12 第一部分 选择性必修第一册 UNIT 3 CONSERVATION-【名师导航】2025年高考英语一轮总复习讲义（北师大版）

CONSERVATION 续写语料积累 背诵·句之美 欣赏·语之秀 1．(心理描写)(2024·抚顺市模拟)With a flush of sadness，she couldn't hold back her tears welling up in her eyes． 2．(神态描写)(2024·重庆市质量检测)I sighed with disappointment and stared at the road ahead with a blank expression． 3．(背景描写)(2024·济南市学情检测)Birds were singing in the trees，and the soft wind was brushing my cheeks． (2024·湖南省联考)The next day，when I went to see the boy，all his family got up，with grateful smiles on their faces．In excitement，they held my hands，with a lump in their throats．Feeling their sincere gratitude，I was overwhelmed with a rush of pride． 核心单词 语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空) 1．____ n．一项，一条 2．_____ vt．责怪，指责 3．_______ n．威胁；(灾难等坏事)发生的可能 4．________ n．减少；减少的量 vi．& vt．减少 5．______ n．十年，十年期 6．_______ vt．(使)恢复 7．__________ adv．非常地，极端地 8．_______ n．物种，种 9．____ adj．大量的 10．_____ vt．声称；断言；主张 n．声称；(根据权利而提出的)要求 1．Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants，flowers，patterns and ______ (mass)of color． 2．If the _____ (item) are not satisfactory，you will get your money back． 3．These measures have played a vital role in _________ (restore) the economy． 4．This species will be extinct in a few _______ (decade)． 5．People are becoming more sensitized to the dangers ___________ (threaten) the environment． 6．The report tells us that human error was ________ (blame)for the accident． 派生单词 语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空) 1．conserve v．保存；保护；储藏→____________ n．保护→____________ adj．保守的；守旧的 2．recycle vi．&vt．再利用，回收利用→__________ adj．可回收利用的→____________ adj．不可回收的 3．danger n．危险→_________ adj．危险的→________ vt．危及→__________ adj．濒危的 4．consume vt．耗费；消耗；吃→________ n．消费者→___________ n．消费；消耗(量) 5．collect vt．收集，采集→__________ n．收集；收藏品；专辑→_________ n．收藏家 6．anxious adj．焦虑的，不安的→_________ adv．焦急地；焦虑地→_______ n．忧虑，担心 7．annoy vt．打搅；使恼怒→_______ adj．烦恼的，生气的→________ adj．使烦恼的→_________ n．烦恼 8．destroy vt．破坏；毁掉→_________ n．破坏，毁坏→__________ n．破坏者 9．extinct adj．灭绝的，绝种的→__________ n．灭绝 10．inform v．通知→___________ n．信息→___________ adj．有教育意义的；知识性强的 11．legal adj．合法的→_______ adj．非法的，违法的→_______ adv．合法地→_________ adv．非法地，违法地 12．urge vt．强烈要求；敦促→______ adj．紧急的，急迫的→_______ n．紧迫；急事 13．relate vi．相联系，有关联→_______ adj．有联系的→________ n．联系，关联 1．The food on offer is unfit for human ___________，so its _________ should be animals．(consume) 2．Up to now，the _________ has collected a large __________ of stamps about animals．(collect) 3．To her _________，the ________ news that she failed the exam made her parents very _______．(annoy) 4．Look out! There are some _________ animals in the area，including South China Tiger，which is an __________ species．(danger) 5．Her husband sat outside the laboratory，_________ awaiting the result of the medical tests and his _______ led her to feel more upset．(anxious) 6．Some doctors think there is a ________ between smoking and lung cancer．What's worse，smoking is also _______ to heart disease．(relate) 7．The teacher demanded that the students should be taught how to take ______ action in a matter of _______．(urge) 8．The book，which contains much ___________ about the history of the Ming Dynasty，is both ___________ and entertaining．(inform) 9．It is vital to take action to stop __________ destroying the rainforests，or future generations will be left with pollution and ___________．(destroy) 高频短语 语境运用(选用左栏中短语的适当形式填空) 1．_____________ 尽自己的职责 2．_______ 消失；绝迹，灭绝 3．________ 彻底毁灭 4．___________ (对某事)负有责任 5．__________ 处境危险，受到威胁 6．_______ 开始做某事，着手进行 7．_____________ 与……有关联 8．____________ 例如 9．______ 概括，总结 10．___________ 采取行动 11．__________ 采取措施 12．________总之 13．____________ 废除 14．____________ 陷入 1．__________________，we should form the habit of using mobile phones properly． 2．He has achieved what he _______ to do three years ago． 3．Students ought to ____________ to make steady progress． 4．___________ the resistant force，they declared that they had put arms including advanced tanks and fighter planes in place． 5．Drinking may ___________ for one in four cases of dementia，doctors have warned． 6．He discovered that this noble family _____________and was forgotten． 7.123，000 people ____________ of early death over the next 20 years，the study said． 原句结构辨识 写作佳句背诵 1．without引导含蓄虚拟语气条件句 Without forests，we would have no air to breathe，and without clean water we would be unable to survive． 没有你的帮助，我们现在就不会有那么大的成就。 Without your help，we ______________ so much now．(续写之评论句) 2．over the last＋时间 Over the last decade，an average of 2，500 people have died every year in vehicle accidents． 在过去几年里，这里的旅游业获得了相当大的发展。 ______________________，tourism here has developed considerably．(应用文之介绍信) 3．with复合结构 Storms have been getting worse everywhere too，with more hurricanes hitting the US and Central America． 由于物价上涨得这么快，我们买不起奢侈品。 ____________________________，we can't afford luxuries．(应用文之介绍信) 1．threat n．威胁；(灾难等坏事)发生的可能 ①Being stuck in a big fire is ___________，and we are __________ with it．(threat) ②He is unlikely to be _ threat to the Spanish player in the final． ③David threatened _________ (report) his neighbour to the police if the damages were not paid． 由于我们仍然处于威胁之下，真的很佩服他们的勇气和贡献。 Since _________________________，we really admire them for their courage and contribution． ◎a threat构成威胁的人或事物 ◎under threat受到威胁 ◎threaten v．威胁；恐吓；威胁到，危及；预示凶兆 ◎threaten to do sth．威胁要做某事 ◎threaten sb．with sth．用……威胁某人 ◎threatening adj．威胁的；恐吓的 ◎take threats of this kind very seriously对这类威胁非常重视 ◎The clouds threatened rain．乌云密布预示大雨将至。 2．switch [课本义]vi．& vt．转换，改变　[增补义]vt．交换；调换；对调 n．改变；转变；开关；闸 ①Switch it ___ when you've finished using the electric typewriter． ②And just in time for the trial performance，I was able to maintain power in my singing despite the switch __ a head voice． 离开办公室时一定要关灯。 _______________________________ when you leave the office． ◎switch off切断(电源、气体等) ◎switch on打开(开关)；接通(电源等) ◎switch (from...) to...(从……)转变成，(从……)转换到 ◎switch sth．with sb．和某人交换某物 encourage companies to switch from coal to cleaner fuels鼓励企业转向使用比煤更清洁的燃料 3．urgent adj．紧急的，急迫的 ①The report urged that all children __________________ (teach) to swim． ②He denounces people who urge him _________ (change) his ways． ③I need not press on you the _______ (urgent) of the matter． 急需合格的教师。 _______________________ for qualified teachers． ◎urge v．催促；力劝；竭力主张 ◎urge sb．to do sth．敦促某人做某事 ◎urge that sb．(should) do sth．敦促某人(应该)做某事 ◎urge sth．on sb．向某人提出/力陈某事 ◎urgency n．紧急的事；紧急 ◎an urgent phone call一个紧急电话 ◎a matter of some urgency一件相当紧迫的事 4．decrease n．减少；减少的量vi．& vt．减少 ①Reactivity is an increase in negative emotions or___decrease in positive emotions． ②Last year the number of independent firms decreased ____ 198 to 96． ③We have no idea when the price will decrease __ the level we can afford． 由于人类的活动，一些稀有动物的数量正在减少。 Because of human activities，the number of some rare animals __________________． ◎a decrease in...……减少 ◎decrease to...减少到…… ◎decrease by...减少了…… ◎decrease from...to...从……减少到…… ◎on the decrease正在减少 ◎on the increase正在增加 ◎the number of people decreased from 210 to 160 this year今年人数从210减少到160 ◎a decreasing population逐渐减少的人口 ◎be decreasing by 1.4% each year正在以每年1.4%的速度下降 5．blame [课本义]vt．责怪，指责　[增补义]n．责任；责备；指责 ①It was the professor rather than his assistant that was ________ (blame) for what had happened in the lab． ②Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning，and put the blame __ the alarm clock． ③You shouldn't blame John ___ the failure． (普通表达)Alice was in low spirits because she was blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network． (高级表达)______________________ _______，Alice was in low spirits．(过去分词短语作状语) ◎blame sb．for...因……而指责某人；把……归咎于某人 ◎blame sth．on sb．/sth．把某事归咎于某人/某物 ◎be to blame (for sth．)(为某事)承担责任；(因某事)该受责备(主动形式表被动意义) ◎take/deserve the blame for...对……负责；为……承担责任 ◎put/lay the blame for sth．on...把某事推到……身上/归咎于…… ◎blame the accident on dangerous driving把事故归咎于危险驾驶 ◎blame oneself for what happened为发生的事责怪自己 6．relate [课本义]vi．相联系，有关联　[增补义]vt．使有联系；把……联系起来；叙述；讲述 ①We must relate these principles __ our everyday work． ②I am not _______ (relate) to him in any way． ③It's unfortunate when a father and son can't relate __ each other． 你应该把与这个问题有关的所有信息都写下来。 ①You should write down all the information___________ the problem．(relate) ②You should write down all the information ___________________ the problem．(relation) ◎related adj．有联系的；相关的 ◎be related to 与……有关系 ◎relate...to...向……讲述……；把……和……联系起来 ◎relate to...和……有关联；涉及；谈到；了解 ◎relation n．联系，关系 ◎in/with relation to关于；涉及；与……相比 have some comments to make in relation to this matter 发表关于这件事的一些看法 7．claim [课本义]vt．声称；断言；主张 n．声称；(根据权利而提出的)要求　[增补义]v．索取 n．索赔 ①You could have claimed the cost of the hotel room ____ your insurance． ②He entered the manager's office and made a claim ___ higher pay． 据称，幽默不仅会影响患者的情绪，而且还能帮助他们更快地康复。 ___________________humour not only affects patients' moods，but can actually help them recover faster． ◎claim sth．要求获得某物；认领某物 ◎claim sth．from sth．从……中索要…… ◎claim to do/be...声称要做/是…… ◎it is claimed that...声称/据说…… ◎claim to have done...声称做了…… ◎make a claim for要求……；主张…… ◎claim a major breakthrough in the fight against cancer宣称攻克癌症的一个重大突破 ◎claim housing benefit 申领住房补贴 8．die out 消失；绝迹，灭绝 ①As the region is becoming hotter，this kind of grass is dying ___． ②Their chatter and laughter died ____ as the group rushed out of the classroom． ③When all the guests had left，the whole house died ____． ④We need to take action before all the endangered animals die ___． 最终，这些濒危的动物可能会灭绝。 As a result，____________________________________． ◎die away逐渐减弱，逐渐模糊，逐渐消失 ◎die down逐渐降低，逐渐平息 ◎die off相继死去 ◎die of死于(内因) ◎die from死于(外因) ◎Many species will soon die out if we don't take action．如果我们不采取行动，许多物种将很快灭绝。 ◎Her patience started to die away．她开始逐渐失去耐心。 9．be at risk 处境危险，受到威胁 ①He jumped into the river __ the risk of losing his life． ②He worked hard，for he couldn't risk ______ (lose) the good job． 当同事身处危险时他表现英勇，不顾个人安危。 He showed himself careless of personal safety when the lives of his colleagues_______． ◎at risk of/from...有……的危险 ◎at the risk of...冒着……的风险 ◎take risks/a risk冒险 ◎put one's life at risk冒生命危险 ◎risk (sb．/sth．) doing sth．冒险做某事 ◎be at the risk of infection冒着被感染的风险 ◎be at risk of/from flooding遭到洪水侵袭的危险 ◎have no right to take risks with other people's lives 没有权利拿别人的生命去冒险 10．set out [课本义]开始做某事，着手进行　[增补义]动身；启程 ①We set out _________(paint) the whole house but finished only the front part that day． ②When the meeting was over，he set about _______ (write) a report about it immediately． ③Mary would always set _____new ideas that occurred to her． (普通表达)Considering his health，I advise him to save an hour or two each day to work out． (高级表达)Considering his health，I advise him to _________ an hour or two each day to work out． ◎set out to do sth．开始做某事 ◎set about (doing) sth．着手(做)某事 ◎set aside把……放置一旁，不理会；留出 ◎set back 使推迟，耽误 ◎set down写下；记下 ◎set in(雨、恶劣天气等)到来 ◎set off动身，出发；引发，激起；使爆炸 ◎set up创立 ◎set aside an hour a day for review purpose每天留出一小时用于复习 ◎set about finding a solution着手寻找一个解决办法 11．[教材原句]Without forests，we would have no air to breathe，and without clean water we would be unable to survive．没有森林，我们就不能呼吸空气；没有干净的水，我们将无法生存。 ①Without diverse creatures and plants，our globe ________ (be) less interesting． ②Mr Brown gave me a helping hand．Otherwise，I would_________ (get)into great trouble． ③But ___ your advice，I would have no way to deal with the problem． 如果不是膝盖受伤，他将参加今天的篮球赛。 But for a knee injury，________________________________________________． ◎without引导含蓄虚拟语气条件句既可表示与现在事实相反的假设(主句中用would/could/might/should do)；也可表示与过去事实相反的假设(主句中用would/could/might/should have done)。 ◎有类似用法的还有：with，otherwise/or(否则)，but for(要不是)等。 But for the careful preparation，our project wouldn't have progressed so smoothly．要是没有精心的准备，我们的项目不会进展得这么顺利。 12．[教材原句]Storms have been getting worse everywhere too，with more hurricanes hitting the US and Central America．各地的暴风雨也愈发肆虐，越来越多的飓风袭击美国和中美洲。 ①With so many famous artists __________ (perform) that day，the exhibition will be a great feast for the eyes． ②With all the work ________ (finish)，they felt relaxed． ③With so many people _______ (stare) at me，I felt very nervous． 有很多工作要做，他今晚不得不熬夜。 ________________________，he has to stay up tonight． with复合结构，形式为“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”，这一结构在句中可作状语也可作定语。在这一结构中，作宾补的可以是形容词、副词、介词短语、动词-ing形式、过去分词、不定式等。 With an important class meeting to attend，I can't accompany you to the bookstore．有一个重要的班会要参加，我不能陪你去书店。 Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空。 1．It __________(claim) that another three astronauts will be sent into space next month． 2．In fact，he was really ________(blame) for his careless driving． 3．At the risk of _____________(scold)，he drove his father's car to school． 4．All the afternoon he worked with the door ______ (lock)． 5．Much of the crime in this area is _______(relate) to drug abuse． 6．Without the hybrid rice cultivated，many people _______________(die) of hunger in the past． 7．However hard he works，he won't be recognised as a success，which is really ________(annoy)． 8．He has been living in this country _________ (legal) since May 2012，with no visa． Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词。 1．It is his lack of self-discipline that is related __ his being fired by the company． 2．You are required to sum __ the main idea of the passage with a maximum of 6 words． 3．The number of teaching staff members in this school has decreased __ 700 persons． 4．We need to switch ___ the cell phone and leave the children to play by themselves． 5．Without what you had done for me，I ______never be a successful businessman． Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空。 1．To make the training _________ (real) the simulation operates in real time． 2．It was the most extreme example of________ (cruel) to animals I had ever seen． 3．He _______(wrap) the package in brown paper and tied it with string． 4．His car turned over and caught on fire and yet，__________(incredible)，he escaped unscathed． 5．This kind of training is ineffective，and ________ (waste) of scarce resources． 6．We should raise _________ (aware) of protecting our environment． Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词。 1．A volcanic eruption nearly wiped ____the small island of Montserrat in 1997． 2．The new law made it extremely difficult for restaurants and bars to do away ____ the tipping system． 3．They are still hunting ___ the missing boy，who disappeared last Sunday after attending his friend's birthday party． 4．The country needs new leadership if she is to play a role __ future development． 5．There are jobs more dangerous than truck driving；___ instance，training lions． Ⅰ．熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思) 1．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)I stuck the chicken in the freezer． _ A．戳 B．插入　　　　 C．放置 2．(2021·浙江1月卷)At first I got jammed just above my eyes and then，as I went on with my task，unwilling to quit，my nose briefly prevented entry． _ A．动弹不得；卡住了 B．塞入；塞进 C．即兴演奏 3．(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off“switch”where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight． _ A．改变　 B．(铁路的)道岔 C．转换器 4．(2020·江苏卷)...I also began to find something else，a collection of scientists，usually brilliant，occasionally half-mad，who made the discoveries． _ A．收藏品　 B．一群(人)　 C．募集 Ⅱ．长难语句(分析句子的结构并将句子翻译成汉语) 1．(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)In doing so，I'll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1，600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter． 本句是复合句，句子主干是I'll draw on an experiment。I ran in 2018为____，修饰experiment，另一个____in which over 1，600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter同样修饰experiment。 [尝试翻译]__________________________________________________________ 2．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Class activities will vary from day to day，but students must be ready to complete short in-class writings or tests drawn directly from assigned readings or notes from the previous class' lecture/discussion，so it is important to take careful notes during class． 本句是复合句，句子主干是Class activities...tests，so...class。but前面的分句是一个___，but 后面是一个___，由so连接。 [尝试翻译]__________________________________________________________ In our Earth's history，there have been five times 1．____ life on Earth has almost ended．The third mass extinction 2．______(kill) 90% to 96% of all species and the fifth event caused the 3．_____(die) of the dinosaurs．The reasons for extinctions are varied．The natural reasons include volcanic eruptions，asteroids hitting the Earth from space，changes in sea levels，the decrease 4．__ the oxygen content of the sea and 5．______(globe) warming．This time，man will be to blame 6．___ the Earth's sixth mass extinction．Air and water pollution，forests being destroyed，factory farming and overfishing are causing species to die out 1，000 times 7．______(fast) than normal．We ought to take action to avoid a 8．_____(six)extinction now，which means we have to save 9．__________(endanger)species，change how we work and travel and improve our farming methods to reduce water，air and land pollution．In short，if we want to survive，we need to stop 10．__________(destroy) the planet that we live on and start to protect it． Step 1．要点提示(利用本单元知识补全所给英文句子) ①每天我们会陷入交通阻塞，抵达工作地点或者学校时感到心力交瘁、心烦气躁。 We ____________ traffic jams and arrive at the workplace or school，____________，tired and angry，every day． ②和真正的社会损失相比，个人的愤怒和焦虑根本不值一提。 _________________________ are nothing____________ the real costs socially． ③在过去的二十年里，路上行驶的汽车数量增加了25%。 In the last 20 years，the number of cars on the roads ______________ 25%． ④在过去十年中，平均每年有2 500人死于交通事故。 Over the last decade，vehicle accidents have caused _____________ 2，500 deaths every year． ⑤来自汽车发动机的各种类型的温室气体导致全球变暖和气候变化。 Various types of greenhouse gases from car engines ___________________________． ⑥每年有近3万人死于空气污染，并且有些癌症与交通污染有关。 Almost 30，000 deaths per year are caused by air pollution and some types of cancer ______________ traffic pollution． ⑦我们应当立刻采取行动——步行、乘坐公共交通工具和与他人拼车。 We should ___________ at once—using your legs，using public transport and ____________． Step 2．衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇) ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Step 1．储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇) 情感描写 anxious；stressed out；anger；annoyed 环境描写 dirt；traffic jam；valley；scenic；historic 动作描写 blame；set out；wrap；swallow；carve Step 2．续写练笔(完成下面的续写片段并背诵) Cinderella住在一个历史悠久、风景优美的小镇上。然而，她最近对一些现象很恼火。无论她走到哪里，她都会看到各种各样的塑料包装、坚果壳和雕刻在墙壁和树木上的字。此外，镇上还经常有交通堵塞。她为小镇感到忧虑，Cinderella去年开始和其他环保人士一起清理垃圾。她并没有把污染归咎于游客，而是决定用自己的行为来影响他人。 Cinderella lives in_________________．However，____________________some phenomena recently．Everywhere she goes，______________________．Besides，there are often______________in the town．_______________________，Cinderella ____________________with other environmentalists last year．______________，she decides to affect others with her behaviour． 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 选择性必修第一册　UNIT 3 语基自主检测·目标确立 核心单词 1．item　2．blame　3．threat　4．decrease　5．decade　6．restore　7．incredibly　8．species　9．mass　10．claim 语境运用 1．masses　2．items　3．restoring　4．decades　5．threatening　6．to blame 派生单词 1．conservation；conservative　2．recyclable；unrecyclable　3．dangerous；endanger；endangered　4．consumer；consumption　5．collection；collector　6．anxiously；anxiety　7．annoyed；annoying；annoyance　8．destruction；destroyer　9．extinction　10．information；informative　11．illegal；legally；illegally　12．urgent；urgency　13．related；relation 语境运用 1．consumption；consumers　2．collector；collection　3．annoyance；annoying；annoyed　4．dangerous；endangered　5．anxiously；anxiety　6．relation；related　7．urgent；urgency　8．information；informative　9．destroyers；destruction 高频短语 1．do one's part　2．die out　3．wipe out　4．be to blame　5．be at risk　6．set out　7．be related to　8．for instance　9．sum up　10．take action　11．take steps　12．in short　13．do away with　14．get stuck in 语境运用 1．To sum up/In short　2．set out　3．do their part　4．To wipe out　5．be to blame　6．had died out　7．were at risk 写作佳句背诵 1．would not have achieved　2．Over the last few years　3．With prices going up so fast 考点归纳探究·精准讲练 1．①threatening；threatened　②a　③to report [完美写作]we are still under threat 2．①off　②to [完美写作]Be sure to switch off the light 3．①(should) be taught　②to change　③urgency [完美写作]There is an urgent need 4．①a 　②from　③to [完美写作]is on the decrease 5．①to blame　②on　③for [完美写作]Blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network 6．①to　②related　③to [完美写作]①related to　②in/with relation to 7．①from　②for [完美写作]It is claimed that 8．①off　②away　③down　④out [完美写作]these endangered animals may die out 9．①at　②losing [完美写作]were at risk 10．①to paint 　②writing　③down [完美写作]set aside 11．①would be　②have got　③for [完美写作]he would take part in the basketball match today 12．①to perform　②finished　③staring [完美写作]With a lot of work to do 三层强基固本·达标训练 层级一 Ⅰ．1．is claimed　2．to blame　3．being scolded　4．locked　5．related　6．would have died　7．annoying　8．illegally Ⅱ．1．to　2．up　3．to　4．off　5．would 层级二 Ⅰ．1．realistic　2．cruelty　3．wrapped　4．incredibly　5．wasteful　6．awareness Ⅱ．1．out　2．with　3．for　4．in　5．for 层级三 Ⅰ．1．C　2．A　3．C　4．B Ⅱ．1．化繁为简：定语从句；定语从句 尝试翻译：在此过程中，我将借鉴我在2018年的一项实验，在该实验中，1 600多人同意进行数字清理。 2．化繁为简：简单句；并列句 尝试翻译：课堂活动每天都会有所不同，但学生必须准备好完成简短的课堂写作或测试，这些测试直接来自指定的阅读材料或上一堂课的讲课/讨论笔记，因此在课堂上认真记笔记很重要。 三维提能培优·进阶训练 维度一 1．when　2．killed　3．death　4．of　5．global　6．for　7．faster　8．sixth　9．endangered　10．destroying 维度二 Step 1． ①get stuck in；stressed out　②Personal anger and stress；compared to　③has gone up by　④an average of　⑤lead to global warming and climate change　⑥are related to　⑦take action；sharing cars with someone else Step 2． We get stuck in traffic jams and arrive at the workplace or school，stressed out，tired and angry，every day．But personal anger and stress are nothing compared to the real costs socially．In the last 20 years，the number of cars on the roads has gone up by 25%．Over the last decade，vehicle accidents have caused an average of 2，500 deaths every year．Various types of greenhouse gases from car engines lead to global warming and climate change．Almost 30，000 deaths per year are caused by air pollution and some types of cancer are related to traffic pollution．So we should take action at once—using your legs，using public transport and sharing cars with someone else． 维度三 Step 2． a historic scenic town；she is annoyed about；she will see varied plastic packaging，shells of nuts and characters carved on walls and trees；traffic jams；Anxious about her town；set out to clean up the rubbish；Instead of blaming the tourists for pollution $$ 课时分层作业(二十一) Ⅰ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了洛杉矶三个值得参观的博物馆和一个花园。 1．B　[细节理解题。根据第二段的“Since its beginning...Los Carpinteros and Tunga．”可知，拉丁美洲艺术博物馆自成立以来便不断扩大，故B项正确。] 2．D　[细节理解题。根据最后一段的“the museum develops the potential...active learners”可知，儿童空间博物馆通过以儿童为主导的体验开发所有孩子的潜力，鼓励他们成为快乐的、积极的学习者。据此可知，儿童空间博物馆促进了孩子们的潜力开发，并提高了他们学习的积极性和主动性，故D项正确。] 3．D　[细节理解题。通读全文可知，每个介绍的最后一句都说明了定期免费入场的信息，据此可知，这四个地点的共同之处是可以定期免费入场，故D项正确。] 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。出租车司机出身的Lauren Price在经过漫长的不懈努力后终于在东京奥运会的拳击项目中赢得了中量级金牌，她的成功离不开祖父母的支持与鼓励。 4．D　[细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，Price在东京奥运会上赢得了中量级金牌；又根据后文的叙述可知，Price曾经是一名自由搏击运动员，后来转向了拳击并最终成了一名出色的拳击手且赢得了所有重要比赛的金牌，由此可知，Price在东京奥运会上参加的是拳击比赛，故选D。] 5．B　[细节理解题。根据第五段中的“For me the big turning point was as a child being inspired by Kelly Holmes...I want to go to the Olympics”可知，Price想参加奥运会的梦想是在电视上看到Kelly Holmes的缘故，Kelly Holmes是一名运动员，即Price的奥运之梦是受到一名运动员的激励，故选B。] 6．A　[推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第五段中的“I had that dream over the years．I just worked hard．I believe if you put the effort in，you'll get where you want to be．”可知，Price之所以能够成功，个人的决心起着很重要的作用，故选A。] 7．C　[文章出处题。文章讲述了Price的奥运冠军之路。根据常识可知，此类文章应出现在报纸的运动栏目中，故选C。] 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要通过一项研究介绍了全球变暖会对冬奥会产生的负面影响。 8．A　[词义猜测题。根据第二段内容可知，如果温室气体的高排放量继续保持它们的趋势，则在21世纪80年代前，之前举办过冬季奥运会的21个城市中除了一个其他可能都不能再举办冬季奥运会了，其中甚至有14个被视为“不可靠”。据此可推知，其中6个也将被认为不适合举办冬季奥运会，只是程度没有“unreliable”深。故画线词与A项意思最为接近。] 9．B　[推理判断题。根据第五段中的“The Summer Olympics...Games on record．”可知，夏季奥运会也受到了气候变化的影响。东京奥运会和残奥会可能是有史以来最热、最潮湿的奥运会之一。据此可推知，第五段提到东京奥运会是为了强调气候变化带来的影响。] 10．D　[观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“Due to the ...accommodate higher temperatures．”可知，由于这种巨大的影响，这项研究让我们担心，为了适应更高的温度，户外比赛可能不得不转移到室内或在一年中的不同时间举行。据此可推知，作者对研究的发现表示担忧。] 11．C　[主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Without sharp reductions ...new study has found．”和最后一段内容可知，文章主要介绍了气候变化会对冬季奥运会产生的负面影响，即冬季奥运会面临的危机。故选C项。] Ⅱ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了为了帮助患有心脏病的儿童Miloszek，东京奥运会银牌获得者波兰运动员 Maria Andrejczyk在社交平台上发帖卖自己的银牌，并众筹救助Miloszek。她的善举得到了回报，波兰便利连锁店Zabka 出资帮助了 Miloszek，并让Maria继续持有自己的奖牌。 1．C　[根据下文中的“but doctors at Stanford University Medical Center are able to take his case”可知，Miloszek的病情太严重了(serious)，在波兰无法得到治疗，但斯坦福大学医疗中心的医生能够接受他的病例。] 2．B　[根据下文中的“a sum the family simply could not ”可知，不幸的是(Unfortunately)，他们需要预付80%的费用，而这个家庭根本负担不起这笔巨额的医疗费。] 3．D　[根据下文Maria Andrejczyk 的行为可知，Miloszek 家里负担不起巨额医疗费。afford“买得起，承担得起(后果)”。] 4．D　[根据下文中的“she would be auctioning off her silver medal to raise money for Miloszek's surgery”可知，Maria介入进来(stepped in)帮助Miloszek。] 5．A　[根据下文中的“she would be auctioning off her silver medal”可知，Maria在东京奥运会上获得(earning)了她的首枚奥运奖牌。] 6．B　[根据语境可知，Maria在社交平台上发布了一条消息(message)，宣布她将拍卖她的奥运会银牌为Miloszek 的手术筹集资金。] 7．C　[根据上文可知，Maria要拍卖她的奥运会银牌，再结合下文中的“the medal for $125，000”可知，一家波兰便利连锁店以12.5万美元的价格购买(purchased)了这枚奖牌。] 8．A　[根据语境和常识可知，12.5万美元超出了Maria的期望。expect“预期，期待”。] 9．D　[根据下文中的“more people began donating money to the fundraiser”可以推测，她的故事(story)曝光了，更多的人开始捐款。] 10．C　[根据语境可知，Maria在筹钱，所以此处是说最后她募集(collected)了足够支付Miloszek 美国之行的钱。] 11．A　[根据上文可知，Zabka花钱买Maria的奖牌，人们捐款都属于善举，而“Zabka announced that they would let Maria keep her after all！”则表明，人们的善良(kindness)并未停止。] 12．D　[根据下文中的“We decided that the silver medal from Tokyo will stay with Maria！”可知，Zabka宣布他们会让 Maria保留她的奖牌(medal)。] 13．B　[根据语境和常识可知，Zabka被 Maria极其高尚的(noble)行为感动了。] 14．C　[根据语境可知，此处指的是上文中的“the fundraiser”，即Maria Andrejczyk。] 15．A　[根据上文中Zabka花钱购买奖牌支持救治 Miloszek可知，Zabka很高兴能够为此做出贡献(contribute)。] Ⅲ．【参考范文】 Dear Mariam， I'm Li Hua from your English poetry class．I'm writing to ask for your help．The annual English Poetry Writing Competition will be held next month．However，it's a struggle for us to decide on the theme and the style．I know you have a very busy schedule，but I'd be very grateful if you could give us some practical guidance．Meanwhile，we'd like to invite you to be our judge． If possible，shall we meet in your office at 4 o'clock tomorrow afternoon? Looking forward to your early reply． Yours， Li Hua 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 课时分层作业(二十一) 选择性必修第一册　UNIT 3　CONSERVATION Ⅰ．阅读理解 A 篇(限时6分钟) (2024·福建省适应性练习)Many of the top museums and cultural attractions in L．A．are your best choices if you visit Los Angeles．From ancient artifacts to modern art，read on for our guide in Los Angeles． Museum of Latin American Art：Founded in 1996，it is the only art museum in the United States devoted to modern and contemporary Latin American art．Since its beginning，it has doubled its size，added a 15，000 square feet sculpture garden and expanded its permanent collection，ranging from works by Tamayo and Matta to Cruz-Diez，Los Carpinteros and Tunga．Free admission every Sunday． Autry Museum of the American West：Located in Griffith Park，the Autry features world-class galleries filled with Native American art and artifacts，film memorabilia，historic firearms and more．The Autry's collection of more than 500，000 pieces of art and artifacts includes the Southwest Museum of the American Indian Collection，one of the largest and most significant collections of Native American materials in the country．Free admission on the second Tuesday of every month． Descanso Gardens：Located in La Ca-ada Flintridge，the 160-acre Descanso Gardens was originally developed in 1936 by Elias Manchester Boddy，whose numerous interests included horticulture and politics．Descanso Gardens offers numerous areas for exploring，including a Japanese tea garden，water-wise garden，Oak Woodland，California Garden，and the world's largest collection of camellia flowers．Free admission on the third Tuesday of every month． Kidspace Children's Museum：Founded in 1979 by members of the Caltech community and Junior League of Pasadena，the museum develops the potential of all kids through kid-driven experiences，inspiring them to become joyful，active learners．Admission to the museum is free on First Fridays． 1．What is special about Museum of Latin American Art? A．It has a very long history． B．It has been continuously enlarged． C．It owns Native American artifacts． D．It offers a wide range of exploration． 2．Which of the following helps to promote initiative? A．Museum of Latin American Art． B．Autry Museum of the American West． C．Descanso Gardens． D．Kidspace Children's Museum． 3．What do the museums and the garden have in common? A．They take up large areas． B．They have diverse cultures． C．They collect artworks permanently． D．They offer free admission regularly． B 篇(限时7分钟) (2024·云南省统一检测)Lauren Price has come a long way from a taxi driver to an Olympic champion．She pursued her Olympic dream all the way to winning the middleweight gold medal at the Tokyo 2020 Summer Olympics． “When I look back now，I have to pinch (掐) myself at times，because I still think it's mad that I won the Olympics，”Price told the media． Raised by her grandparents，she was always encouraged to play sports．“They've always backed me．If it hadn't been for them，I wouldn't have achieved anything，”Price said．Her grandma used to say to her，“Reach for the moon and if you fall short，you'll land on the stars．” She began with football．But Price was also a high-standard kickboxer and was then talent-scouted by a taekwondo coach before she switched to boxing． “For me the big turning point was as a child being inspired by Kelly Holmes．I remember watching her on TV and I was like，‘Oh My Goodness，I want to go to the Olympics’，”Price recalled．“I had that dream over the years．I just worked hard．I believe if you put the effort in，you'll get where you want to be．” When Price was breaking into the Welsh boxing team，funding was extremely limited．So she worked as a driver for a taxi company when she was still a teenager．“I was training from Monday to Thursday and then I was driving a taxi on Friday and Saturday nights．I'd start work at 5 pm and I'd finish at 4 in the morning，picking up all the drunken passengers，”she remembered．That was a different kind of education．“It's quite funny now when I look back，”Price smiled． Ultimately，she excelled as a boxer．Price won every major gold medal going，despite the difficulties of competing against bigger opponents outside of her weight class． 4．Which event did Price compete in at the Tokyo 2020 Summer Olympics? A．Football．　　 B．Kickboxing． C．Taekwondo． D．Boxing． 5．Who inspired Price to go to the Olympics? A．Her grandmother． B．An athlete． C．A coach． D．A passenger． 6．Which of the following contributed most to Price's success? A．Determination． B．Luck． C．Education． D．Talent． 7．In which section of a newspaper can we find the text? A．Entertainment． B．Opinions． C．Sports． D．Destinations． C 篇(限时7分钟) (2024·济南市模拟)Without sharp reductions in greenhouse gas emissions，climate change threatens the future Winter Olympic Games because their locations would be too warm to host the events，a new study has found． If the world's high emissions continue their trend，by the 2080s all but one of the 21 cities that previously hosted the Winter Olympic Games—Sapporo，Japan—would not be able to do so again．Among them，6 cities would be considered“marginal”while 14 would even be seen “unreliable”—meaning the right conditions for snow and athlete safety cannot be met． But that won't necessarily happen if the world takes urgent action and follows the Paris Climate Accords adopted in 2015，according to Daniel Scott，the lead researcher for the University of Waterloo's report．Under that deal，nearly 200 countries agreed to greatly cut their collective greenhouse emissions． Athletes and coaches surveyed by the researchers said they're already seeing the effect climate change has on their sports．“Some of the coaches that did the survey have been coaches in the sport for 30 years，”Scott said．“They've traveled the world，back to the same competitions，and they've seen that certain competitions don't happen as regularly or uninterruptedly as they used to because of warmer temperatures．” The Summer Olympics are also feeling the effects of climate change．The Tokyo's Olympic and Paralympic Games are likely one of—if not—the hottest and most humid Olympic Games on record．Daily temperatures reached 80℉ high with high humidity (湿度)that could make it feel like 100℉． But winter sports seem more strongly influenced by the impact of a warmer world．During the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi，Russia，skiers were overheating in the same way a marathon runner would do at nearly 90℉ weather．Due to the great impact，the study makes us worry that outdoor games may have to move indoors or be held at a different time of year in order to accommodate higher temperatures． 8．What does the underlined word “marginal”in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Almost unqualified． B．Pretty satisfactory． C．Rather unpopular． D．Quite suitable． 9．Why are the Tokyo's Olympics mentioned in paragraph 5? A．To show the spirit of the Olympics． B．To stress the impact of climate change． C．To reveal the cause of warmer climate． D．To compare the Summer and Winter Olympics． 10．What is the author's attitude to the finding of the study? A．Conservative． B．Tolerant． C．Optimistic． D．Concerned． 11．What does the text mainly talk about? A．Global climate change． B．Greenhouse gas emissions． C．The Winter Olympics' crisis． D．The future Olympic Games． Ⅱ．完形填空(限时12分钟) (2024·衡水中学四调)Miloszek was born with a heart defect．His condition is too 1 to be treated in Poland，but doctors at Stanford University Medical Center are able to take his case． 2 ，they require 80 percent of the payment up front，a sum the family simply could not 3 ．That's when Maria Andrejczyk 4 in to help! Just a week after 5 her first Olympic medal ever and returning from Japan，Maria posted a 6 on a social media platform announcing that she would be auctioning off (拍卖掉) her silver medal to raise money for Miloszek's surgery． Days later，a Polish convenience store chain called Zabka 7 the medal for $125，000，which was more than Maria had 8 to get．Not only that，but when her 9 broke，more people began donating money to the fundraiser．Finally，she 10 more than enough cash to cover Miloszek's trip to America! And the 11 didn't end there．Zabka announced that they would let Maria keep her 12 after all! “We were very touched by the extremely 13 gesture of our Olympian，so we decided to support the 14 for Miloszek，”the company wrote．“We decided that the silver medal from Tokyo will stay with Maria! We are glad that we were able to 15 ．” 1．A．particular　 B．optimistic C．serious D．common 2．A．Undoubtedly B．Unfortunately C．Additionally D．Absolutely 3．A．expect B．permit C．ensure D．afford 4．A．crowded B．turned C．brought D．stepped 5．A．earning B．declaring C．battling D．defeating 6．A．parcel B．message C．card D．list 7．A．sold B．returned C．purchased D．saved 8．A．expected B．needed C．accepted D．commanded 9．A．health B．dream C．heart D．story 10．A．borrowed B．provided C．collected D．used 11．A．kindness B．news C．sympathy D．gratitude 12．A．secret B．reputation C．money D．medal 13．A．flexible B．noble C．gentle D．awkward 14．A．recovery B．request C．fundraiser D．award 15．A．contribute B．present C．fight D．change Ⅲ．应用文写作(限时13分钟) 假定你是李华，正在负责筹备学校年度英语诗歌创作大赛。你想去找外教Mariam 咨询关于诗歌主题及其他相关的事情，但是发现 Mariam不在办公室，请你给她写一封邮件，内容包括： 1．说明找她的原因； 2．约定见面的时间、地点。 注意：1．词数80左右； 2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Mariam， I'm Li Hua from your English poetry class． Yours， Li Hua 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$