Unit 5 Working the Land 词汇课件-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册

Words and Expressions U5 Working the Land 1 Our class is comprised of thirty students, most of whom come from the countryside in poverty. Deep down, all of us envision ourselves attaining respectful jobs in urban cities in the near future.Dreams rooted in our hearts, we work hard and devote ourselves to our study all days.We are greatly convinced that only if we spare no effort to work can we broaden our vision and boost our ability to tackle crises. We learn by combining conventional learning methods with modern ones to expand our knowledge so as to output what we have learned in the future. Certainly, it is essential that we shouldn’t yield to difficulties. Indeed, too much homework tends to generate much strain and we will be overcome with anxiety when not digesting what we are taught, but we have alternative methods to alleviate our frustration. For instance, we can relax ourselves in leisure time. Besides, keeping a nutritious diet is also essential even though we have a shortage of money. On the assumption that we always have such an intense and widespread interest in study, it is estimated that we can put our dreams into reality, which in turn can enable us to live a better life. As a witness to farmers’ poor harvests and even a severe _________ of food, Yuan Longping was determined to _____ his life to ______ this crisis. After graduation, he realised that what farmers needed most was to boost yields in the fields. Yuan ___ ________ that the answer lay in the creation of hybrid rice, one characteristic of which is that it usually achieves higher output than __________ crops. However, it was no easy job. The first difficulty he needed to _______ was scientists’ general _________ that this could not be done. Through _____ effort, Yuan managed to ______ this incredible crop. It is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is ________ of crops generated from Yuan’s hybrid strains. His innovation has enabled Chinese farmers to considerably _____ their output and helped feed the world. Unwilling to retire early to a life of _____ and unconcerned about ______ or fortune, Yuan continued to turn one _____ after another into realities. was devote shortage tackling convinced conventional overcome assumption intense generate comprised expand leisure celebrity vision 华特 • 迪士尼（Walt Disney，1901年12月5日—1966年12月15日），出生于美国伊利诺伊州芝加哥，美国著名的动画大师、企业家、导演、制片人、编剧、配音演员、卡通设计者、举世闻名的迪士尼公司创始人。华特 • 迪士尼获得了56个奥斯卡奖提名和7个艾美奖，是世界上获得奥斯卡奖最多的人。 Indeed, his slim but strong body was just like that of millions of Chinese farmers, to whom he had devoted his life. be lost in focus on be absorbed in be involved in be engaged in 写作同义异构：除了devote oneself to 你还能想到哪些表示 “专注于/ 致力于做某事”的表达？ concentrate on be dedicated to be committed to 袁隆平致力于杂交水稻的研究，受到世人的尊敬。 Yuan Longping devoted himself to studying hybrid rice and he was respected by people all over the world. → ，Yuan Longping was respected by people all over the world.(用现在分词短语作状语改写) → ，Yuan Longping was respected by people all over the world. (用形容词短语作状语改写) Devoting himself to studying hybrid rice Devoted to studying hybrid rice 应用文写作之介绍人物 to为介词的短语： object to 反对 contribute to 有助于；为……做贡献 lead to 导致；促成 look forward to 期待；盼望 pay attention to 注意 be/get used to 习惯于 stick to 坚持 the approach to .....的方法或途径 the key to ......的答案或者关键 Yuan was convinced that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice. So convincing is your speech that I’m convinced that all students will benefit a lot from it. We should convince the students of the need of wide reading. I hope I can convince you to stop by and visit us in New York. convince sb of/ that sth 使某人确信/明白某事 convince sb to do sth 说服某人做某事 be convinced (that...)/of...(某人)坚信…… convince sb. of sth. accuse sb. of sth. cure sb. of sth. inform sb. of sth. cheat sb. of sth. persuade sb. of sth. warn sb. of sth. remind sb. of sth. 常用v. + sb. +of + sth.类型总结 应用文写作之申请信 I am greatly convinced that I am qualified for this job and I will try my best to perform my duties if I am lucky enough to get the position. 我深信我能胜任这份工作，如果有幸得到这个职位，我将尽最大努力履行职责。 应用文写作之推荐信 我相信李华有能力胜任这项工作，所以我写信向您推荐他。 Convinced that Li Hua has the ability to do the job, I am writing to recommend him to you. 我坚信，通过这次讲座，我们不仅可以了解中国文学，而且可以提高我们对中国传统文化的兴趣。 I’m firmly convinced that through the lecture not only can we get the hang of Chinese literature，but also we can boost our interest in traditional Chinese culture. 应用文写作之活动报道 attain a good mark 获得好的分数 attain one's goals 达到某人的目标 After his graduation he returned and attained the degree of civil engineering. 微写作 Only by possessing a good state of mind can you attain success． ①只有拥有良好的心态，你才能获得成功。(倒装） Still greater efforts are needed before we can attain our goal． ②要达到我们的目标，我们还需要作出更大的努力(被动) on the assumption that...假定…… It is generally assumed that...人们普遍认为…… assuming (that)...假设…… We are working on the assumption that everyone invited will turn up. In a year's time, assuming no increase in food intake, you could lose ten pounds. Assuming that/On the assumption that I am chosen to be chairman of the Student Union, I will organize more colorful after-class activities to enrich our school life. 假如我被选为学生会主席，我将组织更多丰富多彩的课外活动以丰富我们的学校生活。 翻译句子： People assume that drinking Chinese tea can not only refresh ourselves but also strengthen our memory. →_____________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________ It is generally assumed that not only can drinking Chinese tea refresh ourselves but also it can strengthen our memory. (it作形式主语和倒装句改写) In Wickenden’s book, she expanded on the history of the West and also on feminism, which of course influenced the girls’ decision to go to Elkhead. 我们老师在班会上进一步说明了这个活动的细节。(强调句） It was at the class meeting that our teacher expanded on the details of the activity. 我们上周五参加了一个志愿者活动，该活动开阔了我们的视野(定从) We took part in a voluntary activity last Friday, which expanded our horizons. expand on/upon详细阐述；详述 expand one's knowledge/horizons 拓展知识/开阔视野 微写作 一句多译：学习小组由六名学生组成。 The study group is comprised of six students. The study group is made up of six students. The study group is composed of six students. The study group consists of six students. This affects the crops grown on the land and, in turn, the animals and humans who digest them. When it was my turn to give a speech, I was too excited to speak. My brothers and I took turns to take care of our mother. What made me ashamed was that it turned out that I failed in the exam again. They took care of their sick mother by turns. When in trouble, I often turn to my father. by turns轮流 take turns to do sth 轮流做某事 It is one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事。 turn out结果是；生产；制造 turn out sb 向……求助 应用文写作之建议信 一方面，它不仅有助于我们强身健体，还相应地帮助我们更有效地学习。For one thing, not only does it help to build up our health, but it also helps us to learn more effectively in turn． 古代希腊哲学家认为世间除了常见的水、火、土、气等四种物质外，还存在第五种物质 (quinta essential)，第五种物质是万物之精华，弥漫在所有其他物质中，是将四种物质有机组合的最重要因素。essential 词源义为“本质的”。 Sun and water are essential to the growth of crops. It is essential for us to set our goal realistically. In essence, a firm belief is the key to success of revolution. be essential to/for 对……是不可缺少的 It is essential for sb. to do sth. = It is essential that...(should) do sth做....是重要的 ③ In essence从本质上讲 替代能源”（alternative energy） On the assumption that you are available, I can come to your house, or alternatively, we can meet in the town. I have no alternative but to report him to the police. We decided to make an alternative plan at last. have no alternative but to do sth 别无选择只好做某事 an alternative to...……的替代品  三个词中，alternative 最正式，choice 较 option 稍非正式。 同： option, choice 或 alternative 均可表示可选择的事物。 异： alternative 较常用以指两个选择，后可接介词 to 表示选择权或选择的自由时最常用 choice，也可用 option，但不用alternative option 也指计算机程序里的选项、选择 You can be paid in cash weekly or by cheque monthly; those are the two alternatives. Do I have a choice of what color to paint my room? 【辨析】alternative, choice, option adj. deep high wide long strong broad n. depth height width length strength breadth v. deepen heighten widen lengthen strengthen broaden 1. I haven’t looked at the report in depth yet. 2. Their friendship soon deepened into love. 3. When her son got disabled in the accident, she was in the depths of despair. 4. She was deeply moved by the movie. at a depth of...在……的深度 in depth深入地；全面地 注：root 由植物等的“根”，衍生到问题的“根源 ”。 Tree roots 树根 root words 词根 root cause 根本原因 We got to the root of the problem. Modern pop music has its roots in the folk songs of black Americans. Tai chi is deeply rooted in the Chinese philosophy of yin and yang. the root of the problem 问题的根源 has its roots in=be rooted in根源在于 一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。 1. The two systems differ in many respects. ___________ 2. I’m afraid I differ with you on that question. ___________ 二、根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子形式。 1. The findings of the studies _____________________（大不相同）. 2. It is obvious that his views ______________________________（不同于）those of his parents. 不同 differ / vary greatly / widely differ 意见不一致 differ from / are different from 形容词后缀 -y 形容词后缀-y 可加在名词后构成形容词，意为“充满……的 (full of)”或“有……特质的 (characterised by)”。 salt（盐）+ -y → salty adj water（水）+ -y → watery adj smoke（烟）+ -y → smoky adj mud（泥）+ -y → muddy adj blood（血）+ -y → bloody adj rose（玫瑰）+ -y → rosy adj silk（丝绸）+ -y → silky adj sleep（睡眠）+ -y → sleepy adj 咸的 / 含盐的 充满水的 / 与水有关的 烟雾弥漫的 / 冒出大量烟的 沾满泥的 / 泥泞的 血淋淋的 / 流血的 美好的 丝绸一样的 困倦的 / 瞌睡的 前缀 ex- 前缀 ex- 意为“out”， 因此以此类词缀开头的单词大多都含有 _________ 之意。 ex- + tens (to stretch) + -ion → extension n ex- + tract (to draw) → extract v ex- + port (to carry) → export v ex- + it (to go) → exit n ex- + pand (to spread, stretch) → expand v ex- + press (to press) → express v ex- + pect (to look) → expect v ex- + pose (to place) → expose v 延伸；扩大；扩建部分 提取；提炼；拔出 出口 出口；通道；退出 扩展；扩大；（使）膨胀 表达 期望；预料；等待 使暴露；揭露；使面临；使接触 向外 分词形容词 用所给单词的正确形式填空。 1. I am pretty ____________ (convince) that a wise choice makes perfect.（2014 上海） 2. The match was postponed to the ____________ (follow) Saturday because of bad weather. 3. A parking lot is seen packed with tens of thousands of ____________ (share) bikes belonging to the Chinese bike-sharing firm Mobike. 4. The expert expects the unemployment figures to rise even higher in the ____________ (come) months. 5. You can ask anyone for help. Everyone here is ____________ (will) to lend you a hand.（2014 安徽） convinced 很多动词的 -ed形式和 -ing 形式已经成为独立词条，称作分词形容词。其中有一类分词形容词，如动词的___________形式表示主动关系；动词的___________形式表示被动关系。 -ed -ing following shared coming willing “it is + 动词 -ed + that 从句”结构 根据所给汉语及提示，用适当的词块完成下列句子。 1. In 2010, ______________________________（据估算）about 400 village shops closed.（2014 上海改） 2. _________________________（普遍认为）people act the way they do because of their personalities and attitudes.（2014 重庆）(believe) 3. ____________________（人们常说）the joy of travelling is not in arriving at your destination but in the journey itself.（2008 江苏） 4. ____________________（据报道）a space station will be built on the moon in years to come.（2015 安徽改） 5. ____________________ （一致同意）we should hold another meeting. it was estimated / calculated that It is generally believed that It is often said that It is reported that It is / was agreed that 随堂检测 devote 一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1. She devoted herself her career. 2. In real life the star of the film is a (devote) husband and father. 3. Her (devote) to the job left her with very little free time. 二、根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。 1. If I become a teacher, I will （全身心地投入） giving them a better education. 2. He has （将一生奉献给）world peace. 3. Tom said that he （深爱着）his family. devote myself to was devoted to devoted his whole life to to devoted devotion 写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。 1. This new technique will boost food production. ________ 2. The publication of this book boosts my confidence. ________ 3. We need a holiday to boost our spirits. ________ 4. This will be a great boost to the economy. ________ 5. Getting the job gave him a terrific（极好的）boost. ________ boost 提高 增强 激发 推动 鼓舞 convince 一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1. He managed to convince the jury（陪审团） his innocence（清白）. 2. I’ve been trying to convince him (see) a doctor. 3. Scientists are convinced the positive effect of laughter on physical and mental health. 二、根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成句子。 It’s useless trying to_________________________________________ _________________（使她相信自己不需要减肥）. of to see of convince her that she doesn’t need to lose any weight overcome 根据所给提示，将下列句子译成英语。 1. 要不是老师们的支持，我无法克服这个困难。（2017 江苏） Were it not for the support of the teachers, _____________________________________________. 2. 她终于克服了上课时的羞怯。(manage) ______________________________________________________ 3. 她激动得难以自持，有好几分钟说不出话来。(emotion) _____________________________, she found herself unable to speak for a few minutes. I could not overcome the difficulty Overcome with / by emotion Eventually she managed to overcome her shyness in class. 一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1. The earthquake caused damage to property _________ (estimate) at $6 million. 2. At ________ rough estimate, Nigeria is three times the size of Great Britain. 二、根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。 1. To our disappointment, only about 1,000 finless porpoise（中国长江江豚）_______________________________（被估计仍然存活）at present. （2013 重庆） 2. ____________________（据估计）there are about 5,000 — 7,500 humpback whales（座头鲸）worldwide.（2011 上海） a are estimated to be still living It is estimated that estimate estimated extension 写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。 1. They are hoping to get an extension of their loan. ___________ 2. We’re building an extension to our house. ___________ 3. When you call, ask for extension 3276. ___________ 分机 延长 扩建部分 digest 写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。 1. Cheese doesn’t digest easily. ___________ 2. They learn well but seem to need time to digest information. ___________ 3. All this has upset me. I need time to digest it all. ___________ 4. I read only this digest of the novel. ___________ 5. The president started reading the press digest over breakfast. ___________ 6. Porridge（粥）is good for digestion. ___________ 7. It can be said that happiness is a kind of attitude, feeling and digestion. ___________ 承受；消化 摘要 新闻摘要 消化 理解；领会 领悟 消化 essential 将下列句子译成英语。 1.均衡的饮食对于健康至关重要。 ___________________________________________ 2. 我们必须尽快作出决定。 ___________________________________________ 3. 提前预定是有必要的。 ___________________________________________ A balanced diet is essential for good health. It is essential that we make a decision as soon as possible . It is essential to book in advance. alternative 一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。 1. The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical（天文的）incidents. But alternative explanations are hard to find.（2017 江苏） ___________ 2. I was a student who went on alternative break trips, and had my life totally transformed by that experience.（2011 天津） ___________ 非传统假期旅行 别的解释 二、根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。 1. If we expect people to give up the habit of driving, we must give them ___________________________（他们能够信赖的替代物）. （2014 山东） 2. Do you have ______________________________________ （解决这个问题的其他方法）in your mind? 3. Facing energy crisis, more new __________________________（替代能源）is needed to search for. 4. I’m afraid ______________________________________（我别无他法，只有让你离开）. 5. __________________________（除了咖啡有没有其他选择）on the menu? (n) an alternative they can rely on an alternative method of solving the problem alternative energy Is there an alternative to coffee I have no alternative but to ask you to leave root 一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。 1. Tree roots drink a lot of water, so remember to water what you plant. _____ 2. “Walk” is the root of “walks”, “walked”, “walking” and “walker”. ________ 3. We need to get to the root of the problem before we can solve it._________ 4. Desert elephants seldom root up trees and break fewer branches, and thus maintain what little food sources are available. _________ 二、根据所给词块，将句子译成英语。 爵士乐起源于美国南部各州的民歌。(has its roots in sth) _____________________________________________________________ 树根 连根拔起 Jazz has its roots in the folk songs of the southern states of the US. 词根 根源 Devoted to studying hybrid rice,Yuan Longping was respected by people all over the world. I am greatly convinced that I am qualified for this job and I will try my best to perform my duties if I am lucky enough to get the position. Convinced that Li Hua has the ability to do the job, I am writing to recommend him to you. I’m firmly convinced that through the lecture not only can we get the hang of Chinese literature，but also we can boost our interest in traditional Chinese culture. Only by possessing a good state of mind can you attain success． Assuming that/On the assumption that I am chosen to be chairman of the Student Union, I will organize more colorful after-class activities to enrich our school life. For one thing, not only does it help to build up our health, but it also helps us to learn more effectively in turn． 袁隆平致力于杂交水稻研究，深受全球人民敬仰。 我深信自己完全胜任此职，若能有幸得到这个职位，我会竭尽全力履行职责。 鉴于李华具备胜任该工作的能力，我写信向您推荐他。 我坚信通过这次讲座，我们不仅能掌握中国文学的精髓，还能增进对中国传统文化的兴趣。 只有保持良好的心态，才能取得成功。 假设/如果我被选为学生会主席，我将组织更多丰富多彩的课外活动来丰富我们的校园生活。 首先，这不仅有助于我们的身体健康，还能反过来提高我们的学习效率。 Lavf59.14.100 Lavf59.14.100 Lavf59.14.100 $$