精品解析：安徽省芜湖市第一中学2024-2025学年高二上学期10月第一次月考英语试卷

芜湖一中2023级高二年级10月份教学质量诊断测试 英语试卷 第一部分 听力 （共20小题，满分30分） 第一节 （共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What does the man suggest the woman do? A．Search the canteen. B．Buy a new textbook. C．Put up a notice. 2．Where does the man want to go? A．Beech Street. B．East Main. C．Linden Avenue. 3．How much time does the woman’s watch gain? A．Ten minutes. B．Five minutes. C．Fifteen minutes. 4．Who is the man probably? A．A policeman. B．A gas station clerk. C．A driving coach. 5．What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．The nice weather. B．The strong wind. C．The beautiful leaves. 第二节 （共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6、7题。 6．Where does the woman’s brother work? A．At the police station. B．In a small store. C．In a college. 7．How is the woman’s relationship with her parents? A．Terrible. B．Just so- so. C．Good. 听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。 8．Which team does the man support? A．The Reds. B．The Cubs. C．The Mets. 9．What does the woman say about the Cubs? A．They have a new base runner. B．They have a great record this year. C．They won every game this season. 听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。 10．How old is the woman? A．25 years old. B．60 years old. C．70 years old. 11．What kind of shops does the woman never visit? A．Big chain stores. B．Small shops. C．Independent shops. 12．What is the woman’s opinion about fashions? A．They never repeat. B．Jeans are the most fashionable. C．Some of them may return years later. 听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。 13．What will the presentation start with? A．The functions of clouds. B．The formation of clouds. C．The different types of clouds. 14．Why does the man suggest having small cards? A．To organize all the research. B．To remind him of what to say. C To make the presentation interesting. 15．What will the man do? A．Prepare the cards. B．Make the presentation slides. C．Look for pictures of clouds online. 16．What section will the woman talk about? A．The introduction. B．The low- level clouds. C．The medium- level clouds. 听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。 17．What do we know about the Climbing Center? A．It was started in 1952 by a mountaineer. B．It runs courses from March to November. C．It doesn’t provide accommodation in winter. 18．What does the speaker think of the price of the four- day course? A．Low. B．Reasonable. C．High. 19．What did the speaker learn to do on the second day? A．Predict the weather. B．Read a map. C．Set up a tent. 20．What can people enjoy in the evenings at the Center? A．Seeing films. B．Reading books. C．Playing table tennis. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A What’s Happening at Cheshire Library in September Movie Matinees Are Back! September l , 1:00pm: The Polar Express (2004) September 7, 1:00pm: The Darjeeling Limited (2007) We’re bringing our Movie Matinees back, and this month there’s trouble on a train! This is a drop-in program, no registration required. Come by for a movie on the big screen! Art Journaling with Megan Jeffery September 8, 6:30-8:00pm Learn how you can get started in documenting your life with art journaling in this engaging workshop led by illustrator Megan Jeffery. Participants will create their own joumaling cards using a variety of supplies. Space is limited, so registration is required. The Humane Gardener: Nancy Lawson (Online) September 15, 6:30-8:00pm Join author Nancy Lawson as our special guest speaker in an online presentation related to her book The Humane Gardener: Nurturing a Backyard Habitat for Wildlife, which explains the importance of coexisting with the local wildlife. Registration required to receive a Zoom link one hour before the start of the program. Preschool Storytime (Ages 3-5) September 20, 10:00-10:45am A program for preschoolers to learn through talking, singing, reading, writing, and playing! For children ages 3-5 and their caregivers. Registration: Cheshire residents may register beginning on September 6. Non-residents may register starting on September 13. 1. What is special about the movie-watching program? A. It is held on a train. B. It is an online program. C. It includes hands-on activities. D. It requires no advance registration. 2. What should participants do before joining the presentation by Nancy Lawson? A. Click a Zoom link. B. Read her latest book. C. Bring their own art supplies. D. Submit an art journaling card. 3. Who are most likely interested in the Sept. 20 program? A. Movie lovers. B. Gardeners. C. Preschoolers’ parents. D. Artists. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是应用文。文章介绍了Cheshire图书馆举办的四个活动。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Movie Matinees Are Back!部分中“This is a drop-in program, no registration required.(这是一个临时项目，不需要注册)”可知，这是一个无需预约、无需注册的活动。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据The Humane Gardener: Nancy Lawson (Online)部分中“Registration required to receive a Zoom link one hour before the start of the program.(注册后需要在节目开始前一小时收到Zoom链接)”可知，在参加Nancy Lawson的演讲之前，参与者应该单击Zoom链接。故选A。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据Preschool Storytime (Ages 3-5)部分中“September 20”及“A program for preschoolers to learn through talking, singing, reading, writing, and playing! For children ages 3-5 and their caregivers.(一个让学龄前儿童通过说话、唱歌、阅读、写作和玩耍来学习的项目！适用于3-5岁儿童及其看护人)”可知，9月20日是一个给学龄前儿童准备的活动，他们的父母应该对这个活动最感兴趣。故选C。 B My family and I had set out on a day trip from Shillong to Cherrapunji, a town known for being one of the wettest places on Earth. However, after we had been stuck in traffic for more than four hours, one of my sisters proposed going back to the city as a last attempt to save whatever remained of the day. A quick online search revealed other must-visit spots around Shillong. Most were familiar, but one caught our attention — Nartiang with its mysterious monoliths (独石碑). The photo showed tall stones piled together in a strange formation, appealing to us to explore further despite the lack of details provided. That is how I found myself standing in the shadow of the huge monoliths of Nartiang, which is home to the thickest and largest collection in the region. Curious to uncover their history, I approached Maryo Symblai, a village elder I met later that day, who told me the story of the monoliths that has been orally passed down over generations. She said, “Back in the day, Nartiang didn’t have a bazaar (集市) and the nearest one was at Raliang. On one such bazaar, a giant named Mar Phalyngki was caught in heavy rain on his way back. He requested to borrow an umbrella from the Raliang chief’s youngest daughter, but she wanted to test his legendary strength instead. ‘Why don’t you go lift that huge stone in the bazaar and use it as an umbrella?’ she said dismissively. Emboldened by her challenge, he just did that, but before reaching Nartiang, he placed it in a forest when the rain had stopped.” “There is a certain overlap of ancient story and memory in the case of the Nartiang monoliths. The locals’ account of how the place came to be is based on ancient stories or folk customs. But they also remember it because it served their ancestors as a weekly marketplace, a memorial, and a place for political gatherings. That is how oral history works. It mixes fact and fiction into collective memory”, said Dr Reeju Ray, a local writer. Today, even though the traditional customs and more confirmed historical accounts offer some insight into the site, the mystery (奥秘) of the stone giants lasts. 4. Why did the author and his family come to visit the monoliths of Nartiang? A. It was in their original trip plan. B. They had to choose it as an alternative. C. It was the only remaining place to visit. D. An elder village r gave them the suggestion. 5. Which does the underlined word “Emboldened” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Threatened. B. Moved. C. Stimulated. D. Frightened. 6. Why are Dr. Reeju Ray’s words mentioned? A. To info rm what the monoliths served as. B. To illustrate how the mysterious story came into being. C. To introduce the feature of Nartiang monoliths. D. To deny the overlap of ancient story and memory. 7. What is the best title for the text? A. A Trip to the Monoliths. B. The Mystery of Shillong. C. The Formation of the Monoliths. D. A Disappointing Travel Experience. 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. B 7. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者探索Nartiang巨石的故事。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第一段“My family and I had set out on a day trip from Shillong to Cherrapunji, a town known for being one of the wettest places on Earth. However, after we had been stuck in traffic for more than four hours, one of my sisters proposed going back to the city as a last attempt to save whatever remained of the day. A quick online search revealed other must-visit spots around Shillong. Most were familiar, but one caught our attention—Nartiang with its mysterious monoliths(独石碑). (我和家人从Shillong出发前往Cherrapunji，这是一个以地球上最潮湿的地方之一而闻名的小镇。然而，在我们被困在交通中四个多小时后，我的一个姐姐提议回到城市，作为最后一次尝试，以挽救当天剩下的一切。一个快速的在线搜索显示，Shillong周围还有其他必去景点。大多数人都很熟悉，但有一个引起了我们的注意——Nartiang及其神秘的巨石。)”可知，作者因为交通被困，所以改变原来旅游路线，不得已选择参观Nartiang及其神秘的巨石。故选B项。 【5题详解】 词句猜测题。由文章第二段“He requested to borrow an umbrella from the Raliang chief’s youngest daughter, but she wanted to test his legendary strength instead. ‘Why don’t you go lift that huge stone in the bazaar and use it as an umbrella?’ she said dismissively. Emboldened by her challenge, he just did that, but before reaching Nartiang, he placed it in a forest when the rain had stopped.(他要求向拉良首领的小女儿借把伞，但她想试试他传奇般的力量你为什么不去集市上搬那块巨石当伞用呢？”她轻蔑地说。在她的挑战的 下，他就这么做了，但在到达Nartiang之前，雨停了，他把它放在了森林里。)”可推测，这里指在女孩的话语的“刺激”下，巨人搬了石头。所以猜测Emboldened表“被刺激”。故选C项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第三段“There is a certain overlap of ancient story and memory in the case of the Nartiang monoliths. The locals’ account of how the place came to be is based on ancient stories or folk customs. But they also remember it because it served their ancestors as a weekly marketplace, a memorial, and a place for political gatherings. That is how oral history works. It mixes fact and fiction into collective memory(在Nartiang巨石的案例中，古代故事和记忆有一定的重叠。当地人对这个地方是如何形成的描述是基于古代故事或民俗。但他们也记得它，因为它是他们祖先每周的集市、纪念碑和政治集会的场所。口述历史就是这样运作的。它将事实和虚构混合到集体记忆中)”可知，文中提到了Dr. Reeju Ray的话是为了说明这个神秘的故事是如何产生的。故选B项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。由文章第一段“A quick online search revealed other must-visit spots around Shillong. Most were familiar, but one caught our attention—Nartiang with its mysterious monoliths(独石碑). The photo showed tall stones piled together in a strange formation, appealing to us to explore further despite the lack of details provided.(一个快速的在线搜索显示，Shillong周围还有其他必去景点。大多数人都很熟悉，但有一个引起了我们的注意——Nartiang及其神秘的巨石。照片显示，高高的石头以一种奇怪的形式堆积在一起，尽管缺乏细节，但仍呼吁我们进一步探索。)”以及下文可知，文章主要讲作者探索Nartiang巨石的故事，所以A项A Trip to the Monoliths(巨石之旅)作为文章标题，与本文主题相符合。故选A项。 C As one of the most momentous languages in the world, Latin had humble beginnings. It originated along the Tiber River in Italy and only a handful of people spoke the language. Over time, Latin became more distinguished as Romans procured political power. Many famous literary texts and scientific classifications were written in Latin. Even though knowing Latin indicated a person was educated, according to Britannica, in the 20th century far fewer people learned Latin”, leading it to be classified as a "dead” language. There are around 7, 000 living languages in the world, but, according to Britannica, “more than half are at risk of dying out by the end of the 21st century”. Civilizations evolve over time and so do languages. More often than not, a language dies because everyone who speaks the language dies. For example, Marie Smith Jones, perhaps the last native speaker of the Alaskan Eyak language, died at the age of 89 in 2008, and so did the language. Now, fewer and fewer people speak Latin, which raises public's awareness about its preservation. Actually, there are many other reasons in respect of why Latin should be preserved or taught. “It is a window into an engaging ancient civilization, and studying an ancient civilization teaches us to respect different points of view and unfamiliar cultural practices," says Kathleen Coleman, James Loeb Professor of Harvard University. Since it isn't used in ordinary conversations, there are a lot of difficulties that arise from teaching Latin. Teaching a 'dead' language is distinct from teaching other languages, explains Coleman, “because there are no native speakers to demonstrate us how it sounds or answer questions about the meanings of words or justify idioms. While it's tough, we still can find the answers to our questions from the fragmentary evidence available in written texts.” 8. What can we learn about Latin from Paragraph 1? A. Latin was well-known since its birth. B. Only educated people learned Latin in the past. C. Latin was not favored by scientists and writers. D. All people didn't learn Latin in the 20th century. 9. The author mentions Marie Smith Jones in Paragraph 2 to show. A. Latin is going to be a "dead” language. B. what it really means when a language dies. C. why people should be aware of protecting languages. D. he is the last native speaker of the Alaskan Eyak language. 10. Why should people learn Latin according to Coleman? A. To show unfamiliar practices. B. To respect others' opinions. C. To learn about an ancient society. D To protect a "dead” language. 11. What will the author probably discuss in the paragraph that follows? A. The learning materials. B. The development of Latin. C. The learning methods. D. The difficulties in learning Latin. 【答案】8. D 9. B 10. C 11. A 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了拉丁语的日渐消亡的原因以及被教授或者保护拉丁语所面临的问题。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句Even though knowing Latin indicated a person was educated, according to Britannica, in the 20th century far fewer people learned Latin”, leading it to be classified as a "dead” language.（根据《大英百科全书》，即使懂拉丁语意味着一个人受过教育，但在20世纪学习拉丁语的人要少得多”，导致拉丁语被归类为“消失”语言。）可知，在20世纪，并非所有人都学拉丁语。故选D。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段第四句“For example, Marie Smith Jones, perhaps the last native speaker of the Alaskan Eyak language, died at the age of 89 in 2008, and so did the language. ”（例如，阿拉斯加埃亚克语的最后一位母语使用者玛丽·史密斯·琼斯于2008年去世，享年89岁。埃亚克语也是如此。）可知，文中提到Marie Smith Jones是为了说明第三句“More often than not, a language dies because everyone who speaks the language dies. ”（通常情况下，一种语言的消亡是因为说这种语言的人都死了。）所以作者在第二段提到玛丽·史密斯·琼斯来说明，当一种语言消亡时，它意味着什么。故选B。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“It is a window into an engaging ancient civilization, and studying an ancient civilization teaches us to respect different points of view and unfamiliar cultural practices”（它是一个通向迷人的古代文明的窗口，研究一个古代文明教会我们尊重不同的观点和陌生的文化习俗）可知，人们学习拉丁语是为了了解古代社会。故选C。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“While it's tough, we still can find the answers to our questions from the fragmentary evidence available in written texts.”（虽然很难，但我们仍然可以从书面文本中获得的零碎证据中找到问题的答案。）可知，接下来文章要讨论在书面文本中获得的学习材料。故选A。 D Odors (气味) are complex and often have changeable structures, and can show meaningful information about an animal’s surroundings, like the location of food sources. But it has previously been assumed that mammalian (哺乳动物的) brains can`t fully process these temporal changes in smell because they happen so rapidly, much faster than an animal can smell. Using behavioral experiments, researchers at the Francis Crick Institute and UCL(University College London)found that mice can, in fact, detect very rapid variations within odors, at rates previously not thought possible. They also showed that mice can use this information to distinguish whether odors are coming from the same or different sources, even if they are very close to each other. This suggests that the mammalian olfactory (嗅觉) system is also key in processing the awareness of physical space and surroundings, guiding decisions important to survival. Andreas Schaefer, group leader of the Sensory Circuits and Neurotechnology Laboratory at UCL says: “From an evolutionary (进化的) point of view our findings make sense as they help to explain why there is a lot of computational power within the olfactory bulb, the part of the brain where the nose sends signals to. It’s not only processing chemicals from odors but also calculating information about physical distance and sources. It would have been strange for evolution to create such processing power in this part of the brain if it were not being used to help the species survive.” In one key experiment, the scientists trained mice to detect whether two odors were coming from the same source or separate sources. The mice were able to correctly distinguish this difference. As part of the study, the scientists designed new technologies including a high-speed odor delivery device and equipment that can measure several odors with extremely high precision. These innovations will enable more complicated work on the olfactory bulb, increasing our knowledge of how this brain region processes information about the environment and influences behavior. 12. What has been previously assumed impossible for mammalian brains? A. Sensing fast and small changes in odors. B. Responding to different behaviors properly. C. Spotting relationships among different odors. D. Remembering the exact location of food sources. 13. What do Schaefer’s words imply about the olfactory bulb? A. It sends signals to the nose. B. It changes an animal’s evolution. C. It detects an animal’s surroundings. D. It recognizes different parts of the brain. 14. Why did the scientists create new technologies? A. To investigate the structures of several odors. B. To learn more about how the olfactory bulb works. C. To develop more treatments for the olfactory bulb. D. To explore the impact of the environment on the brain. 15. What does the text mainly tell us? A. Mice might have a unique olfactory system. B. Mammalian brains own computational power. C. Different structures of odors attract different mice. D. Rapid changing smells can teach mice about space. 【答案】12. A 13. C 14. B 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。气味是复杂的，通常具有可变的结构，可以显示动物周围环境的有意义的信息，比如食物来源的位置。但此前人们认为，哺乳动物的大脑无法完全处理这些嗅觉的时间变化，因为它们发生得太快了。研究人员发现，事实上，老鼠可以以以前认为不可能的速度检测到气味的快速变化，还能辨别气味是否来自相同或不同的来源。这表明，哺乳动物的嗅觉系统在处理对物理空间和环境的感知起着关键作用，可以指导对生存至关重要的决策。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Odors (气味) are complex and often have changeable structures, and can show meaningful information about an animal’s surroundings, like the location of food sources. But it has previously been assumed that mammalian (哺乳动物的) brains can`t fully process these temporal changes in smell because they happen so rapidly, much faster than an animal can smell.”（气味很复杂，通常具有可变的结构，可以显示有关动物周围环境的有意义的信息，例如食物来源的位置。但之前人们认为哺乳动物的大脑无法完全处理这些嗅觉的瞬时变化，因为它们发生得非常快，比动物的嗅觉快得多。）可知，气味是复杂的，通常具有可变的结构，可以显示动物周围环境的有意义的信息，比如食物来源的位置。但此前人们认为，哺乳动物的大脑无法完全处理这些嗅觉的时间变化，因为它们发生得太快了。第二段中“Using behavioral experiments, researchers at the Francis Crick Institute and UCL(University College London)found that mice can, in fact, detect very rapid variations within odors, at rates previously not thought possible.”（弗朗西斯克里克研究所和伦敦大学学院的研究人员通过行为实验发现，老鼠实际上可以检测到气味的快速变化，其变化速度是以前认为不可能的。）可知，研究人员发现，事实上，老鼠可以以以前认为不可能的速度检测到气味的快速变化，还能辨别气味是否来自相同或不同的来源。由此可知，此前人们认为哺乳动物的大脑不可能感知气味快速而细微的变化。故选A。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“It’s not only processing chemicals from odors but also calculating information about physical distance and sources. It would have been odd for evolution to create such processing power in this part of the brain if it were not being used to help the species survive.”（它不仅处理气味中的化学物质，还计算有关物理距离和来源的信息。如果不是为了帮助物种生存，大脑的这一部分会进化出如此强大的处理能力，这真是太奇怪了）可知，嗅球不仅从气味中处理化学物质，而且还计算物理距离和来源的信息，并且这些是可以用来帮助物种生存的，由此可推知，谢弗的话暗示了嗅球可以探测动物的周围环境。故选C。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“As part of the study, the scientists designed new technologies including a high-speed odor delivery device and equipment that can measure several odors with extremely high precision. These innovations will enable more complicated work on the olfactory bulb, increasing our knowledge of how this brain region processes information about the environment and influences behavior.”（作为研究的一部分，科学家们设计了新技术，包括高速气味传送装置和可以以极高精度测量多种气味的设备。这些创新将使嗅球研究更加复杂，让我们更了解这个大脑区域如何处理环境信息并影响行为。）可知，科学家们创造新技术是为了进一步了解嗅球的工作原理。故选B。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“Using behavioral experiments, researchers at the Francis Crick Institute and UCL(University College London)found that mice can, in fact, detect very rapid variations within odors, at rates previously not thought possible. They also showed that mice can use this information to distinguish whether odors are coming from the same or different sources, even if they are very close to each other.”（弗朗西斯克里克研究所和伦敦大学学院的研究人员通过行为实验发现，小鼠实际上能够以以前认为不可能的速度检测到气味的快速变化。他们还表明，即使气味彼此非常接近，小鼠也可以利用这些信息区分气味是来自相同来源还是不同来源。）和第三段“This suggests that the mammalian olfactory (嗅觉的) system is also key in processing the awareness of physical space and surroundings, guiding decisions important to survival.”（这表明，哺乳动物的嗅觉系统在处理物理空间和周围环境意识方面也发挥着关键作用，可以指导对生存至关重要的决策。）可知，文章主要讲述了研究表明，快速变化的气味可以让老鼠了解空间知识。故选D。 第二节 （共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How We Talk about Fear Matters Lately, there seems to be plenty to fear in the world. How we talk about what we fear might offer clues to how we perceive that emotion socially and culturally. Get the root of fear. _____16_____. In Anglo Saxon times, “fear” primarily referred to sudden danger. The root of the word dates back to “pēr” from Indo-European about 6,000 years ago. This root suggests that fear developed from a sudden (frightening) experience you passed through. Figure out the emotional meaning of fear. Whether emotions are viewed positively or negatively varies from culture to culture._____17_____ . For instance, in English, the word “anxious” can be used to mean “worried” or “eager”. But the word meaning “anxious” just means “regret” in Dargwa. Therefore, many English speakers may not view anxiety as negatively as Dargwa speakers. Find out a fearful pattern. In looking at such patterns across the major language families, researchers found that the word “fear” was often associated with anxiety, envy and grief in Indo-European languages. But in Austronesian languages, “fear” more often was associated with surprise. _____18_____ . _____19_____ How we talk about fear changes how we react to it. When we talk about what frightens us, it may be useful to disrupt associated meanings. In addition, how our language categorizes an emotion seems to impact whether we perceive those emotions negatively or positively. In conclusion, fear is something that can be changed by cultural and linguistic experience._____20_____ . Perhaps Roosevelt was right when he in famously said “The only thing we have to fear is fear itself.” A. Talk more about fears B. Change our perception of fear C. The word fear has a long history in English D. There seemed a fearful pattern across the major language families E. This is based on what people have learned to associate with emotion words F. It opens the door to potential ways to change how we talk about and react to it G. This makes speakers of the latter languages associate this emotion with a less negative sense 【答案】16. C 17. E 18. G 19. B 20. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了我们应该如何去谈论恐惧。 【16题详解】 下文“In Anglo Saxon times, “fear” primarily referred to sudden danger. The root of the word dates back to “pēr” from Indo-European about 6,000 years ago.(在盎格鲁-撒克逊时代，“恐惧”主要指突然发生的危险。这个词的词根可以追溯到大约6000年前印欧语的“pēr”)”介绍了“恐惧”一词可追溯到约6000年前，是对C项“The word fear has a long history in English(“恐惧”这个词在英语中有很长的历史)”内容的具体说明，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。 【17题详解】 上文“Whether emotions are viewed positively or negatively varies from culture to culture.(对情绪的看法是积极的还是消极的，因文化而异)”指出恐惧的情绪含义因文化而异，下文“For instance, in English, the word “anxious” can be used to mean “worried” or “eager”. But the word meaning “anxious” just means “regret” in Dargwa. Therefore, many English speakers may not view anxiety as negatively as Dargwa speakers.(例如，在英语中，单词“anxious”可以用来表示“担心的”或“急切的”。但是“anxious”这个词在达格瓦语中只是“后悔”的意思。因此，许多说英语的人可能不会像说达瓜语的人那样消极地看待“anxiety”)”用举例的方法说明了一个词汇的情绪含义是积极或消极因文化而异，与人们所习得的情绪相关，是对上文和E项“This is based on what people have learned to associate with emotion words(这是基于人们已经学到的与情感词汇相关的情绪)”内容的举例说明，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。 【18题详解】 上文“In looking at such patterns across the major language families, researchers found that the word “fear” was often associated with anxiety, envy and grief in Indo-European languages. But in Austronesian languages, “fear” more often was associated with surprise.(在研究主要语系的这种模式时，研究人员发现，在印欧语系中，“恐惧”这个词经常与焦虑、嫉妒和悲伤联系在一起。但在南岛语中，“恐惧”更多的是与惊讶联系在一起)”指出，在印欧语系中“恐惧”这个词经常与焦虑、嫉妒和悲伤联系在一起，而在南岛语中，“恐惧”更多的是与惊讶联系在一起，由此可知，对使用南岛语的人来说，“恐惧”一词不会带来太多的消极情绪。G项“This makes speakers of the latter languages associate this emotion with a less negative sense(这使得说后一种语言的人不太会将“恐惧”与消极的感觉联系在一起)”承接上文，表达了同样的意思，句中“the latter”照应上文“in Austronesian languages”。故选G项。 【19题详解】 设空句是段首主题句，根据下文“How we talk about fear changes how we react to it. When we talk about what frightens us, it may be useful to disrupt associated meanings. In addition, how our language categorizes an emotion seems to impact whether we perceive those emotions negatively or positively.(我们谈论恐惧的方式会改变我们对恐惧的反应。当我们谈论让我们害怕的事情时，打破相关的含义可能是有用的。此外，我们的语言如何对情绪进行分类似乎会影响我们对这些情绪的看法是消极的还是积极的)”可知，本段说明我们对恐惧认知会影响我们对恐惧的反应，建议打破其相关含义，改变对恐惧的看法，故“Change our perception of fear(改变我们对恐惧的看法)”是本段内容最佳概括。故选B项。 【20题详解】 上文“In conclusion, fear is something that can be changed by cultural and linguistic experience.(总之，恐惧是可以被文化和语言经验改变的)”总结全文，得出结论：恐惧是可以被文化和语言经验改变的，F项“It opens the door to potential ways to change how we talk about and react to it (它打开了一扇门，让我们有可能改变我们谈论和应对它的方式)”承接上文，说明这一认知的作用：让我们可能改变我们谈论和应对恐惧的方式，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。 第三部分 英语知识运用（共三小节） 第一节 完形填空 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） Last summer, our group of 16 American students reached the elephant conservation camp deep in the jungles of Thailand. We were to give our ___21___ to elephants’ lifelong trainers called mahouts (象夫). By helping them, we’d take out some jobs from their ___22___ schedule. On my first day ___23___ with my elephant Yom, I was asked to wear a strange-looking suit by her mahout. I was also instructed not to ___24___ it in any case so that my personal ___25___ would enter the suit and stay strong. It was remarkable how ___26___ Yom was. After a couple of days, Yom flapped (拍) her ears in ___27___ every time she smelled me coming. She reached out her long trunk and gently ___28___ me from the ground. Her flagging ears acted as a(an) ___29___ always holding my legs against her neck to make sure I didn’t fall off. Every morning I rode Yom to a lake to give her a bath and then to the ___30___ where Yom had her fill of leaves. Next I rode her to her daily activities. In an obstacle (障碍) course, I led her through poles and ___31___ her to bow her head and walk backwards. Yom was exceptionally ___32___! She had had over 48 years of training at the camp! Yom performed these ___33___ in shows for tourists to raise money for her own upkeep. Time flew by! We had to ___34___. Yom sensed it. She pressed her head against mine, tears welling up. How I ___35___ seeing her again! 21. A. service B. company C. estimation D. guidance 22. A. appealing B. reasonable C. tight D. predictable 23. A. playing B. competing C. betting D. working 24. A. mark B. wash C. unfold D. mention 25. A. courage B. smell C. temperature D. virtue 26. A. smart B. picky C. generous D. popular 27 A. sorrow B. curiosity C. excitement D. sympathy 28. A. distanced B. protected C. dropped D. removed 29. A. umbrella B. barrier C. fan D. seatbelt 30. A. playing fields B. sleeping place C. feeding grounds D. shooting site 31. A. directed B. forced C. persuaded D. allowed 32. A. unfortunate B. amazing C. impatient D. cheerful 33. A. tricks B. functions C. roles D. promises 34. A. relieve B. suffer C. part D. weep 35. A. take pride in B. look forward to C. hesitate about D. throw in 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文体裁为记叙文。文章叙述了作者作为一名美国学生，与其他学生一同前往泰国丛林深处的大象保护营，与大象及其训练师——象夫一起工作的经历。文中详细描述了作者与大象Yom之间的互动和情感联系，以及在保护营中的日常生活。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们要向大象的终身训练师——象夫提供我们的服务。A. service服务；B. company陪伴；C. estimation估计；D. guidance指导。根据下文“to elephants’ lifelong trainers called mahouts (象夫). By helping them, we’d take out some jobs from their 2 schedule.”可知，作者到大象保护营地为象夫提供服务。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通过帮助他们，我们将从他们紧张的工作日程中承担一些任务。A. appealing吸引人的；B. reasonable合理的；C. tight紧张的；D. predictable可预测的。根据上文“By helping them, we’d take out some jobs from their”可知，作者去帮忙，是从象夫紧张的日程中抽出一些工作（帮他们分担一部分工作）。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我和我的大象Yom一起工作的第一天，我被她的驯象人要求穿一套看起来很奇怪的衣服。A. playing玩耍；B. competing竞争；C. betting打赌；D. working工作。根据上文“By helping them, we’d take out some jobs from their 2 schedule.”和下文“with my elephant Yom”可知，作者去帮忙，是从象夫紧张的日程中抽出一些工作（帮他们分担一部分工作），作者是在描述自己第一天与大象一起工作的经历。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我还被告知无论如何都不要洗，这样我的个人气味就会进入衣服并保持强烈。A. mark标记；B. wash清洗；C. unfold展开；D. mention提到。根据下文“it in any case so that my personal 5 would enter the suit and stay strong.”可知，象夫告知作者这套衣服不要清洗，以便衣服上有个人气味。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我还被告知无论如何都不要洗，这样我的个人气味就会进入衣服并保持强烈。A. courage勇气；B. smell气味；C. temperature温度；D. virtue美德。根据上文“I was also instructed not to 4 it in any case so that my personal”和下文“would enter the suit and stay strong”可知，象夫告知作者这套衣服不要清洗，是为了保持人的气味，这样个人气味就会进入衣服并保持强烈。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Yom是多么聪明啊。A. smart聪明的；B. picky挑剔的；C. generous大方的；D. popular受欢迎的。根据下文“After a couple of days, Yom flapped (拍) her ears in 7 every time she smelled me coming.”可知，下文描述的Yom的行为，可以看出Yom是非常聪明的。故选A。 27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：几天后，每当闻到我靠近的气息，Yom都会兴奋地拍打耳朵。A. sorrow悲伤；B. curiosity好奇；C. excitement兴奋；D. sympathy同情。根据下文“every time she smelled me coming.”可知，Yom闻到作者的气味就很兴奋。这里描述的是Yom对作者接近的正面反应。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她伸出长长的鼻子轻轻地把我从地上拉起来。A. distanced使疏远；B. protected保护；C. dropped掉落；D. removed移动。根据下文“me from the ground”可知，这里描述的是Yom用鼻子把作者从地上拉起来的动作。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她下垂的耳朵就像安全带一样，总是把我的腿绑在她的脖子上，确保我不会掉下来。A. umbrella雨伞；B. barrier障碍；C. fan风扇；D. seatbelt安全带。根据下文“always holding my legs against her neck to make sure I didn’t fall off.”可知，这里比喻的是Yom的耳朵像安全带一样保护作者。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查名词短语辨析。句意：每天早上，我骑着Yom去湖边给她洗澡，然后去觅食地，Yom在那里吃饱了叶子。A. playing fields运动场；B. sleeping place睡觉的地方；C. feeding grounds喂食区；D. shooting site射击场地。根据下文“where Yom had her fill of leaves”可知，这里是大象进食的地方。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在障碍课程中，我引导她穿过杆子，让她低头并向后走。A. directed指引，引导；B. forced强迫；C. persuaded说服；D. allowed允许。根据下文“her to bow her head and walk backwards”可知，这里是指作者引导Yom完成特定动作。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Yom真是令人惊叹！A. unfortunate不幸的；B. amazing令人惊叹的；C. impatient没有耐心的；D. cheerful愉快的。根据下文“In an obstacle (障碍) course, I led her through poles and 11 her to bow her head and walk backwards. Yom was exceptionally”和下文“She had had over 48 years of training at the camp! Yom performed these 13 in shows for tourists to raise money for her own upkeep.”可知，这里是对Yom表现的正面评价，Yom令人惊叹。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Yom在表演中为游客展示这些技巧，以此为自己的生活费用筹集资金。A. tricks技巧；B. functions功能；C. roles角色；D. promises承诺。根据上文“In an obstacle (障碍) course, I led her through poles and 11 her to bow her head and walk backwards.”可知，这里是指Yom表演的平日训练的具体动作或技巧。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们不得不分别。A. relieve缓解；B. suffer遭受；C. part分开；D. weep哭泣。根据上文“Time flew by!”和下文“Yom sensed it. She pressed her head against mine, tears welling up.”可知，这里是指作者与Yom分开时间到了。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我是多么期待再次见到她！A. take pride in自豪于；B. look forward to期待；C. hesitate about犹豫；D. throw in放弃。根据下文“seeing her again”可知，这里表达了作者对未来再次见到她的期盼。故选B。 第二节 （共10 小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Roujiamo is one of the most popular Chinese snacks. Despite its ___36___(compare) to a hamburger, it carries far more geographical and historical meaning. Roujiamo is closely associated ___37___ the north- central city of Xi’an, in Shaanxi province. Since 202 BCE, Xi’an has been both the eastern terminal of the Silk Road and the capital for 13 more- or- less successive Chinese ___38___(dynasty). Traditionally, roujiamo mainly is made up of two parts — the flatbread and the filling. The meat preparation used to make the filling for roujiamo ___39___ (date) back to the Warring States period. The introduction into China of Central Asian- style flatbreads, like the kind used in roujiamo, in general, is owed to Ban Chao, ___40___ Chinese general who spent over 30 years ___41___ (battle) a union of nomadic (游牧的) tribes to regain control of the farthest western reaches of China. The flatbread bun, called baijimo, takes its name from ___42___ is today known as Beiji township. There exist differences between the flatbreads used for different districts in Shaanxi. For example, the flatbread used for Tongguan roujiamo is unlike that used in the Xi’ an style. Tongguan roujiamo ___43___ (name) after a town that, in days long past, guarded a strategic pass ___44___ (rough) 120km east of Xi’ an. Despite its tasty flavor, it’s risky ___45___ (eat) on the go. Proper roujiamo is filled to bursting, regardless of the potential consequences for one’s clothes and dry- cleaning budget. 【答案】36. comparison      37. with    38. dynasties      39. dates 40. a 41. battling 42. what      43. was named 44. roughly 45. to eat  【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的一种流行小吃——肉夹馍。该小吃与中国西安市紧密相关，并具有丰富的地理和历史背景。 【36题详解】 考查名词。句意：尽管它被比作汉堡包，但它承载着更多的地理和历史意义。设空处使用compare的名词comparison作宾语，意为“比较”。故填comparison。 【37题详解】 考查介词。句意：肉夹馍与陕西省中北部城市西安有着密切的联系。be associated with“与…联系”，为固定搭配。故填with。 【38题详解】 考查名词的复数形式。句意：自公元前202年以来，西安既是丝绸之路的东端，也是中国13个或多或少连续的朝代的首都。设空处使用名词作宾语，dynasty意为“朝代”为可数名词，根据空前的“13 more-or-less successive”可知，此处使用该名词的复数形式。故填dynasties。 【39题详解】 考查时态。句意：用于制作肉夹馍馅料的肉类加工方法可以追溯到战国时期。空处为句子的谓语动词。本句话陈述一般事实，所以用一般现在时态，主语为“The meat preparation”，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填dates。 【40题详解】 考查冠词。句意：一般来说，像肉夹馍这样的中亚风格的面饼传入中国要归功于班超，他花了30多年的时间与游牧部落联盟作战，重新控制了中国最遥远的西部地区。空处泛指“一个中国将军”，且空后为辅音音素开始的单词，所以用不定冠词a表示泛指。故填a。 【41题详解】 考查动名词。句意：一般来说，像肉夹馍这样的中亚风格的面饼传入中国要归功于班超，他花了30多年的时间与游牧部落联盟作战，重新控制了中国最遥远的西部地区。spend…(in) doing sth.“花费……做某事”，空处用动名词作宾语。故填battling。 【42题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：这种被称为“白吉馍”的馒头得名于今天的北集乡。设空处引导的是宾语从句作from的宾语，从句中引导词作主语，表示“……的东西”，所以用连接代词what引导该从句。故填what。 【43题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：潼关肉夹馍得名于一个小镇，在很久以前，它守卫着西安以东约120公里处的一个战略关口。空处为句子的谓语动词。be named after“以…命名”。根据“in days long past”可知，句子为一般过去时态，主语为第三人称单数形式。故填was named。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：潼关肉夹馍得名于一个小镇，在很久以前，它守卫着西安以东约120公里处的一个战略关口。空处需要副词roughly“大概的”，在句中强调这不是一个精确的测量值。故填roughly。 【45题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：尽管味道鲜美，但在路上吃也是有风险的。本题考查固定句型“It is +adj.+to do sth.”，句中的it为形式主语，动词不定式为真正的主语。故填to eat。 第三节 单句填空（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 根据提示填正确形式 （U1～U2 Grammar范围单词）。 46. The association c______ of 55 native cyclists left a deep impression on me. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】consisting##onsisting 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：由55名当地自行车手组成的协会给我留下了深刻的印象。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应用动词consist，与association构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填consisting。 47. The woman makes it p______ that she only wants a beautiful dress. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】plain##lain 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这个女人明确表示她只想要一件漂亮的裙子。根据首字母提示以及句意可知，空处需要形容词plain“清楚的”，构成短语make it plain that“明确表示……”。故填plain。 48. I bet that the company has abandoned plans for further ______ (扩张). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】expansion 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：我打赌公司已经放弃了进一步扩张的计划。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要名词expansion“扩张”，在句中作介词的宾语。故填expansion。 49. There has been a slight increase in the ______ of cheese (消耗). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】consumption 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：奶酪的消耗量略有增长。空处应用名词consumption“消耗”，作介词in的宾语。故填consumption。 50. Internet launches a new campaign which ______ (戏剧性) changes our world and our old ways of life. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】dramatically 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：互联网发起了一场新的活动，该活动戏剧性地改变了我们的世界和旧的生活方式。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用副词dramatically“戏剧性”，修饰动词changes，作状语。故填dramatically。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作 （满分15分） 51. 假如你是李华，在芜湖市举办的高中英语舞台剧大赛中，你所参赛的节目获得冠军，请你写一封邮件把这一消息分享给英国好友Steven，内容包括： 1．你的参赛经历； 2．你的感想和收获。 参考词汇：舞台剧stage play 注意： 1．词数80左右； 2．题目已为你写好，不计入总词数。 Dear Steven, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Steven, I hope this email finds you well. I’m thrilled to share some exciting news with you — I participated in the high school English stage play competition held in Wuhu and our performance won the championship! Preparing for the play was a challenging yet rewarding experience. We devoted countless hours to rehearsals, which honed our acting skills and deepened our understanding of teamwork. Winning the competition was a great honor, and it taught me the value of perseverance and creativity. I can’t wait to tell you more about it when we meet. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国好友Steven写一封邮件，分享在芜湖市举办的高中英语舞台剧大赛中获得冠军的消息。 【详解】1.词汇积累 参加：participate in→take part in 比赛：competition→contest 举办：hold→conduct 毅力：perseverance→willpower 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I’m thrilled to share some exciting news with you — I participated in the high school English stage play competition held in Wuhu and our performance won the championship! 拓展句：I’m thrilled to share some exciting news with you — I participated in the high school English stage play competition which was held in Wuhu and our performance won the championship! 【点睛】【高分句型1】We devoted countless hours to rehearsals, which honed our acting skills and deepened our understanding of teamwork. (运用了which引导的非限定性定语从句) 【高分句型2】I can’t wait to tell you more about it when we meet. (运用了when引导的时间状语从句) 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 After seeing a program on television about a reporter who had hitchhiked (搭顺风车)across America, my ten-year-old daughter, Ashley said, “I wish I could do that!” Ashley was diagnosed with cancer three years earlier. Although she is cancer-free now after surgery, numerous tests and the scary procedure of treatments had made her unwilling to risk outside her known world. So I wanted to encourage that spirit of adventure in her. I began trying to think of a way for her to “hitchhike” across the country without leaving home. That’s how Carmen was born. Carmen is a teddy bear Ashley had received while she was in the hospital. We decided to send Carmen in Ashley’s place. So we purchased a notebook as a travel journal and a bag for Carmen to travel in, together with a letter written by Ashley: My name is Ashley and I am ten years old. This is my bear, Carmen. I got her when I was in the hospital. She wants to go to all fifty states just like the reporter guy on TV who hitchhiked across America. But she can’t walk, so will you please help her? Could you let her ride with you and keep her safe, as well as tell her about yourself so she won’t be lonely? Please write a little about yourself in the journal and then introduce her to someone new. She wants to meet as many new people as she can. I think by about September she will be ready to come home. In her coin purse is $5. 00. Please put her in a box with her journal and send her to Sac City State Bank. Attention: Caretaker of Carmen Bear. If you would like to hear from Carmen after she gets home, please leave your address in her notebook and we will send you a note and let you know when she gets home safely. Thank you for taking care of Carmen, and thank you for taking the time to write in her notebook. Your new friends, Carmen and Ashley 注意: 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 We then took Carmen to our family friend Phil, a highway patrol officer(巡警). ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Then one day in September the long-expected package with Carmen inside finally arrived. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 We then took Carmen to our family friend Phil, a highway patrol officer. He offered to launch Carmen on her journey by taking her on his route for a day. That afternoon, when he stopped a driver who was not using a seatbelt, he urged her to wear the belt. He then introduced Carmen and asked the driver if she would like to take Carmen on the next part of her journey. Naturally, she agreed. That kicked off Carmen’s USA tour. Meanwhile, for Ashley, the following summer was a mix of anxiety and anticipation, as she checked daily for her package, only to be told “Not today,” each time. Then one day in September, the long-expected package with Carmen finally arrived. Eagerly, we opened the box to explore the traces of Carmen’s adventures. There were postcards from the Grand Canyon, a shell from a Florida beach, and a tiny replica of the Statue of Liberty. For us, each souvenir was a snapshot of the kindness and generosity Ashley had encountered through Carmen. The notes in the journal painted a vivid picture of the people who had taken Carmen into their hearts. It was a heartwarming gift that our family treasured, inspiring us as Ashley bravely faced her path to health. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者的女儿阿什莉曾经患有癌症，但是想要去“搭便车”穿越全国，于是作者决定让泰迪熊卡门代替阿什莉。于是他们买了一个笔记本当旅行日志，给卡门买了一个旅行包，还有阿什利写的一封信，朋友菲尔介绍了一位司机，带着泰迪熊开始旅行。最后女儿收到了卡门寄回来的包裹，里面装满了纪念品。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“然后我们把卡门带到我们的家庭朋友菲尔那里，他是一名公路巡警”可知，第一段可描写朋友介绍司机带卡门开始旅行，女儿开始焦急等待。 ②由第二段首句内容“九月的一天，期盼已久的卡门包裹终于到了”可知，第二段可描写包裹里的内容以及作者的感悟。 2.续写线索：朋友带卡门旅行——介绍给司机——卡门美国之旅开始——女儿焦急等待——包裹寄到——作者感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①开始：kick off/start ②询问：ask/inquire ③检查：check/examine 情绪类 ①期待：anticipation/expectation ②善良：kindness/good-deed 【点睛】[高分句型1] He then introduced Carmen and asked the driver if she would like to take Carmen on the next part of her journey. (运用了if引导宾语从句) [高分句型2] Meanwhile, for Ashley, the following summer was a mix of anxiety and anticipation, as she checked daily for her package, only to be told “Not today,” each time. (运用了as引导原因状语从句和不定式作结果状语) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 芜湖一中2023级高二年级10月份教学质量诊断测试 英语试卷 第一部分 听力 （共20小题，满分30分） 第一节 （共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What does the man suggest the woman do? A．Search the canteen. B．Buy a new textbook. C．Put up a notice. 2．Where does the man want to go? A．Beech Street. B．East Main. C．Linden Avenue. 3．How much time does the woman’s watch gain? A．Ten minutes. B．Five minutes. C．Fifteen minutes. 4．Who is the man probably? A．A policeman. B．A gas station clerk. C．A driving coach. 5．What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．The nice weather. B．The strong wind. C．The beautiful leaves. 第二节 （共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6、7题。 6．Where does the woman’s brother work? A．At the police station. B．In a small store. C．In a college. 7．How is the woman’s relationship with her parents? A．Terrible B．Just so- so. C．Good. 听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。 8．Which team does the man support? A．The Reds. B．The Cubs. C．The Mets. 9．What does the woman say about the Cubs? A．They have a new base runner. B．They have a great record this year. C．They won every game this season. 听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。 10．How old is the woman? A．25 years old. B．60 years old. C．70 years old. 11．What kind of shops does the woman never visit? A．Big chain stores. B．Small shops. C．Independent shops. 12．What is the woman’s opinion about fashions? A．They never repeat. B．Jeans are the most fashionable. C．Some of them may return years later 听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。 13．What will the presentation start with? A．The functions of clouds. B．The formation of clouds. C．The different types of clouds. 14．Why does the man suggest having small cards? A．To organize all the research. B．To remind him of what to say. C To make the presentation interesting. 15．What will the man do? A．Prepare the cards. B．Make the presentation slides. C．Look for pictures of clouds online. 16．What section will the woman talk about? A．The introduction. B．The low- level clouds. C．The medium- level clouds. 听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。 17．What do we know about the Climbing Center? A．It was started in 1952 by a mountaineer. B．It runs courses from March to November. C．It doesn’t provide accommodation in winter. 18．What does the speaker think of the price of the four- day course? A．Low. B．Reasonable. C．High. 19．What did the speaker learn to do on the second day? A．Predict the weather. B．Read a map. C．Set up a tent. 20．What can people enjoy in the evenings at the Center? A．Seeing films. B．Reading books. C．Playing table tennis. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A What’s Happening at Cheshire Library in September Movie Matinees Are Back! September l , 1:00pm: The Polar Express (2004) September 7, 1:00pm: The Darjeeling Limited (2007) We’re bringing our Movie Matinees back, and this month there’s trouble on a train! This is a drop-in program, no registration required. Come by for a movie on the big screen! Art Journaling with Megan Jeffery September 8, 6:30-8:00pm Learn how you can get started in documenting your life with art journaling in this engaging workshop led by illustrator Megan Jeffery. Participants will create their own joumaling cards using a variety of supplies. Space is limited, so registration is required. The Humane Gardener: Nancy Lawson (Online) September 15, 6:30-8:00pm Join author Nancy Lawson as our special guest speaker in an online presentation related to her book The Humane Gardener: Nurturing a Backyard Habitat for Wildlife, which explains the importance of coexisting with the local wildlife. Registration required to receive a Zoom link one hour before the start of the program. Preschool Storytime (Ages 3-5) September 20, 10:00-10:45am A program for preschoolers to learn through talking, singing, reading, writing, and playing! For children ages 3-5 and their caregivers. Registration: Cheshire residents may register beginning on September 6. Non-residents may register starting on September 13. 1. What is special about the movie-watching program? A It is held on a train. B. It is an online program. C. It includes hands-on activities. D. It requires no advance registration. 2. What should participants do before joining the presentation by Nancy Lawson? A. Click a Zoom link. B. Read her latest book. C. Bring their own art supplies. D. Submit an art journaling card. 3. Who are most likely interested in the Sept. 20 program? A. Movie lovers. B. Gardeners. C. Preschoolers’ parents. D. Artists. B My family and I had set out on a day trip from Shillong to Cherrapunji, a town known for being one of the wettest places on Earth. However, after we had been stuck in traffic for more than four hours, one of my sisters proposed going back to the city as a last attempt to save whatever remained of the day. A quick online search revealed other must-visit spots around Shillong. Most were familiar, but one caught our attention — Nartiang with its mysterious monoliths (独石碑). The photo showed tall stones piled together in a strange formation, appealing to us to explore further despite the lack of details provided. That is how I found myself standing in the shadow of the huge monoliths of Nartiang, which is home to the thickest and largest collection in the region. Curious to uncover their history, I approached Maryo Symblai, a village elder I met later that day, who told me the story of the monoliths that has been orally passed down over generations. She said, “Back in the day, Nartiang didn’t have a bazaar (集市) and the nearest one was at Raliang. On one such bazaar, a giant named Mar Phalyngki was caught in heavy rain on his way back. He requested to borrow an umbrella from the Raliang chief’s youngest daughter, but she wanted to test his legendary strength instead. ‘Why don’t you go lift that huge stone in the bazaar and use it as an umbrella?’ she said dismissively. Emboldened by her challenge, he just did that, but before reaching Nartiang, he placed it in a forest when the rain had stopped.” “There is a certain overlap of ancient story and memory in the case of the Nartiang monoliths. The locals’ account of how the place came to be is based on ancient stories or folk customs. But they also remember it because it served their ancestors as a weekly marketplace, a memorial, and a place for political gatherings. That is how oral history works. It mixes fact and fiction into collective memory”, said Dr Reeju Ray, a local writer. Today, even though the traditional customs and more confirmed historical accounts offer some insight into the site, the mystery (奥秘) of the stone giants lasts. 4. Why did the author and his family come to visit the monoliths of Nartiang? A. It was in their original trip plan. B. They had to choose it as an alternative. C. It was the only remaining place to visit. D. An elder village r gave them the suggestion. 5. Which does the underlined word “Emboldened” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Threatened. B. Moved. C. Stimulated. D. Frightened. 6. Why are Dr. Reeju Ray’s words mentioned? A. To info rm what the monoliths served as. B. To illustrate how the mysterious story came into being. C. To introduce the feature of Nartiang monoliths. D. To deny the overlap of ancient story and memory. 7. What is the best title for the text? A. A Trip to the Monoliths. B. The Mystery of Shillong. C. The Formation of the Monoliths. D. A Disappointing Travel Experience. C As one of the most momentous languages in the world, Latin had humble beginnings. It originated along the Tiber River in Italy and only a handful of people spoke the language. Over time, Latin became more distinguished as Romans procured political power. Many famous literary texts and scientific classifications were written in Latin. Even though knowing Latin indicated a person was educated, according to Britannica, in the 20th century far fewer people learned Latin”, leading it to be classified as a "dead” language. There are around 7, 000 living languages in the world, but, according to Britannica, “more than half are at risk of dying out by the end of the 21st century”. Civilizations evolve over time and so do languages. More often than not, a language dies because everyone who speaks the language dies. For example, Marie Smith Jones, perhaps the last native speaker of the Alaskan Eyak language, died at the age of 89 in 2008, and so did the language. Now, fewer and fewer people speak Latin, which raises public's awareness about its preservation. Actually, there are many other reasons in respect of why Latin should be preserved or taught. “It is a window into an engaging ancient civilization, and studying an ancient civilization teaches us to respect different points of view and unfamiliar cultural practices," says Kathleen Coleman, James Loeb Professor of Harvard University. Since it isn't used in ordinary conversations, there are a lot of difficulties that arise from teaching Latin. Teaching a 'dead' language is distinct from teaching other languages, explains Coleman, “because there are no native speakers to demonstrate us how it sounds or answer questions about the meanings of words or justify idioms. While it's tough, we still can find the answers to our questions from the fragmentary evidence available in written texts.” 8 What can we learn about Latin from Paragraph 1? A. Latin was well-known since its birth. B. Only educated people learned Latin in the past. C. Latin was not favored by scientists and writers. D. All people didn't learn Latin in the 20th century. 9. The author mentions Marie Smith Jones in Paragraph 2 to show. A. Latin is going to be a "dead” language. B. what it really means when a language dies. C. why people should be aware of protecting languages. D. he is the last native speaker of the Alaskan Eyak language. 10. Why should people learn Latin according to Coleman? A. To show unfamiliar practices. B. To respect others' opinions. C. To learn about an ancient society. D. To protect a "dead” language. 11. What will the author probably discuss in the paragraph that follows? A The learning materials. B. The development of Latin. C. The learning methods. D. The difficulties in learning Latin. D Odors (气味) are complex and often have changeable structures, and can show meaningful information about an animal’s surroundings, like the location of food sources. But it has previously been assumed that mammalian (哺乳动物的) brains can`t fully process these temporal changes in smell because they happen so rapidly, much faster than an animal can smell. Using behavioral experiments, researchers at the Francis Crick Institute and UCL(University College London)found that mice can, in fact, detect very rapid variations within odors, at rates previously not thought possible. They also showed that mice can use this information to distinguish whether odors are coming from the same or different sources, even if they are very close to each other. This suggests that the mammalian olfactory (嗅觉的) system is also key in processing the awareness of physical space and surroundings, guiding decisions important to survival. Andreas Schaefer, group leader of the Sensory Circuits and Neurotechnology Laboratory at UCL says: “From an evolutionary (进化的) point of view our findings make sense as they help to explain why there is a lot of computational power within the olfactory bulb, the part of the brain where the nose sends signals to. It’s not only processing chemicals from odors but also calculating information about physical distance and sources. It would have been strange for evolution to create such processing power in this part of the brain if it were not being used to help the species survive.” In one key experiment, the scientists trained mice to detect whether two odors were coming from the same source or separate sources. The mice were able to correctly distinguish this difference. As part of the study, the scientists designed new technologies including a high-speed odor delivery device and equipment that can measure several odors with extremely high precision. These innovations will enable more complicated work on the olfactory bulb, increasing our knowledge of how this brain region processes information about the environment and influences behavior. 12. What has been previously assumed impossible for mammalian brains? A. Sensing fast and small changes in odors. B. Responding to different behaviors properly. C. Spotting relationships among different odors. D. Remembering the exact location of food sources. 13. What do Schaefer’s words imply about the olfactory bulb? A. It sends signals to the nose. B. It changes an animal’s evolution. C. It detects an animal’s surroundings. D. It recognizes different parts of the brain. 14. Why did the scientists create new technologies? A. To investigate the structures of several odors. B. To learn more about how the olfactory bulb works. C. To develop more treatments for the olfactory bulb. D. To explore the impact of the environment on the brain. 15. What does the text mainly tell us? A. Mice might have a unique olfactory system. B. Mammalian brains own computational power. C. Different structures of odors attract different mice. D. Rapid changing smells can teach mice about space. 第二节 （共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How We Talk about Fear Matters Lately, there seems to be plenty to fear in the world. How we talk about what we fear might offer clues to how we perceive that emotion socially and culturally. Get the root of fear. _____16_____. In Anglo Saxon times, “fear” primarily referred to sudden danger. The root of the word dates back to “pēr” from Indo-European about 6,000 years ago. This root suggests that fear developed from a sudden (frightening) experience you passed through. Figure out the emotional meaning of fear. Whether emotions are viewed positively or negatively varies from culture to culture._____17_____ . For instance, in English, the word “anxious” can be used to mean “worried” or “eager”. But the word meaning “anxious” just means “regret” in Dargwa. Therefore, many English speakers may not view anxiety as negatively as Dargwa speakers. Find out a fearful pattern. In looking at such patterns across the major language families, researchers found that the word “fear” was often associated with anxiety, envy and grief in Indo-European languages. But in Austronesian languages, “fear” more often was associated with surprise. _____18_____ . _____19_____ How we talk about fear changes how we react to it. When we talk about what frightens us, it may be useful to disrupt associated meanings. In addition, how our language categorizes an emotion seems to impact whether we perceive those emotions negatively or positively. In conclusion, fear is something that can be changed by cultural and linguistic experience._____20_____ . Perhaps Roosevelt was right when he in famously said “The only thing we have to fear is fear itself.” A. Talk more about fears B. Change our perception of fear C. The word fear has a long history in English D. There seemed a fearful pattern across the major language families E. This is based on what people have learned to associate with emotion words F. It opens the door to potential ways to change how we talk about and react to it G. This makes speakers of the latter languages associate this emotion with a less negative sense 第三部分 英语知识运用（共三小节） 第一节 完形填空 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） Last summer, our group of 16 American students reached the elephant conservation camp deep in the jungles of Thailand. We were to give our ___21___ to elephants’ lifelong trainers called mahouts (象夫). By helping them, we’d take out some jobs from their ___22___ schedule. On my first day ___23___ with my elephant Yom, I was asked to wear a strange-looking suit by her mahout. I was also instructed not to ___24___ it in any case so that my personal ___25___ would enter the suit and stay strong. It was remarkable how ___26___ Yom was. After a couple of days, Yom flapped (拍) her ears in ___27___ every time she smelled me coming. She reached out her long trunk and gently ___28___ me from the ground. Her flagging ears acted as a(an) ___29___ always holding my legs against her neck to make sure I didn’t fall off. Every morning I rode Yom to a lake to give her a bath and then to the ___30___ where Yom had her fill of leaves. Next I rode her to her daily activities. In an obstacle (障碍) course, I led her through poles and ___31___ her to bow her head and walk backwards. Yom was exceptionally ___32___! She had had over 48 years of training at the camp! Yom performed these ___33___ in shows for tourists to raise money for her own upkeep. Time flew by! We had to ___34___. Yom sensed it. She pressed her head against mine, tears welling up. How I ___35___ seeing her again! 21. A. service B. company C. estimation D. guidance 22. A. appealing B. reasonable C. tight D. predictable 23. A. playing B. competing C. betting D. working 24. A. mark B. wash C. unfold D. mention 25. A. courage B. smell C. temperature D. virtue 26. A. smart B. picky C. generous D. popular 27. A. sorrow B. curiosity C. excitement D. sympathy 28. A. distanced B. protected C. dropped D. removed 29. A. umbrella B. barrier C. fan D. seatbelt 30. A. playing fields B. sleeping place C. feeding grounds D. shooting site 31. A. directed B. forced C. persuaded D. allowed 32. A. unfortunate B. amazing C. impatient D. cheerful 33. A. tricks B. functions C. roles D. promises 34. A. relieve B. suffer C. part D. weep 35. A. take pride in B. look forward to C. hesitate about D. throw in 第二节 （共10 小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Roujiamo is one of the most popular Chinese snacks. Despite its ___36___(compare) to a hamburger, it carries far more geographical and historical meaning. Roujiamo is closely associated ___37___ the north- central city of Xi’an, in Shaanxi province. Since 202 BCE, Xi’an has been both the eastern terminal of the Silk Road and the capital for 13 more- or- less successive Chinese ___38___(dynasty). Traditionally, roujiamo mainly is made up of two parts — the flatbread and the filling. The meat preparation used to make the filling for roujiamo ___39___ (date) back to the Warring States period. The introduction into China of Central Asian- style flatbreads, like the kind used in roujiamo, in general, is owed to Ban Chao, ___40___ Chinese general who spent over 30 years ___41___ (battle) a union of nomadic (游牧的) tribes to regain control of the farthest western reaches of China. The flatbread bun, called baijimo, takes its name from ___42___ is today known as Beiji township. There exist differences between the flatbreads used for different districts in Shaanxi. For example, the flatbread used for Tongguan roujiamo is unlike that used in the Xi’ an style. Tongguan roujiamo ___43___ (name) after a town that, in days long past, guarded a strategic pass ___44___ (rough) 120km east of Xi’ an. Despite its tasty flavor, it’s risky ___45___ (eat) on the go. Proper roujiamo is filled to bursting, regardless of the potential consequences for one’s clothes and dry- cleaning budget. 第三节 单句填空（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 根据提示填正确形式 （U1～U2 Grammar范围单词）。 46. The association c______ of 55 native cyclists left a deep impression on me. (根据首字母单词拼写) 47. The woman makes it p______ that she only wants a beautiful dress. (根据首字母单词拼写) 48. I bet that the company has abandoned plans for further ______ (扩张). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 49. There has been a slight increase in the ______ of cheese (消耗). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 50. Internet launches a new campaign which ______ (戏剧性) changes our world and our old ways of life. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作 （满分15分） 51. 假如你是李华，在芜湖市举办的高中英语舞台剧大赛中，你所参赛的节目获得冠军，请你写一封邮件把这一消息分享给英国好友Steven，内容包括： 1．你的参赛经历； 2．你的感想和收获。 参考词汇：舞台剧stage play 注意： 1．词数80左右； 2．题目已为你写好，不计入总词数。 Dear Steven, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 After seeing a program on television about a reporter who had hitchhiked (搭顺风车)across America, my ten-year-old daughter, Ashley said, “I wish I could do that!” Ashley was diagnosed with cancer three years earlier. Although she is cancer-free now after surgery, numerous tests and the scary procedure of treatments had made her unwilling to risk outside her known world. So I wanted to encourage that spirit of adventure in her. I began trying to think of a way for her to “hitchhike” across the country without leaving home. That’s how Carmen was born. Carmen is a teddy bear Ashley had received while she was in the hospital. We decided to send Carmen in Ashley’s place. So we purchased a notebook as a travel journal and a bag for Carmen to travel in, together with a letter written by Ashley: My name is Ashley and I am ten years old. This is my bear, Carmen. I got her when I was in the hospital. She wants to go to all fifty states just like the reporter guy on TV who hitchhiked across America. But she can’t walk, so will you please help her? Could you let her ride with you and keep her safe, as well as tell her about yourself so she won’t be lonely? Please write a little about yourself in the journal and then introduce her to someone new. She wants to meet as many new people as she can. I think by about September she will be ready to come home. In her coin purse is $5. 00. Please put her in a box with her journal and send her to Sac City State Bank. Attention: Caretaker of Carmen Bear. If you would like to hear from Carmen after she gets home, please leave your address in her notebook and we will send you a note and let you know when she gets home safely. Thank you for taking care of Carmen, and thank you for taking the time to write in her notebook. Your new friends, Carmen and Ashley 注意: 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 We then took Carmen to our family friend Phil, a highway patrol officer(巡警). ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Then one day in September the long-expected package with Carmen inside finally arrived. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$