话题08 环境保护（二）-2025年中考英语时文热点话题题型组合练（全国通用）

中考英语热点话题08 环境保护（二） （完形填空2++阅读理解4+任务型阅读2+阅读还原2+短文填空4+书面表达1） 序号 题型 内容 难度 1 完形填空01 本文为一篇说明文，主要介绍了全球变暖对人们生活和世界的影响。 适中 2 完形填空02 本文主要介绍了Liebling建立了一个公司，不仅仅是回收那些二手玩具，也希望教会人们再次认识到二手玩具的价值。 适中 3 阅读理解A 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了设立了三江源自然保护区以来所发生的变化。 较难 4 阅读理解B 本文主要讲述了光污染对夜空的影响，特别是如何减少光污染以便更好地看到星空。 适中 5 阅读理解C 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了国务院发布的《关于加强生态环境分区管控的意见》的重要内容。 较难 6 阅读理解D 本文主要介绍了人工智能 (AI) 在环境监测和拯救濒危动物方面的应用。 适中 7 任务型阅读01 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了位于云南楚雄的大中山在环境保护方面发生的变化。 适中 8 任务型阅读02 本文介绍了Better Blue社区的志愿者们如何通过各种活动来保护海洋环境。 较难 9 阅读还原01 本文主要介绍了极端的天气对非洲国家带来的影响，人们正在致力于一项名为“绿色长城”的大项目，以阻止沙漠变大。 适中 10 阅读还原02 本文主要介绍了蓑鲉入侵加勒比海并给当地带来生态危机，然而，当地人积极应对，努力将危机转化为生机。 较难 11 语法填空01 本文主要讲述了许多鸟类正在用人类的垃圾筑巢，这一做法有利有弊。 适中 12 语法填空02 本文讲述了家庭产生的垃圾和如何处理废弃物。 适中 13 选词填空 本文介绍了在亚洲举行的首届垃圾收集世界杯。 适中 14 首字母填空 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了“地球一小时”活动及其意义。 适中 15 书面表达 许多城市正在进行创文创卫工作，作为中学生，我们每个人都应该为此尽一份力。请你根据提示写一篇倡议书，呼吁全校同学保护环境。 适中 题型一 完形填空 01（2024·安徽阜阳·一模） What difference does global warming (全球变暖) make to people’s lives? Many people may not know how to 1 the question because they don’t see any direct changes in climate. They mostly live indoors in a city, and their climates are in 2 there. If it rains, they stay inside. If it’s too cold or too hot, they try to change the 3 of the room. However, for farmers and those living closer to the land, the relation between global warming and them is 4 . Although they’re not sure if the changes in weather, bad or good, they can say over time that things are 5 to seem different. They notice that flowers and other plants are growing earlier in northern parts of the world. This causes them to change planting 6 for plants. At the same time, farmers will 7 more natural disasters in the United States, Russia and many other places. The worst thing about global warming is probably that 8 the warming happens, it makes further warming faster. The high temperature is 9 for the natural environment of many places, such as the Arctic. No matter where we live, we must know about global warming and 10 to fight it. If we don’t do this, the future of our planet will be ín danger. 1．A．agree B．answer C．explain D．mention 2．A．risk B．use C．control D．study 3．A．experience B．situation C．temperature D．condition 4．A．stronger B．poorer C．newer D．better 5．A．deciding B．preparing C．expecting D．beginning 6．A．times B．places C．facts D．races 7．A．accept B．believe C．face D．show 8．A．if B．as C．although D．until 9．A．difficult B．bad C．normal D．good 10．A．bring up B．bring out C．take turns D．take action 02（2024·浙江杭州·二模） Charlotte Liebling calls herself a “world watcher. ” That means she watches the 1 around her. Here’s an example: Liebling volunteered in a 2 . It sold secondhand goods (二手商品). Some of these were soft toys. When the toys were sold very 3 , Liebling always felt sad because she could tell that the toys held great value for their owners. After doing some 4 , she realized this wasn’t happening only in her town. Millions of toys 5 in landfills (垃圾场) every year. “If we can change the idea that soft toys lose their 6 once the owners give them away,” she thought, “then we can show people they have so much left in them. ” That’s how the Loved Before  toy-adoption (玩具领养) service 7 . The whole 8 has three steps. First, someone donates a soft toy. People can do so through the mail, or by 9 a toy to a local point in the United Kingdom. Next, the owner writes down the name of the toy and a story about it 10 the buyers can understand its value. Finally, the toy is 11 carefully for safety reasons. The company donates at least half of the money from the sale of each toy. The company’s 12 is more than “just trying to save some toys from landfills,” Liebling says. “We believe there are enough soft toys in the world and we don’t have to 13 another again. ” Vickie Clarke posted her story on the website. “I saw Vinnie on Loved Before and was lucky enough to buy 14 . I have quite a stressful job and he now sits on my desk, making me smile every hour of my working day. I feel much 15 than before. Thank you, Loved Before!” 1．A．world B．teenagers C．buildings D．villages 2．A．park B．hospital C．store D．school 3．A．cheaply B．quietly C．early D．differently 4．A．exercise B．homework C．research D．chores 5．A．try out B．give up C．clear out D．end up 6．A．value B．hope C．advice D．luck 7．A．stopped B．changed C．started D．performed 8．A．process B．website C．date D．problem 9．A．lending B．hiding C．comparing D．taking 10．A．ever since B．so that C．as soon as D．even though 11．A．painted B．played C．cleaned D．made 12．A．name B．goal C．market D．risk 13．A．leave B．use C．send D．produce 14．A．us B．her C．him D．them 15．A．happier B．friendlier C．busier D．healthier 题型二 阅读理解 A（2024·内蒙古通辽·中考真题） On a cold day in winter, a 13-year-old boy, living in Qinghai Province, was heading down a mountaintop with his family. Suddenly, they saw two snow leopards (雪豹) near the Lancang River. “I see them for the first time. They look so cool!” he said. Since the mid-20th century, the area of snow, grasslands and lakes in Sanjiangyuan has become smaller because of climate change and human activities. Many wild animals in the area have died out. Snow leopards are endangered. Later, China set up Sanjiangyuan Nature Reserve (保护区)  to better protect the area and the wildlife there. In these years, the number of wild animals has been increasing. More than 70,000 Tibetan antelopes (藏羚羊) live there now. And over 1,000 snow leopards can be found in the area. It’s higher than the average number around the world. The local people have improved their understanding about environmental protection and have tried hard to protect the environment in Sanjiangyuan over the years. They still live on selling caterpillar fungus (冬虫夏草) they’ve found in grasslands. In the past, they carried food with them in plastic bags and left the bags and food waste behind. But now the local people have realized they should live together with nature in harmony. They often pick up waste on the grasslands. People also take their plastic bags and food waste down the mountain after eating. The local environment has taken on a new look. Many young people there said, “We will continue to guard our home and make it more beautiful.” 1．What can we know from paragraph 1 and paragraph 2? A．Snow leopards are in danger. B．A boy raised two snow leopards at home. C．Two snow leopards first appeared near the Yellow River. D．The grasslands and lakes in Sanjiangyuan have disappeared. 2．Why did China build Sanjiangyuan Nature Reserve? A．To develop the local tourist industry. B．To improve the natural environment. C．To provide a home for more people. D．To find the source of three rivers. 3．The local people in Sanjiangyuan has changed their way of ________. A．making a living B．crossing the grasslands C．carrying food with them D．dealing with waste 4．What does the underlined word “harmony” mean? A．智慧 B．和谐 C．伤害 D．忠诚 5．What can we infer from the passage? A．The local people won’t sell caterpillar fungus any more. B．Many young people choose to leave Sanjiangyuan. C．The future of Sanjiangyuan Nature Reserve will be better and better. D．The number of Tibetan antelopes in Sanjiangyuan is the smallest. B（2024·山东泰安·中考真题） When you look up at the night sky, what do you see? 80% of people around the world see nothing but skyglow (天光，人为白昼现象). This man-made brightening of the sky masks the stars. The night sky has played an important role in human life for thousands of years. Ancient peoples named the constellations (星座). Around the same time, Polynesian sailors used the sun and stars to sail on the sea in the correct direction. Later, the Maya civilization (文明) used the position of the stars to predict the changing of the seasons. But today, few people are able to see sky full of stars. So what happened? Light pollution is the reason. When man-made light enters into the night sky, it hides the stars. This excess (过多的) light comes from streetlights, office buildings, stores, flashing billboards, etc. Of course, people in modern societies need to light the night. Nighttime driving, walking, working, exercising, and more are all safer with man-made outdoor lighting. However, too much light at night can be harmful. It masks the stars and disturbs our natural sleep patterns, causing greater risk of cancer and heart disease. Light pollution can be greatly reduced (减少) with a few simple actions. The first is to stop wasting light. Outdoor lights can be covered so that the light shines down to the ground only where it’s needed. People can be more careful about using lights only when and where they are necessary. Besides, people can choose light bulbs (灯泡) with the smallest effective amount of brightness. Most bright white lights, including LEDs, give off a large amount of shorter-wavelength (波长较短的) blue light, which brightens the sky more than any other color of light. Choosing light bulbs with longer-wavelength light in yellow or orange can help prevent harmful light pollution. 1．By studying the night sky full of stars, ancient peoples did a lot except ________. A．naming the constellations B．sailing on the sea in the correct direction C．predicting the changing of the seasons D．letting man-made light enter into the night sky 2．Today most people can’t see the night sky full of stars because of ________. A．the excess light caused by humans B．the reduction of stars C．the changes in the position of stars D．the influence of weather 3．What does the last paragraph mainly tell us? A．How to save electricity in our daily lives. B．How to choose light bulbs correctly. C．Two ways of reducing light pollution. D．The advantages and disadvantages of man-made light. 4．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? A．Too much light at night can do harm to people’s health. B．Man-made light hides the stars when it enters into the night sky. C．In ancient times, the night sky played an important role in human life. D．Choosing shorter-wavelength blue light can help prevent harmful light pollution. C（2024·河南濮阳·三模） China has plans to follow a specific (特定的) method for protecting the environment and saving the nature, based on rules set by the Chinese Government on March 17, 2024. Here are the highlights (亮点).           1．When does the environmental management system need to be basically set up? A．By 2023. B．By 2025. C．By 2035. D．By 2045. 2．Which is the purpose that “red lines” are used? A．To make sure the system will be completed. B．To make sure the protection of the environment. C．To make sure important natural areas are marked. D．To make sure to manage the different regions. 3．Which highlight can be found in the text? A．China uses the same way to manage the different regions. B．We can read all the 18 detailed points in the text. C．China’s first national parks are more than 230,000 km². D．The system will be completed and work well in 2025. 4．Why does China use a “special way for each region” to manage the environment? A．Because different regions have different types of environments. B．Because the system needs to be completed by 2035. C．Because we plan to start national parks and protect land animals. D．Because the government has already collected money for the environment improvement. 5．What’s this text mainly talking about? A．Red lines which China set to protect the environment. B．The major targets of the system for managing the environment. C．Highlights about region-specific environmental management. D．We should protect the environment in our daily lives. D（2024·广东深圳·三模） It has been more than 40 years since anyone has found a Japanese river otter. It is just one of the animals that have been listed as extinct(灭绝) or locally extinct in recent years. But the development of technology could mean that the extinction of other animals is not likely to take place. A huge challenge scientists face is watching endangered animals in order to help them. This is where artificial intelligence (AI) has brought a turning point in the way information on these animals is collected and studied. The Maui dolphin is one of the most valuable and endangered dolphins in the ocean. With a collection of their summer behavior facts, researchers knew that there were just 54 of these mysterious animals living off the coast of New Zealand. However, because of weather conditions, researchers know almost nothing about their winter behavior. After four years of developing and testing, these scientists were able to use a drone(无人机) with AI to watch the dolphins no matter the season. The result was more wild areas provided for them to live. In Zambia’s Kafue National Park, home to more than 6,000 elephants, AI is being used to enhance traditional methods of preventing hunting. Cameras record any boats that try to enter the park. AI immediately notices this activity and warns park guards, who deal with the hunters. In Brazil, AI quickly studied over 150,000 satellite pictures, discovering that the world's largest wetland has lost 74 percent of its surface water, Not until that discoveries did governments realize how serious the situation was. The use of AI has helped to speed action and increase our ability to protect the natural world for the future to come. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By listing numbers. B．By asking a question. C．By comparing opinions. D．By giving an example. 2．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A．Why AI can help. B．When AI can help. C．What AI can help. D．Where AI can help. 3．What does the underlined word “enhance” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Stop. B．Control. C．Improve. D．Compare. 4．What happened when AI was used in Brazil? A．Endangered animal hunting has been stopped. B．Governments began to know it was a big trouble. C．More wild areas were provided as endangered animals’ habitat. D．The world’s largest wetland has lost 74 percent of its surface water. 5．What does the passage want to tell us? A．Nature is safer with the help of AI. B．AI can help scientists in different fields. C．There are many animals that are dying out now. D．AI will be an important technology in the future. 题型三 任务型阅读 01（2024·山东滨州·中考真题） 阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容回答问题。 From September to February each year, Dazhong Mountain in Chuxiong, Yunnan is home to more than 50,000,000 migratory birds (候鸟). People used to call the mountain Daqueshan, which means bird-hunting mountain. The villagers used to hunt birds on the mountain. Then one year, they couldn’t hear birds singing. People started to worry if migratory birds would return again. In 1984, the Hongtupo Forest Police Station was set up. The officers worked on the mountain, trying to find migratory birds and stop people from hunting them. The job was really difficult. They might lose their way or meet dangerous animals. The officers also tried to tell villagers the importance of protecting birds and other wild animals. They visited the villagers door to door and helped them with farm work. They even organized activities in schools to get their messages across to children. Now, even children know that birds are to be loved. The mountain is greener, the water is clearer, and more and more animals come to live here. It has become a bird-protecting mountain. Many people have opened bed-and-breakfasts (民宿) for birdwatchers. “The village has changed a lot, and we don’t hunt birds anymore,” people say. Since people have stopped hunting, the police station now mainly works to save injured (受伤的) wildlife. 1．How many migratory birds live on Dazhong Mountain from September to February? 2．What did the villagers on Dazhong Mountain use to do? 3．What danger might the officers face on the mountain? 4．Do the villagers know that birds are to be loved now? 5．What is the theme of this passage? 02（2024·江苏镇江·中考真题） 根据短文内容在文章后表格中的空白处填入一个最恰当的词，每空一词。 Guarding the Blue Planet Liu loves to teach people to explore the underwater world and lead them to feel the beauty of the sea. Now, he devotes himself to the voluntary work in a community called Better Blue. The volunteers in Better Blue are not only made up of diving coaches like Liu, but also pilots, lawyers, doctors and so on. All of them should have the knowledge of the sea. Every year, 12 million tons of plastic waste flows into the ocean (海洋). Sea animals like turtles often lose their lives because of eating plastic or fishing nets. Even humans on land are influenced because the fish we eat may have harmful plastic particles in their bodies. So the community Better Blue was started in 2017. It hopes to raise marine (海洋的) protection awareness among the public, invite people to protect the endangered sea animals and encourage people to think about how to make the ocean develop in a friendly way. Dive Against Debris is an activity organized by Better Blue to protect the ocean. The activity needs volunteers with greater diving skills. In this project, divers go into the waters and fish out rubbish, which is then separated into different groups. They do this at several fixed locations in the bay area of Shenzhen every month. The work also includes checking which rubbish often appears in the area, doing a research on why this kind of rubbish is the most and making suggestions to reduce the pollution. Marine protected to collecting rubbish. It also includes marine protection education. On weekdays, Liu volunteers to teach children marine protection in local schools. Volunteers like him teach marine science to make children realize that land- based rubbish can also pollute the ocean. Researchers from local universities also take part in such activities. With diving becoming popular, people are more willing to learn about marine protection. They come with their equipment, div e into the waters, get to know the underwater world and protect it. Liu is not only a diving 34 , but also a volunteer in Better Blue. Volunteers of Better Blue do different jobs and they are 35 to have the knowledge of the sea. The introduction to Better Blue The reasons why it was started: ▶Plastic waste flows into the ocean. ▶Sea animals like turtles often 36 . ▶Fish have plastic particles that are 37 to humans. ▶The 38 of it: ▶To raise marine protection awareness. ▶To invite people to protect the endangered sea animals. ▶To encourage people to 39 the development of the ocean in a friendly way. The activities held by Better Blue Dive Against Debris:▶Volunteers need to have greater diving skills. They fish out rubbish and separate it. ▶Further work: ① checking the kind of the area’s 40 rubbish ② studying why this kind of rubbish is the most ③advising 41 the pollution Marine protection education:▶Volunteers give 42 on marine protection. ▶Researchers take part in marine protection education. With the popularity of diving, people show more 43 in marine protection and take action. 题型四 阅读还原 01（2024·山东枣庄·三模） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入各小题横线上的最佳选项。 The world is getting hotter, and there are more and more extreme (极端的) weather events because of climate change. 1 Even though Africa only produces a little bit of greenhouse gas that leads to climate change, it’s getting hurt a lot. Countries across Africa are paying a heavy price for the top polluters in other parts of the world. 2 They are grasslands, deserts, and wetlands (湿地). There’s also a big rainforest called the Congo Basin. 3 But now, because of climate change, all these ecosystems (生态系统) are in trouble. 4 You can’t find them anywhere else in the world. But because of the changing climate, these animals and plants might disappear (消失). It’s hard to deal with these problems because it will cost a lot of money. 5 People are working on a big project called the Great Green Wall to stop deserts from getting big, and they are doing better than expected. A．But there’s some good news. B．They help stop a lot of pollution. C．Africa has special ecosystems. D．Africa is more than just a natural zoo. E．Africa is home to lots of special animals and plants. F．This causes a lot of problems for the countries in Africa. G．But there’s some bad news. 02（2024·贵州黔东南·二模） 根据短文内容，从6个选项中选出能分别填入5个小题空白处的最佳选项。 Lionfish are beautiful fish. They are also a special kind of troublemaker on the planet. 1 Their numbers have increased greatly in a few years there, and they have already caused plenty of problems for the ecosystem (生态系统). St. Lucia is a Caribbean island where action is being taken against lionfish. 2 Many tourists enjoy diving in order to explore the wonders of the huge coral reefs (珊瑚礁). Unluckily, lionfish eat the local fish that keep the reefs clean and healthy, putting the reefs at risk. 139 Instead of trying to kill lionfish, islanders are turning the lionfish problems to their advantage. They realize that one way to control the population of lionfish is to hunt (猎取) them for sport and business. 3 Although the fish have a very harmful sting (刺), they can be specially prepared so they are safe to eat. And Caribbean cooks are sure to find a way to turn these unwelcome fish into an unforgettable treat. 4 But at least the fish have been kept from reproducing (繁殖) too quickly. The lionfish are still a problem, but the islanders are making the best of a bad situation —and they are making a living from it, too! A．And they also use the fish for food. B．The island is famous for its clear blue waters. C．They cause serious problems in the Caribbean Sea. D．However, the lionfish population has not fallen by much. E．Jobs are provided for fishermen in the protected waters. F．Besides, lionfish often give birth to babies quickly. 四、短文填空 01【语法填空】（2024·贵州毕节·三模） 阅读下面短文，在各题空白处填入1个合适的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Birds are building their homes with rubbish, said a new study. The rubbish includes cigarette butts (烟头) 1 plastic bags. A group of European scientists looked into about 35, 000 2 (study) on bird nests (巢). They found that birds have used man-made things in their homes almost everywhere 3 the Earth except Antarctica. Some rubbish seems to be useful. This is why birds like putting it in 4 (they) nests. For example, cigarette butts have some special chemicals (化学物质). So they can keep insects away and protect the baby birds. Plastic bags are 5 (help) in keeping the animals warm, and other hard things, such as paper cards, can make nests stronger. However, in the end, human rubbish may only 6 (bring) more harm to birds. The harmful chemicals in cigarettes hurt the baby birds and they may get sick or have shorter lives, according to 7 scientific study in 2014. Nowadays, the situation is becoming more serious. What’s 8 (bad), if the cigarette still burns when the bird brings it back to its nest, it may set fire to the nest. Pieces of fishing net may also catch birds, and it’s impossible for them 9 (get) out by themselves. If the baby birds eat other kinds of rubbish by accident, they will also get hurt 10 (easy). Our friends in the air are feeling the bad effects of humans polluting the environment. 02【语法填空】（2024·贵州黔东南·二模） 阅读下面短文，在各题空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 World Environment Day falls on every June 5. It’s a day to remind people that it’s important to play a part in protecting the environment. According to 1 environment program, we throw out over 2 billion tons of household waste a year all over the world. And the amount (量) of household waste can increase quickly, especially in countries that depend heavily 2 packaging (包装) for products. Many countries deal with 3 (they) waste by simply burning it or putting it underground. These ways are dangerous 4 waste has a bad influence on the environment. So how should you 5 (correct) deal with your household waste? Firstly, before throwing something away, think about whether it can be used again. If your bike is broken, try to fix it up. If you don’t need something 6 (make) of metal anymore, one of the best ways 7 (be) to take it to waste recovery(废品回收). And we encourage you 8 (give) your old books and clothes to people who need them. Secondly, we should develop a good habit of sorting the waste. Usually, there are four different 9 (color) of rubbish bins. The blue is for glass bottles, paper boxes, things that can be recycled; the green is for kitchen waste such as banana or apple peels; the red is for 10 (harm) waste like used batteries,out-of-date drugs; the yellow is for other waste. 03【选词填空】（2024·湖北·中考真题） 阅读短文，从方框中选出恰当的单词并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺、意义完整。每空仅填一词，每词仅用一次。 after; attention; clean; collect; come; first; he; helpful; hold; life Do you believe picking up rubbish has become a world competition? In November of 2023, the first Rubbish Collection World Cup was 1 in Asia. Teams from 21 countries took part in it. According to the rules, each team will have 60 minutes to 2 rubbish as much as possible. Britain finally won the 3 prize. “We hope more people around the world will pay 4 to environmental problems,” said a British team member. When Ken, the founder (创始人) of the competition, was interviewed, he talked about how he 5 up with the idea. Several years ago, he found many sea animals died 6 they ate the rubbish in the sea. So he started to pick up rubbish on 7 way to the beach every morning. “Picking up a piece of rubbish may save a turtle’s (海龟的) 8 . It’s also a good way to keep the beach 9 .” In his eyes, changing people’s thoughts about rubbish was more important. “Picking up rubbish is meaningful and 10 ,” added Ken. “Now, I am glad to hear that lots of people take part in it to protect our environment.” 04【首字母填空】（2024·广东广州·二模） 阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。答卷时，要求写出完整单词。 Every day, we do many things like watching TV, going online, and playing video games. These activities use a lot of energy, which is r 1 harmful to our Earth. To help the Earth, people around the world do an activity called Earth Hour. It e 2 people to turn off all unneeded lights for one hour on the last Saturday of March. Earth Hour started in Australia in 2007 and has s 3 to over 190 countries. It aims to draw attention to the importance of saving energy to protect our Earth. Besides switching off lights, there are other ways to join in Earth Hour. The Earth Hour website gives useful suggestions like reading about the environment, living a greener life, or going for a nature walk. Every little thing we do can make a c 4 . Let’s try our best to make our Earth a b 5 place to live on than before! Would you like to join us? 题型五 书面表达 1．（2024·湖南衡阳·一模）许多城市正在进行创文创卫工作，作为中学生，我们每个人都应该为此尽一份力。请你根据以下提示写一篇倡议书，呼吁全校同学保护环境。 要点：1. 保护环境的重要性。 2. 措施：不坐小汽车，步行或乘坐公交车上学；离开教室时关灯；平时节约用水，购物时用可回收利用袋，不用塑料袋；不乱扔垃圾…… 3. 号召同学们积极参与到保护环境中来。 4. 词数：80词左右，文章开头已经给出，但不计入总词数。 关键词：environment, instead of, take an active part in, protect Hello, everyone, The earth is our only home ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 中考英语热点话题08 环境保护（二） （完形填空2++阅读理解4+任务型阅读2+阅读还原2+短文填空4+书面表达1） 序号 题型 内容 难度 1 完形填空01 本文为一篇说明文，主要介绍了全球变暖对人们生活和世界的影响。 适中 2 完形填空02 本文主要介绍了Liebling建立了一个公司，不仅仅是回收那些二手玩具，也希望教会人们再次认识到二手玩具的价值。 适中 3 阅读理解A 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了设立了三江源自然保护区以来所发生的变化。 较难 4 阅读理解B 本文主要讲述了光污染对夜空的影响，特别是如何减少光污染以便更好地看到星空。 适中 5 阅读理解C 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了国务院发布的《关于加强生态环境分区管控的意见》的重要内容。 较难 6 阅读理解D 本文主要介绍了人工智能 (AI) 在环境监测和拯救濒危动物方面的应用。 适中 7 任务型阅读01 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了位于云南楚雄的大中山在环境保护方面发生的变化。 适中 8 任务型阅读02 本文介绍了Better Blue社区的志愿者们如何通过各种活动来保护海洋环境。 较难 9 阅读还原01 本文主要介绍了极端的天气对非洲国家带来的影响，人们正在致力于一项名为“绿色长城”的大项目，以阻止沙漠变大。 适中 10 阅读还原02 本文主要介绍了蓑鲉入侵加勒比海并给当地带来生态危机，然而，当地人积极应对，努力将危机转化为生机。 较难 11 语法填空01 本文主要讲述了许多鸟类正在用人类的垃圾筑巢，这一做法有利有弊。 适中 12 语法填空02 本文讲述了家庭产生的垃圾和如何处理废弃物。 适中 13 选词填空 本文介绍了在亚洲举行的首届垃圾收集世界杯。 适中 14 首字母填空 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了“地球一小时”活动及其意义。 适中 15 书面表达 许多城市正在进行创文创卫工作，作为中学生，我们每个人都应该为此尽一份力。请你根据提示写一篇倡议书，呼吁全校同学保护环境。 适中 题型一 完形填空 01（2024·安徽阜阳·一模） What difference does global warming (全球变暖) make to people’s lives? Many people may not know how to 1 the question because they don’t see any direct changes in climate. They mostly live indoors in a city, and their climates are in 2 there. If it rains, they stay inside. If it’s too cold or too hot, they try to change the 3 of the room. However, for farmers and those living closer to the land, the relation between global warming and them is 4 . Although they’re not sure if the changes in weather, bad or good, they can say over time that things are 5 to seem different. They notice that flowers and other plants are growing earlier in northern parts of the world. This causes them to change planting 6 for plants. At the same time, farmers will 7 more natural disasters in the United States, Russia and many other places. The worst thing about global warming is probably that 8 the warming happens, it makes further warming faster. The high temperature is 9 for the natural environment of many places, such as the Arctic. No matter where we live, we must know about global warming and 10 to fight it. If we don’t do this, the future of our planet will be ín danger. 1．A．agree B．answer C．explain D．mention 2．A．risk B．use C．control D．study 3．A．experience B．situation C．temperature D．condition 4．A．stronger B．poorer C．newer D．better 5．A．deciding B．preparing C．expecting D．beginning 6．A．times B．places C．facts D．races 7．A．accept B．believe C．face D．show 8．A．if B．as C．although D．until 9．A．difficult B．bad C．normal D．good 10．A．bring up B．bring out C．take turns D．take action 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．C 4．A 5．D 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．B 10．D 【导语】本文为一篇说明文，主要介绍了全球变暖对人们生活和世界的影响。 1．句意：许多人可能不知道如何回答这个问题，因为他们没有看到气候的任何直接变化。 agree同意；answer回答；explain解释；mention提及。根据“the question”可知，是指回答上面的问题。故选B。 2．句意：他们大多生活在城市的室内，那里的气候是可控的。 risk风险；use使用；control控制；study学习。根据“If it rains, they stay inside. If it’s too cold or too hot, they try to change ”可知，室内的气候是可以控制的。故选C。 3．句意：如果太冷或太热，他们就会试着改变房间的温度。 experience经历；situation情况；temperature温度；condition状况。根据“If it’s too cold or too hot”可知，冷热和温度有关。故选C。 4．句意：然而，对于农民和那些离土地更近的人来说，全球变暖与他们之间的关系更强。 stronger更强；poorer更贫穷；newer更新；better更好。根据“the relation”可知，对于农民和那些离土地更近的人来说，全球变暖与他们之间的关系更强。故选A。 5．句意：虽然他们不确定天气的变化，无论好坏，是否与气候变化有关，但他们可以说，随着时间的推移，情况开始有所不同。 deciding决定；preparing准备；expecting期待；beginning开始。根据“they can say over time that things are...to seem different.”可知，随着时间的推移，情况开始有所不同，beginning符合语境。故选D。 6．句意：这导致他们改变了植物的种植时间。 times时间；places地方；facts事实；races种族。根据前文“They notice that flowers and other plants are growing earlier in northern parts of the world.”可知，他们注意到花和其它植物在北方种植更早，所以，这就会导致他们改变种植“时间”。故选A。 7．句意：与此同时，美国、俄罗斯和许多其他地方的农民将面临更多的自然灾害。 accept接受；believe相信；face面对；show展示。根据“more natural disasters in the United States, Russia and many other places.”可知，是指面临更多的自然灾害。故选C。 8．句意：全球变暖最糟糕的事情可能是，随着变暖的发生，它会使进一步变暖的速度更快。 if如果；as随着；although尽管；until直到。根据“the warming happens, it makes further warming faster. ”可知，随着变暖的发生，它使进一步变暖的速度更快，应用as引导时间状语从句，故选B。 9．句意：高温对许多地方的自然环境是有害的，比如北极。 difficult困难的；bad坏的；normal正常的；good好的。根据“The high temperature”可知，高温对许多地方的自然环境有害，故选B。 10．句意：无论我们生活在哪里，我们都必须了解全球变暖，并采取行动与之抗争。 bring up抚养；bring out使显现出；take turns轮流；take action采取行动。根据“fight it”可知，抗争需要采取行动，故选D。 02（2024·浙江杭州·二模） Charlotte Liebling calls herself a “world watcher. ” That means she watches the 1 around her. Here’s an example: Liebling volunteered in a 2 . It sold secondhand goods (二手商品). Some of these were soft toys. When the toys were sold very 3 , Liebling always felt sad because she could tell that the toys held great value for their owners. After doing some 4 , she realized this wasn’t happening only in her town. Millions of toys 5 in landfills (垃圾场) every year. “If we can change the idea that soft toys lose their 6 once the owners give them away,” she thought, “then we can show people they have so much left in them. ” That’s how the Loved Before  toy-adoption (玩具领养) service 7 . The whole 8 has three steps. First, someone donates a soft toy. People can do so through the mail, or by 9 a toy to a local point in the United Kingdom. Next, the owner writes down the name of the toy and a story about it 10 the buyers can understand its value. Finally, the toy is 11 carefully for safety reasons. The company donates at least half of the money from the sale of each toy. The company’s 12 is more than “just trying to save some toys from landfills,” Liebling says. “We believe there are enough soft toys in the world and we don’t have to 13 another again. ” Vickie Clarke posted her story on the website. “I saw Vinnie on Loved Before and was lucky enough to buy 14 . I have quite a stressful job and he now sits on my desk, making me smile every hour of my working day. I feel much 15 than before. Thank you, Loved Before!” 1．A．world B．teenagers C．buildings D．villages 2．A．park B．hospital C．store D．school 3．A．cheaply B．quietly C．early D．differently 4．A．exercise B．homework C．research D．chores 5．A．try out B．give up C．clear out D．end up 6．A．value B．hope C．advice D．luck 7．A．stopped B．changed C．started D．performed 8．A．process B．website C．date D．problem 9．A．lending B．hiding C．comparing D．taking 10．A．ever since B．so that C．as soon as D．even though 11．A．painted B．played C．cleaned D．made 12．A．name B．goal C．market D．risk 13．A．leave B．use C．send D．produce 14．A．us B．her C．him D．them 15．A．happier B．friendlier C．busier D．healthier 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．D 6．A 7．C 8．A 9．D 10．B 11．C 12．B 13．D 14．C 15．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了Liebling建立了一个公司，不仅仅是回收那些二手玩具，也希望教会人们再次认识到二手玩具的价值。 1．句意：这意味着她会观察周围的世界。 world世界；teenagers青少年；buildings建筑；villages村庄。由“world watcher”可知是观察周围的世界(world)。故选A。 2．句意：这儿有个例子：Liebling在一家商店当志愿者。 park公园；hospital医院；store商店；school学校。 由“It sold secondhand goods”可知，她在商店里当志愿者。故选C。 3．句意：当玩具卖得很便宜时，Liebling总是感到难过，因为她知道这些玩具对它们的主人来说很有价值。 cheaply便宜地；quietly安静地；early早；differently不同地。由上文的“secondhand goods”以及下文“felt sad”可知，玩具卖得很便宜。故选A。 4．句意：在做了一些调查之后，她发现这不仅仅发生在她的镇上。 exercise锻炼；homework家庭作业；research调查；chores家务。由下文“she realized this wasn’t happening only...every year.”可推测她肯定做过很多调查，才发现后面的问题。故选C。 5．句意：每年有上百万的玩具最终去了垃圾场。 try out实验；give up放弃；clear out清理；end up最终成为。因为玩具的价值不被看见，卖得很便宜，最终被扔进垃圾场，end up符合语境。故选D。 6．句意：“如果我们能改变毛绒玩具一旦被主人送走就失去了价值的观念，”她想，“那么我们就能向人们展示它们还有很多东西。” value价值；hope希望；advice建议；luck运气。 由下文“then we can show people they have so much left in them. ” 可知，她想让人们觉得玩具被送走后仍然有价值(value)。故选A。 7．句意：“曾经被爱”玩具领养服务就是这样开始的。 stopped停止；changed改变；started开始；performed执行。正是为了让人们认识到玩具的价值，从而不被轻易抛弃，玩具领养服务才开始的。started符合语境。故选C。 8．句意：整个过程有三个步骤。 process过程；website网站；date日期；problem问题。根据“The whole...has three steps.”可知，后文在介绍玩具领养的过程，process符合语境。故选A。 9．句意：人们可以通过邮寄，或者把玩具带到英国当地的一个地方。 lending借出；hiding隐藏；comparing比较；taking带。根据“People can do so through the mail, or by...a toy to a local point in the United Kingdom.”人们要捐赠玩具，要么邮寄要么亲自带到某个地点，taking符合语境。故选D。 10．句意：接下来，主人写下玩具的名字和关于它的故事，这样买家就能了解它的价值。 ever since自从；so that以便；as soon as一……就；even though即使。根据“the buyers can understand its value.”可知，so that在此表目的，引导目的状语从句。故选B。 11．句意：最后，出于安全考虑，玩具要仔细清洁。 painted涂颜料；played玩；cleaned清洗；made制作。由“for safety reasons”可知，cleaned符合语境，表示“玩具要仔细清洁”。故选C。 12．句意：公司的目标不仅仅是“试图从垃圾填埋场中拯救一些玩具”。 name名字；goal目标；market市场；risk风险。从上文可知为了让人们认识到二手玩具的价值，避免他们被扔进垃圾场，玩具收养服务才开始的，因此这是他们的目标(goal)之一。故选B。 13．句意：Liebling说，“我们相信世界上有足够多的毛绒玩具，我们不需要再生产另一个。” leave离开；use使用；send发送；produce生产。由上文“there are enough soft toys in the world ”可知，此处是指不用再生产(produce)另一个毛绒玩具。故选D。 14．句意：我在《爱以前》里看到维尼，很幸运买了他。 us我们；her她；him他；them他们。 由下文“and he now sits on my desk”可知应用him来指代Vinnie。故选C。 15．句意：我感到比以前更快乐。 happier更快乐的；friendlier更友好的；busier更繁忙的；healthier更健康的。 由上文“I have quite a stressful job...of my working day. ”可知，她以前觉得压力很大，而现在每天微笑，应该是感到更快乐(happier)。故选A。 题型二 阅读理解 A（2024·内蒙古通辽·中考真题） On a cold day in winter, a 13-year-old boy, living in Qinghai Province, was heading down a mountaintop with his family. Suddenly, they saw two snow leopards (雪豹) near the Lancang River. “I see them for the first time. They look so cool!” he said. Since the mid-20th century, the area of snow, grasslands and lakes in Sanjiangyuan has become smaller because of climate change and human activities. Many wild animals in the area have died out. Snow leopards are endangered. Later, China set up Sanjiangyuan Nature Reserve (保护区)  to better protect the area and the wildlife there. In these years, the number of wild animals has been increasing. More than 70,000 Tibetan antelopes (藏羚羊) live there now. And over 1,000 snow leopards can be found in the area. It’s higher than the average number around the world. The local people have improved their understanding about environmental protection and have tried hard to protect the environment in Sanjiangyuan over the years. They still live on selling caterpillar fungus (冬虫夏草) they’ve found in grasslands. In the past, they carried food with them in plastic bags and left the bags and food waste behind. But now the local people have realized they should live together with nature in harmony. They often pick up waste on the grasslands. People also take their plastic bags and food waste down the mountain after eating. The local environment has taken on a new look. Many young people there said, “We will continue to guard our home and make it more beautiful.” 1．What can we know from paragraph 1 and paragraph 2? A．Snow leopards are in danger. B．A boy raised two snow leopards at home. C．Two snow leopards first appeared near the Yellow River. D．The grasslands and lakes in Sanjiangyuan have disappeared. 2．Why did China build Sanjiangyuan Nature Reserve? A．To develop the local tourist industry. B．To improve the natural environment. C．To provide a home for more people. D．To find the source of three rivers. 3．The local people in Sanjiangyuan has changed their way of ________. A．making a living B．crossing the grasslands C．carrying food with them D．dealing with waste 4．What does the underlined word “harmony” mean? A．智慧 B．和谐 C．伤害 D．忠诚 5．What can we infer from the passage? A．The local people won’t sell caterpillar fungus any more. B．Many young people choose to leave Sanjiangyuan. C．The future of Sanjiangyuan Nature Reserve will be better and better. D．The number of Tibetan antelopes in Sanjiangyuan is the smallest. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了设立了三江源自然保护区以来所发生的变化。 1．推理判断题。根据“Since the mid-20th century, the area of snow, grasslands and lakes in Sanjiangyuan has become smaller because of climate change and human activities. Many wild animals in the area have died out. Snow leopards are endangered.”可知，前两段主要是说气候的变化使雪豹的数量减少。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据“Later, China set up Sanjiangyuan Nature Reserve to better protect the area and the wildlife there.”可知，中国建立三江源自然保护区是为了改善自然环境，保护野生动物。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“In the past, they carried food with them in plastic bags and left the bags and food waste behind. But now the local people have realized they should live together with nature in harmony. They often pick up waste on the grasslands.”可知，过去人们把食物装在塑料袋里随身携带，把塑料袋和食物垃圾扔得到处都是。但是现在他们经常在草原上捡垃圾。因此他们改变了处理垃圾的方式。故选D。 4．词句猜测题。根据“But now the local people have realized they should live together with nature in harmony.”和“We will continue to guard our home and make it more beautiful.”可知，当地人意识到人类应该与自然和谐共处，因此harmony意为“和谐”。故选B。 5．推理判断题。根据“We will continue to guard our home and make it more beautiful.”可知，人们会继续采取措施保护环境，因此三江源自然保护区的未来会更好。故选C。 B（2024·山东泰安·中考真题） When you look up at the night sky, what do you see? 80% of people around the world see nothing but skyglow (天光，人为白昼现象). This man-made brightening of the sky masks the stars. The night sky has played an important role in human life for thousands of years. Ancient peoples named the constellations (星座). Around the same time, Polynesian sailors used the sun and stars to sail on the sea in the correct direction. Later, the Maya civilization (文明) used the position of the stars to predict the changing of the seasons. But today, few people are able to see sky full of stars. So what happened? Light pollution is the reason. When man-made light enters into the night sky, it hides the stars. This excess (过多的) light comes from streetlights, office buildings, stores, flashing billboards, etc. Of course, people in modern societies need to light the night. Nighttime driving, walking, working, exercising, and more are all safer with man-made outdoor lighting. However, too much light at night can be harmful. It masks the stars and disturbs our natural sleep patterns, causing greater risk of cancer and heart disease. Light pollution can be greatly reduced (减少) with a few simple actions. The first is to stop wasting light. Outdoor lights can be covered so that the light shines down to the ground only where it’s needed. People can be more careful about using lights only when and where they are necessary. Besides, people can choose light bulbs (灯泡) with the smallest effective amount of brightness. Most bright white lights, including LEDs, give off a large amount of shorter-wavelength (波长较短的) blue light, which brightens the sky more than any other color of light. Choosing light bulbs with longer-wavelength light in yellow or orange can help prevent harmful light pollution. 1．By studying the night sky full of stars, ancient peoples did a lot except ________. A．naming the constellations B．sailing on the sea in the correct direction C．predicting the changing of the seasons D．letting man-made light enter into the night sky 2．Today most people can’t see the night sky full of stars because of ________. A．the excess light caused by humans B．the reduction of stars C．the changes in the position of stars D．the influence of weather 3．What does the last paragraph mainly tell us? A．How to save electricity in our daily lives. B．How to choose light bulbs correctly. C．Two ways of reducing light pollution. D．The advantages and disadvantages of man-made light. 4．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? A．Too much light at night can do harm to people’s health. B．Man-made light hides the stars when it enters into the night sky. C．In ancient times, the night sky played an important role in human life. D．Choosing shorter-wavelength blue light can help prevent harmful light pollution. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了光污染对夜空的影响，特别是如何减少光污染以便更好地看到星空。 1．细节理解题。根据“The night sky has played an important role in human life for thousands of years. Ancient peoples named the constellations (星座). Around the same time, Polynesian sailors used the sun and stars to sail on the sea in the correct direction. Later, the Maya civilization (文明) used the position of the stars to predict the changing of the seasons.”可知，古人命名了星座、利用太阳和星星的指引在海上航行、预测季节变化，但没有提到让人造光进入夜空。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“ But today, few people are able to see sky full of stars. So what happened?...Light pollution is the reason. When man-made light enters into the night sky, it hides the stars. This excess (过多的) light comes from streetlights, office buildings, stores, flashing billboards, etc.”可知，光污染是主要原因，而光污染是由人类活动产生的过多光线造成的。故选A。 3．主旨大意题。根据“Light pollution can be greatly reduced (减少) with a few simple actions. The first is to stop wasting light...Besides, people can choose light bulbs (灯泡) with the smallest effective amount of brightness.”可知，最后一段主要讲了减少光污染的两种方法：减少浪费光线和选择合适的灯泡。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“Choosing light bulbs with longer-wavelength light in yellow or orange can help prevent harmful light pollution.”可知，文章建议选择长波长的黄光或橙光来减少光污染，D选项与文章内容不符。故选D。 C（2024·河南濮阳·三模） China has plans to follow a specific (特定的) method for protecting the environment and saving the nature, based on rules set by the Chinese Government on March 17, 2024. Here are the highlights (亮点).           1．When does the environmental management system need to be basically set up? A．By 2023. B．By 2025. C．By 2035. D．By 2045. 2．Which is the purpose that “red lines” are used? A．To make sure the system will be completed. B．To make sure the protection of the environment. C．To make sure important natural areas are marked. D．To make sure to manage the different regions. 3．Which highlight can be found in the text? A．China uses the same way to manage the different regions. B．We can read all the 18 detailed points in the text. C．China’s first national parks are more than 230,000 km². D．The system will be completed and work well in 2025. 4．Why does China use a “special way for each region” to manage the environment? A．Because different regions have different types of environments. B．Because the system needs to be completed by 2035. C．Because we plan to start national parks and protect land animals. D．Because the government has already collected money for the environment improvement. 5．What’s this text mainly talking about? A．Red lines which China set to protect the environment. B．The major targets of the system for managing the environment. C．Highlights about region-specific environmental management. D．We should protect the environment in our daily lives. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了国务院发布的《关于加强生态环境分区管控的意见》的重要内容。 1．细节理解题。根据“By 2025 we will set up the basic system for managing the environment in different regions (区域).”可知，到2025年生态环境分区管控制度基本建立。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“to set red lines for the protection of ecosystems, the equality of the environment, and using resources wisely.”可知，建立生态红线的目的是保障生态功能、保护环境质量以及合理利用资源。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“In 2021, China started its first group of national parks, covering more than 230, 000 square kilometers and protecting nearly 30 percent of the country’s important land animals.”可知，中国第一批国家公园面积超过了23万平方千米。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“The new system wants to make sure we manage the ecological environment well, considering the different needs of each region.”可知，不同的区域有不同的环境类型，所以每个区域都要用特定的方法。故选A。 5．主旨大意题。根据“China has plans to follow a specific (特定的) method for protecting the environment and saving the nature, based on rules set by the Chinese Government on March 17, 2024. Here are the highlights (亮点).”可知，本文主要介绍了区域特定环境管理的重点内容。故选C。 D（2024·广东深圳·三模） It has been more than 40 years since anyone has found a Japanese river otter. It is just one of the animals that have been listed as extinct(灭绝) or locally extinct in recent years. But the development of technology could mean that the extinction of other animals is not likely to take place. A huge challenge scientists face is watching endangered animals in order to help them. This is where artificial intelligence (AI) has brought a turning point in the way information on these animals is collected and studied. The Maui dolphin is one of the most valuable and endangered dolphins in the ocean. With a collection of their summer behavior facts, researchers knew that there were just 54 of these mysterious animals living off the coast of New Zealand. However, because of weather conditions, researchers know almost nothing about their winter behavior. After four years of developing and testing, these scientists were able to use a drone(无人机) with AI to watch the dolphins no matter the season. The result was more wild areas provided for them to live. In Zambia’s Kafue National Park, home to more than 6,000 elephants, AI is being used to enhance traditional methods of preventing hunting. Cameras record any boats that try to enter the park. AI immediately notices this activity and warns park guards, who deal with the hunters. In Brazil, AI quickly studied over 150,000 satellite pictures, discovering that the world's largest wetland has lost 74 percent of its surface water, Not until that discoveries did governments realize how serious the situation was. The use of AI has helped to speed action and increase our ability to protect the natural world for the future to come. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By listing numbers. B．By asking a question. C．By comparing opinions. D．By giving an example. 2．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A．Why AI can help. B．When AI can help. C．What AI can help. D．Where AI can help. 3．What does the underlined word “enhance” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Stop. B．Control. C．Improve. D．Compare. 4．What happened when AI was used in Brazil? A．Endangered animal hunting has been stopped. B．Governments began to know it was a big trouble. C．More wild areas were provided as endangered animals’ habitat. D．The world’s largest wetland has lost 74 percent of its surface water. 5．What does the passage want to tell us? A．Nature is safer with the help of AI. B．AI can help scientists in different fields. C．There are many animals that are dying out now. D．AI will be an important technology in the future. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．A 【难度】0.65 【导语】本文主要讲了人工智能可以被用于保护动物和保护大自然，并用相关保护案例进行说明。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“It has been more than 40 years since anyone has found a Japanese river otter. It is just one of the animals that have beenlisted as extinct( 灭绝 ) or locally extinct in recent years”可知，列举了日本40多年来未发现日本水獭的事例来引出全文。故选D。 2．推理判断题。通读第二段内容可知，第二段主要讲了为什么人工智能能方便人们帮助这些濒危动物。故选A。 3．词义猜测题。根据“AI is being used to enhance traditional methods of preventing hunting. Cameras record any boats that try to enter the park. AI immediately notices this activity and warns park guards, who deal with the hunters.”可知，人工智能被用来...传统的防止狩猎的方法。摄像机记录任何试图进入公园的船只。人工智能会立即注意到这一活动并警告公园警卫，然后警卫会处理猎人。故划线单词意为“增强，改善”，与Improve意思相近。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“discovering that the world's largest wetland has lost 74 percent of its surface water, Not until that discoveries did governments realize how serious the situation was.”可知，在巴西，利用人工智能发现世界上最大的湿地已经失去了74%的地表水，故而各国政府才意识到情况有多么严重。故选B。 5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲了人工智能可以被用于保护动物和保护大自然，并用相关保护案例进行说明。故选项A“在人工智能的帮助下，大自然变得更加安全。”为本文的意图。故选A。 题型三 任务型阅读 01（2024·山东滨州·中考真题） 阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容回答问题。 From September to February each year, Dazhong Mountain in Chuxiong, Yunnan is home to more than 50,000,000 migratory birds (候鸟). People used to call the mountain Daqueshan, which means bird-hunting mountain. The villagers used to hunt birds on the mountain. Then one year, they couldn’t hear birds singing. People started to worry if migratory birds would return again. In 1984, the Hongtupo Forest Police Station was set up. The officers worked on the mountain, trying to find migratory birds and stop people from hunting them. The job was really difficult. They might lose their way or meet dangerous animals. The officers also tried to tell villagers the importance of protecting birds and other wild animals. They visited the villagers door to door and helped them with farm work. They even organized activities in schools to get their messages across to children. Now, even children know that birds are to be loved. The mountain is greener, the water is clearer, and more and more animals come to live here. It has become a bird-protecting mountain. Many people have opened bed-and-breakfasts (民宿) for birdwatchers. “The village has changed a lot, and we don’t hunt birds anymore,” people say. Since people have stopped hunting, the police station now mainly works to save injured (受伤的) wildlife. 1．How many migratory birds live on Dazhong Mountain from September to February? 2．What did the villagers on Dazhong Mountain use to do? 3．What danger might the officers face on the mountain? 4．Do the villagers know that birds are to be loved now? 5．What is the theme of this passage? 【答案】1．More than 50,000,000. 2．They used to hunt birds on Dazhong Mountain. 3．They might lose their way or meet dangerous animals. 4．Yes, they do. 5．Environmental protection. 【难度】0.65 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了位于云南楚雄的大中山在环境保护方面发生的变化。过去，大中山附近的村民经常猎杀鸟类，导致鸟儿几乎消失。后来政府采取了一系列措施保护鸟类和野生动物。现在大中山变得山清水秀，成为一座保护鸟儿的山。 1．根据“From September to February each year, Dazhong Mountain in Chuxiong, Yunnan is home to more than 50,000,000 migratory birds (候鸟).”可知，每年9月至2月，有5000多万只候鸟居住在大中山。故填More than 50,000,000. 2．根据“The villagers used to hunt birds on the mountain.”可知，大中山附近的村民过去常常猎杀鸟类。故填They used to hunt birds on Dazhong Mountain. 3．根据“They might lose their way or meet dangerous animals.”可知，他们在山上可能会迷路或者遇到危险的动物。故填They might lose their way or meet dangerous animals. 4．根据“Now, even children know that birds are to be loved.”可知，现在村民们知道鸟儿是值得被爱的。故填Yes, they do. 5．通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了位于云南楚雄的大中山在环境保护方面发生的变化，村民由过去的猎杀鸟类到现在的保护鸟类，体现了环境保护意识的提高，故文章的主题是：环境保护。故填Environmental protection. 02（2024·江苏镇江·中考真题） 根据短文内容在文章后表格中的空白处填入一个最恰当的词，每空一词。 Guarding the Blue Planet Liu loves to teach people to explore the underwater world and lead them to feel the beauty of the sea. Now, he devotes himself to the voluntary work in a community called Better Blue. The volunteers in Better Blue are not only made up of diving coaches like Liu, but also pilots, lawyers, doctors and so on. All of them should have the knowledge of the sea. Every year, 12 million tons of plastic waste flows into the ocean (海洋). Sea animals like turtles often lose their lives because of eating plastic or fishing nets. Even humans on land are influenced because the fish we eat may have harmful plastic particles in their bodies. So the community Better Blue was started in 2017. It hopes to raise marine (海洋的) protection awareness among the public, invite people to protect the endangered sea animals and encourage people to think about how to make the ocean develop in a friendly way. Dive Against Debris is an activity organized by Better Blue to protect the ocean. The activity needs volunteers with greater diving skills. In this project, divers go into the waters and fish out rubbish, which is then separated into different groups. They do this at several fixed locations in the bay area of Shenzhen every month. The work also includes checking which rubbish often appears in the area, doing a research on why this kind of rubbish is the most and making suggestions to reduce the pollution. Marine protected to collecting rubbish. It also includes marine protection education. On weekdays, Liu volunteers to teach children marine protection in local schools. Volunteers like him teach marine science to make children realize that land- based rubbish can also pollute the ocean. Researchers from local universities also take part in such activities. With diving becoming popular, people are more willing to learn about marine protection. They come with their equipment, div e into the waters, get to know the underwater world and protect it. Liu is not only a diving 34 , but also a volunteer in Better Blue. Volunteers of Better Blue do different jobs and they are 35 to have the knowledge of the sea. The introduction to Better Blue The reasons why it was started: ▶Plastic waste flows into the ocean. ▶Sea animals like turtles often 36 . ▶Fish have plastic particles that are 37 to humans. ▶The 38 of it: ▶To raise marine protection awareness. ▶To invite people to protect the endangered sea animals. ▶To encourage people to 39 the development of the ocean in a friendly way. The activities held by Better Blue Dive Against Debris:▶Volunteers need to have greater diving skills. They fish out rubbish and separate it. ▶Further work: ① checking the kind of the area’s 40 rubbish ② studying why this kind of rubbish is the most ③advising 41 the pollution Marine protection education:▶Volunteers give 42 on marine protection. ▶Researchers take part in marine protection education. With the popularity of diving, people show more 43 in marine protection and take action. 【答案】 1．coach/teacher 2．required/asked/expected 3．die 4．harmful 5．purposes 6．consider 7．common 8．against 9．lessons/classes/talks/speeches 10．interests/interest 【导语】本文介绍了Better Blue社区的志愿者们如何通过各种活动来保护海洋环境。 1．根据“The volunteers in Better Blue are not only made up of diving coaches like Liu, but also pilots, lawyers, doctors and so on.”和“Liu loves to teach people to explore the underwater world”可知，刘是潜水教练/老师。coach“教练”，teacher“老师”。故填coach/teacher。 2．根据“All of them should have the knowledge of the sea.”可知，Better Blue的志愿者们都需要具备海洋知识。be required/asked/expected to do在此处都符合。故填required/asked/expected。 3．根据“Sea animals like turtles often lose their lives because of eating plastic or fishing nets.”可知，像海龟这样的海洋动物经常死亡。die“死亡”，句子是一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形。故填die。 4．根据“Even humans on land are influenced because the fish we eat may have harmful plastic particles in their bodies.”可知，鱼体内的塑料颗粒对人类有害。harmful“有害的”，形容词作表语。故填harmful。 5．根据“It hopes to raise marine (海洋的) protection awareness among the public, invite people to protect the endangered sea animals and encourage people to think about how to make the ocean develop in a friendly way.”可知，Better Blue的目的是提高公众的海洋保护意识，邀请人们保护濒危的海洋动物，并鼓励人们考虑如何以友好的方式发展海洋。purposes“目的”，应用名词复数。故填purposes。 6．根据“encourage people to think about how to make the ocean develop in a friendly way.”可知，Better Blue鼓励人们考虑如何以友好的方式发展海洋。consider“考虑”，动词，空前有动词不定式符号to，动词用原形。故填consider。 7．根据“checking which rubbish often appears in the area”可知，志愿者们会检查该地区常见的垃圾种类。common“常见的”，形容词，作定语。故填common。 8．根据“making suggestions to reduce the pollution”可知，志愿者们会提出减少污染的建议。advise against sth“建议不要做某事、反对做某事”在此处符合语境。故填against。 9． 根据“Liu volunteers to teach children marine protection in local schools.”可知，志愿者们会给孩子们上海洋保护的课/志愿者就海洋保护进行讲座。lesson/class“课程”，talk/speech“演讲”，名词应用复数。故填lessons/classes/talks/speeches。 10．根据“people are more willing to learn about marine protection”可知，随着潜水的普及，人们对海洋保护表现出更多的兴趣。interest“兴趣”，名词，使用单数或复数皆可。故填interest(s)。 题型四 阅读还原 01（2024·山东枣庄·三模） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入各小题横线上的最佳选项。 The world is getting hotter, and there are more and more extreme (极端的) weather events because of climate change. 1 Even though Africa only produces a little bit of greenhouse gas that leads to climate change, it’s getting hurt a lot. Countries across Africa are paying a heavy price for the top polluters in other parts of the world. 2 They are grasslands, deserts, and wetlands (湿地). There’s also a big rainforest called the Congo Basin. 3 But now, because of climate change, all these ecosystems (生态系统) are in trouble. 4 You can’t find them anywhere else in the world. But because of the changing climate, these animals and plants might disappear (消失). It’s hard to deal with these problems because it will cost a lot of money. 5 People are working on a big project called the Great Green Wall to stop deserts from getting big, and they are doing better than expected. A．But there’s some good news. B．They help stop a lot of pollution. C．Africa has special ecosystems. D．Africa is more than just a natural zoo. E．Africa is home to lots of special animals and plants. F．This causes a lot of problems for the countries in Africa. G．But there’s some bad news. 【答案】1．F 2．C 3．B 4．E 5．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了极端的天气对非洲国家带来的影响，人们正在致力于一项名为“绿色长城”的大项目，以阻止沙漠变大。 1．根据“The world is getting hotter, and there are more and more extreme (极端的) weather events because of climate change. ”及“Even though Africa only produces a little bit of greenhouse gas that leads to climate change”可知，此处应提到极端的天气对非洲国家的影响，F选项“这给非洲国家带来了很多问题”符合，故选F。 2．根据“They are grasslands, deserts, and wetlands”可知，此处提到了一些生态系统，C选项“非洲有特殊的生态系统”符合，故选C。 3．根据“They are grasslands, deserts, and wetlands (湿地). There’s also a big rainforest called the Congo Basin. ”可知，此处应提到生态系统对环境的帮助，B选项“他们帮助阻止了很多污染”符合，故选B。 4．根据“You can’t find them anywhere else in the world. But because of the changing climate, these animals and plants might disappear”可知，此处提到了“动植物”，E选项“非洲是许多特殊动植物的家园”符合，故选E。 5．根据“It’s hard to deal with these problems because it will cost a lot of money. ”及“People are working on a big project called the Great Green Wall to stop deserts from getting big, and they are doing better than expected.”可知，虽然很难解决这些问题，但是人们正在致力于一项名为“绿色长城”的大项目，以阻止沙漠变大，这也算一些好消息，A选项“但也有一些好消息”符合，故选A。 02（2024·贵州黔东南·二模） 根据短文内容，从6个选项中选出能分别填入5个小题空白处的最佳选项。 Lionfish are beautiful fish. They are also a special kind of troublemaker on the planet. 1 Their numbers have increased greatly in a few years there, and they have already caused plenty of problems for the ecosystem (生态系统). St. Lucia is a Caribbean island where action is being taken against lionfish. 2 Many tourists enjoy diving in order to explore the wonders of the huge coral reefs (珊瑚礁). Unluckily, lionfish eat the local fish that keep the reefs clean and healthy, putting the reefs at risk. 139 Instead of trying to kill lionfish, islanders are turning the lionfish problems to their advantage. They realize that one way to control the population of lionfish is to hunt (猎取) them for sport and business. 3 Although the fish have a very harmful sting (刺), they can be specially prepared so they are safe to eat. And Caribbean cooks are sure to find a way to turn these unwelcome fish into an unforgettable treat. 4 But at least the fish have been kept from reproducing (繁殖) too quickly. The lionfish are still a problem, but the islanders are making the best of a bad situation —and they are making a living from it, too! A．And they also use the fish for food. B．The island is famous for its clear blue waters. C．They cause serious problems in the Caribbean Sea. D．However, the lionfish population has not fallen by much. E．Jobs are provided for fishermen in the protected waters. F．Besides, lionfish often give birth to babies quickly. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．F 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了蓑鲉入侵加勒比海并给当地带来生态危机，然而，当地人积极应对，努力将危机转化为生机。 1．根据“Their numbers have increased greatly in a few years there, and they have already caused plenty of problems for the ecosystem”可知，此处介绍它们对环境造成了威胁，C选项“它们在加勒比海造成了严重的问题”符合，故选C。 2．根据“St. Lucia is a Caribbean island”可知，介绍岛的情况，B选项“这个岛以清澈湛蓝的海水而闻名”符合，故选B。 3．根据“Unluckily, lionfish eat the local fish that keep the reefs clean and healthy, putting the reefs at risk.”可知，此处提到了蓑鲉的情况，F选项“此外，蓑鲉通常产仔很快”符合，故选F。 4．根据“Although the fish have a very harmful sting (刺), they can be specially prepared so they are safe to eat.”可知，此处提到了“鱼”，A选项“他们也把鱼当作食物”符合，故选A。 5．根据“But at least the fish have been kept from reproducing (繁殖) too quickly”可知，but表示转折，一系列的措施并没有减少蓑鲉的数量，D选项“然而，蓑鲉的数量并没有减少多少”符合，故选D。 四、短文填空 01【语法填空】（2024·贵州毕节·三模） 阅读下面短文，在各题空白处填入1个合适的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Birds are building their homes with rubbish, said a new study. The rubbish includes cigarette butts (烟头) 1 plastic bags. A group of European scientists looked into about 35, 000 2 (study) on bird nests (巢). They found that birds have used man-made things in their homes almost everywhere 3 the Earth except Antarctica. Some rubbish seems to be useful. This is why birds like putting it in 4 (they) nests. For example, cigarette butts have some special chemicals (化学物质). So they can keep insects away and protect the baby birds. Plastic bags are 5 (help) in keeping the animals warm, and other hard things, such as paper cards, can make nests stronger. However, in the end, human rubbish may only 6 (bring) more harm to birds. The harmful chemicals in cigarettes hurt the baby birds and they may get sick or have shorter lives, according to 7 scientific study in 2014. Nowadays, the situation is becoming more serious. What’s 8 (bad), if the cigarette still burns when the bird brings it back to its nest, it may set fire to the nest. Pieces of fishing net may also catch birds, and it’s impossible for them 9 (get) out by themselves. If the baby birds eat other kinds of rubbish by accident, they will also get hurt 10 (easy). Our friends in the air are feeling the bad effects of humans polluting the environment. 【答案】 1．and 2．studies 3．on 4．their 5．helpful 6．bring 7．a 8．worse 9．to get 10．easily 【导语】本文主要讲述了许多鸟类正在用人类的垃圾筑巢，这一做法有利有弊。 1．句意：垃圾包括烟头和塑料袋。根据“includes cigarette butts (烟头) … plastic bags”可知，此处烟头和塑料袋之间为并列关系，因此用连词and“和”。故填and。 2．句意：一组欧洲科学家调查了大约35, 000个关于鸟巢的研究。根据“35, 000”并结合所给词可知，study“研究”，为可数名词，此处应用可数名词复数形式，因此用studies。故填studies。 3．句意：他们发现，除了南极洲之外，地球上几乎所有地方的鸟类都在它们的家中使用人造物品。根据“the Earth”可知，此处应指地球上，on the earth“在地球上”。故填on。 4．句意：这就是为什么鸟喜欢把它放在它们的鸟巢里。根据“nests”并结合所给词可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词作定语修饰名词，因此用their“它们的”。故填their。 5．句意：塑料袋有助于动物保暖，而其他坚硬的东西，如纸卡，可以使巢穴更坚固。根据“are”并结合所给词可知，此处应用形容词作表语，helpful“有帮助的”符合语境。故填helpful。 6．句意：然而，最终，人类的垃圾可能只会给鸟类带来更多的伤害。情态动词“may”后接动词原形，因此用bring“带来”。故填bring。 7．句意：2014年的一项科学研究表明，香烟中的有害化学物质会伤害雏鸟，它们可能会生病或寿命缩短。根据“scientific study in 2014”可知，此处泛指“一项科学研究”，scientific为辅音音素开头的单词，因此用不定冠词a。故填a。 8．句意：更糟糕的是，如果鸟把烟叼回巢时烟还在燃烧，可能会把巢点着。根据“What’s … , if the cigarette still burns when the bird brings it back to its nest, it may set fire to the nest.”并结合所给词可知，此处表示更糟糕的是，what’s worse“更糟糕的是”。故填worse。 9．句意：渔网的碎片也可能捕捉到鸟类，它们自己是不可能挣脱出来的。根据“it’s impossible for them … out by themselves”可知，此处为“It is+adj.+for sb. to do sth.”句型，表示“对于某人来说做某事是怎样的”，it为形式主语，真正的主语为to do不定式。故填to get。 10．句意：如果幼鸟不小心吃了其他种类的垃圾，它们也会很容易受伤。根据“they will also get hurt”并结合所给词可知，此处应用副词修饰动词短语get hurt，因此用easily“容易地”。故填easily。 02【语法填空】（2024·贵州黔东南·二模） 阅读下面短文，在各题空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 World Environment Day falls on every June 5. It’s a day to remind people that it’s important to play a part in protecting the environment. According to 1 environment program, we throw out over 2 billion tons of household waste a year all over the world. And the amount (量) of household waste can increase quickly, especially in countries that depend heavily 2 packaging (包装) for products. Many countries deal with 3 (they) waste by simply burning it or putting it underground. These ways are dangerous 4 waste has a bad influence on the environment. So how should you 5 (correct) deal with your household waste? Firstly, before throwing something away, think about whether it can be used again. If your bike is broken, try to fix it up. If you don’t need something 6 (make) of metal anymore, one of the best ways 7 (be) to take it to waste recovery(废品回收). And we encourage you 8 (give) your old books and clothes to people who need them. Secondly, we should develop a good habit of sorting the waste. Usually, there are four different 9 (color) of rubbish bins. The blue is for glass bottles, paper boxes, things that can be recycled; the green is for kitchen waste such as banana or apple peels; the red is for 10 (harm) waste like used batteries,out-of-date drugs; the yellow is for other waste. 【答案】 1．an 2．on 3．their 4．because 5．correctly 6．made 7．is 8．to give 9．colors 10．harmful 【导语】本文讲述了家庭产生的垃圾和如何处理废弃物。 1．句意：根据一个环境项目，我们每年在全世界丢弃超过20亿吨的家庭垃圾。由“According to…environment program”可知，此处应用不定冠词表泛指一个环境项目，environment以元音音素开头。故填an。 2．句意：家庭垃圾的数量可能会迅速增加，特别是在严重依赖产品包装的国家。depend on“依赖”，固定短语。故填on。 3．句意：许多国家处理废物的方法是简单地焚烧或将其埋在地下。由“…waste”可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词，修饰名词waste。故填their。 4．句意：这些方法是危险的，因为废物对环境有不良影响。由“These ways are dangerous…waste has a bad influence on the environment”可知，句子为因果关系，前果后因应用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。 5．句意：那么，你应该如何正确处理生活垃圾呢？分析句子可知，此处应用副词修饰动词短语deal with。故填correctly。 6．句意：如果你不再需要某样金属制品了，最好的方法之一就是把它带到废物回收处。由“If you don’t need something…of metal anymore”可知，此处应用过去分词作后置定语，修饰something。故填made。 7．句意：如果你不再需要某样金属制品了，最好的方法之一就是把它带到废物回收处。one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数“……是……中最……之一”，谓语动词应用单数形式。故填is。 8．句意：我们鼓励你把你的旧书和旧衣服送给需要它们的人。encourage sb. to do sth.“鼓励某人做某事”，固定短语。故填to give。 9．句意：通常，有四种不同颜色的垃圾桶。由“there are four different”可知，此处应用复数形式。故填colors。 10．句意：蓝色是玻璃瓶，纸盒，可以回收的东西；绿色是用来装厨房垃圾的，比如香蕉皮或苹果皮；红色代表有害废物，如废旧电池、过期药品；黄色代表其他废物。分析句子可知，此处应用形容词作定语，修饰名词waste。故填harmful。 03【选词填空】（2024·湖北·中考真题） 阅读短文，从方框中选出恰当的单词并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺、意义完整。每空仅填一词，每词仅用一次。 after; attention; clean; collect; come; first; he; helpful; hold; life Do you believe picking up rubbish has become a world competition? In November of 2023, the first Rubbish Collection World Cup was 1 in Asia. Teams from 21 countries took part in it. According to the rules, each team will have 60 minutes to 2 rubbish as much as possible. Britain finally won the 3 prize. “We hope more people around the world will pay 4 to environmental problems,” said a British team member. When Ken, the founder (创始人) of the competition, was interviewed, he talked about how he 5 up with the idea. Several years ago, he found many sea animals died 6 they ate the rubbish in the sea. So he started to pick up rubbish on 7 way to the beach every morning. “Picking up a piece of rubbish may save a turtle’s (海龟的) 8 . It’s also a good way to keep the beach 9 .” In his eyes, changing people’s thoughts about rubbish was more important. “Picking up rubbish is meaningful and 10 ,” added Ken. “Now, I am glad to hear that lots of people take part in it to protect our environment.” 【答案】 1．held 2．collect 3．first 4．attention 5．came 6．after 7．his 8．life 9．clean 10．helpful 【导语】本文介绍了在亚洲举行的首届垃圾收集世界杯，该赛事的创始人介绍了自己创办该比赛的初衷，并且呼吁更多人能够加入到捡垃圾、保护环境的队伍中来。 1．句意：2023年11月，首届垃圾收集世界杯在亚洲举行。根据“the first Rubbish Collection World Cup was…in Asia”及备选词汇可知，此处缺少谓语动词，指垃圾收集世界杯被举行。hold“举办”，动词。此处是一般过去时的被动语态，结构是be done，故用其过去分词形式。故填held。 2．句意：根据规则，每支队伍将有60分钟的时间尽可能多地收集垃圾。根据“each team will have 60 minutes to…rubbish”及备选词汇可知，此处指收集垃圾。collect“收集”，动词，此处是不定式作后置定语，故空格处用动词原形。故填collect。 3．句意：英国最终获得了一等奖。根据“Britain finally won the…prize.”及备选词汇可知，此处指英国在比赛中获得了一等奖。the first prize“一等奖”。故填first。 4．句意：我们希望全世界有更多的人关注环境问题。此处是动词短语pay attention to“关注”。故填attention。 5．句意：当竞赛的创始人肯接受采访时，他谈到了自己是如何想出这个主意的。此处是动词短语come up with“想出”。时态是一般过去时，come用其过去式。故填came。 6．句意：几年前，他发现许多海洋动物在吃了海里的垃圾后死亡。根据“he found many sea animals died…they ate the rubbish in the sea”及备选词汇可知，此处缺少连词，指海洋动物在吃了海洋垃圾之后死亡，故用after“在……之后”连接。故填after。 7．句意：所以他开始每天早上在去海滩的路上捡垃圾。此处是短语on one’s way to“在某人去……的路上”，故用he的形容词性物主代词his，作定语修饰way。故填his。 8．句意：捡一个垃圾可以救一只海龟的命。根据“Picking up a piece of rubbish may save a turtle’s…”及备选词汇可知，此处指捡一个垃圾可以救一只海龟的生命。life“生命”，其前有a修饰，用其单数形式。故填life。 9．句意：这也是保持海滩清洁的好方法。根据“It’s also a good way to keep the beach…”及备选词汇可知，捡垃圾可以保持海滩清洁。clean“干净的”，形容词作宾补。故填clean。 10．句意：捡垃圾既有意义又有帮助。根据“Picking up rubbish is meaningful and…”及备选词汇可知，捡垃圾既有意义又有帮助。helpful“有帮助的”，形容词，作表语。故填helpful。 04【首字母填空】（2024·广东广州·二模） 阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。答卷时，要求写出完整单词。 Every day, we do many things like watching TV, going online, and playing video games. These activities use a lot of energy, which is r 1 harmful to our Earth. To help the Earth, people around the world do an activity called Earth Hour. It e 2 people to turn off all unneeded lights for one hour on the last Saturday of March. Earth Hour started in Australia in 2007 and has s 3 to over 190 countries. It aims to draw attention to the importance of saving energy to protect our Earth. Besides switching off lights, there are other ways to join in Earth Hour. The Earth Hour website gives useful suggestions like reading about the environment, living a greener life, or going for a nature walk. Every little thing we do can make a c 4 . Let’s try our best to make our Earth a b 5 place to live on than before! Would you like to join us? 【答案】1．(r)eally 2．(e)ncourages 3．(s)pread 4．(c)hange 5．(b)etter 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了“地球一小时”活动及其意义。 1．句意：这些活动消耗大量的能量，这对我们的地球是有害的。根据“These activities use a lot of energy, which is r... harmful to our Earth.”可知，这些活动真地对我们的地球是有害，really“真地”，修饰形容词，故填(r)eally。 2．句意：它鼓励人们在3月的最后一个星期六关掉所有不需要的灯一小时。根据“It e... people to turn off all unneeded lights for one hour on the last Saturday of March.”可知，是鼓励人们做的事，encourage“鼓励”，主语是it，动词用第三人称单数形式。故填(e)ncourages。 3．句意：“地球一小时”于2007年在澳大利亚开始，并已传播到190多个国家。根据“Earth Hour started in Australia in 2007 and has s... to over 190 countries.”可知，“地球一小时”活动已传播到190多个国家，spread“传播”，此处是现在完成时，动词用过去分词形式。故填(s)pread。 4．句意：我们做的每一件小事都能带来改变。根据“Every little thing we do can make a c...”可知，每一件小事都能带来改变，change“改变”，a修饰可数名词单数。故填(c)hange。 5．句意：让我们尽最大努力使我们的地球成为一个比以前更适合居住的地方！根据“Let’s try our best to make our Earth a b... place to live on than before!”可知，我们尽最大努力使地球成为一个比以前更适合居住的地方，better“更好的”，作定语修饰place。故填(b)etter。 题型五 书面表达 1．（2024·湖南衡阳·一模）许多城市正在进行创文创卫工作，作为中学生，我们每个人都应该为此尽一份力。请你根据以下提示写一篇倡议书，呼吁全校同学保护环境。 要点：1. 保护环境的重要性。 2. 措施：不坐小汽车，步行或乘坐公交车上学；离开教室时关灯；平时节约用水，购物时用可回收利用袋，不用塑料袋；不乱扔垃圾…… 3. 号召同学们积极参与到保护环境中来。 4. 词数：80词左右，文章开头已经给出，但不计入总词数。 关键词：environment, instead of, take an active part in, protect Hello, everyone, The earth is our only home ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Hello, everyone, The earth is our only home, so it is of great importance to protect the environment. As teenagers, there are a lot of things we can do to protect it. First, we can help clean the park or school once a week. Second, we should save water in our daily life. Third, we should take a bus, ride a bike or walk to school. Fourth, we should use paper bags instead of plastic bags when shopping. Let’s get together and take action to protect the environment. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，要求根据提示内容进行写作，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，介绍保护环境的重要性； 第二步，具体介绍应该怎么做； 第三步，书写结语。 [亮点词汇] ①be of great importance 重要的 ②a lot of 许多 ③instead of 而不是 ④get together 一起 [高分句型] ①As teenagers, there are a lot of things we can do to protect it.（省略引导词的定语从句） ②Let’s get together and take action to protect the environment.（并列句） 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$