必修第3册 Unit 3 The world of science(Word练习)-【创新教程】2025年高考英语艺考生文化课总复习（外研版）

Ⅰ.阅读理解 话题：前沿技术，中国突破 What are scientists？They are often described as gray­haired, white­coated dull scholars. But the world has changed.Young scientists are making their voices heard and releasing their powers on the world stage. This is also true in China.Rising stars include new materials expert Gong Yongji，university professor Liu Mingzhen，and biologist Wan Ruixue.At the age of 28 in 2018，Wan Ruixue received the 2018 Science & SciLifeLab Prize for Young Scientists.This is a global prize to reward outstanding scientists at an early stage of their careers. She focuses mainly on biomedicine (生物医学) and artificial intelligence.“Both are cutting­edge (前沿) technologies at an early stage of development，” she said. “So，I think they have great potential to be developed.I think in the study of cutting­edge technologies，China and other leading countries in the world are standing on the same starting line.And in the study of structural biology，China is likely to become the leader.” She felt it was her fate to become a biologist.“I grew interested in the natural world，when I was very young，” she said.In 2009，she entered Sun Yat­sen University. In her third year at the university，she realized that she wanted to do something related to biomedicine.So she emailed China's top biologist Shi Yigong，hoping to join his lab at Tsinghua University. Shi recognized her talent and welcomed her. Years of efforts at the lab have paid off.Her research on the high­definition 3D structure of spliceosome led to a scientific breakthrough. Unlike many of other young scientists who choose to pursue further study abroad，Wan currently has no plan to go overseas. “The whole ecosystem for scientific research is continually improving in China，” she said，adding that the country has great science facilities. 1．What does the underlined word “releasing” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Giving out.　　　　　 B．Getting over. C．Finding out. D．Taking over. 2．What does Wan Ruixue feel about the study of cutting­edge technologies in China? A．Anxious. B．Confident. C．Disappointed. D．Satisfied. 3．What can we learn about Wan Ruixue's journey of becoming a biologist? A．Her teacher led her into the field. B．She finds it's easier than she thought. C．Her contribution has been recognized. D．She thinks it's boring but worth trying. 4．Which can be the best title of the text? A．China's Breakthrough in Science B．Rising Young Scientists in China C．Wan Ruixue：A Successful Young Scientist D．New Image of Chinese Scientists [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了年轻的科学家们正在世界舞台上发声，并释放他们的力量。在中国也一样，越来越多的年轻科学家投身科学研究，对社会做出了巨大的贡献。他们对中国的科学技术和科学研究充满自信。 1．A　[词义猜测题。根据第二段划线单词前半句话“Young scientists are making their voices heard (年轻的科学家正在发出他们的声音)”可知，making their voices heard和releasing their powers并列，可以根据“making their voices heard (发出自己的声音)”推测出releasing有“发出，散发”之意，所以划线词意思是“发出”。] 2．B　[推理判断题。根据第五段第二、三句话“I think in the study of cutting­edge technologies，China and other leading countries in the world are standing on the same starting line.And in the study of structural biology，China is likely to become the leader.(我认为在尖端技术的研究中，中国和世界上其他领先国家站在同一条起跑线上。在结构生物学研究方面，中国很可能成为领先者。)”可推知，对中国前沿技术的研究，万蕊雪充满信心。] 3．C　[细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Shi recognized her talent and welcomed her.Years of efforts at the lab have paid off.Her research on the high­definition 3D structure of spliceosome led to a scientific breakthrough.(施认可了她的才能，并欢迎她。在实验室工作多年的努力得到了回报。她对剪接体高清三维结构的研究取得了科学突破。)”可知，在万蕊雪成为生物学家的过程中，她的付出得到了认可。] 4．B　[主旨大意题。文章主要讲述年轻的科学家们正在世界舞台上发声，并释放他们的力量。在中国也一样，越来越多的年轻科学家投身科学研究，对社会做出了巨大的贡献。他们对中国的科学技术和科学研究充满自信。所以“中国崛起的年轻科学家”适合作本文的标题。] Ⅱ.完形填空 话题：科学提能，关爱环境 Bingley, a Sayre School student from America, decided that he would devote himself to studying the environment to have a broad influence on the community. To reduce the carbon footprint, Bingley planned to __1__ enough solar energy to power the school's science labs. Now his plan is set to happen. To fix 30 solar panels is __2__ for late November. As he began his research __3__ solar energy, he discovered a useful phone app. By entering an address, he could find out how much sunlight the __4__ receives each day. Based on the data, he found that his school building was the best position. At the suggestion of his science teacher, Debbie Wheeler, he first performed an energy __5__ of the science lab to see how much energy a typical lab uses per day. Then, he started his research, __6__ a local company of solar panels to do the job. He lacked money for starting the project, so he __7__ Sayre's head to support him after explaining the __8__ of solar power for the school and community. Since Sayre provided the __9__ seed money to provide infrastructure and the purchase of one panel, the project has__10__to include a total of 30 panels. They are expected to produce enough energy to __11__ all the science labs on campus. “It feels like a dream to think that an idea I had from my AP Environmental class would have this kind of __12__，” said Bingley, expressing gratitude for Wheeler's help. Wheeler said the success was due to Bingley's efforts and __13__ to follow through on the project from start to finish. “I've had other students talk about __14__ initiatives (倡议) on campus, but Bingley had the persistence and courage to make it happen，” she said. Bingley said that he would __15__ like to study environmental engineering at university. 1．A.explore B．invest C．produce D．switch 2．A.defined B．identified C．output D．scheduled 3．A.beyond B．on C．with D．through 4．A.location B．destination C．transmission D．occasion 5．A.income B．allowance C．budget D．calculation 6．A.employing B．contacting C．protecting D．urging 7．A.convinced B．demanded C．refreshed D．submitted 8．A.causes B．plots C．benefits D．origins 9．A.initial B．flexible C．optional D．sustainable 10．A.awarded B．grown C．rewarded D．sponsored 11．A.decorate B．furnish C．run D．equip 12．A.influence B．criterion C．experience D．management 13．A.caution B．encouragement C．inspiration D．willingness 14．A.cultural B．environmental C．practical D．theoretical 15．A.casually B．deliberately C．eventually D．gradually [语篇解读]　这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了学生Bingley为了减少碳足迹，进行科学研究，在学校的资助下联系太阳能板公司安装太阳能给学校科学实验室提供能量的故事。 1．C　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了减少碳足迹，Bingley计划生产足够的太阳能来给学校的科学实验室提供能量。A.explore探索；B.invest投资；C.produce生产；D.switch转变。由下文“to power the school's science labs”(给学校的科学实验室提供能量)可知，要“生产”足够的太阳能来实现该目标，第四段的“They are expected to produce enough energy.(它们预计生产足够的能量来使学校的所有的实验室运行。)”也是提示。] 2．D　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：计划在11月下旬安装30块太阳能电池板。A.defined定义；B.identified辨认出；C.output输出；D.scheduled安排。由上文的“Now his plan is set to happen. (现在他的计划就要实现了。)”可知，安装30个太阳能板是按照计划进行安排的。] 3．B　[考查介词词义辨析。句意：当他开始关于太阳能的研究时，他发现了一个有用的手机应用软件。A.beyond超过；B.on关于；C.with和；D.through通过。由上文的“Bingley planned to __1__ enough solar energy to power the school's science labs.(Bingley计划生产足够的太阳能来给学校的科学实验室提供能量。)”可知，他要进行关于太阳能的研究。] 4．A　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过输入一个地址，他能发现这个地方一天能得到多少太阳照射。A.location位置，地点；B.destination目的地；C.transmission传递，发送；D.occasion场合。由上文的“entering an address(输入一个地址)”和下文的“his school building was the best position(他的校舍是最好的位置)”可知，他在比较每个“位置”能得到多少太阳照射。] 5．D　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他科学老师Debbie Wheeler的建议下，他第一次计算了科学实验室的能量来看一下一个平常的实验室每天能用多少太阳能。A.income收入；B.allowance津贴；C.budget预算；D.calculation计算。由下文“to see how much energy a typical lab uses per day.”(来看一下一个平常的实验室每天能用多少太阳能)可知，为了看实验室要用多少能量，他是需要计算的。] 6．B　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，他开始他的研究，他联系当地一个太阳能板公司来做这项工作。A.employing雇佣；B.contacting联系；C.protecting保护；D.urging催促。由下文的“a local company of solar panels to do the job”(当地一个太阳能板公司来做这项工作)可知，他与一家太阳能板公司“联系”后由公司来完成能量的测算工作，与下文的“He lacked money for starting the project, so he...(他缺乏启动这个项目的资金，因此他……)”衔接通顺，看得出计划在正常推进。] 7．A　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：他缺乏启动这个项目的资金，因此他解释了太阳能对于学校和社区有好处以此来说服Sayre的上司来支持他。A.convinced说服，使相信；B.demanded要求；C.refreshed使恢复精力；D.submitted上交。由上文的“He lacked money for starting the project(他缺乏启动这个项目的资金)”可知，他需要说服Sayre学校的上司来支持他。] 8．C　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：他缺乏启动这个项目的资金，因此他解释了太阳能对于学校和社区有好处以此来说服Sayre的上司来支持他。A.causes原因；B.plots情节；C.benefits好处；D.origins起源。由上文的“ he__7__Sayre's head to support him(他说服Sayre学校的上司来支持他)”可知，他想要得到支持就需要向上司解释清楚太阳能对学校和社区的好处。] 9．A　[考查形容词词义辨析。句意：自从Sayre提供给他的第一笔种子基金来提供基础设施和购买一个太阳能板，这个项目已经扩大，总共包括30个太阳能板。A.initial最初的；第一的；B.flexible灵活的；C.optional选择的；D.sustainable持续的。由下文的“seed money”(种子基金)可知，这是他得到的第一笔资金支持。] 10．B　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：自从Sayre提供给他第一笔种子基金来提供基础设施和购买一个太阳能板，这个项目已经扩大，总共包括30个太阳能板。A.awarded授予；B.grown成长，逐渐成为；C.rewarded酬谢，奖赏；D.sponsored赞助。由上下文的“the purchase of one panel(购买一个太阳能板)”和“include a total of 30 panels(总共包括30个太阳能板)”可知，该项目已经逐渐实现最初的计划，grow为“成长，逐渐变得，逐渐成为”，表示该项目从最初购进一个太阳能板成长壮大，逐步成为拥有30个太阳能板的目标。] 11．C　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们预计生产足够的能量来使学校的所有的实验室运行。A.decorate装饰；B.furnish提供，供应；C.run运行；D.equip装备，配备。由上文第二段的“To reduce the carbon footprint, Bingley planned to __1__ enough solar energy to power the school's science labs.”(Bingley计划生产足够的太阳能来给学校的科学实验室提供能量。)可知，太阳能板生产足够的能量，是要使学校实验室能够运行下去。] 12．A　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：Bingley表达了对Wheeler的感谢，他说，我从AP环境课上想出的主意有这种影响，这就像一个梦。A.influence影响；B.criterion标准；C.experience经验，经历；D.management管理。由上文的“produce enough energy to __11__ all the science labs on campus(生产足够的能量来运行学校的实验室)”可知，Bingley上课时产生的主意产生了现实的影响。] 13．D　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：Wheeler说成功是由于Bingley在进行这项项目时，从始至终都是努力的且乐于坚持做这个项目。A.caution小心，谨慎；B.encouragement鼓励；C.inspiration灵感，鼓舞；D.willingness乐意。由下文“to follow through on the project from start to finish(自始至终都坚持做这个项目)”可知，Bingley是“乐意”坚持才获得成功的。] 14．B　[考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我已经让其他学生在校园谈论环境倡议，但是Bingley用坚持和勇气来使这件事发生。A.cultural文化的；B.environmental环境的；C.practical实际的，实用的；D.theoretical理论的。由第一段的“he would devote himself to studying the environment to have a broad influence on the community.(他会致力于研究环境以此来对社区产生广泛影响。)”可知，说明老师在此之前发出的倡议是有关环境的。] 15．C　[考查副词词义辨析。句意：Bingley说他最终想要在大学学习环境工程。A.casually随便地；B.deliberately故意地；C.eventually最后；D.gradually逐渐。由下文的“like to study environmental engineering at university”(他想要在大学学习环境工程)和第一段的“Bingley, a Sayre School student from America(Bingley，来自美国Sayre学校的学生)”可知，宾利最终想要到大学去学习环境工程。] Ⅲ.语法填空 话题：新的环境，难睡原因 Why do many of us find 1.________difficult or impossible to fall asleep in a bed other than our own? Is it because the bed is 2.________(comfort)? According to a new study published in Current Biology, a significant reason 3.________people cannot sleep well is what the scientists call “first night effect”．They believe that one side of the brain acts 4.________a “night watch” to warn us about potential dangers.It forces us 5.________(stay)awake on the first night in a new environment.For the study, 35 young volunteers 6.________(ask) to sleep in a lab for several days.Meanwhile, researchers watched their brain activities. According to the researchers，on their first night, the left brains were more active than the right brains and people had a hard time sleeping.However, the 7.________(activity) of the left hemisphere of the brain decreased as days went by, 8.________(fall) even to the point of complete calm.In this process, the 9.________(participate) got an increasingly better sleep experience. The findings suggest that the different rhythms of the two sides of the brain affect our sleep.When the two sides work 10.________________(different)，the balance between them is broken.Thus, the brain can't relax and is sensitive to anything strange in the surroundings, just as it is in the daytime. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了我们很多人在别人的床上很难或不可能入睡的原因。 1．it　[考查代词。句意：为什么我们很多人发现在别人的床上很难或不可能入睡？分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定句型：主语＋v.＋it＋adj.＋(for sb.)＋to do，其中it为形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式。故填it。] 2．uncomfortable　[考查形容词。句意：是因为床不舒服吗？分析句子结构可知，空前是系动词is，所以空处应填形容词作表语，再根据句意，此处表达“不舒服”之意，comfort的否定形容词是uncomfortable。故填uncomfortable。] 3．why　[考查定语从句关系词。句意：根据发表在《当代生物学》上的一项新研究，人们睡不好的一个重要原因是科学家们所说的“第一晚效应”。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是reason，在从句中作原因状语，应该用why引导。故填why。] 4．as　[考查介词。句意：他们认为，大脑的一侧扮演着“守夜人”的角色，警告我们潜在的危险。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定搭配：act as意为“担任……角色”。故填as。] 5．to stay　[考查非谓语动词。句意：它迫使我们在新环境的第一个晚上保持清醒。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定搭配：force sb.to do意为“强迫某人做……”，用不定式作宾语补足语。故填to stay。] 6．were asked　[考查动词时态和语态。句意：在这项研究中，35名年轻志愿者被要求在实验室里睡上几天。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语，所以ask作本句谓语动词，主语是volunteers，两者间是被动关系，应该用被动语态，描述的是已发生的事，用一般过去时，且主语是复数。故填were asked。] 7．activities　[考查名词。句意：然而，随着时间的推移，大脑左半球的活动减少，甚至下降到完全平静的地步。分析句子结构可知，空前是冠词the，所以空处应填名词，activity意为“活动”，为可数名词，此处应该用复数形式。故填activities。] 8．falling　[考查非谓语动词。句意：随着时间的推移，大脑左半球的活动减少，甚至下降到完全平静的地步。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词decreased，所以fall用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是activities，两者间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填falling。] 9．participants　[考查名词。句意：在这个过程中，参与者的睡眠体验越来越好。空前是冠词the，所以空处应填名词，participant意为“参与者”，为可数名词，此处应该用复数形式。故填participants。] 10．differently　[考查副词。句意：当双方工作方式不同时，他们之间的平衡就被打破了。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空前的动词work，应该用副词修饰，different的副词形式是differently。故填differently。] [日积月累] 　阅读理解 1．describe v．描述　2.reward v．奖励，奖赏　3.potential n．潜力　4.the same starting line 相同起跑线　5. related to 与……有关 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$