句意，本空填入介词to，构成短语“be home to...”含义为“是……的所在地”。故填to。 【39题详解】 考查连词。句意：保护文化遗产是中国城市重建议程的关键，这要求城市在改善城市基础设施和保护历史悠久的宝藏之间取得平衡。结合句意“在改善城市基础设施和保护历史悠久的宝藏之间”可知，本句考查短语between...and...，含义是两者之间。故填and。 【40题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：2022年初，几个部级的中国权威机构发布了一个关于全面加强历史文化遗产保护的通知。所给词“authority”为可数名词，含义是权威机构，several修饰可数名词复数，所以需把authority变成复数。故填authorities。 【41题详解】 考查副词。句意：它要求地方政府和相关部门积极公开地探索创新转化并为历史文化遗产注入新的活力。此处需要用副词作状语来修饰动词explore。故填publicly。 【42题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：在过去几年里，西安的唐风街区在这方面已经证明是一次成功的尝试。根据时间状语“in the past few years”，此处应使用现在完成时，主谓一致，故填has proven/has proved。 【43题详解】 考查形容词。句意：它通过购物、餐饮和其他娱乐活动的混合，为游客提供了一种令人敬畏的体验。本空应为形容词作定语，修饰后面的名词experience，awe的形容词形式为awesome，含义是：令人敬畏的。故填awesome。 【44题详解】 考查冠词。句意：该街区占地2.4万平方米，以热播电视剧《长安最长的一天》命名，因此吸引了大批影迷。area为单数可数名词，前面需填入冠词，由于“area”是一个以元音音素开头的单词，需要使用不定冠词an来修饰，构成短语an area of ，含义为“一片……的区域”。故填an。 【45题详解】 考查现在分词。句意：该街区占地2.4万平方米，以电视剧《长安十二时辰》命名，因此吸引了大量该剧的粉丝。结合句意并分析成分，本处是句子的状语，表示顺其自然的结果状语用现在分词。故填appealing。 第四部分 写作（共两节；满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假如你是李华，某武术协会计划举办一场大型的国际武术表演，正在招聘英语志愿者。请你给武术协会的负责人写封邮件，应征该职位，内容包括： 1．写信目的； 2．应征原因及你的优势； 3．你的期望。 注意： 1．写作词数应为80个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Sir or Madam, I’m Li Hua a student from Guangming Senior High School. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Sir or Madam, I’m Li Hua, a student from Guangming Senior High School. Learning that you’re looking for volunteers that are good at oral English for a coming grand martial arts performance, I’m writing to be one of them. The reason why I’m applying for this position is that I want to help spread this traditional culture. I speak fluent English, so it won’t be a problem for me to communicate with foreigners. Besides, I once volunteered for the International Traditional Wushu Competition held in our city. I’m sure I can perfectly live up to your expectations. And I would be grateful if you could take my application into consideration. Looking forward to your reply! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给某武术协会写邮件，申请大型的国际武术表演的英语志愿者的职位。 【详解】1.词汇积累 口头英语： oral English → spoken English 想要做某事：want to do sth. → feel like doing sth. 此外：besides → what’s more 感激的：grateful → appreciative 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句： Besides, I once volunteered for the International Traditional Wushu Competition held in our city. 拓展句： Besides, I once volunteered for the International Traditional Wushu Competition which was held in our city. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Learning that you’re looking for volunteers that are good at oral English for a coming grand martial arts performance, I’m writing to be one of them. (运用了现在分词作状语，第一个that引导的宾语从句和第二个that引导的限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】 The reason why I’m applying for this position is that I want to help spread this traditional culture. (运用了why引导的限制性定语从句和that引导的表语从句) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Angela was Julia’s big sister. One Christmas, Angela received an amazing gift from their dear grandpa. It was a beautiful necklace, with a small heart on a shining, golden chain. Julia also received a lovely gift from their grandpa and liked it. But deep in her heart, she preferred the one their grandpa gave to Angela. Angela and Grandpa could clearly see how much Julia wanted such a necklace. Thus, Grandpa secretly decided to send Julia that type of necklace the next Christmas. However, he never had the chance to do that. Just several days later, this 86-year-old mar passed away due to a heart attack. The death of the old man made all his family sad, especially the youngest one, Julia, who used to be very close to her grandpa. She only felt better months later. As the days went on, Christmas was approaching. The two girls’ grandma had loved this holiday very much, and he had always given both of them a special surprise on Christmas Day. Since he was gone, the girls would never receive a surprising gift from him. Fearing Julia would be sad on Christmas morning, Angela decided to give Julia a gift to cheer her up. Then, secretly, Angela prepared one. She carefully put the gift inside a beautiful small box and wished Julia would love it. Finally, Christmas came. On Christmas morning, Angela whispered to Julia, “Wakey, wakey, sleepyhead. It’s time for us to open the gifts.” Hearing the words, Julia was immediately awake. It was 7:00 am. Julia thought she would have been awake earlier. After all, it was Christmas morning. Then, the two sisters walked down the hall as quickly and quietly as they could, while their parents were still sleeping peacefully. Julia had been waiting for this day for weeks, marking off the days on her calendar as they passed. She wanted to open her presents. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The two girls finally reached the living room where the gifts were placed. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ With tears in her eyes, Julia carefully took the necklace out of the box. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The two girls finally reached the living room where the gifts were placed. Seeing many packages, Julia’s eyes widened gladly. However, she suddenly felt sad, realizing none was from her dear grandpa. Just then, Angela handed her a package and said kindly, “It’s from me and Grandpa.” Feeling unbelievable, Julia quickly opened the package and found her sister’s favorite necklace, which made her confused. Angela explained, “I guess Grandpa would give you one like this this Christmas.” She stopped, dried her eyes, and continued, “So I thought you might like to have mine.” With tears in her eyes, Julia carefully took the necklace out of the box. She held this shining chain as if it were made of the finest gold in the world. “Let me help you,” Angela said as she offered to put the necklace around Julia’s neck. The small heart felt warm against Julia’s skin. In her mind, she could see Grandpa smiling at her. “Consider this gift our grandpa’s surprise for you,” Angela said. Julia immediately hugged Angela and thanked her repeatedly. When their parents later came, they saw the two sisters holding each other tightly. 【解析】 【导语】文章以人物为线索展开，讲述了Angela和Julia两姐妹的故事。Angela收到了爷爷送的一条美丽项链，Julia虽然也收到了爷爷的礼物，但她更喜欢Angela的那条项链。爷爷注意到Julia的渴望，计划下一年圣诞节送她同样的项链，但不幸在不久后去世。圣诞节临近，奶奶生前很喜欢这个节日，总会给她们惊喜礼物，但今年她们无法再收到。为了不让Julia在圣诞节难过，Angela决定送她一份礼物。圣诞节早晨，Angela叫醒Julia，两人兴奋地准备打开礼物。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段首句内容“两个女孩终于来到了放礼物的客厅。”可知，第一段可描写Julia看到包裹后感到难过，怀念爷爷，Angela代替爷爷给Julia送礼物的过程。 ②由第二段首句内容“Julia眼含热泪，小心翼翼地从盒子里拿出项链。”可知，第二段可描写Julia打开礼物后的感受并对Angela表示感谢，姐妹俩拥抱在一起。 2.续写线索：Angela送给Julia礼物——Julia觉得难以置信——Angela解释原因——Angela帮Julia戴上项链——Julia表示感谢 3.词汇激活 行为类 意识到：realize/be aware of 解释：explain/account for 帮助：help/assist 情绪类 高兴地：gladly/cheerfully 感谢：thank/appreciate 点睛】[高分句型1] Feeling unbelievable, Julia quickly opened the package and found her sister’s favorite necklace, which made her confused.（运用了现在分词作状语，which引导非限制性定语从句） [高分句型2] When their parents later came, they saw the two sisters holding each other tightly.（运用了when引导时间状语从句） 1-5 CBAAB 6-10 BCCAB 11-15 CABCC 16-20 BCAAC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025（上）高三十月份质量监测 英语 注意事项 考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求： 1．本试卷共10页，包含听力（共30分）、阅读（共50分）、语言运用（共30分）、写作（共40分）四部分。本次考试满分为150分，考试时间为120分钟。 2．答题前，请您务必将自己的姓名、考试号等用黑色0.5毫米签字笔填写在答题卡上。 3．作答非选择题必须用书写黑色字迹的0.5毫米签字笔写在答题卡上的指定位置，在其它位置作答一律无效。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What traffic rule did the man break this Monday? A．He was speeding. B．He parked his car illegally. C．He didn’t carry his driving license. 2．What does the woman think of the ballet? A．Just so-so. B．Satisfactory. C．Disappointing. 3．What will be included in this letter for certain? A．A festival. B．The woman’s family. C．The man’s daily life. 4．Where are probably the speakers? A．At the platform. B．At the left-luggage office. C．At the security checkpoint. 5．What are the speakers talking about? A．A new market. B．The responsible party. C．An old building. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．When will the girl go to the dentist? A．On July 31st. B．On August 1st. C．On August 30th. 7．How does the girl sound in the end? A．Very regretful. B．Quite embarrassed. C．Slightly relieved. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8．What does the woman ask the boy to do? A．Drink some water. B．Put on his shirt. C．Take care of his object. 9．What is the panda likely to do next? A．Climb a tree. B．Eat bamboo. C．Return to her room. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10．Who is the man? A．Jordan’s coach. B．Jordan’s father. C．Jordan’s friend. 11．Why was Jordan attracted to mountain climbing at first? A．He wanted to build up his body. B．He could relieve stress through it. C．He was influenced by his home environment. 12．What does Jordan decide to focus on next? A．His studies. B．Traveling. C．Mountaineering. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13．Where does the conversation probably take place? A．At home. B．On the phone. C．In the hotel. 14．How will Lucas try to make room in his suitcase? A．By rolling his clothes. B．By using packing cubes. C．By taking out some articles. 15．How long will the speakers stay in Thailand? A．Three days. B．Five days. C．Seven days. 16．What will Sarah do next? A．Go to sleep B．Check the travel schedule. C．Help Lucas with his packing. 第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17．Why does the speaker mention Switzerland? A．To praise its non-profit organizations. B．To inspire Lebanon’s younger generation. C．To highlight Lebanon’s environmental problems. 18．Who was responsible for the security of the cleanup activity? A．Marcos Hhado. B．Nabil Aouad. C．Sevag Demerdjian. 19．How did the swimmers proceed after getting to Rabbit Island? A．By boat. B．By swimming. C．By helicopter. 20．What did the participants do after the cleanup activity? A．They picked up seashells. B．They made some medals. C．They attended a ceremony. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Honoring Leaders in Innovation Throughout the month of March, Women’s History Month recognizes and honors the achievements of women in the United States. Frances Arnold Frances Arnold pioneered the directed evolution, a foundational technology that applies biotechnology in academic and industrial laboratories to optimize antibodies and other proteins. Arnold’s work has inspired the development of evolution-based approaches and has reached a variety of industries, including medicine, chemicals, consumer products and environmental biotechnology. Sumita Mitra As a chemist at 3M Oral Care in the late 1990s, Sumita Mitra invented the first dental filling material to include nanoparticles, which imitated the beauty of natural teeth and was varied enough to restore teeth in any area of the mouth when compared to existing dental materials. With 100 U. S. patents, Mitra’s inventions have led to a number’ of breakthrough dental technologies. Gertrude Belle Elion Gertrude Belle Elion invented drugs against leukemia, a type cancer of the blood. These drugs include lmuran, which supports kidney transplants from unrelated donors. She was hired by Burroughs-Wellcome in 1944 and was named head of the Department of Experimental Therapy in1967. In 1988, Elion shared the Nobel Prize in Medicine with George Hitchings and Sir James Black. Heather Savage- Erickson Heather Savage-Erickson As an engineering director for Medtronic, Heather Savage-Erickson has been a leader in medical device product development. She has spent her career developing and marketing medical devices, as well as serving as an adviser to SWEnet—an employee resource group at Medtronic that focuses on professional development and networking for women engineers. Savage- Erickson has played a key role in doubling Medtronic’s hiring of women in technical positions in less than 10 years. 1. What do we know about Gertrude Belle Elion? A. She appealed for organ donations. B. She invented anti-leukemia drugs. C. She was head of Burroughs-Wellome. D. She was awarded the Nobel Prize alone. 2. Who advocates women’s technical positions? A. Frances Arnold. B. Sumita Mitra. C. Gertrude Belle Elion. D. Heather Savage-Erickson. 3. What do the four women have in common? A. They are healthcare consultants. B. They are winners of many awards. C. They have made an impact on medicine. D. They have shaped the future of education. B Born into a poor family in a fishing town in East China’s Fujian Province, Zhang started to make a living at the age of 16 fishing on the open seas, which is where he developed a keen interest in making boats. A fast learner, Zhang was later sent to shipyards in the cities of Quanzhou and Xiamen in Fujian Province, where he received training and became a master of traditional Chinese junks and gained fame because of his consummate skill in the construction of these vessels(船只). Due to the development of the modern shipbuilding industry the need for large wooden vessels decreased sharply. Zhang then began constructing model ships using his 20 years of shipbuilding skills. “I had feared that the traditional skills would die someday. Fortunately, I met Wang Lianmao, the former curator (馆长) of the Quanzhou Maritime Museum, in 2007,” said Zhang. After their meeting, he started to renovate(翻新) old ships and make model ships for the museum. Invented in the Tang Dynasty (618-907) and widely adopted after the Song Dynasty (960-1279) in Fujian, the watertight-bulkhead technology permits the construction of ocean- going vessels with watertight compartments. If one or two cabins are accidentally damaged in the navigation process, seawater will not flood the other cabins and the vessel will remain afloat. The renovated ancient ships are the historical witnesses of Quanzhou as a maritime hub (航运中心) of the East and Southeast Asia trade network. “Every time I see my works in the museum, I feel excited,” he said, adding that he finds the work meaningful since younger generations can learn from exhibitions of ancient ships that their ancestors had advanced shipbuilding technology at an early stage of development. He is often invited to deliver lectures to university students. “Many of them even came to my workshop to learn about boat making during holidays. As long as I’m alive, I’ll keep passing on the heritage,” Zhang said. 4. What does the underlined word “consummate” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Specific. B. Academic. C. Ordinary. D. Perfect. 5. Why was Zhang determined to make model ships for the museum? A. To pass on the traditional skills. B. To arouse people’s interest in old ships. C. To allow people to appreciate more old ships. D. To respond to the invitation of the former curator. 6. What’s special about the shipbuilding technology mentioned in paragraph 5? A. It can protect vessels against damage B. It can keep vessels afloat after damage. C. It can enlarge the capacity of vessels. D. It can simplify the shipbuilding process. 7. Why does Zhang find his work meaningful? A. It is a witness to the development of the city. B. It is a product of the wisdom of the ancestors. C. It opens access to ancient shipbuilding technology. D. It provides an insight into the work of his workshop. C The American Academy of Sleep Medicine recommends that children aged 6 to 12 years of age sleep 9 to 12 hours per night on a regular basis to promote optimal health. Up until now, no studies have examined the permanent impact of sleep shortage on the neurocognitive development of pre-teens. To conduct the study, the researchers examined data that were collected from more than 8,300 children aged 9 to 10 years who were enrolled in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. They examined MRI images, medical records, and surveys completed by the participants and their parents at the time of enrollment and at a two-year follow-up visit at 11 to 12 years of age. “We found that children who had insufficient sleep, less than nine hours per night, at the beginning of the study had less grey matter or smaller volume in certain areas of the brain responsible for attention, memory and inhibition control compared to those with healthy-sleep habits,” said study corresponding author Ze Wang. “These differences persisted after two years, a concerning finding that suggests long-term harm for those who do not get enough sleep.” This is the first finding to demonstrate the potential long- term impact of lack of sleep on neurocognitive development in children. It also provides substantial support for the current sleep recommendations in children. But additional studies are needed to confirm the finding and to see whether any interventions can improve sleep habits and reverse the neurological deficits according to Dr. Wang and his colleagues. The American Academy of Pediatrics encourages parents to help children develop good sleep habits. Their tips include making sufficient sleep a family priority, sticking with a fixed sleep routine, encouraging exercise during the day, limiting screen time and eliminating screens completely an hour before bed. “This is a crucial study finding that points to the importance of doing long-term studies on the developing child’s brain,” said E. Albert Reece. “Sleep can often be overlooked during busy childhood days filled with homework and extracurricular activities. Now we see how detrimental that can be to a child’s development.” 8. Why did the researchers conduct the study? A. To promote optimal mental health for children 6 to 12. B. To examine the long- lasting effect of insufficient sleep. C. To give support for current children sleep recommendations. D. To assess the permanent impact of early neurocognitive development. 9. What might the further study focus on? A. The effectiveness of interventions. B. The consequences of lack of sleep. C. The benefits of enough sleep. D. The solutions to memory loss. 10. What is advised to promote good sleep habits in children? A. A regular sleep schedule. B. Less exposure to homework. C. More physical activities at night. D. A reduction in screen time before bed. 11. What is mainly discussed about the study in the last paragraph? A. Its application. B. Its limitation. C. Its procedure. D. Its significance. D Good children’s literature is a serious business, serious about beauty and wonder, about sadness and difficulty, and about silliness and joy. Good children’s books, from picture books to 500-page novels, can be seriously hard to write. Mark Haddon published 17 books. His wise and beautiful The Sea of Tranquility took two years and 50 drafts, 50,000 words becoming 500. He has written, “If kids like a picture book, they’re going to read it at least 50 times. Read anything that often and even minor imperfections start to feel like gravel (砾石) in the bed.” But there are concerns about a lazy assumption that creating work with children in mind is easier, and that a writer or artist would approach it with a lesser degree of sincerity than when creating for an adult audience. Since the ascendance (优势地位) of JK Rowling and Philip Pullman, children’s books have increasingly been seen as a quick route to intellectual, and social status, treated as just one more element in a celebrity brand. It isn’t to argue against popularity, which is important in its own right. But a varied, good-quality diet is important too. Yet marketing budgets so often go to those who have ready-made fans. State school libraries sometimes rely on donations, which can be mainly concerned with celebrity authors; in supermarkets, up to 40% of a small offering can be by a handful of celebrity authors. The children’s writer Lauren Child argues that these trends risk fundamental losses. “We are like trees, and the things that happen to us when we’re first growing will affect the roots. This applies to nutrition, and to love and affection, but it also applies to the imagination,” she says. Good children’s literature literally impresses upon a growing brain how the world can be. We must take care not to devalue the seriousness of writing for children, because by doing so we risk devaluing and narrowing childhood too. 12. What does the example of Mark Haddon illustrate? A. Drafting a children’s book is very essential. B. Creating good children’s books is demanding. C. He is a world-class writer of children’s books. D. A good children’s book is worth reading often. 13. What’s a trend in children’s books? A. They represent knowledge and wealth. B. Varieties of themes have been created. C. They have seen improvement in quality. D. Celebrity writers dominate the market. 14. What can be inferred from Lauren Child’s words? A. Children’s books often lack variety. B. Children need nutrition and affection. C. Children’s books are vital to their growth. D. Children are often compared to young trees. 15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A. Valuing children’s reading B. Return a clean world to children C. Children’s books: Take them seriously D. Children’s books: Make them a top priority 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文， 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Inconsistent Rewards Can Be Motivating Conventional wisdom says that consistency is key to parenting since it enables your child to predict how you’ll react, leading to good behavior. ____16____ And it is very necessary when it comes to discipline. But research suggests that inconsistent gifts and praise can have a greater effect on motivation. While we all like to live in a predictable world, we often respond more strongly to unpredictable rewards. ____17____ What scientists call “intermittent reinforcement” — rewarding behavior on some but not all occasions — makes it harder to know when rewards will show up ____18____ In that case they’ll keep up the good behavior in the hopes of receiving praise the next time. Besides, uncertain inspiration is challenging, and challenge is motivating. So, for example, athletes stay motivated because of the fact that victory is never assured. ____19____ Think about the appeal of lotteries (彩票). Not knowing whether or not you’ll win a price makes you excited to play. If you approach uncertainty with curiosity, you can experience excitement. So resolving uncertainty is psychologically rewarding. Don’t assume that if kids are always praised for finishing their homework, they’ll be more likely to do it. Do praise kids for a job well done, just not every time. If you praise too much, you will lose their trust. And when you praise them, do remember to pick rewards out of a hat when they complete chores. ____20____ After all, praise and rewards can go a long way in having kids take on their responsibilities. A. Uncertainty can also be exciting. B. An uncertain reward was a better deal. C. There are several reasons why uncertainty is motivating. D. You should very often, but don’t always, praise your child. E. The surprise prize might keep everyone motivated to get things done. F. And it’s true that children need some level of predictability in their lives. G. Many people overcame the challenge when assigned an uncertain reward. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Adhara Pérez is only 8 years old. But she’s a literal ____21____ on track to do some amazing things in this world. With a social disorder that makes it hard to ____22____ with others, Adhara was often treated ____23____ by the kids in her school. This treatment had a very ____24____ impact on Adhara’s behavior and it caused her to withdraw from all activities in school and become ____25____. Her mother Nallely Sanchez knew that there was more to what the world saw and believed her daughter to be ____26____. So she began to find a better course of learning for her daughter. When given an IQ test, Adhara scored off the charts. A(n) ____27____ score for a child ranges between 90 and 110 and Adhara’s IQ was 162. Once her high intelligence was ____28____, Adhara’s mother was able to get her on the best education track, and she was ____29____. She finished high school by age 8. She’s currently _____30_____ two degrees online with a goal of eventually attending the University of Arizona. She was also _____31_____ in Forbes Mexico’s 100 Most Powerful Women in Mexico list and Vogue Mexico also reports that Pérez is _____32_____ an innovative smart bracelet (手镯) that is able to monitor the emotions of differently-abled children. Finally, added to her _____33_____ is the title of an author. She wrote about her difficult experiences in a book that encourages others like her or anyone that _____34_____ not to give up. Adhara is indeed a(n) _____35_____ to many, especially to those who are currently facing challenges. 21. A. pioneer B. scholar C. genius D. writer 22. A. debate B. agree C. interact D. stick 23. A. equally B. bitterly C. gently D. humbly 24. A. worthy B. pleasant C. negative D. favorable 25. A. depressed B. astonished C. touched D. satisfied 26. A. memorable B. responsible C. abnormal D. exceptional 27. A. low B. total C. high D. average 28. A. predicted B. identified C. influenced D. managed 29. A. mature B. honest C. optimistic D. excellent 30. A. working on B. looking into C. finding out D. giving out 31. A. dismissed B. featured C. appointed D. compared 32. A. admiring B. valuing C. developing D. purchasing 33. A. achievements B. innovations C. journeys D. fantasies 34. A. assigns B. struggles C. departs D. composes 35. A. educator B. comfort C. witness D. inspiration 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Xi’ an, the capital of Shaanxi Province, is one of China’s most historically significant cities. Known as the starting point of the Silk Road, it ____36____ (serve) as the capital for several ancient dynasties in Chinese history, including the Qin, Han, and Tang, ____37____, the city was called Chang’ an. It is also home ____38____ the world-famous Terracotta warriors (兵马俑) created in the Qin Dynasty (221-207 BC). Preserving cultural heritage is key to China’s urban redevelopment agenda which requires cities to strike a balance between improving urban infrastructures (基础设施) ____39____ protecting time-honored treasures. In early 2022, several ministerial-level Chinese ____40____, (authority) issued a notice on comprehensively strengsthening the protection of historical and cultural heritage (遗产). It asks localities and relevant departments to actively and ____41____ (public) explore innovative transformation and put new vitality into historical and cultural heritage. The Tang-style block in Xi` an ____42____ (prove) to be a successful attempt in this aspect in the past few years, providing visitors an ____43____ (awe) experience through a mix of shopping, dining and other recreational activities. With ____44____ area of 24,000 square meters, the block was named’ after the popular TV series The Longest Day in Chang’ an, thus ____45____ (appeal) to a large number or fans of the drama. 第四部分 写作（共两节；满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假如你是李华，某武术协会计划举办一场大型的国际武术表演，正在招聘英语志愿者。请你给武术协会的负责人写封邮件，应征该职位，内容包括： 1．写信目的； 2．应征原因及你的优势； 3．你的期望。 注意： 1．写作词数应为80个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。 Dear Sir or Madam, I’m Li Hua, a student from Guangming Senior High School. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Angela was Julia’s big sister. One Christmas, Angela received an amazing gift from their dear grandpa. It was a beautiful necklace, with a small heart on a shining, golden chain. Julia also received a lovely gift from their grandpa and liked it. But deep in her heart, she preferred the one their grandpa gave to Angela. Angela and Grandpa could clearly see how much Julia wanted such a necklace. Thus, Grandpa secretly decided to send Julia that type of necklace the next Christmas. However, he never had the chance to do that. Just several days later, this 86-year-old mar passed away due to a heart attack. The death of the old man made all his family sad, especially the youngest one, Julia, who used to be very close to her grandpa. She only felt better months later. As the days went on, Christmas was approaching. The two girls’ grandma had loved this holiday very much, and he had always given both of them a special surprise on Christmas Day. Since he was gone, the girls would never receive a surprising gift from him. Fearing Julia would be sad on Christmas morning, Angela decided to give Julia a gift to cheer her up. Then, secretly, Angela prepared one. She carefully put the gift inside a beautiful small box and wished Julia would love it. Finally, Christmas came. On Christmas morning, Angela whispered to Julia, “Wakey, wakey, sleepyhead. It’s time for us to open the gifts.” Hearing the words, Julia was immediately awake. It was 7:00 am. Julia thought she would have been awake earlier. After all, it was Christmas morning. Then, the two sisters walked down the hall as quickly and quietly as they could, while their parents were still sleeping peacefully. Julia had been waiting for this day for weeks, marking off the days on her calendar as they passed. She wanted to open her presents. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The two girls finally reached the living room where the gifts were placed. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ With tears in her eyes, Julia carefully took the necklace out of the box. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1-5 CBAAB 6-10 BCCAB 11-15 CABCC 16-20 BCAAC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$