Unit 4 Natural Disasters 一轮复习基础题练习-2025届高三英语人教版（2019） 必修第一册

Unit Four Exercise 一．语块记单词 _________ safety measures. _________ relief work. _________ or _________. The _________ team Sue is on has rescued… buildings were _________ and homes were _________ die a natural _________. Smoking _________ health. Smoking __________________ health. put up _________ __________________. A smelly _________ came out of the _________. It seemed _________ the world were coming to an end. In _________, the city lay_________. The rain _________ my holiday. about 75 _________ of the …. were gone. _________ covered the ground like red autumn _________. Medals are made of _________. be _________ / be_________. Elected to_________， he vowed to bring _________ to the city. _________ lines and _________. Knowledge is _________. dig out those (who were) _________ and _________ the dead. _________ deeply / take a deep _________. _________ is only _________ when it begins to hurt. _________to do sth. We must _________ and show the _________ to stay positive. use _________ to understand new words. _________ terrible injuries. … after the _________ _________. _________ food and _________ to the disaster area. _________ sb with sth/supply sth to sb. write a thank-you letter to sb. _________ a super _________. Tangshan started to_________ itself and get back up on its feet. A _________ _________the east coast. _________ … stands at 2498. It is important to stay _________ in an _________ We had no _________ _________. a tsunami _________ into coastlines… huge _________ _________ tourists, … _________ (one’s hand) to sb. I fear an earthquake will _________ here again. A _________ should be around one third the _________of the original text. 防灾安全措施 救灾工作 旱涝灾害(旱灾或洪水) 苏所在的救援队已经营救了… 建筑受损，房屋被毁… 寿终, 得终天年 吸烟影响健康。 吸烟影响健康。 在户外搭建避难所 一股难闻的气体从井壁裂缝中冒出来。 仿佛(好像)世界末日即将来临。 瞬间(在几秒种之内)，那座城市沦为废墟。 这场雨毁(坏)了我的假期。 约百分之七十五的…消失了 砖块像秋天的红叶覆盖着地面。 奖牌由金属制作而成。 震惊；吃惊 当选执政后，他发誓要为城市供电。 电力线和燃气管道 知识就是力量。 将受困人员从废墟中抢救出来，并掩埋死者 深呼吸 让你感到痛的努力才称得上是努力。 努力做某事 我们必须戮力同心，保持积极乐观的心态。 利用上下文来理解新词 遭受严重的伤；因为重伤受苦 火山爆发后，… 给灾区运送(或递送)食物及补给品 供应(或供给)某人某物 写一封感谢信给某人 在超强台风中幸存下来 唐山开始自我复苏并重新站了起来。 一场飓风袭击了东海岸 …的数量高达2498 紧急情况下保持沉着冷静很重要。 当时我们手头没有急救箱。 海啸袭击(碰撞；撞击)了…的海岸线 巨浪卷走了游客，… (扫除；彻底消除) 向某人挥手；向某人招手 我担心地震会再次发生(侵袭这里)。 概要应该是 原文长度的三分之一左右 二．重点单词变形 1．death n．死；死亡→ adj.死的→ adj.致命的→ v．死亡 2．affect vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动→ n．效果；影响→ adj.有效的 → n．喜欢；喜爱；感情 3．shock n．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.(使)震惊→ adj.令人震惊的→ adj.感到震惊的 4．electricity n．电；电能→ adj.电的；用电的→ adj.电子的 5．breathe vi.& vt.呼吸→ n．呼吸→ adj.气喘吁吁的 6．wisdom n．智慧；才智→ adj.明智的→ adj.不明智的 7．suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→ n．受难；苦楚 8．erupt vi.& vt.(火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出→ n．喷发 9．survive vi.生存；存活 vt.幸存；艰难度过→ n．幸存；生还→ n．幸存者； 10．emergency n．突发事件；紧急情况→ adj.紧急的→ vi.浮现；出现 11．deliver vt.& vi.递送；传达 vt.发表→ n．投递；送交 12．length n．长；长度→ adj.长的→ v．(使)变长 三．写出以下重点短语和语块 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1． 　　建立 2． 像往常一样 3． 严重受损；破败不堪 4． 震惊；吃惊 5． 挖掘；发现 6． ……的家园 7． 在户外 8． 在手边； 即将发生 9． 消灭 10． 埋葬死者 11. 　自然灾害 12． 重新站起来 13． 影响某人的决定 14． 搭建一个避难所 15． 切断电力 16． 被困在山谷中 17． 开始自我复苏 18． 不遗余力地帮助你 19. 毁掉了我对幸福的期望 20. 重建更光明的未来 四、用以上的短语填空 1．I think it necessary to have a first aid kit ． 2．Those who have survived the earthquake are now. 3．Their houses were by the flood, so they had to build new ones. 4．Looking at the house which lay in ruins , he called 911 immediately to rescue the injured people who were trapped. 5．It is no wonder that the whole building is now ; it caught so big a fire last night. 6．We are expecting to some important facts from this complex event. 五、用单词的适当形式完成句子 1．________ (suffer) defeat after defeat, he began to lose confidence in himself. 2．Baptiste Dubanchet is biking across Europe, _______(survive) entirely on discarded (丢弃) food. 3．I like getting up early in the morning. You know the morning air is so good to__________(breath). 4．These old people have experienced all kinds of__________(suffer) in their difficult times．. 5．It rained for two weeks on end, completely__________(ruin) our holiday． 6．The ___________ (injure) were sent to the nearest hospital right away after the accident. 7．The big fire caused great damage ___________ the building built last year. 8．__________(trap) in the ruins, the girl still held a positive attitude． 9．The children had great fun _____(slide) down the grassy slope last Sunday. 10．The dustman _____(sweep) up all the fallen leaves on this street yesterday. 11．Thousands of soldiers and rescue workers were sent there to search for the _____(survive). 12．Michael’s new house is like a huge palace，__________ (compare) with his old one. 13．The cleaner was sweeping ________ fallen leaves on the ground when suddenly a car was driven towards him. 14．We moved into a cabin with   ________ (electric) but no running water. 15．If he couldn't find his way out of the forest, there would be little chance of ________ (survive). 16．Do you want to get this book ________ (deliver) to your house or would you prefer to come to the shop for it yourself? 17．The school________we visited yesterday is newly built. 18．The_____ (long) of the article should be about 800 words. 19．The ________ team made countless (无数的) ________ during the earthquake.(rescue) 20．It was with the help of the local guide that the mountain climber ________ (rescue). 21．What left the town in ______（ruin）? 22．One-third of the country ________ (be) covered by trees. 23． A wonderful idea ________ (strike) me suddenly when I was walking on the street. 24．In the past three weeks, we have been burying _______(we) in study because the exam is drawing near. 25．People were ________to know that the little girl was killed in an accident. The ________ news ________ all the people around, which was also a ________to her father who was working abroad.(shock) 26．Jazz is enjoying a ________ (revive). 27．Our government has taken ________ (effect) measures to ban drunken driving. 六．完成句子 1．我从来没有想到你能成功说服他改变主意。(一句多译) It never occurred to me that you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind. （1）It never____________ that you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind. （2）It never____________ that you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind. 2．老师从办公室回来时，他刚把教室打扫完。 He ______ ______ ______ ______ the classroom when the teacher returned from the office. 3．在那期间，尽管疾病让他承受巨大疼痛，他仍专心投入学习。 During that time, he ________ ________ ________ his study ________ ________ ________ great pain caused by his disease. 4．罗伯特领奖时激动得一句话也说不出来。 Robert ________________________________________________ when he took the prize. 5．我不知道他为什么一直看着我，好像认识我似的。 I don't know why he is looking at me ______ ______ ______ ______ me. 七．结合单元主题，使用本单元词汇与句型写一篇 80 词左右的短文 1．2020年10月30日，一场地震袭击了希腊，给这个国家造成巨大破坏。(damage) 2．大约118人死亡，数百人被埋在废墟中。(bury, ruin) 3．幸运的是，政府派遣士兵去救援那些被困的人们。(rescue, trap) 4．尽管地震已经结束，那里的人们仍然遭受着巨大痛苦，因为难以得到干净的水和食物。(come to an end, suffer) ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ $$ Unit Four Exercise 一．语块记单词 disaster safety measures. disaster relief work. drought or flood. The rescue team Sue is on has rescued… buildings were damaged and homes were destroyed die a natural death. Smoking affects health. Smoking has an effect on health. put up shelters in the open air. A smelly gas came out of the well cracks. It seemed as if the world were coming to an end. In seconds, the city lay in ruins. The rain ruined my holiday. about 75 percent of the …. were gone. Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves. Medals are made of metal. be in shock / be shocked. Elected to power, he vowed to bring electricity to the city. power lines and gas pipe. Knowledge is power. dig out those (who were) trapped and bury the dead. breathe deeply / take a deep breath. Effort is only effort when it begins to hurt. make an effort to do sth. We must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive. use context to understand new words. suffer from terrible injuries. … after the volcano erupted. deliver food and supplies to the disaster area. supply sb with sth/supply sth to sb. write a thank-you letter to sb. survive a super typhoon. Tangshan started to revive itself and get back up on its feet. A hurricane struck the east coast. the number of … stands at 2498. It is important to stay calm in an emergency. We had no first aid kit on hand. a tsunami crashed into coastlines… huge waves swept away tourists, … wave (one’s hand) to sb. I fear an earthquake will strike here again. A summary should be around one third the length of the original text. 防灾安全措施 救灾工作 旱涝灾害(旱灾或洪水) 苏所在的救援队已经营救了… 建筑受损，房屋被毁… 寿终, 得终天年 吸烟影响健康。 吸烟影响健康。 在户外搭建避难所 一股难闻的气体从井壁裂缝中冒出来。 仿佛(好像)世界末日即将来临。 瞬间(在几秒种之内)，那座城市沦为废墟。 这场雨毁(坏)了我的假期。 约百分之七十五的…消失了 砖块像秋天的红叶覆盖着地面。 奖牌由金属制作而成。 震惊；吃惊 当选执政后，他发誓要为城市供电。 电力线和燃气管道 知识就是力量。 将受困人员从废墟中抢救出来，并掩埋死者 深呼吸 让你感到痛的努力才称得上是努力。 努力做某事 我们必须戮力同心，保持积极乐观的心态。 利用上下文来理解新词 遭受严重的伤；因为重伤受苦 火山爆发后，… 给灾区运送(或递送)食物及补给品 供应(或供给)某人某物 写一封感谢信给某人 在超强台风中幸存下来 唐山开始自我复苏并重新站了起来。 一场飓风袭击了东海岸 …的数量高达2498 紧急情况下保持沉着冷静很重要。 当时我们手头没有急救箱。 海啸袭击(碰撞；撞击)了…的海岸线 巨浪卷走了游客，… (扫除；彻底消除) 向某人挥手；向某人招手 我担心地震会再次发生(侵袭这里)。 概要应该是 原文长度的三分之一左右 二．重点单词变形 1．death n．死；死亡→ dead adj.死的→ deadly adj.致命的→ die v．死亡 2．affect vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动→ effect n．效果；影响→ effective adj.有效的 → affection n．喜欢；喜爱；感情 3．shock n．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.(使)震惊→ shocking adj.令人震惊的→ shocked adj.感到震惊的 4．electricity n．电；电能→ electric adj.电的；用电的→ electronic adj.电子的 5．breathe vi.& vt.呼吸→ breath n．呼吸→ breathless adj.气喘吁吁的 6．wisdom n．智慧；才智→ wise adj.明智的→ unwise adj.不明智的 7．suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→ suffering n．受难；苦楚 8．erupt vi.& vt.(火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出→ eruption n．喷发 9．survive vi.生存；存活 vt.幸存；艰难度过→ survival n．幸存；生还→ survivor n．幸存者； 10．emergency n．突发事件；紧急情况→ emergent adj.紧急的→ emerge vi.浮现；出现 11．deliver vt.& vi.递送；传达 vt.发表→ delivery n．投递；送交 12．length n．长；长度→ long adj.长的→ lengthen v．(使)变长 三．写出以下重点短语和语块 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1．set up　　建立 2．as usual 像往常一样 3．in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪 4．in shock 震惊；吃惊 5．dig out 挖掘；发现 6．a home to ……的家园 7．in the open air 在户外 8．on hand 在手边； 即将发生 9．sweep away 消灭 10．bury the dead 埋葬死者 11. a natural disaster　　　自然灾害 12．get back up on one's feet 重新站起来 13．affect one's decision 影响某人的决定 14．set up a shelter 搭建一个避难所 15．cut off electricity 切断电力 16．be trapped in the valley 被困在山谷中 17．start to revive itself 开始自我复苏 18．spare no effort to help you 不遗余力地帮助你 19.destroy my hopes of happiness 毁掉了我对幸福的期望 20. rebuild for a brighter future 重建更光明的未来 四、用以上的短语填空 1．I think it necessary to have a first aid kit on hand． 2．Those who have survived the earthquake are in the open air now. 3．Their houses were swept away by the flood, so they had to build new ones. 4．Looking at the house which lay in ruins in shock, he called 911 immediately to rescue the injured people who were trapped. 5．It is no wonder that the whole building is now in ruins; it caught so big a fire last night. 6．We are expecting to dig out some important facts from this complex event. 五、用单词的适当形式完成句子 1．_Having suffered_______ (suffer) defeat after defeat, he began to lose confidence in himself. 2．Baptiste Dubanchet is biking across Europe, _surviving______(survive) entirely on discarded (丢弃) food. 3．I like getting up early in the morning. You know the morning air is so good to___breathe__(breath). 4．These old people have experienced all kinds of_sufferings_____(suffer) in their difficult times．. 5．It rained for two weeks on end, completely_ruining_________(ruin) our holiday． 6．The _injured__________ (injure) were sent to the nearest hospital right away after the accident. 7．The big fire caused great damage ___to________ the building built last year. 8．__Trapped________(trap) in the ruins, the girl still held a positive attitude． 9．The children had great fun __sliding___(slide) down the grassy slope last Sunday. 10．The dustman _swept____(sweep) up all the fallen leaves on this street yesterday. 11．Thousands of soldiers and rescue workers were sent there to search for the _survivors___(survive). 12．Michael’s new house is like a huge palace，_compared_____ (compare) with his old one. 13．The cleaner was sweeping ___up_____ fallen leaves on the ground when suddenly a car was driven towards him. 14．We moved into a cabin with   _electricity_______ (electric) but no running water. 15．If he couldn't find his way out of the forest, there would be little chance of _survival___(survive). 16．Do you want to get this book _delivered__ (deliver) to your house or would you prefer to come to the shop for it yourself? 17．The school__that/which____we visited yesterday is newly built. 18．The__length___ (long) of the article should be about 800 words. 19．The __rescue______ team made countless (无数的) __rescues__ during the earthquake.(rescue) 20．It was with the help of the local guide that the mountain climber __was rescued______ (rescue). 21．What left the town in _ruins_____（ruin）? 22．One-third of the country __is______ (be) covered by trees. 23． A wonderful idea ___struck_____ (strike) me suddenly when I was walking on the street. 24．In the past three weeks, we have been burying __ourselves_____(we) in study because the exam is drawing near. 25．People were __shocked______to know that the little girl was killed in an accident. The __shocking______ news __shocked______ all the people around, which was also a __shock______to her father who was working abroad.(shock) 26．Jazz is enjoying a _revival_______ (revive). 27．Our government has taken __effective______ (effect) measures to ban drunken driving. 六．完成句子 1．我从来没有想到你能成功说服他改变主意。(一句多译) It never occurred to me that you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind. （1）It never__struck me    ___ that you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind. （2）It never__ hit me____ that you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind. 2．老师从办公室回来时，他刚把教室打扫完。 He had     just     finished     sweeping the classroom when the teacher returned from the office. 3．在那期间，尽管疾病让他承受巨大疼痛，他仍专心投入学习。 During that time, he _was     absorbed     in     his study when     suffering     from great pain caused by his disease. 4．罗伯特领奖时激动得一句话也说不出来。 Robert was too excited to say a word_ when he took the prize. 5．我不知道他为什么一直看着我，好像认识我似的。 I don't know why he is looking at me __ as _ if _he_ knew_ me. 七．结合单元主题，使用本单元词汇与句型写一篇 80 词左右的短文 1．2020年10月30日，一场地震袭击了希腊，给这个国家造成巨大破坏。(damage) 2．大约118人死亡，数百人被埋在废墟中。(bury, ruin) 3．幸运的是，政府派遣士兵去救援那些被困的人们。(rescue, trap) 4．尽管地震已经结束，那里的人们仍然遭受着巨大痛苦，因为难以得到干净的水和食物。(come to an end, suffer) On 30th October, 2020, an earthquake struck Greek, which caused great damage to the country. About 118 natives were killed and hundreds of people were buried in the ruins. Fortunately, the government sent soldiers to rescue those trapped. Although the quake came to an end, people there still suffered a lot, because clean water and food were hard to get. $$