Unit 4 Natural Disasters Discovering Useful Structures课堂精练（含答案） -2024-2025学年高一英语上学期课堂精练（人教版2019必修第一册）

人教版（2019）必修第一册Unit 4 Natural Disasters Discovering Useful Structures 课堂精练 1、 单词拼写(共8小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分20分) 1. It is very important to know first aid kit in case of e________________. 2. The government promised the public to increase the__________(供应量)of green products in the market. 3. Having a good sense of smell, dogs are often used to search for those s__________ in an earthquake. 4. When seeing we were trapped, one of the rescue workers came to our a______________. 5.The judge finally blew the w___________ which meant the game came to a stop. 6.The______________(火山)erupted last year killing about 600 people of the kitchen. 7. Sara is usually a __________________(沉着的)girl， but she lost it after being laughed at in public. 8. For the first time in my life,I experienced such a strong______________(台风). 2． 单句语法填空(共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分) 1.The drug has a powerful effect 　　　　the brain.  2.She 　　　　(crash) into a waiter and his drinks went flying.  3.This soft piece of music always can calm him 　　　　.  4.You can either collect the goods or have them 　　　　(deliver).  5.Houses 　　　　are built by the lake cost more.  6.Once getting lung cancer, a patient is lucky 　　　　(survive) for five years.  7.There are experts 　　　　hand to give you all the help and advice you need.  8.This is the pipeline which supplies the major Greek cities 　　　　Russian natural gas.  9.People usually clean house on the 24th day of the 12th lunar month to sweep 　　　　bad luck.  10.The school needs teachers 　　　　are trained or educated in the United States and understand American society.  三、阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分20分) 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项 (A 、B 、C 和 D) 中, 选出最佳选项。 A Once upon a time, there was a small village in the center of a big forest. All the villagers were used to their robotic farm work and none of them had the imagination or the will (意愿) to try something new, except for one girl named Jo. Very few could read or write, and Jo was one of them. One afternoon, when Jo was on one of her explorations in the forest, she came upon an abandoned cottage (废弃小屋). Though she’d been warned to stay away from abandoned places, her curiosity got the best of her. She slid in and was amazed to find a room full of books! Jo’s excitement was huge when she realized she had found a hidden treasure. She ran to tell the villagers everything, thinking that they would share her excitement but instead, she heard roars of laughter! Jo was confused by this reaction (反应) and a little hurt too, but she did not give up on her books. She came to the cottage every day and got down to reading the books. For her, each page was an adventure with characters who challenged difficulties with their determination and who struggled for good. Knowing the power of stories in impressing on people the values of life, she decided to share the stories with the villagers, though she knew it would be a difficult journey. Making this her mission (使命), Jo started telling stories every day at her cottage. In the beginning, only a few came to the readings. But word spread rapidly, causing more and more people to come, some of whom even traveled from far away to just listen to her stories. She also conducted workshops in which she taught people how to read and write. She was remembered and lived in her stories even after she was long gone. 1. What do the underlined words “got the best of” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Prevented. B. Frightened. C. Cheated. D. Beat. 2. Why did the villagers laugh when Jo told them her discovery? A. They already knew it. B. They thought nothing of it. C. It was related to something fun. D. It was all Jo’s imagination. 3. Which of the following best describe Jo? A. Caring but confusing. B. Honest and helpful. C. Adventurous but careless. D. Determined and influential. 4. What is a suitable title for the text? A. The Discovery of a Hidden Treasure B. Jo’s Journey: from Adventure to Education C. The Power of Stories in Challenging Difficulties D. Jo’s Adventure: Unearthing an Abandoned Cottage B “Hallucinate” — the Word of 2023 Cambridge Dictionary has named “hallucinate” as the word of the year for 2023 — while giving it an added new meaning relating to AI (artificial intelligence) technology. The added Cambridge Dictionary definition (定义) reads: “When an AI hallucinates, it produces false information, which can vary (变化) from suggestions that seem perfectly believable to ones that are clearly non-sense.” Wendalyn Nichols, Cambridge Dictionary’s publishing manager, said: “The fact that AIs can ‘hallucinate’ reminds us that humans still need to bring their critical (批判的) thinking skills to the use of these tools. AIs can draw out specific information we need from huge amounts and piece it together. That’s amazing. But they just stop there. The more original (原创的) you ask them to be, the likelier they are to go wrong.” Actually, at their best, AIs can only be as dependable as their training information. Humans’ professional knowledge is more important than ever, to create the truthful and up-to-date information that AIs can be trained on. AIs can hallucinate in a confident and thus more misleading manner. Their influences have been shown in real-world examples. In Google’s advertisement for its chatbot Bard, the AI tool made an error about the James Webb Space Telescope. A US law company used cases made up by AIs in court after using ChatGPT for legal research. “The widespread use of the word ‘hallucinate’ to refer to mistakes by AIs offers us a quick look at how we’re treating them as our equals,” said Dr Henry, an AI ethicist at Cambridge University. “‘Hallucinate’ is originally a verb suggesting someone experiencing a disconnect from reality,” he continued. “It mirrors an unnoticeable change in perception (认知): the AI, not the user, is the one ‘hallucinating’”. It seems that as time progresses, psychological vocabulary will be further enlarged to describe the strange abilities of the new intelligences we’re creating. 5. What can be learned about the false information AIs produce? A. It doesn’t make any sense to us. B. We didn’t know about it until 2023. C. It happens because of AIs’ limitation. D. We invented a new word to describe it. 6. What may be the key to training AIs? A. The information they’re offered. B. The way they’re trained in. C. The human experts they work with. D. The thinking skills they use. 7. Why does the author mention Google’s advertisement in paragraph 5? A. To introduce a new topic. B. To prove an established fact. C. To compare the effects AIs produce. D. To list AIs’ different applications. 8. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. The proper way to treat AIs. B. People’s understanding of AIs. C. Comments on the new use of “hallucinate”. D. The change in the meaning of “hallucinate”. 四、完形填空(共15小题：每题2分, . 满分30分) 阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A 、B 、C和 D 四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处 的最佳选项。 When I was a child, there was nothing I loved more than painting. It was my. 1 of joy. I could spend hours being lost in my 2 , bringing to life the images in my mind. However, after graduating from college, the 3 of work took hold. The hobby that filled my childhood with happiness 4 faded away(逐渐消失). One sunny day I found myself 5 in a nearby park. I. 6 a group of children sitting together, their eyes. 7 wonder and their hands covered in paint. They were laughing. describing their dreams on 8 , and at that moment, I was transported back to my own childhood. 9 those kids, I realized that I had lost something precious(宝贵的)along the way. It was time to reconnect with the 10 within, to rediscover the world of colors and imagination. Despite the 11 life, I decided to pick up my brushes and 12 to the world of art. Painting has become a way to 13 the beautiful moments of my life, whether it is a golden sunset, a beautiful flower, or a lazy afternoon. I paint not to become a famous artist, but to 14 the joy of my childhood, to 15 the simple pleasures of life, and to hold onto the magical world of imagination. 1. A. price B. source C. flash D. result 2. A. imagination B. homework C. fear D. confusion 3. A. excitement B. power C. pressure D. expectation 4. A. gradually B. probably C. wildly D. hopefully 5. A. chatting B. sweating C. cheating D. walking 6. A. taught B. noticed C. recognized D. remembered 7. A. waiting for B. begging for C. filled with D. alarmed with 8. A. paper B. wood C. books D. novels 9. A. Watching B. Holding C. Helping D. Checking 10. A. architect B. soldier C. adult D. artist 11. A. free B. quiet C. busy D. boring 12. A. agree B. adapt C. refer D. return 13. A. plan B. record C. face D. recover 14. A. reduce B. balance C. relive D. destroy 15. A. trap B. appreciate C. expect D. hide 五、语法填空 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分) My grandma is a gentle lady. Like many women of her time, she has a talent___1___sewing(缝纫). She made all my childhood clothes by hand. As a young girl, I didn't like playing outside with my friends. I preferred to spend time___2___(help)her sew. My grandma taught me___3___to express love and care. Almost a year ago, I was struggling___4___(find)a birthday present for my friend when a thought came to me: "Why don't I sew her a gift?" I made a___5___(decide)to sew her a pencil case. I cut out material from___6___old skirt, drew a design and started sewing.___7___took me many tries to complete the case. The final result wasn't as pretty as I had imagined, but it was___8___(good)pencil case I could make. Just yesterday, my friend___9___(call)me and said that every time sees the pencil case, she thinks of me and gets a warm feeling. Hearing____10____she said made me very happy. 答案 单词拼写 1. emergency 2.supply 3.survivors 4.aid 5.whistle 6.volcano 7.calm 8.typhoon 单句语法填空 1.on　2.crashed　3.down　4.delivered　5.which/that　6.to survive　7.on　8.with　9.away 10.who/that 阅读理解 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. D 4. B 【答案】5. C 6. A 7. B 8. C 完形填空 1-5 BACAD 6-10 BCAAD 11-15 CDBCB 语法填空 【答案】 1. for 2. helping 3. how 4. to find 5. decision 6. an 7. It 8. the best 9. called 10. what 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$