Unit 1 Science and Scientists Discovering Useful Structures 分层练习 -【大单元教学】高中英语同步备课系列(人教版2019选择性必修第二册）

Unit 1　Science and Scientists Period 2 Discovering Useful Structures 培优层级1——基础多维巩固 ●Ⅰ 系动词巩固练习 ( )1.The story sounds___________. A. to be true B. as true C. being true D. true ( )2.Those oranges taste________. A. good B. well C. to be good D. to be well ( )3.John _____driver since two months ago. A.became a B.has become a C.has turned D.has been a ( )4.-Can I join the club, Dad. -You can when you _________a bit older. A. get B. will get C. get D. will have got ( )5.How happy it____for me to be home again after ten years abroad! A.gives B.feels C.is felt D.is given ( )6.I love to go to the seaside on Summer. It_____ good to lie in the sun or swim in the cool sea. A. does B. feels C. gets D. makes ( )7. The new shirt______ right. A.doesn’t feel B.isn’t felt C.isn’t feeling D.doesn’t touch ( )8.Why don’t you put the meat in the fridge? It will _____ for several days. A. be stayed B. stay C. be staying D. have stayed ( )9.What you have said_______. A.is sounded interesting B sounds interesting C.sound interested D.listens interested ( )10.The class begins. Please keep________. A.silent B.silence C.the silence D.silently ●Ⅱ 完成句子 1．简再也不是十年前的那个样子了。 Jane is no longer _______________________________________ ten years ago. 2．我获悉了你对英语校报的改革方案，那就是为什么我写信发表我自己观点的原因。 I read about your reform of the school English newspaper，and that's _______________________． 3．问题是他们是否能帮我们。 The question is _______________________________________． 4．那是因为他没有理解我。 That was _______________________________________． 5．事实就是我们队已经赢得了比赛。 The fact is _______________________________________． ●Ⅲ 语法填空 1.Nowadays the priority for travelling _____(shift) from shopping to food and scenery. 2.A ship in harbor is safe, but that is not _____ ships are built for. 3.The question is _____ Tom will reach the Great Wall on a stormy day, by bus or by taxi. 4.The problem I have been worrying about is ____ we can finish the project on time. 5.The puzzle of the librarian was _____ wallet it was and how to return it. 6.Monday is _____ students should prepare for school and get down to studying hard. 7.The school laboratory is _____ the experiment should be conducted to confirm what we have learned. 8.I've just read a moving story. That's _____ my face is bathed in tears. 9.From space, the earth looks blue. This is _____ about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water. 10.Our country is developing at an amazing speed, and this is ________ makes me feel so proud. ●Ⅳ 在下列句子中的主语从句下划线，并且指出引导词是否充当成分，充当什么成分 1. The fact is that he doesn’t really try. 2. The problem is who we can get to replace her. 3. My idea is that we should start making preparations right now. 4. The question is whether the film is worth seeing. 5. You are not who I thought you were. 6. What I want to know is which road we should take. 7. The problem is how we can find him. 8. That’s where I first met her. 9. China is no longer what she used to be.    10. That’s why he didn’t come. 11. That was when I was fifteen. 12. The question remains whether they will be able to help us. 13. That’s what we are here for.   14. It is because I love you too much. 15. That’s because you can’t appreciate music. 培优层级2 ——多维训练提能 Ⅰ.阅读理解 It’s January and time to go back to school. For some, that might be a gloomy prospect after the joys of the post Christmas festive period. For me, though, it’s as exciting as a trip to Antarctica, also as scary as starting a job for which I’m not sure I’m qualified. To be embarking on a master’s degree in Psychotherapy and Counselling at Regent’s University in London at 71 is perhaps an unlikely route for someone who dropped out of school aged 17．But now I’ve come full circle to the conclusion that nothing, for me, feels more stimulating at this point in my life than learning new things. That studying, far from being the bore and the chore it used to be, is a treat. Turning 70 came as something of a shock. I started to feel I was drifting. Without a big project, and without any major family responsibilities, I was starting to feel I was lying on a bed of thorns. Friends of similar age are lapping up their lives, socializing and travelling. However, I longed for something more. Or perhaps not more, but different. As the gloom grew, I thought perhaps I needed to see a therapist. A friend, a psychotherapist, suggested that while therapy might be useful, doing a course on the basics of counselling and psychotherapy might be more up my street. Without too much thinking, I decided to give it a shot. So that’s how every weekday I beep （发出哔哔声） myself through the gate with my student pass, which makes me smile every time. I feel privileged to be exposed to a group of my fellow students who are willing to be open to me. While ageing is an inevitable process, we can get rid of a lot of the rules about what’s age- appropriate. Studying for a masters degree in old age is a challenge, but it has provided me with a new perspective on life. Hence, ageing should never limit your ambitions. 24．How did the author feel when going back to school? A．Unrealistic. B．Resistant. C．Awkward. D．Eager. 25．Why did turning 70 come as a shock to the author? A．She lived without a purpose. B．She achieved nothing before. C．She had to support her family. D．She was separated by her fellows. 26．What is the author’s suggestion when facing ageing? A．Seeking support if needed. B．Keeping your passions alive. C．Behaving age- appropriately. D．Socializing with young students. 27．What can be the best title for the text? A．Returning To School— My Dream Since Childhood B．My Efforts To Learn At An unlikely Age Paying Off C．Learning— My Way To Overcome The Ageing Crisis D．My Tough Journey To Pursuing Of A Master’s Degree Ⅱ.七选五 Signs That You Are Growing Growing is a lifelong process. Here are the signs that show that you are actually growing and not getting stuck in the process. ____36____ Often, we see how badly people look when they get overly upset due to unimportant things. So the first sign of maturity (成熟) is letting the small things go and not getting angry over a tiny detail that didn’t go as you planned. You start forgiving and understanding other people When we are young, we are often unforgiving. As we mature, we are better able to understand the world beyond black and white. ____37____. It enables us to look beyond the obvious and let go of simple judgments. We begin to understand better that others have complex (复杂的) lives and personalities, and so we become more willing to forgive their mistakes. You always complete things that matter Immature people don’t know when to commit (承诺) themselves and their energy or resources are always not well employed. ____38____. In this way, they can often keep their promises and honor their commitments. You accept the possibility of being wrong ____39____. They are always able to accept the possibility that they are wrong, that they don’t know something, because there is always more to learn. Being mature is knowing that you are always growing up. You are never done learning and developing. This means that you don’t set yourself up as the highest authority. ____40____. A. You follow the crowd B. You let the small things go C. Instead, mature people focus on completing things that matter D. Immature and mature people can both have plans for their lives E. Rather, you open your mind to other ideas and new possibilities F. Becoming more understanding is a sign of strength, not weakness G. Mature people appear more confident, however, they are not overconfident Ⅲ.应用文写作 你校正在开展“向民族英雄学习”的活动。请你给学校英语报写一篇短文，谈谈你“心中的民族英雄”内容包括： 1. 英雄人物简介； 2. 成为你心中英雄的原因； 3. 向英雄学习。 注意：1. 词数 100 左右； 2. 短文题目与首句已写好，不计入总词数。 The National Hero In My Heart As we know, most people have a national hero or heroes in their hearts. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1　Science and Scientists Period 2 Discovering Useful Structures 培优层级1——基础多维巩固 ●Ⅰ 系动词巩固练习 ( )1.The story sounds___________. A. to be true B. as true C. being true D. true ( )2.Those oranges taste________. A. good B. well C. to be good D. to be well ( )3.John _____driver since two months ago. A.became a B.has become a C.has turned D.has been a ( )4.-Can I join the club, Dad. -You can when you _________a bit older. A. get B. will get C. get D. will have got ( )5.How happy it____for me to be home again after ten years abroad! A.gives B.feels C.is felt D.is given ( )6.I love to go to the seaside on Summer. It_____ good to lie in the sun or swim in the cool sea. A. does B. feels C. gets D. makes ( )7. The new shirt______ right. A.doesn’t feel B.isn’t felt C.isn’t feeling D.doesn’t touch ( )8.Why don’t you put the meat in the fridge? It will _____ for several days. A. be stayed B. stay C. be staying D. have stayed ( )9.What you have said_______. A.is sounded interesting B sounds interesting C.sound interested D.listens interested ( )10.The class begins. Please keep________. A.silent B.silence C.the silence D.silently ●Ⅱ 完成句子 1．简再也不是十年前的那个样子了。 Jane is no longer _______________________________________ ten years ago. 2．我获悉了你对英语校报的改革方案，那就是为什么我写信发表我自己观点的原因。 I read about your reform of the school English newspaper，and that's _______________________． 3．问题是他们是否能帮我们。 The question is _______________________________________． 4．那是因为他没有理解我。 That was _______________________________________． 5．事实就是我们队已经赢得了比赛。 The fact is _______________________________________． ●Ⅲ 语法填空 1.Nowadays the priority for travelling _____(shift) from shopping to food and scenery. 2.A ship in harbor is safe, but that is not _____ ships are built for. 3.The question is _____ Tom will reach the Great Wall on a stormy day, by bus or by taxi. 4.The problem I have been worrying about is ____ we can finish the project on time. 5.The puzzle of the librarian was _____ wallet it was and how to return it. 6.Monday is _____ students should prepare for school and get down to studying hard. 7.The school laboratory is _____ the experiment should be conducted to confirm what we have learned. 8.I've just read a moving story. That's _____ my face is bathed in tears. 9.From space, the earth looks blue. This is _____ about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water. 10.Our country is developing at an amazing speed, and this is ________ makes me feel so proud. ●Ⅳ 在下列句子中的主语从句下划线，并且指出引导词是否充当成分，充当什么成分 1. The fact is that he doesn’t really try. 2. The problem is who we can get to replace her. 3. My idea is that we should start making preparations right now. 4. The question is whether the film is worth seeing. 5. You are not who I thought you were. 6. What I want to know is which road we should take. 7. The problem is how we can find him. 8. That’s where I first met her. 9. China is no longer what she used to be.    10. That’s why he didn’t come. 11. That was when I was fifteen. 12. The question remains whether they will be able to help us. 13. That’s what we are here for.   14. It is because I love you too much. 15. That’s because you can’t appreciate music. 参考答案： Ⅰ.1-5 DADAB 6-10 BABBA Ⅱ.1．Jane is no longer what she was ten years ago. 2．I read about your reform of the school English newspaper，and that's why I'm writing to voice my opinion． 3．The question is whether they will be able to help us． 4．That was because he didn't understand me． 5．The fact is that our team has won the game． Ⅲ.1.答案：is shifted 解析：句意:现在旅行中优先考虑的事已从购物转变为食物和风景。说的是现在的情况,应用一般现在时;主语the priority和shift为被动关系,故使用一般现在时的被动语态。 2.答案：what 解析：句意：船在港内是安全的，但那不是造船的目的。此处what引导的表语从句，what在表语从句中作介词for的宾语。 3.答案：how 解析：句意：问题是汤姆在一个暴风雨的日子里如何到达长城，乘公共汽车还是乘出租车。此处how引导的表语从句。 4.答案：whether 解析：句意：我一直担心的问题是我们能否按时完成这个项目。此处whether引导的表语从句。 5.答案：whose 解析：句意：图书管理员的难题是这钱包是谁的，如何归还。这是whose引导的表语从句，whose在表语从句中作wallet的定语。from zshunj_cn 6.答案：when 解析：句意：星期一是学生们应该准备上学并认真学习的时候。这是when引导的表语从句，when在表语从句中作时间状语。 7.答案：where 解析：句意：学校的实验室是应该进行实验的地方，用来证明我们所学到的东西。这是where引导的表语从句，where在表语从句中作地点状语。 8.答案：why 解析：句意：我刚读了一个感人的故事，那就是我泪流满面的原因。That's why...是固定句式，意为"那就是……的原因"。 9.答案：because 解析：句意：从太空看，地球是蓝色的。这是因为它大约百分之七十一的表面被水覆盖。This is because…是固定句式，意为"这是因为……"。 10.答案：what 解析：考查表语从句。句意:我们的国家正以惊人的速度发展,这让我感到非常自豪。分析句子可知,空格处放在is之后,引导表语从句。从句中缺少主语,表示“什么”,因此用what引导。故填what。 Ⅳ.1.The fact is that he doesn’t really try.(that不做成分) 2. The problem is who we can get to replace her.(who作get的宾语) 3. My idea is that we should start making preparations right now.(that不做成分) 4.The question is whether the film is worth seeing.(whether不做成分) 5.You are not who I thought you were.(who作表语) 6.What I want to know is which road we should take.(which作road 的定语) 7.The problem is how we can find him.(how作状语) 8. That’s where I first met her.(where作状语) 9. China is no longer what she used to be. (what作表语) 10. That’s why he didn’t come. (why作状语) 11. That was when I was fifteen. (when作状语) 12. The question remains whether they will be able to help us.(whether不做成分) 13. That’s what we are here for. (what作for的宾语) 14. It is because I love you too much. (不做成分) 15. That’s because you can’t appreciate music. (不做成分) 培优层级2 ——多维训练提能 Ⅰ.阅读理解 It’s January and time to go back to school. For some, that might be a gloomy prospect after the joys of the post Christmas festive period. For me, though, it’s as exciting as a trip to Antarctica, also as scary as starting a job for which I’m not sure I’m qualified. To be embarking on a master’s degree in Psychotherapy and Counselling at Regent’s University in London at 71 is perhaps an unlikely route for someone who dropped out of school aged 17．But now I’ve come full circle to the conclusion that nothing, for me, feels more stimulating at this point in my life than learning new things. That studying, far from being the bore and the chore it used to be, is a treat. Turning 70 came as something of a shock. I started to feel I was drifting. Without a big project, and without any major family responsibilities, I was starting to feel I was lying on a bed of thorns. Friends of similar age are lapping up their lives, socializing and travelling. However, I longed for something more. Or perhaps not more, but different. As the gloom grew, I thought perhaps I needed to see a therapist. A friend, a psychotherapist, suggested that while therapy might be useful, doing a course on the basics of counselling and psychotherapy might be more up my street. Without too much thinking, I decided to give it a shot. So that’s how every weekday I beep （发出哔哔声） myself through the gate with my student pass, which makes me smile every time. I feel privileged to be exposed to a group of my fellow students who are willing to be open to me. While ageing is an inevitable process, we can get rid of a lot of the rules about what’s age- appropriate. Studying for a masters degree in old age is a challenge, but it has provided me with a new perspective on life. Hence, ageing should never limit your ambitions. 24．How did the author feel when going back to school? A．Unrealistic. B．Resistant. C．Awkward. D．Eager. 25．Why did turning 70 come as a shock to the author? A．She lived without a purpose. B．She achieved nothing before. C．She had to support her family. D．She was separated by her fellows. 26．What is the author’s suggestion when facing ageing? A．Seeking support if needed. B．Keeping your passions alive. C．Behaving age- appropriately. D．Socializing with young students. 27．What can be the best title for the text? A．Returning To School— My Dream Since Childhood B．My Efforts To Learn At An unlikely Age Paying Off C．Learning— My Way To Overcome The Ageing Crisis D．My Tough Journey To Pursuing Of A Master’s Degree 参考答案： B篇：本文是记叙文。作者七十岁退休以后，因生活没有了目标而有危机感。于是，在朋友的建议下，作者决定攻读硕士学位，这让作者有了新的奋斗目标和人生感悟。 24．D【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段和第二段可知，到了返校的时间，作者感到十分兴奋，她觉得学习不再是苦差事，而是一种享受。 25．A【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第二、三句可知，由于没有事情可做，也没有家庭负担，作者开始如坐针毡。 26．B【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，人不能因为年老而没有追求。 27．C【解析】主旨大意题。通读文章可知，作者七十岁退休以后，因生活没有目标而有危机感。于是，在朋友的建议下，作者决定攻读硕士学位，这对作者克服危机感产生了很大的帮助。 Ⅱ.七选五 Signs That You Are Growing Growing is a lifelong process. Here are the signs that show that you are actually growing and not getting stuck in the process. ____36____ Often, we see how badly people look when they get overly upset due to unimportant things. So the first sign of maturity (成熟) is letting the small things go and not getting angry over a tiny detail that didn’t go as you planned. You start forgiving and understanding other people When we are young, we are often unforgiving. As we mature, we are better able to understand the world beyond black and white. ____37____. It enables us to look beyond the obvious and let go of simple judgments. We begin to understand better that others have complex (复杂的) lives and personalities, and so we become more willing to forgive their mistakes. You always complete things that matter Immature people don’t know when to commit (承诺) themselves and their energy or resources are always not well employed. ____38____. In this way, they can often keep their promises and honor their commitments. You accept the possibility of being wrong ____39____. They are always able to accept the possibility that they are wrong, that they don’t know something, because there is always more to learn. Being mature is knowing that you are always growing up. You are never done learning and developing. This means that you don’t set yourself up as the highest authority. ____40____. A. You follow the crowd B. You let the small things go C. Instead, mature people focus on completing things that matter D. Immature and mature people can both have plans for their lives E. Rather, you open your mind to other ideas and new possibilities F. Becoming more understanding is a sign of strength, not weakness G. Mature people appear more confident, however, they are not overconfident 【答案】36. B 37. F 38. C 39. G 40. E 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了四种表明你变得成熟的迹象。 【36题详解】 根据本段内容“Often, we see how badly people look when they get overly upset due to unimportant things. So the first sign of maturity (成熟) is letting the small things go and not getting angry over a tiny detail that didn’t go as you planned.(通常，我们看到人们因为不重要的事情而过度沮丧时的样子是多么糟糕。所以成熟的第一个标志就是让小事过去，不要因为没有按计划进行的小细节而生气)”可知，本段提到“让小事过去，不要因为没有按计划进行的小细节而生气”，即建议不计较小事情。故B项“你不计较小事”适合作本节的小标题。故选B。 【37题详解】 根据标题“You start forgiving and understanding other people(你开始原谅和理解别人)”；空前“As we mature, we are better able to understand the world beyond black and white.(随着我们的成熟，我们能够更好地理解非黑即白的世界)”及空后“It enables us to look beyond the obvious and let go of simple judgments.(它使我们能够超越显而易见的事物，放弃简单的判断)”可知，本段的主旨是理解他人，更好地理解非黑即白的世界，F选项中understanding对应标题中understanding。故F项“变得更加善解人意是一种力量，而不是软弱”符合语境。故选F。 【38题详解】 根据空前“Immature people don’t know when to commit (承诺) themselves and their energy or resources are always not well employed.(不成熟的人不知道什么时候该承诺自己，他们的精力和资源总是没有得到很好的利用)”及空后“In this way, they can often keep their promises and honor their commitments.(通过这种方式，他们通常可以遵守他们的承诺和履行他们的承诺)”可知，上文提到了不成熟的人的做法，可知本句是在说明成熟的人会怎么做。C选项中mature people与上文Immature people相对应。故C项“相反，成熟的人专注于完成重要的事情”符合语境。故选C。 【39题详解】 根据本节的小标题“You accept the possibility of being wrong(你接受错误的可能性)”及空后“They are always able to accept the possibility that they are wrong, that they don’t know something, because there is always more to learn.(他们总是能够接受自己错了的可能性，接受自己不知道的可能性，因为总有更多的东西需要学习)”可知，后文提到了某种人能够接受自己错了的可能性，认识到有更多的东西需要学习，G选项中Mature people对应后文They。故G项“成熟的人看起来更自信，然而，他们并不是过度自信”符合语境。故选G。 【40题详解】 根据空前“You are never done learning and developing. This means that you don’t set yourself up as the highest authority.(你永远不会停止学习和发展。这意味着你没有把自己设定为最高权威)”可知，上文提到了“没有把自己设定为最高权威”，故本句与上文构成转折，指出这种特性会导致的结果：你会敞开心扉接受其他的想法和新的可能性。故E项“相反，你会敞开心扉接受其他的想法和新的可能性”符合语境。故选E。 Ⅲ.应用文写作 你校正在开展“向民族英雄学习”的活动。请你给学校英语报写一篇短文，谈谈你“心中的民族英雄”内容包括： 1. 英雄人物简介； 2. 成为你心中英雄的原因； 3. 向英雄学习。 注意：1. 词数 100 左右； 2. 短文题目与首句已写好，不计入总词数。 The National Hero In My Heart As we know, most people have a national hero or heroes in their hearts. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 As we know, most people have a national hero or heroes in their hearts. For me, Yuan Longping, a Chinese great agricultural scientist and academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, is actually my national hero. He was born on September 7th, 1930. In the 1960s, China experienced famine and he came up with an idea for hybridizing rice. In 1973, he developed a new way of growing rice and hence new rice was developed. In 1979, his technique for hybrid rice was introduced into the United States, which was the first case of intellectual property rights transfer in the history of China. With the development of new rice, gone are the days when Chinese people suffer from terrible starvation, and more countries of the world are able to grow more rice to feed the growing world population. We should learn from him the spirit of striving for the well-being of mankind. His perseverance, indifference to personal fame and fortune, his devotion to research work and profound insight are also great merits we should follow! 【分析】本篇书面表达是夹叙夹议的文章，要求给学校英语报写一篇短文，谈谈心中的民族英雄。 【详解】1.词汇积累 想到/提出：think of→come up with 经历/遭受：experience→suffer from 养活：support→feed 学习：study→learn from/follow 2.句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：We should learn from him the spirit of striving for the well-being of mankind. His perseverance, indifference to personal fame and fortune, his devotion to research work and profound insight are also great merits we should follow! 拓展句：Not only should we learn from him the spirit of striving for the well-being of mankind, but also we should follow his perseverance, indifference to personal fame and fortune, his devotion to research work and profound insight. 【点睛】[高分句型1] In 1979, his technique for hybrid rice was introduced into the United States, which was the first case of intellectual property rights transfer in the history of China.( 1979年，他的杂交水稻技术被引进美国，这是中国历史上第一个知识产权转让案例。) 运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句 [高分句型2] With the development of new rice, gone are the days when Chinese people suffer from terrible starvation, and more countries of the world are able to grow more rice to feed the growing world population. (随着新型水稻的发展，中国人民遭受可怕的饥饿的日子一去不复返了，世界上更多的国家能够种植更多的水稻来养活不断增长的世界人口。) 运用了when引导的定语从句 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$