精品解析：江西省九江市同文中学2024-2025学年高一上学期第一次月考英语试题

同文中学2024—2025学年高一上学期阶段I考试英语试卷 (试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟) 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where did Mr. Smith get his schooling? A. In Scotland. B. In England. C. In Wales. 2. What does the man want? A. A calculator. B. A coffee. C. A math book. 3. Which group will the woman work with? A. Group A. B. Group B. C. Group C. 4. What are the speakers talking about? A. Which idea is better. B. Where to have dinner. C. When the concert begins. 5. What does the man mean? A. He will live quite far away. B. There was a call for the woman. C. The woman can call him at any time. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。 6. Why does the man make the call? A. To ask for leave. B. To leave Molloy’s group. C. To join today’s discussions. 7. Who will take charge of today’s seminar? A. Dr. Molloy. B. Thomas Robert. C. A part-timer. 听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。 8. What was the man doing during yesterday’s weather report? A. Making a call. B. Preparing for a trip. C. Doing his homework. 9. What’s the weather like today? A. Cloudy. B. Rainy. C. Sunny. 听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。 10. What did the woman do on Friday? A. She went to a party. B. She relaxed with her family. C. She went to the cinema. 11. Why didn’t the woman go for a picnic? A. Because of the terrible weather. B. Because of a football game. C. Because of her broken car. 12. What did the speakers mainly talk about? A Mei’s party. B. Favourite hobbies. C. Weekend activities. 听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。 13. When is the man leaving home tomorrow morning? A. At 8:00. B. At 9:00. C. At 10:00. 14. How will the man travel to Italy? A. By train. B. By plane. C. By coach. 15. What will the man do in Italy? A. Relax on the beach. B. Enjoy the Italian culture. C. Do some study on art. 16. What does the man suggest the woman do? A. Take a good rest. B. Find a nice hotel. C. Work harder. 听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。 17. What do these websites help people do? A. Take toys to travel. B. Buy different kinds of toys. C. Sell their toys around the world. 18. What should you do first to take part in it? A. Buy a new toy. B. Contact a travel agency. C. Register a blog for your toy. 19. What should people mail to the agency? A. Postcards. B. Photos. C. Toys. 20. What’s the purpose of the speaker? A. To share an interesting story. B. To make an advertisement. C. To conduct a survey. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A School rules All students are expected to read and learn the School Rules. These rules aim to make each student aware of the value of self-control, orderliness and the need to develop a sense of responsibility for their own behavior and for the larger community of which they are a part. Dress regulations (规定) The school expects its students to wear their full school uniform correctly and with pride. It is our expectation that uniform and shoes will be clean and in good repair. Boys hair should be combed and of an acceptable length (not over the collar, cars or eyes) , with no artificial coloring. Girls’ hair should be of a natural color. Shoulder-length hair or longer must be tied back. Punctuality (准时) , absence and illness All students must be at school on time. If late, the student must sign in the late book in the General Office. Parents are asked to inform the school if their child is absent (缺席的) by 8: 30 a. m. on the day of absence. A written note from a parent explaining the absence MUST be provided to the General Office the day after return. Should a student be ill during school hours, he is to go straight to the School Medical Center. The doctor will then take appropriate action. Safety Proper behavior is expected within and around buildings and on the sporting field at all times. Students are not to enter laboratories, language rooms and music rooms unless invited to do so by teachers. The riding of bicycles or skateboards is prohibited (禁止) along the front drive. Students riding bicycles must wear an approved bicycle helmet (头盔) . No knives, explosives or dangerous materials may be brought into the school or boarding houses. Students are forbidden (禁止) to interfere (干扰) with fire safety equipment. An automatic (自动的) fine (罚单) will be imposed if this occurs. Mobile phones Mobile phones are not to be used from 8: 30 a. m. to 3: 30 p. m. At these times, phones should be switched off. If you need to make contact with parents or other significant people, please contact Reception. 1. What shall a student do if he is late? A. Ask his parents to come to school. B. Write a note explaining his absence. C. Write down his name in the late book. D. Go straight to the School Medical Center. 2. According to the School Rules, who is most likely to be fined (罚款) ? A. One who brings a knife into a boarding house. B. One who plays with the fire safety equipment. C One who rides a bicycle without a bicycle helmet. D. One who goes into a language room without permission. 3. Who is the text written for? A. Parents. B. Students. C. Teachers. D. School leaders. B Sport is not only physically challenging, but can also be mentally challenging. Criticism (批评) from coaches, parents and other teammates, as well as pressure to win can create too much anxiety or pressure for young athletes. Pressure can be physical or emotional and research has showed that it can lead to burnout (精疲力竭). Burnout has been described as dropping out of or stopping an activity that was at one time enjoyable. The early years of growth are important years for learning about oneself and the sport setting (环境) is one where valuable experiences can take place. Young athletes can for example, learn how to cooperate with others, make friends, and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their lives. Coaches and parents should be aware, at all times, that their feedback to youth can greatly affect them. Youth may take their parents and coaches’ criticisms to heart and find faults in themselves. Coaches and parents should also pay attention that youth sport participation (参与者) does not become work for children. The result of the game should not be more important than the process of learning the sport and other life lessons. In today’s youth sport setting, young athletes may stress (强调) more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sport. Following a game, many parents and coaches focus on the outcome and find faults with youth’s performances. Positive support should be provided regardless of the criticism. Research shows positive support encourages and has a greater effect on learning than criticism. Again, criticism can create high levels of pressure, which can lead to burnout. 4. What is the main idea of the first paragraph? A. Pressure should be made less. B. Sport can be mentally challenging. C. Mental pressure should be reduced. D. Sport should be made less competitive. 5. Why is sport important for young people according to the passage? A. It can remind them to criticize themselves. B. It can help them learn more about society. C. It can provide them with valuable experiences. D. It teaches them how to set realistic goals for themselves. 6. What should parents and coaches do according to the passage? A. Pay more attention to letting children enjoy sports. B. Help children to win every game. C. Train children to deal with stress. D. Make children understand the positive aspect of sports. 7. What’s the author’s purpose of writing the passage? A. To teach young athletes how to avoid burnout. B. To tell young children not to worry about criticism. C. To stress the importance of encouraging children in sport. D. To discuss the skill of putting criticism and encouragement together. C When you praise a dog, it’s listening to not just the words you say but also how you say them. That might not be huge news to dog owners. But now researchers have explored this phenomenon by using an imaging machine to look inside the brains of 13 dogs as they listened to their owners’ voice. The reward pathway in the dogs’ brains lit up when they heard both praising words and an approving intonation (语调)—but not when they heard random (随机的) words spoken in a praising tone or praising words spoken in a flat tone, according to the researchers. “Dogs deal with both what we say and how we say it in a way which is amazingly similar to how humans do it,” says Attila Andics, a neuroscientist in Hungary. When dogs hear speech, he explains, they seem to separate the meaning of words from the intonation. Then the left hemisphere (半球) of the brain deals with meaning, while intonation is dealt with in the right hemisphere. All the dogs in the study were willing volunteers and were trained not to move in the scanner (扫描器). The dogs could get up and leave the machine whenever they wanted. But it was clear to the dogs that their human companions loved it when they did this very easy task. “They were really happy to take part,” says Andics. “The difficulty of the training was that they can’t move more than 3 millimeters in any direction, otherwise we will have to throw out all of the data.” He says most dog owners have experimented with trying to “trick” their dogs by saying nonsense words in a cheerful happy tone of voice. “I think the big difference here is that they only heard us, and they didn’t see us,” says Andics, because the dogs were inside the machine. “Here, the only information they had was the speech signal. What we saw is that for praise to be dealt with as a reward, when there is no other supporting information, both word meaning and intonation have to fit.” 8. What is regarded as a reward by dogs according to the study? A. Praising words in a flat tone. B. Random words in a flat tone. C. Praising words in a praising tone. D. Random words in a praising tone. 9. How do dogs deal with what they hear? A. Focus more on the meaning. B. Focus more on the intonation. C. Use information from their peers. D. Use the two parts of the brain. 10. What is a hard part of the training in Andics’opinion? A. Looking into the dogs’ brain activity. B. Training dogs to stay still in the machine. C. Keeping dogs separated from their owners. D. Asking dogs to get up and leave the scanner. 11. Which of the following could be the best title for the text? A. Dogs Understand Tone and Meaning of Words B. Dogs Indeed Know How to Praise C. Dogs Can Recognize Owners’ Voices D. Dogs Can Read Man’s Moods D A young Dutch inventor is widening his effort to cleanup floating (浮动的) plastic from the Pacific Ocean. He has developed a floating device (设备) to trap plastic waste moving into rivers before it reaches the oceans. Boyan Slat was just 18 years old when he invented a system for catching waste in the ocean. He also founded an environmental group called “The Ocean Cleanup”. Its purpose is to develop the system. Last year, Slat showed the next step: a floating device which is called Interceptor. It removes plastic out of rivers. The device is powered by energy from the sun. “The 1,000 rivers are responsible for about 80% of plastic going into the world’s oceans,” said Slat. Three of the machines have already been used. Each machine costs about $775, 660, but the cost might drop as production increases. Since they were used, the machines have been doing very well, collecting the plastic bottles and all the rubbish in the rivers. According to Slat, it is necessary to close “the tap”, which means preventing more plastic from reaching the ocean in the first place. He wanted to clean them all in the next five years. “This is not going to be easy, but if we do get this done, we could truly make our oceans again, ”said Slat. The device is designed to be safe in rivers. Its nose is shaped to change directions to keep it away from larger floating things. It works by guiding plastic waste into an opening in the front of the device. The waste is then carried inside the machine where it is dropped into containers. The devices ends a text message to local operators that can come and empty it when it is full. 12. What do we know about Interceptor? A. It needs solar power to work. B. It is mainly used in the oceans. C. It is being under test. D. It can help sort waste. 13. What does “the tap” refer to in Paragraph 3? A. The waste. B. The oceans. C. The machines. D. The rivers. 14. What’s the function of the device’s nose? A. To ensure the device’s safety. B. To send operators text messages. C To empty the waste. D. To serve as containers. 15. Where is the text most likely from? A. A novel. B. A magazine. C. A diary. D. A guidebook. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 College can be a challenging time for newcomers. For most students, it’s the first time they’ll be living alone and away from their parents. While students may face problems in university, there are solutions to these problems. ___16___ From the moment you get into school, you will need to choose your own classes, plan your schedule and eventually find out where your classes are at the school. Although there are tutors to help you with this, much of it needs to be done on your own. Balance academics (学业) and a social life. You will first need to put your classes, studies, projects and homework in order of importance. But you will need to find a way to balance academics with your social life, too. ___17___ This is because you go to school with your friends at the same time each day. But in college, your schedule may differ from your friends’ schedules. Deal with financial problems. ___18___ For many students, this is the first time they’re really on their own financially. Therefore, you have to be careful about how much money you’re spending each time. If having financial concerns, you can talk to a trusted adult in your family. Find time to eat healthily and exercise. ___19___ It talks about how freshmen usually gain 15 pounds during their first year of college. This is often due to the lack of healthy eating options at the school, the lack of exercise and finally, drinking. In order to keep a healthy lifestyle, be sure about what you’re eating. In short, you should avoid eating unhealthy food. ___20___ A. Have classes on time. B. Plan your class schedule. C. Money is a big challenge for students. D. More students tend to eat unhealthy food. E. Visiting the gym every week is also important. F. In high school, it’s often easier to balance these two. G. “Freshman 15” is a popular expression commonly used in college. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When our teacher asked us to say what career we will do in the future, we all seemed to be greatly surprised. We were only 13 and 14 years old! The teacher must be ___21___. “Yes. Each of you will have to ___22___ someone in your field and give an oral report.” Finally, I picked journalism. This ___23___ I had to go to interview a true newspaper reporter. I sat down in front of him ___24___ able to speak. “Did you bring a pencil or pen or some ___25___?” I shook my head. At last I thought he ___26___ I was anxious and I got my first big tip as a ___27___: “Never go anywhere without a pen and paper.” Later I gave my oral report totally from ___28___ in class. I got an A on the project. Years later, I was looking around for a new career, but with no success. Then I ___29___ my goal at 13 to be a journalist. And I called my parents. They didn’t ____30____ me. They just reminded ____31____ competitive the field was. But journalism did something to me and was in my ____32____. It gave me the freedom to go up to total strangers and ask what was ____33____. For the past 12 years, I’ve had the most satisfying reporting career. I get ____34____ all the time: “How did you pick journalism?” “Well, you see, there was a teacher...” I just wish I could ____35____ her. 21. A. embarrassing B. mad C. patient D. enthusiastic 22. A. interview B. describe C. admire D. face 23. A. considered B. ordered C. expected D. meant 24. A. hardly B. nearly C. naturally D. completely 25. A. preparations B. newspapers C. drink D. paper 26. A. realised B. supposed C. impressed D. admitted 27. A. student B. journalist C. teacher D. writer 28. A. notes B. books C. imagination D. memory 29. A. called B. remembered C. recognized D. visited 30. A. answer B. laugh C. stop D. promise 31. A. how B. whether C. when D. where 32. A. life B. body C. blood D. opinion 33. A. coming in B. coming out C. going up D. going on 34. A. hurt B. examined C. tested D. asked 35. A. respect B. support C. thank D. favor 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A man requested an old scholar to get rid of his son’s bad habits. The scholar took the boy for____36____ walk through a garden ____37____ was full of plants. Suddenly he stopped ____38____ (ask) the boy to pull out a tiny plant growing there. The boy held the plant between his thumb and forefinger and pulled it out. The old man then asked him to pull out a slightly ____39____(big) plant. The boy pulled hard and the plant came out, roots and all. “Now pull out that one,” said the old man ____40____ (point) to a bush. This time, the boy managed it but with great difficulty. After that, the old man led him to a big tree and said, “Now take this one out,” the boy grasped the trunk and tried his best to pull it out. But it would not move. “It’s impossible,” said the boy, breathing ____41____ (heavy) with effort. “So it is with bad ____42____ (habit)，”said the wise man. When they are weak, it is easy to pull them out but when they become strong they cannot ____43____ (remove). The walk ____44____ the old man changed the boy’s life. So don’t wait for bad habits to take root. Get rid of them while you have control over them, _____45_____ they will control you. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你校学生会要举办“美丽中国 (Fantastic China)”摄影展活动。请你给交换生朋友Peter写一封邮件，邀请他参与，内容包括： 1. 活动信息； 2. 参与方式； 3. 邀请参加； 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式作答。 Dear Peter, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Alisa who had stayed at home all her life to look after her three children lost her husband in a car accident, so she had to step out and earn money to make ends meet. With zero work experience and no professional degree, her chances of getting hired for a well-paid job were next to zero. One day, after dropping her children at school, Alisa spotted a construction site. “I think I can work here,” she thought and approached the manager. “Hi, are you hiring?” she asked. “Yes, we are,” the manager looked at Alisa from head to toe. “Are you sure you can work here? This job requires a lot of hard work.” “I’m ready for it,” she told the manager and signed a contract to work a 12-hour shift. However, Alisa kept her new job a secret from her children. She thought they would feel embarrassed after learning their mother worked at a construction site. Every morning, after dropping her children to school, she would go to the construction site and work until her shift ended. She would pick up heavy bricks on her shoulder to transport them from one part of the site to the other. One evening, Alisa’s son, David, told her about an upcoming contest in school that required mothers to participate. In the competition, students will wear blindfolds and have to recognize their mothers without looking at them. “That sounds like such a cool event, David!” Alisa said excitedly, “I can’t wait for it!” “I won’t go there with you, mom,” David replied. “But why?” What her son said next was something Alisa wasn’t prepared to hear. “Mom, I would have to touch your hands to recognize you, and everyone would look at them,” David explained. “Your hands are so ugly. They’re so hard and rough,” he added. “I will feel so embarrassed when my classmates look at your hands,” the boy said. “I won’t attend the event.” Alisa felt terrible but couldn’t say anything in her defense. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 A few weeks later, David was walking home when something unexpected caught his attention. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ On his way back home, he kept thinking about how he would apologize to his mother. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力答案：1—5 CABCC 6—10 ACBCB 11—15 ACABB 16—20 AABCB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 同文中学2024—2025学年高一上学期阶段I考试英语试卷 (试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟) 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where did Mr. Smith get his schooling? A. In Scotland. B. In England. C. In Wales. 2. What does the man want? A. A calculator. B. A coffee. C. A math book. 3. Which group will the woman work with? A. Group A. B. Group B. C. Group C. 4. What are the speakers talking about? A. Which idea is better. B. Where to have dinner. C. When the concert begins. 5. What does the man mean? A. He will live quite far away. B. There was a call for the woman. C. The woman can call him at any time. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。 6. Why does the man make the call? A. To ask for leave. B. To leave Molloy’s group. C. To join today’s discussions. 7. Who will take charge of today’s seminar? A. Dr. Molloy. B. Thomas Robert. C. A part-timer. 听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。 8. What was the man doing during yesterday’s weather report? A. Making a call. B. Preparing for a trip. C. Doing his homework. 9. What’s the weather like today? A. Cloudy. B. Rainy. C. Sunny. 听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。 10. What did the woman do on Friday? A. She went to a party. B. She relaxed with her family. C. She went to the cinema. 11. Why didn’t the woman go for a picnic? A. Because of the terrible weather. B. Because of a football game. C. Because of her broken car. 12. What did the speakers mainly talk about? A. Mei’s party. B. Favourite hobbies. C. Weekend activities. 听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。 13. When is the man leaving home tomorrow morning? A. At 8:00. B. At 9:00. C. At 10:00. 14 How will the man travel to Italy? A. By train. B. By plane. C. By coach. 15. What will the man do in Italy? A. Relax on the beach. B. Enjoy the Italian culture. C. Do some study on art. 16. What does the man suggest the woman do? A. Take a good rest. B. Find a nice hotel. C. Work harder. 听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。 17. What do these websites help people do? A. Take toys to travel. B. Buy different kinds of toys. C. Sell their toys around the world. 18. What should you do first to take part in it? A. Buy a new toy. B. Contact a travel agency. C. Register a blog for your toy. 19. What should people mail to the agency? A. Postcards. B. Photos. C. Toys. 20. What’s the purpose of the speaker? A. To share an interesting story. B. To make an advertisement. C. To conduct a survey. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A School rules All students are expected to read and learn the School Rules. These rules aim to make each student aware of the value of self-control, orderliness and the need to develop a sense of responsibility for their own behavior and for the larger community of which they are a part. Dress regulations (规定) The school expects its students to wear their full school uniform correctly and with pride. It is our expectation that uniform and shoes will be clean and in good repair. Boys hair should be combed and of an acceptable length (not over the collar, cars or eyes) , with no artificial coloring. Girls’ hair should be of a natural color. Shoulder-length hair or longer must be tied back. Punctuality (准时) , absence and illness All students must be at school on time. If late, the student must sign in the late book in the General Office. Parents are asked to inform the school if their child is absent (缺席的) by 8: 30 a. m. on the day of absence. A written note from a parent explaining the absence MUST be provided to the General Office the day after return. Should a student be ill during school hours, he is to go straight to the School Medical Center. The doctor will then take appropriate action. Safety Proper behavior is expected within and around buildings and on the sporting field at all times. Students are not to enter laboratories, language rooms and music rooms unless invited to do so by teachers. The riding of bicycles or skateboards is prohibited (禁止) along the front drive. Students riding bicycles must wear an approved bicycle helmet (头盔) . No knives, explosives or dangerous materials may be brought into the school or boarding houses. Students are forbidden (禁止) to interfere (干扰) with fire safety equipment. An automatic (自动的) fine (罚单) will be imposed if this occurs. Mobile phones Mobile phones are not to be used from 8: 30 a. m. to 3: 30 p. m. At these times, phones should be switched off. If you need to make contact with parents or other significant people, please contact Reception. 1. What shall a student do if he is late? A. Ask his parents to come to school. B. Write a note explaining his absence. C. Write down his name in the late book. D. Go straight to the School Medical Center. 2. According to the School Rules, who is most likely to be fined (罚款) ? A. One who brings a knife into a boarding house. B. One who plays with the fire safety equipment. C One who rides a bicycle without a bicycle helmet. D. One who goes into a language room without permission. 3. Who is the text written for? A. Parents. B. Students. C. Teachers. D. School leaders. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了学生要遵守的学校校规。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Punctuality(准时)，absence and illness部分“If late, the student must sign in the late book in the General Office.”（如果迟到，学生必须到综合办公室的迟到薄上签字。）可知，迟到的学生必须在迟到薄上签上自己的名字。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Safety部分“Students are forbidden to interfere with fire safety equipment. An automatic fine will be imposed if this occurs.”（学生禁止干扰消防安全设备。如果发生，将自动处以罚款。）可知，玩消防安全设备的人最有可能被罚款。故选B。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“All students are expected to read and learn the School Rules.”（所有学生都要阅读和学习校规）可知，文章主要介绍了学生要遵守的学校校规，由此可推知，这篇文章是写给学生的。故选B。 B Sport is not only physically challenging, but can also be mentally challenging. Criticism (批评) from coaches, parents and other teammates, as well as pressure to win can create too much anxiety or pressure for young athletes. Pressure can be physical or emotional and research has showed that it can lead to burnout (精疲力竭). Burnout has been described as dropping out of or stopping an activity that was at one time enjoyable. The early years of growth are important years for learning about oneself and the sport setting (环境) is one where valuable experiences can take place. Young athletes can, for example, learn how to cooperate with others, make friends, and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their lives. Coaches and parents should be aware, at all times, that their feedback to youth can greatly affect them. Youth may take their parents and coaches’ criticisms to heart and find faults in themselves. Coaches and parents should also pay attention that youth sport participation (参与者) does not become work for children. The result of the game should not be more important than the process of learning the sport and other life lessons. In today’s youth sport setting, young athletes may stress (强调) more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sport. Following a game, many parents and coaches focus on the outcome and find faults with youth’s performances. Positive support should be provided regardless of the criticism. Research shows positive support encourages and has a greater effect on learning than criticism. Again, criticism can create high levels of pressure, which can lead to burnout. 4. What is the main idea of the first paragraph? A. Pressure should be made less. B. Sport can be mentally challenging. C. Mental pressure should be reduced. D. Sport should be made less competitive. 5. Why is sport important for young people according to the passage? A. It can remind them to criticize themselves. B. It can help them learn more about society. C. It can provide them with valuable experiences. D. It teaches them how to set realistic goals for themselves. 6. What should parents and coaches do according to the passage? A. Pay more attention to letting children enjoy sports. B. Help children to win every game. C. Train children to deal with stress. D. Make children understand the positive aspect of sports. 7. What’s the author’s purpose of writing the passage? A. To teach young athletes how to avoid burnout. B. To tell young children not to worry about criticism. C. To stress the importance of encouraging children in sport. D. To discuss the skill of putting criticism and encouragement together. 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。体育运动既是对人的体力的挑战，也是对人的心理的挑战。在体育运动中，父母和教练应对孩子多鼓励，少批评，让孩子用积极的心态去迎接挑战。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Sport is not only physically challenging, but can also be mentally challenging. Criticism (批评) from coaches, parents and other teammates, as well as pressure to win can create too much anxiety or pressure for young athletes. Pressure can be physical or emotional and research has showed that it can lead to burnout (精疲力竭). Burnout has been described as dropping out of or stopping an activity that was at one time enjoyable. (运动不仅是身体上的挑战，也可以是精神上的挑战。来自教练、父母和其他队友的批评，以及获胜的压力会给年轻运动员带来太多的焦虑或压力。压力可以是身体上的，情绪上的，或心理上的，研究表明，它可以导致倦怠。倦怠被描述为放弃或放弃一项曾经令人愉快的活动。)”可知，第一段主要讲的是体育运动对精神的挑战。故选B。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“The early years of growth are important years for learning about oneself and the sport setting (环境) is one where valuable experiences can take place. (成长的早期是了解自己的重要时期，而运动环境是一个可以产生宝贵经验的阶段。)”可知，年轻人喜欢运动是因为它可以为他们提供宝贵的经历。故选C。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“In today’s youth sport setting, young athletes may stress (强调) more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sport. Following a game, many parents and coaches focus on the outcome and find faults with youth’s performances. (在今天的青年运动环境中，年轻运动员可能更担心谁会赢，而不是享受自己和运动。在一场比赛之后，许多家长和教练关注的是结果，并对青少年的表现吹毛求疵。)”可推断，家长和教练正确的做法是让孩子们享受体育活动。故选A。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Positive support should be provided regardless of the criticism. Research shows positive support encourages and has a greater effect on learning than criticism. Again, criticism can create high levels of pressure, which can lead to burnout. (不管批评如何，都应该给予积极的支持。研究表明，积极的支持比批评更能鼓励和促进学习。同样，批评会产生巨大的压力，从而导致精疲力竭。)”可知，作者通过陈述压力对孩子参加运动的诸多负面影响，使父母和教练意识到只有多鼓励、少批评，才能让孩子喜欢体育运动。可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是强调鼓励孩子的重要性。故选C。 C When you praise a dog, it’s listening to not just the words you say but also how you say them. That might not be huge news to dog owners. But now researchers have explored this phenomenon by using an imaging machine to look inside the brains of 13 dogs as they listened to their owners’ voice. The reward pathway in the dogs’ brains lit up when they heard both praising words and an approving intonation (语调)—but not when they heard random (随机的) words spoken in a praising tone or praising words spoken in a flat tone, according to the researchers. “Dogs deal with both what we say and how we say it in a way which is amazingly similar to how humans do it,” says Attila Andics, a neuroscientist in Hungary. When dogs hear speech, he explains, they seem to separate the meaning of words from the intonation. Then the left hemisphere (半球) of the brain deals with meaning, while intonation is dealt with in the right hemisphere. All the dogs in the study were willing volunteers and were trained not to move in the scanner (扫描器). The dogs could get up and leave the machine whenever they wanted. But it was clear to the dogs that their human companions loved it when they did this very easy task. “They were really happy to take part,” says Andics. “The difficulty of the training was that they can’t move more than 3 millimeters in any direction, otherwise we will have to throw out all of the data.” He says most dog owners have experimented with trying to “trick” their dogs by saying nonsense words in a cheerful, happy tone of voice. “I think the big difference here is that they only heard us, and they didn’t see us,” says Andics, because the dogs were inside the machine. “Here, the only information they had was the speech signal. What we saw is that for praise to be dealt with as a reward, when there is no other supporting information, both word meaning and intonation have to fit.” 8. What is regarded as a reward by dogs according to the study? A. Praising words in a flat tone. B. Random words in a flat tone. C. Praising words in a praising tone. D. Random words in a praising tone. 9. How do dogs deal with what they hear? A. Focus more on the meaning. B. Focus more on the intonation. C. Use information from their peers. D. Use the two parts of the brain. 10. What is a hard part of the training in Andics’opinion? A. Looking into the dogs’ brain activity. B. Training dogs to stay still in the machine. C. Keeping dogs separated from their owners. D. Asking dogs to get up and leave the scanner. 11. Which of the following could be the best title for the text? A. Dogs Understand Tone and Meaning of Words B. Dogs Indeed Know How to Praise C. Dogs Can Recognize Owners’ Voices D. Dogs Can Read Man’s Moods 【答案】8. C 9. D 10. B 11. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章讲述实验表明狗能理解人说话的语气和含义。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The reward pathway in the dogs’ brains lit up when they heard both praising words and an approving intonation(语调)(当狗听到赞扬的话语和赞许的语调时，它们大脑中的奖赏通路会被激活)”可知，当狗听到用赞赏的语调说的表扬的话时，其脑内的奖赏通路会被激活，这被狗视为奖励。故选C项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“they seem to separate the meaning of words from the intonation. Then the left hemisphere(半球) of the brain processes meaning, while intonation is analyzed in the right hemisphere.(它们似乎把单词的意思和语调分开了。然后，大脑左半球处理意思，而语调由右半球分析。)”可知，狗在大脑的不同半球对话语的含义和说话的语调分别进行分析。故选D。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“All the dogs in the study were willing volunteers and were trained not to move in the scanner(扫描器).(研究中的所有狗都是自愿的志愿者，并被训练不在扫描仪中移动)”及“The difficult aspect of the training was convincing the dogs that ‘motionless’ means really motionless. They can’t move more than 3 millimeters in any direction, otherwise we will have to throw out all of the data.(训练的困难之处在于让狗相信‘不动’意味着真的不动。它们不能向任何方向移动超过3毫米，否则我们将不得不扔掉所有的数据。)”可知，研究过程中，狗被要求在扫描仪器中待着不动，这是训练中的难点。故选B项。 【11题详解】 主旨大义题。文章开头通过“When you praise a dog, it's listening to not just the words you say but also how you say them. That might not be huge news to dog owners. But now researchers have explored this phenomenon…(当你表扬一只狗时，它不仅在听你说的话，还在听你怎么说。这对狗主人来说可能不是什么大新闻。但现在研究人员对这一现象进行了探索……)”引入话题：狗能理解人说话的语气和含义，研究者对此进行了研究。接着，下文介绍了该研究的内容和结论，故A项“狗能理解语言的语气和含义”适合作本文标题。故选A项。 D A young Dutch inventor is widening his effort to cleanup floating (浮动的) plastic from the Pacific Ocean. He has developed a floating device (设备) to trap plastic waste moving into rivers before it reaches the oceans. Boyan Slat was just 18 years old when he invented a system for catching waste in the ocean. He also founded an environmental group called “The Ocean Cleanup”. Its purpose is to develop the system. Last year, Slat showed the next step: a floating device which is called Interceptor. It removes plastic out of rivers. The device is powered by energy from the sun. “The 1,000 rivers are responsible for about 80% of plastic going into the world’s oceans,” said Slat. Three of the machines have already been used. Each machine costs about $775, 660, but the cost might drop as production increases. Since they were used, the machines have been doing very well, collecting the plastic bottles and all the rubbish in the rivers. According to Slat, it is necessary to close “the tap”, which means preventing more plastic from reaching the ocean in the first place. He wanted to clean them all in the next five years. “This is not going to be easy, but if we do get this done, we could truly make our oceans again, ”said Slat. The device is designed to be safe in rivers. Its nose is shaped to change directions to keep it away from larger floating things. It works by guiding plastic waste into an opening in the front of the device. The waste is then carried inside the machine where it is dropped into containers. The devices ends a text message to local operators that can come and empty it when it is full. 12. What do we know about Interceptor? A. It needs solar power to work. B. It is mainly used in the oceans. C. It is being under test. D. It can help sort waste. 13. What does “the tap” refer to in Paragraph 3? A. The waste. B. The oceans. C. The machines. D. The rivers. 14. What’s the function of the device’s nose? A. To ensure the device’s safety. B. To send operators text messages. C. To empty the waste. D. To serve as containers. 15. Where is the text most likely from? A. A novel. B. A magazine. C. A diary. D. A guidebook. 【答案】12. A 13. D 14. A 15. B 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了一位年轻的荷兰发明家Boyan Slat正在努力清理太平洋漂浮塑料。他开发了一种漂浮装置，可以在塑料垃圾流入河流之前捕获它们。文章介绍了Boyan Slat发明这种名为“Interceptor”的装置的经过，这种装置的工作方式和原理，以及Interceptor装置收集垃圾的工作情况。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Last year, Slat showed the next step: a floating device called Interceptor. It removes plastic out of rivers. The device is powered by energy from the sun.(去年，Slat展示了下一步：一个被称为Interceptor的浮动设备。它能清除河流中的塑料。该装置由太阳能提供动力)”可知，Interceptor需要太阳能来工作。故选A。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Since they were used, the machines have been doing very well, collecting the plastic bottles and all the rubbish in the rivers.(自从这些机器被使用以来，它们在收集河里的塑料瓶和所有垃圾方面一直做得很好)”以及“which means preventing more plastic from reaching the ocean in the first place.(这意味着首先要防止更多的塑料流入海洋)”可知，机器清理河流里面的塑料和垃圾，可得出Slat认为有必要关闭河流，这样可以防止更多的塑料流入海洋。故the tap指的是“河流”。故选D。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The device is designed to be safe in rivers. Its nose is shaped to change directions to keep it away from larger floating things.(这种装置在河流中是安全的。它的突出部分的形状是为了改变方向，以使它远离更大的漂浮物体)”可知，这个装置的突出部分用于确保设备安全。故选A。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“A young Dutch inventor is widening his effort to clean up floating plastic from the Pacific Ocean. He has developed a floating device to trap plastic waste moving into rivers before it reaches the oceans.(一位年轻的荷兰发明家正在努力清理太平洋漂浮塑料。他开发了一种漂浮装置，可以在塑料垃圾流入河流之前捕获它们)”结合文章介绍了Boyan Slat发明这种名为“Interceptor”的装置的经过，这种装置的工作方式和原理，以及Interceptor装置收集垃圾的工作情况。结合选项可推知，文章属于科技类说明文，很可能来自一本杂志。故选B。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 College can be a challenging time for newcomers. For most students, it’s the first time they’ll be living alone and away from their parents. While students may face problems in university, there are solutions to these problems. ___16___ From the moment you get into school, you will need to choose your own classes, plan your schedule and eventually find out where your classes are at the school. Although there are tutors to help you with this, much of it needs to be done on your own. Balance academics (学业) and a social life. You will first need to put your classes, studies, projects and homework in order of importance. But you will need to find a way to balance academics with your social life, too. ___17___ This is because you go to school with your friends at the same time each day. But in college, your schedule may differ from your friends’ schedules. Deal with financial problems. ___18___ For many students, this is the first time they’re really on their own financially. Therefore, you have to be careful about how much money you’re spending each time. If having financial concerns, you can talk to a trusted adult in your family. Find time to eat healthily and exercise. ___19___ It talks about how freshmen usually gain 15 pounds during their first year of college. This is often due to the lack of healthy eating options at the school, the lack of exercise and finally, drinking. In order to keep a healthy lifestyle, be sure about what you’re eating. In short, you should avoid eating unhealthy food. ___20___ A. Have classes on time. B. Plan your class schedule. C. Money is a big challenge for students. D. More students tend to eat unhealthy food. E. Visiting the gym every week is also important. F. In high school, it’s often easier to balance these two. G. “Freshman 15” is a popular expression commonly used in college. 【答案】16 B 17. F 18. C 19. G 20. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了大学新生应如何应对进入大学后可能会遇到的一些问题。 【16题详解】 此处是本段主旨句。空后“From the moment you get into school, you will need to choose your own classes, plan your schedule and eventually find out where your classes are at the school.”（从你进入学校的那一刻开始，你将需要选择你自己的课程，安排你自己的时间，最终在学校里找到你的班级(所在)的位置。）讲述了进校后你需要做哪些计划。因此空处可描述要制定你的计划。B项“安排你的课程表”，选项中的“plan your schedule”为词语复现。与下文衔接紧密，符合语境。故选B。 【17题详解】 结合本段主题句“Balance academics (学业) and a social life. ”（平衡你的学业和社交生活）空前“But you will need to find a way to balance academics with your social life, too. ”（但是你需要找到一个方式来维持你的学业和社交生活的平衡”）空后“This is because you go to school with your friends at the same time each day.”（这是因为你和你的朋友每天在相同的时间一起去学校。）可知，空处应该讲述在高中，做这样的平衡是容易的。F项“在高中，平衡这两个方面(学业与社交生活)通常更容易”承上启下，符合语境。故选F。 【18题详解】 根据“Deal with financial problems.”（解决财务问题）可知，本段主要介绍了处理财务问题。空后“For many students, this is the first time they’re really on their own financially. ”（对很多学生来说，这是他们第一次真正地独立理财。）因而空处应说明对学生而言，钱的问题是重要的问题。C项“钱对学生们来说是一项很大的挑战”承上启下，符合语境。故选C。 19题详解】 空后“It talks about how freshmen usually gain 15 pounds during their first year of college. ”（它讲述了大一新生在大学第一年通常会增重15磅）可知，it此处为代词，指代空处的内容。所以空前应该是提出一个概念。G项“Freshman 15是大学里经常使用的一个流行的表达”，与下文衔接紧密，符合语境。故选G。 【20题详解】 结合本段主题句“Find time to eat healthily and exercise.”（找时间健康饮食和锻炼身体。）可知本段主要建议学生要健康饮食并进行锻炼。空前“In short, you should avoid eating unhealthy food. ”（简而言之，你应该避免吃不健康的食物。）结合段落主题句，所以空处应该讲述要描述锻炼。E项“每周去健身房(锻炼)也很重要”承接上文，符合语境。故选E。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When our teacher asked us to say what career we will do in the future, we all seemed to be greatly surprised. We were only 13 and 14 years old! The teacher must be ___21___. “Yes. Each of you will have to ___22___ someone in your field and give an oral report.” Finally, I picked journalism. This ___23___ I had to go to interview a true newspaper reporter. I sat down in front of him ___24___ able to speak. “Did you bring a pencil or pen or some ___25___?” I shook my head. At last I thought he ___26___ I was anxious and I got my first big tip as a ___27___: “Never go anywhere without a pen and paper.” Later I gave my oral report totally from ___28___ in class. I got an A on the project. Years later, I was looking around for a new career, but with no success. Then I ___29___ my goal at 13 to be a journalist. And I called my parents. They didn’t ____30____ me. They just reminded ____31____ competitive the field was. But journalism did something to me and was in my ____32____. It gave me the freedom to go up to total strangers and ask what was ____33____. For the past 12 years, I’ve had the most satisfying reporting career. I get ____34____ all the time: “How did you pick journalism?” “Well, you see, there was a teacher...” I just wish I could ____35____ her. 21. A. embarrassing B. mad C. patient D. enthusiastic 22. A. interview B. describe C. admire D. face 23. A. considered B. ordered C. expected D. meant 24. A. hardly B. nearly C. naturally D. completely 25. A. preparations B. newspapers C. drink D. paper 26. A. realised B. supposed C. impressed D. admitted 27. A. student B. journalist C. teacher D. writer 28. A. notes B. books C. imagination D. memory 29. A. called B. remembered C. recognized D. visited 30. A. answer B. laugh C. stop D. promise 31. A. how B. whether C. when D. where 32. A. life B. body C. blood D. opinion 33. A. coming in B. coming out C. going up D. going on 34. A. hurt B. examined C. tested D. asked 35. A. respect B. support C. thank D. favor 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. D 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在学生时代时，老师布置了一次未来职业生涯规划作业，多年后这帮助作者找到了自己喜欢的职业，成为了一名记者，作者对此非常感激自己的老师。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：老师一定是疯了。A. embarrassing令人尴尬的；B. mad疯的；C. patient耐心的；D. enthusiastic热情的。上文“When our teacher asked us to say what career we will do in the future, we all seemed to be greatly surprised. We were only 13 and 14 years old!”指出在我们都是13或14岁的孩子时，老师问我们将来要从事什么职业，由此可知，作者认为自己还小，老师问这样的问题一定是疯了，表现出作者的惊讶，不可思议，故选B。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：你们每个人都必须采访你所在领域的某人并提供口头报告。A. interview采访；B. describe描写；C. admire钦佩；D. face面对。由下文“I had to go to interview a true newspaper reporter”可知，interview是同词复现，此处指采访某人，故选A。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这意味着我必须去采访一位真正的报纸记者。A. considered考虑；B. ordered命令；C. expected期望；D. meant意味着。上文“Finally, I picked journalism.”指出作者选择了记者行业，这意味着作者要去采访一名真正的记者，故选D。 【24题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我坐在他面前，几乎说不出话来。A. hardly几乎不；B. nearly几乎；C. naturally自然地；D. completely完全地。由下文“I was anxious”可知，作者很紧张，所以说几乎说不出话来，故选A。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：你带了铅笔或钢笔或纸吗？A. preparations准备；B. newspapers报纸；C. drink饮料；D. paper纸。由下文“Never go anywhere without a pen and paper.”可知，记者问作者带纸和笔了吗，故选D。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，我以为他意识到了我的焦虑，于是我得到了作为记者的第一条重要建议：“去任何地方要带笔和纸。”A. realised意识到；B. supposed假设；C. impressed给……印象深刻；D. admitted承认。由下文“I was anxious”可知，作者认为记者意识到自己的焦虑了，故选A。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，我以为他意识到了我的焦虑，于是我得到了作为记者的第一条重要建议：“去任何地方要带笔和纸。”A. student学生；B. journalist记者；C. teacher老师；D. writer作家。由上文“I picked journalism”可知，作者在采访一名记者，由此可知，“Never go anywhere without a pen and paper.”这是记者给作者的建议，故选B。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来我在课堂上完全凭记忆做了口头报告。A. notes笔记；B. books书；C. imagination想象；D. memory记忆。由上文“I gave my oral report totally”可知，作者在课上做了口头报告，口头报告是没有稿子看的，完全是凭记忆，故选D。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我想起了我13岁时的目标是成为一名记者。A. called打电话；B. remembered记住；C. recognized认出；D. visited参观。由下文“my goal at 13 to be a journalist.”可知，作者想起了自己以前定的目标是成为一名记者，故选B。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们没有阻止我。A. answer回答；B. laugh大笑；C. stop阻止；D. promise承诺。由下文“They just reminded ____11____ competitive the field was.”可知，父母并没有阻止想成为一名记者，只是提醒作者这个行业竞争很激烈，故选C。 【31题详解】 考查连接词词义辨析。句意：他们只是提醒人们这个领域的竞争有多么激烈。A. how多么；B. whether是否；C. when什么时候；D. where哪里。空处引导宾语从句，由下文“competitive the field was.”可知，父母提醒记者这个行业竞争是多么激烈，故选A。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但新闻业对我产生了影响，这是我骨子里就有的。A. life生命；B. body身体；C. blood血；D. opinion观点。in one’s blood固定搭配，意为“在某人骨子里”，由上文“But journalism did something to me and was in my”可知，想成为一名记者是作者骨子里就存在的，故选C。 【33题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：它让我可以自由地走向完全陌生的人并询问发生了什么事。A. coming in进来；B. coming out出去；C. going up上升；D. going on发生。由上文提到的作者想成为一名记者可知，记者是需要采访他人的，即询问他人所发生的事情，故选D。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我总是被问到：“你是如何选择新闻业的？”A. hurt伤害；B. examined检查；C. tested检测；D. asked问。由下文“How did you pick journalism?”可知，这是别人对作者的询问，故选D。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我只是希望我能感谢她。A. respect尊敬；B. support支持；C. thank感谢；D. favor赞成。由上文“Well, you see, there was a teacher...”可知，此处是作者的老师让作者找到了自己喜欢的记者职业，所以作者感谢自己的老师。故选C。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A man requested an old scholar to get rid of his son’s bad habits. The scholar took the boy for____36____ walk through a garden ____37____ was full of plants. Suddenly he stopped ____38____ (ask) the boy to pull out a tiny plant growing there. The boy held the plant between his thumb and forefinger and pulled it out. The old man then asked him to pull out a slightly ____39____(big) plant. The boy pulled hard and the plant came out, roots and all. “Now pull out that one,” said the old man ____40____ (point) to a bush. This time, the boy managed it but with great difficulty. After that, the old man led him to a big tree and said, “Now take this one out,” the boy grasped the trunk and tried his best to pull it out. But it would not move. “It’s impossible,” said the boy, breathing ____41____ (heavy) with effort. “So it is with bad ____42____ (habit)，”said the wise man. When they are weak, it is easy to pull them out but when they become strong they cannot ____43____ (remove). The walk ____44____ the old man changed the boy’s life. So don’t wait for bad habits to take root. Get rid of them while you have control over them, _____45_____ they will control you. 【答案】36. a 37. which##that 38. to ask 39. bigger 40. pointing 41. heavily 42. habits 43. be removed 44. with 45. or##otherwise 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇哲理性短文。文章主要讲述了一个学者如何通过一个简单的比喻（在花园里拔植物）来教育一个男孩关于坏习惯的影响以及如何及时改正它们的重要性。 【36题详解】 考查冠词。句意：学者带着男孩在一个花园里散步，这个花园里种满了植物。分析句子成分可知，空处为冠词，修饰空后的名词，表示泛指，用不定冠词。故填a。 【37题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：学者带着男孩在一个花园里散步，这个花园里种满了植物。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“a garden”，在定语从句中担当主语，用关系代词which或that引导。故填which或that。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：突然，他停下来让男孩把一棵长在那里的小植物拔出来。这里为非谓语动词担当动词stop后的宾语；根据句意可知，学者停下来让男孩拔出一棵小植物。由此可知，空处为动词不定式形式担当stop的宾语，构成短语：stop to do sth.，意为“停下来做另一件事”。故填to ask。 【39题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：然后，老人让他去拔一株稍微大一点的植物。根据下文“The boy pulled hard and the plant came out, roots and all.”中的“pulled hard”可推测，第二株植物比第一棵植物要大些，因此，空处为形容词比较级形式。故填bigger。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：“现在，去拔那一株，”老人指着灌木丛说。分析句子成分可知，空处考查非谓语动词担当状语，“the old man”和动词“point”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填pointing。 【41题详解】 考查副词。句意：“这不可能，”男孩喘着粗气说。分析句子成分可知，空处为副词形式修饰动词“breathe”。故填heavily。 【42题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：“坏习惯也是如此，”智者说道。根据下文“When they are weak”可推测，空处为名词的复数形式。故填habits。 【43题详解】 考查谓语动词。句意：当它们还很弱小的时候，很容易就能改掉，但当它们变得强大时，就无法去除了。分析句子成分可知，空处为本句谓语动词；根据空前的情态动词可知，空处为动词原形。主语“they”和动词“remove”之间为被动关系。故填be removed。 【44题详解】 考查介词。句意：与这位老人的散步改变了男孩的一生。根据文章意思可知，男孩是和这位老人一起散步的；分析句子成分可知，空处为介词形式，意为“和”，用介词“with”。故填with。 【45题详解】 考查连词。句意：要在你还能控制它们的时候就把它们改掉，否则它们将会控制你。分析句子成分可知，空处为连词连接两个句子；根据句意可知，空处意为“否则、要不然”。故填or或otherwise。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你校学生会要举办“美丽中国 (Fantastic China)”摄影展活动。请你给交换生朋友Peter写一封邮件，邀请他参与，内容包括： 1. 活动信息； 2. 参与方式； 3. 邀请参加； 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式作答。 Dear Peter, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】 Dear Peter, The students’ union of our school is going to hold a photography exhibition, the theme of which is “Fantastic China”. It starts from November 7th and lasts two weeks in the school gallery. Whoever interested in it is welcome to participate. Knowing you are fond of photography, I would like to invite you to join in it. Moreover. I know you’ve taken numerous pictures of China during your studying here. This is an unmissable opportunity for you to show your appreciation of China. If you’re interested, please send your works to photofantasticchina@163.com before October 26th. Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于邀请信。要求考生给交换生朋友Peter写一封邮件，邀请他参与学生会举办的“美丽中国 (Fantastic China)”摄影展活动。 【详解】1.词汇积累 举行，主办：hold → host 展览：exhibition → show 参与：participate → take part in 许多的：numerous → a great many 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Knowing you are fond of photography, I would like to invite you to join in it. 拓展句：I would like to invite you to join in it, since I know you are fond of photography. 【点睛】[高分句型1] The students’ union of our school is going to hold a photography exhibition, the theme of which is “Fantastic China”.(运用了 介词of+which引导非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] Whoever interested in it is welcome to participate. (运用了whoever引导主语从句) 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Alisa who had stayed at home all her life to look after her three children lost her husband in a car accident, so she had to step out and earn money to make ends meet. With zero work experience and no professional degree, her chances of getting hired for a well-paid job were next to zero. One day, after dropping her children at school, Alisa spotted a construction site. “I think I can work here,” she thought and approached the manager. “Hi, are you hiring?” she asked. “Yes, we are,” the manager looked at Alisa from head to toe. “Are you sure you can work here? This job requires a lot of hard work.” “I’m ready for it,” she told the manager and signed a contract to work a 12-hour shift. However, Alisa kept her new job a secret from her children. She thought they would feel embarrassed after learning their mother worked at a construction site. Every morning, after dropping her children to school, she would go to the construction site and work until her shift ended. She would pick up heavy bricks on her shoulder to transport them from one part of the site to the other. One evening, Alisa’s son, David, told her about an upcoming contest in school that required mothers to participate. In the competition, students will wear blindfolds and have to recognize their mothers without looking at them. “That sounds like such a cool event, David!” Alisa said excitedly, “I can’t wait for it!” “I won’t go there with you, mom,” David replied. “But why?” What her son said next was something Alisa wasn’t prepared to hear. “Mom, I would have to touch your hands to recognize you, and everyone would look at them,” David explained. “Your hands are so ugly. They’re so hard and rough,” he added. “I will feel so embarrassed when my classmates look at your hands,” the boy said. “I won’t attend the event.” Alisa felt terrible but couldn’t say anything in her defense. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 A few weeks later, David was walking home when something unexpected caught his attention. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ On his way back home, he kept thinking about how he would apologize to his mother. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文 Para.1 A few weeks later, David was walking home when something unexpected caught his attention. His gaze was fixed on a familiar figure laboring in the distance. It was his mother, Alisa, working at the construction site he had never known about. (解释什么吸引了他的注意力) She was lifting heavy bricks onto her shoulder, with her hands hard and rough from the constant labor. (引用阅读文本中描述妈妈工地搬砖的动作，形成照应。手的描述与阅读文本信息也形成照应) David stood there, shocked. (神态描写) He had never imagined his mother working in such conditions. The sight of her hardworking figure made him feel a mix of shame, regret, and even admiration. (心理描写) He realized how foolish he had been, thinking only of his own embarrassment. (反思，即成长。为下文首句做铺垫) Para.2 On his way back home, he kept thinking about how he would apologize to his mother. He understood that his mother’s hands, though hard and rough, were an evidence to her sacrifice and love. (反思，理解妈妈) When his mother reaching home, he walked straight to Alisa and hugged her tightly. (构建动作链) “Tears in his eyes,” he said, “I was wrong to be ashamed of you. You’re the bravest and strongest person I know.” (道歉 神态+语言) Alisa, surprised at first, smiled warmly and hugged him back. “It’s okay, David,” she said. “I’m proud of you for understanding.” (使用动作链描写妈妈听到道歉后的反应，动作+神态+语言) That evening, David shared his mother’s story with his siblings, and they decided to support Alisa in whatever she did, for she was their hero and their pride. (从情感升华，David 的成长和成熟) 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Alisa，一位一直在家照顾三个孩子的母亲，因丈夫车祸去世而不得不外出工作。她无经验也无专业学历，找工作困难。某日，她在一建筑工地找到工作，但怕孩子们知道后尴尬而保密。后来，儿子告诉她学校有需母亲参与的活动，却因她的双手粗糙而拒绝与她一同参加，这让Alisa倍感难过。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“几个星期后，大卫走在回家的路上，一件意想不到的事情引起了他的注意。”可知，第一段可描写大卫发现妈妈的秘密。看到妈妈辛勤工作的身影，大卫感到羞愧和懊悔，也感到钦佩。 ②由第二段首句内容“在回家路上，他一直在想该如何向母亲道歉。”可知，第二段可描写大卫理解了妈妈的牺牲和爱，主动给妈妈道歉，并勇敢和兄弟姐妹们分享了妈妈的故事。 2.续写线索：知道了妈妈双手粗糙的原因——感到羞愧和懊悔——理解了妈妈的牺牲和爱——主动给妈妈道歉——勇敢分享妈妈的故事 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①引起他的注意：catch his attention/draw his attention ②拥抱：hug/embrace ③决定：decide/make up one’s mind 情绪类 ①震惊的：shocked/startled ②懊悔：regret/remorse 【点睛】[高分句型1] It was his mother, Alisa, working at the construction site he had never known about.(运用了省略关系代词that的限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] He understood that his mother’s hands, though hard and rough, were an evidence to her sacrifice and love.(运用了连词that引导宾语从句) [高分句型3] You’re the bravest and strongest person I know.(运用了省略关系代词的限制性定语从句) 听力答案：1—5 CABCC 6—10 ACBCB 11—15 ACABB 16—20 AABCB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$