Unit 10 You’re supposed to shake hands.(你应该握手。)（同步写作讲义）英语人教版九年级全一册

Unit 10 You’re supposed to shake hands. 单元写作指导与演练 近三年考情分析 话题 考查热度 礼仪、习俗(Customs) ★ 介绍风俗习惯和应该做的事 ★ 一、话题分析 本单元话题为“礼仪、习俗(Customs)”，属于说明文的范畴，学生通过了解一些国家的风俗习惯、文化差异、饮食文化、生活方式、餐桌礼仪、文化习俗等方面的知识,能够运用得体的语言谈论不同国家的习俗和你应该做的事，能够正确运用be supposed/expected to + infinitive结构表示应该或被期望做某事，写一封向外国朋友介绍中国文化习俗的信。 二、教学目标 1.知识目标 (1)复习本单元的重点单词、常用表达、句型和语法。 2.能力目标 (1)正确运用be supposed/expected to + infinitive结构表示应该或被期望做某事。 (2)能正确使用It is adj. to do sth,结构。 (3)能够谈论不同国家的习俗和你应该做的事。 (4)能够写一封向外国朋友介绍中国文化习俗的信。 3.学习策略 能借助记笔记或要点归纳的方式加强语言记忆，使短时记忆转化为长期记忆 4.文化情感知识 了解各国文化背景、礼仪习俗，学会在不同场合的得体表现，提升跨文化意识情感目标。 三、写作步骤 (一)总分总结构 短文通常分为三个部分： 第一步，表明写作意图。开门见山提出介绍中国的文化习俗；   第二步，具体阐述各种文化习俗，包括餐桌礼仪，节日传统等；   第三步，书写结语，呼应主题。   (2) 人称 此类话题文章通常使用第一、二人称，具体按照题目要求确定。 (三)时态 此类话题文章，通常时态为“一般现在时”。 ( 人称:第一 /二 人称 ) ( 审题 ) ( 时态 : 一般现在时 ) ( ① I am so happy to know that ... ② I’d like to give you some advice. ) ( 开篇点题 ) ( 礼仪、习俗 ) ( ① Firstly, you are supposed .. . ② Secondly, when you’re ... ③ Y ou are not supposed to. .. ④ At last, you shouldn ’ t . . . ) ( 礼仪、习俗 ) ( 写作框架 ) ( ① I hope my words will be useful. ②Good luck and have a great time! ③ That’s all. Waiting for your reply. ) ( 结尾 ) 不同的地方有不同的风俗习惯，饮食也如此。现在某国外美食杂志向你约稿，请以“How we eat in China”为题，并参考要点写一篇短文，向西方读者介绍我们中国的饮食文化。90词左右。 要点： 1. What time are lunch and dinner served in China? 2. How do people in China eat food? 3. How do people in China behave politely while eating with the old? 4. How do we know that a meal is over in China? How we eat in China ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】例文： How we eat in China Meals in China are different in some ways from meals in the West. First,in China,lunch is usually served at about 12 o'clock.As for dinner,Chinese people eat it much earlier than people in the West.Second,chopsticks are used to eat most food.Third,it is impossible of the young eat first while eating with the old.You're supposed to wait for the old to begin eating. Finally, Chinese people like to talk about food,so it's a good topic during a meal. When you're in China,watch Chinese and do as they do!You will have a good trip in China! 【详解】1.题干解读：本文是一篇材料作文，以“How we eat in China为题，根据题目所以提示要点，写一篇短文，向西方读者介绍我们中国的饮食文化。 2.写作指导：本文以一般现在时为主，采用第二和第三人称；第一段介绍中国的饮食在有些方面和西方国家不同；第二段详细介绍中国用餐时间以及食物，包括餐桌礼仪等。最后一段对全文进行总结，可自由发挥，保证叙述完整。 【词汇积累】 1、 ‌节日习俗‌ (1) ‌春节习俗‌ 1.greet the New Year‌拜年 2.paste Spring Festival couplets‌贴春联 3.fire crackers‌放鞭炮 4.‌Spring Festival‌春节 5.fire crackers放鞭炮 (二)‌圣诞习俗‌ 1.hang Christmas stockings‌挂圣诞袜 2.sing Christmas carols‌唱圣诞歌‌ 3.Christmas shopping‌圣诞购物‌ 4.Christmas‌圣诞 (三)‌中秋习俗‌ 1.admire the full moon‌赏月 2.eat mooncakes‌吃月饼 3.‌carry lanterns‌提灯笼 (四)‌万圣习俗‌ 1.‌dress up as ghosts‌扮鬼 2.trick-or-treat‌不给糖就捣蛋‌ 2、 饮食习惯、文化差异、餐桌礼仪词汇‌ (一)‌饮食习惯词汇‌ 1.‌taste preference‌口味偏好 2.love spicy food喜辣 3.‌dietary habit‌饮食习惯 4.three meals a day一日三餐 (二)‌文化差异词汇‌ 1.‌table atmosphere‌餐桌氛围 2.communication habit‌交流习惯 3.chat while eating边吃边聊 (三)‌餐桌礼仪词汇‌ 1.‌polite phrases‌礼貌用语 2.help yourself请慢用 3.use communal chopsticks使用公筷 【句型积累】 一、文化习俗 ‌传承文化，铭记习俗。‌ Inherit culture, remember customs, and let traditions thrive in modern society. 传承文化，铭记习俗，让传统在现代社会中焕发新生。 二、餐桌礼仪 ‌礼仪之邦，餐桌见礼。‌ A land of etiquette, table manners reflect civilization in every detail. 礼仪之邦，餐桌见礼，细节之处彰显文明风范。 三、文化差异 ‌尊重差异，共赏多元。‌ 1.Respect cultural differences and appreciate the beauty of diversity. 尊重文化差异，共赏世界多元之美。 2.Different countries have different customs. 不同的国家有不同的习俗。 四、饮食文化 ‌品味美食，感悟文化。‌ Taste delicious food and appreciate the profound cultural heritage behind it. 品味美食，感悟饮食背后的深厚文化底蕴。 五、风俗习惯 ‌习俗各异，共情共融。‌ 1.Different customs and habits, with empathy and integration, promote cultural exchange. 各地风俗习惯各异，共情共融，促进文化交流。 2.Let me give you some suggestions about Chinese customs. 让我给你一些关于中国习俗的建议。 3.First, you are supposed to shake hands when you meet someone for the first time. 首先，当你第一次见到某人时，你应该握手。 4.It's impolite to point at others with your chopsticks. 用筷子指着别人是不礼貌的。 六、谈论不同国家的习俗和你应该做的事 1.What are you supposed to do when you meet someone for the first time? 当你第一次见到某人时，你应该做什么？ 2.You're supposed to shake hands. 你们应该握手。 3.Am I supposed to wear jeans? 我应该穿牛仔裤吗？ 4.No, you're expected to wear a suit and tie. 不，你应该穿西装打领带。 5.Is it important to be on time? 准时重要吗？ 6.Yes, it's important to be on time. 是的，准时很重要。 七、be supposed/expected to + infinitive结构表示应该或被期望做某事 1.What are you supposed to do when you meet someone for the first time? 当你第一次见到某人时，你应该做什么？ 2.You're supposed to shake hands. You're not supposed to kiss. 你应该握手。你不应该接吻。 3.When were you supposed to arrive? 你什么时候到？ 4.Am I expected to wear jeans? 我应该穿牛仔裤吗？ 八、It is adj. to do sth结构 1.Is it impolite to keep others waiting? 让别人等是不礼貌的吗？ 2.It's important to be on time. 准时很重要。 【俗语谚语】 一、‌文化习俗‌ 1.Do as the Romans do. 入乡随俗。 2.Different places have different customs. 百里不同风，千里不同俗。 二、‌餐桌礼仪‌ Don't talk when eating or sleeping. 食不言寝不语。 三、‌文化差异‌ Every ten li has a different wind. 十里不同风。 四、‌饮食文化‌ ‌Food is the paramount necessity of the people. 民以食为天。 五、‌风俗习惯‌ Custom becomes nature. 习惯成自然。 【参考范文】 (一) Dear Li Wei, I am happy to hear that you are going to South Korea for further study.Life in South Korea is not difficult,but you should know some customs before you go in order to make your life there easier. In South Korea,you are supposed to bow when you meet someone.The table manners there are a bit different from those in China.You are not supposed to make noise while eating or pick up your bowl.You should put your rice bowl on your left and your soup bowl on your right.If you are invited to a South Korean's house,you'd better take off your shoes,so it is rude if you don't wear your socks.By the way,if you are invited to a dinner party,remember to bring a small gift. I hope you will have a good time in South Korea. Yours Zhao Ming (二) Dear Thomas, How are you?You asked me about the Lantern Festival.It is one of Chinese traditional festivals.We have it at the end of the Spring Festival.Usually,we eat sweet rice dumplings called yuanxiao.We go out to watch colorful lanterns and guess lantern riddles with our family.We also let off fire crackers for fun.How interesting it is!We like the Lantern Festival very much. By the way,can you tell me what your favorite festival is?I am looking forward to your reply. Yours, Liu Ming 【词汇积累】 一、翻译 1．餐桌礼仪 2．家规 3．给某人一些建议 4．期待 5．出现；露面 6．在不同的情况下 【答案】 1．table manners 2．house rules 3．give sb some suggestions/advice 4．look forward to 5．show up 6．in different situations 二、单词默写 7．v.& n. 鞠躬 8．adj.空的；空洞的 9．n.风俗；习俗 10．v.&n.亲吻；接吻 11．v.和……打招呼；迎接 →n.问候 12．v.重视；珍视 n.价值 →adj.珍贵的；有价值的 13．v.休息；放松 →adj.放松的；自在的 →adj.令人放松的 【答案】 7．bow 8．empty 9．custom 10．kiss 11. greet greeting 12．value valuable 13．relax relaxed relaxing 三、短语默写 14．切碎 15．露面；出现 16．习惯于 17．举止得体 18．轻松做某事 19．特地；格外努力 20．使（某人）感到宾至如归 21．对做某事感觉很好 【答案】 14．cut up 15．show up 16．get used to 17．behave properly 18．be comfortable doing sth. 19．go out of one’s way 20．make ... feel at home 21．feel good about doing sth. 【句子积累】 一、完成句子 22．我最大的挑战是学习如何在餐桌上表现。 My biggest challenge is learning at the dinner table. 【答案】 how to behave 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺少“如何表现”，应用“疑问词+to do”结构，how“如何”，behave“表现”。故填how；to；behave。 23．在你去一个国家之前，花时间了解它的风俗是值得的。 It the time to learn about the customs of a country before you go there. 【答案】 is worth spending 【详解】be worth doing sth.“值得做某事”，spend time“花费时间”。结合题干和语境，可知句子用一般现在时，主语是“It”，此时be动词用is。故填is；worth；spending。 24．当我们见面的时候，男孩握手，女孩亲吻对方的脸颊是礼貌的。 When we see other other, and for girls on the side of the face. 【答案】 it’s polite for boys to shake hands to kiss each other 【详解】根据中英文对照，空处使用固定句型“it’s + 形容词(for sb) + to do sth”，意为“做某事对于某人来说是……的”；polite“礼貌的”；boys“男孩”，复数表泛指；shake hands“握手”，动词短语；kiss each other“亲吻对方”。故填it’s；polite；for；boys；to；shake；hands；to；kiss；each；other。 25．学习在社交场合你应该做什么和不应该做什么可能是困难的，但如果你想了解另一种文化，再麻烦那也是值得的。 what your are supposed to do and in social situations may be difficult, but it is if you want to understand . 【答案】 Learning not supposed to do worth the trouble another culture 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，learn“学习”，动词，此处是动名词作主语，第一个空应填learning，且位于句首，首字母要大写；be not supposed to do sth.“不应该做某事”，固定短语；worth“值得的”，形容词；the“这个”，定冠词，表特指；trouble“麻烦”，名词；another“另一个”，culture“文化”，another culture“另一种文化”。故填 Learning；not；supposed；to；do；worth；the；trouble；another；culture。 100．如果有人中午邀请你去见他/她，那么你应该中午到那里。 26.If someone invites you to meet him or her at noon, then there at noon. 【答案】 you’re expected to be 【详解】根据中英文对照，空处表达“你应该”，you“你”，be expected to do“期望做，应该做”，空处为一般现在时，主语为you，be动词应用are，you are可缩写为you’re；be there“在那里”。故填you’re；expected；to；be。 27．在你们国家，当你与某人初次见面时，你应该做什么？ In your country, what you do when you meet someone for the first time? 【答案】 are supposed to 【详解】表示“应做某事”用be supposed to do，主语是you，疑问词what后面接be动词are，主语后面接supposed to do。故填are；supposed；to。 28．我遇到一个叫佐藤的日本男孩，我刚一伸出手，他就鞠了一躬。 I met a Japanese boy Sato, and I my hand, he bowed. 【答案】 called/named  as soon as held out 【详解】根据题意，第一空应填“叫作”，可用called或named，是过去分词作后置定语；第二空应填“一……就……”，可用as soon as，引导时间状语从句；第三空应填“伸出”，用hold out。根据“met”可知，句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式held。故填called/named；as；soon；as；held；out。 29．嗯，一方面，我不知道如何使用好筷子。 Well, , I don’t know chopsticks very well. 【答案】 for one thing how to use 【详解】根据中英文对照，空处表达“一方面”及“如何使用”，for one thing“一方面”，介词短语；how to use“如何使用”，此处为how引导的宾语从句。故填for；one；thing；how；to；use。 30．希望我回电话吗？ Am I call back? 31．用筷子指着人是不礼貌的。 It's to people with chopsticks. 32．别把你的手插进嘴里。 Don't your hand your mouth. 33．你介意敲打空碗吗？ Would you mind bowl? 34．在法国，你应该把面包放在桌子上。 In France, you're your bread on the table. 35．敲打空碗是不礼貌的。 It's to hit the bowl. 【答案】30．expected to 31．impolite point at 32．stick into 33．hitting an empty 34．supposed to put 35．impolite empty 二、根据所给汉语完成英语句子。 36．—在你们国家，你第一次遇见一个人应该干什么？   —你应该握手。 —In your country, what are you supposed to do when you meet someone __ ? —You’re supposed to . 37．—在朝鲜，人们第一次见面应该干什么？  —应该鞠躬。 —What are people in Korea when they meet for the first time? —They’re supposed to . 38．哦，挺不错的，但是我犯了一些错误，应该7点到；可我8点才到的。 Well, it was OK, but I . I at 7:00, but I arrived at 8:00. 39．你本应该问问你应该穿什么的。 You what you were supposed to wear. 40．昨晚为外国学生举办的欢迎晚会怎么样？ How was the for foreign students last night? 【答案】 36. for the first time shake hands 37．supposed to do bow 38．made some mistakes was supposed to arrive 39．should have asked 40．welcoming party (一) （24-25九年级全册·全国·Unit 10课后作业）假如你是张敏，你的美国笔友Tina发来电子邮件，说她下周要来中国，但对中国的风俗习惯、见面礼仪及餐桌礼仪了解很少，于是向你寻求帮助，请你给她回一封电子邮件，告诉她有关中国风俗习惯、见面礼仪及餐桌礼仪的情况。 内容包括： 1.中国人第一次见面时握手； 2.去别人家做客的注意事项：不能送钟，不能送菊花（chrysanthemums）； 3.餐桌礼仪的不同：我们用筷子就餐；就餐时不能用筷子指着别人；就餐时不可以多说话等。 写作方法指导与操练 【我的完整作品——书写美观，可适当发挥】 Dear Tina, I am so happy to know that you are coming to China next week. ___________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours Zhang Min 【答案】例文: Dear Tina, I am so happy to know that you are coming to China next week. You ask me something about Chinese customs. Let me tell you some of them. In China, people are supposed to shake hands when they meet for the first time. If you are invited to their homes, you should remember some taboos. You can bring some fruits. But don’t bring a clock as a gift. It sounds like “death” in Chinese. Flowers are a good choice except chrysanthemums, because they are used for the people passed away. When you are at the dinner table, try to use s chopsticks. Don’t point to others with the chopsticks or stick them into the rice. You’d better not talk when your mouth is full. I hope these advice is helpful for you. Looking forward to your arrival. Yours Zhang Min 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇说明文，为材料作文； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，写作时根据提示信息介绍中国的风俗习惯、见面礼仪及餐桌礼仪等。可适当增加细节，突出写作要点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，对缇娜的到来表示欢迎，引出话题； 第二步，根据提示信息具体介绍中国的见面礼仪、风俗习惯、餐桌礼仪等； 第三步，书写结语。表达对缇娜到来的期待。 [亮点词汇] ①be supposed to do sth.被期望做某事 ②shake hands握手 ③be invited to被邀请 ④chrysanthemums菊花 ⑤chopsticks筷子 ⑥look forward to期待 [高分句型] ①If you are invited to their homes, you should remember some taboos. (if引导的条件状语从句) ②Flowers are a good choice except chrysanthemums, because they are used for the people passed away.(because引导的原因状语从句) (二) （2024·北京朝阳·二模）假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Peter受邀到一位中国朋友家做客吃饭。他不知道去中国家庭做客的一些礼仪，向你发邮件求助。请你用英文给他回复。告诉Peter一些基本的礼仪以及你的具体建议。 提示词语：shake hands, serve tea, use chopsticks, wait to eat 提示问题：·What are some manners about visiting a Chinese family? ·What’s your advice to help Peter? Dear Peter, How is it going?_________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I hope this is helpful. Email me if you have any other questions. Yours, Li Hua 【答案】例文 Dear Peter, How is it going? I’m glad to introduce some manners when visiting a Chinese family. We usually shake hands with people and smile when we meet them for the first time. We always serve fruit and tea to show our politeness when visitors come to our home. I’d like to give you some advice. First, as you know, we Chinese use chopsticks instead of knives and forks. It’s a good idea to get some practice beforehand. Second, when the food is served, you should wait until you’re invited to eat. Third, you’d better join the conversation about the big meal and say how much you like it. I hope this is helpful. Email me if you have any other questions. Yours, Li Hua 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一封电子邮件； ②时态：本文应使用“一般现在时”为主； ③提示：写作要点应注意题干给出的“介绍来中国家庭做客的一些礼仪”并适当补充，使文章内容充实。 [写作步骤] 第一步，表示乐意提供建议； 第二步，根据题干中的要点，详细介绍一些做客需要注意的事项； 第三步，给出建议，表示欢迎提问并收尾。 [亮点词汇] ①for the first times第一次 ②instead of而不是 [高分句型] ①We usually shake hands with people and smile when we meet them for the first time.（when引导时间状语从句） ②It’s a good idea to get some practice beforehand.（it is+名词+to do sth句型） (三) （2024·安徽芜湖·一模）假如你是李辉，你的一位英国笔友Kate发来电子邮件，说她下星期来中国，她向你询问中国的餐桌礼仪。请你根据下面提示给她回一封电子邮件，告诉她有关情况。词数80~100。参考词汇： toast (vt. 为……举杯敬酒) 提示： 1. 等大家都到齐了再开吃； 2. 让长辈或客人先动筷； 3. 不能用筷子敲碗； 4. 不要将手伸到饭桌对面夹菜； 5. 为主人的健康、成功干杯…… Dear Kate, I’m glad to receive your email. Now I want to tell you something about the Chinese table manners. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hui 【答案】例文： Dear Kate, I’m glad to receive your email. Now I want to tell you something about the Chinese table manners. In China, we must wait until everyone is at the table. And when the dinner starts, the host doesn’t eat every dish first. He waits for the guests and elders to dig in. We don’t tap bowls with the chopsticks, which is considered impolite. We shouldn’t reach across the table to get something to eat, because in that case, we may break or knock something over. Besides, we usually toast good health or success of the host and thank him for his treat. Hope to see you in China and everything goes well. Yours, Li Hui 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一封电子邮件； ②时态：为“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作的要点提示已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏任何要点，可适当添加细节，使邮件内容意思完整。 [写作步骤] 第一步，承接已给出的开头，并按照内容提示，一一介绍中国的餐桌礼仪； 第二步，书写结语，表示期待见到Kate，并给予祝福。 [亮点词汇] ① in that case 在那种情况下 ② at the table 在餐桌上 ③ everything goes well 一切顺利 [高分句型] ① And when the dinner starts, the host doesn’t eat every dish first. (when引导时间状语从句) ② We don’t tap bowls with the chopsticks, which is considered impolite. (which引导非限制性定语从句) (四) （22-23九年级上·福建福州·期末）假如你是王超，你的英国朋友Katie下个月会来中国旅行，届时她会去她的一位中国朋友家拜访。她给你发来电子邮件说她想要了解一些关于中国在这方面的风俗礼仪。请你根据下面思维导图中的内容提示给Katie回一封电子邮件。 要求：1. 电邮内容包括所有要点提示并适当发挥；2. 80词左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；3. 文中不要出现真实的人名和校名。 Dear Katie, I’m happy that you’ll come to China soon. I’m looking forward to that exciting moment. Now let me tell you some customs in China. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I hope my words will be useful for you to have a good time in China. Yours, Wang Chao 【答案】例文： Dear Katie, I’m happy that you’ll come to China soon. I’m looking forward to that exciting moment. Now let me tell you some customs in China. Firstly, you are supposed to shake hands if you meet your friend’s family for the first time. What’s more, you should take some gifts, such as flowers, fruits and so on. Also, you are expected to be on time, or a few minutes early. Secondly, when you’re at table, you are not supposed to stick chopsticks into food or start eating first if there are old people at the table. It’s impolite to do so. At last, you shouldn’t stay too long after dinner, and remember to thank them for their treat. I hope my words will be useful for you to have a good time in China. Yours, Wang Chao 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一封电子邮件； ②时态：时态以“一般现在时”为主； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏思维导图中所给的风俗要点，适当增加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，题干开头结尾已给出，直接具体阐述写作内容，先进行会见时相关风俗礼仪的描述“握手、带礼物”。 第二步，描写餐桌礼仪“筷子不能插在饭上、有老人不能先吃”。 第三步，描写饭后礼仪“不要待太久、表示感谢”。 [亮点词汇] ① are supposed to shake hands应该握手 ② are expected to be on time被期待准时 ③ stick chopsticks into food把筷子插进饭里 ④ thank them for their treat感谢他们的招待 [高分句型] ① Firstly, you are supposed to shake hands if you meet your friend’s family for the first time.（if引导条件状语从句） ② Secondly, when you’re at table, you are not supposed to stick chopsticks into food or start eating first if there are old people at the table.（when引导时间状语从句，主句中含if引导的条件状语从句） (五) （23-24九年级上·吉林松原·期末）向世界传递中国文化，让世界倾听中国声音。“汉语桥”活动即将展开，世界各国的青少年们即将来到中国体验中国文化。假如你是林嘉，是此次汉语桥活动的推 介官之一。请你从社交礼仪、节日传统、餐桌礼仪等方面向外国小伙伴们介绍我们 中国的文化习俗，以帮助他们更快更好地适应在中国的生活。 要求： 1.内容必须包括关键词及表格中所有要点；2.语句通顺，字迹工整，时态正确；3.文章内容可根据你的了解进行适当拓展；4. 词数在90词左右，开头 已给出，不计入总词数。(不要标注词数) Do Don’t Social customs shake hands kiss; bow Table manners the old start eating first stick chopsticks into the food; talk with a full mouth; hit  an  empty bowl with chopsticks;    point at others with chopsticks... Festival traditions get together; share special food ( mooncakes/zongzi...); admire the moon/watch Dragon Boat races/make dumplings/set fireworks/ say lucky words;wear new clothes... Leave dirty clothes or dishes in the house; say unlucky things; cry; get angry... ... ... ... Hello, everyone! Welcome to China! I’m Lin Jia. Now let me introduce you some customs and manners in China. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文： Hello, everyone! Welcome to China! I’m Lin Jia. Now let me introduce you to some customs and manners in China. In terms of social customs, we greet each other with a friendly handshake. While kisses or bows might be common in other cultures, here, a firm handshake is the norm. When it comes to table manners, it’s considered respectful to wait until the elders start eating. Please avoid sticking your chopsticks upright in your food, talking with a full mouth, hitting an empty bowl with your chopsticks, or pointing at others with them, as these are seen as impolite.   During our traditional festivals, families and friends get together to celebrate. We share special foods such as mooncakes during the Mid-Autumn Festival or zongzi during the Dragon Boat Festival. It’s common to admire the moon, watch dragon boat races, make dumplings, set off fireworks, utter lucky words, and wear new clothes. It’s important to keep the house clean and avoid saying unlucky things, crying, or getting angry during these festive times.   I hope this brief introduction helps you understand and enjoy the rich cultural experiences awaiting you in China! Enjoy your time and embrace the beauty of Chinese customs. 【详解】［总体分析］   ①题材：本文是一篇说明文，是一篇材料作文；   ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；   ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏题目要求中每一项内容，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。   ［写作步骤］   第一步，表明写作意图。开门见山提出介绍中国的文化习俗；   第二步，具体阐述各种文化习俗，包括餐桌礼仪，节日传统等；   第三步，书写结语，希望所有人外国青少年们享受在中国度过的时光。   ［亮点词汇］ ①in terms of就……而言 ②avoid doing sth.避免做某事 ③point at指 ［高分句型］   ①I hope this brief introduction helps you understand and enjoy the rich cultural experiences awaiting you in China!（宾语从句）   ②When it comes to table manners, it’s considered respectful to wait until the elders start eating.（when引导的状语从句） (六) （22-23九年级上·安徽黄山·期末）假如你是李华，你的美国笔友Tina发来电子邮件说她寒假要来中国，但对中国的风俗习惯、见面礼仪及餐桌礼仪了解很少，于是向你寻求帮助，请你给她回一封电子邮件，告诉她有关中国风俗习惯、见面礼仪及餐桌礼仪的情况。 要求： 1) 条理清晰，内容完整，表达准确，书写工整。 2) 可根据内容要点适当增加细节，使行文连贯，80—100 词左右。 Dear Tina, I’m very happy to hear that you’re coming to China next week. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】参考范文： Dear Tina, I’m very happy to hear that you’re coming to China next week. I hope to see you soon. As we all know, different countries have different customs. So the manners in China are very different from those in your country. Let me tell you something about it. First, we Chinese should shake hands when we meet for the first time. Then we greet each other. After that, you can talk about something relaxing. But you had better not talk about someone’s salary, age and so on. Second, we use chopsticks and spoons to have meals at table. Also, it’s bad manners to talk too much when having meals. I hope you’ll have a wonderful time in China. Yours, Li Hua 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇应用文，为电子邮件； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，要注意不要遗漏材料中的三个要点，并适当增加细节。 [写作步骤] ①第一步，表明写作意图。寒暄之后切入主题； ②第二步，具体阐述写作内容。从“风俗习惯、见面礼仪及餐桌礼仪”三个方面重点介绍； ③第三步，书写结语。表达希望Tina来中国过得愉快。 [亮点词汇] ①as we all know 众所周知 ②shake hands 握手 ③had better not do 最好不要做（某事） ④have a wonderful time 过得愉快 [高分句型] ①First, we Chinese should shake hands when we meet for the first time.（when引导的时间状语从句） ②Also, it’s bad manners to talk too much when having meals.（it’s+名词（短语）+to do sth. 表示“做某事是……”，it是形式主语，不定式作句子的真正主语。 ） ③I hope you’ll have a wonderful time in China.（宾语从句） (七) （22-23九年级上·山东临沂·期末）假如你是李华，你的美国笔友Mike为更好地了解你和中国，来邮件询问你一些问题，请你根据问题和提示，用英语给他回一封电子邮件。 Favorite kind of music/movies I prefer/love music/movies that/which... Why I like this kind of music/movies I like...best. Because it/they can make me... How this song/movie makes you feel I feel... when I... School rules We are (not) allowed to... I feel/think it is... I think teenagers should be allowed... Table manners At table, I’m (not) supposed/expected to... It’s polite/impolite to... I think... 要求： 1. 内容必须包含表格左侧所提供的信息，可根据右侧句型提示进行适当发挥。 2. 表达完整，条理清晰，逻辑性强，语句通顺，语言正确无误，书写清晰规范。 3. 词数80词左右，文章开头已经给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Mike, Thank you for your last letter. I am glad to tell you something about myself. I prefer ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best wishes, Li Hua 【答案】例文 Dear Mike, Thank you for your last letter. I am glad to tell you something about myself. I prefer music that I can dance to. I like this kind of music best because it is relaxing. I feel relaxed when I listen to the music. There are many school rules in our school. We are not allowed to be late for school. I think it is good for students. I think teenagers should be allowed to have their own clothes. We also have a lot of table manners. At table, I’m not supposed to stick the chopsticks into the food. It’s impolite to eat first when there are old people. I think we should abide by these rules. That’s all. Waiting for your reply. Best wishes, Li Hua 【详解】[总体分析] ① 题材：本文是一篇电子邮件； ② 时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③ 提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏“提示信息”中“我喜欢的电影或音乐以及原因，我学校的校规以及中国的餐桌礼仪”，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，表明写作意图。借用“亲爱的Mike，谢谢你的最后一封信。”来引出重点介绍的内容； 第二步，具体阐述写作内容。从“我喜欢的音乐以及原因，我对它的感受，我学校的规定以及中国的餐桌礼仪”重点介绍我和中国的具体情况； 第三步，书写结语。表达“等待您的答复。” [亮点词汇] ① a lot of许多 ② at table在餐桌上 [高分句型] ① I like this kind of music best because it is relaxing.（because引导的原因状语从句） ② I think teenagers should be allowed to have their own clothes.（省略that的宾语从句） (八) （22-23九年级上·山西阳泉·期末）不同的国家有不同的风俗习惯。请根据以下信息，写一篇不少于80词的短文，介绍各国不同的餐桌礼仪。 中国人 用筷子吃饭，嘴巴不应该在进餐时发出响声 日本人 吃面条时嘴巴发出响声是礼貌的，表示食物美味和感谢 西方人 用刀叉进食，一餐可能会用到多套刀叉，欧洲的餐桌礼仪比美国更复杂些 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Different countries have different customs. Let’s have a look at the table manners. In China, people use chopsticks to eat and they are supposed to eat without making a noise. But in Japan, it's polite to make a noise when you are eating noodles, because that means the fond is delicious and you thank the meal maker. In Western countries, people use the knife and fork at table. But American table manners are simpler than those in Europe. Western people may use more than one set of knife and fork at dinner. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：为一般现在时； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏，适当添加细节，突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，引出话题餐桌礼仪； 第二步，分别介绍三个地方的人的不同餐桌礼仪。 [亮点词汇] ①be supposed to被认为 ②more than多于 [高分句型] ①But American table manners are simpler than those in Europe. （比较级） (九) （22-23九年级上·山东淄博·期中）请根据Unit 5所学内容，用自己的话简单介绍一下林月的情况。内容包括： 1. 林月为什么去法国？到达之前她感觉如何？她的寄宿家庭是怎样让她感到宾至如归的？ 2. 她在法国最大的挑战是什么？法国的餐桌礼仪和我们的有什么不同？至少举三个例子。 3. 请表达一下你对“入乡随俗。”这句话的看法。 要求： 1. 语句通顺，语法正确。 2. 词数100词以上。 3. 不得出现真实的学校和姓名。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Linyue is a nice girl who studies in a middle school.She just went to France last week,and let me tell you about her trip to France. Linyue went to France because she had always wanted to go there.Before she arrived there,she felt very excited because it was her first time going to a foreign country alone.She read many books about France on the plane,and she couldn't wait to see France with her own eyes.Her mother also contacted a family and asked her to stay with them during her stay in France.When she arrived there,her family warmly welcomed her.She got her own room and ate with everyone at the same table.Everyone is friendly to her and she is very happy.For her,the biggest challenge of staying in France is not knowing much French.She didn't know much French so it was hard for her to talk to other people.Another thing is that the French have different dietary habits from their country.When they are eating,they don't speak to each other.They also always put their hands on the table,and no one reaches for food.During Linyue's stay,she learnt many manners and habits o the French,and after a few days,she felt like she was at home. Just as the saying goes,“When you are in Rome,do as the Romans do”.I think that after we go to a foreign country,it is important to earn the habits of the people in that country and do what they do. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态以“一般过去时”为主； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏“提示信息”中“林月去法国的原因，感受，寄宿家庭给她的感受，法国餐桌礼仪的不同，在法国她最大的挑战，以及对于‘入乡随俗’的看法”,适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，表明写作意图。借用“林月是一个在中学学习的好女孩。”来引出重点介绍的内容； 第二步，具体阐述写作内容。从“去法国的原因，去前的感受，到达法国后和寄宿家庭之间的感受，法国用餐礼仪的不同，遇到的挑战”重点介绍林月在法国的具体情况； 第三步，书写结语。表达“我认为，在我们去了一个外国之后，学习那个国家人民的习惯并做他们所做的事情是很重要的。” [亮点词汇] ①at the same table同桌 ②as the saying goes俗话说 [高分句型] ①Linyue is a nice girl who studies in a middle school.(who引导的定语从句) ②Linyue went to France because she had always wanted to go there.(because引导的原因状语从句) (十) （2023·湖南长沙·三模）俗话说：“民以食为天”。中国的饮食文化历史悠久，举世闻名，假如你是学生会主席李华，今年暑假一批外国朋友要到你的学校参加文化交流夏令营。作为学生代表，请你以“When in China, Eat as the Chinese Eat”为题，根据表格提示写一篇小短文，向对方介绍去中国家庭聚餐时的餐桌礼仪。 注意： （1）短文必须包括表格中的所有要点，并补充信息，适当发挥。 （2）文中不得出现真实的人名和校名。 （3）词数80-100，标题和开头已给出，不计入总词数。 When in China, Eat as the Chinese Eat Before dinner: Manners: wash our hands； wait for the eldest… Reasons: pay attention to health； show respect（尊重）to… At dinner: Manners: eat with chopsticks； … Reasons: … After dinner: Manners: help to clear the table； … Reasons: …     Meaning of having dinner together: enhance（增强）the sense of happiness; provide a good chance to… When in China, Eat as the Chinese Eat Food is the first necessity of the people, In China, we value the time of having dinner with our family, friends and others. If you’re invited to have dinner in others’ home, _______________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】例文 When in China, Eat as the Chinese Eat Food is the first necessity of the people, In China, we value the time of having dinner with our family, friends and others. If you’re invited to have dinner in others’ home, there are some table manners we need to remember. We must wash our hands before dinner because we should pay attention to our health. And waiting for the eldest person takes their seat first to show our respect. We eat with chopsticks because they are the traditional culture. But it is impolite to stick chopsticks into the bowl. After dinner, we can help to clear the table to express our gratitude. Chinese people like to eat together because it can enhance the sense of happiness and provide a good chance to communicate with each other. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，分别列举用餐前后的礼仪与原因； 第二步，表明一起用餐的意义。 [亮点词汇] ①pay attention to注意 ②take one’s seat坐下 ③communicate with和……交流 [高分句型] ①There are some table manners we need to remember.（省略that的定语从句） ②And waiting for the eldest person takes their seat first to show our respect.（动名词作主语） ③But it is impolite to stick chopsticks into the bowl.（不定式作主语） (十一) （2023·山东聊城·一模）假如你是李华，你的澳大利亚笔友Tony即将来到中国，他想向你了解一下中国人的生活方式和中国的传统习俗。请你根据下面的提示用英语给Tony写一封邮件，对此简单介绍并对他的到来表示期待和欢迎。 要点提示： 第一次见面时 握手或者点头示意 用餐时 用筷子而不是刀叉，边吃边聊 过生日时 吃蛋糕，收到生日礼物，双手接礼物 过春节时 …… 注意事项： 1. 短文词数：80左右。 2. 短文必须包含以上内容，但可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 3. 文中不得出现真实的人名和地名。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文： Dear Tony, I’m happy to hear that you will come to China. You have asked me about Chinese way of life and traditions. Here are some of my ideas. First, when Chinese people meet for the first time, they shake hands or nod their heads. Second, we use chopsticks instead of knives and forks. Most people like to chat with others during the meal. Third, on birthdays we usually have a birthday cake and get presents. We should accept presents with both hands. Besides, Spring Festival is the most important festival in China. People have a traditional family dinner together. Children get hongbao which means lucky money. You’d better not have your hair cut during the Spring Festival month. I am looking forward to seeing you soon. I hope you like China very much. Yours, Li Hua 【详解】[总体分析] 题材：本文是电子邮件； 时态：时态为“一般现在时”； 提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意围绕“信息提示”介绍中国人的生活方式和中国的传统习俗。 [写作步骤] 第一步，引入正文； 第二步，介绍中国人的生活方式和中国的传统习俗； 第三步，对他的到来表达期待和欢迎。 [亮点词汇] ① for the first time 第一次 ② instead of 代替 ③ look forward to 期盼 [高分句型] ① First, when Chinese people meet for the first time, they shake hands or nod their heads.（使用when引导时间状语从句） ② I hope you like China very much.（使用宾语从句） (十二) （21-22九年级上·湖北十堰·期末）刚到中国来学习不久的John应中国同学的邀请去他家里做客，为此John向已熟悉中国习俗的Bob请教守时、送小礼物及餐桌礼仪等方面的习俗。假设你是Bob，请你给John回一封电子邮件，告诉他应懂得的事情。 要求： 1. 根据提示要点，选用恰当的词句进行行文构思，注意语言通顺，表达清晰，过渡自然，可适当发挥； 2. 词数在80—100，邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词汇。 Dear John, I know that you will be invited to your Chinese classmate’s home. If you do the following, I don’t think you will feel uncomfortable. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Good luck and have a great time! 【答案】例文 Dear John, I know that you will be invited to your Chinese classmate’s home. If you do the following, I don’t think you will feel uncomfortable. First, you should arrive a little earlier or on time. Being late is impolite. Second, it’s also good to bring a gift such as some flowers or fruit. Third, you will probably use chopsticks to have dinner. Remember not to stick your chopsticks into your food. You aren’t supposed to point at anyone with your chopsticks. Another thing is that you aren’t expected to use your chopsticks to hit an empty bowl. You’d better say that the food is delicious while you are eating. Finally, after dinner, showing thanks is also necessary. And you are not supposed to stay long after dinner. Good luck and have a great time! 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：应用文 ②时态：一般现在时 ③提示：题目要求根据提示给John回封电子邮件，向他介绍去中国家庭里做客需要注意的事项，写作时注意过渡自然，适当发挥。 [写作步聚] 第一步，先总体介绍写作目的。 第二步，依次介绍到中国家庭里做客需要注意的事项。 第三步，最后表达祝愿。 [亮点词汇] ①on time准时 ②such as比如 ③be supposed to应该 [高分句型] ①First, you should arrive a little earlier or on time.（副词的比较级） ②Remember not to stick your chopsticks into your food.（祈使句） (一) （2022·北京·中考真题）假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Chris对中国文化很感兴趣，他给你发来邮件，询问中国人日常生活中的基本社交礼仪，如待人接物、餐桌礼仪等。请你用英语回复一封邮件，介绍你所知道的相关礼仪。 提示词语：manners, shake hands, polite, gift, chopsticks 提示问题：· What do we do when we meet people for the first time? · How do we behave properly at table? Dear Chris, I’m glad to know that you’re interested in Chinese social manners._________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I hope the above is helpful. Please feel free to ask for more information. Yours, Li Hua 【答案】例文 Dear Chris, I’m glad to know that you’re interested in Chinese social manners. China is a country with a long history, so there are many customs here. Let me tell you some of them. Firstly, you are supposed to shake hands when you meet someone for the first time. Secondly, you should bring a gift when you are invited to a party and be sure to arrive on time or a few minutes earlier. Thirdly, when you eat meals with others, it’s rude to point at others with your chopsticks. And don’t make noise when you have your soup. I hope the above is helpful. Please feel free to ask for more information. Yours, Li Hua 【详解】1.题干解读：本文是一篇邮件作文。要求根据提示问题，给Chris介绍中国人日常生活中的基本社交礼仪，注意要点齐全，可适当发挥。 2.写作指导：写作时要以第二人称来介绍，时态用一般现在时。作文可分为三段，第一段引出话题；第二段从待人接物、餐桌礼仪方面给出建议；第三段收尾。要保证语言连贯，无语法和拼写错误。 (二) （2022·山东枣庄·中考真题）假如你是李华，你的笔友Mark将要来你家做客，向你询问如何在中国举止得当。请根据下面的提示，给Mark写一封80~100词的回信。把答案写在答题卡上相应位置。（可能用到的单词：chopsticks筷子） 1. 见面礼仪。     2. 餐桌礼仪。      3. 外出礼仪。   Dear Mark, I am glad to hear that you are coming to China soon. I’d like to give you some suggestions on how to behave properly in China. When you come to my house,_______________________________________________________ When you are eating with us, _______________________________________________________ Before you go outside, ____________________________________________________________ A safe trip to you and I hope to meet you soon!     Best wishes, Li Hua 【答案】例文 Dear Mark, I am glad to hear that you are coming to China soon. I’d like to give you some suggestions on how to behave properly in China. When you come to my house, you need to buy some small gifts, such as some fruit. This is the basic etiquette for Chinese guests when they visit others. When you are eating with us, you should let the elders move their chopsticks first before we eat. Don’t make too much noise while eating. It’s impolite to point at others with your chopsticks or stick your chopsticks into the food. Before you go outside, you need to say goodbye to others. It’s polite. A safe trip to you and I hope to meet you soon! Best wishes, Li Hua 【详解】1.题干解读：本文是一篇书信作文。根据提示内容，给Mark一封信，告诉他如何在中国举止得当。 2.写作指导：本文时态采用一般现在时；人称以第二人称为主。写作时需包含三个要点：见面礼仪；餐桌礼仪；外出礼仪。承接作文每段开头，展开叙述，确保语句通顺，无单词语法错误。 (三) （2022·黑龙江·中考真题）假如你是李华， 你的一位笔友约翰发来一封邮件， 说他下星期来中国，他向你询问中国的餐桌礼仪。请你至少用三种句式写五条中国的餐桌礼仪。 1. ______________________________________________________________________________ 2. ______________________________________________________________________________ 3. ______________________________________________________________________________ 4. ______________________________________________________________________________ 5. ______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 1. In China, you’re not supposed to stick your chopsticks into the food. 2. In China, the youngest person isn’t expected to start eating first. 3. In China, it’s impolite to use your chopsticks to hit an empty bowl. 4. In China, it’s impolite to point at anyone with your chopsticks. 5. In China, you shouldn’t reach across the table to pick certain foods. (合理即可) 【详解】1. 题干解读：题目要求根据提示要点，写出中国的餐桌礼仪方面的建议，可以适当的发挥，写作时要运用正确的英语表达，要选用恰当的词汇和短语。 2. 写作指导：写作时要用不同的句式介绍，应该用第二人称来介绍；时态采用一般现在时，提出建议可以多用情态动词；介绍时文字要简洁，内容要明确，无语法和单词错误。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 10 You’re supposed to shake hands. 单元写作指导与演练 近三年考情分析 话题 考查热度 礼仪、习俗(Customs) ★ 介绍风俗习惯和应该做的事 ★ 一、话题分析 本单元话题为“礼仪、习俗(Customs)”，属于说明文的范畴，学生通过了解一些国家的风俗习惯、文化差异、饮食文化、生活方式、餐桌礼仪、文化习俗等方面的知识,能够运用得体的语言谈论不同国家的习俗和你应该做的事，能正确运用be supposed/expected to + infinitive结构表示应该或被期望做某事，写一封向外国朋友介绍中国文化习俗的信。 二、教学目标 1.知识目标 (1)复习本单元的重点单词、常用表达、句型和语法。 2.能力目标 (1)正确运用be supposed/expected to + infinitive结构表示应该或被期望做某事。 (2)能正确使用It is adj. to do sth,结构。 (3)能够谈论不同国家的习俗和你应该做的事。 (4)能够写一封向外国朋友介绍中国文化习俗的信。 3.学习策略 能借助记笔记或要点归纳的方式加强语言记忆，使短时记忆转化为长期记忆 4.文化情感知识 了解各国文化背景、礼仪习俗，学会在不同场合的得体表现，提升跨文化意识情感目标。 三、写作步骤 (一)总分总结构 短文通常分为三个部分： 第一步，表明写作意图。开门见山提出介绍中国的文化习俗；   第二步，具体阐述各种文化习俗，包括餐桌礼仪，节日传统等；   第三步，书写结语，呼应主题。   (2) 人称 此类话题文章通常使用第一、二人称，具体按照题目要求确定。 (三)时态 此类话题文章，通常时态为“一般现在时”。 ( 人称:第一 /二 人称 ) ( 审题 ) ( 时态 : 一般现在时 ) ( ① I am so happy to know that ... ② I’d like to give you some advice. ) ( 开篇点题 ) ( 礼仪、习俗 ) ( ① Firstly, you are supposed .. . ② Secondly, when you’re ... ③ Y ou are not supposed to. .. ④ At last, you shouldn ’ t . . . ) ( 礼仪、习俗 ) ( 写作框架 ) ( ① I hope my words will be useful. ②Good luck and have a great time! ③ That’s all. Waiting for your reply. ) ( 结尾 ) 不同的地方有不同的风俗习惯，饮食也如此。现在某国外美食杂志向你约稿，请以“How we eat in China”为题，并参考要点写一篇短文，向西方读者介绍我们中国的饮食文化。90词左右。 要点： 1. What time are lunch and dinner served in China? 2. How do people in China eat food? 3. How do people in China behave politely while eating with the old? 4. How do we know that a meal is over in China? How we eat in China ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【词汇积累】 1、 ‌节日习俗‌ (1) ‌春节习俗‌ 1.greet the New Year‌拜年 2.paste Spring Festival couplets‌贴春联 3.fire crackers‌放鞭炮 4.‌Spring Festival‌春节 5.fire crackers放鞭炮 (二)‌圣诞习俗‌ 1.hang Christmas stockings‌挂圣诞袜 2.sing Christmas carols‌唱圣诞歌‌ 3.Christmas shopping‌圣诞购物‌ 4.Christmas‌圣诞 (三)‌中秋习俗‌ 1.admire the full moon‌赏月 2.eat mooncakes‌吃月饼 3.‌carry lanterns‌提灯笼 (四)‌万圣习俗‌ ‌dress up as ghosts‌扮鬼 trick-or-treat‌不给糖就捣蛋‌ 2、 饮食习惯、文化差异、餐桌礼仪词汇‌ (一)‌饮食习惯词汇‌ 1.‌taste preference‌口味偏好 2.love spicy food喜辣 3.‌dietary habit‌饮食习惯 4.three meals a day一日三餐 (二)‌文化差异词汇‌ 1.‌table atmosphere‌餐桌氛围 2.communication habit‌交流习惯 3.chat while eating边吃边聊 (三)‌餐桌礼仪词汇‌ 1.‌polite phrases‌礼貌用语 2.help yourself请慢用 3.use communal chopsticks使用公筷 【句型积累】 一、文化习俗 ‌传承文化，铭记习俗。‌ 1.Inherit culture, remember customs, and let traditions thrive in modern society. 传承文化，铭记习俗，让传统在现代社会中焕发新生。 二、餐桌礼仪 ‌礼仪之邦，餐桌见礼。‌ A land of etiquette, table manners reflect civilization in every detail. 礼仪之邦，餐桌见礼，细节之处彰显文明风范。 三、文化差异 ‌尊重差异，共赏多元。‌ 1.Respect cultural differences and appreciate the beauty of diversity. 尊重文化差异，共赏世界多元之美。 2.Different countries have different customs. 不同的国家有不同的习俗。 四、饮食文化 ‌品味美食，感悟文化。‌ Taste delicious food and appreciate the profound cultural heritage behind it. 品味美食，感悟饮食背后的深厚文化底蕴。 五、风俗习惯 ‌习俗各异，共情共融。‌ Different customs and habits, with empathy and integration, promote cultural exchange. 各地风俗习惯各异，共情共融，促进文化交流。 2.Let me give you some suggestions about Chinese customs. 让我给你一些关于中国习俗的建议。 主题部分常用表达 3.First, you are supposed to shake hands when you meet someone for the first time. 首先，当你第一次见到某人时，你应该握手。 4.It's impolite to point at others with your chopsticks. 用筷子指着别人是不礼貌的。 六、谈论不同国家的习俗和你应该做的事 1.What are you supposed to do when you meet someone for the first time? 当你第一次见到某人时，你应该做什么？ 2.You're supposed to shake hands. 你们应该握手。 3.Am I supposed to wear jeans? 我应该穿牛仔裤吗？ 4.No, you're expected to wear a suit and tie. 不，你应该穿西装打领带。 5.Is it important to be on time? 准时重要吗？ 6.Yes, it's important to be on time. 是的，准时很重要。 七、be supposed/expected to + infinitive结构表示应该或被期望做某事 1.What are you supposed to do when you meet someone for the first time? 当你第一次见到某人时，你应该做什么？ 2.You're supposed to shake hands. You're not supposed to kiss. 你应该握手。你不应该接吻。 3.When were you supposed to arrive? 你什么时候到？ 4.Am I expected to wear jeans? 我应该穿牛仔裤吗？ 八、It is adj. to do sth结构 1.Is it impolite to keep others waiting? 让别人等是不礼貌的吗？ 2.It's important to be on time. 准时很重要。 【俗语谚语】 一、‌文化习俗‌ 1.Do as the Romans do. 入乡随俗。 2.Different places have different customs. 百里不同风，千里不同俗。 二、‌餐桌礼仪‌ Don't talk when eating or sleeping. 食不言寝不语。 三、‌文化差异‌ Every ten li has a different wind. 十里不同风。 四、‌饮食文化‌ ‌Food is the paramount necessity of the people. 民以食为天。 五、‌风俗习惯‌ Custom becomes nature. 习惯成自然。 【参考范文】 (一) Dear Li Wei, I am happy to hear that you are going to South Korea for further study.Life in South Korea is not difficult,but you should know some customs before you go in order to make your life there easier. In South Korea,you are supposed to bow when you meet someone.The table manners there are a bit different from those in China.You are not supposed to make noise while eating or pick up your bowl.You should put your rice bowl on your left and your soup bowl on your right.If you are invited to a South Korean's house,you'd better take off your shoes,so it is rude if you don't wear your socks.By the way,if you are invited to a dinner party,remember to bring a small gift. I hope you will have a good time in South Korea. Yours Zhao Ming (二) Dear Thomas, How are you?You asked me about the Lantern Festival.It is one of Chinese traditional festivals.We have it at the end of the Spring Festival.Usually,we eat sweet rice dumplings called yuanxiao.We go out to watch colorful lanterns and guess lantern riddles with our family.We also let off fire crackers for fun.How interesting it is!We like the Lantern Festival very much. By the way,can you tell me what your favorite festival is?I am looking forward to your reply. Yours, Liu Ming 【词汇积累】 一、翻译 1．餐桌礼仪 2．家规 3．给某人一些建议 4．期待 5．出现；露面 6．在不同的情况下 二、单词默写 7．v.& n. 鞠躬 8．adj.空的；空洞的 9．n.风俗；习俗 10．v.&n.亲吻；接吻 11．v.和……打招呼；迎接 →n.问候 12．v.重视；珍视 n.价值 →adj.珍贵的；有价值的 13．v.休息；放松 →adj.放松的；自在的 →adj.令人放松的 三、短语默写 14．切碎 15．露面；出现 16．习惯于 17．举止得体 18．轻松做某事 19．特地；格外努力 20．使（某人）感到宾至如归 21．对做某事感觉很好 【句子积累】 一、完成句子 22．我最大的挑战是学习如何在餐桌上表现。 My biggest challenge is learning at the dinner table. 23．在你去一个国家之前，花时间了解它的风俗是值得的。 It the time to learn about the customs of a country before you go there. 24．当我们见面的时候，男孩握手，女孩亲吻对方的脸颊是礼貌的。 When we see other other, and for girls on the side of the face. 25．学习在社交场合你应该做什么和不应该做什么可能是困难的，但如果你想了解另一种文化，再麻烦那也是值得的。 what your are supposed to do and in social situations may be difficult, but it is if you want to understand . 26.If someone invites you to meet him or her at noon, then there at noon. 27．在你们国家，当你与某人初次见面时，你应该做什么？ In your country, what you do when you meet someone for the first time? 28．我遇到一个叫佐藤的日本男孩，我刚一伸出手，他就鞠了一躬。 I met a Japanese boy Sato, and I my hand, he bowed. 29．嗯，一方面，我不知道如何使用好筷子。 Well, , I don’t know chopsticks very well. 30．希望我回电话吗？ Am I call back? 31．用筷子指着人是不礼貌的。 It's to people with chopsticks. 32．别把你的手插进嘴里。 Don't your hand your mouth. 33．你介意敲打空碗吗？ Would you mind bowl? 34．在法国，你应该把面包放在桌子上。 In France, you're your bread on the table. 35．敲打空碗是不礼貌的。 It's to hit the bowl. 二、根据所给汉语完成英语句子。 36．—在你们国家，你第一次遇见一个人应该干什么？   —你应该握手。 —In your country, what are you supposed to do when you meet someone __ ? —You’re supposed to . 37．—在朝鲜，人们第一次见面应该干什么？  —应该鞠躬。 —What are people in Korea when they meet for the first time? —They’re supposed to . 38．哦，挺不错的，但是我犯了一些错误，应该7点到；可我8点才到的。 Well, it was OK, but I . I at 7:00, but I arrived at 8:00. 39．你本应该问问你应该穿什么的。 You what you were supposed to wear. 40．昨晚为外国学生举办的欢迎晚会怎么样？ How was the for foreign students last night? (一) （24-25九年级全册·全国·Unit 10课后作业）假如你是张敏，你的美国笔友Tina发来电子邮件，说她下周要来中国，但对中国的风俗习惯、见面礼仪及餐桌礼仪了解很少，于是向你寻求帮助，请你给她回一封电子邮件，告诉她有关中国风俗习惯、见面礼仪及餐桌礼仪的情况。 内容包括： 1.中国人第一次见面时握手； 2.去别人家做客的注意事项：不能送钟，不能送菊花（chrysanthemums）； 3.餐桌礼仪的不同：我们用筷子就餐；就餐时不能用筷子指着别人；就餐时不可以多说话等。 写作方法指导与操练 【我的完整作品——书写美观，可适当发挥】 Dear Tina, I am so happy to know that you are coming to China next week. ___________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours Zhang Min (二) （2024·北京朝阳·二模）假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Peter受邀到一位中国朋友家做客吃饭。他不知道去中国家庭做客的一些礼仪，向你发邮件求助。请你用英文给他回复。告诉Peter一些基本的礼仪以及你的具体建议。 提示词语：shake hands, serve tea, use chopsticks, wait to eat 提示问题：·What are some manners about visiting a Chinese family? ·What’s your advice to help Peter? Dear Peter, How is it going?_________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I hope this is helpful. Email me if you have any other questions. Yours, Li Hua (三) （2024·安徽芜湖·一模）假如你是李辉，你的一位英国笔友Kate发来电子邮件，说她下星期来中国，她向你询问中国的餐桌礼仪。请你根据下面提示给她回一封电子邮件，告诉她有关情况。词数80~ 100。参考词汇： toast (vt. 为……举杯敬酒) 提示： 1. 等大家都到齐了再开吃； 2. 让长辈或客人先动筷； 3. 不能用筷子敲碗； 4. 不要将手伸到饭桌对面夹菜； 5. 为主人的健康、成功干杯…… Dear Kate, I’m glad to receive your email. Now I want to tell you something about the Chinese table manners. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hui (四) （22-23九年级上·福建福州·期末）假如你是王超，你的英国朋友Katie下个月会来中国旅行，届时她会去她的一位中国朋友家拜访。她给你发来电子邮件说她想要了解一些关于中国在这方面的风俗礼仪。请你根据下面思维导图中的内容提示给Katie回一封电子邮件。 要求：1. 电邮内容包括所有要点提示并适当发挥；2. 80词左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；3. 文中不要出现真实的人名和校名。 Dear Katie, I’m happy that you’ll come to China soon. I’m looking forward to that exciting moment. Now let me tell you some customs in China. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I hope my words will be useful for you to have a good time in China. Yours, Wang Chao (五) （23-24九年级上·吉林松原·期末）向世界传递中国文化，让世界倾听中国声音。“汉语桥”活动即将展开，世界各国的青少年们即将来到中国体验中国文化。假如你是林嘉，是此次汉语桥活动的推 介官之一。请你从社交礼仪、节日传统、餐桌礼仪等方面向外国小伙伴们介绍我们 中国的文化习俗，以帮助他们更快更好地适应在中国的生活。 要求: 1.内容必须包括关键词及表格中所有要点；2.语句通顺，字迹工整，时态正确；3.文章内容可根据你的了解进行适当拓展；4. 词数在90词左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数。(不要标注词数) Do Don’t Social customs shake hands kiss; bow Table manners the old start eating first stick chopsticks into the food; talk with a full mouth; hit  an  empty bowl with chopsticks;    point at others with chopsticks... Festival traditions get together; share special food ( mooncakes/zongzi...); admire the moon/watch Dragon Boat races/make dumplings/set fireworks/ say lucky words;wear new clothes... Leave dirty clothes or dishes in the house; say unlucky things; cry; get angry... ... ... ... Hello, everyone! Welcome to China! I’m Lin Jia. Now let me introduce you some customs and manners in China. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (六) （22-23九年级上·安徽黄山·期末）假如你是李华，你的美国笔友Tina发来电子邮件说她寒假要来中国，但对中国的风俗习惯、见面礼仪及餐桌礼仪了解很少，于是向你寻求帮助，请你给她回一封电子邮件，告诉她有关中国风俗习惯、见面礼仪及餐桌礼仪的情况。 要求： 1) 条理清晰，内容完整，表达准确，书写工整。 2) 可根据内容要点适当增加细节，使行文连贯，80—100 词左右。 Dear Tina, I’m very happy to hear that you’re coming to China next week. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua (七) （22-23九年级上·山东临沂·期末）假如你是李华，你的美国笔友Mike为更好地了解你和中国，来邮件询问你一些问题，请你根据问题和提示，用英语给他回一封电子邮件。 Favorite kind of music/movies I prefer/love music/movies that/which... Why I like this kind of music/movies I like...best. Because it/they can make me... How this song/movie makes you feel I feel... when I... School rules We are (not) allowed to... I feel/think it is... I think teenagers should be allowed... Table manners At table, I’m (not) supposed/expected to... It’s polite/impolite to... I think... 要求： 1. 内容必须包含表格左侧所提供的信息，可根据右侧句型提示进行适当发挥。 2. 表达完整，条理清晰，逻辑性强，语句通顺，语言正确无误，书写清晰规范。 3. 词数80词左右，文章开头已经给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Mike, Thank you for your last letter. I am glad to tell you something about myself. I prefer ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best wishes, Li Hua (八) （22-23九年级上·山西阳泉·期末）不同的国家有不同的风俗习惯。请根据以下信息，写一篇不少于80词的短文，介绍各国不同的餐桌礼仪。 中国人 用筷子吃饭，嘴巴不应该在进餐时发出响声 日本人 吃面条时嘴巴发出响声是礼貌的，表示食物美味和感谢 西方人 用刀叉进食，一餐可能会用到多套刀叉，欧洲的餐桌礼仪比美国更复杂些 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (九) （22-23九年级上·山东淄博·期中）请根据Unit 5所学内容，用自己的话简单介绍一下林月的情况。内容包括： 1. 林月为什么去法国？到达之前她感觉如何？她的寄宿家庭是怎样让她感到宾至如归的？ 2. 她在法国最大的挑战是什么？法国的餐桌礼仪和我们的有什么不同？至少举三个例子。 3. 请表达一下你对“入乡随俗。”这句话的看法。 要求： 1. 语句通顺，语法正确。 2. 词数100词以上。 3. 不得出现真实的学校和姓名。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (十) （2023·湖南长沙·三模）俗话说：“民以食为天”。中国的饮食文化历史悠久，举世闻名，假如你是学生会主席李华，今年暑假一批外国朋友要到你的学校参加文化交流夏令营。作为学生代表，请你以“When in China, Eat as the Chinese Eat”为题，根据表格提示写一篇小短文，向对方介绍去中国家庭聚餐时的餐桌礼仪。 注意： （1）短文必须包括表格中的所有要点，并补充信息，适当发挥。 （2）文中不得出现真实的人名和校名。 （3）词数80-100，标题和开头已给出，不计入总词数。 When in China, Eat as the Chinese Eat Before dinner: Manners: wash our hands； wait for the eldest… Reasons: pay attention to health； show respect（尊重）to… At dinner: Manners: eat with chopsticks； … Reasons: … After dinner: Manners: help to clear the table； … Reasons: …     Meaning of having dinner together: enhance（增强）the sense of happiness; provide a good chance to… When in China, Eat as the Chinese Eat Food is the first necessity of the people, In China, we value the time of having dinner with our family, friends and others. If you’re invited to have dinner in others’ home, _______________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (十一) （2023·山东聊城·一模）假如你是李华，你的澳大利亚笔友Tony即将来到中国，他想向你了解一下中国人的生活方式和中国的传统习俗。请你根据下面的提示用英语给Tony写一封邮件，对此简单介绍并对他的到来表示期待和欢迎。 要点提示： 第一次见面时 握手或者点头示意 用餐时 用筷子而不是刀叉，边吃边聊 过生日时 吃蛋糕，收到生日礼物，双手接礼物 过春节时 …… 注意事项： 1. 短文词数：80左右。 2. 短文必须包含以上内容，但可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 3. 文中不得出现真实的人名和地名。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (十二) （21-22九年级上·湖北十堰·期末）刚到中国来学习不久的John应中国同学的邀请去他家里做客，为此John向已熟悉中国习俗的Bob请教守时、送小礼物及餐桌礼仪等方面的习俗。假设你是Bob，请你给John回一封电子邮件，告诉他应懂得的事情。 要求： 1. 根据提示要点，选用恰当的词句进行行文构思，注意语言通顺，表达清晰，过渡自然，可适当发挥； 2. 词数在80—100，邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词汇。 Dear John, I know that you will be invited to your Chinese classmate’s home. If you do the following, I don’t think you will feel uncomfortable. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Good luck and have a great time! (一) （2022·北京·中考真题）假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Chris对中国文化很感兴趣，他给你发来邮件，询问中国人日常生活中的基本社交礼仪，如待人接物、餐桌礼仪等。请你用英语回复一封邮件，介绍你所知道的相关礼仪。 提示词语：manners, shake hands, polite, gift, chopsticks 提示问题：· What do we do when we meet people for the first time? · How do we behave properly at table? Dear Chris, I’m glad to know that you’re interested in Chinese social manners._________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I hope the above is helpful. Please feel free to ask for more information. Yours, Li Hua (二) （2022·山东枣庄·中考真题）假如你是李华，你的笔友Mark将要来你家做客，向你询问如何在中国举止得当。请根据下面的提示，给Mark写一封80~100词的回信。把答案写在答题卡上相应位置。（可能用到的单词：chopsticks筷子） 1. 见面礼仪。     2. 餐桌礼仪。      3. 外出礼仪。   Dear Mark, I am glad to hear that you are coming to China soon. I’d like to give you some suggestions on how to behave properly in China. When you come to my house,_______________________________________________________ When you are eating with us, _______________________________________________________ Before you go outside, ____________________________________________________________ A safe trip to you and I hope to meet you soon!     Best wishes, Li Hua (三) （2022·黑龙江·中考真题）假如你是李华， 你的一位笔友约翰发来一封邮件， 说他下星期来中国，他向你询问中国的餐桌礼仪。请你至少用三种句式写五条中国的餐桌礼仪。 1. ______________________________________________________________________________ 2. ______________________________________________________________________________ 3. ______________________________________________________________________________ 4. ______________________________________________________________________________ 5. ______________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$