Unit 5 Revealing Nature(基础练）--2024-2025学年高二英语40分钟限时训练（外研版2019选择性必修第一册）

Unit5 Revealing Nature(基础练) —2024-2025学年高二英语40分钟限时训练 （外研版2019选择性必修第一册） 一、语法填空 1．Around forty senior figures from the church attended the ceremony which (date) back many centuries.(所给 2．It is highly recommended that the general public keep one­-metre social (distant) to avoid any possible risk of getting infected. (用所给词的适当形式填空) 3．I (have) all the raw materials prepared before I realized that I should go shopping. (所给词的适当形式填空) 4．In deep sorrow, he said that he (mean) to visit his parents more frequently, but he was always busy with his work. 5．If nothing is done, the oceans (turn) into fish deserts. (所给词的适当形式填空) 6．By the time he arrived from Europe, the disease (break) out in his hometown. (所给词的适当形式填空) 7．The wet weather is (character) of the northwest of their country.(所给词的适当形式填空) 8．His (shock) voice could be heard in the next room. （所给词的适当形式填空） 9．The shark let go of the fish and slid down, swallowing what he as he died. (take) 10．It is too much carbon emission that is (blame) for the global warming. (所给词的适当形式填空) 二、完成句子 1．They had (指派人监视我) twenty-four hours a day. （根据汉语提示完成句子） 2．The school has (充足) resources and equipment. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 3．Ultimately, their ideas (等于) the same thing. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 4． (大家都希望) it won't rain on our camping day. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 5．His parents tried to persuade him to stay in the local city to live a life of leisure; but he had already ______ (下定决心) to work in the countryside. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 6．The war (被宣布为非法)by the International Court of Justice. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 7．Last night , John was answering the letters that _______ （寄给他的）during the past two weeks . （arrive） 8．By the time he died in 2016, Ali ______________________(已被公认为) one of the greatest boxers of all time.（根据汉语提示完成句子） 9． (人性竟是如此), that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming white-collar workers. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 10．What’s more, he had recently received a letter from his father predicting that he would be “ and all your family”.(个人的耻辱)（根据汉语提示完成句子） 三、阅读理解 A (24-25云南昆明阶段练习) Offer a seagull (海鸥) fresh fish and chips, and they’ll take the fish every time. UK researchers have discovered that, given a choice, seagulls prefer seafood to human-made options. In fact, finds the study, even seagulls raised on bread and cat food will choose fish. “Our results suggest that, even when raised on an ‘urban’ diet of foods found only around people, these chicks might be unlikely to seek out urban foods as adults,” says lead author Emma Inzani, a PhD researcher at the Centre for Ecology and Conservation in the University of Exeter, UK. “Human- associated foods are often both reliably present and easy to obtain — but when fish is available they clearly prefer it.” The team of seagull researchers has previously found that seagulls are more likely to want food that has been handled by people rather than left alone, but they’re less likely to steal from people who stare them down. In this latest study,27 herring gulls (银鸥) were raised in captivity (圈养). The birds had all been rescued after falling off roofs in Cornwall, and were later freed. Half of the chicks had access to food that was 80% bread and cat food, and 20% fish and mussels (贻贝) . The other half of the chicks got the opposite spread. At regular intervals every few days, the researchers presented the baby gulls with bowls of all four foods. and tracked what they chose. All of the birds consistently ate the fish, and very few of them ever tried the bread. “Animals can live and explore urban areas for human food waste,” says senior author Dr. Neeltje Boogert. “However, this does not necessarily mean they’re thriving or that they prefer this food, rather than making the best of a bad situation,” adding, “More research is needed to investigate how the food young animals receive affects their later life, including their food choices, health and breeding.” 1．What do seagulls like best according to-UK researchers? A．Cat foods. B．Plant seeds. C．Potato chips. D．Ocean creatures. 2．What can we infer about the herring gulls? A．They were caught in the wild. B．They preferred mussels to fish. C．They were released in the end. D．They stole food from people. 3．What will Dr. Neeltje Boogert probably agree with? A．Animals in urban areas mainly feed on food waste. B．Seagulls rely on food waste to go through difficulty. C．It is clear how animals’ experience affects their life. D．More proof is needed to show seagulls’ food choice. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Seagulls’ Preference for Food B．New Living Habits of Seagulls C．Seagulls’ Choices of Habitats D．Secrets of Seagulls’ Daily Diet B（24-25高二山西吕梁阶段练习） Over the years, movies and books have used tornadoes to sweep their characters off to magical lands, to destroy entire cities, or to defeat a superhero’s dangerous super villain (恶棍). All of these tornadoes have one thing in common: They are incredibly powerful. They can have wind speeds over 300 miles per hour (mph), grow over a mile wide, and travel over 50 miles. They are incredibly dangerous and should be avoided at all costs. Scientists can’t go inside tornadoes, which means that they are extremely hard to research. As a result, we know surprisingly little about them. In order to tell how powerful a tornado is, scientists look at how much destruction it causes. Scientists then rank the tornado on the Enhanced Fujita Scale (级别) (EF-Scale), which ranges from EF0 to EF5. For example, a tornado that only damages trees but doesn’t significantly damage buildings would be rated EFO with wind speeds between 65 and 85 mph. A tornado that blows away buildings and tears up sidewalks, on the other hand, would be rated EF5 with wind speeds over 200 mph. The most powerful tornado in United States history occurred near Oklahoma City in1999. It had wind speeds over 310 mph, the highest wind speed ever recorded on Earth. A tornado with wind speeds that high can not only pick up and throw automobiles, but also knock over trains and tear up roadways. Luckily for anyone living in an area that experiences the occasional tornadoes, they usually only last one to ten minutes. More powerful tornadoes can last over an hour in the right conditions, but they are very rare. If you find yourself experiencing a tornado, find a safe place inside, like an interior hall, basement or closet. Stay away from windows and heavy objects that could fall on you, and lie on your stomach with your hands protecting the back of your head. Having a tornado emergency plan is extremely important as tornadoes can appear very quickly. Make sure to listen to the radio or television to stay updated on serious weather patterns in your area. 5．Which of the following is probably the wind speed of an EF4 tornado? A．65 mph. B．85 mph. C．200 mph. D．310 mph. 6．What can we learn from the example given in paragraph 3? A．Tornadoes can do great harm. B．American cars need developing. C．Oklahoma City had no trains in 1999. D．The strongest tornado occurred in the UK. 7．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．What a tornado is. B．How a tornado forms. C．Tips to survive a tornado. D．How to recognize a tornado. 8．Where is the text most probably taken from? A．A guidebook to the USA． B．An introduction to a historical book. C．A review of famous movies. D．An article on natural disasters. 四、完形填空（23-24高二山东泰安期末考试） Music is said to make one smarter; exercise is believed to help one’s brain function better. Can exercising to music boost brainpower 1 ? In a cognitive (认知的) ability test, some volunteers were asked to 2 Vivaldi’s “Four Seasons” while exercising. It turned out that they performed better than when they exercised without 3 . “The findings suggest exercise 4 people’s cognitive performance,” said Charles Emery, one of the leading researchers. “And listening to music can enhance 5 . Next, the both will be combined to see what will happen,” Emery 6 . Later, Emery and his colleagues launched another test, where 33 patients were asked to exercise with and without music separately after 7 cardiovascular (心血管的) surgery. After the test, the patients reported they felt better physically and 8 after exercising with or without music. 9 , their improvement on cognitive ability doubled when exercising to music. “Exercising to music seems to bring 10 changes in nervous system, which may have a direct 11 on cognitive ability,” Emery said. “The 12 of the two elements may increase cognitive ability to a degree.” Emery said. But the conclusion was not convincing. 13 , the music styles adopted in the previous tests were not colorful. To further prove their findings, Emery intended to 14 more people using different music types. He said: “Given the diversity of music styles, proving what music type works best is 15 .” 1．A．doubly B．partly C．instantly D．absolutely 2．A．sing out B．listen to C．note down D．act out 3．A．movies B．music C．poems D．art 4．A．evaluates B．weakens C．improves D．confirms 5．A．standards B．function C．abilities D．brainpower 6．A．quoted B．discussed C．debated D．added 7．A．finishing B．conducting C．accepting D．giving 8．A．heartily B．bodily C．mentally D．morally 9．A．However B．Thus C．Otherwise D．Instead 10．A．positive B．predictive C．various D．negative 11．A．impression B．result C．feedback D．effect 12．A．relation B．combination C．separation D．assumption 13．A．After all B．All in all C．In closing D．In contrast 14．A．test B．teach C．train D．inspire 15．A．influential B．meaningful C．impressive D．incredible 试卷第2页，共22页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit5 Revealing Nature(基础练) —2024-2025学年高二英语40分钟限时训练 （外研版2019选择性必修第一册） 参考答案 一、语法填空 1．dates 2．distance 3．had had 4．had meant 5．will turn 6．had broken 7．characteristic 8．shocked 9．had taken 10．to blame 二、完成句子 1．assigned someone to watch me 2．any amount of 3．amount to 4．It is hoped that 5．made up his mind 6．was declared illegal 7．had arrived for him 8． had been widely(universally/generally/globally) recognized as(considered as/acknowledged as) 9．Such is human nature 10．a disgrace to yourself 三、阅读理解 1．D 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．C 8．D 四 、完形填空 1．A 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．D 6．D 7．C 8．C 9．A 10．A 11．D 12．B 13．A 14．A 15．B 试卷第2页，共22页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit5 Revealing Nature(基础练) —2024-2025学年高二英语40分钟限时训练 （外研版2019选择性必修第一册） 一、语法填空 1．Around forty senior figures from the church attended the ceremony which (date) back many centuries.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】dates 【详解】考查时态。句意：大约四十位来自教会的资深人士参加了这个可以追溯到几百年前的仪式。先行词the ceremony后接定语从句，定语从句缺乏谓语，此处用谓语动词，“追溯到几百年前的仪式”讲的是事实，时态用一般现在时，先行词the ceremony在从句中作主语，是单数，谓语也用单数形式，date back （追溯到）只能用主动语态，不可用被动。故填dates。 2．It is highly recommended that the general public keep one­-metre social (distant) to avoid any possible risk of getting infected. (用所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】distance 【详解】考查名词。句意：强烈建议公众保持一米的社交距离，以避免任何可能的感染风险。空处用于形容词social之后，应用名词distance，表示“距离”，social distance表示“社交距离”，作动词keep的宾语，符合题意。故填distance。 3．I (have) all the raw materials prepared before I realized that I should go shopping. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】had had 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在我意识到我应该去购物之前，我已经准备好了所有的原材料。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，由before后面的动词realized可知，此处动作应发生在realized之前，为过去的过去，即过去完成时。故填had had。 4．In deep sorrow, he said that he (mean) to visit his parents more frequently, but he was always busy with his work. 【答案】had meant 【详解】had meant 考查谓语动词的时态及语态。had meant to do ，为固定用法，“本来打算做某事而没做”。分析句意可知，他伤心地说他本来打算经常去看望父母，但他总是忙于工作。因此要用had meant。 5．If nothing is done, the oceans (turn) into fish deserts. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】will turn 【详解】考查时态。句意：如果什么都不做，海洋将变成鱼类的沙漠。“If nothing is done”是if引导的条件状语从句，此处符合“主将从现”原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来，且oceans和动词turn为主动关系，所以此处应用一般将来时，故填will turn。 6．By the time he arrived from Europe, the disease (break) out in his hometown. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】 had broken 【详解】考查时态。句意：当他从欧洲回来时，他的家乡已经爆发了这种疾病。by the time+过去时间，主句过去完成。根据句意，故填had broken。 7．The wet weather is (character) of the northwest of their country.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】characteristic 【详解】考查名词。句意：潮湿的天气是他们国家西北部的特征。 be  characteristic of 固定短语，“.......的特点，.....的特征”，故填characteristic。 8．His (shock) voice could be heard in the next room. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】shocked 【详解】考查形容词。句意：隔壁房间都能听到他震惊的声音。空处应填形容词作定语，修饰voice，指人的声音，应用shocked“震惊的”。故填shocked。 9．The shark let go of the fish and slid down, swallowing what he as he died. (take) 【答案】had taken 【详解】句意：鲨鱼松开了它咬住的鱼，身子朝下滑，临死前还把它咬下的肉吞了下去。此处表示的动作发生在died之前，也就是过去的过去，应该用过去完成时，故填had taken。 10．It is too much carbon emission that is (blame) for the global warming. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to blame 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：过多的碳排放是全球变暖的罪魁祸首。此处为短语be to blame表示“该受责备，应承担责任”。故填to blame。 二、完成句子 1．They had (指派人监视我) twenty-four hours a day. （根据汉语提示完成句子） 【答案】assigned someone to watch me 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：他们已经派人一天24小时监视我。根据汉语提示“指派某人做某事”可知短语为assign sb. to do sth.；表示“监视”应用watch。结合上文had可知为过去完成时。故填assigned someone to watch me。 2．The school has (充足) resources and equipment. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】any amount of 【详解】考查数词。句意：这所学校有充足的资源和设备。any amount of 表示“很多，大量的”，后面加可数名词复数或不可数名词。故填any amount of。 3．Ultimately, their ideas (等于) the same thing. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】amount to 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：最终,他们的想法等于同样的事情。分析句子可知，主语their ideas后面缺少谓语动词，表示“等于”用amount to，主语是复数，谓语动词也用复数形式，故填amount to。 4． (大家都希望) it won't rain on our camping day. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】It is hoped that 【详解】考查固定句式。句意：大家都希望我们露营的那天不要下雨。根据汉语提示，该题应用It is hoped that句式。it是形式主语，that引导主语从句。it和hope之间是被动关系，故该句式用被动语态。故填It is hoped that。 5．His parents tried to persuade him to stay in the local city to live a life of leisure; but he had already ______ (下定决心) to work in the countryside. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】made up his mind 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：他的父母试图说服他留在当地的城市过悠闲的生活；但他已经下定决心要到农村去工作。根据汉语提示可知短语为make up one's mind，结合上文had可知为过去完成时。故填made up his mind。 6．The war (被宣布为非法)by the International Court of Justice. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】was declared illegal 【详解】考查时态及语态。句意：这场战争被国际法庭宣布为非法。根据句子分析及句意可知，空处谓动的动作发生在过去，故时态为一般过去时，且主语the war和谓动为被动关系；谓语动词后接形容词illegal非法的，作宾语补足语。故填was declared illegal。 7．Last night , John was answering the letters that _______ （寄给他的）during the past two weeks . （arrive） 【答案】had arrived for him 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：昨晚，约翰在回复过去两周收到的信件。分析句子结构可知此处是句子定语从句部分修饰名词letters。汉语提示“寄给他的” 的英语是arrive for him，根据时间状语during the past two weeks可知，应使用过去完成时：had arrived for him。故填had arrived for him。 8．By the time he died in 2016, Ali ______________________(已被公认为) one of the greatest boxers of all time.（根据汉语提示完成句子） 【答案】 had been widely(universally/generally/globally) recognized as(considered as/acknowledged as) 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：到2016年去世时，阿里已被公认为有史以来最伟大的拳击手之一。“被认为”使用固定短语be recognized/considered/acknowledged as，使用副词widely/universally/generally/globally作状语修饰动词，根据时间状语“By the time he died in 2016”可知，此处指过去某一时间前就已经发生或完成的动作，用过去完成时，故填had been widely(universally/generally/globally) recognized as(considered as/acknowledged as)。 9． (人性竟是如此), that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming white-collar workers. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】Such is human nature 【详解】考查固定句型和倒装。句意：人性竟是如此，许多人常常情愿放弃较高的工资以换取做白领工人的殊荣。“人性”是名词human nature，表示“如此……以至于”应该用such… that句型。当such位于句首时，such所在句子应部分倒装；此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，根据汉语提示，可知主句谓语动词为is，部分倒装时将其置于主语之前。故填Such is human nature。 10．What’s more, he had recently received a letter from his father predicting that he would be “ and all your family”.(个人的耻辱)（根据汉语提示完成句子） 【答案】a disgrace to yourself 【详解】考查名词和反身代词。句意：更重要的是，他最近收到了父亲的一封信，预言他将是“你自己和你全家的耻辱”。“耻辱”是a disgrace，“个人的耻辱”是a disgrace to yourself，故填a disgrace to yourself。 三、阅读理解 A (24-25云南昆明阶段练习) Offer a seagull (海鸥) fresh fish and chips, and they’ll take the fish every time. UK researchers have discovered that, given a choice, seagulls prefer seafood to human-made options. In fact, finds the study, even seagulls raised on bread and cat food will choose fish. “Our results suggest that, even when raised on an ‘urban’ diet of foods found only around people, these chicks might be unlikely to seek out urban foods as adults,” says lead author Emma Inzani, a PhD researcher at the Centre for Ecology and Conservation in the University of Exeter, UK. “Human- associated foods are often both reliably present and easy to obtain — but when fish is available they clearly prefer it.” The team of seagull researchers has previously found that seagulls are more likely to want food that has been handled by people rather than left alone, but they’re less likely to steal from people who stare them down. In this latest study,27 herring gulls (银鸥) were raised in captivity (圈养). The birds had all been rescued after falling off roofs in Cornwall, and were later freed. Half of the chicks had access to food that was 80% bread and cat food, and 20% fish and mussels (贻贝) . The other half of the chicks got the opposite spread. At regular intervals every few days, the researchers presented the baby gulls with bowls of all four foods. and tracked what they chose. All of the birds consistently ate the fish, and very few of them ever tried the bread. “Animals can live and explore urban areas for human food waste,” says senior author Dr. Neeltje Boogert. “However, this does not necessarily mean they’re thriving or that they prefer this food, rather than making the best of a bad situation,” adding, “More research is needed to investigate how the food young animals receive affects their later life, including their food choices, health and breeding.” 1．What do seagulls like best according to-UK researchers? A．Cat foods. B．Plant seeds. C．Potato chips. D．Ocean creatures. 2．What can we infer about the herring gulls? A．They were caught in the wild. B．They preferred mussels to fish. C．They were released in the end. D．They stole food from people. 3．What will Dr. Neeltje Boogert probably agree with? A．Animals in urban areas mainly feed on food waste. B．Seagulls rely on food waste to go through difficulty. C．It is clear how animals’ experience affects their life. D．More proof is needed to show seagulls’ food choice. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Seagulls’ Preference for Food B．New Living Habits of Seagulls C．Seagulls’ Choices of Habitats D．Secrets of Seagulls’ Daily Diet 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了英国研究人员关于海鸥食物偏好的研究结果，探讨了海鸥在面对不同食物选择时的行为，并强调了这一发现对于理解海鸥食性及其对后期生活影响的重要性。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Offer a seagull (海鸥) fresh fish and chips, and they’ll take the fish every time. UK researchers have discovered that, given a choice, seagulls prefer seafood to human-made options. (给海鸥新鲜的鱼和薯条，它们每次都会吃鱼。英国研究人员发现，如果可以选择，海鸥更喜欢海鲜而不是人类制造的食物)”可知，海鸥最喜欢的是海洋生物。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“The birds had all been rescued after falling off roofs in Cornwall, and were later freed. (这些鸟都是从康沃尔的屋顶上掉下来后获救的，后来都被释放了)”可知，这些银鸥最终被释放了。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“More research is needed to investigate how the food young animals receive affects their later life, including their food choices, health and breeding. (需要更多的研究来调查幼年动物接受的食物如何影响它们的晚年生活，包括它们的食物选择、健康和繁殖)”可知，Dr. Neeltje Boogert认为需要更多的证据来展示海鸥的食物选择。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据文章第一段“Offer a seagull  fresh fish and chips, and they’ll take the fish every time. UK researchers have discovered that, given a choice, seagulls prefer seafood to human - made options. (给海鸥新鲜的鱼和薯条，它们每次都会吃鱼。英国研究人员发现，如果可以选择，海鸥更喜欢海鲜而不是人类制造的食物)”可知，文章主要讨论了海鸥对食物的偏好，所以“海鸥对食物的偏好”适合作为文章标题。故选A。 B（24-25高二山西吕梁阶段练习） Over the years, movies and books have used tornadoes to sweep their characters off to magical lands, to destroy entire cities, or to defeat a superhero’s dangerous super villain (恶棍). All of these tornadoes have one thing in common: They are incredibly powerful. They can have wind speeds over 300 miles per hour (mph), grow over a mile wide, and travel over 50 miles. They are incredibly dangerous and should be avoided at all costs. Scientists can’t go inside tornadoes, which means that they are extremely hard to research. As a result, we know surprisingly little about them. In order to tell how powerful a tornado is, scientists look at how much destruction it causes. Scientists then rank the tornado on the Enhanced Fujita Scale (级别) (EF-Scale), which ranges from EF0 to EF5. For example, a tornado that only damages trees but doesn’t significantly damage buildings would be rated EFO with wind speeds between 65 and 85 mph. A tornado that blows away buildings and tears up sidewalks, on the other hand, would be rated EF5 with wind speeds over 200 mph. The most powerful tornado in United States history occurred near Oklahoma City in1999. It had wind speeds over 310 mph, the highest wind speed ever recorded on Earth. A tornado with wind speeds that high can not only pick up and throw automobiles, but also knock over trains and tear up roadways. Luckily for anyone living in an area that experiences the occasional tornadoes, they usually only last one to ten minutes. More powerful tornadoes can last over an hour in the right conditions, but they are very rare. If you find yourself experiencing a tornado, find a safe place inside, like an interior hall, basement or closet. Stay away from windows and heavy objects that could fall on you, and lie on your stomach with your hands protecting the back of your head. Having a tornado emergency plan is extremely important as tornadoes can appear very quickly. Make sure to listen to the radio or television to stay updated on serious weather patterns in your area. 5．Which of the following is probably the wind speed of an EF4 tornado? A．65 mph. B．85 mph. C．200 mph. D．310 mph. 6．What can we learn from the example given in paragraph 3? A．Tornadoes can do great harm. B．American cars need developing. C．Oklahoma City had no trains in 1999. D．The strongest tornado occurred in the UK. 7．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．What a tornado is. B．How a tornado forms. C．Tips to survive a tornado. D．How to recognize a tornado. 8．Where is the text most probably taken from? A．A guidebook to the USA． B．An introduction to a historical book. C．A review of famous movies. D．An article on natural disasters. 【答案】5．C 6．A 7．C 8．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是龙卷风以及如何应对龙卷风。 5．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“A tornado that blows away buildings and tears up sidewalks, on the other hand, would be rated EF5 with wind speeds over 200 mph.(另一方面，吹走建筑物并撕裂人行道的龙卷风将被评为EF5级，风速超过200英里/小时。)”可知，EF4级别的龙卷风风速可能是200 mph左右。故选C项。 6．细节理解题。根据第三段“It had wind speeds over 310 mph, the highest wind speed ever recorded on Earth. A tornado with wind speeds that high can not only pick up and throw automobiles, but also knock over trains and tear up roadways.(它的风速超过每小时310英里，是地球上有记录以来的最高风速。风速如此之高的龙卷风不仅可以卷起并抛起汽车，还可以撞倒火车，撕毁道路。)”可知，本段的例子告诉我们：龙卷风的危害很大。故选A项。 7．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“If you find yourself experiencing a tornado, find a safe place inside, like an interior hall, basement or closet. Stay away from windows and heavy objects that could fall on you, and lie on your stomach with your hands protecting the back of your head. Having a tornado emergency plan is extremely important as tornadoes can appear very quickly. Make sure to listen to the radio or television to stay updated on serious weather patterns in your area.(如果你发现自己正在经历龙卷风，在室内找一个安全的地方，比如室内大厅、地下室或壁橱。远离窗户和可能砸到你的重物，趴着用手保护后脑勺。有一个龙卷风应急计划是非常重要的，因为龙卷风会很快出现。一定要收听广播或电视，及时了解你所在地区恶劣天气的最新情况。)”可知，本段主要介绍了如何在龙卷风中幸存的小贴士。故选C项。 8．推理判断题。通读全文以及根据第一段“All of these tornadoes have one thing in common: They can have wind speeds over 300 miles per hour (mph), grow over a mile wide, and travel over 50 miles. They are incredibly dangerous and should be avoided at all costs.(所有这些龙卷风都有一个共同点:它们的风速可以超过每小时300英里(每小时300英里)，生长宽度超过一英里，行进距离超过50英里。它们非常危险，应该不惜一切代价避免。)”可知，文章主要介绍了什么是龙卷风以及如何应对龙卷风。所以来自一篇关于自然灾害的文章。故选D项。 四、完形填空（23-24高二山东泰安期末考试） Music is said to make one smarter; exercise is believed to help one’s brain function better. Can exercising to music boost brainpower 1 ? In a cognitive (认知的) ability test, some volunteers were asked to 2 Vivaldi’s “Four Seasons” while exercising. It turned out that they performed better than when they exercised without 3 . “The findings suggest exercise 4 people’s cognitive performance,” said Charles Emery, one of the leading researchers. “And listening to music can enhance 5 . Next, the both will be combined to see what will happen,” Emery 6 . Later, Emery and his colleagues launched another test, where 33 patients were asked to exercise with and without music separately after 7 cardiovascular (心血管的) surgery. After the test, the patients reported they felt better physically and 8 after exercising with or without music. 9 , their improvement on cognitive ability doubled when exercising to music. “Exercising to music seems to bring 10 changes in nervous system, which may have a direct 11 on cognitive ability,” Emery said. “The 12 of the two elements may increase cognitive ability to a degree.” Emery said. But the conclusion was not convincing. 13 , the music styles adopted in the previous tests were not colorful. To further prove their findings, Emery intended to 14 more people using different music types. He said: “Given the diversity of music styles, proving what music type works best is 15 .” 1．A．doubly B．partly C．instantly D．absolutely 2．A．sing out B．listen to C．note down D．act out 3．A．movies B．music C．poems D．art 4．A．evaluates B．weakens C．improves D．confirms 5．A．standards B．function C．abilities D．brainpower 6．A．quoted B．discussed C．debated D．added 7．A．finishing B．conducting C．accepting D．giving 8．A．heartily B．bodily C．mentally D．morally 9．A．However B．Thus C．Otherwise D．Instead 10．A．positive B．predictive C．various D．negative 11．A．impression B．result C．feedback D．effect 12．A．relation B．combination C．separation D．assumption 13．A．After all B．All in all C．In closing D．In contrast 14．A．test B．teach C．train D．inspire 15．A．influential B．meaningful C．impressive D．incredible 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．D 6．D 7．C 8．C 9．A 10．A 11．D 12．B 13．A 14．A 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了研究发现，通过结合音乐与运动，可能对人的认知能力和大脑功能产生积极影响的研究。 1．考查副词词义辨析。句意：边听音乐边锻炼能加倍提高脑力吗？A. doubly加倍地，更加；B. partly部分地；C. instantly立即；D. absolutely绝对地。根据上文“Music is said to make one smarter; exercise is believed to help one’s brain function better.”可知，此处提出问题，边听音乐边锻炼是否可以加倍提高脑力，doubly表示“加倍地，更加”，符合语境。故选A。 2．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在一项认知能力测试中，一些志愿者被要求在锻炼时听维瓦尔第的《四季》。A. sing out大声唱出；B. listen to聆听；C. note down记下；D. act out表演出来。根据上文“Can exercising to music boost brainpower  ___1___  ?”以及下文“Vivaldi’s “Four Seasons” while exercising”可知，此处表示边听音乐边锻炼，一些志愿者被要求在锻炼时听维瓦尔第的《四季》。故选B。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：结果表明，他们听音乐锻炼时的表现比不听音乐锻炼时要好。A. movies电影；B. music音乐；C. poems诗歌；D. art艺术。根据上文“some volunteers were asked to  ___2___  Vivaldi’s “Four Seasons” while exercising.”可知，此处表示对志愿者锻炼时听音乐和锻炼时不听音乐的表现进行对比，结果表明，听音乐锻炼时的表现更好。故选B。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究结果表明，锻炼可以提高人们的认知表现。A. evaluates评估；B. weakens削弱；C. improves提高；D. confirms确认。根据上文“exercise is believed to help one’s brain function better.”可知，锻炼对大脑有积极影响，可以提高人们的认知表现。故选C。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：埃默里补充道：“并且听音乐可以增强脑力。接下来，两者将结合起来，看看会发生什么。”。A. standards标准；B. function功能；C. abilities能力；D. brainpower脑力。根据上文“Music is said to make one smarter”可知，此处表示听音乐能让人更聪明，可以增强脑力。故选D。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：埃默里补充道：“并且听音乐可以增强脑力。接下来，两者将结合起来，看看会发生什么。”。A. quoted引用；B. discussed讨论；C. debated辩论；D. added补充道。根据上文“said Charles Emery,”可知，此处埃默里继续补充说道。故选D。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：之后，埃默里和他的同事发起了另一项测试，其中33名患者在接受心血管手术后分别在有无音乐的情况下锻炼。A. finishing完成；B. conducting实施；C. accepting接受；D. giving给予。根据上文“33 patients”以及下文“cardiovascular (心血管的) surgery”可知，此处表示患者接受心血管手术。故选C。 8．考查副词词义辨析。句意：测试后，患者报告说，在有无音乐的锻炼后，他们的身体和精神都感觉更好。A. heartily衷心地；B. bodily身体上；C. mentally精神上；D. morally道德上。根据上文“the patients reported they felt better physically and”以及下文“ their improvement on cognitive ability doubled when exercising to music”可知，空处与physically并列，表示患者报告说在身体和精神上都感觉更好。故选C。 9．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，当随着音乐锻炼时，他们的认知能力提高了一倍。A. However然而；B. Thus因此；C. Otherwise否则；D. Instead代替。根据上文“After the test, the patients reported they felt better physically and  ___8___  after exercising with or without music.”以及下文“their improvement on cognitive ability doubled when exercising to music.”可知，前后句子表示转折关系，应用副词however，表示“然而”。故选A。 10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：埃默里说：“听音乐锻炼似乎会给神经系统带来积极的变化，这可能会对认知能力产生直接影响。”。A. positive积极的；B. predictive预测性的；C. various各种各样的；D. negative消极的。根据上文“their improvement on cognitive ability doubled when exercising to music.”可知，听音乐锻炼会对神经系统带来积极的变化。故选A。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：埃默里说：“听音乐锻炼似乎会给神经系统带来积极的变化，这可能会对认知能力产生直接影响。”。A. impression印象；B. result结果；C. feedback反馈；D. effect影响。根据上文“Exercising to music seems to bring  ___10___  changes in nervous system, which may have a direct”可知，听音乐锻炼会对神经系统带来变化，所以此处表示这会对认知能力产生影响。故选D。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这两个要素的结合可能会在一定程度上提高认知能力。A. relation关系；B. combination结合；C. separation分离；D. assumption假设。根据上文“In a cognitive (认知的) ability test, some volunteers were asked to  ___2___  Vivaldi’s “Four Seasons” while exercising.”以及“ their improvement on cognitive ability doubled when exercising to music”可知，此处表示音乐和锻炼两个要素结合可能会在一定程度上提高认知能力。故选B。 13．考查固定短语辨析。句意：毕竟，之前测试中采用的音乐风格并不多样化。A. After all毕竟；B. All in all总的来说；C. In closing最后；D. In contrast相比之下。根据上文“But the conclusion was not convincing.”以及语境可知，此处用于引出对先前研究的一个补充说明，毕竟之前测试中的音乐风格并不多样化。故选A。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了进一步证明他们的发现，埃默里打算测试更多使用不同音乐类型的人。A. test测试；B. teach教；C. train训练；D. inspire激励。根据上文“To further prove their findings, Emery intended to”以及语境可知，此处表示使用不同音乐类型来对更多的人进行测试。故选A。 15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：考虑到音乐风格的多样性，证明哪种音乐类型最有效是有意义的。A. influential有影响力的；B. meaningful有意义的；C. impressive令人印象深刻的；D. incredible难以置信的。根据上文“Given the diversity of music styles, proving what music type works best is”可知，音乐风格具有多样性，所以证明哪种音乐类型最有效是有意义的。故选B。 试卷第2页，共22页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$