内容正文:
考点12 情态动词
备战2025年中考英语新课标(核心素养)一轮复习重难点冲冲冲
【考点扫描】
根据对情态动词部分在全国各地中考试题的分析可知,今后该部分将是重点考查点之一。其考查重点为:
1、 情态动词在一般疑问句中的问与答
2、 情态动词表示猜测的用法
3、 will与shall的用法
4、 dare与need的用法
【名师解难】
一、考查情态动词的基本用法
一些情态动词的常用的意义往往为高考考查的焦点,考生须准确理解其含义并根据句子意思选择正确的情态动词。
1.must和have to
两者都表示“必须”的意思,但must含有说话人主观上的看法、态度;have to则表示客观上的需要。
--Must we finish giving out the posters today?
--Yes, we _______. It can't be put off any longer.
A. can B. may C. must
[答案]C。
[解析] 此题考查情态动词的用法。回答由must引起的一般疑问句,其肯定答语要用must,不能用can或may。故选C。
-I didn't pass the math test. I think I have spent too much time playing computer games recently.
--I agree. You __ play like that any more.
A. needn't B. mustn't C. may not D. wouldn't
[答案]B。
[解析] 此处选mustn't。表示“一定不能”“千万不能”,用较强的语气来提醒对方不能再玩游戏了。
When traffic lights are red. We _________stop and wait.
A. may B. can C. must D. might.
[答案]C。
[解析] 考查情态动词,must必须,表示禁止。
一I really like playing computer games!
一I'm afraid you ________stop,for your study and your health.
A. am B. will C.may D.must
[答案]D。
[解析] 答语意思为“为了你的学习和健康,恐怕你必须停止玩电脑游戏”,所以must最恰当。
2.can和could
两者都可用来表能力,意为“能够,会”;可用来表示许可(常用在口语中)或表示怀疑、惊异、不相信等态度(常用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中)。
-Could I borrow your dictionary?
--Of course you _______.
A. can B. must C. should D. will
[答案]A。
[解析] 上文的could并不表示过去,而只是一种委婉的说法,所以答语用can更礼貌些。--Listen! Is Tom singing in the classroom?
--No. It ________be Tom. He has gone to Paris.
A. may not B. needn't C. can't
[答案]C。
[解析] 因为汤姆不在这里,所以不可能是他。
一Mary,__________you speak Chinese?
一Yes,only a little.
A must B need C may D.can
[答案]D
[解析] 考查情态动词,“玛丽,你会说英语吗?…“是的,会一点”。故选D。can表示能够。
3.shall和should
shall用于第一、三人称疑问句表示征求对方意:见;用于第二、三人称肯定句或否定句表示说话人给予对方的“禁止、命令、警告、允诺或威胁等”。
should用来表示建议、责任、义务时,可译为“应该,应当”,此时可用ought to替换;可用来表示惊讶、忧虑、赞叹等不满情绪(用在疑问句中);还可用来委婉地陈述自己的意见。
Schools _________allow students at least one hour a day for sports.
A. would B. might C. should D. could
[答案]C。
[解析] 此处用情态动词should的用法。should表示“应当…‘应该”的含义比其他三个词更强些。
4.had better和would rather
“had better+动词原形”意为“最好做……”,否定句式为had better not。“would rather+动词原形”意为“宁可,宁愿”,否定句式为would rather not。
---Bob,may I __your MP4?
一Sure.But you'd better not _________it to others.
A. lend;lend B. lend;borrow C. borrow;borrow D.borrow;lend
[答案]D。
[解析]本题考查动词borrow和lend的区别.borrow和lend是一组反义词,都是“借”的意思,但相对句子主语来说,borrow意为“借人”;lend意为“借出”。由语境可判断前者是借入,用borrow后者是借出,用lend。
--What about playing football this afternoon, Sam?
--I would rather _______ at home than _______ football. It's too hot outside.
A. stay; playing B. stay; play C. to stay; to play D. to stay; playing
[答案]:A。
[解析]本题考查了would rather的固定短语的应用。译文为:萨姆,今天下午出去打球怎么样?和踢足球相比,我宁愿呆在家里,外面太热。Would rather do A than do B和做B比起来,宁愿做A。
5.used to
“used to+动词原形”表示“过去常常做某事”或表示过去的一种惯常状态。
He used to ________ in the sun, but now he is used to ________ at night.
A. read, read B. reading, read C. read, reading D. reading, reading
[答案]:C。
[解析]考查固定结构的用法。Used 后接动词不定时,be used to 后接动名词。故选C。
6.need和dare
You ________do it if you really don't want to.
A. needn't B. mustn't C. can't D. couldn't
[答案]A。
[解析] 考查情态动词。本题应由句意人手破解。如果你不想做的话,你“没有必要”做它,所以正确答案为A项。
--May I do the rest of the work tomorrow?
--Yea, of course. You _______finish it today.
A. must B. mustn't C. needn't
[答案]C。
[解析]思路分析:根据句意可知,needn’t不必。
二、考查情态动词表推测的用法
1. 对现在或将来的推测用“情态动词+动词原形”。
肯定的推测一般用must,should,may (might)或can(could),其中,must的语气最强。意为“肯定”、“准是”、“想必是”;should的语气次之,意为“很可能”、“应该”,指按常理推测;may(might),can(could)的语气最弱,意为“有时会”、“也许”、“可能”。否定推测分为两种情况:语气不很肯定时,常用may/might/could not,意为“可能不”、“也许不”;
否定语气较强时,则用can't,意为“根本不可能”、“一定不能”,表示惊异、怀疑的感情色彩。You ________be tired after working for eight hours without a rest.
A. can B. may C. must D. need
[答案]C。
[解析] 本题考查情态动词must,can,may,need的区别。本题由题意人手,“你工作了八个小时没有休息肯定很累。”情态动词must在此表示肯定的推测。
一Look at the boy running on the ground.Is it Davis?
—It ____be him.I saw him go to the teacher's office just now.
A.must B. can't C.could D.might
[答案]B。
[解析] 考查情态动词。表推测时否定句中用can't。表示“不可能”,因为他已经去了老师的办公室。
【语法回顾】
1 情态动词的语法特征
①情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情,只表示期待或估计某事的发生。
②情态动词除ought 和have 外,后面只能接不带to 的不定式。
③情态动词没有人称,数的变化,即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。
④情态动词没有非谓语形式,即没有不定式,分词,等形式。常见的情态动词有:can (could) ,may (might), must ,shall (should), will (would), dare (dared) , need等,另外,have to、had better也当作情态动词使用。情态动词后面必须加动词的原形。
can 和be able to
1) can/could 表示能力;可能 (过去时用could), 只用于现在式和过去式(could)。
be able to可以用于各种时态。
They will be able to tell you the news soon. 他很快就能告诉你消息了。
2) 只用be able to的情况:
a. 位于助动词后。
b. 情态动词后。
c. 表示过去某时刻动作时。
d. 用于句首表示条件。
e. 表示成功地做了某事时,用was/were able to,不能用could。
He was able to flee Europe before the war broke out.
= He managed to flee Europe before the war broke out.他在战争爆发之前逃离欧洲。
注意:could有时不表示时态1)提出委婉的请求,(注意在回答中不可用could)。
--- Could I have the television on? 我能看电视吗?
--- Yes, you can. / No, you can't. 可以/不可以。
3) 在否定句、疑问句中表示推测或怀疑。
He couldn't be a bad man. 他不大可能是坏人。
may和might
1) 表示允许或请求;表示没有把握的推测;may 放在句首,表示祝愿。
May God bless you! 愿上帝保佑你!
He might be at home. 他可能在家。
注意:might 表示推测时,不表示时态,只是可能性比may 小。
2) 成语:may/might as well,后面接不带to 的不定式,意为"不妨"。
If that is the case, we may as well try.如果情况确实如此,我们不妨试一试。
have to和must
1) 两词都是'必须'的意思,have to 表示客观的需要,must 表示说话人主观上的看法,既主观上的必要。
My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night.
弟弟病得很厉害,我只得半夜里把医生请来。(客观上需要做这件事)
He said that they must work hard. 他说他们必须努力工作。(主观上要做这件事)
2) have to有人称、数、时态的变化,而must只有一种形式。但must 可用于间接引语中表示过去的必要或义务。
He had to look after his sister yesterday. 他昨晚只得照顾他姐姐。
3) 否定结构中:don't have to表示"不必",mustn't表示"禁止"。
You don't have to tell him about it.你不一定要把此事告诉他。
You mustn't tell him about it.你不得把这件事告诉他。
must表示推测
1) must用在肯定句中表示较有把握的推测,意为"一定"。
2) must表对现在的状态或现在正发生的事情的推测时,must 后面通常接系动词be 的原形或行为动词的进行式。
You have worked hard all day. You must be tired.
你辛苦干一整天,一定累了。(对现在情况的推测判断)
He must be working in his office. 他一定在办公室工作呢。
比较:He must be staying there. 他现在肯定在那里。He must stay there. 他必须呆在那。
3) must 表示对已发生的事情的推测时,must 要接完成式。
I didn't hear the phone. I must have been asleep. 我刚才没有听到电话,我想必是睡着了。
4) must表示对过去某时正发生的事情的推测,must 后面要接不定式的完成进行式。
---Why didn't you answer my phone call? 为何不接我的电话?
---Well, I must have been sleeping, so I didn't hear it.唉,肯定在睡觉,所以没有听见。
5) 否定推测用can't。
If Tom didn't leave here until five o'clock, he can't be home yet.
如果汤姆五点才离开这儿,他此时一定还未到家。
表示推测的用法
can, could, may, might, must 皆可表示推测,其用法如下:
1) 情态动词+动词原形,表示对现在或将来的情况的推测,此时动词通常为系动词。
I don't know where she is, she may be in Wuhan. 我不知道她在哪儿,可能在武汉。
2) 情态动词+动词现在进行时,表示对现在或将来正在进行的情况进行推测。
At this moment, our teacher must be correcting our exam papers.
这时,想必我们老师正在批改试卷。
should 和ought to
除了上述的用法,两者还可表示"想必一定,按理应该"的意思。
I ought to be able to live on my salary. 靠我的薪水,想必也能维持了。
It ought to be ready now. 想必现在准备好了吧。
They should be there by now, I think. 现在他们该到那儿了。
The poems should be out in a month at most. 诗集估计最多还有一个月就要出版了。
had better表示"最好",相当于一个助动词,它只有一种形式,它后面要跟动词原形。
It is pretty cold. You'd better put on my coat. 天相当冷。你最好穿上我的外套。
She'd better not play with the dog. 她最好不要玩耍那条狗。
would rather表示"宁愿"would rather do
would rather not dowould rather… than… 宁愿…而不愿。
还有would sooner, had rather, had sooner都表示"宁愿"、"宁可"的意思。
If I have a choice, I had sooner not continue my studies at this school.
如果有选择的余地,我宁可辍学离开这个学校。
I would rather stay here than go home. = I would stay here rather than go home.
我宁愿呆在这儿,而不愿回家。
will和would
注意:1) would like;would like to do = want to 想要,为固定搭配。
Would you like to go with me? 想和我一块去吗?
2)Will you…? Would you like…? 表示肯定含义的请求劝说时,疑问句中一般用some, 而不是any。
Would you like some cake? 吃点蛋糕吧。
3)否定结构中用will,一般不用would, won't you是一种委婉语气。Won't you sit down? 你不坐下吗?情态动词的回答方式
问句
肯定回答
否定回答
Need you…?
Yes, I must.
No, I needn't
Must you…?
No, I don't have to.
带to 的情态动词
带to 的情态动词有四个:ought to, have to, used to, be to, 如加上have got to (=must), be able to,为六个。它们的疑问、否定形式应予以注意:
Do they have to pay their bill before the end of the month? 他们必须在月底前付帐单吗?
She didn't use to play tennis before she was fourteen.在她十四岁前,她不会打网球。
You ought not to have told her all about it.你不应该告诉他所有这件事。
Ought he to see a heart specialist at once.?
ought to 本身作为情态动词使用。其他的词作为实义动词使用,变疑问,否定时,须有do 等助动词协助。
need和dare
这两词既可做实义动词用,又可做情态动词用。作为情态动词,两者都只能用于疑问句,否定句和条件句。need作实义动词时后面的不定式必须带to,而dare作实义动词用时, 后面的to 时常可以被省略。
1) 实义动词:need(需要, 要求) need + n. / to do sth2) 情态动词:need,只用原形need后加do,否定形式为need not。
Need you go yet? 你要走了吗?
Yes, I must. / No, I needn't.是的,我要走了/不,不急着走。
1.—May I take this magazine out of the reading room?
—No, you ________. It’s against the rule.
A.needn’t B.mustn’t C.won’t D.shouldn’t
2.—Whose comic book is it?
—It ________ be Daniel’s. Look! His name is written on it.
A.mustn’t B.can’t C.must D.can
3.—Dad, I want to learn to play an instrument.
—That’s OK, but remember once you make up your mind, you ________ hold on to it.
A.must B.may C.could D.would
4.—The poem is written ________ an ancient style.
—Do you mean that very few people ________ understand it?
A.by; may B.for; can’t C.with; mustn’t D.in; can
5.—I saw Mr. Wang in his office just now.
—No, it ________ be him. He has gone to Guangzhou and will be back in two days.
A.mustn’t B.may C.can’t D.should
6.—Do you know whose science book it is?
—It ________ be Jack’s! He is very interested in science.
A.must B.can’t C.need D.shouldn’t
7.David ________ be happy because our teacher praised his great progress.
A.must B.can C.mustn’t D.can’t
8.—Must I wait here all day? I have a lot of work to do.
—No, you ________. You may be back in the afternoon.
A.mustn’t B.can’t C.don’t have to D.shouldn’t
9.You ________ put up your hands before speaking in class. It’s the rule.
A.may B.would C.should D.might
10.—Who has eaten up my “Tianshui Malatang”?
—I don’t know, but it ______ be Tom. He doesn’t like such food at all.
A.mustn’t B.shouldn’t C.can’t D.needn’t
11.You ________ bring an umbrella. The radio says it’s not going to rain this afternoon.
A.mustn’t B.needn’t C.shouldn’t D.can’t
12.If you have something important to do, you ________ waste any time.
A.needn’t B.mustn’t C.may not D.won’t
13.According to the new traffic rules, people ________ wear a helmet (头盔) when riding an e-bike.
A.must B.might C.can D.may
14.—Tom, could you please help me take out the rubbish?
—Sorry, I _________, Mom. I am doing my homework now.
A.can B.could C.can’t D.couldn’t
15.You _________ return the book today, you may give it back in a week.
A.mustn’t B.can’t C.needn’t D.shouldn’t
16.—________ you pass the book to me?
—No problem.
A.Could B.Should C.Must D.Need
17.If we don’t protect the animals in danger, we __________ lose them all one day.
A.should B.may C.needn’t D.can’t
18.—The paper cutting is pretty lively. Who made it?
— It __________ be Amy. Nobody in our class except her is able to do it.
A.might B.must C.can’t D.mustn’t
19.—What are you going to do this weekend, Frank?
—I go to see Kung Fu Panda 4, but it depends on whether I can finish my homework.
A.must B.can C.should D.might
__ Ed’s, but I’m not sure.
A.must be B.may be C.can’t be D.mustn’t be
1.(2024·海南·中考真题)—________ I go out with my friend now, Dad?
—I’m afraid you have to finish your homework first.
A.Can B.Should C.Must
2.(2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题)—In order to keep healthy, we ________ have breakfast.
—You’re right. Breakfast is very important for our health.
A.mustn’t B.can’t C.must
3.(2024·江苏南通·中考真题)—Must I use pink to paint my bedroom?
—No, you ________. You can use any colour you like,
A.can’t B.mustn’t C.shouldn’t D.needn’t
4.(2024·江苏淮安·中考真题)— ________ you show me how to play the violin, Suzy?
— No problem.
A.Can B.Should C.Must D.Need
5.(2024·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题)—Must I come before 6:00 tomorrow morning?
—No, you ________. The meeting will begin at 8:00.
A.mustn’t B.needn’t C.can’t D.shouldn’t
6.(2024·西藏·中考真题)You ________ eat too much food before you go to bed, or it’s bad for you.
A.can B.could C.shouldn’t D.would
7.(2024·江苏宿迁·中考真题)Although the little boy is only 6 years old, he _______ do DIY well with his special mind.
A.can B.can’t C.must D.mustn’t
8.(2024·江苏常州·中考真题)When you make a fresh salad, you ______ add your favorite fruit if you would like to.
A.may B.should C.must D.have to
9.(2024·江苏镇江·中考真题)With the help of modern technology, now people ________ enjoy the proudest moment when China’s first astronaut Yang Liwei entered space.
A.may B.can C.should D.must
10.(2024·北京·中考真题)— Bill, ________ I use your ruler?
— Of course you can. Here you are.
A.can B.must C.need D.should
11.(2024·山东菏泽·中考真题)—Whose volleyball is this?
—It ________ be Lucy’s. She loves volleyball.
A.can’t B.must C.mustn’t
12.(2024·吉林长春·中考真题)Lili ________ be at home. She has gone to the farm to pick apples.
A.mustn’t B.can’t C.must D.can
13.(2024·江苏无锡·中考真题)Shh… ! This is a library. You ________ keep your voice down.
A.can B.can’t C.should D.shouldn’t
14.(2024·四川乐山·中考真题)—People ________ wear helmets (头盔) when they ride e-bikes according to the traffic rules.
—Yes. Or they will be punished.
A.must B.can C.may
15.(2024·黑龙江·中考真题)—Must I answer this question in English?
—No, you ________.
A.mustn’t B.needn’t C.can’t
16.(2024·四川雅安·中考真题)—Is that your friend Laura over there?
—No, it ____________ be Laura. She has gone to Shenzhen.
A.must B.mustn’t C.can D.can’t
17.(2024·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·中考真题)—Jane, I saw your brother yesterday.
—It ________ be him. My brother is studying in Shenzhen.
A.can’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t
18.(2024·天津·中考真题)It _________ be the only way to solve the problem. There are other choices.
A.may not B.mustn’t C.need D.should
19.(2024·河北·中考真题)—Look! Is that girl Alice?
—No, it ________ be her. She is on a tour in Beijing now.
A.can B.can’t C.must D.mustn’t
20.(2024·福建福州·三模)—Do you know what’ in the box?
—Who knows? It ________ be a pair of shoes.
A.must B.can C.may
1.(2024·广西柳州·二模)—Can you say that in English?
—Yes, I ________.
A.could B.can C.should
2.(2024·海南省直辖县级单位·二模)— The light is still on. Who is in the classroom?
— It ______ be Ma Yang. But I am not sure.
A.can’t B.might C.must
3.(2024·青海玉树·三模)You ________ come if you are busy, we can solve it by ourselves.
A.need B.needn’t C.needs
4.(2024·内蒙古兴安盟·二模)—I saw Mr. Wang in his office just now.
—No, it ________ be him. He has gone to Guangzhou and will be back in two days.
A.mustn’t B.may C.can’t D.should
5.(2024·海南海口·一模)—I ________ find my keys.
—Have you checked in your jacket pockets?
A.can’t B.shouldn’t C.wouldn’t
6.(2024·吉林长春·二模)—Do you know whose science book it is?
—It ________ be Jack’s! He is very interested in science.
A.must B.can’t C.need D.shouldn’t
7.(2024·天津武清·三模)David ________ be happy because our teacher praised his great progress.
A.must B.can C.mustn’t D.can’t
8.(2024·云南昭通·三模)—Must I wait here all day? I have a lot of work to do.
—No, you ________. You may be back in the afternoon.
A.mustn’t B.can’t C.don’t have to D.shouldn’t
9.(2024·四川自贡·二模)—________ bag is this? It looks so familiar to me.
—It ________ Jim’s. He has a bag like this. I have ever seen him take one.
A.Who’s; maybe B.Whose; maybe C.Whose; may be
10.(2024·河北张家口·三模)You ________ put up your hands before speaking in class. It’s the rule.
A.may B.would C.should D.might
11.(2024·江苏镇江·二模)—Who has eaten up my “Tianshui Malatang”?
—I don’t know, but it ______ be Tom. He doesn’t like such food at all.
A.mustn’t B.shouldn’t C.can’t D.needn’t
12.(2024·四川成都·一模)—Is that Miss Gao over there?
—It ________ be her. She has gone to Beijing for a meeting.
A.mustn’t B.can’t C.must
13.(2024·福建厦门·二模)The restaurant ________ be very good. Few people go there to have meals.
A.can’t B.needn’t C.mustn’t
14.(2024·江苏南京·二模)We never know what _______ happen in the future, but we can prepare for the worst and hope for the best.
A.must B.might C.shall D.should
15.(2024·北京顺义·二模)—Mum, ________ I clean my bedroom at once?
—No, you needn’t. You can do it after you finish your homework.
A.must B.need C.can D.should
16.(2024·江苏宿迁·二模)—Must I finish the report tonight?
—No, you ________. You can hand it in the day after tomorrow.
A.mustn’t B.shouldn’t C.needn’t D.can’t
17.(2024·河北石家庄·模拟预测)—________ you give me a hand? I can’t carry the heavy box by myself.
—With pleasure.
A.Should B.Could C.Must D.May
18.(2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·模拟预测)—Will you please stay here for another week?
—Sorry, I ________. I’ll have to attend an important meeting.
A.mustn’t B.shouldn’t C.can’t
19.(2024·甘肃平凉·一模)—Is Tony knocking at the door?
—No, it ________ be him. He has gone to Sanya.
A.mustn’t B.can’t C.won’t D.may not
20.(2024·江苏常州·一模)You _________ go to the library to renew the book. Online service is much easier and faster.
A.mustn’t B.can’t C.shouldn’t D.needn’t
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$$
考点12 情态动词
备战2025年中考英语新课标(核心素养)一轮复习重难点冲冲冲
【考点扫描】
根据对情态动词部分在全国各地中考试题的分析可知,今后该部分将是重点考查点之一。其考查重点为:
1、 情态动词在一般疑问句中的问与答
2、 情态动词表示猜测的用法
3、 will与shall的用法
4、 dare与need的用法
【名师解难】
一、考查情态动词的基本用法
一些情态动词的常用的意义往往为高考考查的焦点,考生须准确理解其含义并根据句子意思选择正确的情态动词。
1.must和have to
两者都表示“必须”的意思,但must含有说话人主观上的看法、态度;have to则表示客观上的需要。
--Must we finish giving out the posters today?
--Yes, we _______. It can't be put off any longer.
A. can B. may C. must
[答案]C。
[解析] 此题考查情态动词的用法。回答由must引起的一般疑问句,其肯定答语要用must,不能用can或may。故选C。
-I didn't pass the math test. I think I have spent too much time playing computer games recently.
--I agree. You __ play like that any more.
A. needn't B. mustn't C. may not D. wouldn't
[答案]B。
[解析] 此处选mustn't。表示“一定不能”“千万不能”,用较强的语气来提醒对方不能再玩游戏了。
When traffic lights are red. We _________stop and wait.
A. may B. can C. must D. might.
[答案]C。
[解析] 考查情态动词,must必须,表示禁止。
一I really like playing computer games!
一I'm afraid you ________stop,for your study and your health.
A. am B. will C.may D.must
[答案]D。
[解析] 答语意思为“为了你的学习和健康,恐怕你必须停止玩电脑游戏”,所以must最恰当。
2.can和could
两者都可用来表能力,意为“能够,会”;可用来表示许可(常用在口语中)或表示怀疑、惊异、不相信等态度(常用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中)。
-Could I borrow your dictionary?
--Of course you _______.
A. can B. must C. should D. will
[答案]A。
[解析] 上文的could并不表示过去,而只是一种委婉的说法,所以答语用can更礼貌些。--Listen! Is Tom singing in the classroom?
--No. It ________be Tom. He has gone to Paris.
A. may not B. needn't C. can't
[答案]C。
[解析] 因为汤姆不在这里,所以不可能是他。
一Mary,__________you speak Chinese?
一Yes,only a little.
A must B need C may D.can
[答案]D
[解析] 考查情态动词,“玛丽,你会说英语吗?…“是的,会一点”。故选D。can表示能够。
3.shall和should
shall用于第一、三人称疑问句表示征求对方意:见;用于第二、三人称肯定句或否定句表示说话人给予对方的“禁止、命令、警告、允诺或威胁等”。
should用来表示建议、责任、义务时,可译为“应该,应当”,此时可用ought to替换;可用来表示惊讶、忧虑、赞叹等不满情绪(用在疑问句中);还可用来委婉地陈述自己的意见。
Schools _________allow students at least one hour a day for sports.
A. would B. might C. should D. could
[答案]C。
[解析] 此处用情态动词should的用法。should表示“应当…‘应该”的含义比其他三个词更强些。
4.had better和would rather
“had better+动词原形”意为“最好做……”,否定句式为had better not。“would rather+动词原形”意为“宁可,宁愿”,否定句式为would rather not。
---Bob,may I __your MP4?
一Sure.But you'd better not _________it to others.
A. lend;lend B. lend;borrow C. borrow;borrow D.borrow;lend
[答案]D。
[解析]本题考查动词borrow和lend的区别.borrow和lend是一组反义词,都是“借”的意思,但相对句子主语来说,borrow意为“借人”;lend意为“借出”。由语境可判断前者是借入,用borrow后者是借出,用lend。
--What about playing football this afternoon, Sam?
--I would rather _______ at home than _______ football. It's too hot outside.
A. stay; playing B. stay; play C. to stay; to play D. to stay; playing
[答案]:A。
[解析]本题考查了would rather的固定短语的应用。译文为:萨姆,今天下午出去打球怎么样?和踢足球相比,我宁愿呆在家里,外面太热。Would rather do A than do B和做B比起来,宁愿做A。
5.used to
“used to+动词原形”表示“过去常常做某事”或表示过去的一种惯常状态。
He used to ________ in the sun, but now he is used to ________ at night.
A. read, read B. reading, read C. read, reading D. reading, reading
[答案]:C。
[解析]考查固定结构的用法。Used 后接动词不定时,be used to 后接动名词。故选C。
6.need和dare
You ________do it if you really don't want to.
A. needn't B. mustn't C. can't D. couldn't
[答案]A。
[解析] 考查情态动词。本题应由句意人手破解。如果你不想做的话,你“没有必要”做它,所以正确答案为A项。
--May I do the rest of the work tomorrow?
--Yea, of course. You _______finish it today.
A. must B. mustn't C. needn't
[答案]C。
[解析]思路分析:根据句意可知,needn’t不必。
二、考查情态动词表推测的用法
1. 对现在或将来的推测用“情态动词+动词原形”。
肯定的推测一般用must,should,may (might)或can(could),其中,must的语气最强。意为“肯定”、“准是”、“想必是”;should的语气次之,意为“很可能”、“应该”,指按常理推测;may(might),can(could)的语气最弱,意为“有时会”、“也许”、“可能”。否定推测分为两种情况:语气不很肯定时,常用may/might/could not,意为“可能不”、“也许不”;
否定语气较强时,则用can't,意为“根本不可能”、“一定不能”,表示惊异、怀疑的感情色彩。You ________be tired after working for eight hours without a rest.
A. can B. may C. must D. need
[答案]C。
[解析] 本题考查情态动词must,can,may,need的区别。本题由题意人手,“你工作了八个小时没有休息肯定很累。”情态动词must在此表示肯定的推测。
一Look at the boy running on the ground.Is it Davis?
—It ____be him.I saw him go to the teacher's office just now.
A.must B. can't C.could D.might
[答案]B。
[解析] 考查情态动词。表推测时否定句中用can't。表示“不可能”,因为他已经去了老师的办公室。
【语法回顾】
1 情态动词的语法特征
①情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情,只表示期待或估计某事的发生。
②情态动词除ought 和have 外,后面只能接不带to 的不定式。
③情态动词没有人称,数的变化,即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。
④情态动词没有非谓语形式,即没有不定式,分词,等形式。常见的情态动词有:can (could) ,may (might), must ,shall (should), will (would), dare (dared) , need等,另外,have to、had better也当作情态动词使用。情态动词后面必须加动词的原形。
can 和be able to
1) can/could 表示能力;可能 (过去时用could), 只用于现在式和过去式(could)。
be able to可以用于各种时态。
They will be able to tell you the news soon. 他很快就能告诉你消息了。
2) 只用be able to的情况:
a. 位于助动词后。
b. 情态动词后。
c. 表示过去某时刻动作时。
d. 用于句首表示条件。
e. 表示成功地做了某事时,用was/were able to,不能用could。
He was able to flee Europe before the war broke out.
= He managed to flee Europe before the war broke out.他在战争爆发之前逃离欧洲。
注意:could有时不表示时态1)提出委婉的请求,(注意在回答中不可用could)。
--- Could I have the television on? 我能看电视吗?
--- Yes, you can. / No, you can't. 可以/不可以。
3) 在否定句、疑问句中表示推测或怀疑。
He couldn't be a bad man. 他不大可能是坏人。
may和might
1) 表示允许或请求;表示没有把握的推测;may 放在句首,表示祝愿。
May God bless you! 愿上帝保佑你!
He might be at home. 他可能在家。
注意:might 表示推测时,不表示时态,只是可能性比may 小。
2) 成语:may/might as well,后面接不带to 的不定式,意为"不妨"。
If that is the case, we may as well try.如果情况确实如此,我们不妨试一试。
have to和must
1) 两词都是'必须'的意思,have to 表示客观的需要,must 表示说话人主观上的看法,既主观上的必要。
My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night.
弟弟病得很厉害,我只得半夜里把医生请来。(客观上需要做这件事)
He said that they must work hard. 他说他们必须努力工作。(主观上要做这件事)
2) have to有人称、数、时态的变化,而must只有一种形式。但must 可用于间接引语中表示过去的必要或义务。
He had to look after his sister yesterday. 他昨晚只得照顾他姐姐。
3) 否定结构中:don't have to表示"不必",mustn't表示"禁止"。
You don't have to tell him about it.你不一定要把此事告诉他。
You mustn't tell him about it.你不得把这件事告诉他。
must表示推测
1) must用在肯定句中表示较有把握的推测,意为"一定"。
2) must表对现在的状态或现在正发生的事情的推测时,must 后面通常接系动词be 的原形或行为动词的进行式。
You have worked hard all day. You must be tired.
你辛苦干一整天,一定累了。(对现在情况的推测判断)
He must be working in his office. 他一定在办公室工作呢。
比较:He must be staying there. 他现在肯定在那里。He must stay there. 他必须呆在那。
3) must 表示对已发生的事情的推测时,must 要接完成式。
I didn't hear the phone. I must have been asleep. 我刚才没有听到电话,我想必是睡着了。
4) must表示对过去某时正发生的事情的推测,must 后面要接不定式的完成进行式。
---Why didn't you answer my phone call? 为何不接我的电话?
---Well, I must have been sleeping, so I didn't hear it.唉,肯定在睡觉,所以没有听见。
5) 否定推测用can't。
If Tom didn't leave here until five o'clock, he can't be home yet.
如果汤姆五点才离开这儿,他此时一定还未到家。
表示推测的用法
can, could, may, might, must 皆可表示推测,其用法如下:
1) 情态动词+动词原形,表示对现在或将来的情况的推测,此时动词通常为系动词。
I don't know where she is, she may be in Wuhan. 我不知道她在哪儿,可能在武汉。
2) 情态动词+动词现在进行时,表示对现在或将来正在进行的情况进行推测。
At this moment, our teacher must be correcting our exam papers.
这时,想必我们老师正在批改试卷。
should 和ought to
除了上述的用法,两者还可表示"想必一定,按理应该"的意思。
I ought to be able to live on my salary. 靠我的薪水,想必也能维持了。
It ought to be ready now. 想必现在准备好了吧。
They should be there by now, I think. 现在他们该到那儿了。
The poems should be out in a month at most. 诗集估计最多还有一个月就要出版了。
had better表示"最好",相当于一个助动词,它只有一种形式,它后面要跟动词原形。
It is pretty cold. You'd better put on my coat. 天相当冷。你最好穿上我的外套。
She'd better not play with the dog. 她最好不要玩耍那条狗。
would rather表示"宁愿"would rather do
would rather not dowould rather… than… 宁愿…而不愿。
还有would sooner, had rather, had sooner都表示"宁愿"、"宁可"的意思。
If I have a choice, I had sooner not continue my studies at this school.
如果有选择的余地,我宁可辍学离开这个学校。
I would rather stay here than go home. = I would stay here rather than go home.
我宁愿呆在这儿,而不愿回家。
will和would
注意:1) would like;would like to do = want to 想要,为固定搭配。
Would you like to go with me? 想和我一块去吗?
2)Will you…? Would you like…? 表示肯定含义的请求劝说时,疑问句中一般用some, 而不是any。
Would you like some cake? 吃点蛋糕吧。
3)否定结构中用will,一般不用would, won't you是一种委婉语气。Won't you sit down? 你不坐下吗?情态动词的回答方式
问句
肯定回答
否定回答
Need you…?
Yes, I must.
No, I needn't
Must you…?
No, I don't have to.
带to 的情态动词
带to 的情态动词有四个:ought to, have to, used to, be to, 如加上have got to (=must), be able to,为六个。它们的疑问、否定形式应予以注意:
Do they have to pay their bill before the end of the month? 他们必须在月底前付帐单吗?
She didn't use to play tennis before she was fourteen.在她十四岁前,她不会打网球。
You ought not to have told her all about it.你不应该告诉他所有这件事。
Ought he to see a heart specialist at once.?
ought to 本身作为情态动词使用。其他的词作为实义动词使用,变疑问,否定时,须有do 等助动词协助。
need和dare
这两词既可做实义动词用,又可做情态动词用。作为情态动词,两者都只能用于疑问句,否定句和条件句。need作实义动词时后面的不定式必须带to,而dare作实义动词用时, 后面的to 时常可以被省略。
1) 实义动词:need(需要, 要求) need + n. / to do sth2) 情态动词:need,只用原形need后加do,否定形式为need not。
Need you go yet? 你要走了吗?
Yes, I must. / No, I needn't.是的,我要走了/不,不急着走。
1.—May I take this magazine out of the reading room?
—No, you ________. It’s against the rule.
A.needn’t B.mustn’t C.won’t D.shouldn’t
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——我可以把这本杂志拿出阅览室吗?——不,你不可以。这是违反规定的。
考查情态动词。needn’t不必;mustn’t禁止;won’t将不;shouldn’t不应该。根据“It’s against the rule.”可知,根据规定,这是一定不可以的,因此用情态动词mustn’t,故选B。
2.—Whose comic book is it?
—It ________ be Daniel’s. Look! His name is written on it.
A.mustn’t B.can’t C.must D.can
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——它是谁的漫画书?——它一定是丹尼尔的。看!上面有他的名字。
考查情态动词。mustn’t禁止;can’t不可能;must一定,表示有把握的推测;can可能。根据“His name is written on it”可知,书的上面有丹尼尔的名字,此处表示有把握的肯定推测,这本书一定是丹尼尔的,用must,故选C。
3.—Dad, I want to learn to play an instrument.
—That’s OK, but remember once you make up your mind, you ________ hold on to it.
A.must B.may C.could D.would
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——爸爸,我想学一种乐器。——那没问题,但是记住一旦你下定决心,你就必须坚持下去。
考查情态动词辨析。must必须;may可能;could可以;would将要。根据“once you make up your mind, you…hold on to it.”可知,此处是父亲在告诫孩子一旦下定决心就必须坚持下去。故选A。
4.—The poem is written ________ an ancient style.
—Do you mean that very few people ________ understand it?
A.by; may B.for; can’t C.with; mustn’t D.in; can
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——这首诗是用古代风格写的。——你的意思是很少有人能理解它?
考查介词辨析和情态动词。by通过;for为了;with和;in用;may可能;can’t不能;mustn’t禁止;can能够。根据“The poem is written ... an ancient style.”可知,是指用古代风格写的,用介词in;根据“very few people ... understand it”及上句可知,是指古代风格写的诗很少有人能理解,用can表示“能够”。故选D。
5.—I saw Mr. Wang in his office just now.
—No, it ________ be him. He has gone to Guangzhou and will be back in two days.
A.mustn’t B.may C.can’t D.should
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——我刚才看见王先生在他的办公室里。 ——不,不可能是他。他去了广州,两天后回来。
考查情态动词。mustn’t禁止;may可能;can’t不可能;should应该。根据“He has gone to Guangzhou”可知他去了广州,那个人不可能是他,此处表否定推测用can’t。故选C。
6.—Do you know whose science book it is?
—It ________ be Jack’s! He is very interested in science.
A.must B.can’t C.need D.shouldn’t
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——你知道这是谁的科学书吗?—— 一定是杰克的!他对科学很感兴趣。
考查情态动词。must 一定、肯定,用于肯定推测; can’t 不可能,用于否定推测;need需要; shouldn’t不应该。根据“He is very interested in science.”可知,Jack对科学很感兴趣,是表示肯定推测。故选A。
7.David ________ be happy because our teacher praised his great progress.
A.must B.can C.mustn’t D.can’t
【答案】A
【详解】句意:大卫一定很高兴,因为我们的老师表扬了他的巨大进步。
考查情态动词。must一定;can能;mustn’t禁止;can’t不能。根据“because our teacher praised his great progress.”可知老师表扬了他的巨大进步,所以他一定很开心。故选A。
8.—Must I wait here all day? I have a lot of work to do.
—No, you ________. You may be back in the afternoon.
A.mustn’t B.can’t C.don’t have to D.shouldn’t
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——我必须在这里等一整天吗?我有很多工作要做。——不,你不需要。你可以下午就回去。
考查情态动词。根据“Must I wait here all day?”可知,含有must提问的疑问句,其否定回答是don’t have to或者needn’t,故选C。
9.You ________ put up your hands before speaking in class. It’s the rule.
A.may B.would C.should D.might
【答案】C
【详解】句意:你在课堂上发言前应该举手。这是规则。
考查情态动词辨析。may可能;would将;should应该;might可能。根据“put up your hands before speaking in class”可知,此处表示建议,应该举手,故选C。
10.—Who has eaten up my “Tianshui Malatang”?
—I don’t know, but it ______ be Tom. He doesn’t like such food at all.
A.mustn’t B.shouldn’t C.can’t D.needn’t
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——谁把我的“天水麻辣烫”吃了?——我不知道,但不会是汤姆。他一点也不喜欢这样的食物。
考查情态动词辨析。mustn’t禁止;shouldn’t不应该;can’t不会;needn’t不需要。由“He doesn’t like such food at all”可知,此处指不会是Tom。故选C。
11.You ________ bring an umbrella. The radio says it’s not going to rain this afternoon.
A.mustn’t B.needn’t C.shouldn’t D.can’t
【答案】B
【详解】句意:你不需要带伞。收音机说今天下午不会下雨。
考查情态动词辨析。mustn’t禁止;needn’t不需要;shouldn’t不应该;can’t不会。根据“The radio says it’s not going to rain this afternoon.”可知,此处应该说“你不需要带伞”。故选B。
12.If you have something important to do, you ________ waste any time.
A.needn’t B.mustn’t C.may not D.won’t
【答案】B
【详解】句意:如果你有重要的事情要做,你不能浪费任何时间。
考查情态动词。needn’t不需要;mustn’t不准;may not可能不;won’t将不。根据“If you have something important to do”可知,有重要的事情要做就不能浪费任何时间,应用mustn’t表示“禁止,不准”之意,故选B。
13.According to the new traffic rules, people ________ wear a helmet (头盔) when riding an e-bike.
A.must B.might C.can D.may
【答案】A
【详解】句意:根据新的交通规则,人们在骑电动自行车时必须戴头盔。
考查情态动词。must必须;might可能;can可以;may可能。根据“According to the new traffic rules”可知,交通规则规定骑电动车必须戴头盔,故选A。
14.—Tom, could you please help me take out the rubbish?
—Sorry, I _________, Mom. I am doing my homework now.
A.can B.could C.can’t D.couldn’t
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——吉姆,你能帮我倒垃圾吗?——对不起,我不能,妈妈。我正在做家庭作业。
考查情态动词。can能;could能,过去式;can’t不能;couldn’t不能。根据“Sorry, I…, Mom. I am doing my homework now”可知,此处表示否定回答,即不能,could在一般疑问句中表委婉语气进行请求时,肯定回答使用can,否定回答使用can’t。故选C。
15.You _________ return the book today, you may give it back in a week.
A.mustn’t B.can’t C.needn’t D.shouldn’t
【答案】C
【详解】句意:你不必今天还书,你可以在一周内还回来。
考查情态动词用法。mustn’t不得;can’t不能;needn’t不必;shouldn’t不应该。根据“you may give it back in a week.”可知,今天不必归还这本书。故选C。
16.—________ you pass the book to me?
—No problem.
A.Could B.Should C.Must D.Need
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——你能把书递给我吗?——没问题。
考查情态动词辨析。Could能够,表示委婉语气;Should应该;Must必须;Need需要。结合对话情景可知,此处是请求对方是否能把书递过来,对方欣然同意,所以这里用情态动词could,表示比较委婉客气地提出问题。故选A。
17.If we don’t protect the animals in danger, we __________ lose them all one day.
A.should B.may C.needn’t D.can’t
【答案】B
【详解】句意:如果我们不保护处于危险中的动物,有一天我们可能会失去它们。
考查情态动词辨析。should应该;may可能;needn’t不需要;can’t不能。根据“If we don’t protect the animals in danger, we…lose them all one day.”可知,此处指的是“有一天我们可能会失去它们”,表示推测,因此此处用may。故选B。
18.—The paper cutting is pretty lively. Who made it?
— It __________ be Amy. Nobody in our class except her is able to do it.
A.might B.must C.can’t D.mustn’t
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——剪纸很生动。谁做的? ——一定是艾米。除了她,我们班没有人能做这件事。
考查情态动词。might可能;must一定;can’t不可能;mustn’t禁止。根据“Nobody in our class except her is able to do it.”可知,此处表示肯定推测,应用情态动词must。故选B。
19.—What are you going to do this weekend, Frank?
—I go to see Kung Fu Panda 4, but it depends on whether I can finish my homework.
A.must B.can C.should D.might
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——弗兰克,这个周末你打算做什么?——我可能去看功夫熊猫4,但这取决于我是否能完成我的作业。
考查情态动词。must必须;can能;should应该;might可能。根据“go to see Kung Fu Panda 4, but it depends on whether I can finish my homework”可知,空处表示不确定推测,所以用might,故选D。
20.This pen _________ Ed’s, but I’m not sure.
A.must be B.may be C.can’t be D.mustn’t be
【答案】B
【详解】句意:这支笔可能艾德的,但我不确定。
考查情态动词。must be一定是;may be可能是;can’t be不可能是;mustn’t be不得。根据“but I’m not sure”可知,不确定表明此处是推测可能是艾德的,表示可能性。故选B。
1.(2024·海南·中考真题)—________ I go out with my friend now, Dad?
—I’m afraid you have to finish your homework first.
A.Can B.Should C.Must
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——我现在可以和我的朋友出去了吗,爸爸?——恐怕你得先完成作业。
考查动词辨析。Can可以;Should应该;Must必须。根据“I go out with my friend now, Dad?”可知,此处表示请求许可,需用can表示“可以”。故选A。
2.(2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题)—In order to keep healthy, we ________ have breakfast.
—You’re right. Breakfast is very important for our health.
A.mustn’t B.can’t C.must
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——为了保持健康,我们必须吃早餐。——你是对的。早餐对我们的健康很重要。
考查动词辨析。mustn’t禁止;can’t不能;must必须。根据“In order to keep healthy, we...have breakfast.”可知,早餐对我们的健康很重要,所以我们必须吃早餐。故选C。
3.(2024·江苏南通·中考真题)—Must I use pink to paint my bedroom?
—No, you ________. You can use any colour you like,
A.can’t B.mustn’t C.shouldn’t D.needn’t
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——我必须用粉红色来粉刷我的卧室吗?——不,你不用。你可以用任何你喜欢的颜色。
考查情态动词。can’t不能;mustn’t禁止;shouldn’t不应该;needn’t不必。根据“Must I...”可知其否定回答用needn’t。故选D。
4.(2024·江苏淮安·中考真题)— ________ you show me how to play the violin, Suzy?
— No problem.
A.Can B.Should C.Must D.Need
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——苏西,你能教我怎么拉小提琴吗?——没问题。
考查情景交际。can能,可以;should应该;must必须;need需要。根据“you show me how to play the violin”可知此处是请求许可,can符合语境。故选A。
5.(2024·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题)—Must I come before 6:00 tomorrow morning?
—No, you ________. The meeting will begin at 8:00.
A.mustn’t B.needn’t C.can’t D.shouldn’t
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——我明天早上必须在6点之前来吗?——不,你不必。会议将在8点开始。
考查动词辨析。mustn’t禁止;needn’t不必;can’t不能;shouldn’t不应该。对于must引导的一般疑问句的否定回答,用needn’t或don’t have to。故选B。
6.(2024·西藏·中考真题)You ________ eat too much food before you go to bed, or it’s bad for you.
A.can B.could C.shouldn’t D.would
【答案】C
【详解】句意:你不应该在睡觉前吃太多的食物,否则对你的身体不好。
考查情态动词辨析。can 可以;could可以;shouldn’t不应该;would将会。根据“or it’s bad for you”可知,此处建议睡觉前不要吃太多的食物,故选C。
7.(2024·江苏宿迁·中考真题)Although the little boy is only 6 years old, he _______ do DIY well with his special mind.
A.can B.can’t C.must D.mustn’t
【答案】A
【详解】句意:虽然这个小男孩只有6岁,但他可以用他特殊的头脑做DIY做得很好。
考查情态动词辨析。can可以;can’t不可能;must必须;mustn’t禁止。根据“do DIY well”可知,此处强调能力,能够做DIY,故选A。
8.(2024·江苏常州·中考真题)When you make a fresh salad, you ______ add your favorite fruit if you would like to.
A.may B.should C.must D.have to
【答案】A
【详解】句意:当你做新鲜的沙拉时,如果你想,你可以添加你最喜欢的水果。
考查情态动词辨析。may可以;should应该;must必须;have to不得不。根据“When you make a fresh salad, you ... add your favorite fruit if you would like to.”可知,做沙拉时,你可以添加你最喜欢的水果。故选A。
9.(2024·江苏镇江·中考真题)With the help of modern technology, now people ________ enjoy the proudest moment when China’s first astronaut Yang Liwei entered space.
A.may B.can C.should D.must
【答案】B
【详解】句意:在现代科技的帮助下,现在人们可以享受中国第一位宇航员杨利伟进入太空的最自豪的时刻。
考查情态动词辨析。may可能;can能够,可以;should应该;must必须。根据“With the help of modern technology, now people … enjoy the proudest moment when China’s first astronaut Yang Liwei entered space.”可知,人们可以享受中国第一位宇航员杨利伟进入太空的最自豪的时刻,故选B。
10.(2024·北京·中考真题)— Bill, ________ I use your ruler?
— Of course you can. Here you are.
A.can B.must C.need D.should
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——Bill,我可以用你的尺子吗?——当然可以。给你。
考查情态动词辨析。can可以;must必须;need需要;should应该。根据答语中的“Of course you can.”可知,此处表示“请求使用对方的东西”,can表“请求允许”,符合句意。故选A。
11.(2024·山东菏泽·中考真题)—Whose volleyball is this?
—It ________ be Lucy’s. She loves volleyball.
A.can’t B.must C.mustn’t
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——这是谁的排球?——一定是露西的。她爱排球。
考查情态动词。can’t不是;must一定;mustn’t禁止。根据“She loves volleyball.”可知此处指肯定推测,用must。故选B。
12.(2024·吉林长春·中考真题)Lili ________ be at home. She has gone to the farm to pick apples.
A.mustn’t B.can’t C.must D.can
【答案】B
【详解】句意:莉莉不可能在家。她去农场摘苹果了。
考查情态动词。mustn’t禁止;can’t不可能;must必须;can可以。根据“She has gone to the farm to pick apples.”可知她去农场摘苹果了,所以她不可能在家,表示否定推测用can’t。故选B。
13.(2024·江苏无锡·中考真题)Shh… ! This is a library. You ________ keep your voice down.
A.can B.can’t C.should D.shouldn’t
【答案】C
【详解】句意:嘘……!这里是图书馆。你应该小点声。
考查情态动词辨析和should表示建议。can能;can’t不能;should应该;shouldn’t不应该。根据“This is a library. You...keep your voice down.”可知,此处是建议小点声,故选C。
14.(2024·四川乐山·中考真题)—People ________ wear helmets (头盔) when they ride e-bikes according to the traffic rules.
—Yes. Or they will be punished.
A.must B.can C.may
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——根据交通规则,人们骑电动自行车时必须戴头盔。——是的。否则他们将受到惩罚。
考查动词辨析。must必须;can可以;may也许。根据“People ... wear helmets (头盔) when they ride e-bikes according to the traffic rules.”可知,戴头盔是交通规则,必须遵守,故选A。
15.(2024·黑龙江·中考真题)—Must I answer this question in English?
—No, you ________.
A.mustn’t B.needn’t C.can’t
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——我必须用英语回答这个问题吗?——不,你不必。
考查情态动词及一般疑问句。mustn’t表禁止;needn’t不必;can’t不能。上文是情态动词must引导的一般疑问句,否定回答是:No, 主语+needn’t/don’t have to。故选B。
16.(2024·四川雅安·中考真题)—Is that your friend Laura over there?
—No, it ____________ be Laura. She has gone to Shenzhen.
A.must B.mustn’t C.can D.can’t
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——那边是你的朋友劳拉吗?——不,不可能是她。她去深圳了。
考查情态动词。must一定;mustn’t表禁止;can能够;can’t不可能。根据“She has gone to Shenzhen.”可知,劳拉去深圳了,所以那个人一定不是她。此处表否定推测,用can’t。故选D。
17.(2024·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·中考真题)—Jane, I saw your brother yesterday.
—It ________ be him. My brother is studying in Shenzhen.
A.can’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——简,我昨天看到你哥哥了。——不可能是他。我哥哥在深圳读书。
考查动词辨析和can表推测。根据“It ... be him. My brother is studying in Shenzhen.”可知,哥哥在深圳读书,所以不可能看到他,故选A。
18.(2024·天津·中考真题)It _________ be the only way to solve the problem. There are other choices.
A.may not B.mustn’t C.need D.should
【答案】A
【详解】句意:这可能不是解决问题的唯一方法。还有其他选择。
考查情态动词。may not可能不;mustn’t表禁止;need需要;should应该。根据“There are other choices.”可知,还有其他解决问题的方式,故此处指这可能不是解决问题的唯一方法,应用may not。故选A。
19.(2024·河北·中考真题)—Look! Is that girl Alice?
—No, it ________ be her. She is on a tour in Beijing now.
A.can B.can’t C.must D.mustn’t
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——看!那个女孩是爱丽丝吗?——不,一定不是她。她现在在北京旅行。
考查情态动词。can能够;can’t不可能;must一定;mustn’t表禁止。根据“She is on a tour in Beijing now”可知,爱丽丝正在北京旅行,所以那个女孩一定不是她,此处表否定推测,用can’t。故选B。
20.(2024·福建福州·三模)—Do you know what’ in the box?
—Who knows? It ________ be a pair of shoes.
A.must B.can C.may
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——你知道盒子里是什么吗?——谁知道呢?可能是一双鞋。
考查情态动词。must表示一定,语气肯定;can表示能,语气较弱;may表示可能,语气不确定。根据“Who knows?”可知,对方并不确定盒子里的内容,因此用may表示可能性。故选C。
1.(2024·广西柳州·二模)—Can you say that in English?
—Yes, I ________.
A.could B.can C.should
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你能用英语说吗?——是的,我可以。
考查情态动词。could能,过去式;can能,动词原形;should应该。根据“Can you say that in English?”可知,用can提问,回答也用can回答。故选B。
2.(2024·海南省直辖县级单位·二模)— The light is still on. Who is in the classroom?
— It ______ be Ma Yang. But I am not sure.
A.can’t B.might C.must
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——灯还亮着。谁在教室里?——可能是马阳。但我不确定。
考查情态动词词义辨析。can’t表示推测时,意为“不可能”;might表示推测时,意为“可能”;must表示推测时,意为“一定”。根据“But I am not sure.”可知,此处是说可能是马阳。故选B。
3.(2024·青海玉树·三模)You ________ come if you are busy, we can solve it by ourselves.
A.need B.needn’t C.needs
【答案】B
【详解】句意:如果你很忙,你就不必来了,我们可以自己解决。
考查情态动词。根据“we can solve it by ourselves”可知,应该说如果你很忙就不必来了,need作为情态动词,否定形式是needn’t,后面加动词原形,need作为实义动词时,否定形式需借助助动词don’t/doesn’t/didn’t。故选B。
4.(2024·内蒙古兴安盟·二模)—I saw Mr. Wang in his office just now.
—No, it ________ be him. He has gone to Guangzhou and will be back in two days.
A.mustn’t B.may C.can’t D.should
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——我刚才看见王先生在他的办公室里。 ——不,不可能是他。他去了广州,两天后回来。
考查情态动词。mustn’t禁止;may可能;can’t不可能;should应该。根据“He has gone to Guangzhou”可知他去了广州,那个人不可能是他,此处表否定推测用can’t。故选C。
5.(2024·海南海口·一模)—I ________ find my keys.
—Have you checked in your jacket pockets?
A.can’t B.shouldn’t C.wouldn’t
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——我找不到钥匙了。——你检查过你的夹克口袋了吗?
考查动词辨析。can’t不能;shouldn’t不应该;wouldn’t不会。根据“find my keys.”和“Have you checked in your jacket pockets?”可知,空处应是桌找不到钥匙了。故选A。
6.(2024·吉林长春·二模)—Do you know whose science book it is?
—It ________ be Jack’s! He is very interested in science.
A.must B.can’t C.need D.shouldn’t
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——你知道这是谁的科学书吗?—— 一定是杰克的!他对科学很感兴趣。
考查情态动词。must 一定、肯定,用于肯定推测; can’t 不可能,用于否定推测;need需要; shouldn’t不应该。根据“He is very interested in science.”可知,Jack对科学很感兴趣,是表示肯定推测。故选A。
7.(2024·天津武清·三模)David ________ be happy because our teacher praised his great progress.
A.must B.can C.mustn’t D.can’t
【答案】A
【详解】句意:大卫一定很高兴,因为我们的老师表扬了他的巨大进步。
考查情态动词。must一定;can能;mustn’t禁止;can’t不能。根据“because our teacher praised his great progress.”可知老师表扬了他的巨大进步,所以他一定很开心。故选A。
8.(2024·云南昭通·三模)—Must I wait here all day? I have a lot of work to do.
—No, you ________. You may be back in the afternoon.
A.mustn’t B.can’t C.don’t have to D.shouldn’t
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——我必须在这里等一整天吗?我有很多工作要做。——不,你不需要。你可以下午就回去。
考查情态动词。根据“Must I wait here all day?”可知,含有must提问的疑问句,其否定回答是don’t have to或者needn’t,故选C。
9.(2024·四川自贡·二模)—________ bag is this? It looks so familiar to me.
—It ________ Jim’s. He has a bag like this. I have ever seen him take one.
A.Who’s; maybe B.Whose; maybe C.Whose; may be
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——这是谁的包?我看着好眼熟。——它可能是吉姆的。他有一个像这样的包。我见过他拿过一个。
考查特殊疑问句和情态动词。who’s谁是;whose谁的;maybe可能;may be可能是。根据“bag is this”可知此处询问这是谁的包,疑问词用whose;第二个句子缺少谓语动词,用may be作谓语动词。故选C。
10.(2024·河北张家口·三模)You ________ put up your hands before speaking in class. It’s the rule.
A.may B.would C.should D.might
【答案】C
【详解】句意:你在课堂上发言前应该举手。这是规则。
考查情态动词辨析。may可能;would将;should应该;might可能。根据“put up your hands before speaking in class”可知,此处表示建议,应该举手,故选C。
11.(2024·江苏镇江·二模)—Who has eaten up my “Tianshui Malatang”?
—I don’t know, but it ______ be Tom. He doesn’t like such food at all.
A.mustn’t B.shouldn’t C.can’t D.needn’t
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——谁把我的“天水麻辣烫”吃了?——我不知道,但不会是汤姆。他一点也不喜欢这样的食物。
考查情态动词辨析。mustn’t禁止;shouldn’t不应该;can’t不会;needn’t不需要。由“He doesn’t like such food at all”可知,此处指不会是Tom。故选C。
12.(2024·四川成都·一模)—Is that Miss Gao over there?
—It ________ be her. She has gone to Beijing for a meeting.
A.mustn’t B.can’t C.must
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——那边是高小姐吗?——不可能是她。她去北京开会了。
考查情态动词。mustn’t禁止;can’t不可能;must一定。根据“She has gone to Beijing for a meeting.”可知她去北京开会了,所以那个人不可能是她。故选B。
13.(2024·福建厦门·二模)The restaurant ________ be very good. Few people go there to have meals.
A.can’t B.needn’t C.mustn’t
【答案】A
【详解】句意:这家餐馆不可能很好。很少有人去那里吃饭。
考查情态动词。can’t不可能;needn’t不需要,没必要;mustn’t不准,禁止。根据“Few people go there to have meals.”很少有人在那里吃饭,可推测这家餐馆不可能好吃,应用can’t表示推测,“can’t be”意为“不可能……”。故选A。
14.(2024·江苏南京·二模)We never know what _______ happen in the future, but we can prepare for the worst and hope for the best.
A.must B.might C.shall D.should
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我们永远不知道未来会发生什么,但我们可以做最坏的打算,抱最好的希望。
考查情态动词辨析。must必须;might可能;shall将会;should应该。根据“We never know what … happen in the future”可知,what引导宾语从句,时态为一般将来时,此处使用might,表示“没有把握的推测”。故选B。
15.(2024·北京顺义·二模)—Mum, ________ I clean my bedroom at once?
—No, you needn’t. You can do it after you finish your homework.
A.must B.need C.can D.should
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——妈妈,我必须马上打扫卧室吗?——不,你不必。你可以在完成家庭作业后再做。
考查情态动词。must必须;need需要;can可以;should应该。根据“No, you needn’t”可知此处询问是不是必须马上打扫卧室。故选A。
16.(2024·江苏宿迁·二模)—Must I finish the report tonight?
—No, you ________. You can hand it in the day after tomorrow.
A.mustn’t B.shouldn’t C.needn’t D.can’t
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——我今晚必须完成报告吗?——不必。你可以后天交。
考查情态动词。mustn’t禁止;shouldn’t不应该;needn’t不必;can’t不能。根据“No, you…”可知,此处是否定回答;Must引导的一般疑问句的否定回答用needn’t或don’t have to。故选C。
17.(2024·河北石家庄·模拟预测)—________ you give me a hand? I can’t carry the heavy box by myself.
—With pleasure.
A.Should B.Could C.Must D.May
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你能帮我个忙吗?我一个人搬不动这个重箱子。——乐意效劳。
考查情态动词。should应该;could能够;must必须;may可以。根据“With pleasure.”可知,此处表示请求,Could you do sth“你能做某事吗”,表示委婉地请求。故选B。
18.(2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·模拟预测)—Will you please stay here for another week?
—Sorry, I ________. I’ll have to attend an important meeting.
A.mustn’t B.shouldn’t C.can’t
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——请你在这里再待一个星期好吗?——对不起,我不能。我得参加一个重要会议。
考查情态动词用法。mustn’t禁止;shouldn’t不应该;can’t不能。根据“I’ll have to attend an important meeting.”可知,说话人得去参加一个重要的会议,因此是不能够留下来。故选C。
19.(2024·甘肃平凉·一模)—Is Tony knocking at the door?
—No, it ________ be him. He has gone to Sanya.
A.mustn’t B.can’t C.won’t D.may not
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——是托尼在敲门吗?——不,不可能是他。他去三亚了。
考查情态动词。mustn’t不行,不得,表禁止;can’t不可能,表示否定的推测;won’t不会;may not未必,不见得。 根据下文“He has gone to Sanya.”可知敲门的不可能是托尼,用can’t表示否定的推测。故选B。
20.(2024·江苏常州·一模)You _________ go to the library to renew the book. Online service is much easier and faster.
A.mustn’t B.can’t C.shouldn’t D.needn’t
【答案】D
【详解】句意:你不必去图书馆续借这本书。网上服务更方便快捷。
考查情态动词辨析。mustn’t禁止;can’t不可以;shouldn’t不应该;needn’t没有必要。根据“Online service is much easier and faster.”可知,网络服务更便利,因此不需要去图书馆,故选D。
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