必修第3册 Unit 6 Disaster and hope(Word讲义)-【创新教程】2025年高考英语艺考生文化课总复习（外研版）

Unit 6　Disaster and hope [Part 1　巧记·课标单词] 写 作 单 词 | 悉 其 识 1.immediately adv.　　即刻，马上 2．hurricane n. 飓风 3．grab v. 抓住 4．rescue v. 营救 5．emergency n. 紧急情况 6．claim v. 声称 7．crisis n. 危机 8．satellite n. 人造卫星 9.billion num.　十亿 10．nowhere adv. 无处 11．otherwise adv. 否则，要不然 12．midnight n. 子夜，午夜 13．county n. 县 14．property n. 财产，资产 15．shelter n. 庇护，掩蔽 16．sufficient adj. 足够的，充足的 拓 展 单 词 | 通 其 用 1.disaster n．灾难→disastrous adj.灾难性的 2．erupt vi.(火山)爆发；突然发生→eruption n．火山爆发；(战争等)爆发 3．occur vi.发生→occurrence n．发生 4．announce vt.宣布；通告→announcement n．通知；宣告→announcer n．播音员；宣告者 5．reliable adj.可信赖的；可靠的→rely vi.依靠；依赖 6．threaten v. 威胁→threat n．威胁→threatening adj.具有威胁的 阅 读 单 词 | 明 其 义 1.tube n．管子 2．plus adj. 多，余 3．landslide n. 滑坡 4．forecast v. 预测，预报 5．tsunami n. 海啸 6．typhoon n. 台风 7.blizzard n．　暴风雪 8．avalanche n. 雪崩 9．exceptionally adv. 极其 10．precisely adv. 精确地 11．helicopter n. 直升机 12．mosquito n. 蚊子 [Part 2　闪记·核心短语] 1.have_yet_to　还没有 2．suffer_from 遭受……之苦 3．in_ruins 毁坏，严重受损 4．lose_one's_life 失去生命 5．hand_in_hand 手牵手 6.take action　采取行动 7．make it 获得成功 8．look through 浏览 9．compared with/to 与……相比 10．look out for 注意察看，留心 [Part 3　速记·经典句式] 典型句式 教材原句 1.now that引导的原因状语从句 Now_that_it's_hard_to_avoid_a_disaster_on_Earth(既然在地球上很难避免灾难)，perhaps I should start thinking about moving to space... 2.简单句和并列句的省略 My office is only on the third floor of the building, so_quite_low(所以相当低矮)． 3.on (doing) sth.的用法 On hearing_the_news (一听到这个消息), China was quick to start organising emergency aid. [Part 4　识记·熟词生义] 你知道下面句子黑体词的词性和汉语意思吗？ 1.(2020·山东卷)Before the film began，each woman was asked to help herself to a snack.An actor hired by the researchers grabbed her food first.v.匆忙地吃，喝 2.He had a real gift for handling chores，sheltering me from unpleasant repair jobs.v.保护；庇护 3.Violence erupt in the city after the football match.v.突然发生 4.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)The differences between print and digital reading results are partly related to paper's physical properties.n.性质，特性 [核心词汇] 1．occur v．发生 ► [教材对接] (1)Experts say this bad weather has occurred due to climate change. 专家称，这糟糕的天气源于气候变化。 ①Sth.occurs to sb.　某人突然想起某事 It occurs to sb.that... 某人突然想起…… It occurs to sb.to do sth. 某人突然想起做某事 ②occurrence n. 发生 [基础练习]　单句语法填空 (2)But some types of situations can help us to get rid of the occurrence (occur) of anger. (3)(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)We are the products of evolution，and not just evolution that occurred(occur) billions of years ago. [能力提升]　完成句子 (4)It_occurred_to_me that I had left the door unlocked. 我忽然想起来忘了锁门了。 表达“某人突然想起……”的句型还有： ①Sth.hits/strikes sb. ②Sth.comes to sb. ③It hits/strikes sb.that从句 ④Sb.comes up with sth. ⑤Sb.hits/strikes on sth. 2．rescue v．营救，拯救，解救 n．救援，营救 ► [教材对接] (1)CHINA'S RESCUE EFFORTS IN NEPAL 中国在尼泊尔的救援行动 ①rescue sb./sth.from...　　　　　　从……中拯救某人/某物 ②come to one's rescue＝come to the rescue of sb. 救援/帮助某人 make a rescue 实施救援 [基础练习]　单句语法填空 (2)Her responsibility，her privilege，would be to_rescue (rescue) it. (3)The captain rescued the sailors from the sinking boat. [佳句赏析] (2024·浙江1月卷)But it can certainly keep me entertained while I wait for my wife to rescue me. 但它肯定可以让我在等待妻子救我时保持快乐。 3．claim vt.& vi.声称；主张；认领；索赔；夺去(生命) ► [教材对接] (1)Caused by exceptionally heavy snowfall within a short period of time, they destroyed buildings and forests, and claimed over 256 lives. 由于短时间内异常严重的降雪，它们摧毁了建筑物和森林，还夺走了至少256条生命。 ①claim to do sth./that...声称/主张做…… It is claimed that...有人主张……；据说…… claim sth.from sb.向某人索要某物 ②make a claim for sth.要求…… make a claim to sth.认领某物；提出要得到某物 [基础练习]　写出下列句中黑体部分的含义 (2)Two young girls claim to have seen the fairies.声称 (3)The police said that if no one claims the watch，you can keep it.认领 (4)Because the accident had not been her fault，Barbara was able to claim damages.索赔 (5)Hurricane Sandy has claimed thousands of lives.夺去 (6)(2020·北京卷)If there is no identifiable scientific method，then what is the reason for trust in science？The answer is how those claims are evaluated. 主张 [能力提升]　完成句子 (7)Doctors claimed_to_have_discovered a cure for the disease. 医生声称已发现了治疗这种疾病的疗法。 4．shelter n．&v.避难，庇护；避难所；躲避；保护；掩蔽 ► [教材对接] (1)If you cannot get home in time, find other shelter as soon as you can. 如果你不能及时回家，尽快找到其他的避难所。 ①take shelter from...　躲避…… under the shelter of... 在……的庇护下 ②shelter from... 躲避…… shelter...from... 保护……免受……伤害 [基础练习]　单句语法填空 (2)I arrived home dry under the shelter of the umbrella. (4)(2024·浙江1月卷)When was the last time you used a telephone box? I mean to make an actual phone call－not to shelter_from the rain. [佳句赏析] (2023·浙江卷1月)Over the past few years, many solar farm developers have transformed the space under their solar panels into a shelter for various kinds of pollinators, resulting in soil improvement and carbon reduction.在过去的几年里，许多太阳能农场开发商将太阳能电池板下的空间改造成各种传粉媒介的庇护所，从而改善了土壤并减少了碳排放。 [间考词汇] 1．reliable adj.可信赖的，可靠的 单句语法填空 (1)That young man is honest, cooperative, always there when you need his help. In short, he's reliable (rely)． (2)(2022·全国乙卷)Don't rely_on_technology alone. (3)Don't always rely on it that others will lend you a hand when you're in trouble. Do depend on yourself. 2．threaten vt.威胁到，危及；威胁 单句语法填空 (1)Our neighbour threatened to_call (call) the police if we didn't stop the noise. (2)Some cultures see direct eye contact as impolite or threatening (threaten) behaviour, while Americans see it as a sign of genuineness and honesty. (3)His position as leader will be under threat (threaten) at a party congress next month. 3．sufficient adj.足够的，充足的 用sufficient的适当形式填空 (1)The soup you cooked is not sufficiently salty. (2)The money I have saved is sufficient for buying a car. (3)Two bottles of beer will be sufficient for me. Now_that it's hard to avoid a disaster on Earth, perhaps I should start thinking about moving to space... 既然在地球上很难避免灾难，或许我该开始考虑搬到太空了…… 本句为主从复合句，now that引导原因状语从句。 now that引导原因状语从句时，意为“既然，由于”，它引导的从句通常表示显而易见的原因，语气较弱，从句通常位于主句之前。相当于since。 [基础练习]　单句语法填空/句型转换 (1)(2024·北京卷)Now that_we are in the information age, we have new concepts such as the computer, information processing, virtual reality, and simulation. (2)Please try to keep your promise since everything has been arranged. →Please try to keep your promise now_that everything has been arranged. [能力提升]　完成句子 (3)We needn't have bought so much food now_that_Tom_won't_come_to_dinner_with_us. 既然汤姆不和我们一块吃晚饭，我们没必要买那么多食物。 [基础夯实] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．The train is to arrive in thirty minutes. Let's set out immediately (马上) so as to meet our friends in time. 2．Anderson made the announcement (通告) at the conference that the company would be closed. 3．If you like maths you could be accountant; otherwise (否则) you could be a math teacher. 4．We were all shocked by the disaster(灾难)． 5．He lived in a remote county(县)，where the air was fresh. 6．The debate didn't come to an end until midnight(午夜)． Ⅱ.语境填空 1．Those early settlers owed their survival (survive) to hard work and determination to succeed. 2．She had looked through her notes before the exam yesterday. 3．Larry and his wife were killed in the volcanic eruption (erupt), leaving their 5­year­old son alone in the world. 4．Based on scientific research, the report is reliable (rely) and convincing. 5．John Carter was rescued from the sea near his holiday home yesterday.The accident happened while he was walking along a steep cliff(悬崖) at the edge of the sea. 6．It suddenly hits me that we should set off for the airport at once. Ⅲ.选词填空 have yet to, in ruins, lose one's life, make it, look out for, look through 1．He looked_through the newspapers and found some useful information. 2．My older brother always looked_out_for me when we were kids. 3．After the terrible earthquake, the buildings were in_ruins. 4．At present, scientists have_yet_to find a planet suitable for human migration. 5．He waited confidently for his band to make_it. 6．In the flood, many villagers lost_their_lives. Ⅳ.完成句子 1．尽管天气很冷，莉莉还是设法按时赶到了学校。 Though it was cold, Lily managed to make_it_to_school. 2．如果不尊重别人的宗教信仰，可怕的错误和矛盾就会发生。 Unless you respect other people's religions, horrible mistakes_and_conflict_will_occur. 3．在危急时刻，是警察来救我们，并把我们从危险中解救出来的。 In time of great danger, it was the police who came_to_our_rescue and saved us from danger. [素养提升] Ⅰ.单元巩固练 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式(黑体词为本单元重点词汇)。 I pick 1.up a free newspaper at the Tube station and see the title “Hot！Hot！Hot！”．Today，the temperature in London is expected 2.to_reach (reach) 30 plus degrees.While going down the stairs and onto the platform，I feel like jumping into 3.a volcano that is erupting.However，it is much 4.worse (bad) on the train because there is no air conditioning.With so many people on the train，I feel I am melting into one with the person 5.who/that is next to me.6.Standing (stand) on the crowded hot train，I feel sick and uncomfortable. With the temperature getting higher each year，I think I should be well prepared for the change.Perhaps，I should sell my flat and buy a boat so that I will be able to get to work when the Thames 7.rises (rise)．I will also speak with my manager about moving my office to the top floor.Most 8.importantly (important)，I should learn swimming immediately so as to survive when the tall buildings are flooded.Since it's difficult to avoid 9.disasters (disaster) on Earth，perhaps I should start thinking about moving to space. In the end，I manage to make 10.it to Bank station.Walking out of the station，I feel much more comfortable.Anyhow，it is only 30 degrees outside. Ⅱ.话题微写作 假设你是中学生李华，通过浏览新闻你知道最近地球上的火山活动频繁。请你根据以下要点写一篇短文，介绍一下火山爆发带来的危害。 1．在自然灾难面前，人类很弱小； 2．火山爆发时，岩浆流经之处，一切都被埋没； 3．上周火山爆发，消防员赶到起火的地方灭火，但仍有很多房子被烧毁。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2．尽量使用本单元的知识点； 3．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] Compared with diverse natural disasters，humans are weak.When a volcano erupts，hot lava flows down from hills.Wherever the lava flows，everything is buried under the molten rocks.People are in panic and their lives are threatened. Last week, a terrible volcano erupted. On hearing the news, firemen made it to the places on fire in time.Though they made every effort to put out the fire，many houses were burnt down.It is reported that 100 people lost their lives in the disaster. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$