精品解析：山东省济宁市邹城市第一中学2024-2025学年高二上学期10月月考英语试题

高二年级10月英语学科月考试题 第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分) 第一节 （共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the woman advise the man to do? A. Get off the bus. B. Ask the passenger. C. Check the schedule. 2. Where are the speakers probably? A. In a cinema. B. In a restaurant. C. In a supermarket. 3. What was difficult for the man? A. Waiting to get help. B. Driving in the snow. C. Finding a parking place. 4. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A club. B. A song. C. A video. 5. What does the man mean? A. He plans to revisit Yellowstone. B. He doesn’t think the visit is good. C. He agrees with the woman’s opinion. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中做给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6 What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. New facilities assisting the disabled. B. Traffic safety for people with disabilities. C. The difficulties that disabled people face. 7. Who might benefit most from the new doors? A. People in wheelchairs. B. People with hearing loss. C. People with vision problems. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. For what did the man get his pet dog? A. His graduation. B. His responsibility. C. His academic performance. 9. What is the most important duty for keeping a dog? A. Learning about its character. B. Taking good care to keep it healthy. C Training it into a well-behaved one. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Why can’t David check the books out? A. His student ID is not available. B. He hasn’t returned the overdue book. C. He has been fined by the library before. 11.Why does David need the five books? A. To do his friend a favor. B. To work on his research paper. C. To prepare for the midterm exam. 12. What does the woman advise David to do? A. Call his friend. B. Apply for a new ID. C. Make a copy. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Why is Chen asking for leave? A. To prepare for the final exam. B. To spend time with her parents. C. To travel around in Los Angeles. 14. What do we know about Chen’s parents? A. They don’t speak English. B. They will get around themselves. C. They don’t have an electronic translator. 15. How many days is Chen allowed to take off? A. Two days. B. Four days. C. Seven days, 16. What is the possible relationship between the speakers? A. Colleagues. B. Teacher and student. C. Employer and employee. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What is the purpose of the speech? A. To introduce college life to students. B. To welcome students back to school. C. To congratulate students on their graduation. 18. What is the core value of Redmond High School? A. Gratitude. B. Leadership. C. Perseverance. 19. What does the speaker inspire the students to have? A. Confidence. B. Intelligence. C. Patience. 20. Who is giving this speech most probably? A. A student’s parent. B. A graduate student C. A school headmaster. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分60分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A,B.C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。答案写在答题卡上。 A Amazing apps helping seniors stay sharp Undoubtedly, your grandparents gain experience and wisdom as they get older. However, they are likely to be anxious about health problems many seniors face, especially the frightening disorder of mental functioning — thinking, remembering, and reasoning. But don’t worry! The apps are here to help your grandma and grandpa. It presents level-based crossword puzzles and word search games, featuring oversized buttons and controls for seniors. Its games use point systems to judge the performance of players and it can dynamically adjust the difficulty of games to suit each individual — which keeps seniors enjoying their sense of achievement. It includes everything seniors need to stay sharp-minded. All they have to do is spend ten minutes per day playing a wide range of the app’s 45 available games. Peak even includes a built-in personal trainer that helps track players’ progress and arrange the seeps that they’ll need to improve their mental sharpness. It takes a scientific approach to brain training with a variety of games to improve seniors’ mental keenness. Players begin by seeing how well they challenge specific types of mental abilities. Then with fun themes and enjoyable elements added, they can keep players engaged while improving their performance at the given tasks. It is a multipurpose app that helps seniors keep fit with brain training, physical activities, and tips on healthy eating. The approach starts with brain. stimulating games that improve memory, attention and speed. And to top it off, it also comes with senior-friendly workout videos. 1. What can the four apps help seniors do? A Gain experience and wisdom. B. Keep life in order. C. Relieve mental aging anxiety. D. Extend social circle. 2. How does Witty Words app make operation easier for the senions? A. By designing large buttons. B. By tracing their progress. C. By using built-in trainers. D. By providing dynamic games, 3. Which app also helps the seniors to build up the body? A. Witty Words. B. Peak. C. Lumosity. D. MindMate. B “It was written in some sense,” Sophie Blake, a physics professor, would end up in observational cosmology — the study of the origin and development of the universe using specialized telescopes. “I’m not going to lie. My father was a physicist. My mother’s an astronomer. But no kid wants to be like their parents,” she jokes, semi-seriously. Blake always enjoyed building things like a child engineer. It wasn’t unusual for her to experiment with her father’s research equipment. She thanks, in part, her short attention period for her inquisitiveness, “I am always looking for something.” For the last few years, Blake has been searching for signs of the universe’s early existence — from the birth of the first stars to the “cosmic (宇宙的) dark ages” — and she’s building her own equipment to explore beyond the known universe, focusing on its distant past with novel radio technology. Since 2017, Blake and her team have been engineering and planting radio telescopes in two of the Earth’s most remote (and quietest) locations for the best shot at hearing the earliest voice of the universe. Initially, Blake planned a PhD in particle (粒子) physics but switched direction after a visit to a lab with messy equipment and tools everywhere at the California Institute of Technology. “I didn’t know about observational cosmology then but thought, ‘Whatever this is, I want to do that.’” She spent a year at the Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station, after conducting experiments of a balloon-borne microwave telescope launched from McMurdo. “That really inspired my love for remote places,” she said. Eventually, she wanted to engineer her own instruments. After her year at the South Pole, she joined the University of KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa. At that time, the site decision was made for the largest radio telescope group on Earth. “This was also a leap of faith because I really couldn’t continue the work I was doing before.” Blake recalls. “I had never done radio before but I thought, ‘Let me give this a try and see how it goes.’” 4. What can we infer from Blake’s joke in paragraph 1? A. She follows in her parents’ footsteps. B. She develops an interest in telescopes. C. She lies about her parents’ professions. D. She lives up to her parents’ expectations. 5. What does the underlined word “inquisitiveness” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Talent. B. Courage. C. Curiosity. D. Intelligence. 6. What stimulated Blake’s passion for distant places? A. Her visit to a lab in a university. B. Her wish to build her own equipment. C Her faith in hearing the cosmic sound. D. Her experience at a South Pole Station. 7. Which of the following best describes Blake? A. Confident and caring. B. Generous and optimistic. C. Modest and open-minded. D. Adventurous and determined. C As humanity has got richer, animal’s roles have changed. People need their services less than before. Fewer wolves and thieves meant less demand for dogs for protection; the internal combustion engine (内燃机) made horses unneeded; modern sanitation (卫生设备) kept rats in check and made cats less useful. Domestic animals are no longer necessities, but commonly seen companions. Pet-keeping seems to become more and more popular, as a recent survey found that 69% of American households keep at least one pet. The pet business is growing even faster than pet numbers, because people are spending more and more money on them. No longer are they food-waste-recyclers, fed with the remains that fall from their masters’ tables. Pet food shelves are full of cuisines tailored to satisfy a range of appetites, including ice cream for dogs and foods for pets that are old, diabetic, or suffer from sensitive digestion. In the business, this is called “pet humanization” — the tendency of pet owners to treat their pets as part of the family. This is obvious in the names given to dogs, which have evolved from Fido, Rex, and Spot to Bella, Lucy, and Max. People still hold the false assumption that pets must be working for humanity in some way, perhaps making people healthier or less anxious. But the evidence for that is weak. New research suggests that dogs have evolved those “cute eyes” to affect human emotions and control them, which works very well. Humans now work very hard to pay for the care of their pets. For example, Americans often refer to themselves not as cat owners but as the cat’s “mommy” or “daddy”. South Koreans go one step further, describing themselves as cat “butlers (管家)”. Watch an unlucky man walking his dog, plastic bag in hand to pick up its mess, and we have to doubt: who’s in charge now? Is this relationship what we really want? 8. What can we learn about the animal-keeping trend? A. People’s needs for animal services are increasing. B. The price for purchasing a domestic pet is on the rise. C. Pet foods are less various and customized than before. D. Both the pet number and the pet business are growing. 9. Which of the following is the evidence of “pet humanization”? A. Pets’ ability to make their owners less anxious. B. Human’s increasing investment in pet-keeping. C. Pet’s roles as both working staff and companions. D. The owners’ preference to give pets human names. 10. What is the author’s attitude towards the current human-pet relationship? A. Skeptical. B. Conservative. C. Unclear. D. Approving. 11. Which might be the best title of the passage? A. The Changing Roles of Pets B. The Growing Trend of Pet Business C. The Craze for Pet-keeping D. The Pros and Cons of Keeping Pets D Imagine a warm spring day 66 million years ago. These could have been the very last moments of the dinosaur era when a city-sized asteroid struck Earth, killing off three quarters of all species on the planet. According to a study published in Nature on Feb 23,the asteroid hit in springtime. Scientists have long been confused over the time of year the asteroid hit, and how some animals managed to survive while dinosaurs didn’t, according to USA Today. Researchers in 20l9 discovered fossilized fishes in North Dakota that died shortly after the asteroid hit Earth. They examined the fossils with a particle accelerator and found out there was seasonal growth on the bone. All fish bone cell densities and volumes can indicate the season. Because the accelerator also could capture the sizes, researchers were able to determine when in the year the asteroid hit, Dennis Voeten told USA Today. “I think spring puts a large group of the late Cretaceous biota in a very unprotected spot because they were out and about looking for food, tending to offspring after the winter,” Melanie During, the main author of the study. In the Southern Hemisphere, it was autumn. Therefore, life in the Southern Hemisphere was a lot more prepared for this event. It is unclear whether small animals in the Northern Hemisphere actually did worse than those in the south. There is evidence that Northern Hemisphere turtles were wiped out in the asteroid strike, after which their habitats were later repopulated by turtles from the south, Voeten told The Guardian. Nothing much larger than a house cat survived the asteroid impact and many species would have been killed whenever it hit, Daniel Field, a professor at the University of Cambridge, told The Guardian. 12. Which probably helps find the time of year the asteroid hit? A. The types of fossilized fishes. B. The location of fossilized fishes. C. The number of fish fossils in the area. D. The volume and density of the fish bone cells. 13. What causes the species’ extinction when the asteroid hit in Melanie During’s opinion? A. The season of the hit. B. The size of asteroid. C. The group size of species. D. The body shape of animals. 14. Which would Daniel Field most probably agree with? A. Chances of survival depended on it where the species lived at the time. B. Many species could have survived the asteroid strike but for the season. C. Many species had little chance to survive even if it was a different season. D. Animals from the Southern Hemisphere were less affected by asteroid strikes. 15. What can be the best title for the text? A. The Science behind the Asteroid B. Occurrence of the Natural Disaster C. The Effect of Dinosaurs’ Extinction D. New Research on the Asteroid Strike 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 When something goes wrong, do you tend to bounce back or fall apart? When you have resilience (恢复力), you have the inner strength that helps you rebound from a setback or challenge. ___16___ Here are some skills to help you develop resilience. Realize it’s normal. Less than 20 percent of people successfully achieve their goal the first time around. It’s normal and expected for setbacks to occur. ___17___ Knowing this, it’s important to anticipate that the main task will be how to effectively manage the setback when it arises. Learn from the past. ___18___ Think about what has helped you through tough times. You can even write about past events in a journal to help you see the patterns of how you behave and to help guide you in the future. ___19___ Tend to your own needs and feelings. Do activities and hobbies you enjoy. Include physical activity in your daily routine. Get plenty of sleep and make bedtime rituals. Eat a healthy diet. Practice how to manage stress. Try ways to relax, such as yoga, meditation, guided imagery, deep breathing or prayer. Take action. Don’t ignore your problems. ___20___ It can take time to recover from a major setback, trauma or loss. But know that your life can improve if you work at it. A. Take care of yourself. B. Make every day have meaning. C. Think of how you’ve coped with troubles in the past. D. Connect with others by joining a faith or spiritual group. E. Instead, figure out what you need to do, make a plan and take action. F. In other words, it’s not about whether a challenge will happen, but when. G. If you lack resilience, you might get stuck on problems or feel like a victim. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 One day, 75-year-old Delores Bushong returned home and couldn’t find her cat Hank. After calling his name in the neighborhood, she finally spotted him____21____up a tree. She believed Hank was frightened by some dogs. Bushong was____22____about how he would get down. She called the fire department and even construction companies but none were able to come. Bushong felt extremely____23____, but her neighbors showed her that she was not alone. Ed Baptiste, whose tree Hank had climbed, let Bushong sit in his backyard and call to Hank. Another neighbor____24____a can of sardines (沙丁鱼), hoping it might make the hungry cat ____25____. Nearby dog owners took their pets on walks instead of leitting them out in their yards to avoid further____26____Hank. By day five, despite the kindness of these neighbors, nothing had____27____. That’s when another neighbor told Bushong how her friends____28____their cat from a tree before. They looped some rope around at all branch and pulled a ____29____up to where the cat was sitting. The cat then jumped in and returned to_____30_____. Then Bushong fled a small basket with some of Hank’s favorite things. With the help of volunteers from a local tree company, they shot a pulley (滑轮) attached to a rope high into the tree. They got_____31_____on the first try, as the rope caught a branch directly above Hank. Pulling on the other end of the rope, they_____32_____the basket just beneath him. To their great _____33_____, he jumped in, and they lowered him. Hank’s_____34_____taught his grateful owner a lesson about_____35_____helping neighbors and small acts of kindness. From then on, Hank could only go outside with his owner. 21. A. tied B. stuck C. touched D. lost 22. A. surprised B. confused C. worried D. annoyed 23. A. helpless B. ashamed C. dissatisfied D. shocked 24. A. collected B. donated C. sold D. received 25. A. come down B. slow down C. look down D. calm down 26. A. refreshing B. disturbing C. scaring D. seizing 27. A. happened B. arrived C. worked D. mattered 28. A. attracted B. rescued C. discovered D. treated 29. A. basket B. box C. bottle D. bench 30. A. relief B. normal C. safety D. strength 31. A. careful B. nervous C. upset D. smooth 32. A. discovered B. permitted C. threw D. positioned 33. A. interest B. disappointment C. delight D. sorrow 34. A. adventure B. appearance C. challenge D. performance 35. A. strangers B. neighbors C. passers-by D. volunteers 第II卷(总分55分) 注意事项：用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将答案写在答题纸上。写在本试卷上无效。 第二节 单词拼写 (共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 根据所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，在答题卷上空缺处写出（源自选择性必修一第一和第二单元）单词的正确形式，每空一词。 36. A basketball match was held between two classes. Luckily, we d__________ the other class by 80:70. (根据首字母单词拼写) 37. She is widely a__________to be one of the greatest scientists in the world. (根据首字母单词拼写) 38. P__________ should be given to graduates of this university. （根据首字母单词拼写） 39. The mother went out of the house. During her a__________, the children made the house really dirty. (根据首字母单词拼写) 40. I will not be a__________this afternoon as I will attend an important meeting. Hence you can only find me in the evening. （根据首字母单词拼写） 41. At the conference held yesterday, the government __________ (承诺，保证) itself to handling the problem immediately. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 42. Whenever I talk with the educator, he always__________ (提倡，拥护) educating children according to their needs. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 43. Under no __________ (条件，环境) will the company say “yes” to his idea. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 44. She had to flee the country as a result of __________ (反对) its policy. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 45. People who smoke have more __________ (潜力，可能性) to develop lung cancer. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 第三节 单句语法填空 (共5小题；每小题1 分，满分5分) 在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 46. They tested hundreds of Traditional Chinese medicine, none of __________ worked. （用适当的词填空） 47. Albert Einstein, __________ theories are universally recognized, was a modest man. （用适当的词填空） 48. __________ hearing that he was admitted to a key university, he couldn’t help crying. （用适当的词填空） 49. It will take a person at least a year __________ he/she has a good command of the language. (用适当的词填空) 50. __________ instant they heard the alarm, they fell in for action.（用适当词填空） 第四部分写作(共两节, 满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 51. 用英语写一篇短文：你最仰慕的科学家或伟人。简单介绍他的生平以及你仰慕他的原因。 注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分25分) 52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Many years ago, I was at a girls’ school and our teacher made all the girls in the class sit next to someone different every day. On one of the days, my teacher paired Madhuri, who I had never talked to, and me to sit next to each other. I noticed that she seemed very anxious. I asked her what was wrong. She remained silent at first, but eventually, she told me that she had three sisters in her family and that her father couldn’t afford school books for all of them. My primary school was strict, as was the standard then, and if you didn’t have your school books the teacher would make you leave the class. Madhuri was very anxious that day because she thought that the teacher would tell her to leave the class. When the teacher saw that she didn’t have the books, he told Madhuri that she couldn’t attend class for a week. Madhuri was very upset. I felt so bad when I saw her pain that I decided to help her. I went to speak to her and offered to buy the books for her. She refused my offer to help. She had very strong principles and she would never accept things bought by others. When I got home from school I told my mom the story. She said that it was good that I had tried to help but I should stop worrying about it because there was nothing more that I could do if she had refused my offer to help. I couldn’t stop worrying about it though. 注意：1.续写词数共150左右; 2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好; 3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: Then I had an idea. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: The next day, I got up early so that I could go to her house before going to school. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1—5 CBCBC 6—10 AAABB 11—15 BCBAA 16—20 BCBAC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 高二年级10月英语学科月考试题 第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分) 第一节 （共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the woman advise the man to do? A. Get off the bus. B. Ask the passenger. C. Check the schedule. 2. Where are the speakers probably? A. In a cinema. B. In a restaurant. C. In a supermarket. 3. What was difficult for the man? A. Waiting to get help. B. Driving in the snow. C. Finding a parking place. 4. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A club. B. A song. C. A video. 5. What does the man mean? A. He plans to revisit Yellowstone. B. He doesn’t think the visit is good. C. He agrees with the woman’s opinion. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中做给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. New facilities assisting the disabled. B. Traffic safety for people with disabilities. C. The difficulties that disabled people face. 7. Who might benefit most from the new doors? A. People in wheelchairs. B. People with hearing loss. C. People with vision problems. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. For what did the man get his pet dog? A. His graduation. B. His responsibility. C. His academic performance. 9. What is the most important duty for keeping a dog? A. Learning about its character. B. Taking good care to keep it healthy. C. Training it into a well-behaved one. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Why can’t David check the books out? A. His student ID is not available. B. He hasn’t returned the overdue book. C. He has been fined by the library before. 11.Why does David need the five books? A. To do his friend a favor. B. To work on his research paper. C. To prepare for the midterm exam. 12. What does the woman advise David to do? A. Call his friend. B. Apply for a new ID. C. Make a copy. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Why is Chen asking for leave? A. To prepare for the final exam. B. To spend time with her parents. C. To travel around in Los Angeles. 14. What do we know about Chen’s parents? A. They don’t speak English. B. They will get around themselves. C. They don’t have an electronic translator. 15. How many days is Chen allowed to take off? A. Two days. B. Four days. C. Seven days, 16. What is the possible relationship between the speakers? A. Colleagues. B. Teacher and student. C. Employer and employee. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What is the purpose of the speech? A. To introduce college life to students. B. To welcome students back to school. C. To congratulate students on their graduation. 18. What is the core value of Redmond High School? A. Gratitude. B. Leadership. C. Perseverance. 19. What does the speaker inspire the students to have? A. Confidence. B. Intelligence. C. Patience. 20. Who is giving this speech most probably? A. A student’s parent. B. A graduate student C. A school headmaster. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分60分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A,B.C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。答案写在答题卡上。 A Amazing apps helping seniors stay sharp Undoubtedly, your grandparents gain experience and wisdom as they get older. However, they are likely to be anxious about health problems many seniors face, especially the frightening disorder of mental functioning — thinking, remembering, and reasoning. But don’t worry! The apps are here to help your grandma and grandpa. It presents level-based crossword puzzles and word search games, featuring oversized buttons and controls for seniors. Its games use point systems to judge the performance of players and it can dynamically adjust the difficulty of games to suit each individual — which keeps seniors enjoying their sense of achievement. It includes everything seniors need to stay sharp-minded. All they have to do is spend ten minutes per day playing a wide range of the app’s 45 available games. Peak even includes a built-in personal trainer that helps track players’ progress and arrange the seeps that they’ll need to improve their mental sharpness. It takes a scientific approach to brain training with a variety of games to improve seniors’ mental keenness. Players begin by seeing how well they challenge specific types of mental abilities. Then with fun themes and enjoyable elements added, they can keep players engaged while improving their performance at the given tasks. It is a multipurpose app that helps seniors keep fit with brain training, physical activities, and tips on healthy eating. The approach starts with brain. stimulating games that improve memory, attention and speed. And to top it off, it also comes with senior-friendly workout videos. 1. What can the four apps help seniors do? A. Gain experience and wisdom. B. Keep life in order. C. Relieve mental aging anxiety. D. Extend social circle. 2. How does Witty Words app make operation easier for the senions? A. By designing large buttons. B. By tracing their progress. C. By using built-in trainers. D. By providing dynamic games, 3. Which app also helps the seniors to build up the body? A. Witty Words. B. Peak. C. Lumosity. D. MindMate. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了帮助老年人保持思维敏捷的四个应用程序。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段内容“Undoubtedly, your grandparents gain experience and wisdom as they get older. However, they are likely to be anxious about health problems many seniors face, especially the frightening disorder of mental functioning--thinking, remembering, and reasoning. But don’t worry! The apps are here to help your grandma and grandpa. (毫无疑问，随着年龄的增长，你的祖父母会积累经验和智慧。然而，他们可能会对许多老年人面临的健康问题感到焦虑，尤其是令人恐惧的心理功能障碍——思考、记忆和推理。但别担心！这些应用程序是用来帮助你的爷爷奶奶的。)”可知，这四款应用程序能帮助老年人缓解心理衰老焦虑。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Witty Words”介绍中的“It presents level-based crossword puzzles and word search games, featuring oversized buttons and controls for seniors. (它提供了基于级别的填字游戏和单词搜索游戏，为老年人提供了超大的按钮和控件。)”可知，Witty Words应用程序通过设计大按钮让老年人更容易操作。故选A。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“MindMate”介绍中的“It is a multipurpose app that helps seniors keep fit with brain training, physical activities, and tips on healthy eating. The approach starts with brain. stimulating games that improve memory, attention and speed. And to top it off, it also comes with senior-friendly workout videos.(这是一个多用途的应用程序，可以帮助老年人通过大脑训练、体育活动和健康饮食提示来保持健康。方法从大脑开始。刺激游戏，提高记忆力，注意力和速度。最重要的是，它还配有适合老年人的锻炼视频。)”可知，MindMate通过大脑训练、体育活动和健康饮食技巧帮助老年人保持健康，还配有适合老年人的锻炼视频。由此可知，MindMate能够帮助老年人增强体质。故选D。 B “It was written in some sense,” Sophie Blake, a physics professor, would end up in observational cosmology — the study of the origin and development of the universe using specialized telescopes. “I’m not going to lie. My father was a physicist. My mother’s an astronomer. But no kid wants to be like their parents,” she jokes, semi-seriously. Blake always enjoyed building things like a child engineer. It wasn’t unusual for her to experiment with her father’s research equipment. She thanks, in part, her short attention period for her inquisitiveness, “I am always looking for something.” For the last few years, Blake has been searching for signs of the universe’s early existence — from the birth of the first stars to the “cosmic (宇宙的) dark ages” — and she’s building her own equipment to explore beyond the known universe, focusing on its distant past with novel radio technology. Since 2017, Blake and her team have been engineering and planting radio telescopes in two of the Earth’s most remote (and quietest) locations for the best shot at hearing the earliest voice of the universe. Initially, Blake planned a PhD in particle (粒子) physics but switched direction after a visit to a lab with messy equipment and tools everywhere at the California Institute of Technology. “I didn’t know about observational cosmology then but thought, ‘Whatever this is, I want to do that.’” She spent a year at the Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station, after conducting experiments of a balloon-borne microwave telescope launched from McMurdo. “That really inspired my love for remote places,” she said. Eventually, she wanted to engineer her own instruments. After her year at the South Pole, she joined the University of KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa. At that time, the site decision was made for the largest radio telescope group on Earth. “This was also a leap of faith because I really couldn’t continue the work I was doing before.” Blake recalls. “I had never done radio before but I thought, ‘Let me give this a try and see how it goes.’” 4. What can we infer from Blake’s joke in paragraph 1? A. She follows in her parents’ footsteps. B. She develops an interest in telescopes. C. She lies about her parents’ professions. D. She lives up to her parents’ expectations. 5. What does the underlined word “inquisitiveness” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Talent. B. Courage. C. Curiosity. D. Intelligence. 6. What stimulated Blake’s passion for distant places? A. Her visit to a lab in a university. B. Her wish to build her own equipment. C. Her faith in hearing the cosmic sound. D. Her experience at a South Pole Station. 7. Which of the following best describes Blake? A. Confident and caring. B. Generous and optimistic. C. Modest and open-minded. D. Adventurous and determined. 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. D 7. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述Sophie Blake改变研究方向——从粒子物理学转向宇宙观测学——的经历和之后在该领域所做相关研究工作。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段““It was written in some sense,” Sophie Blake, a physics professor, would end up in observational cosmology—the study of the origin and development of the universe using specialized telescopes. “I’m not going to lie. My father was a physicist. My mother’s an astronomer. But no kid wants to be like their parents,” she jokes, semi-seriously.(物理学教授索菲·布莱克最终选择了观测宇宙学——用专门的望远镜研究宇宙的起源和发展——“从某种意义上说，它是写出来的。”“我不想撒谎。我父亲是个物理学家。我妈妈是天文学家。但没有孩子想要像他们的父母一样，”她半严肃地开玩笑说)”可知，布莱克最终还是继承了父母的事业，成为了宇宙学家。故选A。 【5题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“I am always looking for something.(我总是在寻找一些东西)”可知，她总是寻找一些东西，说明充满好奇心，故划线部分单词意思为“好奇心”。故选C。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“She spent a year at the Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station, after conducting experiments of a balloon-borne microwave telescope launched from McMurdo. “That really inspired my love for remote places,” she said.(她在阿蒙森-斯科特南极站呆了一年，在那里进行了从麦克默多发射的气球载微波望远镜的实验。“这真的激发了我对偏远地区的热爱，”她说)”可知，在南极站的经历激发了布莱克对远方的热情。故选D。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段““I didn’t know about observational cosmology then but thought, ‘Whatever this is, I want to do that.’”(“当时我还不知道观测宇宙学，但我想，‘不管这是什么，我都想做。’”)”可知，Blake 是一个坚决果断的人；根据最后一段““I had never done radio before but I thought, ‘Let me give this a try and see how it goes.’”(“我以前从来没有做过广播，但我想，‘让我试一试，看看会怎么样。’”)”可知，她还是一个有冒险精神、敢于尝试新鲜事物的人。 故选D。 C As humanity has got richer, animal’s roles have changed. People need their services less than before. Fewer wolves and thieves meant less demand for dogs for protection; the internal combustion engine (内燃机) made horses unneeded; modern sanitation (卫生设备) kept rats in check and made cats less useful. Domestic animals are no longer necessities, but commonly seen companions. Pet-keeping seems to become more and more popular, as a recent survey found that 69% of American households keep at least one pet. The pet business is growing even faster than pet numbers, because people are spending more and more money on them. No longer are they food-waste-recyclers, fed with the remains that fall from their masters’ tables. Pet food shelves are full of cuisines tailored to satisfy a range of appetites, including ice cream for dogs and foods for pets that are old, diabetic, or suffer from sensitive digestion. In the business, this is called “pet humanization” — the tendency of pet owners to treat their pets as part of the family. This is obvious in the names given to dogs, which have evolved from Fido, Rex, and Spot to Bella, Lucy, and Max. People still hold the false assumption that pets must be working for humanity in some way, perhaps making people healthier or less anxious. But the evidence for that is weak. New research suggests that dogs have evolved those “cute eyes” to affect human emotions and control them, which works very well. Humans now work very hard to pay for the care of their pets. For example, Americans often refer to themselves not as cat owners but as the cat’s “mommy” or “daddy”. South Koreans go one step further, describing themselves as cat “butlers (管家)”. Watch an unlucky man walking his dog, plastic bag in hand to pick up its mess, and we have to doubt: who’s in charge now? Is this relationship what we really want? 8. What can we learn about the animal-keeping trend? A. People’s needs for animal services are increasing. B. The price for purchasing a domestic pet is on the rise. C. Pet foods are less various and customized than before. D. Both the pet number and the pet business are growing. 9. Which of the following is the evidence of “pet humanization”? A. Pets’ ability to make their owners less anxious. B. Human’s increasing investment in pet-keeping. C. Pet’s roles as both working staff and companions. D. The owners’ preference to give pets human names. 10. What is the author’s attitude towards the current human-pet relationship? A. Skeptical. B. Conservative. C. Unclear. D. Approving. 11. Which might be the best title of the passage? A. The Changing Roles of Pets B. The Growing Trend of Pet Business C The Craze for Pet-keeping D. The Pros and Cons of Keeping Pets 【答案】8. D 9. D 10. A 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了宠物经济的崛起，随着人类社会的发展，动物在人类生活中扮演的角色也发生了变化，甚至开始在人们的生活中占有相当大的比例。文章也借此发出质疑，这是有必要的吗？ 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“The pet business is growing even faster than pet numbers, because people are spending more and more money on them. (宠物生意比宠物数量增长得更快，因为人们在宠物身上花的钱越来越多。)”可知，宠物的数量增长的很快，但是宠物经济发展更迅速，说明二者都在迅速发展，故选D项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“This is obvious in the names given to dogs, which have evolved from Fido, Rex, and Spot to Bella, Lucy, and Max. (这一点从人们给狗起的名字中就可以明显地看出来，它们的名字已经从菲多、雷克斯、点点演变成了贝拉、露西和马克斯。)”可知，狗的名字从动物化的名字转为人类的名字，说明人们开始把他们当作家人看待，也就是“宠物人文化”的证据，故选D项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Is this relationship what we really want? (这样的关系是我们真正想要的吗？)”可知，文章认为人们为动物付出太多，甚至被宠物主导生活，这不是我们想要的那种生活方式，作者对这种人类和动物的关系持怀疑态度，故选A项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Domestic animals are no longer necessities, but commonly seen companions. (家畜不再是必需品，而是常见的伙伴。)”可知，随着人类社会的进步，动物在人类生活中不再是为了生产而屯养的必需品，而是转变为了宠物和伙伴，这说明文章的关键词是“动物”和“角色转变”，A选项（宠物的角色转变）符合题意，故选A项。 D Imagine a warm spring day 66 million years ago. These could have been the very last moments of the dinosaur era when a city-sized asteroid struck Earth killing off three quarters of all species on the planet. According to a study published in Nature on Feb 23,the asteroid hit in springtime. Scientists have long been confused over the time of year the asteroid hit, and how some animals managed to survive while dinosaurs didn’t, according to USA Today. Researchers in 20l9 discovered fossilized fishes in North Dakota that died shortly after the asteroid hit Earth. They examined the fossils with a particle accelerator and found out there was seasonal growth on the bone. All fish bone cell densities and volumes can indicate the season. Because the accelerator also could capture the sizes, researchers were able to determine when in the year the asteroid hit, Dennis Voeten told USA Today. “I think spring puts a large group of the late Cretaceous biota in a very unprotected spot because they were out and about looking for food, tending to offspring after the winter,” Melanie During, the main author of the study. In the Southern Hemisphere, it was autumn. Therefore, life in the Southern Hemisphere was a lot more prepared for this event. It is unclear whether small animals in the Northern Hemisphere actually did worse than those in the south. There is evidence that Northern Hemisphere turtles were wiped out in the asteroid strike, after which their habitats were later repopulated by turtles from the south, Voeten told The Guardian. Nothing much larger than a house cat survived the asteroid impact and many species would have been killed whenever it hit, Daniel Field, a professor at the University of Cambridge, told The Guardian. 12. Which probably helps find the time of year the asteroid hit? A. The types of fossilized fishes. B. The location of fossilized fishes. C. The number of fish fossils in the area. D. The volume and density of the fish bone cells. 13. What causes the species’ extinction when the asteroid hit in Melanie During’s opinion? A. The season of the hit. B. The size of asteroid. C. The group size of species. D. The body shape of animals. 14. Which would Daniel Field most probably agree with? A. Chances of survival depended on it where the species lived at the time. B. Many species could have survived the asteroid strike but for the season. C. Many species had little chance to survive even if it was a different season. D. Animals from the Southern Hemisphere were less affected by asteroid strikes. 15. What can be the best title for the text? A. The Science behind the Asteroid B. Occurrence of the Natural Disaster C. The Effect of Dinosaurs’ Extinction D. New Research on the Asteroid Strike 【答案】12. D 13. A 14. C 15. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项关于小行星撞击地球的研究，介绍了研究开展的过程以及人们对此的不同看法。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“All fish bone cell densities and volumes can indicate the season. Because the accelerator also could capture the sizes, researchers were able to determine when in the year the asteroid hit, Dennis Voeten told USA Today.(所有鱼骨细胞的密度和体积都可以指示季节。丹尼斯·沃腾告诉《今日美国》，因为加速器也可以捕捉到小行星的大小，研究人员能够确定小行星撞击地球的时间)”可知，鱼骨细胞的体积和密度可能有助于找到小行星撞击地球的时间。故选D。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段““I think spring puts a large group of the late Cretaceous biota in a very unprotected spot because they were out and about looking for food, tending to offspring after the winter,” Melanie During, the main author of the study.(“我认为春天把一大批晚白垩纪生物群置于一个非常不受保护的地方，因为它们出去寻找食物，在冬天之后照顾后代，”该研究的主要作者Melanie During说)”可知，小行星撞击地球导致物种灭绝的原因是撞击的季节。故选A。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Nothing much larger than a house cat survived the asteroid impact and many species would have been killed whenever it hit, Daniel Field, a professor at the University of Cambridge, told The Guardian.(剑桥大学教授Daniel Field在接受《卫报》采访时表示，没有比家猫大得多的动物在小行星撞击中幸存下来，很多物种都可能在每次撞击中死亡)”可推知，Daniel Field 最有可能同意C选项“即使是不同的季节，许多物种也很少有机会生存”的观点。故选C。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Imagine a warm spring day 66 million years ago. These could have been the very last moments of the dinosaur era when a city-sized asteroid struck Earth, killing off three quarters of all species on the planet. According to a study published in Nature on Feb 23,the asteroid hit in springtime.(想象一下6600万年前一个温暖的春日。这可能是恐龙时代的最后时刻，一颗城市大小的小行星撞击了地球，杀死了地球上四分之三的物种。根据2月23日发表在《自然》杂志上的一项研究，这颗小行星在春季撞击地球)”结合文章主要介绍了一项关于小行星撞击地球的研究，介绍了研究开展的过程以及人们对此的不同看法。可知，D选项“小行星撞击的新研究”最符合文章标题。故选D。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 When something goes wrong, do you tend to bounce back or fall apart? When you have resilience (恢复力), you have the inner strength that helps you rebound from a setback or challenge. ___16___ Here are some skills to help you develop resilience. Realize it’s normal. Less than 20 percent of people successfully achieve their goal the first time around. It’s normal and expected for setbacks to occur. ___17___ Knowing this, it’s important to anticipate that the main task will be how to effectively manage the setback when it arises. Learn from the past. ___18___ Think about what has helped you through tough times. You can even write about past events in a journal to help you see the patterns of how you behave and to help guide you in the future. ___19___ Tend to your own needs and feelings. Do activities and hobbies you enjoy. Include physical activity in your daily routine. Get plenty of sleep and make bedtime rituals. Eat a healthy diet. Practice how to manage stress. Try ways to relax such as yoga, meditation, guided imagery, deep breathing or prayer. Take action. Don’t ignore your problems. ___20___ It can take time to recover from a major setback, trauma or loss. But know that your life can improve if you work at it. A. Take care of yourself. B. Make every day have meaning. C. Think of how you’ve coped with troubles in the past. D Connect with others by joining a faith or spiritual group. E. Instead, figure out what you need to do, make a plan and take action. F. In other words, it’s not about whether a challenge will happen, but when. G. If you lack resilience, you might get stuck on problems or feel like a victim. 【答案】16. G 17. F 18. C 19. A 20. E 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些培养适应力的技巧。 【16题详解】 根据上文“When something goes wrong, do you tend to bounce back or fall apart? When you have resilience (恢复力), you have the inner strength that helps you rebound from a setback or challenge.(当事情出错时，你是倾向于反弹还是崩溃？当你有韧性时，你有内在的力量，可以帮助你从挫折或挑战中恢复过来)”可知，上文提到了有韧性的情况。由此可知，本句是在说明缺乏韧性会导致的问题，G选项“如果你缺乏适应力，你可能会被问题困住，或者感觉自己像个受害者”符合语境，故选G。 【17题详解】 根据上文“Realize it’s normal. Less than 20 percent of people successfully achieve their goal the first time around. It’s normal and expected for setbacks to occur(意识到这很正常。只有不到20%的人第一次就成功实现了自己的目标。出现挫折是正常的，也是意料之中的)”以及后文“Knowing this, it’s important to anticipate that the main task will be how to effectively manage the setback when it arises.(知道了这一点，重要的是要预见到，当挫折出现时，主要任务是如何有效地管理挫折)”可知，上文提到了发生挫折很正常，后文提到了预见挫折。由此可知，重要的是预知挑战出现的时间，F选项“换句话说，问题不在于挑战是否会发生，而在于何时发生”符合语境，故选F。 【18题详解】 根据上文“Learn from the past.(汲取过去的经验教训)”以及后文“Think about what has helped you through tough times. You can even write about past events in a journal to help you see the patterns of how you behave and to help guide you in the future.(想想是什么帮助你度过了困难时期。你甚至可以把过去的事情写在日记里，这样可以帮助你了解自己的行为模式，并帮助你在未来指导自己)”可知，本段的主旨是回忆过去是如何应对困难的，汲取过去的经验教训，C选项中past对应上文past。由此可知，C选项“想想你过去是如何应对困难的”符合语境，故选C。 【19题详解】 根据后文“Tend to your own needs and feelings. Do activities and hobbies you enjoy. Include physical activity in your daily routine. Get plenty of sleep and make bedtime rituals. Eat a healthy diet. Practice how to manage stress. Try ways to relax, such as yoga, meditation, guided imagery, deep breathing or prayer.(关注自己的需求和感受。做你喜欢的活动和爱好。在你的日常生活中加入体育活动。保证充足的睡眠，养成睡前习惯。吃健康的饮食。练习如何管理压力。尝试一些放松的方法，比如瑜伽、冥想、引导想象、深呼吸或祈祷)”可知，本段的主旨是照顾好自己，关注自己的需求和感受。由此可知，A选项“多保重”符合语境，故选A。 【20题详解】 根据上文“Take action. Don’t ignore your problems.(采取行动。不要忽视你的问题)”可知，上文提到了不要忽视你的问题。由此可知，本句是在说明真正应该做什么，E选项“相反，要弄清楚你需要做什么，制定计划并采取行动”符合语境，故选E。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 One day, 75-year-old Delores Bushong returned home and couldn’t find her cat Hank. After calling his name in the neighborhood, she finally spotted him____21____up a tree. She believed Hank was frightened by some dogs. Bushong was____22____about how he would get down. She called the fire department and even construction companies but none were able to come. Bushong felt extremely____23____, but her neighbors showed her that she was not alone. Ed Baptiste, whose tree Hank had climbed, let Bushong sit in his backyard and call to Hank. Another neighbor____24____a can of sardines (沙丁鱼), hoping it might make the hungry cat ____25____. Nearby dog owners took their pets on walks instead of leitting them out in their yards to avoid further____26____Hank. By day five, despite the kindness of these neighbors, nothing had____27____. That’s when another neighbor told Bushong how her friends____28____their cat from a tree before. They looped some rope around at all branch and pulled a ____29____up to where the cat was sitting. The cat then jumped in and returned to_____30_____. Then Bushong fled a small basket with some of Hank’s favorite things. With the help of volunteers from a local tree company, they shot a pulley (滑轮) attached to a rope high into the tree. They got_____31_____on the first try, as the rope caught a branch directly above Hank. Pulling on the other end of the rope, they_____32_____the basket just beneath him. To their great _____33_____, he jumped in, and they lowered him. Hank’s_____34_____taught his grateful owner a lesson about_____35_____helping neighbors and small acts of kindness. From then on, Hank could only go outside with his owner. 21. A. tied B. stuck C. touched D. lost 22. A. surprised B. confused C. worried D. annoyed 23. A. helpless B. ashamed C. dissatisfied D. shocked 24. A. collected B. donated C. sold D. received 25. A. come down B. slow down C. look down D. calm down 26. A. refreshing B. disturbing C. scaring D. seizing 27. A. happened B. arrived C. worked D. mattered 28. A. attracted B. rescued C. discovered D. treated 29. A. basket B. box C. bottle D. bench 30. A. relief B. normal C. safety D. strength 31. A. careful B. nervous C. upset D. smooth 32. A. discovered B. permitted C. threw D. positioned 33. A. interest B. disappointment C. delight D. sorrow 34. A. adventure B. appearance C. challenge D. performance 35. A. strangers B. neighbors C. passers-by D. volunteers 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. C 28. A 29. A 30. C 31. D 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述Bushong的猫Hank爬到树上下不来，被困在树上五天，在邻居的安慰和帮助下成功救下了Hank，这让Bushong意识到了邻居之间互相帮助的重要性。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在附近叫了他的名字后，她终于发现他被困在一棵树上。A. tied打成平局的，系紧的；B. stuck被困住的；C. touched受感动的；D. lost迷路的。根据下文“By day five, despite the kindness of these neighbors, nothing had____7____.”可知Hank被困在树上好几天，故选B。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Bushong担心他自己怎么下去。A. surprised惊讶的；B. confused困惑的；C. worried担心的；D. annoyed烦人的。根据下文“She called the fire department and even construction companies but none were able to come.”可知是Bushong非常担心猫，所以才会给消防部门打电话帮忙，故选C。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Bushong感到非常无助，但她的邻居告诉她，她并不孤单。A. helpless无助的；B. ashamed羞耻的；C. dissatisfied不满意的；D. shocked震惊的。根据上文“She called the fire department and even construction companies but none were able to come.”可知消防部门和建设公司的人都没来，所以应该是感到无助，故选A。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：另一位邻居捐赠了一罐沙丁鱼，希望能让这只饥饿的猫下来。A. collected收集；B. donated捐赠；C. sold出售；D. received收到。根据上文“her neighbors showed her that she was not alone”可知邻居来帮忙，拿了沙丁鱼吸引猫下来，故选B。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. come down下来；B. slow down慢下来；C. look down俯视；D. calm down镇定。根据前文可知猫被困树上了，邻居来帮忙，拿了沙丁鱼吸引猫下来，故选A。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：附近的狗主人带着他们的宠物散步，而不是把它们放在院子里，以免进一步吓到Hank。A. refreshing使精神抖擞；B. disturbing打扰；C. scaring惊吓；D. seizing抓住。根据上文“She believed Hank was frightened by some dogs.”可知其他邻居把狗带离院子以免吓到Hank。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：第五天，尽管邻居们都很好心，但一切都没起作用。A. happened发生；B. arrived到达；C. worked起作用；D. mattered要紧。根据上文“despite the kindness of these neighbors”的转折关系以及下文继续营救Hank可知应该是都没起作用，故选C。 28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，另一位邻居告诉Bushong，她的朋友们以前是如何把猫从树上吸引过来的。A. attracted吸引；B. rescued拯救；C. discovered发现；D. treated对待。根据下文“They looped some rope around at all branch and pulled a ____9____up to where the cat was sitting. The cat then jumped in and returned to____10____”可知是讲以前朋友怎么把猫吸引下来的，故选A。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们在所有的树枝上系上绳子，拉了一个篮子到猫坐的地方。A. basket篮子；B. box盒子；C. bottle瓶子；D. bench长凳。根据下文“Then Bushong fled a small basket with some of Hank’s favorite things.”可知是basket的词汇复现，故选A。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后猫跳了进去，安全返回。A. relief宽慰；B. normal常态；C. safety安全；D. strength力气。根据上文“That’s when another neighbor told Bushong how her friends____8____their cat from a tree before.”可知下文这个方法让猫安全返回，故选C。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们第一次就成功了，绳子钩住了Hank正上方的一根树枝。A. careful仔细的；B. nervous紧张的；C. upset不安的；D. smooth顺利的。根据下文“as the rope caught a branch directly above Hank”可知第一次就成功了，很顺利，故选D。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们拉着绳子的另一端，把篮子放在他的正下方。A. discovered发现；B. permitted允许；C. threw扔；D. positioned定位，安放。根据下文“the basket just beneath him”可知正好把篮子放在了猫的下方，故选D。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：让他们非常高兴的是，他跳了进去，他们把他放下来。A. interest兴趣；B. disappointment失望；C. delight高兴；D. sorrow悲伤。根据下文“he jumped in, and they lowered him”可知猫被成功解救下来，所以是高兴，故选C。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Hank的冒险给他感激的主人上了一课，让他明白邻居之间应该互相帮助，小善举也应该如此。A. adventure冒险；B. appearance外表；C. challenge挑战；D. performance表演。根据整篇文章可知Hank被困在树上五天，试了多种方法才被解救下来，所以应该是他的冒险，故选A。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. strangers陌生人；B. neighbors邻居；C. passers-by过路人；D. volunteers志愿者。根据整篇文章可知是邻居们想尽各种办法来解救Hank，所以应该是邻居帮助邻居，故选B。 第II卷(总分55分) 注意事项：用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将答案写在答题纸上。写在本试卷上无效。 第二节 单词拼写 (共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 根据所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，在答题卷上空缺处写出（源自选择性必修一第一和第二单元）单词的正确形式，每空一词。 36. A basketball match was held between two classes. Luckily, we d__________ the other class by 80:70. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】defeated##efeated 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：两个班之间举行了一场篮球赛。幸运的是，我们以80 :70击败了另一个班。本空用动词defeat“击败”，本句描述过去的动作，故时态用一般过去时，谓语用过去式。故填defeated。 37. She is widely a__________to be one of the greatest scientists in the world. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】acknowledged/cknowledged 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：她被公认为是世界上最伟大的科学家之一。根据语境，世界上的伟大科学家应该是人们公认的，结合首字母a，可知动词acknowledge意为“公认”符合语境，在句中作谓语，根据前面is判断，使用了被动语态，be acknowledged to be... 意为“被公认为是……”，所以动词应使用过去分词形式。故填acknowledged/cknowledged 38. P__________ should be given to graduates of this university. （根据首字母单词拼写） 【答案】Preference##reference 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：这个大学的毕业生应该被优先考虑。此处用名词preference“优待，优先权”，作主语，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Preference。 39. The mother went out of the house. During her a__________, the children made the house really dirty. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】absence##bsence 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：母亲出了门。在她不在的时候，孩子们把房子弄得很脏。本空用名词absence“缺席，不在”，作During的宾语。故答案为absence。 40. I will not be a__________this afternoon as I will attend an important meeting. Hence you can only find me in the evening. （根据首字母单词拼写） 【答案】available##vailable 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我今天下午没空，因为我要参加一个重要会议。所以你只能在晚上找到我。该空需要一个形容词作表语，根据下文，下午有重要会议，没有时间见对方，只能等晚上，结合首字母a可知，形容词available意为“有空闲时间的；可得到的”，符合题意。故填available。 41. At the conference held yesterday, the government __________ (承诺，保证) itself to handling the problem immediately. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】committed 【解析】 【详解】考查动词及时态。句意：在昨天举行的会议上，政府承诺立即处理这个问题。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用动词短语commit oneself to doing“承诺会做某事”，动词commit在句中作谓语，根据时间状语At the conference held yesterday可知，应使用一般过去时态，commit的过去式拼写为committed。故填committed。 42. Whenever I talk with the educator, he always__________ (提倡，拥护) educating children according to their needs. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】advocates 【解析】 【详解】考查动词及时态。句意：每当我与那位教育家交谈时，他总是主张根据孩子的需要教育他们。该空需要一个动词作谓语，根据汉语提示，动词advocate意为“提倡，拥护”，根据时间状语从句Whenever I talk with the educator的时态可知，句子叙述经常发生的事情，应使用一般现在时，主语为he，动词应使用第三人称单数形式。故填advocates。 43. Under no __________ (条件，环境) will the company say “yes” to his idea. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】circumstances 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：在任何情况下，公司都不会同意他的想法。该空需要一个名词作宾语，名词circumstance意为“条件，环境”，固定短语under no circumstances意为“在任何情况下都不，绝不，无论如何都不”，该短语置于句首，谓语部分要使用部分倒装语序，符合语境。故填circumstances 44. She had to flee the country as a result of __________ (反对) its policy. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】opposing 【解析】 【详解】考查动词及动名词作宾语。句意：她由于反对该国的政策，不得不逃离该国。根据后面宾语its policy，可知该空需要一个动词，根据汉语提示，动词oppose意为“反对”，符合句意，该动词作介词of的宾语，应使用动名词形式。故填opposing。 45. People who smoke have more __________ (潜力，可能性) to develop lung cancer. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】potential 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：吸烟的人更有可能发展成肺癌。本空用名词potential“潜力，可能性”，作have的宾语，故填potential。 第三节 单句语法填空 (共5小题；每小题1 分，满分5分) 在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 46. They tested hundreds of Traditional Chinese medicine, none of __________ worked. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】which 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他们测试了数百种中药，没有一种有效。此处考查介词+关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为hundreds of Traditional Chinese medicine，作of的宾语，故用关系代词which。故填which。 47. Albert Einstein, __________ theories are universally recognized, was a modest man. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】whose 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：爱因斯坦是一个谦虚的人，他的理论是举世公认的。该空需要一个关系词引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Albert Einstein，并指代先行词在从句中作定语，应填关系代词whose。故填whose。 48. __________ hearing that he was admitted to a key university, he couldn’t help crying. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】On##Upon 【解析】 【详解】考查介词。句意：听到他被一所重点大学录取的消息，他忍不住哭了。本空用介词on或upon，意为“一……就……”，位于句首，首字母大写。故填On或Upon。 49. It will take a person at least a year __________ he/she has a good command of the language. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】before 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：一个人至少需要一年的时间才能熟练掌握这门语言。此处为“It will be/take +时间段+before somebody does something”结构，表示“需要一段时间才会……”，符合句意。故填before。 50. __________ instant they heard the alarm, they fell in for action.（用适当的词填空） 【答案】The 【解析】 【详解】考查冠词。句意：他们一听到警报就立即行动起来。名词instant前加冠词the，可用作连词引导时间状语从句，意为“一……就……”，句首字母应大写。故填The. 第四部分写作(共两节, 满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 51. 用英语写一篇短文：你最仰慕的科学家或伟人。简单介绍他的生平以及你仰慕他的原因。 注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Deng Jiaxian, the founder of Chinese Nuclear weapons , is the scientist I admire most. Born in Anhui in 1924, he later went to America for further study and obtained his doctorate there. Passionate to construct the newly-built PRC, he returned to China and committed himself to research. His hard work finally paid off. Nuclear and hydrogen bombs were developed by his team, greatly improving China’s defense power. Greatly acknowledged by the whole nation, he was awarded several national prizes. Unfortunately, he developed cancer because of nuclear radiation, and passed away in 1986. He will always be remembered. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生用英语写一篇短文，介绍自己最仰慕的科学家或伟人。简单介绍他的生平以及仰慕他的原因 【详解】1.词汇积累 得到，获得：obtain→get/earn 不幸地是：unfortunately→ unluckily 投入，献身，致力于：commit oneself to→devote oneself to 努力，付出：hard work→effort 2.句式拓展 同义句 原句：Deng Jiaxian, the founder of Chinese Nuclear weapons , is the scientist I admire most. 拓展句：Deng Jiaxian,who is the founder of Chinese Nuclear weapons , is the scientist I admire most. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Nuclear and hydrogen bombs were developed by his team, greatly improving China’s defense power.（运用了现在分词作状语） 【高分句型2】Greatly acknowledged by the whole nation, he was awarded several national prizes.（运用了过去分词短语作状语） 第二节(满分25分) 52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Many years ago, I was at a girls’ school and our teacher made all the girls in the class sit next to someone different every day. On one of the days, my teacher paired Madhuri, who I had never talked to, and me to sit next to each other. I noticed that she seemed very anxious. I asked her what was wrong. She remained silent at first, but eventually, she told me that she had three sisters in her family and that her father couldn’t afford school books for all of them. My primary school was strict, as was the standard then, and if you didn’t have your school books the teacher would make you leave the class. Madhuri was very anxious that day because she thought that the teacher would tell her to leave the class. When the teacher saw that she didn’t have the books, he told Madhuri that she couldn’t attend class for a week. Madhuri was very upset. I felt so bad when I saw her pain that I decided to help her. I went to speak to her and offered to buy the books for her. She refused my offer to help. She had very strong principles and she would never accept things bought by others. When I got home from school I told my mom the story. She said that it was good that I had tried to help but I should stop worrying about it because there was nothing more that I could do if she had refused my offer to help. I couldn’t stop worrying about it though. 注意：1.续写词数共150左右; 2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好; 3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: Then I had an idea. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: The next day, I got up early so that I could go to her house before going to school. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Then I had an idea. My older brother, who had once used the same series of books, graduated from school last year. Why not turn to him for help? Maybe those old books were the solution to the problem. They wouldn’t cost anything so Madhuri could accept without any pressure. I went to mom and my brother immediately. After hearing Madhuri’s situation and my plan, my brother was quite willing to help. We sorted out the needed books for Madhuri together very quickly. Looking at the neatly piled books, I felt quite satisfied and delighted but suddenly a concern flashed across my mind, “Would Madhuri mind they are second-hand books?” The next day, I got up early so that I could go to her house before going to school. Not knowing what would happen and not sure whether she would accept the books or not, I knocked at the door nervously. When the door opened, I could see her surprised expression. Hearing that these books were old books of my brother, she accepted them without hesitation. I also got a weight off my mind. On the way to school, I could see from her face how happy she was. From that day on, something changed and as the day passed and the years moved on, Madhuri and I became best friends. 【解析】 【导语】本文以交友为线索展开，讲述了作者在学校无奈地和不喜欢的同学Madhuri做了同桌之后，发现Madhuri因为买不起课本，很焦虑，作者想要为她买课本，Madhuri坚持不接受别人给买的东西。最终作者想到好主意，找到用过的一套旧课本送给了Madhuri，Madhuri很高兴地接受了帮助，最后两个人成为好朋友的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“然后我有了一个主意。”可知，第一段可描写作者想出帮助Madhuri的好主意，找到一套旧课本，打算送给Madhuri。 ②由第二段首句内容“第二天，我起得很早，这样我就可以在去学校之前去她家。”可知，第二段可描写作者给Madhuri送课本的过程，以及Madhuri接受课本情况等。 2.续写线索：想出办法——帮助——满意——高兴——惊讶——接受——开心 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①.帮助：help/assist/do sb a favour ②.接受：accept/take ③.（时间）流逝：pass→go on 情绪类 ①. 满意的：satisfied/content ②. 高兴的：delighted/pleased/joyful/cheerful ③.惊讶的：surprised/amazed/astonished 【点睛】[高分句型1]. My older brother, who had once used the same series of books, graduated from school last year. (运用了关系代词who引导非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2]. Not knowing what would happen and not sure whether she would accept the books or not, I knocked at the door nervously. (运用了现在分词作状语以及what和whether引导的宾语从句) 1—5 CBCBC 6—10 AAABB 11—15 BCBAA 16—20 BCBAC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$