专题03 七选五15篇（名校期中真题）-2024-2025学年高二英语上学期期中复习查缺补漏冲刺满分（人教版2019）

期中复习之七选五15篇 (名校期中真题) （23-24高二上·湖北·期中）Apologizing is how we live in peace with others, yet few of us know how to do it well — and not defensively. Just as often, apologies don’t happen at all out of fear that they’ll be uncomfortable or ineffective. 1 They help solidify(使变稳固) relationships and mend trust, both of which can lower stress and improve mental health. If you’re ready for your fault, here are four key s to apologizing well. 1. 2 Apologies are better late than early, says Cindy Hantz, a social psychologist who has researched how timing influences apology effectiveness. “What we found is that people usually tend to offer an apology as soon as possible,” she says. “It’s an effort to shut the whole incident down. You can’t deliver an effective apology until the injured person believes that you fully understand what you did wrong. If the apology comes before that, it’s not going to be seen as sincere.” 2. Accept responsibility. Why should you apologize if you’re both at fault? 2 “But I like to encourage people to really focus on taking responsibility for the parts of the conflict that they’re responsible for.” Schumann says. Calling attention to the fact that we’re also hurt is normal, but save it for later on in the conversation. 3. Be clear about how you plan to repair things. One of the core elements of an apology is making reparations. That will be possible in a direct way: You broke their favorite wineglass? Buy them a new one. Spilled coffee on their new dress? Pay for the dry cleaning. 3 It’s important for the other person to hear that this is not going to continue... and they can trust you to improve your behavior in the future. 4. Don’t expect forgiveness. An apology is a starting point. Particularly with severe faults, the person wronged will often need time and space to heal. Schumann suggests saying like this: “I understand this isn’t going to fix everything, and I want to continue to do whatever I can to make up for my mistake. I hope that even if you’re not ready to forgive me, 4 ” A．Don’t rush into it. B．Start with specific words. C．it’s important not to pressure them. D．That’s exactly the problem many people struggle with. E．you’re open to working with me to get us to a point where we can move forward. F．Sometimes you can’t repair what’s happened, but you can think about the relationship moving forward. G．But sincere apologies bring a host of benefits to the person delivering the message and the one receiving it. （23-24高二上·广东潮州·期中）The Guide to Keeping Your Dorm（宿舍）Room Clean In most cases, students don’t like or have time to clean their dorm rooms. 1 As a result, everybody’s business is nobody’s business. Read through this guide to keeping your dorm room clean. Have a cleaning routine. With a cleaning routine in place, you will always tidy up your room at a particular time often. If you can, sweep up your room every day in the morning. You can also do it every other day. 2 In addition, you can take turns cleaning if you have a roommate. 3 The quickest way of making a dorm room dirty and unorganized is to throw clothes everywhere. Never throw dirty clothes on the bed or the floor. They will quickly fill your room up. Rather, you should keep your dirty clothes in a basket and clean ones in your closet. Have a study plan. Being a student does not mean living without a plan. 4 It also makes your social and personal life easier. As a result, you are better able to clean your room if your life is organized. Avoid eating in your room. Food can easily cause a mess in a room. No matter how careful you are, you will drop a few parts of food in your room if you eat in it. Therefore, the best way of keeping your room clean is to avoid eating in it. 5 A．Keep your shoes by the door. B．Avoid placing clothes everywhere. C．What’s worse, waste can quickly spread all over your room. D．But do not go more than two days without cleaning your room. E．Besides, many students share a room with at least one other student. F．Similarly, do not allow your friends and classmates to eat in your room. G．Therefore, having a study plan helps you stay in control of your study life. （22-23高二上·河南郑州·期中）A few years ago, I felt like I was stuck in confusion. So I decide to follow in the footsteps of the great American “philosopher”, Morgan Spurlock, and try something new for 30 days. The idea is actually pretty simple. Think about something you’ve always wanted to add to your life and try it for the next 30 days. It turns out, 1 —like watching the news. There are a few things I learned while doing these 30-day challenges. The first was as I started to do more and harder 30-day challenges, 2 . I went from a desk-dwelling computer nerd (书呆子) to the kind of guy who bikes to work. Even last year, I ended up hiking up Mount Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. I would never have been that adventurous before I started my 30-day challenges. 3 . Have you ever wanted to write a novel? Every November, tens of thousands of people try to write their own 50,000-word novel. It turns out that all you have to do is to write 1,667 words a day for a month. So I did. I learned that when I made small, sustainable changes, they were easier to stick. There’s nothing wrong with big, crazy challenges. 4 . But they are more difficult to stick. So what are you waiting for? 5 , so why not think about something you have always wanted to try and give it a shot for the next 30 days? A．I also figured out that if you really want something badly enough, you can do anything for 30 days B．In fact, they’re a ton of fun C．In fact, I think they’re not practical D．I renewed myself while sticking to the challenge E．I wanted to do something for the first time in my life F．The next 30 days is going to pass whether you like it or not G．30 days is just about the right amount of time to add a new habit or get rid of a habit （23-24高二上·河北石家庄·期中）What do you do when you receive an invitation to an event that you do not want to attend or that you cannot attend due to your busy schedule? In that case, we simply can’t act on everything our heart feels. 1 Here are some right ways to decline (拒绝) an invitation without hurting others’ feelings. Respond in a timely manner. 2 It’s OK to put off responding if you’re unsure at first, but give yourself a deadline to figure it out — and stick to it. Always respond to invitations in a timely manner. 3 . It’s OK to say you’re sorry that you can’t make an event, but it’s better to redefine it as a positive. Rather than apologizing, say how happy you are that they invited you and that while you can’t make it this time, you look forward to getting together with them in the future. Don’t say “maybe”. Procrastinating (拖延) by saying “maybe” usually means it’s a no. 4 Saying “maybe” is a way of making yourself feel better, but it leaves the other person hanging, which is unkind. Don’t try to control the other person’s feelings. There’s the assumption that we can decline without hurting anyone else’s feelings, but we can’t ensure the other person’s experience. They may feel sad or disappointed when you decline, but that’s OK. 5 A．Focus on the positive. B．Be honest but not too honest. C．Don’t leave the hoot hanging. D．It’s fine to decline via digital means. E．Most people will understand that life just gets busy. F．If that’s really what you mean, just go ahead and say no. G．Instead, we should learn how to politely say “no” to an invitation. （22-23高二上·河南·期中）Just like our bodies, our minds also become weak over time. 1 But thanks to the work of researchers, we are learning how exercise can push back against time and keep the brain young. It improves cognitive (认知的) performance. A study published in the journal Neurology Clinical Practice examined nearly 100 individual studies on exercise and brain function and discovered that exercising an average of 52 hours over six months is associated with improved cognitive performance in older adults. The type of exercises are beneficial. 2 It can make you happier. The human body is meant to move. But listening to that urge to move has many benefits - including making you happier and even keep depression and other mental health issues at bay. 3 It suggested exercise can significantly improve mood over time. 4 Researchers from Japan’s University of Tsukuba wanted to explore this idea further by looking at the effect of exercise on the weakening of the brain. They found that the fitter a participant was, the less brain activity he used to complete the tasks when compared with his out-of-shape peers. It can expand your capacity for joy. 5 She explains the importance of dopamine (多巴胺) receptors, which we lose as we age. After eight weeks of walking, jogging and strength training, these adults showed an increase of dopamine receptors. A．It allows you to use less brain power for the same task. B．It makes you feel the progress of your brain power. C．But remember not to choose some energetic exercises. D．And these exercises include strength-training and mind-body exercises. E．We lose the ability to process new information or to switch quickly between mental tasks. F．A research has begun to expose long-overlooked links between physical activity and mental health. G．Kelly McGonigal is a health expert who explains how exercise makes the brain more sensitive to joy. （23-24高二上·浙江杭州·期中）If you’re a perfectionist, that might mean you can be pretty hard on yourself. A mistake at work, for example, could result in some pretty negative self-talk or actions, like depriving yourself of a snack later that day. 1 But self-punishment doesn’t encourage growth, says Katherine, a psychotherapist and author of “The Perfectionist’s Guide to Losing Control.” 2 “When you punish someone, that person doesn’t learn how to change; they learn how to avoid the source of the punishment.” 3 This might look like overworking, overspending, or numbing yourself with excessive consumption of social media or TV shows. None of this actually helps you grow, though. Instead of punishing yourself for making a mistake, it is more effective to practice self-compassion(自我同情). Katherine suggests the broaden-and-build theory, a positive psychology theory that was developed by social psychologist Barbara in 1998. Broaden-and-build theory suggests that when you’re in a positive headspace you feel more able to face different challenges and make choices based on the possibility of positive outcomes. When you’re in a negative headspace your view narrows and you aren’t inspired or encouraged to think differently. 4 Research demonstrates self compassion’s positive association with a greater sense of self-worth, more realistic self-evaluations of strengths and weaknesses, lower levels of depression and anxiety. 5 Choosing self-compassion instead of self-punishment means you are more likely to learn from your mistakes and grow as a person. A．In other words, you’re punishing yourself. B．“Punishment doesn’t work.” she writes in her book. C．To put yourself in a positive headspace, you need to practice self-compassion. D．If you are the source of your own punishment then you learn to avoid yourself. E．Punishment can be mistaken for a handful of things like discipline, personal responsibility. F．It is also related with increased motivation to learn from past mistakes, and the list goes on. G．Instead of being scared to act natural consequence might encourage you to act in a way leading to a positive result. （23-24高二上·浙江杭州·期中）Reading a pup’s body language requires experience and expert guidance. Zazie Todd, a dog trainer and founder of the blog Companion Animal Psychology, weighs in on how to decode dogs’ behaviour. 1. If your dog looks remorseful (羞愧的) when you walk in the door and see a mess… They’re expecting punishment but don’t necessarily know that what they’ve done is wrong. Alexandra Horowitz, a professor at Barnard College in New York City whose research focuses on canine (犬科) cognition, put that ”guilty” look to the test in 2009. 1 Subsequent research out of the University of Cambridge found no evidence that dogs can even feel guilty. 2. If your dog licks their mouth… They’re stressed Recently, two European studies have highlighted the meaning of this licking. 2 The other determined that dogs lick their mouths—and also look away—in response to a mild threat. If you spot this sign, try reducing your dog’s stress levels. 3 3. If you’re at the vet and your dog’s tail is down… They’re anxious. Obvious signs of an unhappy dog include hiding or trying to leave the exam room, but commonly missed triggers range from a tucked tail and lowered ears to trembling. 4 Many vets now use food to make the experience more fun. 4. If your dog leans into you during a petting session… They like it! If you’re unsure that a dog is enjoying being petted, stop, then gauge their reaction. This is called a consent test. If they choose to wander off, the session is over. 5 Preferred spots on their bodies are to either side of the chest and under the chin. A．You could also discuss medication with your vet. B．It could be as simple as giving them more physical space. C．However, if they lean on you or paw at you to get more cuddles, continue! D．If your dog gets stressed at appointments, ask what can be done. E．Other signs of discomfort include sniffing the floor, looking away and panting. F．One found that it was a canine response to seeing an angry or aggressive human face on a computer screen G．In the end, it wasn’t linked to whether the dog had transgressed but rather to being scolded by the owner. （23-24高二上·浙江杭州·期中）As is known, Albert Einstein was one of the greatest scientists of all time. He was also a really great person. Einstein learned from making mistakes 1 He said he needed a desk, some paper and pencil. He also needed a basket to hold his mistakes. This shows that he knew even the cleverest man in the world can only learn by making mistakes. 2 Many children wrote letters to ask him for help with their homework. One day, he wrote a letter to a young girl to tell her not to worry about her Maths homework because he thought Maths was difficult too. Einstein considered time to be important He never wore socks because he thought putting on socks was waste of time as people already wore shoes. He also thought remembering things found in books was not worth it. 3 He knew what was worth remembering. It is true that if we are going to do great things in our lives, we cannot waste time. Einstein liked to joke too In one exam, a student asked him why all the questions were the same as last year’s. Einstein replied the questions were the same, but the answers were different. 4 When Einstein was a child, his teachers used to say he was not clever. However, Einstein kept working hard and surprised the world with his achievements. 5 So, never be discouraged! A．Einstein was also very modest. B．What a humorous person he is! C．Einstein was also strict with his students. D．Give students a chance to correct their mistakes. E．That’s why he never remembered his own phone number. F．If we ever feel like giving up when we have problems, we should think of him. G．When Einstein started to work in America, someone asked him what he needed. （22-23高二上·全国·期中）When people are stressed, anxious or depressed, they are unlikely to make healthy lifestyle choices. They may be more likely to smoke more, not be physically active, drink too much alcohol and sleep too little or too much. 1 If you’re struggling with depression, stress or anxiety, taking the following key steps can help. To begin with, identify the cause of your depression, stress or anxiety and address it. 2 However, if it goes on for two weeks or more, you may need to seek professional help. Depression is a problem when it causes feelings of sadness and/or a loss of interest in activities you once enjoyed. It can lead to various emotional and physical problems. 3 If you aren’t in the habit of exercising, start gradually. Something as simple as taking a walk, 30 minutes a day, can help your heart. Physical activity improves your mood while you’re doing it. Regular physical activity can also improve your mental well-being, lower the risk of depression and improve your life quality. Thirdly, make healthy lifestyle changes one at a time. 4 That’s especially true if one of the habits you want to break is smoking. Quitting smoking can be difficult. If you smoke, talk with your health care professional to determine if you need help. Ultimately, you have to take care of yourself to break the cycle of feeling down. 5 Or it could be doing something structured, such as yoga or tai chi. A．Don’t try to fix everything at once. B．At times you may feel down for a couple of days. C．Meanwhile, choose healthy habits and don’t rush it. D．It is important to stay heart healthy, even when you’re down. E．Over time, these unhealthy behaviors can increase the risk for heart disease. F．That could be something you can do anywhere, such as listening to music or reading a book. G．Depression and anxiety can also lead to heart diseases, including heart failure, stroke and heart attack. （23-24高二上·河北石家庄·期中）How to make friends at a new school Starting with a new school can be difficult. Everything seems to be different, and you don’t even know where to go for your own classes. 1 However, if you use these skills, you can quickly turn some of those strangers into friends. Be yourself. 2 If some people don’t accept you, they’re not the kind of friends you need. People often stay together because they have similar interests. For example, someone who does a lot of sport may make friends with those who also run or swim a lot. 3 Remember to be nice to the people you meet at your new school. If you think that you will say something that may make them feel sad, do not say anything and just nod your head if they talk to you. Also, remember to be as helpful as possible! Believe in yourself. A smile goes a long way. When you walk in the halls, don’t keep your eyes on the floor. Raise your head and make eye contact (目光接触) with other people. 4 Introduce yourself. Tell them your name and where you’re from. Remember people’s names. You like it when people use your name, and so do other people. 5 Besides, ask them in a kind way if they have a nickname (昵称). You’d be surprised how often this might come in handy. A．People may become angry if you just begin by saying “Hey” each time. B．Be friendly to others. C．Join afterschool activities you like. D．Making new friends can be hard, too. E．Don’t sit at the back of the classroom where other people don’t notice you! F．If you see someone you know, smile or say “Hi”. G．Never change who you are to try and fit in. （23-24高二上·浙江杭州·期中）As an English learner, we sometimes get questions like this: “How can I speak English with more confidence?” That is a great question. 1 Today, we have several pieces of advice to help you. Every day, the most important person you talk to is yourself. That’s to say, your own thoughts matter. If you lack confidence as an English speaker, you may say things like, “English is too hard” “I’m so sorry for my English.” What’s worse, you are sure to start believing them. 2 To sound more confident, speak slowly enough so that people can easily hear you. Many English learners worry that speaking too slow will make them sound inexperienced. 3 So avoid worrying that you are speaking too slow for the people around you. 4 If you are not confident, you may try to say as little as possible. For example, if asked what people’s favorite color is, an English learner may give a short, direct response like, “blue”, while a native English speaker is likely to say, “Well, to be quite honest, I don’t really have an actual color, but I guess I may go for something like blue or grey.” Read out loud. Reading out loud can help build confidence in how your English sounds. So next time you are reading a website, book or something else that you enjoy, take a few minutes to read the material aloud. Before reading aloud, read the story silently first. The second time, if there is audio, you can listen to the speakers as you read alone silently. 5 Then, try listening to the speaker and reading out loud at the same time. A．But you are more likely to make mistakes if speaking too fast. B．Then, speak loudly enough that anyone in the same room can easily hear you. C．So replace unhelpful thoughts with better ones when speaking. D．Using long sentences shows that you speak English confidently. E．Then, try to read the story out alone. F．Speak in complete sentences and give longer responses when possible. G．Whatever language we are learning, we would all love to speak confidently. （22-23高二上·湖北恩施·期中）Traveling is an enriching experience that offers numerous benefits, especially for high school students. Exploring new places and immersing oneself in different cultures can broaden horizons, foster personal growth, and provide valuable education al opportunities 1 , traveling has the power to shape young minds and leave lasting impressions. First and foremost, traveling exposes students to new cultures and perspectives 2 By encountering different languages, traditions, and customs, students develop tolerance, empathy, and appreciation for diversity. They learn to respect and embrace differences, which is a crucial skill in today’s interconnected global society. Furthermore, travel provides unique education al opportunities that cannot be copied in a classroom setting. 3 Science becomes concrete when observing wildlife in its natural habitat or engaging in ecological projects Art and literature gain new perspectives when exposed to different artistic styles and literary traditions. Students can become active learners, connecting what they have studied with real-life experiences. 4 It encourages students to step outside their comfort zones and face challenges independently. They learn to navigate unfamiliar environments, make decisions, and take responsibility for their actions. These experiences foster independence, self-confidence, and adaptability, qualities that will serve them well throughout their lives. In conclusion, traveling offers high school students immense benefits. It broadens their perspectives, provides educational opportunities, promotes personal growth, and create s lasting memories and friendships. It is an investment in their future, shaping them into-well-rounded individuals who are open-minded, culturally aware, and adaptable to different situations 5 . A．Even though my travel seems really short B．Traveling also promotes personal growth and self-discovery C．Moreover, traveling creates lasting memories and lifelong friendships D．Whether it’s a short weekend getaway or a long international adventure E．History comes alive when visiting ancient ruins or exploring significant landmarks F．So, pack your bags, set off on a journey, and let the world become your classroom G．It allows them to step out of their comfort zones and gain a deeper understanding of the world around them （23-24高二上·北京·期中）There’s nothing like family. The people we’re related to by blood and marriage are expected to be our greatest sources of love and support. Too often, however, our interactions with family are filled with misunderstanding and resentment. Those we should know and be known by best, end up feeling like adversaries or strangers. Family is where our first and strongest emotional memories are made, and that’s where they keep appearing. And this is why emotional intelligence(EQ)succeeds where other efforts at family harmony fail. 1 The suggestions offered below are transformed from familiar reasonable advice, to highly effective methods for bringing your family ever closer. Look to yourself first. A family is a system made up of interdependent individuals, but that doesn’t mean you can blame your family of origin for the way you are today 2 When you act on the belief that you have a right and obligation to assert your own emotional needs, your family will notice that your emotional independence benefits not only you, but the whole family, and they may quickly follow your lead. Recognize that being close doesn’t mean being clones. Sometimes family ties blind us to the uniqueness of those we love. Pride in the family continuum can make it easy to forget that. You can’t be expected to have the same talents as your siblings, even though you may look a lot alike. 3 Cherish every stage of life in each family member. No matter how well we understand that it can’t happen, we desperately want Mom and Dad to stay the way they are, and for the kids to stay home forever. 4 Accept the natural fear that your parents’ aging evokes but use your emotional awareness and empathy to figure out how you can cherish this moment for its unique qualities. What can you and your parents share now that wasn’t possible in the past? Can you keep having fun and make sure everyone still feels useful and worthy in the family support system? 5 Fully accepting your fear of change can make it easier to ask questions that you may have considered awkward in the past. Maybe your parents are just waiting for your cue. Feel them out. In a flexible, healthy family dynamic, change is just one of the many opportunities you have to enrich one another. A．Your best hope for fixing any family problem is to attend your own emotional health. B．You won’t necessarily choose to follow in parent’s footsteps. C．It’s also important to keep your awareness active with family. D．The best to accept that fact emotionally, is to embrace change. E．People all change, and yet many seem to only see change in themselves. F．If you’re not sure what will work, ask. G．Active awareness and empathy tell us how to respond to one another’s needs. （23-24高二上·湖北襄阳·期中）Stay safe in the sun Summer is the ideal time to be outside having fun in the fresh air and sunshine. Sunlight can boost your vitamin D levels, which keeps your bones, teeth and muscles healthy. 1 However, from late spring to early autumn, the sun’s rays are stronger and can damage skin and make you feel unwell. It’s of vital importance to protect yourself from the sun’s powerful rays. Everyone needs to take caution in the sun. 2 In strong sunshine the body can heat up quickly, and this can mean you sweat and lose a lot of water. This can make your body lose water, which can cause headaches, a dry mouth, tiredness, dizziness and fainting. 3 It’s wise to wear a hat and apply sunscreen with SPF50 (sun protection factor 50) while in the sun. However, sweat and swimming can wash off sunscreen. It’s advisable to apply more throughout the day repeatedly. Never look directly at the sun even though wearing sunglasses. Be sure to drink plenty of water to stay hydrated. Sunburnt skin is red, hot to touch, can feel sore and itchy, and even may blister. 4 Don’t put ice on it, and try not to scratch peeling skin. It’s important to tell an adult straight away if you feel unwell. It’s sensible to be careful but playing in the sun is also good for your mood and your health. 5 A．So, head out and have fun. B．Thus, avoid being exposed to sunshine. C．You’d better rush to the hospital and consult a doctor. D．And the paler your skin, the more protection you need. E．Being outside on a sunny day can also make you feel good. F．If sunburnt, wash your skin in cold water and apply after-sun cream. G．You can’t have fun in the sun without taking measures to protect yourself. （23-24高二上·甘肃天水·期中）How to Become a Lifelong Learner There are no age limits when it comes to education. Being a lifelong learner is all about maintaining your curiosity and love for learning. 1 Identify your learning style. Everyone has a preferred way to approach information. Determine your own favorite learning style. 2 Make use of them as much as practical, such as viewing online tutorials on websites if you’re more of a visual learner. Read every single day. 3 Reading is an entrance to the minds of your fellow human beings. Through reading you will be amazed by the incredible creativity, intelligence of the human species. And reading will help you to learn the discoveries and mistakes of others who have gone ahead of you. Create something. Flexing your creative muscles can help you learn about yourself. 4 In fact, some powerful learning happens when you are creating something for yourself. Creation, like intelligence, can be artistic or scientific; physical or intellectual. Teach others. Teaching is a wonderful way to learn a subject better and improve your own understanding of it. Conveying the information you absorb will help you process better. 5 In teaching others how to learn things, you will find that you learn even more than the students. As a saying goes, it is never too late to learn, so we should persist in lifelong learning. A．Not all learning comes from outside you. B．Joseph Joubert once said that “To teach is to learn twice.” C．Here are some ways that you can keep chasing knowledge. D．Note what learning techniques are the most efficient for you. E．Even if it’s just a few pages, the habit will help you learn a ton. F．By equipping students with tools, teachers are helping them with their futures. G．Some people understand information better when it’s presented in a visual way. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 期中复习之七选五15篇 (名校期中真题) （23-24高二上·湖北·期中）Apologizing is how we live in peace with others, yet few of us know how to do it well — and not defensively. Just as often, apologies don’t happen at all out of fear that they’ll be uncomfortable or ineffective. 1 They help solidify(使变稳固) relationships and mend trust, both of which can lower stress and improve mental health. If you’re ready for your fault, here are four key s to apologizing well. 1. 2 Apologies are better late than early, says Cindy Hantz, a social psychologist who has researched how timing influences apology effectiveness. “What we found is that people usually tend to offer an apology as soon as possible,” she says. “It’s an effort to shut the whole incident down. You can’t deliver an effective apology until the injured person believes that you fully understand what you did wrong. If the apology comes before that, it’s not going to be seen as sincere.” 2. Accept responsibility. Why should you apologize if you’re both at fault? 2 “But I like to encourage people to really focus on taking responsibility for the parts of the conflict that they’re responsible for.” Schumann says. Calling attention to the fact that we’re also hurt is normal, but save it for later on in the conversation. 3. Be clear about how you plan to repair things. One of the core elements of an apology is making reparations. That will be possible in a direct way: You broke their favorite wineglass? Buy them a new one. Spilled coffee on their new dress? Pay for the dry cleaning. 3 It’s important for the other person to hear that this is not going to continue... and they can trust you to improve your behavior in the future. 4. Don’t expect forgiveness. An apology is a starting point. Particularly with severe faults, the person wronged will often need time and space to heal. Schumann suggests saying like this: “I understand this isn’t going to fix everything, and I want to continue to do whatever I can to make up for my mistake. I hope that even if you’re not ready to forgive me, 4 ” A．Don’t rush into it. B．Start with specific words. C．it’s important not to pressure them. D．That’s exactly the problem many people struggle with. E．you’re open to working with me to get us to a point where we can move forward. F．Sometimes you can’t repair what’s happened, but you can think about the relationship moving forward. G．But sincere apologies bring a host of benefits to the person delivering the message and the one receiving it. 【答案】1．G 2．A 3．D 4．F 5．E 【导语】本文的体裁是说明文。文章大意是讲述了道歉的重要性和如何有效地进行道歉，包括四个关键步骤：不要急于道歉、承担责任、清晰地说明你打算如何修复问题、以及不要期待立即被原谅。 1．根据上文“Apologizing is how we live in peace with others, yet few of us know how to do it well — and not defensively. Just as often, apologies don’t happen at all out of fear that they’ll be uncomfortable or ineffective.(道歉是我们如何与他人和平相处的方式，但我们很少有人知道如何做好这一点——而不是防御性地。同样常见的是，出于害怕道歉会让人不舒服或无效，道歉根本不会发生。)”以及下文“They help solidify(使变稳固) relationships and mend trust, both of which can lower stress and improve mental health.(它们有助于巩固关系和修复信任，这两者都可以降低压力并改善心理健康。)”可知，真诚的道歉对双方都有好处，与G项“But sincere apologies bring a host of benefits to the person delivering the message and the one receiving it.(但是，真诚的道歉给传递信息的人和接收信息的人都带来了一系列好处。)”表达的含义一致，下文中的“they”指代G项中的“sincere apologies”。故选G项。 2．根据下文“Apologies are better late than early, says Cindy Hantz, a social psychologist who has researched how timing influences apology effectiveness.(社会心理学家辛迪·汉茨说，道歉晚一点比早一点好，她研究了时机如何影响道歉的有效性。)”可知，道歉应该讲究时机，不要急于一时，与A项“Don’t rush into it.(不要急于求成。)”表达的含义一致，故选A项。 3．根据上文“Why should you apologize if you’re both at fault?(如果你们都有错，你为什么要道歉呢？)”可知，对于双方都有错的情况为什么需要道歉，这是很多人都纠结的问题，与D项“That’s exactly the problem many people struggle with.(这正是许多人纠结的问题。)”表达的含义一致，故选D项。 4．根据下文“It’s important for the other person to hear that this is not going to continue... and they can trust you to improve your behavior in the future.(让对方听到这种情况不会继续下去是很重要的……他们可以相信你会在未来改进你的行为。)”可知，有时候道歉是为了考虑未来的关系，与F项“Sometimes you can’t repair what’s happened, but you can think about the relationship moving forward.(有时候你无法修复已经发生的事情，但你可以考虑未来的关系。)”表达的含义一致，故选F项。 5．根据上文“I understand this isn’t going to fix everything, and I want to continue to do whatever I can to make up for my mistake. I hope that even if you’re not ready to forgive me,(我明白这并不能解决所有问题，我想继续尽我所能来弥补我的错误。我希望即使你没有准备好原谅我，)”可知，希望对方愿意与自己一起努力，让关系向前发展，与E项“you’re open to working with me to get us to a point where we can move forward.(你愿意与我一起努力，让我们能够向前发展。)”表达的含义一致，故选E项。 （23-24高二上·广东潮州·期中）The Guide to Keeping Your Dorm（宿舍）Room Clean In most cases, students don’t like or have time to clean their dorm rooms. 1 As a result, everybody’s business is nobody’s business. Read through this guide to keeping your dorm room clean. Have a cleaning routine. With a cleaning routine in place, you will always tidy up your room at a particular time often. If you can, sweep up your room every day in the morning. You can also do it every other day. 2 In addition, you can take turns cleaning if you have a roommate. 3 The quickest way of making a dorm room dirty and unorganized is to throw clothes everywhere. Never throw dirty clothes on the bed or the floor. They will quickly fill your room up. Rather, you should keep your dirty clothes in a basket and clean ones in your closet. Have a study plan. Being a student does not mean living without a plan. 4 It also makes your social and personal life easier. As a result, you are better able to clean your room if your life is organized. Avoid eating in your room. Food can easily cause a mess in a room. No matter how careful you are, you will drop a few parts of food in your room if you eat in it. Therefore, the best way of keeping your room clean is to avoid eating in it. 5 A．Keep your shoes by the door. B．Avoid placing clothes everywhere. C．What’s worse, waste can quickly spread all over your room. D．But do not go more than two days without cleaning your room. E．Besides, many students share a room with at least one other student. F．Similarly, do not allow your friends and classmates to eat in your room. G．Therefore, having a study plan helps you stay in control of your study life. 【答案】1．E 2．D 3．B 4．G 5．F 【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要讲述如何保持宿舍整洁。 【详解】1. 根据下文“As a result, everybody’s business is nobody’s business.(因此，每个人都要操心的事情就成了没人操心的事情)”可知，空格处应描述宿舍里有可能不是你一个人住；选项E. Besides, many students share a room with at least one other student.(另外，许多学生与至少一个学生共用一个房间)正好引出下文的结果。故选E。 2.根据上文“If you can, sweep up your room every day in the morning. You can also do it every other day.(如果可以的话，每天早上打扫你的房间。你也可以每隔一天打扫一次)”以及下文“Doing this can make the process harder during exam time.(这样做让整个过程在考试期间更困难)”可知，空格处应接上文描述打扫卫生的时间，但是不能间隔时间太长；选项D. But do not go more than two days without cleaning your room.(但是不要超过两天时间不打扫卫生)承接上下文。故选D。 3. 根据下文“The quickest way of making a dorm room dirty and unorganized is to throw clothes everywhere.(让宿舍很快变得脏乱的方法就是把衣服扔得到处都是)”可知，本段主要讲述保持整洁的方法之一，即，不要把衣服扔得到处都是；且空格处概括本段内容；选项B. Avoid placing clothes everywhere(避免把衣服放的到处都是)概括下文。故选B。 4. 根据上文“Being a student does not mean living without a plan.(作为一名学生并不意味着没有计划的生活。)”可知，空格处应承接上文进一步讲述有学习计划的好处；选项G. Therefore, having a study plan helps you stay in control of your study life(因此，有一个学习计划能帮助你控制你的学习生活)讲述它对学习生活的好处。故选G。 5. 根据上文“Therefore, the best way of keeping your room clean is to avoid eating in it(因此，让你的房间保持整洁的最好的方法是避免在里面吃东西)”可知，空格处应进一步描述避免在房间里吃东西的其他情况；选项F. Similarly, do not allow friends and classmates to eat in your room.(同样，也不要让你的朋友和室友在你的房间里吃东西)正好衔接上文。故选F。 （22-23高二上·河南郑州·期中）A few years ago, I felt like I was stuck in confusion. So I decide to follow in the footsteps of the great American “philosopher”, Morgan Spurlock, and try something new for 30 days. The idea is actually pretty simple. Think about something you’ve always wanted to add to your life and try it for the next 30 days. It turns out, 1 —like watching the news. There are a few things I learned while doing these 30-day challenges. The first was as I started to do more and harder 30-day challenges, 2 . I went from a desk-dwelling computer nerd (书呆子) to the kind of guy who bikes to work. Even last year, I ended up hiking up Mount Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. I would never have been that adventurous before I started my 30-day challenges. 3 . Have you ever wanted to write a novel? Every November, tens of thousands of people try to write their own 50,000-word novel. It turns out that all you have to do is to write 1,667 words a day for a month. So I did. I learned that when I made small, sustainable changes, they were easier to stick. There’s nothing wrong with big, crazy challenges. 4 . But they are more difficult to stick. So what are you waiting for? 5 , so why not think about something you have always wanted to try and give it a shot for the next 30 days? A．I also figured out that if you really want something badly enough, you can do anything for 30 days B．In fact, they’re a ton of fun C．In fact, I think they’re not practical D．I renewed myself while sticking to the challenge E．I wanted to do something for the first time in my life F．The next 30 days is going to pass whether you like it or not G．30 days is just about the right amount of time to add a new habit or get rid of a habit 【答案】1．G 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．F 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了用30天去培养一个习惯的方法。 1．根据上文“The idea is actually pretty simple. Think about something you’ve always wanted to add to your life and try it for the next 30 days.(这个想法其实很简单。想想你一直想在生活中增加的东西，并在接下来的30天里尝试)”可知，本句承接上文，说明要花费30天去尝试的原因，故G选项“30天刚好是养成一个新习惯或改掉一个习惯的合适时间”符合语境，故选G。 2．根据上文“There are a few things I learned while doing these 30-day challenges. The first was as I started to do more and harder 30-day challenges(在这30天的挑战中，我学到了一些东西。第一个是当我开始做更多更困难的30天挑战时)”可知，本句承接上文，说明作者做更多困难的30天挑战给作者带来的影响。故D选项“我在坚持挑战的同时重新振作起来”符合语境，故选D。 3．根据后文“Have you ever wanted to write a novel? Every November, tens of thousands of people try to write their own 50,000-word novel. It turns out that all you have to do is to write 1,667 words a day for a month. So I did. I learned that when I made small, sustainable changes, they were easier to stick. There’s nothing wrong with big, crazy challenges.(你曾经想过写小说吗？每年11月，成千上万的人都试图写出自己的5万字小说。事实证明，你所要做的就是每天写1667个单词，持续一个月。于是我照做了。我了解到，当我做一些小的、可持续的改变时，它们更容易坚持下去。大而疯狂的挑战并没有错)”可知，后文主要描述了作者关于30天习惯的发现。故A选项“我还发现，如果你真的非常想要某样东西，你可以在30天内做任何事情”符合语境，故选A。 4．根据上文“There’s nothing wrong with big, crazy challenges.(大而疯狂的挑战并没有错)”以及后文“But they are more difficult to stick.(但它们更难以坚持)”可知，上文提到了大而疯狂的挑战，后文与本句构成转折，说明本空是在说明“大而疯狂的挑战”好的方面。故B选项“事实上，它们非常有趣”符合语境，故选B。 5．根据上文“So what are you waiting for?( 那你还在等什么？)”以及后文“so why not think about something you have always wanted to try and give it a shot for the next 30 days?(所以，为什么不考虑一下你一直想尝试的事情，在接下来的30天里试一试呢？)”可知，本句是在建议尝试用30天尝试想尝试的事情，故F选项“不管你喜不喜欢，接下来的30天就要过去了”符合语境，故选F。 （23-24高二上·河北石家庄·期中）What do you do when you receive an invitation to an event that you do not want to attend or that you cannot attend due to your busy schedule? In that case, we simply can’t act on everything our heart feels. 1 Here are some right ways to decline (拒绝) an invitation without hurting others’ feelings. Respond in a timely manner. 2 It’s OK to put off responding if you’re unsure at first, but give yourself a deadline to figure it out — and stick to it. Always respond to invitations in a timely manner. 3 . It’s OK to say you’re sorry that you can’t make an event, but it’s better to redefine it as a positive. Rather than apologizing, say how happy you are that they invited you and that while you can’t make it this time, you look forward to getting together with them in the future. Don’t say “maybe”. Procrastinating (拖延) by saying “maybe” usually means it’s a no. 4 Saying “maybe” is a way of making yourself feel better, but it leaves the other person hanging, which is unkind. Don’t try to control the other person’s feelings. There’s the assumption that we can decline without hurting anyone else’s feelings, but we can’t ensure the other person’s experience. They may feel sad or disappointed when you decline, but that’s OK. 5 A．Focus on the positive. B．Be honest but not too honest. C．Don’t leave the hoot hanging. D．It’s fine to decline via digital means. E．Most people will understand that life just gets busy. F．If that’s really what you mean, just go ahead and say no. G．Instead, we should learn how to politely say “no” to an invitation. 【答案】1．G 2．C 3．A 4．F 5．E 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。介绍了如何礼貌地拒绝别人的邀请。 1．前文“What do you do when you receive an invitation to an event that you do not want to attend or that you cannot attend due to your busy schedule? In that case, we simply can’t act on everything our heart feels.(当你收到一个你不想参加的活动的邀请，或者由于你的日程繁忙而无法参加，你该怎么办？在这种情况下，我们根本不能按照我们内心的感觉去做)”表示当我们收到一个不想参加的邀请时，不能按照内心的想法去执行，后文“Here are some right ways to decline (拒绝) an invitation without hurting others’ feelings.(这里有一些拒绝邀请而不伤害别人感情的正确方法)”引出下文一些正确的拒绝方法；G选项“相反，我们应该学会如何礼貌地拒绝邀请”与前文进行转折，引出下文主题。故选G。 2．小标题“Respond in a timely manner.(及时回复)”表示应及时回复，后文“It’s OK to put off responding if you’re unsure at first, but give yourself a deadline to figure it out — and stick to it.(如果你一开始不确定，可以推迟回答，但给自己一个最后期限来弄清楚——并坚持下去)”表示可以在有限的截止时期进行推迟回复；C选项“别让主人久等”符合本段主旨。故选C。 3．空处为小标题，后文“It’s OK to say you’re sorry that you can’t make an event, but it’s better to redefine it as a positive.(说你很抱歉你不能参加一个活动是可以的，但最好把它重新定义为积极的)”表示要用积极的方法拒绝对方的邀请，A选项“Focus on the positive.(关注积极的一面)”符合本段主旨。故选A。 4．前文“Procrastinating (拖延) by saying “maybe” usually means it’s a no.(拖延说“也许”通常意味着不)”，F选项“如果你真的是这个意思，那就直接拒绝吧”表示要说清楚，不要用“也许”表示拒绝，符合本段小标题“Don’t say “maybe”.(不要说“也许”)”，语境一致。故选F。 5．前文“They may feel sad or disappointed when you decline, but that’s OK.(当你拒绝时，他们可能会感到悲伤或失望，但没关系)”表示别人也许因为我们的拒绝悲伤或者失望，但是这是没有关系的，E选项“大多数人都会明白，生活就是变得忙碌”表示原因，表示大多数人会理解你的拒绝。故选E。 （22-23高二上·河南·期中）Just like our bodies, our minds also become weak over time. 1 But thanks to the work of researchers, we are learning how exercise can push back against time and keep the brain young. It improves cognitive (认知的) performance. A study published in the journal Neurology Clinical Practice examined nearly 100 individual studies on exercise and brain function and discovered that exercising an average of 52 hours over six months is associated with improved cognitive performance in older adults. The type of exercises are beneficial. 2 It can make you happier. The human body is meant to move. But listening to that urge to move has many benefits - including making you happier and even keep depression and other mental health issues at bay. 3 It suggested exercise can significantly improve mood over time. 4 Researchers from Japan’s University of Tsukuba wanted to explore this idea further by looking at the effect of exercise on the weakening of the brain. They found that the fitter a participant was, the less brain activity he used to complete the tasks when compared with his out-of-shape peers. It can expand your capacity for joy. 5 She explains the importance of dopamine (多巴胺) receptors, which we lose as we age. After eight weeks of walking, jogging and strength training, these adults showed an increase of dopamine receptors. A．It allows you to use less brain power for the same task. B．It makes you feel the progress of your brain power. C．But remember not to choose some energetic exercises. D．And these exercises include strength-training and mind-body exercises. E．We lose the ability to process new information or to switch quickly between mental tasks. F．A research has begun to expose long-overlooked links between physical activity and mental health. G．Kelly McGonigal is a health expert who explains how exercise makes the brain more sensitive to joy. 【答案】1．E 2．D 3．F 4．A 5．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了运动对大脑健康的积极影响。 1．根据上文的“Just like our bodies, our minds also become weak over time. (就像我们的身体一样，我们的思维能力也会随着时间的推移而变得虚弱。)”可知，E项“我们失去了处理新信息或在心理任务之间快速切换的能力。”承接上文，指出了思维能力下降带来的不良后果，与下文的“But thanks to the work of researchers, we are learning how exercise can push back against time and keep the brain young.(但由于研究人员的工作，我们正在了解运动是如何延缓时间并保持大脑年轻的。)”构成转折关系，下文指出了有办法可以延缓思维能力的衰退，故选E项。 2．根据上文的“A study published in the journal Neurology Clinical Practice examined nearly 100 individual studies on exercise and brain function and discovered that exercising an average of 52 hours over six months is associated with improved cognitive performance in older adults. The type of exercises are beneficial. (发表在《神经病学临床实践》杂志上的一项研究调查了近100项关于运动和大脑功能的个人研究，发现在六个月内平均运动52小时与老年人认知能力的提高有关。这些类型的运动是有益的。)”可知，D项“这些练习包括力量训练和身心练习。”承接上文，举例说明有哪些训练可以提高老年人的认知能力，故选D项。 3．根据上文的“The human body is meant to move. But listening to that urge to move has many benefits — including making you happier and even keep depression and other mental health issues at bay. (人体是要运动的。但听从这个敦促动起来有很多好处，包括让你更快乐，甚至可以抑制抑郁和其他心理健康问题。)”，F项“一项研究已经开始揭示长期被忽视的体育活动与心理健康之间的联系。”承接上文，指出有科学依据证实运动是有好处的，下文的“It suggested exercise can significantly improve mood over time.(它表明，随着时间的推移，锻炼可以显著改善情绪。)”为总结句，与该段小标题相扣，指出运动和心里健康的关系，it指代的是选项“A research”，故选F项。 4．根据下文的“Researchers from Japan’s University of Tsukuba wanted to explore this idea further by looking at the effect of exercise on the weakening of the brain. They found that the fitter a participant was, the less brain activity he used to complete the tasks when compared with his out-of-shape peers.(日本筑波大学的研究人员希望通过研究运动对大脑衰弱的影响来进一步探索这一想法。他们发现，与身材不好的同龄人相比，参与者越健康，他完成任务所需的大脑活动就越少。)”可知，A项“它可以让你在完成同样的任务时使用更少的脑力。”能够总结本段内容，适合作为标题，故选A项。 5．根据下文的“She explains the importance of dopamine receptors, which we lose as we age. After eight weeks of walking, jogging and strength training, these adults showed an increase of dopamine receptors.(她解释了多巴胺受体的重要性，我们随着年龄的增长而失去多巴胺受体。经过八周的步行、慢跑和力量训练，这些成年人的多巴胺受体增加。)”可知，G项“Kelly McGonigal是一位健康专家，她解释了运动如何使大脑对快乐更加敏感。”为话题句，下文具体解释了运动使大脑感受到快乐的作用机理，she指代的是Kelly McGonigal，故选G项。 （23-24高二上·浙江杭州·期中）If you’re a perfectionist, that might mean you can be pretty hard on yourself. A mistake at work, for example, could result in some pretty negative self-talk or actions, like depriving yourself of a snack later that day. 1 But self-punishment doesn’t encourage growth, says Katherine, a psychotherapist and author of “The Perfectionist’s Guide to Losing Control.” 2 “When you punish someone, that person doesn’t learn how to change; they learn how to avoid the source of the punishment.” 3 This might look like overworking, overspending, or numbing yourself with excessive consumption of social media or TV shows. None of this actually helps you grow, though. Instead of punishing yourself for making a mistake, it is more effective to practice self-compassion(自我同情). Katherine suggests the broaden-and-build theory, a positive psychology theory that was developed by social psychologist Barbara in 1998. Broaden-and-build theory suggests that when you’re in a positive headspace you feel more able to face different challenges and make choices based on the possibility of positive outcomes. When you’re in a negative headspace your view narrows and you aren’t inspired or encouraged to think differently. 4 Research demonstrates self compassion’s positive association with a greater sense of self-worth, more realistic self-evaluations of strengths and weaknesses, lower levels of depression and anxiety. 5 Choosing self-compassion instead of self-punishment means you are more likely to learn from your mistakes and grow as a person. A．In other words, you’re punishing yourself. B．“Punishment doesn’t work.” she writes in her book. C．To put yourself in a positive headspace, you need to practice self-compassion. D．If you are the source of your own punishment then you learn to avoid yourself. E．Punishment can be mistaken for a handful of things like discipline, personal responsibility. F．It is also related with increased motivation to learn from past mistakes, and the list goes on. G．Instead of being scared to act natural consequence might encourage you to act in a way leading to a positive result. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．F 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了如果你是一个完美主义者，这可能意味着你对自己很苛刻。与其因为犯错而惩罚自己，不如练习自我同情。 1．根据上文“If you’re a perfectionist, that might mean you can be pretty hard on yourself. A mistake at work, for example, could result in some pretty negative self-talk or actions, like depriving yourself of a snack later that day.”（如果你是一个完美主义者，这可能意味着你对自己很苛刻。例如，工作中的一个错误可能会导致一些非常消极的自言自语或行为，比如当天晚些时候不让自己吃零食。）可知，讲的是完美主义者对自己犯错后的苛刻和惩罚的行为。结合选项A项In other words, you’re punishing yourself.（换句话说，你是在惩罚自己。）承接上文内容，为对上文内容的语意递进，上下文紧密连接。故选A项。 2．根据上文“But self-punishment doesn’t encourage growth, says Katherine, a psychotherapist and author of “The Perfectionist’s Guide to Losing Control.””（但心理治疗师、《完美主义者失控指南》(The Perfectionist’s Guide to lose Control)一书的作者凯瑟琳(Katherine)说，自我惩罚不会促进成长。）提到自我惩罚不会促进成长。结合选项B项“Punishment doesn’t work. ” she writes in her book.（“惩罚不起作用”。她在书中写道。）可知，和上文内容意思一致，为对上文内容的语意递进，上下文语意连贯，符合语境。故选B项。 3．根据上文“When you punish someone, that person doesn’t learn how to change; they learn how to avoid the source of the punishment.”（当你惩罚某人时，那个人不会学会如何改变；他们学会了如何避免惩罚的源头。）提到别人学会了如何避免惩罚的源头。以及下文“This might look like overworking, overspending, or numbing yourself with excessive consumption of social media or TV shows.”（这可能看起来像过度工作，超支，或者通过过度消费社交媒体或电视节目来使自己麻木。）说明结逃避自己的方式。合选项D项If you are the source of your own punishment then you learn to avoid yourself.（如果你是自己惩罚的源头，那么你就学会了逃避自己。）说明你是自己惩罚的源头，承接上文内容，同时引起下文，下文为对空格处内容的解释和补充，起到上下文的承上启下作用。故选D项。 4．根据上文“When you’re in a negative headspace your view narrows and you aren’t inspired or encouraged to think differently.”（当你处于消极的头脑空间时，你的视野会变得狭窄，你不会受到启发或鼓励去思考不同的问题。）说明消极状态的情况。以及下文“Research demonstrates self compassion’s positive association with a greater sense of self-worth, more realistic self-evaluations of strengths and weaknesses, lower levels of depression and anxiety.”（研究表明，自我同情与更强的自我价值感、对优势和劣势更现实的自我评估、更低程度的抑郁和焦虑呈正相关。）提到自我同情。结合选项C项To put yourself in a positive headspace, you need to practice self-compassion.（为了让自己处于积极的心态，你需要练习自我同情。）为说明相反情况，即让自己处于积极的心态，同时引起下文，下文为对空格处内容的解释，上下文紧密连接。故选C项。 5．根据下文“Choosing self-compassion instead of self-punishment means you are more likely to learn from your mistakes and grow as a person.”（选择自我同情而不是自我惩罚意味着你更有可能从错误中吸取教训，成长为一个人。）提到自我同情不是自我惩罚，意味着你更有可能从错误中吸取教训。结合选项F项It is also related with increased motivation to learn from past mistakes, and the list goes on.（这也与从过去的错误中学习的动力增加有关，这样的例子不胜枚举。）可知，和下文内容紧密连接，都是讲的关于从过去的错误中学习的情况，符合语境。故选F项。 （23-24高二上·浙江杭州·期中）Reading a pup’s body language requires experience and expert guidance. Zazie Todd, a dog trainer and founder of the blog Companion Animal Psychology, weighs in on how to decode dogs’ behaviour. 1. If your dog looks remorseful (羞愧的) when you walk in the door and see a mess… They’re expecting punishment but don’t necessarily know that what they’ve done is wrong. Alexandra Horowitz, a professor at Barnard College in New York City whose research focuses on canine (犬科) cognition, put that ”guilty” look to the test in 2009. 1 Subsequent research out of the University of Cambridge found no evidence that dogs can even feel guilty. 2. If your dog licks their mouth… They’re stressed Recently, two European studies have highlighted the meaning of this licking. 2 The other determined that dogs lick their mouths—and also look away—in response to a mild threat. If you spot this sign, try reducing your dog’s stress levels. 3 3. If you’re at the vet and your dog’s tail is down… They’re anxious. Obvious signs of an unhappy dog include hiding or trying to leave the exam room, but commonly missed triggers range from a tucked tail and lowered ears to trembling. 4 Many vets now use food to make the experience more fun. 4. If your dog leans into you during a petting session… They like it! If you’re unsure that a dog is enjoying being petted, stop, then gauge their reaction. This is called a consent test. If they choose to wander off, the session is over. 5 Preferred spots on their bodies are to either side of the chest and under the chin. A．You could also discuss medication with your vet. B．It could be as simple as giving them more physical space. C．However, if they lean on you or paw at you to get more cuddles, continue! D．If your dog gets stressed at appointments, ask what can be done. E．Other signs of discomfort include sniffing the floor, looking away and panting. F．One found that it was a canine response to seeing an angry or aggressive human face on a computer screen G．In the end, it wasn’t linked to whether the dog had transgressed but rather to being scolded by the owner. 【答案】1．G 2．F 3．B 4．D 5．E 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就狗的一些常见肢体语言进行解释说明。 1．由上文“They’re expecting punishment but don’t necessarily know that what they’ve done is wrong. Alexandra Horowitz, a professor at Barnard College in New York City whose research focuses on canine (犬科) cognition, put that “guilty” look to the test in 2009. (它们期待惩罚，但不一定知道它们做错了。纽约市巴纳德学院教授亚历山德拉·霍洛维茨的研究重点是犬类的认知，她在2009年对这种“内疚”的表情进行了测试。)”和后文“Subsequent research out of the University of Cambridge found no evidence that dogs can even feel guilty. (剑桥大学随后的研究发现，没有证据表明狗甚至会感到内疚。)”可知，本空要说跟“狗感到内疚的原因”有关的话题，故G选项“In the end, it wasn’t linked to whether the dog had transgressed but rather to being scolded by the owner. (最终，这与狗是否违法无关，而是与被主人斥责有关。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选G。 2．由上文“They’re stressed Recently, two European studies have highlighted the meaning of this licking. (最近，两项欧洲研究强调了这种舔的意义。)”和后文“The other determined that dogs lick their mouths—and also look away—in response to a mild threat. (另一项研究确定，狗在受到轻微威胁时，会舔自己的嘴，同时也会把目光移开。)”可知，本句要表述两项研究中的一个，故F选项“One found that it was a canine response to seeing an angry or aggressive human face on a computer screen (其中一项研究发现，这是狗在电脑屏幕上看到愤怒或好斗的人脸时的反应)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选F。 3．由上文“If you spot this sign, try reducing your dog’s stress levels. (如果你发现了这个迹象，试着减少你的狗的压力水平。)”可知，本空要说跟“减少压力水平具体措施”有关的话题，故B选项“It could be as simple as giving them more physical space. (这可以简单到给他们更多的物理空间。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选B。 4．由上文“They’re anxious. Obvious signs of an unhappy dog include hiding or trying to leave the exam room, but commonly missed triggers range from a tucked tail and lowered ears to trembling. (它们焦虑。狗狗不开心的明显迹象包括躲起来或试图离开检查室，但通常错过的触发因素包括夹起尾巴、垂下耳朵、颤抖。)”可知，本空要说跟“它们焦虑”有关的话题，由后文“Many vets now use food to make the experience more fun. (许多兽医现在用食物来增加体验的乐趣。)”可知，本句要表达“具体怎样帮它们减轻焦虑”有关的话题，故D选项“If your dog gets stressed at appointments, ask what can be done. (如果你的狗在约会时压力很大，问问能做些什么。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选D。 5．由上文“They like it! If you’re unsure that a dog is enjoying being petted, stop, then gauge their reaction. This is called a consent test. If they choose to wander off, the session is over. (它们喜欢！如果你不确定狗狗是否喜欢被抚摸，停下来，然后观察它们的反应。这被称为同意测试。如果他们选择离开，游戏就结束了。)”可知，本空要说跟“它们不喜欢的表现”有关的话题，故E选项“Other signs of discomfort include sniffing the floor, looking away and panting. (其他不适迹象包括嗅地板、移开视线和气喘吁吁。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选E。 （23-24高二上·浙江杭州·期中）As is known, Albert Einstein was one of the greatest scientists of all time. He was also a really great person. Einstein learned from making mistakes 1 He said he needed a desk, some paper and pencil. He also needed a basket to hold his mistakes. This shows that he knew even the cleverest man in the world can only learn by making mistakes. 2 Many children wrote letters to ask him for help with their homework. One day, he wrote a letter to a young girl to tell her not to worry about her Maths homework because he thought Maths was difficult too. Einstein considered time to be important He never wore socks because he thought putting on socks was waste of time as people already wore shoes. He also thought remembering things found in books was not worth it. 3 He knew what was worth remembering. It is true that if we are going to do great things in our lives, we cannot waste time. Einstein liked to joke too In one exam, a student asked him why all the questions were the same as last year’s. Einstein replied the questions were the same, but the answers were different. 4 When Einstein was a child, his teachers used to say he was not clever. However, Einstein kept working hard and surprised the world with his achievements. 5 So, never be discouraged! A．Einstein was also very modest. B．What a humorous person he is! C．Einstein was also strict with his students. D．Give students a chance to correct their mistakes. E．That’s why he never remembered his own phone number. F．If we ever feel like giving up when we have problems, we should think of him. G．When Einstein started to work in America, someone asked him what he needed. 【答案】1．G 2．A 3．E 4．B 5．F 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了爱因斯坦个人的一些伟大之处。 1．根据下文“He said he needed a desk, some paper and pencil.(他说他需要一张桌子，一些纸和铅笔)”可知，G项“当爱因斯坦开始在美国工作时，有人问他需要什么”符合语境，引出下文，故选G。 2．根据本段“Many children wrote letters to ask him for help with their homework. One day, he wrote a letter to a young girl to tell her not to worry about her Maths homework because he thought Maths was difficult too.(许多孩子写信请他帮忙做作业。有一天，他给一个小女孩写了一封信，告诉她不要担心她的数学作业，因为他认为数学也很难)”可知，本段讲最伟大的科学家爱因斯坦也认为数学也很难，说明他谦虚的品质，A项“Einstein也非常谦虚”，故选A。 3．根据上文“He also thought remembering things found in books was not worth it.(他还认为记住书上的东西是不值得的)”可知，爱因斯坦认为书上的东西不值得去记， E项“这就是为什么他从不记得自己的电话号码”承接上文，爱因斯坦认为书上的东西不值得去记，所以他从不记自己的电话号码。故选E。 4．由小标题“Einstein liked to joke too(爱因斯坦也喜欢开玩笑)”和“In one exam, a student asked him why all the questions were the same as last year’s. Einstein replied the questions were the same, but the answers were different.(在一次考试中，一个学生问爱因斯坦为什么所有的问题都和去年的一样。爱因斯坦回答的问题都一样，但答案不同)”可知，本段主要是通过事例说明爱因斯坦很幽默，B项“他是一个多么幽默的人啊”承接上文讲爱因斯坦拥有幽默感。故选B。 5．根据上文“When Einstein was a child, his teachers used to say he was not clever. However, Einstein kept working hard and surprised the world with his achievements.(爱因斯坦小时候，老师们常说他不聪明。然而，爱因斯坦一直在努力工作，他的成就令世界惊讶)”可知，爱因斯坦被老师说不聪明，也没有放弃努力工作，可见永远不要遇到问题就放弃、气馁，承接上文，F项“当我们遇到问题时，如果我们想要放弃，我们应该想到他”符合语境。故选F。 （22-23高二上·全国·期中）When people are stressed, anxious or depressed, they are unlikely to make healthy lifestyle choices. They may be more likely to smoke more, not be physically active, drink too much alcohol and sleep too little or too much. 1 If you’re struggling with depression, stress or anxiety, taking the following key steps can help. To begin with, identify the cause of your depression, stress or anxiety and address it. 2 However, if it goes on for two weeks or more, you may need to seek professional help. Depression is a problem when it causes feelings of sadness and/or a loss of interest in activities you once enjoyed. It can lead to various emotional and physical problems. 3 If you aren’t in the habit of exercising, start gradually. Something as simple as taking a walk, 30 minutes a day, can help your heart. Physical activity improves your mood while you’re doing it. Regular physical activity can also improve your mental well-being, lower the risk of depression and improve your life quality. Thirdly, make healthy lifestyle changes one at a time. 4 That’s especially true if one of the habits you want to break is smoking. Quitting smoking can be difficult. If you smoke, talk with your health care professional to determine if you need help. Ultimately, you have to take care of yourself to break the cycle of feeling down. 5 Or it could be doing something structured, such as yoga or tai chi. A．Don’t try to fix everything at once. B．At times you may feel down for a couple of days. C．Meanwhile, choose healthy habits and don’t rush it. D．It is important to stay heart healthy, even when you’re down. E．Over time, these unhealthy behaviors can increase the risk for heart disease. F．That could be something you can do anywhere, such as listening to music or reading a book. G．Depression and anxiety can also lead to heart diseases, including heart failure, stroke and heart attack. 【答案】1．E 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．F 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文向那些正与抑郁、压力或焦虑作斗争的人们介绍了几种有效的应对方法。 1．根据上文“When people are stressed, anxious or depressed, they are unlikely to make healthy lifestyle choices. They may be more likely to smoke more, not be physically active, drink too much alcohol and sleep too little or too much.(当人们感到压力、焦虑或抑郁时，他们不太可能做出健康的生活方式选择。他们可能更有可能吸烟更多，不运动，饮酒过多，睡眠过少或过多)”可知，本句承接上文，说明这些不健康生活方式带来的影响。故E选项“随着时间的推移，这些不健康的行为会增加患心脏病的风险”符合语境，故选E。 2．根据后文“However, if it goes on for two weeks or more, you may need to seek professional help.(然而，如果这种情况持续两周或更长时间，你可能需要寻求专业帮助)”可知，however表示转折意义，故本句是在说明某种情况持续时间不长的情况。B选项中for a couple of days与后一句中的for two weeks or more相对应。故B选项“有时你可能会沮丧几天”符合语境，故选B。 3．根据后文“If you aren’t in the habit of exercising, start gradually. Something as simple as taking a walk, 30 minutes a day, can help your heart. Physical activity improves your mood while you’re doing it. Regular physical activity can also improve your mental well-being, lower the risk of depression and improve your life quality.(如果你没有锻炼的习惯，那就慢慢开始。一些简单的事情，比如每天散步30分钟，可以帮助你的心脏。体育锻炼可以改善你的情绪。有规律的体育锻炼也可以改善你的心理健康，降低抑郁的风险，提高你的生活质量)”可知，本段主要说明了如何养成好的健康习惯和养成好的健康习惯的重要性。故C选项“同时，养成健康的习惯，不要操之过急”符合题意，可以作为本段主旨句。故选C。 4．根据上文“Thirdly, make health y lifestyle changes one at a time.(第三，一次改变一个健康的生活方式)”可知，上文提到一次改变一个健康的生活方式，即不要试图一次性解决所有问题。故A选项“不要试图一下子解决所有问题”符合语境，故选A。 5．根据上文“Ultimately, you have to take care of yourself to break the cycle of feeling down.(最终，你必须照顾好自己，打破情绪低落的恶性循环)”以及后文“Or it could be doing something structured, such as yoga or tai chi.(或者可以做一些有条理的事情，比如瑜伽或太极)”可知，本句与后文意义上存在并列关系，都是在说明如何打破情绪低落的恶性循环。故F选项“这可以是你在任何地方都可以做的事情，比如听音乐或看书”符合语境，故选F。 （23-24高二上·河北石家庄·期中）How to make friends at a new school Starting with a new school can be difficult. Everything seems to be different, and you don’t even know where to go for your own classes. 1 However, if you use these skills, you can quickly turn some of those strangers into friends. Be yourself. 2 If some people don’t accept you, they’re not the kind of friends you need. People often stay together because they have similar interests. For example, someone who does a lot of sport may make friends with those who also run or swim a lot. 3 Remember to be nice to the people you meet at your new school. If you think that you will say something that may make them feel sad, do not say anything and just nod your head if they talk to you. Also, remember to be as helpful as possible! Believe in yourself. A smile goes a long way. When you walk in the halls, don’t keep your eyes on the floor. Raise your head and make eye contact (目光接触) with other people. 4 Introduce yourself. Tell them your name and where you’re from. Remember people’s names. You like it when people use your name, and so do other people. 5 Besides, ask them in a kind way if they have a nickname (昵称). You’d be surprised how often this might come in handy. A．People may become angry if you just begin by saying “Hey” each time. B．Be friendly to others. C．Join afterschool activities you like. D．Making new friends can be hard, too. E．Don’t sit at the back of the classroom where other people don’t notice you! F．If you see someone you know, smile or say “Hi”. G．Never change who you are to try and fit in. 【答案】1．D 2．G 3．B 4．F 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。这篇短文主要介绍了如何融入一个新的学校。 1．空前“Starting with a new school can be difficult. Everything seems to be different, and you don’t even know where to go for your own classes.(从一所新学校开始可能会很困难。一切似乎都变了，你甚至不知道去哪里上自己的课。)”说明的是在新的学校会遇到的困难，空格处应该继续说还有什么困难，D选项“Making new friends can be hard, too.(结交新朋友也很困难。)”说明的是在新学校交新朋友也是困难的，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选D。 2．本段小标题是“Be yourself.(做你自己。)”，因此本段主要讲的是要做自己，不要轻易改变自己，G选项“Never change who you are to try and fit in.(永远不要为了适应而改变自己。)”说明的是不要改变自己，要做自己，因此符合本段语境，故选G。 3．空格处是本段小标题，由空后的“Remember to be nice to the people you meet at your new school.(记得要善待你在新学校遇到的人。)”说明了要对在学校遇到的人好，也就是要待人友好，B选项“Be friendly to others.(对他人友好。)”说明了要待人友好，概括了本段内容，可作为小标题，故选B。 4．空前“A smile goes a long way. When you walk in the halls, don’t keep your eyes on the floor. Raise your head and make eye contact (目光接触) with other people.(微笑是大有帮助的。当你走在大厅里时，不要一直盯着地板看。抬起头，与他人进行眼神交流。)”说明要抬起头和他人进行眼神交流，空后“Introduce yourself.(介绍你自己。)”说明要介绍自己，空格处应该是与他人交流的一种方式，F选项“If you see someone you know, smile or say “Hi”.(如果你看到你认识的人，微笑或说“嗨”。)”说明了要对人微笑，其中smile和前面的smile一致，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选F。 5．空前“You like it when people use your name, and so do other people.(你喜欢别人叫你的名字，别人也一样。)”说明了别人也喜欢你叫他名字，所以不叫他们名字的话他们可能会生气，A选项“People may become angry if you just begin by saying “Hey” each time.(如果你每次都以“嘿”开头，人们可能会生气。)”说明如果光说“嘿”，而不叫名字，别人可能会生气，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选A。 （23-24高二上·浙江杭州·期中）As an English learner, we sometimes get questions like this: “How can I speak English with more confidence?” That is a great question. 1 Today, we have several pieces of advice to help you. Every day, the most important person you talk to is yourself. That’s to say, your own thoughts matter. If you lack confidence as an English speaker, you may say things like, “English is too hard” “I’m so sorry for my English.” What’s worse, you are sure to start believing them. 2 To sound more confident, speak slowly enough so that people can easily hear you. Many English learners worry that speaking too slow will make them sound inexperienced. 3 So avoid worrying that you are speaking too slow for the people around you. 4 If you are not confident, you may try to say as little as possible. For example, if asked what people’s favorite color is, an English learner may give a short, direct response like, “blue”, while a native English speaker is likely to say, “Well, to be quite honest, I don’t really have an actual color, but I guess I may go for something like blue or grey.” Read out loud. Reading out loud can help build confidence in how your English sounds. So next time you are reading a website, book or something else that you enjoy, take a few minutes to read the material aloud. Before reading aloud, read the story silently first. The second time, if there is audio, you can listen to the speakers as you read alone silently. 5 Then, try listening to the speaker and reading out loud at the same time. A．But you are more likely to make mistakes if speaking too fast. B．Then, speak loudly enough that anyone in the same room can easily hear you. C．So replace unhelpful thoughts with better ones when speaking. D．Using long sentences shows that you speak English confidently. E．Then, try to read the story out alone. F．Speak in complete sentences and give longer responses when possible. G．Whatever language we are learning, we would all love to speak confidently. 【答案】1．G 2．C 3．A 4．F 5．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些建议以帮助我们更加自信地说英语。 1．根据上文“As an English learner, we sometimes get questions like this: “How can I speak English with more confidence?” That is a great question.(作为一个英语学习者，我们有时会遇到这样的问题：“我怎样才能更自信地说英语？”这是个好问题。)”可知，作为英语学习者，我们很想知道如何更自信地说英语。选项G“Whatever language we are learning, we would all love to speak confidently.(不管我们学什么语言，我们都喜欢自信地说。)”延续上文内容，指出每个语言学习者都想自信地说这种语言；同时引出下一句“Today, we have several pieces of advice to help you.(今天，我们有几条建议来帮助你。)”，起承上启下的作用。故选G。 2．根据上文内容“Every day, the most important person you talk to is yourself. That’s to say, your own thoughts matter. If you lack confidence as an English speaker, you may say things like, “English is too hard” “I’m so sorry for my English.” What’s worse, you are sure to start believing them.(每天，你交谈的最重要的人就是你自己。也就是说，你自己的想法很重要。如果你对说英语缺乏信心，你可能会说，“英语太难了”，“我很抱歉我的英语。”更糟糕的是，你肯定会开始相信这些话。)”可知，本段讲述的是自己的想法非常重要。而空前内容则指出，缺乏自信会带来糟糕的后果。选项C“So replace unhelpful thoughts with better ones when speaking.(所以说话的时候，用好的想法代替无用的想法。)”点明本段主要内容，指出消极的想法会有糟糕的后果，所以我们应该用好的想法代替不好的想法。故选C。 3．根据空前内容“English learners worry that speaking too slow will make them sound inexperienced.(许多英语学习者担心说得太慢会让他们听起来缺乏经验。)”可知，很多人都担心自己说得太慢会让别人觉得自己缺乏经验。选项A“But you are more likely to make mistakes if speaking too fast.(但是如果你说得太快，你就更容易出错。)”与上文形成转折，同时指出说得慢可能会让别人觉得自己缺乏经验，但是说得太快容易出错。从而因此下文“So avoid worrying that you are speaking too slow for the people around you.(所以不要担心你对周围的人说得太慢。)”。故选A。 4．空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文“If you are not confident, you may try to say as little as possible. For example, if asked what people’s favorite color is, an English learner may give a short, direct response like, “blue”, while a native English speaker is likely to say, “Well, to be quite honest, I don’t really have an actual color, but I guess I may go for something like blue or grey.”(如果你不自信，你可能会尽量少说话。例如，如果被问到人们最喜欢的颜色是什么，英语学习者可能会给出一个简短而直接的回答，比如“蓝色”，而母语为英语的人可能会说，“嗯，说实话，我真的没有具体的颜色，但我想我可能会喜欢蓝色或灰色之类的颜色。”)”可知，不自信的时候，我们会尽可能少说话，但是说英语的人会说比较长的句子。由此可判断，本段主要建议读者说长句子。选项F“Speak in complete sentences and give longer responses when possible.(用完整的句子说话，尽可能给出较长的回答。)”与本段内容相符，指出用完整的句子说话会让我们自信地说英语。故选F。 5．根据空前“Before reading aloud, read the story silently first. The second time, if there is audio, you can listen to the speakers as you read alone silently. (在大声朗读之前，先默读故事。第二次，如果有音频，你可以在独自阅读时听扬声器。)”以及空后“Then, try listening to the speaker and reading out loud at the same time.(然后，试着一边听录音一边大声朗读。)”可知，上下文主要讲述的是如何进行朗读。选项E“Then, try to read the story put alone.(然后，试着单独阅读这个故事。)”与上下文内容一致，指出我们先默读故事，再听音频，再次阅读，最后一边听录音一边大声朗读。故选E。 （22-23高二上·湖北恩施·期中）Traveling is an enriching experience that offers numerous benefits, especially for high school students. Exploring new places and immersing oneself in different cultures can broaden horizons, foster personal growth, and provide valuable education al opportunities 1 , traveling has the power to shape young minds and leave lasting impressions. First and foremost, traveling exposes students to new cultures and perspectives 2 By encountering different languages, traditions, and customs, students develop tolerance, empathy, and appreciation for diversity. They learn to respect and embrace differences, which is a crucial skill in today’s interconnected global society. Furthermore, travel provides unique education al opportunities that cannot be copied in a classroom setting. 3 Science becomes concrete when observing wildlife in its natural habitat or engaging in ecological projects Art and literature gain new perspectives when exposed to different artistic styles and literary traditions. Students can become active learners, connecting what they have studied with real-life experiences. 4 It encourages students to step outside their comfort zones and face challenges independently. They learn to navigate unfamiliar environments, make decisions, and take responsibility for their actions. These experiences foster independence, self-confidence, and adaptability, qualities that will serve them well throughout their lives. In conclusion, traveling offers high school students immense benefits. It broadens their perspectives, provides educational opportunities, promotes personal growth, and create s lasting memories and friendships. It is an investment in their future, shaping them into-well-rounded individuals who are open-minded, culturally aware, and adaptable to different situations 5 . A．Even though my travel seems really short B．Traveling also promotes personal growth and self-discovery C．Moreover, traveling creates lasting memories and lifelong friendships D．Whether it’s a short weekend getaway or a long international adventure E．History comes alive when visiting ancient ruins or exploring significant landmarks F．So, pack your bags, set off on a journey, and let the world become your classroom G．It allows them to step out of their comfort zones and gain a deeper understanding of the world around them 【答案】1．D 2．G 3．E 4．B 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了旅行对高中生的益处，包括拓宽视野、提供独特的教育机会、促进个人成长等。 1．根据空前内容“Traveling is an enriching experience that offers numerous benefits, especially for high school students. Exploring new places and immersing oneself in different cultures can broaden horizons, foster personal growth, and provide valuable education al opportunities .(旅行是一个丰富的经验，提供了许多好处，特别是对高中生。探索新的地方，沉浸在不同的文化中可以开阔视野，促进个人成长，并提供宝贵的教育机会。)”可知，旅行对高中生有很多好处。而根据空后的“traveling has the power to shape young minds and leave lasting impressions.(旅行能塑造年轻的心灵，留下持久的印象。)”的形式可推测，空处为从句形式，且内容和旅行有关。选项D“Whether it’s a short weekend getaway or a long international adventure(无论是一个短暂的周末度假还是一次漫长的国际冒险)”形式上为状语从句，内容上指的是不管是短途旅程还是长途旅行，都对高中生有好处。故选D。 2．根据空前“First and foremost, traveling exposes students to new cultures and perspectives(首先，旅行使学生接触到新的文化和观点)”可知，旅行使学生接触到新的文化和观点。选项G“It allows them to step out of their comfort zones and gain a deeper understanding of the world around them(它让他们走出自己的舒适区，对周围的世界有更深的了解)”是上文内容的自然延续，指的是旅行可以使学生接触到新的文化和观点，从而对周围的世界有更深的了解。故选G。 3．根据空后的“Science becomes concrete when observing wildlife in its natural habitat or engaging in ecological projects Art and literature gain new perspectives when exposed to different artistic styles and literary traditions.(当观察自然栖息地的野生动物或从事生态工程时，科学变得具体。当接触到不同的艺术风格和文学传统时，艺术和文学获得新的视角。)”可知，旅行可以让教育不仅仅局限于课堂环境。选项E“History comes alive when visiting ancient ruins or exploring significant landmarks(当参观古代遗迹或探索重要的地标时，历史就栩栩如生了)”与下文内容一致，指的是当参观古代遗迹时可以更好地了解历史。与本段的主题“Furthermore, travel provides unique education al opportunities that cannot be copied in a classroom setting.(此外，旅行提供了独特的教育机会，这是在课堂环境中无法复制的。)”一致。故选E。 4．空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文内容“It encourages students to step outside their comfort zones and face challenges independently. They learn to navigate unfamiliar environments, make decisions, and take responsibility for their actions. These experiences foster independence, self-confidence, and adaptability, qualities that will serve them well throughout their lives.(它鼓励学生走出自己的舒适区，独立面对挑战。他们学会驾驭不熟悉的环境，做出决定，并为自己的行为负责。这些经历培养了独立、自信和适应能力，这些品质将在他们的一生中很好地为他们服务。)”可知，本段讲述的是旅行可以让学生成长。选项B“Traveling also promotes personal growth and self-discovery(旅行也促进个人成长和自我发现)”与本段内容相一致。故选B。 5．根据空前内容“In conclusion, traveling offers high school students immense benefits. It broadens their perspectives, provides educational opportunities, promotes personal growth, and create s lasting memories and friendships. It is an investment in their future, shaping them into-well-rounded individuals who are open-minded, culturally aware, and adaptable to different situations(总之，旅行给高中生带来了巨大的好处。它拓宽了他们的视野，提供了受教育的机会，促进了个人成长，并创造了持久的记忆和友谊。这是对他们未来的投资，将他们塑造成思想开放、具有文化意识、能适应不同情况的全面发展的人。)”可知，上文讲述的是旅行会给高中生带来巨大的好处。选项F“So, pack your bags, set off on a journey, and let the world become your classroom(所以，收拾好行囊，踏上旅程吧，让世界成为你的教室)”是上文内容的自然延续，讲的是既然旅行对高中生有益，那么让我们去旅行吧，让世界成为教室。故选F。 （23-24高二上·北京·期中）There’s nothing like family. The people we’re related to by blood and marriage are expected to be our greatest sources of love and support. Too often, however, our interactions with family are filled with misunderstanding and resentment. Those we should know and be known by best, end up feeling like adversaries or strangers. Family is where our first and strongest emotional memories are made, and that’s where they keep appearing. And this is why emotional intelligence(EQ)succeeds where other efforts at family harmony fail. 1 The suggestions offered below are transformed from familiar reasonable advice, to highly effective methods for bringing your family ever closer. Look to yourself first. A family is a system made up of interdependent individuals, but that doesn’t mean you can blame your family of origin for the way you are today 2 When you act on the belief that you have a right and obligation to assert your own emotional needs, your family will notice that your emotional independence benefits not only you, but the whole family, and they may quickly follow your lead. Recognize that being close doesn’t mean being clones. Sometimes family ties blind us to the uniqueness of those we love. Pride in the family continuum can make it easy to forget that. You can’t be expected to have the same talents as your siblings, even though you may look a lot alike. 3 Cherish every stage of life in each family member. No matter how well we understand that it can’t happen, we desperately want Mom and Dad to stay the way they are, and for the kids to stay home forever. 4 Accept the natural fear that your parents’ aging evokes but use your emotional awareness and empathy to figure out how you can cherish this moment for its unique qualities. What can you and your parents share now that wasn’t possible in the past? Can you keep having fun and make sure everyone still feels useful and worthy in the family support system? 5 Fully accepting your fear of change can make it easier to ask questions that you may have considered awkward in the past. Maybe your parents are just waiting for your cue. Feel them out. In a flexible, healthy family dynamic, change is just one of the many opportunities you have to enrich one another. A．Your best hope for fixing any family problem is to attend your own emotional health. B．You won’t necessarily choose to follow in parent’s footsteps. C．It’s also important to keep your awareness active with family. D．The best to accept that fact emotionally, is to embrace change. E．People all change, and yet many seem to only see change in themselves. F．If you’re not sure what will work, ask. G．Active awareness and empathy tell us how to respond to one another’s needs. 【答案】1．G 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何提高家庭和谐的重要性，以及如何通过情商来实现这一目标。 1．根据前文“And this is why emotional intelligence(EQ)succeeds where other efforts at family harmony fail. (这就是为什么情商(EQ)能成功，而其他家庭和谐的努力却失败了。)”可知，此处强调的是情商能够有助于家庭和谐。后文应该对此进行解释。G选项“Active awareness and empathy tell us how to respond to one another’s needs.(积极的意识和同理心告诉我们如何回应彼此的需求。)”中的“积极的意识和同理心”能够告诉我们如何回应家庭成员的需求，其属于EQ的具体体现，因此EQ能够有助于家庭和谐，与前文呼应。故选G。 2．根据前文“Look to yourself first. (先看看你自己)”可知，此处强调的是从自己着手，不要把今天自己的样子归咎于原生家庭。A选项“Your best hope for fixing any family problem is to attend your own emotional health.(解决家庭问题的最大希望是关注自己的情绪健康。)”中“关注自己的情绪健康”与前文呼应，即关注自己的情绪问题是能够解决家庭问题的最大希望。故选A。 3．根据本段段旨“Recognize that being close doesn’t mean being clones.(认识到亲密并不意味着克隆人。)”以及“You can’t be expected to have the same talents as your siblings, even though you may look a lot alike. (即使你和你的兄弟姐妹长得很像，你也不能指望拥有和他们一样的才能。)”可知，虽然与兄弟姐妹有着亲密的关系，但不意味着你们是一样的。B选项“You won’t necessarily choose to follow in parent’s footsteps.( 你并不一定会选择追随父母的脚步。)”承接前文指出，虽然家人们是亲密的，但是不一定会有着同样的才能，也不一定会选择追随亲人的脚步，故B选项符合语境。故选B。 4．根据后文“ Accept the natural fear that your parents’ aging evokes but use your emotional awareness and empathy to figure out how you can cherish this moment for its unique qualities.(接受父母变老带来的自然恐惧，但运用你的情感意识和同理心，想想如何珍惜这一刻，因为它的独特品质。)”可知要学会接受父母变老带来的自然恐惧，运用情感意识和同理心珍惜当下的一刻。D选项“The best to accept that fact emotionally, is to embrace change.(从情感上接受这个事实的最好方式，就是拥抱改变。)”引起下文，指出最好的方式就是要接受改变，与下文的“ Accept the natural fear”形成呼应，符合语境。故选D。 5．根据下文“Fully accepting your fear of change can make it easier to ask questions that you may have considered awkward in the past.(充分接受自己对变化的恐惧可能会让你更容易提出过去可能认为尴尬的问题。)”可知，此处强调接受变化的恐惧，能够让自己更能大胆地提出问题即强调大胆的提出问题，确定到底何种方式起作用。F选项“If you’re not sure what will work, ask.(如果你不确定什么会起作用，那就去问。)”与下文呼应，指出如果遇到不确定什么起作用则大胆询问，符合语境。故选F。 （23-24高二上·湖北襄阳·期中）Stay safe in the sun Summer is the ideal time to be outside having fun in the fresh air and sunshine. Sunlight can boost your vitamin D levels, which keeps your bones, teeth and muscles healthy. 1 However, from late spring to early autumn, the sun’s rays are stronger and can damage skin and make you feel unwell. It’s of vital importance to protect yourself from the sun’s powerful rays. Everyone needs to take caution in the sun. 2 In strong sunshine the body can heat up quickly, and this can mean you sweat and lose a lot of water. This can make your body lose water, which can cause headaches, a dry mouth, tiredness, dizziness and fainting. 3 It’s wise to wear a hat and apply sunscreen with SPF50 (sun protection factor 50) while in the sun. However, sweat and swimming can wash off sunscreen. It’s advisable to apply more throughout the day repeatedly. Never look directly at the sun even though wearing sunglasses. Be sure to drink plenty of water to stay hydrated. Sunburnt skin is red, hot to touch, can feel sore and itchy, and even may blister. 4 Don’t put ice on it, and try not to scratch peeling skin. It’s important to tell an adult straight away if you feel unwell. It’s sensible to be careful but playing in the sun is also good for your mood and your health. 5 A．So, head out and have fun. B．Thus, avoid being exposed to sunshine. C．You’d better rush to the hospital and consult a doctor. D．And the paler your skin, the more protection you need. E．Being outside on a sunny day can also make you feel good. F．If sunburnt, wash your skin in cold water and apply after-sun cream. G．You can’t have fun in the sun without taking measures to protect yourself. 【答案】1．E 2．D 3．G 4．F 5．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了晒太阳的好处和晒太阳时需要注意的一些事项 1．根据上文“Sunlight can boost your vitamin D levels, which keeps your bones, teeth and muscles healthy. (阳光可以增加你体内维生素D的含量，使你的骨路，牙齿和肌肉保持健康。) ”及下文“However, from late spring to early autumn, the sun’s rays are stronger and can damage skin and make you feel unwell. (然而，从晚春到初秋，大阳光线更强，会损害皮肤，让你感到不适。) ”可知，空前在说阳光的好处，空后为However表转折，说明空格处仍在说明其好处。选项E“阳光灿烂的日子待在户外也会使你很愉悦。”符合语境，故选E。 2．上文“It’s of vital importance to protect yourself from the sun’s powerful rays. Everyone needs to take caution in the sun. (保护自己远离强光线是至关重要的，每个人在阳光下都需要注意。) ”及下文“In strong sunshine the body can heat up quickly, and this can mean you sweat and lose a lot of water. (在强光下，你的身体迅速升温，这就意味着你可能出汗脱水。)”可知，空处应表达的是在阳光下注意什么。B选项“因此，避免暴露在阳光下。”符合语境，故选B。 3．下文“It’s wise to wear a hat and apply sunscreen with SPF50(sun protection factor 50)while in the sun. (在阳光下戴帽子或者涂防晒指数为50的防晒霜是明智的。) ”可知，这是保护自己不被伤的措施。故空处应该是总结性的话。G选项“不采取措施保护自己，你就不能在阳光下玩得高兴。”符合语境，故选G。 4．根据上文“Sunburnt skin is red, hot to touch, can feel sore and itchy, and even may blister. (晒伤的皮肤发红，触模有灼热感，会疼痛或发痒，甚至会起水) ”以及下文“Don’t put ice on it, and try not to scratch peeling skin. It’s important to tell an adult straight away if you feel unwell. (不要在上面放冰，尽量不要抓去脱皮的皮肤。如果你感到不舒服，马上告诉成年人是很重要的。) ”可知，空前进的是晒伤的皮肤的症状，空后进的是晒伤后的措施，空处应该提到晒伤应该怎么办，和空后语境衔接。选F选项“如果晒伤了，在凉水中冲洗，并目涂抹晒后修复凝胶。”符合语境，故选F。 5．根据上文“It’s sensible to be careful but playing in the sun is also good for your mood and your health. (小心是明智的，但是在阳光下玩耍对你的心情和健康也有好处。) ”及设空处位置可知，此处在进在阳光下玩要的好处，所以空处应该是总结性话语。A选项“所以，出去玩得高兴。”符合语境，故选A。 （23-24高二上·甘肃天水·期中）How to Become a Lifelong Learner There are no age limits when it comes to education. Being a lifelong learner is all about maintaining your curiosity and love for learning. 1 Identify your learning style. Everyone has a preferred way to approach information. Determine your own favorite learning style. 2 Make use of them as much as practical, such as viewing online tutorials on websites if you’re more of a visual learner. Read every single day. 3 Reading is an entrance to the minds of your fellow human beings. Through reading you will be amazed by the incredible creativity, intelligence of the human species. And reading will help you to learn the discoveries and mistakes of others who have gone ahead of you. Create something. Flexing your creative muscles can help you learn about yourself. 4 In fact, some powerful learning happens when you are creating something for yourself. Creation, like intelligence, can be artistic or scientific; physical or intellectual. Teach others. Teaching is a wonderful way to learn a subject better and improve your own understanding of it. Conveying the information you absorb will help you process better. 5 In teaching others how to learn things, you will find that you learn even more than the students. As a saying goes, it is never too late to learn, so we should persist in lifelong learning. A．Not all learning comes from outside you. B．Joseph Joubert once said that “To teach is to learn twice.” C．Here are some ways that you can keep chasing knowledge. D．Note what learning techniques are the most efficient for you. E．Even if it’s just a few pages, the habit will help you learn a ton. F．By equipping students with tools, teachers are helping them with their futures. G．Some people understand information better when it’s presented in a visual way. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．E 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了成为终身学习者的四个方法。 1．根据上文“There are no age limits when it comes to education. Being a lifelong learner is all about maintaining your curiosity and love for learning. (在教育方面没有年龄限制。做一个终身学习者就是要保持你的好奇心和对学习的热爱。)”介绍了终身学习的内涵，且后文主要介绍了四种成为终身学习者的方法。故C选项“这里有一些方法可以让你继续追求知识。”符合语境。故选C。 2．根据上文“Identify your learning style. Everyone has a preferred way to approach information. Determine your own favorite learning style. (确定你的学习方式。每个人都有自己喜欢的获取信息的方式。确定自己最喜欢的学习方式。)”说明了确定你最喜欢的学习风格，结合后文“Make use of them as much as practical, such as viewing online tutorials on websites if you’re more of a visual learner. (尽可能多地利用它们，比如如果你是一个视觉学习者，可以在网站上观看在线教程。)”提到了利用某些东西，可知本句是在说明后文them指代的内容，故D选项“注意哪些学习技巧对你来说最有效的。”符合语境，空后的them指代D选项里的learning techniques。故选D。 3．本段的主题“Read every single day.(每天阅读)”可知，本句主要说明阅读习惯的好处。故E选项“即使只读几页，坚持这个习惯也能帮你学到很多东西。”符合语境。E选项中的habit指代“Read every sing day”。故选E。 4．根据上文“Create something. Flexing your creative muscles can help you learn about yourself. (创造一些东西。展示你的创造力可以帮助你了解自己)”可知，本段的主题是创造事物。空前创造能让你学到很多东西，根据后文“In fact, some powerful learning happens when you are creating something for yourself. (事实上，当你为自己创造一些东西时，就会发生一些强大的学习。)”可知，本句旨在说明为自己创造，发自内部学习。故A选项“并非所有的学习都来自外部。”符合语境，故选A。 5．本段主题是教授他人。根据上文“Conveying the information you absorb will help you process better. (传达你吸收的信息会帮助你更好地处理。)”提到教授你吸收的信息将有助于你更好地消化它，可知本句是在说明通过教学来学习，故B选项“约瑟夫·朱伯特曾经说过：‘教学就是学习两次。’”符合语境，另外空后“In teaching others how to learn things, you will find that you learn even more than the students. (在教别人如何学习的过程中，你会发现你学到的甚至比学生还多)。”进一步解释这个名言。故选B。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$