精品解析：江苏省盐城市七校2024-2025学年高二上学期10月联考英语试题

高二年级第一次学情检测 英 语 全卷满分150分 考试时间 120分钟 注意事项： 1. 答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。 2. 请按题号顺序在答题卡上各题目的答题区域内作答，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 3. 选择题用2B铅笔在答题卡上把所选答案的标号涂黑；非选择题用黑色签字笔在答题卡上作答；字体工整，笔迹清楚。 4. 考试结束后，请将试卷和答题卡一并上交。 5. 本卷主要考查内容：译林版选择性必修第一册U3~U4。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Who lets the secret out? A. Mary. B. Lucy. C. Paul. 2. What day is it today? A Thursday. B. Friday. C. Saturday. 3. Why was the man absent last week? A. He was sick. B. He was at work. C. He was travelling. 4. How will the woman probably find the restaurant? A. By reading a map. B. By following the arrows. C. By ignoring the signs. 5. When will the lecture begin? A. At 7: 12. B. At 7: 20. C. At 9: 00. 第二节（共15 小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At school. B. At a shop. C. At home. 7. What will the man do next? A. Check his bike. B. Buy a pen. C. Review his notes. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What happened to the woman? A. She got hurt. B. She lost her snowboard. C. She was too tired to reach the mountain. 9. How will the speakers probably get home? A On foot. B. By bus. C. By subway. 听第8段材料，回答第 10 至 12题。 10. What is the woman pleased to get rid of? A. Her house. B. Her housework. C. Her high school. 11. What does the man think of the woman? A. Understandable. B. Mature. C. Stupid. 12. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Family members. C. Fellow travellers. 听第9段材料，回答第13至 16题。 13. What does the woman want to do? A. Buy the house. B. Rent the house. C. Look at the house. 14. How many bedrooms does the house have? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. 15. Which aspect of the house is the man concerned about? A. The size. B. The price. C. The place. 16. What will the speakers do next? A. Speak in private. B. Accept the house. C. Check out the other houses. 听第 10段材料, 回答第 17 至 20题。 17. How long is the Green Line running late? A. 10 minutes. B. 15 minutes. C. 20 minutes. 18. Which track will the Yellow Line now leave from? A. Track 6. B. Track 7. C. Track 8. 19 What should passengers do if they are taking the Red Line? A. Get a new ticket. B. Wait for the next train. C. Go to a different track. 20. What happens to the trains on the White Line after 3: 45 today? A. They are canceled. B. They are delayed. C. They are on time. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15 小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A A Reminder Bracelet (手链) Description The “Within Good” product line was created as a way to encourage positive thoughts and good deeds. In one simple design concept, it is a wearable reminder to people of all backgrounds that “Within Good, There Is God”—a pure message that no matter what you are going through, you can always do good, and the spirit of love, known as God, is always within us and in the world. Within Good is not intended to be a religious bracelet. In fact, one of the reasons why the “God” reference appears on the inside of the bracelet is because it is personal to the wearer. The company co-founders say their concept was to go back to the basics of doing good for yourself and others: “At the end of the day, God symbolizes peace, love, connectedness, purpose, and any other word that makes you feel GOOD.” Over many months, the logo (标识) turned into a symbol represented by the double “o” in Good and interlocking with the G and D. “Within Good” is printed on the top of the bracelet and on the back is printed, “There Is God”. The rope symbolizes strength, and a strong connection between Good and God (always inside us). Why This Is a Good Gift: Looks Great: Casual yet classy styling, in a unisex (中性化的) design. Gift Packaging: Each bracelet arrives inside its own little drawstring bag, ready to give away without wrapping (包装). Discount: $29.99 $26 Click here to buy the amazing bracelet, and get 10% off Now. 1. What does “the rope” represent? A. Love. B. Peace. C. Purpose. D. Strength. 2. What can we learn about the bracelet? A. It’s only suitable for men. B. It’s a religious bracelet. C. It’s ready to be given away without wrapping. D. It’s printed with the words “Within Good” on its back. 3. Where can you find the text? A. On a website. B. On a noticeboard. C. In a textbook. D. In a newspaper. B Born in Potsdam (in the Kingdom of Prussia) in 1821, Helmholtz was one of the 19th century’s most knowledgeable scientists, whose name turns up in the histories of multiple scientific fields and specialties. As a youngster, he had an interest in physics, but that seemed a financially unwise career choice. He went to medical school and studied physiology instead, because he was drawn to others who promoted the point that physiology should be based on the principles of chemistry and physics, not the vital forces that had been popularly emphasized previously. After earning his medical degree, Helmholtz served as an army surgeon before becoming professor of physiology at the University of Konigsberg. During that time, he composed a groundbreaking paper on the conservation of energy, which made him a good reputation in science community. His main argument is that all science can be reduced to mechanics. It is emphasized that Newtonian mechanics and Lagrangian mechanics are mathematically equivalent, so a force can be measured by the Laplace method in terms of the energy transferred by the force or the work done by the force. All of this energy is conserved. While at Konigsberg, he studied the nervous system, optics (光学) and acoustics (声学),especially with regard to the physiology of the senses. Then he moved on to the University of bonn as professor of anatomy (解剖学) and physiology. After some time at the University of Heidelberg, where he became interested in philosophy, in 1871 he was awarded the physics chair at the University of Berlin. At last he could focus on physics, emphasizing the importance of the principle of least action for explaining physical phenomena. He also explored the branches of Maxwell’s new theory. By this time, he was recognized as one of Germany’s premier scientists, until his death in 1894. 4. Why did Helmholtz choose to study physiology? A. He made the choice for economic difficulty. B. He would like to make himself have more skills. C. He preferred physiology to chemistry and physics. D. He was attracted by a different viewpoint. 5. What made Helmholtz popular among scientists? A His degree in medical science. B His talent in chemistry and physics. C. His paper on the conservation of energy. D. His achievements as an army surgeon. 6. What can be inferred about Helmholtz from the last paragraph? A. He was a famous philosopher. B. He proved Maxwell’s new theory. C. He was a physics professor at Konigsberg. D. He devoted his rest life to physical research. 7. Which words can best describe Helmholtz? A. All-round and determined. B. Energetic and cautious. C. Knowledgeable and brave. D. Humorous and courageous. C Contrary to popular opinion, the scientific pursuit for knowledge is not a predictable and well- defined process. To make new discoveries, researchers need the freedom to be creative, fail, and learn by chance. There is the romantic idea of the scientist who has an Eureka moment (顿悟时刻) and suddenly arrives at new insights. Another impression is that research only involves formal steps. Neither of those ideas is correct. “Science and art are two different ways to make something comprehensible or imaginable,” says Biochemistry Professor Dolf Weijers. “From the outside, the research process looks very formal and the artistic process looks somewhat messy. But the scientific process can also unfold (展开) in an unpredictable way. Creative and associative thinking is very important for scientists to gain insight and make connections.” There is an intersection between science and art. This is why Wageningen scientists look to artists for inspiration and exchange ideas about how to amplify creative freedom. Weijers and his colleague Joris Sprakel, together with other scientists and artists, have designed a plan to learn from each other and to exchange ideas. One example is the recent and special project in which they measured the forces that act on plant cells. A molecular (分子) sensor was used to visualise the different forces. They revealed the results in colourful images, each representing a different force. What science and art also have in common is that they are topics of discussion in society. There are people who say that they do not value art and people who mistrust science. “ It often creates the wrong impression because only the results of scientific studies are presented, and people do not have any insight into the artistic process leading to discovery. As a scientist, you are criticised if you say that something is different a few years later. Then you are viewed as unreliable. But what is often poorly understood is that there are no final results in science, ” says Weijers. 8. What is the first paragraph mainly about? A. The purpose of science research. B. The views on science research. C. The attitude to science research. D. The hardship of science research. 9. What can we know from Weijers's view? A. The research process and the artistic process are totally different in science. B. The scientific process always unfolds in an unpredictable way. C. Scientists should have creative and associative thinking. D. The artistic process is too messy to be used in research. 10. What does the underlined word “amplify” mean in the third paragraph? A. Detect. B. Abandon. C. Imply. D. Increase. 11. Why does the author mention Weijers's research on plant cells? A. To display the beauty of colourful images. B. To show the connection between science and art. C. To present the findings of his recent project. D. To stress the importance of thinking freely. D The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has to recall hundreds of foods every year. Like cookie snack packs with pieces of blue plastic hiding inside, dressing and sauce containing salmonella (沙门氏菌) or various jams containing with lead (铅). It can take a few months before a recall is issued. But now researchers have come up with a method that might fast-track that process, leading to early detection and, ultimately, faster recalls. The AI system relies on the fact that people increasingly buy foods and spices online. And people tend to write reviews of products they buy online, which are like bread crumbs (包屑) to food-safety officials sniffing (嗅) out dangerous products. The researchers linked FDA food recalls from 2012 to 2014 to amazon reviews of those same products. They then trained machine-learning algorithms (算法) to distinguish between reviews for recalled items and reviews for items that had not been flagged. And the trained algorithms were able to predict FDA recalls three quarters of the time. They also identified another 20, 000 reviews for possibly unsafe foods, most of which had never been recalled. The results are published in Journal of the American Medical In formatics Association. The World Health Organization estimates that 600 million people worldwide get sick annually from polluted food, and more than 400,000 people die from it. “Sohaving tools that enable us to detect this a lot faster and hopefully investigate and do recalls faster will be useful not just in the U. S. but in other countries around the world as well.” Study author Elaine Nsoesie of Boston University. She did add one warning even recalled products can still get five-star reviews. So stars alone don’t tell the whole sickening story. The proof unfortunately, may still be in the pudding. 12. What will help Fda recall unsafe foods faster than before? A. Efforts of food-safety officials B. Lots of online reviews of products C. New measures of food-safety officials. D. Online reviews of the polluted foods 13. How does the author introduce the process of the research? A. By describing facts. B. By giving examples C. By analyzing data. D. By making comparisons. 14. What’s elaine’s attitude towards five-star reviews? A. Tolerant B. Skeptical C. Ambiguous. D. approval 15. Which may be the most suitable title for the text? A. AI Sniffs out Unsafe Foods B. FDA Detects Unsafe foods C. AI Helps FDA Judge Reviews D. FDA Develops System of Judging Reviews 第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分 12. 5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 There’s a reason why dogs are called man’s best friend. Dogs and cats make wonderful companions and provide many emotional and physical benefits. The most obvious benefits of pet ownership are love and companionship. We feel especially secure with dogs and cats because of the unconditional love they provide. ____16____ Taking care of a dog or a cat can provide a sense of purpose and a feeling of being accepted. ____17____ When you feel securely attached to this living being, there are biological brain effects that reduce stress response, so it may affect your breathing rate or blood pressure or anxiety level. It’s not always easy caring for pets, however. Sometimes having them in the home poses safety threats for older adults. If you have problems with walking and stability and your pet can get under your feet or jump up and knock you over, then falls and broken bones are a real danger. ____18____ Animals carry all kinds of bacteria that can be transferred to humans. Dogs and cats can also cause allergic (过敏的) reactions in some pet owners. Before getting a pet, consider if you’re physically and mentally able to care for it. ____19____ Do you have the energy and strength to feed it, play with it, and in the case of dogs, take it for daily walks? Do you have the financial means to pay for pet food and visits to the veterinarian (兽医)? If you feel you have the mental, physical, and financial means to care for a pet, take the pet’s size into consideration — not too big and not too small. And consider the animal’s personality. ____20____ A. Avoid dogs with a lot of separation anxiety. B. Whatever you do or say, your pet always loves you. C. Do your parents help look after your pet? D. There are also health risks associated with pet ownership. E. The emotional benefits can translate into physical ones as well. F. They’re cute, but pets aren’t always appropriate for older adults. G. Do you have the memory skills to remember to feed the animal? 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30 分） 第一节（共15 小题；每小题1分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 At age sixty-one, “Daddy” Bruce Randolph opened Daddy Bruce’s Barbecue Restaurant in the “Five Points” area, a poor section of Denver. He was a kind and ____21____ man, who helped numerous people — not just his customers, but the poor and the ____22____. Every Thanksgiving, Bruce and his son would ____23____ engage themselves in cooking for the thousands of homeless. He wanted them to have a great and free ____24____ on this special day. About a week before, Bruce began ____25____ all the food. In the early years of his project, he paid for everything out-of-pocket. But as time went by, the ____26____ skyrocketed as the crowds grew. That’s when Bruce’s ____27____ stepped in to help. They ____28____ tons of turkeys, potatoes, yams and ribs. And they donated their time to stand behind and beside the old man. They ____29____ to cook and serve. It was a rare moment to ____30____ a gentleman serving food to a man who lived in a cardboard box underneath a viaduct (高架桥). Due to the participation of various people, it seems there was an endless ____31____ of food to feed those homeless people. No one ever walked away ____32____ from Bruce’s restaurant. It was Bruce who ____33____ the whole thing and supervised it until a few years ago when he edged towards ninety. He had become too old to ____34____ anymore. He was one of the few people who lived to see a city street named in his ____35____. Mayor Federico Pena renamed East 34th Avenue “Bruce Randolph Boulevard”. 21. A. curious B. honest C. generous D. active 22. A. disabled B. homeless C. injured D. old 23. A. confidently B. gradually C. completely D. successfully 24. A. check B. dinner C. journey D. ride 25. A. preparing B. transporting C. collecting D. handling 26. A. prices B. profits C. resources D. costs 27. A. relatives B. admirers C. customers D. classmates 28. A. ate B. donated C. produced D. sold 29. A. promised B. demanded C. attempted D. volunteered 30. A. forbid B. see C. stop D. catch 31. A. supply B. charity C. creation D. discovery 32. A. thirsty B. hungry C. tired D. hopeless 33. A. started B. raced C. discovered D. won 34. A. stay B. live C. blame D. work 35. A. honour B. view C. life D. favour 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The pipa is a four-stringed Chinese musical instrument, ____36____ (belong) to the plucked (拨弦的) category of instruments. Sometimes called the Chinese lute, the instrument has ____37____ unique pear-shaped wooden body with a varying number of frets (琴格) ranging from 12 to 26. The pipa is one of the most popular Chinese instruments and ____38____ (play) for almost two thousand years in China. In China, plenty of music and stories are associated ____39____ this instrument. The most popular one is about a beauty ____40____ (call) Wang Zhaojun. It is said that Wang Zhaojun began a journey northward ____41____ (marry) a nomad (游牧民族) ruler. She left her hometown on horseback on a bright autumn morning and along the way, the horse neighed (嘶鸣) making Zhaojun ____42____ (extreme) sad and unable to control her emotions. As she sat on the saddle, she began to play sorrowful melodies on a stringed instrument. A group of ____43____ (bird) flying southward heard the music, saw the beautiful young woman riding the horse, immediately forgot to flap their wings, ____44____ fell to the ground. From then on, Zhaojun acquired the nickname “drop birds” or “luoyan”. Later, the melody, ____45____ was played on the saddle, was regarded as Zhaojun’s Lament (《昭君怨》) and the stringed instrument was commonly described as a pipa. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分 15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你与英国外教Helen约定于本周六一起去写生(sketch)，但因故不能赴约。请给她写一封邮件，内容包括： 1.表达歉意; 2.解释原因; 3.另约时间。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Helen, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分 25分） 47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。 When I was in middle school, my family moved to Seattle, where my parents started their new business — a small grocery store downstairs my house. As a girl of shy and reserved nature, I had to take a fresh start to fit into the sophisticated city life. One sunny day, my school announced an exciting event, a talent show for the local food bank. Students were encouraged to showcase their unique talents in front of the public in the city hall on National Day. A buzz of excitement fed the school as everyone began preparing for the big day. Deep down, I felt a spark of curiosity and a desire to participate. However, my self-doubt held me back, “I don’t have any special skills to share.” Days turned into weeks, and the talent show drew closer. I couldn’t shake the upsetting feeling until one day, Emma, one of the most popular girls in my class, came to me while I was helping in the grocery store after class. “How about singing together in the talent show?” She grinned, “I heard you singing a tune, along the way back home. I can’t help following you here.” Gosh, I couldn’t believe my ears. Emma, with personality and popularity, acknowledged my little talent. Since Emma had the world’s prettiest voice, I felt like being favoured by fortune. “You two? The talent show for the food bank?” My mum bent towards us and her face lit up. “A big occasion.” Then a light bulb seemed to go in her head. “Why not practise right now upstairs? I bet you’ll be a perfect match.” Winking at us, she seemed to know we were thinking alike. Emma and I embarked on rehearsing almost every single day after school. We brainstormed, exchanged ideas and rehearsed the scene. As the days rolled by, I was feeling pretty good about our act. But the day before the performance, Emma called that she had an acute stomachache and was not in any shape to perform. 注意： 1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: I was completely knocked out by the news. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Finally came the big moment. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 高二年级第一次学情检测 英 语 全卷满分150分 考试时间 120分钟 注意事项： 1. 答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。 2. 请按题号顺序在答题卡上各题目的答题区域内作答，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 3. 选择题用2B铅笔在答题卡上把所选答案的标号涂黑；非选择题用黑色签字笔在答题卡上作答；字体工整，笔迹清楚。 4. 考试结束后，请将试卷和答题卡一并上交。 5. 本卷主要考查内容：译林版选择性必修第一册U3~U4。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Who lets the secret out? A. Mary. B. Lucy. C. Paul. 2. What day is it today? A. Thursday. B. Friday. C. Saturday. 3. Why was the man absent last week? A. He was sick. B. He was at work. C. He was travelling. 4. How will the woman probably find the restaurant? A. By reading a map. B. By following the arrows. C. By ignoring the signs. 5. When will the lecture begin? A. At 7: 12. B. At 7: 20. C. At 9: 00. 第二节（共15 小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At school. B. At a shop. C. At home. 7. What will the man do next? A. Check his bike. B. Buy a pen. C. Review his notes. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What happened to the woman? A. She got hurt. B. She lost her snowboard. C. She was too tired to reach the mountain. 9. How will the speakers probably get home? A. On foot. B. By bus. C. By subway. 听第8段材料，回答第 10 至 12题。 10. What is the woman pleased to get rid of? A. Her house. B. Her housework. C. Her high school. 11. What does the man think of the woman? A. Understandable. B. Mature. C. Stupid. 12. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Family members. C. Fellow travellers. 听第9段材料，回答第13至 16题。 13. What does the woman want to do? A. Buy the house. B. Rent the house. C. Look at the house. 14. How many bedrooms does the house have? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. 15. Which aspect of the house is the man concerned about? A. The size. B. The price. C. The place. 16. What will the speakers do next? A. Speak in private. B. Accept the house. C. Check out the other houses. 听第 10段材料, 回答第 17 至 20题。 17. How long is the Green Line running late? A. 10 minutes. B. 15 minutes. C. 20 minutes. 18. Which track will the Yellow Line now leave from? A. Track 6. B. Track 7. C. Track 8. 19. What should passengers do if they are taking the Red Line? A. Get a new ticket. B. Wait for the next train. C. Go to a different track. 20. What happens to the trains on the White Line after 3: 45 today? A. They are canceled. B. They are delayed. C. They are on time. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15 小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A A Reminder Bracelet (手链) Description The “Within Good” product line was created as a way to encourage positive thoughts and good deeds. In one simple design concept, it is a wearable reminder to people of all backgrounds that “Within Good, There Is God”—a pure message that no matter what you are going through, you can always do good, and the spirit of love, known as God, is always within us and in the world. Within Good is not intended to be a religious bracelet. In fact, one of the reasons why the “God” reference appears on the inside of the bracelet is because it is personal to the wearer. The company co-founders say their concept was to go back to the basics of doing good for yourself and others: “At the end of the day, God symbolizes peace, love, connectedness, purpose, and any other word that makes you feel GOOD.” Over many months, the logo (标识) turned into a symbol represented by the double “o” in Good and interlocking with the G and D. “Within Good” is printed on the top of the bracelet and on the back is printed, “There Is God”. The rope symbolizes strength, and a strong connection between Good and God (always inside us). Why This Is a Good Gift: Looks Great: Casual yet classy styling, in a unisex (中性化的) design. Gift Packaging: Each bracelet arrives inside its own little drawstring bag, ready to give away without wrapping (包装). Discount: $29.99 $26 Click here to buy the amazing bracelet, and get 10% off Now. 1. What does “the rope” represent? A. Love. B. Peace. C. Purpose. D. Strength. 2. What can we learn about the bracelet? A. It’s only suitable for men. B. It’s a religious bracelet. C. It’s ready to be given away without wrapping. D. It’s printed with the words “Within Good” on its back. 3. Where can you find the text? A. On a website. B. On a noticeboard. C. In a textbook. D. In a newspaper. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是一款手链的宣传稿。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Description部分最后一段中的最后一句话“The rope symbolizes strength, and a strong connection between Good and God (always inside us). (绳子象征着力量，以及善良和上帝之间的牢固联系（永远在我们内心）)”可知，手链的绳子代表着力量。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Why This Is a Good Gift部分第二句“Gift Packaging: Each bracelet arrives inside its own little drawstring bag, ready to give away without wrapping. (礼品包装：每个手镯都装在自己的小抽绳袋里，无需包装即可赠送)”可知，购买这款手链无需再包装就可以送人了。故选C。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Click here to buy the amazing bracelet, and get 10% off Now. (点击此处购买令人惊叹手镯，立即享受九折优惠)”中的“Click”的提示可知，这篇文章来自网站。故选A。 B Born in Potsdam (in the Kingdom of Prussia) in 1821, Helmholtz was one of the 19th century’s most knowledgeable scientists, whose name turns up in the histories of multiple scientific fields and specialties. As a youngster, he had an interest in physics, but that seemed a financially unwise career choice. He went to medical school and studied physiology instead, because he was drawn to others who promoted the point that physiology should be based on the principles of chemistry and physics, not the vital forces that had been popularly emphasized previously. After earning his medical degree, Helmholtz served as an army surgeon before becoming professor of physiology at the University of Konigsberg. During that time, he composed a groundbreaking paper on the conservation of energy, which made him a good reputation in science community. His main argument is that all science can be reduced to mechanics. It is emphasized that Newtonian mechanics and Lagrangian mechanics are mathematically equivalent, so a force can be measured by the Laplace method in terms of the energy transferred by the force or the work done by the force. All of this energy is conserved. While at Konigsberg, he studied the nervous system, optics (光学) and acoustics (声学),especially with regard to the physiology of the senses. Then he moved on to the University of bonn as professor of anatomy (解剖学) and physiology. After some time at the University of Heidelberg, where he became interested in philosophy, in 1871 he was awarded the physics chair at the University of Berlin. At last he could focus on physics, emphasizing the importance of the principle of least action for explaining physical phenomena. He also explored the branches of Maxwell’s new theory. By this time, he was recognized as one of Germany’s premier scientists, until his death in 1894. 4. Why did Helmholtz choose to study physiology? A. He made the choice for economic difficulty. B. He would like to make himself have more skills. C. He preferred physiology to chemistry and physics. D. He was attracted by a different viewpoint. 5. What made Helmholtz popular among scientists? A. His degree in medical science. B. His talent in chemistry and physics. C. His paper on the conservation of energy. D. His achievements as an army surgeon. 6. What can be inferred about Helmholtz from the last paragraph? A. He was a famous philosopher. B. He proved Maxwell’s new theory. C. He was a physics professor at Konigsberg. D. He devoted his rest life to physical research. 7 Which words can best describe Helmholtz? A. All-round and determined. B. Energetic and cautious. C. Knowledgeable and brave. D. Humorous and courageous. 【答案】4. D 5. C 6. D 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Helmholtz作为一名多才多艺的科学家的生平事迹。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段的“He went to medical school and studied physiology instead, because he was drawn to others who promoted the point that physiology should be based on the principles of chemistry and physics, not the vital forces that had been popularly emphasized previously.(他上了医学院，转而学习生理学，因为他被其他人所吸引，这些人认为生理学应该基于化学和物理原理，而不是之前普遍强调的生命力量)”可知，Helmholtz选择生理学专业的原因是他被不同于以前的观点所吸引。故选D。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的“During that time, he composed a groundbreaking paper on the conservation of energy, which made him a good reputation in science community.(在此期间，他写了一篇关于能量守恒的开创性论文，使他在科学界享有盛誉)”可知，Helmholtz关于能量守恒的论文使他在科学界很受欢迎。故选C。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“After some time at the University of Heidelberg, where he became interested in philosophy, in 1871 he was awarded the physics chair at the University of Berlin. At last he could focus on physics, emphasizing the importance of the principle of least action for explaining physical phenomena.(在海德堡大学学习了一段时间后，他对哲学产生了兴趣，1871年，他被授予柏林大学物理学教授。最后，他可以专注于物理学，强调最小作用原理对于解释物理现象的重要性)”可推知，Helmholtz把他的余生献给了物理研究。故选D。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段的“After earning his medical degree, Helmholtz served as an army surgeon before becoming professor of physiology at the University of Konigsberg.(获得医学学位后，亥姆霍兹担任军医，后来成为哥尼斯堡大学生理学教授)”和最后一段的“After some time at the University of Heidelberg, where he became interested in philosophy, in 1871 he was awarded the physics chair at the University of Berlin.(在海德堡大学学习了一段时间后，他开始对哲学感兴趣，1871年，他被授予柏林大学物理学教授)”可知，Helmholtz是全能的，即all-round；根据第一段的“he was drawn to others who promoted the point that physiology should be based on the principles of chemistry and physics(他被那些主张生理学应该建立在化学和物理原理基础上的人所吸引)”，第二段的“he composed a groundbreaking paper on the conservation of energy(他写了一篇关于能量守恒的开创性论文)”和最后一段的“At last he could focus on physics, emphasizing the importance of the principle of least action for explaining physical phenomena.(最后，他可以专注于物理学，强调最小作用原理对解释物理现象的重要性)”可知，Helmholtz从对物理学感兴趣到余生一直研究物理学，可推出他是有决心的，即determined。故选A。 C Contrary to popular opinion, the scientific pursuit for knowledge is not a predictable and well- defined process. To make new discoveries, researchers need the freedom to be creative, fail, and learn by chance. There is the romantic idea of the scientist who has an Eureka moment (顿悟时刻) and suddenly arrives at new insights. Another impression is that research only involves formal steps. Neither of those ideas is correct. “Science and art are two different ways to make something comprehensible or imaginable,” says Biochemistry Professor Dolf Weijers. “From the outside, the research process looks very formal and the artistic process looks somewhat messy. But the scientific process can also unfold (展开) in an unpredictable way. Creative and associative thinking is very important for scientists to gain insight and make connections.” There is an intersection between science and art. This is why Wageningen scientists look to artists for inspiration and exchange ideas about how to amplify creative freedom. Weijers and his colleague Joris Sprakel, together with other scientists and artists, have designed a plan to learn from each other and to exchange ideas. One example is the recent and special project in which they measured the forces that act on plant cells. A molecular (分子) sensor was used to visualise the different forces. They revealed the results in colourful images, each representing a different force. What science and art also have in common is that they are topics of discussion in society. There are people who say that they do not value art and people who mistrust science. “ It often creates the wrong impression because only the results of scientific studies are presented, and people do not have any insight into the artistic process leading to discovery. As a scientist, you are criticised if you say that something is different a few years later. Then you are viewed as unreliable. But what is often poorly understood is that there are no final results in science, ” says Weijers. 8 What is the first paragraph mainly about? A. The purpose of science research. B. The views on science research. C. The attitude to science research. D. The hardship of science research. 9. What can we know from Weijers's view? A. The research process and the artistic process are totally different in science. B. The scientific process always unfolds in an unpredictable way. C. Scientists should have creative and associative thinking. D. The artistic process is too messy to be used in research. 10. What does the underlined word “amplify” mean in the third paragraph? A. Detect. B. Abandon. C. Imply. D. Increase. 11. Why does the author mention Weijers's research on plant cells? A. To display the beauty of colourful images. B. To show the connection between science and art. C. To present the findings of his recent project. D. To stress the importance of thinking freely. 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了艺术在科学研究中的作用，艺术与科学之间是有交叉的。 【8题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段的“Contrary to popular opinion, the scientific pursuit for knowledge is not a predictable and well-defined process. To make new discoveries, researchers need the freedom to be creative fail, and learn by chance. There is the romantic idea of the scientist who has an Eureka moment (顿悟时刻) and suddenly arrives at new insights. Another impression is that research only involves formal steps. Neither of those ideas is correct.(与流行的观点相反，对知识的科学追求不是一个可预测和明确定义的过程。为了有新的发现，研究人员需要创造性的自由，失败和学习的机会。有一个浪漫的想法，科学家有一个顿悟时刻，突然得到新的见解。另一个印象是，研究只涉及正式步骤。这些想法都不正确。)”可知，第一段主要是关于对科学研究的不同看法。故选B。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。由第二段Weijers的话“Science and art are two different ways to make something comprehensible or imaginable(科学和艺术是使事物变得可理解或可想象的两种不同方式)”和“But the scientific process can also unfold in an unpredictable way. Creative and associative thinking is very important for scientists to gain insight and make connections.(但科学过程也可能以一种不可预测的方式展开。创造性和联想思维对科学家获得洞察力和建立联系非常重要。）”可知，我们能从Weijers的观点中了解到科学家应该有创造性和联想思维。故选C。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段的“Creative and associative thinking is very important for scientists to gain insight and make connections.(创造性和联想思维对科学家获得洞察力和建立联系非常重要。)”和第三段的“There is an intersection between science and art. This is why Wageningen scientistslook to artists for inspiration and exchange ideas(科学和艺术之间存在交集。这就是为什么瓦赫宁根的科学家们向艺术家寻求灵感和交流想法的原因。)”可知，既然科学和艺术之间有交集，那么瓦赫宁根的科学家们就如何扩大创作自由交换意见，因此划线词amplify的意思是“扩大，增加”，和increase意思相近，故选D。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。作者是在第三段提到了Weijers对植物细胞的研究，提到之前，从作者在第三段前两句的“There is an intersection between science and art.This is why Wageningen scientists look to artists for inspiration and exchange ideas about how to amplify creative freedom.(科学和艺术之间有交集。这就是为什么瓦赫宁根的科学家们向艺术家寻求灵感并交流关于如何增加创造性自由的想法。)”可知，作者通过Weijers对植物细胞的事例说明艺术与科学之间的交叉融合，表明艺术与科学的联系。故选B。 D The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has to recall hundreds of foods every year. Like cookie snack packs with pieces of blue plastic hiding inside, dressing and sauce containing salmonella (沙门氏菌) or various jams containing with lead (铅). It can take a few months before a recall is issued. But now researchers have come up with a method that might fast-track that process, leading to early detection and, ultimately, faster recalls. The AI system relies on the fact that people increasingly buy foods and spices online. And people tend to write reviews of products they buy online, which are like bread crumbs (包屑) to food-safety officials sniffing (嗅) out dangerous products. The researchers linked FDA food recalls from 2012 to 2014 to amazon reviews of those same products. They then trained machine-learning algorithms (算法) to distinguish between reviews for recalled items and reviews for items that had not been flagged. And the trained algorithms were able to predict FDA recalls three quarters of the time. They also identified another 20, 000 reviews for possibly unsafe foods, most of which had never been recalled. The results are published in Journal of the American Medical In formatics Association. The World Health Organization estimates that 600 million people worldwide get sick annually from polluted food, and more than 400,000 people die from it. “Sohaving tools that enable us to detect this a lot faster and hopefully investigate and do recalls faster will be useful not just in the U. S. but in other countries around the world as well.” Study author Elaine Nsoesie of Boston University. She did add one warning even recalled products can still get five-star reviews. So stars alone don’t tell the whole sickening story. The proof unfortunately, may still be in the pudding. 12. What will help Fda recall unsafe foods faster than before? A. Efforts of food-safety officials B. Lots of online reviews of products C. New measures of food-safety officials. D. Online reviews of the polluted foods 13. How does the author introduce the process of the research? A. By describing facts. B. By giving examples C. By analyzing data. D. By making comparisons. 14. What’s elaine’s attitude towards five-star reviews? A. Tolerant B. Skeptical C. Ambiguous. D. approval 15. Which may be the most suitable title for the text? A. AI Sniffs out Unsafe Foods B. FDA Detects Unsafe foods C. AI Helps FDA Judge Reviews D. FDA Develops System of Judging Reviews 【答案】12. B 13. A 14. B 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究者开发了一种新的AI系统，通过网上对产品的评论快速地筛选出不安全食品。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“And people tend to write reviews of products they buy online, which are like bread crumbs (包屑) to food-safety officials sniffing (嗅) out dangerous products.(人们倾向于对他们在网上购买的产品进行评论，这对食品安全官员来说就像面包屑一样，可以嗅出危险的产品)”和第三段第一句“The researchers linked FDA food recalls from 2012 to 2014 to amazon reviews of those same products.(研究人员将2012年至2014年的FDA食品召回与亚马逊对这些相同产品的评论联系起来)”可知，大量的网上关于产品的评论有助于FDA比以前更快地召回不安全食品。故选B项。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The researchers linked FDA food recalls from 2012 to 2014 to amazon reviews of those same products. They then trained machine-learning algorithms (算法) to distinguish between reviews for recalled items and reviews for items that had not been flagged.(研究人员将2012年至2014年FDA食品召回与亚马逊对这些产品的评论联系起来。然后，他们训练机器学习算法，以区分召回项目的评论和未标记项目的评论)”和“They also identified another 20, 000 reviews for possibly unsafe foods, most of which had never been recalled.(他们还发现了另外2万份可能不安全食品的评论，其中大部分从未被召回)”可知，作者是通过描述事实来介绍研究过程的。故选A项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“She did add one warning even recalled products can still get five-star reviews. So stars alone don’t tell the whole sickening story. The proof unfortunately, may still be in the pudding.(她确实添加了一个警告，即使召回的产品仍然可以获得五星评论。因此，仅靠明星并不能说明整个令人作呕的故事。 不幸的是，证据可能还在布丁里)”可知，Elaine对五星评论持有怀疑的态度。故选B项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“It can take a few months before a recall is issued. But now researchers have come up with a method that might fast-track that process, leading to early detection and, ultimately, faster recalls. The AI system relies on the fact that people increasingly buy foods and spices online.(召回可能需要几个月的时间。但现在研究人员已经提出了一种方法，可以快速跟踪这一过程，从而早期发现并最终更快地召回。人工智能系统依赖于人们越来越多地在网上购买食品和香料的事实)”可知，此处讲述的是研究者的新发现，研究报告类的文章主题与研究的新发现相关，而A项中的“AI Sniffs out Unsafe Foods(人工智能嗅出不安全的食品)”与研究发现相关，符合题意。故选A项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分 12. 5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 There’s a reason why dogs are called man’s best friend. Dogs and cats make wonderful companions and provide many emotional and physical benefits. The most obvious benefits of pet ownership are love and companionship. We feel especially secure with dogs and cats because of the unconditional love they provide. ____16____ Taking care of a dog or a cat can provide a sense of purpose and a feeling of being accepted. ____17____ When you feel securely attached to this living being, there are biological brain effects that reduce stress response, so it may affect your breathing rate or blood pressure or anxiety level. It’s not always easy caring for pets, however. Sometimes having them in the home poses safety threats for older adults. If you have problems with walking and stability and your pet can get under your feet or jump up and knock you over, then falls and broken bones are a real danger. ____18____ Animals carry all kinds of bacteria that can be transferred to humans. Dogs and cats can also cause allergic (过敏的) reactions in some pet owners. Before getting a pet, consider if you’re physically and mentally able to care for it. ____19____ Do you have the energy and strength to feed it, play with it, and in the case of dogs, take it for daily walks? Do you have the financial means to pay for pet food and visits to the veterinarian (兽医)? If you feel you have the mental, physical, and financial means to care for a pet, take the pet’s size into consideration — not too big and not too small. And consider the animal’s personality. ____20____ A. Avoid dogs with a lot of separation anxiety. B. Whatever you do or say, your pet always loves you. C. Do your parents help look after your pet? D. There are also health risks associated with pet ownership. E. The emotional benefits can translate into physical ones as well. F. They’re cute, but pets aren’t always appropriate for older adults. G. Do you have the memory skills to remember to feed the animal? 【答案】16. B 17. E 18. D 19. G 20. A 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了狗为什么称作人类最好的朋友，以及养狗的带来的身体和情感上的好处。 【16题详解】 根据空前“We feel especially secure with dogs and cats because of the unconditional love they provide. (我们和猫狗在一起感到非常安全，是因为它们给我们的无条件的爱。)”可知，空前提到宠物给我们提供无条件的爱，故B项“无论你做什么，说什么，它们总是爱着你的。”符合，与空前的“unconditional love”相呼应，故选B项。 【17题详解】 根据空后“When you feel securely attached to this living being, there are biological brain effects that reduce stress response, so it may affect your breathing rate or blood pressure or anxiety level. (当你感到与这种生物有着安全的联系时，大脑的生物效应会减少压力反应，因此它可能会影响你的呼吸频率、血压或者焦虑水平。)”可知，空后提到养宠物减少压力，降低血压或者减少焦虑，故E项“情感好处也能转变为身体上的好处。”符合，引出后文养宠物带来的情感好处和身体好处，故选E项。 【18题详解】 根据空前“If you have problems with walking and stability and your pet can get under your feet or jump up and knock you over, then falls and broken bones are a real danger. (如果你行走和稳定性有问题，而你的宠物可能会钻到你的脚下或者跳起来把你撞倒，那么摔倒和骨折可能是一个真正的风险。)”可知，空前提到了宠物可能导致你摔伤或者骨折，再根据空后“Animals carry all kinds of bacteria that can be transferred to humans. (动物携带各种可以传染给人类的细菌。)”可知，空后又提到了宠物可能会传给人类细菌，故D项“饲养宠物也有着健康风险。”符合，引出后文宠物给人类带来细菌，故选D项。 【19题详解】 根据空前“Before getting a pet, consider if you’re physically and mentally able to care for it. (在养宠物之前，考虑一下你的身体和精神是否有能力照顾它。)”以及空后“Do you have the energy and strength to feed it, play with it, and in the case of dogs, take it for daily walks? Do you have the financial means to pay for pet food and visits to the veterinarian (兽医)? (你是否有精力和力量喂养它，和它玩耍？如果是狗，每天带它散步吗？你是否有经济能力来支付食物以及看兽医的费用？)”可知，空前提出了要考虑自己是否有精力来照顾宠物，空后分别提出了两个问题，故G项“你是否能记住要给它们喂食？”符合，用空后构成并列，提出三个问题，故选G项。 【20题详解】 根据空前“If you feel you have the mental, physical, and financial means to care for a pet, take the pet’s size into consideration—not too big and not too small. And consider the animal’s personality. (如果你觉得你有精神和财力去养宠物，那应该考虑一下宠物的大小——不要太大，也不能太小。并且要考虑动物的性格。)”可知，空前提到了养宠物时选择宠物的建议，故A项“避免喂养有分离焦虑的狗。”符合，继续提出相关建议，不要喂养有分离焦虑的狗，故选A项。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30 分） 第一节（共15 小题；每小题1分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 At age sixty-one, “Daddy” Bruce Randolph opened Daddy Bruce’s Barbecue Restaurant in the “Five Points” area, a poor section of Denver. He was a kind and ____21____ man, who helped numerous people — not just his customers, but the poor and the ____22____. Every Thanksgiving, Bruce and his son would ____23____ engage themselves in cooking for the thousands of homeless. He wanted them to have a great and free ____24____ on this special day. About a week before, Bruce began ____25____ all the food. In the early years of his project, he paid for everything out-of-pocket. But as time went by, the ____26____ skyrocketed as the crowds grew. That’s when Bruce’s ____27____ stepped in to help. They ____28____ tons of turkeys, potatoes, yams and ribs. And they donated their time to stand behind and beside the old man. They ____29____ to cook and serve. It was a rare moment to ____30____ a gentleman serving food to a man who lived in a cardboard box underneath a viaduct (高架桥). Due to the participation of various people, it seems there was an endless ____31____ of food to feed those homeless people. No one ever walked away ____32____ from Bruce’s restaurant. It was Bruce who ____33____ the whole thing and supervised it until a few years ago when he edged towards ninety. He had become too old to ____34____ anymore. He was one of the few people who lived to see a city street named in his ____35____. Mayor Federico Pena renamed East 34th Avenue “Bruce Randolph Boulevard”. 21. A. curious B. honest C. generous D. active 22. A. disabled B. homeless C. injured D. old 23. A. confidently B. gradually C. completely D. successfully 24. A. check B. dinner C. journey D. ride 25. A. preparing B. transporting C. collecting D. handling 26. A. prices B. profits C. resources D. costs 27. A. relatives B. admirers C. customers D. classmates 28. A. ate B. donated C. produced D. sold 29. A. promised B. demanded C. attempted D. volunteered 30. A. forbid B. see C. stop D. catch 31. A. supply B. charity C. creation D. discovery 32. A. thirsty B. hungry C. tired D. hopeless 33. A. started B. raced C. discovered D. won 34. A. stay B. live C. blame D. work 35. A. honour B. view C. life D. favour 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. B 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍布鲁斯·伦道夫在贫民区开了一家烧烤店帮助了很多穷人和无家可归的人，并且开启了每年感恩节为无家可归的人免费提供晚餐的计划的故事。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他是一个善良而慷慨的人，他帮助了很多人——不仅是他的顾客，还有穷人和无家可归的人。A. curious好奇的；B. honest诚实的；C. generous慷慨的；D. active积极的。根据下文“who helped numerous people-not just his customers, but the poor and the ____2____.”可知，他帮助很多人。由此推知，他是一个善良而慷慨的人。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. disabled残疾的；B. homeless无家可归的；C. injured受伤的；D. old年老的。根据上文的“the poor”可知，此处是穷人和无家可归的人。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：每年感恩节，布鲁斯和他的儿子都会全身心地为成千上万无家可归的人做饭。A. confidently自信地；B. gradually逐渐地；C. completely完全地；D. successfully成功地。根据下文“engage themselves in cooking for the thousands of homeless”可知，给成千上万人在感恩节做饭，应该是全身心地投入，故选C。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他想让他们在这个特别的日子里吃一顿丰盛的免费晚餐。A. check支票；B. dinner晚餐；C. journey旅行；D. ride车程。根据上文“engage themselves in cooking for the thousands of homeless”可知，此处是在感恩节做饭，所以是晚餐。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：大约一个星期前，布鲁斯开始准备所有的食物。A. preparing准备；B. transporting运输；C. collecting收集；D. handling处理。根据上文“Every Thanksgiving, Bruce and his son would ____3____ engage themselves in cooking for the thousands of homeless.”可知，此处是给成千上万的人做饭，应该需要提前准备食物。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但随着时间的推移，随着人群的增加，费用也在飙升。 A. prices价格；B. profits利润；C. resources资源；D. costs费用。根据上文“as the crowds grew”可知，人越来越多，所以费用也在飙升。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，布鲁斯的崇拜者们伸出了援手。A. relatives亲戚；B. admirers爱慕者；C. customers顾客；D. classmates同学。根据后文“tons of turkeys, potatoes, yams and ribs. And they donated their time to stand behind and beside the old man.”可知，布鲁斯的崇拜者们伸出了援手，捐赠了很多东西。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们捐赠了成吨的火鸡、土豆、山药和排骨。A. ate吃；B. donated捐赠；C. produced生产；D. sold出售。根据上文“That’s when Bruce’s admirers stepped in to help.”可知，布鲁斯的崇拜者们伸出了援手，所以应该是捐赠了很多吃的。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们自愿做饭和服务。A. promised允诺；B. demanded要求；C. attempted尝试；D. volunteered自愿做。根据上文“And they donated their time to stand behind and beside the old man.”可知，他们奉献自己的时间，所以应该是自愿帮忙。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一个难得的时刻，看到一个绅士为一个住在高架桥下的纸箱里的人提供食物。A. forbid禁止；B. see看见；C. stop停止；D. catch抓住。根据下文“a gentleman serving food to a man who lived in a cardboard box underneath a viaduct (高架桥).”可知，此处是看见的一个场景。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于各种各样的人的参与，似乎有无尽的食物供应给那些无家可归的人。A. supply供应；B. charity慈善事业；C. creation创造；D. discovery发现。根据上文“Due to the participation of various people”可知，有各种各样的人参与这个计划，捐赠的东西就越多，所以就有无尽的食物供应给那些无家可归的人，故选A。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从来没有人饿着肚子离开布鲁斯的餐厅。A. thirsty口渴的；B. hungry饥饿的；C. tired累的；D. hopeless没有希望的。根据上文“Due to the participation of various people, it seems there was an endless ____11____ of food to feed those homeless people.”可知，越来越多的人参与这件事，也就有无尽的食物供应，所以应该是没有人饿着肚子离开布鲁斯的餐厅。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：是布鲁斯开始了这一切，并一直监督着它，直到几年前他快90岁的时候。A. started开始；B. raced参加比赛；C. discovered发现；D. won赢得。根据前文可知，此处是布鲁斯开始的每年感恩节给无家可归的人做饭这个计划，后来有越来越多的人参与。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他已经老得不能再工作了。A. stay停留；B. live活着；C. blame责怪；D. work工作。根据上文“He had become too old”可知，他岁数太大了，不能再工作了。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他是少数几个活着看到以他的名字命名的城市街道的人之一。A. honour纪念；B. view景色；C. life生活；D. favour赞同。根据下文“Mayor Federico Pena renamed East 35th Avenue “Bruce Randolph Boulevard”.”可知，此处是以他的名字命名城市街道，短语in one’s honour表示“为了纪念某人或表示敬意而做的事情或活动”。故选A。 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The pipa is a four-stringed Chinese musical instrument, ____36____ (belong) to the plucked (拨弦的) category of instruments. Sometimes called the Chinese lute, the instrument has ____37____ unique pear-shaped wooden body with a varying number of frets (琴格) ranging from 12 to 26. The pipa is one of the most popular Chinese instruments and ____38____ (play) for almost two thousand years in China. In China, plenty of music and stories are associated ____39____ this instrument. The most popular one is about a beauty ____40____ (call) Wang Zhaojun. It is said that Wang Zhaojun began a journey northward ____41____ (marry) a nomad (游牧民族) ruler. She left her hometown on horseback on a bright autumn morning and along the way, the horse neighed (嘶鸣) making Zhaojun ____42____ (extreme) sad and unable to control her emotions. As she sat on the saddle, she began to play sorrowful melodies on a stringed instrument. A group of ____43____ (bird) flying southward heard the music, saw the beautiful young woman riding the horse, immediately forgot to flap their wings, ____44____ fell to the ground. From then on, Zhaojun acquired the nickname “drop birds” or “luoyan”. Later, the melody, ____45____ was played on the saddle, was regarded as Zhaojun’s Lament (《昭君怨》) and the stringed instrument was commonly described as a pipa. 【答案】36. belonging 37. a 38. has been played 39. with 40. called 41. to marry 42. extremely 43. birds 44. and 45. which 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种中国乐器一琵琶以及与之相关王昭君的故事。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：琵琶是中国的一种四弦乐器，属于弹拨类乐器。本句逗号前面是完整的主句，且无连词，因此，后半句为现在分词作状语。故填belonging。 【37题详解】 考查冠词。句意：这种乐器有时被称为中国琵琶，它有一个独特的梨形木制琴身，琴身上有12到26个不同的音。此处表示泛指，要用不定冠词。unique以辅音音素开头的单词，故用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 【38题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：琵琶是最受欢迎的中国乐器之一，在中国已经演奏了近两千年。根据时间状语“for almost two thousand years(差不多两千年了)”可知，用现在完成时，此外，主语The Pipa与动词play之间为被动关系，因此用现在完成时的被动语态。故填has been played。 【39题详解】 考查介词。句意：在中国，很多音乐和故事都与这种乐器有关。be associated with意“与……有关”，为固定搭配。故填with。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：最流行的一个是关于一个叫王昭君的美女。设空处应用过去分词作后置定语，修饰a beauty。故填called。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：据说，王昭君开始北上，娶了一个游牧统治者。设空处应为不定式作目的状语，指“为了和一位游牧民族统治者结婚”。故填to marry。 【42题详解】 考查副词。句意：在一个秋高气爽的早晨，她骑着马离开了家乡。一路上，马鸣声使昭君悲痛欲绝，无法控制自己的情绪。设空处应为副词修饰形容词sad。故填extremely。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：一群向南飞的鸟听到了音乐，看到了骑在马上的美丽的年轻女子，立即忘记了拍打翅膀，落在了地上。a group of意为“一群”，故用可数名词的复数，bird的复数形式为birds。故填birds。 【44题详解】 考查连词。句意见上题解析。此句话中四个并列动词heard、saw、forgot和fell连用，因此用并列连词and连接。故填and。 【45题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：后来，在马鞍上演奏的旋律被认为是昭君的挽歌，弦乐器通常被描述为琵琶。设空处引导非限制性的定语从句且在句中作指物的主语，先行词为the melody，因此用关系代词which。故填which。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分 15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你与英国外教Helen约定于本周六一起去写生(sketch)，但因故不能赴约。请给她写一封邮件，内容包括： 1.表达歉意; 2.解释原因; 3.另约时间。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Helen, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Helen, I am awfully sorry to inform you that I can’t go out sketching with you in the national park this Saturday. As you know, my mother is in a state of poor health. Last night, she suffered a serious heart attack and was sent to hospital. My father is on business abroad and can’t make it back to Beijing for her. I have no choice but to give up our appointment to attend her. How about going there next Saturday or Sunday? How I wish you would accept my apology. I am looking forward to meeting you soon. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外教写一封信，对于周六不能一起写生表示道歉。 【详解】1.词汇积累 严重的：severe→serious 选择：choice→option 照顾：attend→care for 约会：appointment →date 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Last night, she suffered a serious heart attack and was sent to hospital. 拓展句：Last night, she suffered a serious heart attack and was sent to hospital, which worried me a lot. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I am awfully sorry to inform you that I can’t go out sketching with you in the national park this Saturday.（运用了that引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】As you know, my mother is in a state of poor health.（运用了as引导的非限定性定语从句） 第二节（满分 25分） 47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。 When I was in middle school, my family moved to Seattle, where my parents started their new business — a small grocery store downstairs my house. As a girl of shy and reserved nature, I had to take a fresh start to fit into the sophisticated city life. One sunny day, my school announced an exciting event, a talent show for the local food bank. Students were encouraged to showcase their unique talents in front of the public in the city hall on National Day. A buzz of excitement fed the school as everyone began preparing for the big day. Deep down, I felt a spark of curiosity and a desire to participate. However, my self-doubt held me back, “I don’t have any special skills to share.” Days turned into weeks, and the talent show drew closer. I couldn’t shake the upsetting feeling until one day, Emma, one of the most popular girls in my class, came to me while I was helping in the grocery store after class. “How about singing together in the talent show?” She grinned, “I heard you singing a tune, along the way back home. I can’t help following you here.” Gosh, I couldn’t believe my ears. Emma, with personality and popularity, acknowledged my little talent. Since Emma had the world’s prettiest voice, I felt like being favoured by fortune. “You two? The talent show for the food bank?” My mum bent towards us and her face lit up. “A big occasion.” Then a light bulb seemed to go in her head. “Why not practise right now upstairs? I bet you’ll be a perfect match.” Winking at us, she seemed to know we were thinking alike. Emma and I embarked on rehearsing almost every single day after school. We brainstormed, exchanged ideas and rehearsed the scene. As the days rolled by, I was feeling pretty good about our act. But the day before the performance, Emma called that she had an acute stomachache and was not in any shape to perform. 注意： 1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: I was completely knocked out by the news. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Finally came the big moment. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】I was completely knocked out by the news. What should I do? Having prepared for such a long time, I didn’t think of that coming up. Feeling at a loss, I was brainstorming as hard as I could to think of a solution, when a gentle touch on my back brought me back to reality. It was my mum, who looked at me with care and concern. “You have prepared for it enough. You can do it by yourself.” She said after my stumbled explanation. I looked back at her eyes, and a sense of confidence and warmness swelled up in my heart. Yes, I could do it myself. Finally came the big moment. Looking around the audience, I stepped onto the stage, with butterflies in my stomach. My voice trembled at first, but with the melodies flew around, the nervousness was gone with the wind. Emotions filled in my song, I performed as naturally as I spoke every day. I saw my mum, who was looking at me with reassurance and care. It turned out to be a good performance, which helped me conquer my fears and turned me into a new person. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇读后续写。文章讲述了作者自小性格内向，不爱交际。偶然一次机会，学校组织学生参加才艺表演，同学Emma盛情邀请作者一同参加，这使得作者备受鼓舞。然而在演出前夕，Emma却因急性胃疼不能上台，面对紧急情况，作者只能自己独立完成表演。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①根据第一段首句“我被这个消息所震惊了。”可知，作者在收到Emma不能参演的消息时一时手足无措，再根据第四段妈妈的表现可知，此时妈妈一定会及时出现，安慰作者并给作者勇气，让作者能独立完成表演。 ②根据第二段首句“重大时刻终于到来了。”可知，作者坚持独立上台表演了。可想而知作者刚登上舞台还是会紧张，但是作者天生有副好嗓子，随着表演深入，这种紧张感会消失，并且精彩的完成表演。 2. 续写线索：手足无措——妈妈安慰并打气——决定独立上台——克服紧张，表演完成——升华 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ① 表演：perform/make a performance/show one’s talents ② 做准备：prepare for/make preparations for ③ 参加：participate in/join in/take part in/be involved in ④ 笑：grin/smile/laugh/giggle/chuckle 情绪类 ① 害羞内向的：shy/reserved/introverted ② 好奇的：curious/be full of curiosity ③ 开心的：delighted/overjoyed/content ④ 担忧的：concerned/worried/butterflies in one’s stomach 【点睛】[高分句型1] Having prepared for such a long time, I didn’t think of that coming up.（运用了现在分词作时间状语） [高分句型2] Emotions filled in my song, I performed as naturally as I spoke every day.（运用了独立主格结构） [高分句型3] I saw my mum, who was looking at me with reassurance and care.（运用了who引导的定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$