专题04 阅读理解之说明文-【好题汇编】三年（2022-2024）中考英语真题分类汇编（山东专用）

三年（2022-2024）中考英语真题分项汇编（山东专用） 专题04 阅读理解之说明文 (2024中考真题） 01（2024·山东威海·中考真题） Pi is a special number that goes on forever. The symbol for this special number is a Greek letter “π”. To keep the math simple, we say π is 3.14. Pi is used to find the size of circles. Pi is always the same no matter how small or big the circle is. Because it is so special, someone thought of celebrating it. Since pi is 3.14, a physicist named Larry Shaw decided March 14th would be the perfect day. So on this day in 1988, he invited his friends to walk around in a circle and eat pies. Later, more math and science lovers celebrated Pi Day on March 14th each year. On November 26th, 2019, Pi Day was recognized (正式认定) as the International Day of Mathematics. Pi Day is celebrated in different ways. There are games in which people try to memorize as many decimal places (小数点后位数) as they can. There are pie-eating contests. Then, at 3:14 p. m., there are special events. For example, people get free pies at some parties. Today, Pi is not just a number. 1．What is pi in this passage? A．A circle. B．A pie. C．A number. 2．What is pi used for? A．Keeping the circles small. B．Finding the size of circles. C．Helping memorize the number. 3．When was Pi first celebrated? A．On March 14th, 1988. B．On March 14th, 2019. C．On November 26th, 2019. 4．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 3? A．How people memorize pi. B．How people get free pies. C．How people celebrate Pi Day. 5．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．A special festival. B．A math symbol. C．Pi and Pi Day. 02（2024·山东威海·中考真题） Ancient China amazed the world with its wisdom. Some of its inventions continue to influence us today. Four Chinese irrigation sites (灌溉点) were added to the 2018 list of World Heritage Irrigation Structures (世界灌溉工程遗产). Let’s take a look at these amazing sites. Dujiangyan Dujiangyan is a wonder in the world history of irrigation structures. More than 2, 000 years ago, Chengdu was in danger because of flood from the Minjiang River. Li Bing, a local official, designed the Dujiangyan irrigation system, which could control the water run from the mountains to the Chengdu Plain all year round. Changqu Canal Changqu Canal, also known as Baiqi Canal, is in the city of Xiangyang in Hubei province. It is 48 km long in total and it was first used to transport soldiers. It was later used for irrigation—in fact, it is still used to provide water to more than 30, 000 mu (20 square km) of farmland. Lingqu Canal Located in Xing’an county, Guangxi Province, Lingqu Canal was built 2, 000 years ago. It is the oldest canal in the world. It was built to transport things for the army. “It magically lowers the pressure of transportation along the north and south waterways,” according to the Travel China Guide. It also turned Xing’ an into an agriculturally (农业) developed area. Jiang- Xi Dam The Jiang- Xi Dam in Zhejiang province in fact includes two dams— the Jiang and Xi dams. Built in the 14th century, it improved life for local people for centuries. It not only plays an important role in irrigation, but also is good for environmental protection. 6．Which was built to fight against water? A．Dujiangyan. B．Changqu Canal. C．Lingqu Canal. 7．Which is true about Changqu Canal? A．It is also called Baiqi Canal. B．It is still important for the army. C．It was first built for the farmland. 8．What can we know about Lingqu Canal? A．Why and how it was built. B．When and why it was built. C．When and how it was built. 9．Which of the following is the youngest irrigation system? A．Dujiangyan. B．Lingqu Canal. C．Jiang- Xi Dam. 10．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To give advice on controlling the water. B．To show ancient Chinese wisdom to the world. C．To introduce the long and rich Chinese history. 03（2024·山东威海·中考真题） ①Almost everybody has had pimples (青春痘). It is a normal part of growing up. When kids reach teens, their bodies experience many changes. During this period, most teenagers often develop pimples. Also, many people continue to have pimples after teens. What can a teenager or an adult do to deal with pimples? Unluckily, many ways are really just myths. ②Many people believe that popping (挤) pimples is the best way. Popping a pimple will cause more redness and pain, or even probably turn into an illness. For that reason, doctors normally encourage people not to pop their pimples. ③Also, do you think that washing your face often will be helpful? Of course, it is a good idea, but washing your face too much could make the skin painful, making the pimples even worse. ④Another widely believed myth is that not wearing make-up (化妆) can help lower the chance of developing pimples. In fact, some kinds of make-up actually have special medicine in them to fight pimples. As a result, not all of them are bad for you. ⑤Along with make-up, people believe that eating fatty foods or chocolate can cause pimples. The truth is that eating a candy or a piece of pizza will not cause pimples. Even so, both teenagers and adults should still try to eat foods that are good for their bodies and their skin. ⑥Another myth is that stress can cause pimples. Stress comes in many forms, like a big exam at school or problems with friends. While it is true that stress can cause a person’s skin to create extra oil, this extra oil does not necessarily cause more pimples. 11．What’s the doctors’ advice on pop ping pimples? A．People should do it. B．You’d better not do it. C．It’s the best way to do it. 12．According to Paragraphs 3—6, what might cause pimples? A．Washing face. B．Eating a candy. C．Extra oil created on the skin. 13．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “myths”? A．Proper ways. B．Wrong thoughts. C．Normal problems. 14．Who can get help most from the passage? A．People who have trouble with pimples. B．Adults who have unhealthy eating habits. C．Students who have much stress on exams. 15．What’s the structure of this passage? A． B． C． 04（2024·山东泰安·中考真题） The Classical Gardens of Suzhou, which are also called Suzhou Gardens, are a group of beautiful gardens in the city of Suzhou in Jiangsu Province of China. The first classical garden was created during the Spring and Autumn Period in the 6th century BC． More gardens were built in the following centuries and most of them were private gardens of scholars (学者) and officials of that time. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the construction (建设) of the gardens came to its prime time because of the prosperity (繁荣) of Suzhou in that period. It is said that there were more than 200 gardens all over the city and Suzhou was famous as the “paradise on earth” and the “City of Gardens”. Nowadays, 19 of the 69 well-protected gardens are open to the public as tourist attractions. Among them, some famous gardens are regarded as typical examples of Suzhou Gardens, such as Humble Administrator’s Garden, Lingering Garden, Master of the Nets Garden and so on. Suzhou Gardens in many ways explain the ideas behind classic Chinese garden design (设计). Their owners were not just interested in having a pleasing arrangement (安排) of plants and flowers: they used history, philosophy, art and architecture(建筑学) in their designs. Each element (要素) of a classical Chinese garden—each hill, pond, plant and rock—is filled with meaning. Although every element was carefully designed, the end goal was always to have a garden which looked like it was created by nature, without the help of human hands. Suzhou Gardens represent the development and maturity (成熟) of Chinese garden design of more than two thousand years. They are national 5A tourist attractions in China and two groups of them were added to UNESCO World Cultural Heritage List (世界文化遗产名录) in 1997 and 2000. 16．When was the first classical Suzhou garden built? A．During the Ming Dynasty. B．During the Qing Dynasty. C．In the 5th century BC． D．During the Spring and Autumn Period. 17．What does the third paragraph mainly tell us? A．The history of Suzhou Gardens. B．The ideas behind the design of Suzhou Gardens. C．The typical examples of Suzhou Gardens. D．The great achievements of Suzhou Gardens. 18．What does the underlined word “represent” mean in the last paragraph? A．代表 B．报道 C．预言 D．讲述 19．What can we learn from the passage? A．Half of the well-protected gardens are open to the public. B．Each element of a classical Chinese garden has its meaning. C．Suzhou Gardens were built without the help of human hands. D．All the gardens were built for scholars and officials in the past. 05（2024·山东泰安·中考真题） Three ways to get involved with Earth DayEarth Day is on April 22nd every year. It aims to raise awareness (意识) about how to look after the world and encourages people to make small changes to help protect the environment. Here are three ways to get involved with Earth Day. Go on a sound huntGet close to nature by going out on a sound hunt (寻找). Head outside and listen to the noises all around you. You might hear the birds singing, wind in the trees or the rain pattering (发出嗒嗒声) on the ground. Make a record of what you can hear, where you heard it and when. Make an Earth Day posterCelebrate Earth Day by creating a poster to show at school or at home. The theme of this year’s Earth Day is Planet vs. Plastics. Have a think about how you might visualize (使……可见) this on a poster. Perhaps you’d like to do some research, including some facts about plastic production. Have a plastic-free dayWhy not go plastic-free for a day? You can do this by not buying, or using any single-use plastic on Earth Day. Single-use plastic is plastic that is only used once before being thrown away. Many food and drink items are packaged (包装) in single-use plastic. Although it may be a challenge, it is possible and might help you form new planet-friendly habits. 20．Amy is a creative girl and she is very good at drawing. What does she probably do to celebrate Earth Day? A．Go on a sound hunt. B．Make an Earth Day poster. C．Have a plastic-free day. D．Spend enjoyable time with her family. 21．To go plastic-free for a day, you’d better ________. A．go shopping with plastic bags B．buy snacks that are packaged in single-use plastic C．not buy or use any single-use plastic D．throw away all the plastic bags in your house 22．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? A．Earth Day is on April 22nd every year. B．You can get close to nature by going on a sound hunt. C．The theme of this year’s Earth Day is Earth for All. D．Three ways to get involved with Earth Day are mentioned. 06（2024·山东泰安·中考真题） When you look up at the night sky, what do you see? 80% of people around the world see nothing but skyglow (天光，人为白昼现象). This man-made brightening of the sky masks the stars. The night sky has played an important role in human life for thousands of years. Ancient peoples named the constellations (星座). Around the same time, Polynesian sailors used the sun and stars to sail on the sea in the correct direction. Later, the Maya civilization (文明) used the position of the stars to predict the changing of the seasons. But today, few people are able to see sky full of stars. So what happened? Light pollution is the reason. When man-made light enters into the night sky, it hides the stars. This excess (过多的) light comes from streetlights, office buildings, stores, flashing billboards, etc. Of course, people in modern societies need to light the night. Nighttime driving, walking, working, exercising, and more are all safer with man-made outdoor lighting. However, too much light at night can be harmful. It masks the stars and disturbs our natural sleep patterns, causing greater risk of cancer and heart disease. Light pollution can be greatly reduced (减少) with a few simple actions. The first is to stop wasting light. Outdoor lights can be covered so that the light shines down to the ground only where it’s needed. People can be more careful about using lights only when and where they are necessary. Besides, people can choose light bulbs (灯泡) with the smallest effective amount of brightness. Most bright white lights, including LEDs, give off a large amount of shorter-wavelength (波长较短的) blue light, which brightens the sky more than any other color of light. Choosing light bulbs with longer-wavelength light in yellow or orange can help prevent harmful light pollution. 23．By studying the night sky full of stars, ancient peoples did a lot except ________. A．naming the constellations B．sailing on the sea in the correct direction C．predicting the changing of the seasons D．letting man-made light enter into the night sky 24．Today most people can’t see the night sky full of stars because of ________. A．the excess light caused by humans B．the reduction of stars C．the changes in the position of stars D．the influence of weather 25．What does the last paragraph mainly tell us? A．How to save electricity in our daily lives. B．How to choose light bulbs correctly. C．Two ways of reducing light pollution. D．The advantages and disadvantages of man-made light. 26．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? A．Too much light at night can do harm to people’s health. B．Man-made light hides the stars when it enters into the night sky. C．In ancient times, the night sky played an important role in human life. D．Choosing shorter-wavelength blue light can help prevent harmful light pollution. 07（2024·山东青岛·中考真题） At M. E. School in Tucson, Arizona, raising fish at school was one small answer to a big problem: many people in the neighborhood didn’t have enough food. The students could eat breakfast and lunch at school, but their families didn’t always have enough money for dinner. Buying fresh foods, such as vegetables and meat, was difficult. The teachers had an idea: could the students raise food at school for the neighborhood? It wouldn’t be easy. There isn’t enough water in Tucson because it is in a desert. Soil (土壤) doesn’t always have the nutrients (营养) that plants need to grow, so the students would need natural helpers. To solve the problem, the school set up a system in which fish poop makes plants grow better and the plants’ roots (根) clean the water in the fish tank. Students do research on the fish. “I did a task in the project on how much tilapia eat.” says Emmanuel. “We wanted to see if they preferred to eat in warm or cold water. They liked warm water better.” Fish aren’t the only animals that help students feed their neighbors. Chickens lay eggs. Bees also come to help turn flowers into vegetables. When the students have raised enough food, it’s time for Market Day. Vegetables are given to people in the neighborhood for free. Students sell eggs and tilapia to raise money for seeds (种子), fish food and chicken food. “People don’t have a lot of money, so it’s a nice dream we have to give them food. It’s also a chance to be healthy and eat better.” says Emmanuel. “We can plant good food and have fun while we’re doing something important,” says Blanks. “I’m so happy to be at this school.” 27．Why did the teachers at M. E. School decide to raise food for the neighborhood? ①The families in the neighborhood were poor. ②People there wanted a market for fresh foods. ③Students wanted to learn bow to grow vegetables. ④The natural condition isn’t proper for growing plants. A．①③ B．②④ C．①④ D．②③ 28．Which picture can describe the project according to the passage? A． B． C． D． 29．Which word can be used to describe the project in the school? A．Traditional. B．Creative. C．Professional. D．Private. 30．What can we infer (推断) from the last two paragraphs? A．The project has been widely spread. B．Eggs and tilapia are sold at a good price. C．The project brings the students a feeling of pride. D．Students have raised enough money to buy vegetables. 31．What is the best title of the passage? A．A Story of Helping the Poor. B．An Experience in the Desert. C．A Project from Seeds to Sales. D．A Dream of Giving Vegetables. 08（2024·山东济宁·中考真题） 32．What should you do if you find a baby bird hurt? A．Just leave it there. B．Call the animal center. C．Put it back to its nest. D．Feed it with healthy food. 33．Why should you do nothing about an unhurt baby bird with feathers? A．Because you might hurt it. B．Because it is learning to fly. C．Because it is afraid of people D．Because its mother will find it soon. 34．Which of the following is TRUE about mother birds? A．They don’t care about their babies. B．They push their babies out of their nest. C．They don’t mind the smell of people on their babies. D．They will give up their babies if there’s smell of people on them. 35．Where do you most probably find this passage? A．In a newspaper. B．In an engineer’s diary. C．In a tourist guide book. D．In a student’s notebook. 09（2024·山东日照·中考真题） When you take the subway, you might notice many people, old and young, listening to audiobooks instead of reading paper books. Audiobooks have become quite popular these days. Why are more and more people choosing audiobooks over traditional books? Is listening to an audiobook just as good as reading a paper book? You need to find time available and a quiet place to sit down and read. However, you can listen to audiobooks anytime and anywhere you like, and it gives your eyes a break, too. But the big question is, do we get as much knowledge from audiobooks as we do from paper books? Researchers did an experiment to find the answer. Volunteers in Group One were asked to listen to an audiobook while volunteers in Group Two read a book of the same content (内容). It turned out that they recalled as much information, whether they listened to or read it. Another study from The Journal of Neuroscience further supported the result above. In the study, researchers scanned (扫描) people’s brains when they listened to and read books. The result showed that listening to audiobooks activated (激活) almost the same parts of the brain as reading did. However, some people still believe that they learn better from reading paper books. One reason might be that when we listen to audiobooks, we are often doing some other tasks at the same time. “If you’re trying to learn while doing two things, you’ re not going to learn as well,” Daniel Willingham, a researcher at the University of Virginia, told The New York Times. 36．Why are more and more people choosing audiobooks over paper books? A．They are easier to take. B．They offer choices in content. C．They improve people’s eyesight. D．They free people in time and place. 37．What did researchers find in the study? A．People recalled more information from reading paper books. B．Listening activated different parts of the brain from reading. C．People can read and listen to the same content at the same time. D．Listening makes no difference in recalling information from reading. 38．What can we infer from the text? A．People need to stay focused while reading. B．People often do other tasks while listening. C．People actually learn better from audiobooks. D．People have to activate the brain to learn better. 39．How is the text organized? (①=Paragraph 1,②=Paragraph 2,…) A． B． C． D． 10（2024·山东日照·中考真题） Best Theatres in London Sondheim Theatre Set up in 1970, it has been one of the most popular theatres in London that house some famous plays, one of which is Les Miserables that has been continuously performed there up to now. Inside there are 3 coffee bars. Website: www.sondheimtheatre.co.ukLyceum Theatre Since 1765, it has been hosting different activities over the year and has been closed and reopened several times. And it has been home of The Lion King for over 18 years. It also has bars, Wi-fi, and a shop that sells theatre goods. Website: www.thelyceumtheatre.comPrince Edward Theatre Built in 1929, it is home to some of the best-known plays and performances in the history of London theatre, like Peter Pan, Jersey Boys, and Anything Goes. It offers friendly service for the disabled. It has 5 coffee bars to choose from. Website: www.princeedwardtheatre.co.ukShakespeare’s Globe It is a world-famous culture theatre, where you can enjoy Hamlet, Romeo and Juliet, King Henry IV... any play by Shakespeare in the open air. Being a good place for the whole family, it offers a lot of activities—workshops, storytelling meetings and story tours, which both children and adults would love. Website: www.shakespearesglobe.com 40．Which play will you enjoy if you go to Lyceum Theatre? A．Anything Goes. B．The Lion King. C．Les Miserables. D．Romeo and Juliet. 41．Which would the disabled choose to go to? A．Sondheim Theatre. B．Prince Edward Theatre. C．Lyceum Theatre. D．Shakespeare’s Globe. 42．Where can a family book the tickets for a play in the open air? A．www.sondheimtheatre.co.uk B．www.thelyceumtheatre.com C．www.shakespearesglobe.com D．www.princeedwardtheatre.co.uk 11（2024·山东日照·中考真题） Sounds from human activities spread across the ocean, causing much trouble to ocean animals. However, according to a new study, climate change might influence how sound travels through the water. Human-caused climate change influences the ocean in many ways, such as changing its temperature, salt level, and acidity (酸度). For example, when the water becomes more acidic, it can’t take in certain sounds. So those sounds travel further, adding to the noise in some areas. However, this effect (影响) is not as big as other changes. Changes like temperature and salt level can affect how the ocean’s different layers (层) mix. That, in turn, affects how sound travels. Researchers used computers to model how those changes influence noise levels across the ocean. They compared the models of the world now to those of the world in about 70 years if climate change continues. In the North Atlantic, they saw an increase in sound levels in the upper 125 meters of the Ocean. This was caused mostly by ice melting (融化) from Greenland, forming a cold layer of water near the Ocean’s surface. When sound travels through water, it turns toward the coldest layer. This made sound waves get stuck in the cold top layer and spread further out across the water instead of traveling deeper. As a result, the sound became louder at this depth in the North Atlantic. The rising noise levels in the Atlantic Ocean are worrying as they could disturb animals’ communication, hunting and travelling. Sharks already avoid loud ships, but with noise levels increasing everywhere, what will happen? 43．What has a bigger effect on ocean noise? A．Sea level. B．Wind speed. C．Water temperature. D．Ocean acidity. 44．How did researchers carry out the study? A．By modeling changes in ocean noise levels. B．By finding areas with increasing ocean noise. C．By doing field research in the North Atlantic. D．By comparing today’s ice size to that of the future. 45．What do we know about the sound traveling through water? A．It can be easily blocked by ice. B．It can get stuck by the seaside. C．It goes towards the colder areas. D．It travels faster in the deep ocean. 46．What is the main idea of the text? A．Ice melting brings changes to water level. B．Some ocean animals keep away from ships. C．The more the ocean is acidic, the more sounds it takes in. D．Climate change may influence the way sounds travel in the ocean. 12（2024·山东菏泽·中考真题） A Chinese song contest (比赛) for overseas Chinese was held in London on Sunday. It was organized by the London Chinatown Chinese Association. Twenty competitors were divided into three age groups: adults (18-40), juniors (12-17) and children (5-11). The contest awarded one gold, one silver and one bronze prize for each group. The winners will attend the final contest in Beijing this summer. In a welcome speech, Jiang Lei, consul general of the Chinese Embassy (中国大使馆总领事) in the UK, said the contest is a great platform to show the talents of overseas Chinese and promote (弘扬) traditional Chinese culture. “2024 marks the Year of the Dragon. It’s especially meaningful for overseas Chinese to get together and sing Chinese songs. I believe that these young competitors will move from today’s small stage to larger ones in the future,” she said. Jacky Zhao, a 15-year-old boy, got a silver prize. “It was my first stage performance here, which I think can help me get used to the life in the UK,” he said. Li Siyu, in a traditional Chinese horse-face skirt, performed the song Qingming Shanghe Tu. By mixing classical Chinese dance and Peking opera into her performance, Li successfully showed the beauty of the traditional Chinese culture to the world. The contest has been held for 14 years since 2011. More than 45,000 competitors from around the world attended it. It has become one of the most popular cultural events for overseas Chinese. 47．Which age group did Jacky Zhao come from? A．Adults. B．Juniors. C．Children. 48．What is the main purpose of the contest? A．To raise money for children. B．To sing Qingming Shanghe Tu. C．To promote traditional Chinese culture. 49．Which of the following best shows the structure (结构) of the passage? (P1=Paragraph 1…) A． B． C． 50．What could be the best title for the passage? A．A Chinese Song Contest in London B．A Traditional Chinese Horse-face Skirt C．A Final Chinese Song Contest in Beijing 13（2024·山东济宁·中考真题） Sometimes when the rain falls hard and fast on you, it might hurt a little. But what happens when it hits a mosquito (蚊子)? In 2012, David Hu, a scientist at Georgia Tech, became interested in this problem and decided to do a research. He used a high-speed camera so that he could watch the mosquitoes in very slow motion and find out what they’re doing when they’re out in the rain. What he found is that when a raindrop falls on a mosquito, it’s like when a bus hits a person. Besides, the little insect (昆虫) is hit by a raindrop about once every 20 seconds. So why don’t we see many dead mosquitoes after it rains? A mosquito is as big as a raindrop, but it is much lighter —0.002g only. This saves its life in raindrop hits. Because the mosquito is so light, when it is hit by a raindrop, it won’t experience a force that is strong enough to kill it. The study also found that when a mosquito is hit by a raindrop, the insect is pushed by the raindrop and falls together with it. But the mosquito doesn’t get wet easily because it is covered with hairs which keep off water. After dropping about 6 cm, it will roll off the raindrop and fly away. However, this trick isn’t always successful. If the mosquito flies too low when it is hit by the raindrop, it won’t have time to fly off. Then it will hit the ground and meet its death. 51．What does the underlined word “motion” mean? A．Time. B．Movie. C．Step. D．Movement. 52．What protect mosquitoes in the rain? A．Their mouths and their noses. B．Their eyes and their ears. C．Their legs and their wings. D．Their body weight and their hairs. 53．When is it dangerous for a mosquito in the rain? A．When it flies too close to the ground. B．When the rain falls too hard and too fast. C．When it is hit by raindrops too many times. D．When it drops for more than 6 cm in the rain. 54．Which of the following is a proper title for the passage? A．How Raindrops Hurt Mosquitoes B．When Mosquitoes Are in Danger C．Why Mosquitoes Aren’t Hurt in Rain D．When Mosquitoes Meet Their Death 14（2024·山东临沂·中考真题） It can be really embarrassed if someone sees you talking to yourself. But don’t feel bad about it! Talking to yourself actually has a lot of advantages. You probably know that thinking is good for the brain. It helps us do things like making plans and managing our feelings. Talking to yourself loud is like showing this quiet inner (内在的) speech. It can help us do better in different areas like school, sports and work. Talking to yourself, especially in the third person, can help us manage bad feelings. “Talking to yourself in the third person is like giving yourself advice,” said Jason Moser, a professor (教授) from Michigan State University, US. Moser uses himself in an example. He does not like flying, but he has to fly often for his work. So when he is feeling nervous or afraid during a flight (航班), he talks to himself. “Well, you know, Jason knows air travel is very safe. And Jason has been on thousands of flights.” This can help us to see things from a different aspect (角度), especially when we’re feeling sad or angry. When encouragement comes from oneself, it adds to self-confidence. A study invited 72 tennis players to take part in some matches. Researchers (调查者) put the players into two groups: one group that said nothing while playing, and the other that talked to themselves while playing. They found that the self-talkers showed more confidence and played better than those in the silent group. Self-talk also helps to improve memory. Researchers tested four different ways to memorize things: reading silently, reading aloud, listening to someone else read and listening to a recording of oneself reading. Those who read out loud recalled the information the best, researchers said in their study. It’s because the information will probably become a long-term memory if it is said out loud. 55．What does the underlined word “It” refer to (指代) in Paragraph 2? A．Talking to yourself. B．The brain. C．Thinking. 56．How does the writer show his opinion in Paragraph 3? A．By listing numbers. B．By giving an example. C．By comparing himself with others. 57．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 4? A．Talking to yourself helps to find out the best players. B．Talking to yourself helps to improve players’ talking skills. C．Talking to yourself helps to make you more confident. 58．Which of the following best shows the structure (结构) of the passage? (P =Paragraph) A． B． C． 15（2024·山东菏泽·中考真题） Orangutan means “person of the forest” in the Malay language. Orangutans are great apes (猿). Wild orangutans live on two islands—Sumatra and Borneo in Southeast Asia. Orangutans have long and powerful arms, fingers and toes. These help them climb and swing between trees in the rainforest. Orangutans mostly eat fruit. They also eat leaves, flowers, and sometimes insects. Over 300 different types of food have been found in their diet. Orangutans play a very important role in spreading fruit and plant seeds in the forest. This helps to keep their rainforest home healthy. Orangutans are smart and intelligent. They create and use tools to get seeds from fruit. They also use tools to catch insects from the insides of trees. Orangutans memorize the rainforest where they live. This helps them know which trees have ripe (成熟的) fruit. They build a sleeping nest each night made of branches (树枝) and leaves. However, orangutans are in great danger. Scientists say that there are less than 62, 000 orangutans remaining in the wild. Young orangutans are sometimes caught and sold as pets. Orangutans are also hunted for food. The biggest problem is that orangutans are losing their homes. Millions of rainforests are cut down each year for palm oil (棕榈油). Palm oil can be used to make candy bars, cookies, shampoos, soaps, and pet food. Most of the palm oil produced in the world is from Sumatra and Borneo. Wildlife organizations are working hard to help protect the remaining rainforests. If the rainforests disappear, orangutans will disappear forever. 59．What are orangutans? A．Rainforests. B．Great apes. C．Islands. 60．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．Why orangutans create and use tools. B．Where orangutans build a sleeping nest. C．How smart and intelligent orangutans are. 61．Which is the main reason why orangutans are in great danger? A．Orangutans are caught as pets. B．People hunt orangutans for food. C．Millions of rainforests are cut down. 62．In which section of a website can we probably read the passage? A．Fantastic Wildlife. B．Modern Technology. C．Famous People. 16（2024·山东东营·中考真题） We’ve all seen pictures of camels carrying heavy loads (负载物) across the sandy desert. They walk without stopping for food or water for several days. Have you ever wondered how they do it? For your answer, take a look at the bag round hump which is on a camel’s back. Camels are the only animals with humps. And it’s the hump that gives camels the amazing ability to go for long periods of time without food or water. The hump is like a spare cupboard (备用食物柜) where the camel stores (储存) food and water for days when there is nothing to eat or drink. When life is good, and there is plenty to eat and drink, a camel’s hump can grow to as big as 40 kilograms. The food is changed into fat (脂防) and stored in the camel’s bump. When there is nothing to eat or drink, camels begin to use the stored fat in their humps. That’s why they can continue to live for weeks without food and up to 10 days without water. Camels are like sponges. They can take in more than 130 litres of water in one short drink. In only a few minutes, all of this water goes directly to the camel’s blood cells (组胞). Camels save water too. They never know when they’ll find the next watering hole. As they breathe out, their noses close quickly. The water in the breath stays in their bodies. After a long trek across the desert carrying 100 kilograms or more, a camel can lose up to 150 kilograms of weight. The camel’s hump will become very small. As soon as this camel gets to an oasis (绿洲), it will take in hundreds of litres of water. In a day, it will get back most of its weight. Nature really has given camels the perfect system for living the hard desert life. 63．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The shape of the hump. B．The habit of the camel. C．The function (功能) of the hump. D．The ability of the camel 64．Which is TRUE about the hump? A．The hump stores different kinds of food. B．The hump always stays the same size. C．The hump can store more than 130 litres water. D．The weight of the hump depends on eating conditions. 65．What does the underlined word “sponges” mean? A．海绵 B．弹簧 C．水桶 D．吸管 66．Why docs the writer use some numbers in this passage? A．To explain the facts more clearly. B．To express the ideas more politely. C．To make the article more educational. D．To make the language more beautiful. 67．What does the writer mainly want to tell us? A．Camels have some amazing abilities. B．Camels are good helpers for desert people. C．Camels have a great quality of never wasting water. D．Camels have a perfect system for living in the desert. 17（2024·山东烟台·中考真题） A Long March 5 rocket took off from the Wenchang Space Launch Site in Hainan province on May 3, 2024. After flying for about 37 minutes, it successfully placed the Chang’e 6 robotic lunar probe (月球探测器) into an Earth-moon transfer trajectory (转移轨道). Several days later the probe was programmed to land on the moon’s far side and started its tasks, which would last about 53 days. This is the world’s first try to bring samples (样本) from the moon’s far side. For China, it’s the second sample-return moon journey. Chang’e 5 successfully brought samples from the moon in the winter of 2020. Up to now, 10 moon sample-return tasks have been carried out by the United States, the former Soviet Union (前苏联) and China, but all these samples were collected from the moon’s near side. The moon’s far side has always been a subject of scientific wonder because of its many mysteries. It’s facing away from Earth and it can never be seen from Earth. It was once called the “dark side of the moon” even though it receives just as much sunlight as the near side. Chinese researchers have found that the soil on the far side is much thicker than that on the near side, but they haven’t found out the reason. Samples brought back by Chang’e 5 have helped scientists find that there were volcanic (火山的) activities on the near side around 2 billion years ago. Some scientists thought maybe volcanoes became inactive on the far side about 4 billion years ago. Is it true? Samples from the far side will allow them to know the answer. “Comparing the make-up of the far side samples from Chang’e 6 with those collected from the near side will be of great scientific value to the international community,” said Martin Sweeting, a famous professor of space engineering. 68．When did Chang’e 6 begin to work on the moon? A．On May 3, 2024. B．After flying for about 37 minutes. C．In the winter of 2020. D．After landing on the moon’s far side. 69．How many times has China got samples from the moon’s near side? A．Once. B．Twice. C．Five times. D．Ten times. 70．According to the passage, the moon’s far side ________. A．receives less sunlight than the near side B．has thicker soil compared with the near side C．can be seen from Earth with powerful cameras D．has more recent volcanic activities than the near side 71．What can we learn from Martin Sweeting’s words? A．Chang’e 6 will stay longer on the moon for more tasks. B．Chang’e 6 is carrying out a valuable task for the world. C．Chang’e 6 will bring samples from both sides of the moon. D．Chang’e 6 can compare samples before bringing them back. 18（2024·山东滨州·中考真题） Zigong, in Sichuan Province is home to Chinese lanterns. Zigong lantern is known as the best lantern in the world. The Zigong Lantern Festival dates back to the Tang Dynasty. The festival has rapidly developed with traditional culture and modern technologies. In 2008, the Zigong Lantern Festival was listed as a national intangible cultural heritage(国家级非物质文化遗产), becoming a shining name card for Chinese culture to go out into the world. “Making a huge lantern for exhibition requires 17 steps,” said Wan Songtao, an inheritor (传承人) of Zigong lantern-making. “Each step is finished by a team instead of a single maker.” Wan added. The sundial (日晷), a kind of lantern, made by Wan’s team, for example, took about 80 makers over 50 days to complete the whole process. Unlike the lanterns in other places, Zigong lanterns use modern technologies such as AI, mechanical engineering (机械工程), and holography (全息摄影术). They are perfect combinations (结合) of lights, sounds and movements. What’s more, the theme of the lantern can be chosen in different ways. “Anything that can be designed on a lantern can make a wonderful show, and everyone is encouraged to turn their ideas into real works,” said Zhang Fanglai, a leading researcher at the Colorful Lantern Museum of China. And the rich themes of Zigong lanterns show the spirit of creativity and warmth from the bottom of the local people’s heart. The government encourages local people to learn lantern-making widely. Without doubt, at the heart of the Zigong Lantern Festival’s success is the local tradition of pulling together. Zigong lanterns are getting more and more popular. Driven by the collective efforts of the whole city, they have reached over 80 countries. It’s believed that Zigong lanterns will reach every corner of the world in the future. 72．Which of the following poets could probably enjoy Zigong lanterns? A．Cao Cao. B．Li Bai. C．Tao Yuanming. D．Cao Zhi. 73．What can we infer(推断) from Paragraph 2? ①Holography is a kind of traditional technology. ②It’s hard for makers to complete a huge lantern for exhibition. ③Zigong lanterns are different from the lanterns in other places. ④The workers of Zigong lantern making work together in a team. A．①②③ B．①④ C．②③④ D．②③ 74．According to the passage, what’s Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The rich themes of Zigong lanterns. B．The long history of Zigong lanterns. C．The excellent inheritors of Zigong lanterns. D．The modern technologies of Zigong lanterns. 75．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．People in Zigong. B．Zigong lanterns. C．The makers of Zigong lanterns. D．Many museums. 76．Which of the following best shows the structure of this passage? （①=Paragraph1, ②=Paragraph 2...） A． B． C． D． 19（2024·山东滨州·中考真题） As a country powerful in math, China has many folk games full of math wisdom (智慧). You may play many of them before. Let’s take a look at three of them. Chinese nine linked rings puzzleIt’s believed that the nine linked rings puzzle was created in the Western Han Dynasty. And it is usually made up of nine rings connected to a handle (手柄). Players have to remove (移除) all the rings from the handle to win the game. This is not a simple game. The solution takes 341 moves, so lots of patience is required. But if you learn to solve it, it’s hard to forget. TangramFirst popular in the Ming and Qing dynasties, the tangram is a puzzle made up of seven pieces of different shapes. For each puzzle, players need to use all the pieces to make a shape. To do it, they have to know about geometry (几何学). In the 18th century, the tangram was brought to the West and soon became popular there. Luban lockThe Luban lock was first created by Lu Ban 2,000 years ago. The lock has a lot to do with solid geometry (立体几何). It’s hard to separate the six pieces. However, it is usually easier to unlock a Luban lock than to put it back together. Now, there are Luban locks made up of nine or more pieces. 77．Which of the following subjects do the three folk games have to do with? A．English. B．Music. C．Math. D．Chemistry. 78．_________ is first popular in the Ming and Qing dynasties. A．Tangram B．Luban lock C．Chinese nine linked rings puzzle D．Nine-square Grid 79．From the passage we can learn that _________. A．there are Luban locks made up of only six pieces now B．the tangram was brought to the West in the 19th century C．it is usually more difficult to unlock a Luban lock than to put it back together D．players have to remove nine rings from the handle to win the nine linked rings puzzle 80．Where can you probably read the passage? A．In a story book. B．In a science book. C．In a travel magazine. D．In a sports magazine. 81．The writer wrote the passage mainly to _________. A．explain the ways to learn math B．share his skills of playing folk games C．tell us the importance of learning math well D．introduce folk games with math wisdom in China (2023中考真题） （2023·山东德州·中考真题） Scientists train AI to read human thoughts Scientists have created a new tool that can turn people’s thoughts into words. It works by using an AI program called GPT-1 to translate brain activity words. In order to achieve this, scientists did a lot. First, scientists got everything ready before the tests. They invited some volunteers. Each spent sixteen hours listening to stories in a scanner (扫描仪). They imagined the stories as they heard them, and the scanner recorded their brain activity. GPT-1 made connections between the ideas in the stories and the recordings of the listeners’ brain activity. Then came the tests. The scientists did them in three different ways. Test 1 The researchers played a new story. GPT-1 was only given recordings of the volunteers’ brain activity. But the words that GPT-1 predicted (预测) were very similar to the words in the story that they were listening to. The words weren’t exactly the same, but they often carried the same meaning. For example, when a volunteer was listening to a story about a woman who didn't have a driver’s license (驾照), the program came up with this: “She hasn’t even started to learn to drive yet.” Test 2 The scientists also carried out the test when volunteers imagined their own stories. “It really works at the level of ideas. The ideas are the same but expressed in different words,” says Alexander Huth, one of the scientists behind the study. Test 3 The researchers showed the volunteers silent movies, with no spoken words at all. GPT-1 could still figure out (算出) the basic ideas. After the tests, the scientists say that GPT-1 is the first AI program to turn what people are thinking into words without brain surgery (外科手术). The tool isn’t something that can be easily used today, mainly because of the size and the cost of the scanner. In the future, they believe, a similar but cheaper tool could help people who have lost the ability to speak because of an injury or disease. The scientists say their tool can’t be used to “read people’s minds” without permission (允许). The tool only works if the person wants to share their thoughts. 1．What was the scanner used to do? A．Record brain activity. B．Read the volunteers’ ideas. C．Catch the ideas of stories. D．Work out the ideas. 2．What was GPT-1 used to do? A．Receive sounds. B．Test the scanner. C．Produce silent movies. D．Turn recordings of brain activity into words. 3．In which way was information put into volunteers’ brain in Test 3? A．Listening. B．Imagining. C．Watching. D．Reading. 4．Why did scientists do the tests? A．To show how the tool works. B．To prove that the tool works well. C．To test in which fields the tool can be used. D．To study whose mind can be read. 5．Who could the tool help according to the passage? A．People who can’t speak. B．People who can’t hear. C．People who can’t read. D．People who can’t drive. （2023·山东淄博·中考真题） Have you ever read Andersen’s fairy tale The Ugly Duckling (丑小鸭)? Do you know that his motherland is Denmark? It lies in northern Europe. Let me tell you something about it. You can find almost any fast food in Denmark, such as hamburgers and hot dogs. Danish open-faced sandwiches are not only delicious, but also pretty and fun. They are works of art. Tasting some is an experience that shouldn’t be missed. “Lego” toys were created in Denmark. The toys were made of wood before. Building with Legos helps students learn about engineering, physics and technology in a fun way. In 1968, the first Legoland theme park opened in Billund, Denmark. Today, there are Legoland parks in California, Florida, Malaysia, Dubai, Windsor, Japan and Germany. Bicycling is popular in Denmark. Nine out of ten Danes have a bike. They ride their bikes no matter what the weather. They aren’t just riding bikes for fun. They use bikes to get to work, to take their kids to places, and even to carry goods. Today, more and more people are choosing bikes over cars. They have a saying in Denmark: “A bicycle is a Dane’s best friend.” Denmark is called the land of fairy tales. Andersen’s another popular fairy tale is The Little Mermaid (美人鱼). The Little Mermaid statue (雕塑) has been regarded as Denmark’s most famous landmark since 1913. The Danes believe that she brings them good luck. 6．What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 1 refer to? A．The Ugly Duckling. B．Denmark. C．Europe. D．Fast food. 7．According to Paragraph 4, we can call Denmark “________”. A．the country of bikes B．the land of fairy stories C．the capital of art D．the home of Legos 8．Which of the following is true about the Little Mermaid statue? A．It’s called fairy land. B．It was built by Andersen. C．It welcomes the ships there. D．It has been there for about 110 years. 9．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．Fairy tales. B．Andersen’s life. C．Some facts about Denmark. D．The history of Denmark. （2023·山东菏泽·中考真题） The Heze Peony International Communication Forum(HPICF) was recently held in Heze, a city in Shandong Province. Heze, known as the “Peony Capital of China”, was put on the world stage. People from home and abroad came to the city and shared their ideas. The HPICF provided a platform for promoting (促进) peony cultural exchanges. Flowers are very important in every culture and they stand for love, friendship and happiness. Heze peonies have become a bridge to spread love and friendship around the world. The flower has a meaning of wealth, luck and prosperity (繁荣). In recent years, Heze peonies have shown in many important moments and also served as a special symbol to promote exchanges between China and the other countries. Heze has a history of more than 1,500 years of peony planting. It now has a peony planting area of about 26,667 hectares (公顷) and 1,280 kinds of peonies. In the near future, peony gardens will be built all over the world to promote cultural exchanges. Heze sets an example of how a city can make use of its treasure, like the peony culture, to connect with the world. The city has taken full advantage of its peony culture not only through the beauty, the poetry and art, but also through the international trade. The peony business in Heze has included both sightseeing (观光)and different kinds of products, such as seed oil, tea, cosmetics and healthy food. Its peony products have been brought to over 30 countries around the world. 10．Why was the Heze Peony International Communication Forum held? A．To build a bridge in Shandong Province. B．To help people from home and abroad. C．To promote peony cultural exchanges. 11．The peony has a meaning of ________ according to Paragraph 2. A．wealth, luck and prosperity B．sharing, speed and friendship C．kindness, health and happiness 12．What can we know about Heze peony? A．It has 1,280 different kinds of colors. B．It has a planting history of over 1,500 years. C．It’s grown in a garden of about 26,667 hectares. 13．What does the underlined word “cosmetics” refer to? A．A manager who sells peonies. B．A place of peony planting. C．A kind of peony product. （2023·山东菏泽·中考真题） Kristen Tapping, a graduate from London South Bank University, has invented a bike wheel that she says can help clean pollution from the air. It’s called Rolloe. The wheel uses fins to pull in air as it turns, It then uses filters (过滤器) to take in polluted air and give off clean air back into the environment. The wheel can filter more air if it goes faster, although it still works at low speeds. Tapping said users would need to change the filter every week, or after about 250 kilometers, to make sure the wheel continues to work well. The wheel fits in the front of a standard bike and weighs about one kilogram. Tapping said she was encouraged to create the wheel when she was biking around London. “In traffic, you always notice the pollution; the heat, the gases and the smell,” she said. She predicts that if 10 percent of cyclists (骑自行车的人) in London had a Rolloe on their bike, they could filter about 266,865 m³ of air a day, although this has yet to be tested. A recent report shows that London’s health costs because of air pollution are the highest out of the 432 European cities. The World Health Organization (WHO) has also said that outdoor air pollution causes about 4.2 million deaths around the world each year. Tapping wants to use the wheel on shared bike projects at first, with the aim of making the wheels available for all bikes to use. She says she would also like to create a wheel that would fit in the back of a bike, as well as making them available in different sizes. 14．What is Rolloe? A．A university. B．An invention. C．Air pollution. 15．Why should the user need to change the filter? A．To let the bike run faster. B．To help people lose weight. C．To make the wheel work well. 16．What is Kristen Tapping’s future plan? A．To clean about 266,865 m³ of air a day. B．To travel around 432 European cities by bike. C．To make the wheels available for all kinds of bikes. 17．What is the passage mainly about? A．A bike wheel created to clean the polluted air. B．A project that encourages people to ride bikes. C．A standard bike which weighs about one kilogram. （2023·山东济南·中考真题） A garden is much more than just creating a beautiful environment. It can be a way to save or even make money and, more than that, it can be a place where you can express yourself. For me, it’s a bit of all these things. I know it may sound strange for a 13-year-old girl to be interested in gardening, but I have always been and I would love to make a career (职业) out of it. I have learned many things these past few years. I have been reading about and doing some gardening. So, here is my top advice about gardening. First, you do not need to spend a lot of money to have a beautiful garden. Some of the gardens that I think are the prettiest are just lines of plants. There aren’t many garden decorations (装饰) and pathways. It’s just beautiful plants with fruits and vegetables. We can also find many useful things for free, from pieces of old wood to old pots and pans. Or, we can build things for free from materials that other people have thrown away. If you just remember that planting what is more than you need will take the stress away of losing some plants, you will save yourself a lot of worry, too. Besides, you need to ask yourself which plants produce enough food to make them worth growing. I actually sat down and did the maths on that one this spring. It amazed me what some plants were worth. A tomato, for example, can produce £50-£150 worth of fruit. It takes up a lot of space but that’s a lot of money coming out of a 50-pence seed (种子)! So if I had known earlier what each plant could save us, I would have told my parents to fill our garden with different plants. And finally, gardening doesn’t have to be all or nothing. But then I guess that’s more of a personality weakness than anything. I struggle with doing things a little at a time. Once I decide to do something, I usually devote every waking hour to it for a little while and then get tired. So it’s okay to just have one tomato plant, and it’s okay to have an off year. It will save you a lot of stress. 18．What does the writer want to tell us about gardening in paragraph 1? A．The gardeners can make much money. B．It’s just about creating a beautiful place. C．The most important is to express yourself. D．It means different things to different people. 19．How would the writer describe her favorite garden? A．Simple. B．Expensive. C．Magic. D．Creative. 20．What advice does the writer give us about gardening? A．Use what we can find around us. B．Try to make a career out of it. C．Ask other gardeners to give help. D．Spend as much time as we can. 21．What can we learn about the writer’s gardening experience? A．She wants to grow everything. B．She did everything right. C．She has a lot of fun in doing it. D．She needs to work harder. 22．What does the underlined word “devote” mean in the last paragraph? A．Waste. B．Spend. C．Change. D．Count. （2023·山东济南·中考真题） Warming temperatures and shorter winters might sound like the end of snow days. However, rising temperatures may actually cause snowstorms to dump more snow, says David Robinson. He is a professor at a university in New Jersey. He studies climate (气候) change. Temperature change is one of the greatest in Earth’s climate change over a long period of time. It can happen naturally or because of human activities, such as burning gas and coal. Burning these fuels produces carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) and other pollutants into the atmosphere, which hold heat in the atmosphere, leading to warmer global temperatures over time. But how could warmer temperatures lead to more snow? To get snow, you need moisture (水汽) and freezing temperatures (0℃ or less), says Robinson. Without moisture in the air, there is no precipitation (rain or snow). Robinson says there are signs that snowstorms are becoming stronger. This is because of this connection between moisture and precipitation. “The warmer the air becomes, the more moisture it holds. So, if it’s warming and still cold enough to snow, you can get more snow,” Robinson says. Of the 10 biggest snowfalls in D．C． region, five happened in the past 25 years, according to the NWS. During that same time period, average winter temperatures in D．C． increased. In 1996, the average winter temperature was 1.8℃. In 2020, it was 6℃. Weather experts suggest that rising temperatures may make winter shorter and less cold. But for now, the snow is still falling. One day, winter might not have any days below the freezing temperature. Once temperatures stay above freezing, snowstorms become rain. Until then, we might continue to see strong storms. According to Robinson, that time could come sooner than we think. He says, “When we look back, years from now, we may see that this was the breaking point.” 23．What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A．How Earth’s climate changes. B．What causes rising temperatures. C．What produces carbon dioxide. D．How pollution influences climate. 24．What will the warming temperatures cause according to the text? A．Less coal. B．Drier weather. C．Longer winters. D．Stronger snowstorms. 25．What is the purpose of paragraph 5? A．To introduce D．C． B．To report the biggest 10 snowstorms. C．To support Robinson’s ideas. D．To show the increase of temperatures. 26．What does Robinson think of the future warming temperatures? A．Impossible. B．Serious. C．Meaningless. D．Amazing. 27．Where is the text probably taken from? A．A science magazine. B．A story book. C．A science fiction. D．A travel guide. （2023·山东东营·中考真题） Hawaii Volcanoes National Park is a wonderful place to visit. Every year, over one million people visit Hawai Volcanoes National Park. There are two of the world’s most amazing volcanoes (火山) in it. One is among the most active volcanoes on the earth, the other is one of the biggest mountains on the earth. Both of them are active volcanoes. Every day, on the island of Hawali, lava (熔岩) comes out slowly from a volcano on the edge (边缘) of the ocean. When the lava cools, it turns into rock and makes this island a little bigger. Visitors can see the land change before their eyes. There are many interesting things to do in the park. It has lava tubes (隧道) that go to the sea. They are so big that visitors can walk through them. You can drive along a volcano or walk more than 150 miles (241 km) of trails (路径). Biking along the volcano’s paths and camping in the rainforest are also good choices. Hawaii Volcanoes National Park is home to wildlife. There are hundreds of protected animals, such as turtles, bats, insects, and many kinds of birds. The park also has many protected plants and trees. Almost all of its plants are found only in Hawail. Many plants have lived in and around the volcanoes for years. Enjoy — but watch your step! It’s almost impossible to know when a volcano will erupt (喷发). However, when the volcanoes possibly erupt, parts of the park close. This special park is never quiet for long. 28．In the park, visitors can ________. ①drive through lava tubes        ②walk more than 150 miles of trails ③bike along the volcano’s paths    ④camp in the rainforest A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②④ D．①③④ 29．Which statement is NOT right? A．Visitors can show lava makes the island bigger. B．There are many protected animals in the park. C．Almost all of the plants in the park only grow in Hawaii. D．The whole park will be closed if the volcanoes erupt. 30．What does the underlined sentence mean? A．The visitors are noisy. B．Animals are everywhere. C．The volcanoes often erupt. D．Too many cars are in the park. 31．The author wrote the passage mainly to ________. A．tell people the volcanoes in Hawaii Volcanoes National Park B．introduce what people can do in Hawaii Volcanoes National Park C．tell people the wildlife of Hawaii Volcanoes National Park D．give an introduction to Hawaii Volcanoes National Park 32．The passage is probably from ________. A．a novel B．a magazine C．a storybook D．an advertisement (广告) （2023·山东聊城·中考真题） Albatross (信天翁) is not a kind of bird. It is a collection of bird families. Some of them have short tails, some have black feet and some others have large bodies and wings. There are at least 12 different kinds of albatrosses, and the largest kind has 1.5-metre-long wings. Like other sea birds, albatrosses drink seawater. They mainly live on squids (鱿鱼) and fish, and they sometimes follow ships to eat rubbish. Besides, they may also dive (俯冲) into water to catch their “seafood”. One kind of albatross can dive as deep as 12.5 metres. Albatrosses spend most of their lives flying and can reach faraway places. They are also able to stay in air in windy weather for hours. Some large albatrosses have trouble keeping in air when there is no wind, and then they would rest on the water. Most albatrosses live in the Antarctic and the North Pacific, and you can find them in Shandong, Taiwan and other seaside provinces of China. They give birth to babies by laying eggs. The mother albatross lays one egg every two years. The egg is taken care of by the parents in turn. Albatrosses are popular sea birds but their population is small. They are the first class protected birds in China. We should try our best to protect them. 33．From Paragraph l we know that ________. A．albatross is a kind of bird B．all albatrosses have black feet C．there are many kinds of albatrosses D．the wings of all albatrosses are 1.5 metres long 34．What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us about albatrosses? A．Their food and drink. B．Their habit of eating rubbish. C．Their ability to catch their “seafood”. D．Their skills of following ships. 35．Albatrosses ________ for most of their lives. A．swim in the sea B．fly in the air C．stay on the seaside rocks D．rest on the water 36．The mother albatross can do all the following things EXCEPT ________. A．dive into water B．reach faraway places C．stay in air in windy weather D．give birth to one baby every year 37．Which of the following is NOT true? A．There are a lot of albatrosses in China. B．Some albatrosses can dive 12.5 metres. C．Both the parents take care of their egg in turn. D．Albatrosses can probably be found in Fujian Province. （2023·山东聊城·中考真题） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容判断其后面所给句子的对错。并在答题卡上将所选的对应选项涂黑。选Right涂A，选Wrong涂B。 We all know that people have much more stress (压力) than before. Luckily, a new study has found an easy way to solve the problem. According to the researchers of the study, small green plants on the desk can greatly reduce people’s stress. 60 people from different jobs took part in the study. Half of them worked without any plants, while the other half worked with plants on their desks. Then a standard test was used to find out their stress levels. More than 90% of the office workers showed a lower stress level after taking only a three-minute rest to look at their plants. The study has also found that it does not matter whether people looked at their plants or only had the plants near their computers. Only if people could see green plants for about a week in their working places, their stress levels changed greatly. This finding worked for everyone no matter how old they were and what their jobs were. “People used to go out of their houses and enjoy themselves in nature, but now they have less time to do so,” one of the researchers said, “Lucky for them, our study has found out that a small green plant is as useful as a large forest.” 38．A study has found a way to reduce people’s stress. A．Right B．Wrong. 39．30 people worked without any plants in the study. A．Right. B．Wrong 40．The test showed that all the office workers had a lower stress level. A．Right. B．Wrong. 41．The finding of the study worked for all the people. A．Right. B．Wrong 42．The study shows that a green plant is more useful than a forest. A．Right. B．Wrong. （2023·山东潍坊·中考真题） Developed by US company OpenAI, ChatGPT has taken the internet by storm, winning 100 million users since it came out in November 2022. People can ask the robot to write stories and emails, create instructions for cooking a certain food, translate languages, and answer all kinds of questions. In its own words, it is “a language model trained in a large amount of internet text to help users get human-like text.” Compared with Siri or other chatbots, ChatGPT uses a much bigger information center for training. It also uses stronger software (软件) and hardware to learn things by itself. For example, if it provides a wrong answer to your question, you can tell it the right one and it will correct itself. “It’s a totally different chatbot,” computer scientist Liu Xiaoguang from Nankai University told Tianjin Daily. “The knowledge level ChatGPT shows is the same as a university student. That’s why it shocked the world.” But one big problem with ChatGPT is that it makes mistakes or even gives false information. When Rezza, a 28-year-old from Indonesia, used the robot to write an essay (论文), it “gave out many examples which other writers actually hadn’t mentioned at all”, he told The Guardian. Since the robot is trained using words from the internet, it can also pick up biases (偏见) about certain groups. These are all things that need to be dealt with. 43．Which can replace the underlined part in Paragraph 1? A．Succeeded greatly online. B．Done harm to the internet. C．Brought strong wind and heavy rain. D．Caused serious changes of the weather. 44．Why did ChatGPT shock the world? A．It can find mistakes by itself. B．It works differently from other chatbots. C．Its information center is easier to control than Siri’s. D．Its knowledge level is as high as a university student. 45．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．Anybody can make mistakes. B．Anybody may give false information. C．ChatGPT needs improvement. D．ChatGPT can’t get on well with humans. 46．What might be the best title of the text? A．ChatGPT is Coming! B．ChatGPT is Catching the World’s Eyes! C．Can ChatGPT Take the Place of Humans? D．Can ChatGPT Avoid Biases Properly? （2023·山东日照·中考真题） ChatGPT, a new chatbot model! Developed by Open AI, has quickly become a hit all over the world because of its powerful conversational abilities. It can write emails, computer codes （代码）, songs, poems, and even short stories, and has passed a number of tests within seconds. Experts around the world are discussing whether AI should be used in education. Some schools have banned（禁止）it. The New York City’s Department of Education, for example, banned ChatGPT from its public school networks, and some people are warning that it could encourage more students to cheat, especially in exams. Many more welcome this app, saying that, like most technologies in history, ChatGPT is a powerful tool for the development of education. Accepting AI as early as possible is a good choice. Schools should make preparations for including AI in their teaching plans. They can start by offering AI courses, because by understanding how it works, they can make better use of it. Besides, students with good knowledge of AI are more competitive when it comes to getting a job, as an increasing number of jobs are being done by computer programs. AI powered education technologies can be used to make the learning experience more suitable for each student. As for teachers, AI can free them from doing some boring work so they can focus on their teaching. Since we cannot avoid ChatGPT and other AI powered apps from entering the field of education, we should make efforts to make sure they have a positive impact（积极影响）on society and the future of education. AI helps to make learning much more interesting and enjoyable, but humans need to work very hard to win the race with technology. 47．Why is ChatGPT banned in some schools? A．It can offer help quickly. B．Students may chat on it. C．It can pass a test in seconds. D．Students may cheat in exams. 48．In what way can AI help students? A．It offers students a number of jobs. B．It suits students’ personal learning. C．It frees students from boring work. D．It allows students to focus on learning. 49．What is the writer’s attitude（态度）towards ChatGPT? A．Supportive. B．Doubtful. C．Uncertain. D．Fearful. 50．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．AI apps still have a long way to go. B．Humans will be left behind by technology. C．The future of education depends on AI apps. D．AI must be made good use of in education. （2023·山东日照·中考真题） A hungry fly speeds through a forest. It smells nectar（花蜜）and lands on a green leaf. It starts to drink the sweet liquid（液体）. Suddenly, the fly’s world turns green. The two sides of the leaf close against each other. Long green teeth lock together around it. The fly has been caught by Venus flytrap. There is no way to run away alive. The Venus flytrap is perhaps the most famous killer plant. However, scientists have only recently started to understand how it hunts（猎取）and eats. After years of study, plant scientist Alexander Volkov believes he now knows the Venus flytrap’s secret. “This,” says Volkov, “is an electrical plant.” There are three small hairs along each of the Venus flytrap’s two leaves. When an insect touches a hair, it creates an electrical signal （信号） in the leaf. The insect can continue feeding—for now. But if it touches another hair within 20 seconds, the leaf traps suddenly shut. This allows the plant to tell the difference between a drop of water, for example, and a moving insect. Once trapped, an insect has little chance of staying alive. Instead of nectar, the Venus flytrap now releases（释放）a different liquid—one that slowly eats away at the insect. Ten days later, almost nothing is left. The plant’s leaves open again, and the Venus flytrap is ready for its next meal. 51．What does “the fly’s world turns green” really mean? A．The fly lands on a green leaf. B．The fly speeds into the forest. C．The fly drinks the green nectar. D．The fly is trapped by the leaf. 52．What makes the leaf close? A．The drop of water. B．The smell of the insect. C．The touches on the hairs. D．The hunger of the plant. 53．Which of the following is true about the Venus flytrap? A．It uses electrical signals. B．Its trap closes very slowly. C．It makes three kinds of liquid. D．It eats with its long teeth. 54．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Wonderful electricity. B．Powerful hairs. C．A famous killer plant. D．The death of an insect. （2023·山东日照·中考真题） When you are tired of buildings, you can visit one of London’s many beautiful parks. Hyde Park first opened to the people of London in the seventeenth century. It is not far from the shops of busy Oxford Street, but it is nice and quiet. In the center is the lake called the Serpentine, and you can take a boat out on the water. There are usually a lot of people at Speakers’ Corner. Some people come here because they want to tell the world important or interesting things—about the government, or science, or the church, or “the end of the world”. They stand at the Corner, and call out to all the people around them. Other people stand and listen, and sometimes laugh too. Kensington Gardens is next to Hyde Park. Here you can see a statue（雕像） of Peter Pan, the famous boy in the book Peter Pan by J. M. Baie. There is also a playground here, called the Diana, Princess of Wales Memorial Playground. And the playground has lots of exciting things for children. Regent’s Park is the home of London zoo. The zoo opened in 1828, and it has animals and birds from all over the world. There is also a theatre in the park. On a summer’s evening, you can sit out and watch a play by Shakespeare. Or you can see the park from the water—take a boat along the canal（运河） from Camden Lock to Little Venice. In the summer, you can listen to music in the park. St James’s Park is next to the Mall. It is a small park, but very beautiful, and it is the oldest of the royal（皇家）parks. Lots of birds live on and around the lake in the centre of the park. 55．Where can you listen to an interesting speech? A．In Hyde Park. B．In Regent’s Park. C．In St James’s Park. D．In Kensington Gardens. 56．What can you do in Regent’s Park? A．See a statue of Peter Pan. B．Enjoy plays or music. C．Go boating on the lake. D．Watch birds on the playground. 57．What do we know about St James’s Park? A．It’s a very old royal park. B．It’s far away from the Mall. C．It was built in the 17th century. D．It has a lake called the Serpentine. （2023·山东临沂·中考真题） If you’ve ever seen elephant seals(象海豹) lying on a beach, you might think that they’re always sleeping. But in fact, they spend about seven months of the year in the ocean. So how do they sleep while they’re in the ocean? Even though elephant seals are large animals, they have to be careful in the ocean. Near the surface, some dangerous animals like sharks might attack(攻击) them. So elephant seals spend most of their time diving(下潜) deep underwater, looking for food. To find out how they sleep in the deep, a scientist named Jessica Kendall-Bar created a special cap. She and her team put the caps on thirteen female young elephant seals. The caps recorded the elephant seals brain activities. They also collected information on the elephant seals’ heart rates(心率), how their bodies were moving, and how deep they were. The scientists learned that elephant seals sometimes sleep for a short time while they are diving. They only sleep for about 10 minutes at a time. As they begin to sleep, the elephant seals can control their bodies. But when they are deeply asleep, they simply begin to fall, spinning(快速旋转) in a circle “like a falling leaf”. The elephant seals wake up in time to go up for more air. In shallower(较浅的) areas, the elephant seals sometimes wake upon the seafloor. Using the information they collected from the cap-wearing elephant seals, the scientists created a computer program to study older records of elephant seal trips. The scientists found that elephant seals only sleep for about two hours a day when they’re in the ocean. That means that the rest on land is very important for them. Back on land, they sleep for about 10.8 hours a day. The scientists hope that their work will help to protect the places where elephant seals sleep when they’re on land. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 58．The writer starts the passage by _______. A．asking a question B．giving an example C．comparing two places 59．What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us? A．How elephant seals sleep in the ocean. B．Why elephant seals dive deep underwater. C．How elephant seals dive deep underwater. 60．The special caps are used to _______. A．help the elephant seals to dive more deeply B．keep the elephant seals away from being attacked by sharks C．collect the information about the elephant seals when they are in the ocean 61．The rest on land is very important for elephant seals because _______. A．they can get more air on land B．they only sleep for about ten minutes every day C．they only sleep for about two hours a day when they’re in the ocean （2023·山东临沂·中考真题） Shanghai's First “Forest Library” On February 20th, 2023, the first “forest library” in Shanghai opened to the public. It’s known as Read & Joy Forest. Now readers can relax and read in a natural environment. The “forest library” was started by Pudong New Area and Shanghai Library. It is in a green space area near Shanghai Library East, which opened in September, 2022. With an area of 20, 546 square meters, it allows visitors to take an enjoyable walk in the quiet forest. The library is in the open air. It is designed to keep the forest as it is. To protect the forest, all the green spaces are connected by wooden walk ways. It offers many benches(长凳) and an information booth(亭) . “It’s not only a place for lending books, or a reading room, but also an open space for enjoying fresh air and the smell of trees. It offers different reading experiences to readers,” says Chen Chao, director of Shanghai Library. Most of the visitors to the “forest library” are young people and parents with their children. They enjoy reading in the woods or taking a walk in the forest. If you are looking for such a place away from busy world, then you must go there to enjoy reading outdoors. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 62．The first “forest library” in Shanghai opened to the public _______. A．in September, 2022 B．in February, 2023 C．in September, 2023 63．What are mentioned about the “forest library” in this passage? A．Size, location, environment and activities people can do there. B．Size, location, the number of books and activities people can do there. C．Location, environment, the number of books and activities people can do there. 64．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?(P=Paragraph) A．B． C． （2023·山东威海·中考真题） Green Energy for Today and Tomorrow Did you know that most of the energy we use comes from the sun? For example, the sun helps plants to grow. Plants that grew millions of years ago turned into coal, oil, and natural gas (天然气). We call these fossil fuels (化石燃料). However, fossil fuels make pollution. This is bad for the Earth. Fossil fuels are also nonrenewable. Some day they will be gone. So, scientists want people to use green energy. Why is green energy important? First, it is clean. It doesn’t hurt the Earth. Next, it is renewable. It won’t run out. Green energy gives us almost 25% of the electricity we use today. What are the main sources (来源) of green energy? Water Power Water power uses moving water in rivers and dams (堤坝). Moving water has energy. Water power makes 16.6% of the electricity we use. Wind Power Is wind power new? No, it isn’t. People used wind power many years ago. Wind power makes 4% of the electricity we use. Solar Power Solar power comes from sunlight. The sun shines on solar panels (太阳能板), and electricity is made. Solar power is now as cheap as some fossil fuels. It makes 15% of the electricity we use Biomass (生物质能) Biomass is energy that we get from plants around us. For example, deadwood or grass is burned in power stations. This makes electricity. Biomass is green energy because we plant new trees or crops (庄稼) after we use it. Biomass makes 2% of the electricity we use. New Green Energy Ocean rise and fall each day. This moving water can make electricity. We call it tide power. There is also heat under the Earth’s surface. Scientists can use this heat for energy, which is called heat power. We may find other sources of green energy in the future. Some day, green energy could make 100% of the electricity we use. That’s good news for the Earth! 65．How do we get most of the electricity nowadays? A．Through fossil fuels. B．Through green energy. C．Through other kinds of energy. 66．In Paragraph 2, what’s the meaning of the word “nonrenewable” ? A．可回收的 B．不可更新的 C．不可再生的 67．Why do scientists suggest using green energy? A．Because it is as cheap as fossil fuels. B．Because it is clean and won’t be used up. C．Because it is the main source of electricity now. 68．Where can we get biomass? A．From natural gas. B．From new trees. C．From dead plants. 69．How many kinds of green energy are mentioned in the passage? A．4. B．6. C．7. （2023·山东威海·中考真题） In Chinese culture, twelve different animals are used to stand for the Chinese birth years. 2023 is the Chinese Year of the Rabbit. At the beginning of 2023, rabbits have been used for artistic themes around the world. As a cultural image(文化意象), rabbits have been in different forms of art worldwide, including stamps, colorful lights and exhibitions. The worldwide popularity of the Chinese Rabbit might have something to do with Western culture. For people in Europe, rabbits mean new life and prosperity(繁荣) as they can give birth to many young ones. So the image of a rabbit is easily accepted by people in the West. Through the Chinese Year of the Rabbit, people from other counties can get a closer look into Chinese culture. On January 21, an exhibition was held in a museum in the US to celebrate the Year of the Rabbit, 16 excellent Chinese artworks on rabbits were on show. It showed visitors that rabbits have been a popular artistic theme in China since ancient times. The museum has also explained the meaning behind rabbits in China to visitors. People could also learn about the stories of the rabbit and the moon in China. Images of the 12 Chinese animals are fun to everyone. They can help with communication between different cultures. 70．Why do Western people accept the Chinese Rabbit easily? A．Because it’s one of the 12 Chinese animals. B．Because it has connection with Western culture. C．Because it is used to stand for the Chinese Year of the Rabbit. 71．In Paragraph 3, what does “It” refer to(指代)? A．The exhibition. B．The museum. C．The rabbit. 72．In Paragraph 3, why does the writer introduce the exhibition held in the US? A．To invite people to visit the exhibition. B．To show the popularity of the Chinese Rabbit. C．To tell the stories of the rabbit and the moon in China. 73．What’s the passage mainly talking about? A．An exhibition on rabbits in the US. B．The culture of the Chinese Rabbit. C．Images of the 12 Chinese animals. 74．Where may we read this passage? A．In a guide book. B．In a text book. C．In a magazine. （2023·山东济宁·中考真题） Making invisible ink (隐形墨水) is a lot of fun. All you need is some common objects. What you’ll need: •Half a lemon  • Water  • Spoon  • Bowl   •White paper •Cotton bud   •Light bulb Instructions: 1.Squeeze (挤) some lemon juice into the bowl and add a few drops of water. 2.Mix the water and lemon juice with the spoon. 3.Put the cotton bud into the mixture (混合液) and write a message onto the white paper. 4.Wait for the juice to dry so it becomes completely invisible. 5.When you are ready to read your secret message or show it to someone else, heat the paper by holding it close to a light bulb. What’s happening? Lemon juice turns brown when heated. Putting some water in the lemon juice makes it very hard to notice when you put it on the paper. Other things which work in the same way include orange juice, honey, milk, onion juice and even more. 75．What is the cotton bud for? A．To squeeze the lemon. B．To add some water. C．To mix the water and juice. D．To write something. 76．How can you make the secret message appear? A．By waiting for some time. B．By reading it aloud. C．By heating the paper. D．By holding it high. 77．Which works in the same way as lemon? A．Milk. B．Water. C．Spoon. D．Bowl. 78．Which shows the correct order of the information in this passage? A．Materials→Steps→Reasons B．Reasons→Steps→Materials C．Materials→Reasons→Steps D．Steps→Materials→Reasons （2023·山东济宁·中考真题） 25 cities from 13 countries were named International Wetland City on November 10, 2022. Jining and 6 other Chinese cities were among them. With 32 wetland towns and 56 wetland villages, Jining has made great progress in protecting its environment, especially its lakes and wetlands. Weishan Lake International Welland Park lies in the south of Weishan County in Jining. It is the biggest meadow-type wetland (草甸湿地) in the world and is the only wetland park in Shandong province at the national level. Taibai Lake Wetland is known as “a pearl (珍珠) in the southwest of Shandong”. The lake is an excellent place for people to spend their free time. Visitors can enjoy nature by taking tour buses or boats in the area. With an area of more than 4,300 mu, Lotus Lake Wetland Park is a 4A level scenic spot (景点). Thanks to its beautiful environment and fresh air, the park is praised as “the backyard garden of the city”. Besides its natural beauty, people can also experience the traditional culture in the area. 79．How many Chinese cities were named International Wetland City?________ A．25. B．13. C．7. D．6. 80．Why is Weishan Lake International Wetland Park so valuable?________ A．It is the biggest wetland in the world. B．It lies in the south of Weishan County in Jining. C．It is the only wetland park in Shandong province. D．It is larger than any other meadow-type wetland. 81．Where should you go if you want to enjoy both nature and culture?________ A．Taibai Lake Wetland. B．Lotus Lake Wetland Park. C．Any wetland town or village. D．Weishan Lake International Wetland Park. 82．What does the passage mainly tell us about Jining?________ A．Its history. B．Its culture. C．Its wetlands. D．Its people. （2023·山东泰安·中考真题） Many people may throw away the pits inside fruits after eating them, but inheritors of nut carving（核雕继承人）have turned them into artworks instead. Weifang nut carving goes back to the Qing Dynasty. During that time, an old imperial craftsman（皇家手艺人）Wang Dayan spread the skill to the local people in Shandong Province. Craftsmen back then often used peach pits（桃核）to show off their artistic skills. Because of the high level of carving skills needed, the traditional culture and its rich artistic theme, Weifang nut carving was listed as a national intangible cultural heritage（国家非物质文化遗产）in 2008. “One nut, from 0.8 to 6 centimeters long, can be made into fan pendants, earrings, buttons, seals and so on,” said Tan Wanhai, 48, an inheritor of Weifang nut carving. Tan has studied the art of nut carving for 25 years and has created many nut carvings. However, the craftsman also said that bringing this kind of artwork to life is not easy. “Unlike some pits like olive（橄榄）pits which have a flat surface, each peach pit has its own special texture（质地）like human fingerprints, “ Tan said, adding, that, craftsmen have to study each peach pit to carefully plan out their artwork. Nut carving craftsmen also need to have knowledge in many areas. According to Tan, they have to master skills in painting, seal carving and calligraphy from many traditional cultures. Thanks to their creative design and fresh ideas, Weifang nut carving artworks have been increasingly welcomed by people in China. More people are learning the art and have even become inheritors to pass down the skill to young people. “Now, the number of inheritors is about 1,000. But I believe it could be bigger. More craftsmen now give up the tradition of passing down the skill only through the family and open it up to anyone who is interested in learning the skill,” said Tan. 83．Weifang nut carving was listed as a national intangible cultural heritage because of ________. ①the high level of carving skills needed         ②its rich artistic theme ③the traditional culture                      ④the popularity around the world A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②④ D．①②③④ 84．What does the fourth paragraph mainly tell us? A．The cultural value of nut carving. B．The knowledge craftsmen have to master. C．The inheritor and his carving artworks. D．Difficulties craftsmen have. 85．What can we learn about the passage? A．Weifang nut carving goes back to the Ming Dynasty. B．Tan thinks there could be more inheritors of nut carving. C．More craftsmen now give up the tradition of passing down the skill. D．Each peach pit has a flat surface and it’s easy to carve on it. 86．What could be the best title for the passage? A．Tan’s Nut Carving Achievements B．Amazing Artworks in China C．Carving Artworks out of Nut D．The History of Nut Carving （2023·山东泰安·中考真题） China has sent the final section of its Tiangong space station into space. After a 13-hour trip, the new section, known as Mengtian, docked(对接) with Tiangong space station on the early morning of November 1st, 2022, finally completing it. The new section was launched from Hainan Island in the south of China. For years, China has been working hard to create its own space station. Last year, China began to launch three modules(舱) of Tiangong space station, one at a time. The main module, Tianhe, was launched in April 2021. It holds the power source and main controls for the station, as well as the astronauts’ living area. In July 2022, China launched its first laboratory module, Wentian, which is the country’s largest ever spacecraft. The new module, Mengtian (meaning “dreaming of the heavens”), is also designed as a laboratory. It is about 18 meters long and has 8 special research areas for experiments(实验). Mengtian is set up so that experiments can also be run outside the module itself. Chinese astronauts can use special robotic arms to run experiments from inside Tiangong. China’s space program is working with the European Space Agency on some experiments on the Mengtian, China says that one day, foreign astronauts will also be able to visit Tiangong. Tiangong space station is expected to last 10 to 15 years. Though the Mengtian module completes the station, China could add more modules in the future. China’s space program has grown greatly in recent years with a series of successes. In 2020, for example, its Chang’e 5 probe returned to the earth carrying moon rocks. Those were the first moon samples brought to the earth since the 1970s. 87．The meaning of the underlined word “launched” in the first paragraph is the closest to “________”. A．sent up B．landed C．taken off D．set up 88．Which module is the astronauts’ living area in? A．Tianhe. B．Wentian. C．Mengtian. D．It is not mentioned. 89．When was China’s largest spacecraft launched? A．In 2020. B．In April 2021. C．In July 2022. D．On November 1st, 2022. 90．Which of the following statements is TRUE? A．No more modules can be docked with Tiangong in the future. B．Chang’e 5 probe brought moon rocks back to the earth in 2020. C．China created Tiangong space station together with European Space Agency. D．Chinese astronauts can’t use robotic arms to run experiments from inside Tiangong. （2023·山东泰安·中考真题） The movie Home Coming took the lead in the box office(票房) during the National Day holiday in 2022. It tells a story that happened in North Africa. After a war breaks out there, two Chinese diplomats(外交官) are ordered to help evacuate the overseas Chinese. After completing the first task successfully, they learn that another group of Chinese citizens(公民) are still in great danger. Realizing that these people will die if they don’t give a hand, the two men travel through the war area. They risk their lives to help over 100 Chinese citizens go to a safe place. The movie not only shows how the two diplomats protect the people with courage, but also shows their deep love for the country and people. Home Coming reminds many people of a similar real event which truly happened in Libya in 2011. Chinese Embassy(大使馆) helped the evacuation of more than 30,000 Chinese citizens. Behind this event were many efforts of Chinese diplomats. After watching the film, a man recalled his personal experience. “We are the lucky ones because we have a strong country and are well protected,” he said. Home Coming is a success partly because of the growing national pride and confidence Chinese people have in our country. A comment(评论) reads, “Chinese passport might not get you anywhere you want, but it can always bring you back home.” 91．The movie Home Coming is about a story that happened in ________. A．North America B．South America C．South Africa D．North Africa 92．What does the underlined word “evacuate” mean in the second paragraph? A．躲藏 B．逃避 C．撤离 D．评价 93．How many Chinese citizens were evacuated in the real event in 2011? A．Over one hundred. B．Over thirty thousand. C．Over three million. D．Over three thousand. 94．According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT right? A．The two diplomats protect the people with courage. B．The two diplomats love the country and people deeply. C．We Chinese have a strong country and are well protected. D．Chinese passport can get you anywhere you want. （2023·山东滨州·中考真题） Do you often ask questions? Children are known for wanting answers to many questions because curiosity (好奇心) is part of human nature. Books and TV shows often depend on curiosity. People keep reading or watching because they want to find out what happens. As we all know, curiosity provides many advantages. Many of history’s greatest discoveries were made by curious people. People wondered how things worked and how work could be done more quickly. Thanks to their curiosity, people now know far more about the world and have useful technology to help them. Even if you don’t plan to be an inventor or researcher, curiosity can still help you in the classroom. If you develop the curiosity of learning, classes will become more interesting. You will be good at them because you enjoy the process of learning. Even if you’re no longer a student, curiosity will make you an able worker. What will you do if you’re not already curious? Luckily, curiosity is a skill that can be improved. Often, the more you learn about a topic, the more interesting it becomes. To improve your curiosity, get information from as many sources (来源) as possible when you learn about a topic. At the same time, read all kinds of books, watch or listen to speeches and ask questions. Don’t always get information in the same way. Instead, learn to understand the facts that different people know. Don’t assume you already know everything. Instead, search for other possibilities and opinions. Remember, everyone knows something that you don’t know. Find out what it is, and ask about it. This lets you learn something and makes the other people happy by sharing their knowledge. Let’s try to become people who are full of curiosity. 95．Children like to ask questions because ________. A．they are born with natural curiosity B．they don’t know about the human nature C．they are known for reading and watching D．they don’t want to find the answers by themselves 96．What can curiosity help you in the classroom? A．It can make you cleverer than before. B．It can make the classes easier for you. C．It can help you enjoy the process of learning. D．It can help you feel relaxed in the classroom. 97．Which can be helpful to improve your curiosity? A．Reading only one kind of book. B．Showing others your knowledge. C．Getting information in the same way. D．Getting information from as many sources as you can. 98．What does the underlined word “assume” mean? A．Worry. B．Think. C．Wonder. D．Forget. 99．What’s the best title of the passage? A．Try to Be Curious B．Make Others Happy C．Learn to Ask Questions D．Great Discoveries Made by Curious People （2023·山东滨州·中考真题） Showing respect for seniors Dads have Father’s Day. Moms have Mother’s Day. Kids have Children’s Day. But, do our grandparents have a special holiday? Yes, they do! The Double Ninth Festival is a special day for elderly people in China. The festival is on the ninth day of the ninth month of the lunar calendar. As the Chinese word for nine has the same sound as the word for long, people take the Double Ninth Festival to show their wishes of long life for elderly people. There are many traditions for this festival. On that day, families get together and climb mountains for luck and in the hope that elderly people will live much longer. They also drink chrysanthemum wine (菊花酒) and wear a plant called zhuyu to celebrate it. Both chrysanthemum and zhuyu are regarded as clean plants that can clean houses and cure (治疗) diseases. Respecting elderly people is shown not only on this special day but also in daily life. For example, when an older person enters a room, everyone stands up. When there are several guests at the table, the host usually introduces them from the oldest to the youngest. When a younger person is presenting something to an older person, two hands are used. On a crowded subway or bus, younger people always offer their seats to elderly people. It is a traditional virtue (美德) in China to respect elderly people. That’s because the Chinese know that elderly people have knowledge and experience that young people can learn from. So, Chinese people are proud of being old. Besides, to respect the elderly people is to respect yourself tomorrow. 100．The Double Ninth Festival is a celebration for ________. A．fathers B．mothers C．children D．elderly people 101．Which of the following may NOT be a tradition for the Double Ninth Festival? A．Cleaning houses. B．Wearing the plant zhuyu. C．Drinking chrysanthemum wine. D．Families climbing mountains together. 102．What is Paragraph 4 about? A．Why we should respect elderly people. B．Traditional ways of celebrating the festival. C．What young people usually do on this festival. D．Examples of respecting elderly people in daily life. 103．Which is NOT the correct way to respect elderly people? A．We should offer seats to the old while taking a bus. B．We should sit straight when the old come into a room. C．We should use double hands to present things to the old. D．We should introduce the oldest person first while eating at the table. 104．Why are Chinese people proud of being old? A．It means they don’t have to work for others. B．It means they have more virtues than others. C．It means they have knowledge and experience. D．It means what they did in the past was meaningful. （2023·山东滨州·中考真题） Children’s games in ancient China During ancient times, children didn’t have smart phones, iPads or computers to entertain them. Instead, they came up with interesting games to play in their childhood. Let’s take a look. Playing hide-and-seek Hide-and-seek is a traditional game for children, popular around the nation. There are two ways to play: covering a child’s eyes while other kids run around to play a trick on him or, more commonly, others hide and one child must try to find them. Flying kites Kites have quite a long history in China. The earliest kites weren’t made of paper. They were made of wood instead. Nowadays, the three most famous kites are the Beijing kite, Tianjin kite and Weifang kite. Each has its own style. For example, the bird-shaped kite with long wings is a special kind of the Beijing kite. Watching shadow plays The most similar thing to watching a film during ancient times was going to see a shadow play. The artists controlled puppets (木偶) behind the screen to make the puppets move like people and tell stories. People liked listening to the music and enjoyed the beautiful puppets. Kicking stone balls During the Qing Dynasty (1644—1911), kicking a stone ball around was a popular sport in the northern part of China, and it was often played in the winter to keep warm. Stones were carved into small balls and kicked along with feet. 105．How can hide-and-seek be played? A．One plays and others watch. B．One must cry and others laugh. C．One tries to find and others hide. D．One runs and others try to catch. 106．In ancient China, the earliest kites were made of ________. A．paper B．metal C．plastic D．wood 107．The game that’s like watching a film is ________. A．kicking atone balls B．flying kites C．watching shadow plays D．playing hide-and-seek 108．According to the passage, the game of kicking a stone ball was ________. A．often played in winter B．popular in South China C．invented in Beijing D．played to keep cool 109．From the passage we can learn that ________. A．Tianjin is famous for the bird-shaped kite with long wings B．the puppets could move like people with the artists’ controlling C．kicking a stone ball was a popular game before the Qing Dynasty D．all the children must cover their eyes while playing hide-and-seek （2023·山东烟台·中考真题） AI (人工智能) can help teenagers and students learn in several ways. Personalized learning: AI can know better about students, including their advantages, weaknesses, skills, learning favorites, learning needs, and so on. Then it can create a proper learning plan for each student. This can help students concentrate on areas that they need to improve at their own speed. Interactive (交互的) learning: AI has the ability to make learning more interactive and interesting. Things like interactive learning apps and educational games can make subject learning more interesting. What’s more, they can make students interested in a subject at once. This kind of active learning is sure to be more helpful than studying alone. Automated (自动的) advice and help: AI can provide automated advice and answers to questions. It can examine students’ work and provide personalized help. For example, ChatGPT can answer students’ questions quickly in a private, low-pressure way. This kind of advice and answers can help students better understand knowledge and use their knowledge. Greater resources (资源): AI can make many of the students’ learning resources richer and wider, like electronic textbooks, online courses, and study apps. For example, a biology textbook with AI technology may provide interactive 3D models of a human body that students can study more carefully. AI can provide interactive examples, introduce important passages, and offer assessments (评价). In a word, AI has a great ability to improve studying and learning. By using AI, students can study smarter and reach higher levels of learning and success. The future of AI in education is hopeful as technologies continue to develop. 110．What can AI do by knowing better about students? A．Get more learning experiences. B．Find out students’ learning speed. C．Know more about learning favorites. D．Offer proper personal learning plans. 111．How might students feel about educational games? A．Traditional. B．Interesting. C．Difficult. D．Knowledgeable. 112．Why does the writer give an example of a biology textbook in Paragraph 5? A．To show biology is easy to learn. B．To describe something more about 3D． C．To introduce a way of assessment. D．To show AI can provide rich resources. 113．What’s the best title (标题) for this passage? A．AI—a smart help for $$ 三年（2022-2024）中考英语真题分项汇编（山东专用） 专题04 阅读理解之说明文 (2024中考真题） 01（2024·山东威海·中考真题） Pi is a special number that goes on forever. The symbol for this special number is a Greek letter “π”. To keep the math simple, we say π is 3.14. Pi is used to find the size of circles. Pi is always the same no matter how small or big the circle is. Because it is so special, someone thought of celebrating it. Since pi is 3.14, a physicist named Larry Shaw decided March 14th would be the perfect day. So on this day in 1988, he invited his friends to walk around in a circle and eat pies. Later, more math and science lovers celebrated Pi Day on March 14th each year. On November 26th, 2019, Pi Day was recognized (正式认定) as the International Day of Mathematics. Pi Day is celebrated in different ways. There are games in which people try to memorize as many decimal places (小数点后位数) as they can. There are pie-eating contests. Then, at 3:14 p. m., there are special events. For example, people get free pies at some parties. Today, Pi is not just a number. 1．What is pi in this passage? A．A circle. B．A pie. C．A number. 2．What is pi used for? A．Keeping the circles small. B．Finding the size of circles. C．Helping memorize the number. 3．When was Pi first celebrated? A．On March 14th, 1988. B．On March 14th, 2019. C．On November 26th, 2019. 4．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 3? A．How people memorize pi. B．How people get free pies. C．How people celebrate Pi Day. 5．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．A special festival. B．A math symbol. C．Pi and Pi Day. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了圆周率和圆周率日。 1．细节理解题。根据“Pi is a special number”可知pi是一个特别的数字。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“we say π is 3.14. Pi is used to find the size of circles”可知pi被用来计算圆的大小。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“a physicist named Larry Shaw decided March 14th would be the perfect day. So on this day in 1988, he invited his friends to walk around in a circle and eat pies”可知在1988年3月14日第一次庆祝圆周率。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。根据“Pi Day is celebrated in different ways”可知本段主要介绍了圆周率日的庆祝活动。故选C。 5．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了圆周率和圆周率日。故选C。 02（2024·山东威海·中考真题） Ancient China amazed the world with its wisdom. Some of its inventions continue to influence us today. Four Chinese irrigation sites (灌溉点) were added to the 2018 list of World Heritage Irrigation Structures (世界灌溉工程遗产). Let’s take a look at these amazing sites. Dujiangyan Dujiangyan is a wonder in the world history of irrigation structures. More than 2, 000 years ago, Chengdu was in danger because of flood from the Minjiang River. Li Bing, a local official, designed the Dujiangyan irrigation system, which could control the water run from the mountains to the Chengdu Plain all year round. Changqu Canal Changqu Canal, also known as Baiqi Canal, is in the city of Xiangyang in Hubei province. It is 48 km long in total and it was first used to transport soldiers. It was later used for irrigation—in fact, it is still used to provide water to more than 30, 000 mu (20 square km) of farmland. Lingqu Canal Located in Xing’an county, Guangxi Province, Lingqu Canal was built 2, 000 years ago. It is the oldest canal in the world. It was built to transport things for the army. “It magically lowers the pressure of transportation along the north and south waterways,” according to the Travel China Guide. It also turned Xing’ an into an agriculturally (农业) developed area. Jiang- Xi Dam The Jiang- Xi Dam in Zhejiang province in fact includes two dams— the Jiang and Xi dams. Built in the 14th century, it improved life for local people for centuries. It not only plays an important role in irrigation, but also is good for environmental protection. 6．Which was built to fight against water? A．Dujiangyan. B．Changqu Canal. C．Lingqu Canal. 7．Which is true about Changqu Canal? A．It is also called Baiqi Canal.B．It is still important for the army. C．It was first built for the farmland. 8．What can we know about Lingqu Canal? A．Why and how it was built. B．When and why it was built. C．When and how it was built. 9．Which of the following is the youngest irrigation system? A．Dujiangyan. B．Lingqu Canal. C．Jiang- Xi Dam. 10．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To give advice on controlling the water. B．To show ancient Chinese wisdom to the world. C．To introduce the long and rich Chinese history. 【答案】6．A 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了四个古代中国的灌溉工程。 6．细节理解题。根据“Li Bing, a local official, designed the Dujiangyan irrigation system, which could control the water run from the mountains to the Chengdu Plain all year round.”可知，都江堰灌溉系统可以全年控制从山区流向成都平原的水。故选A。 7．细节理解题。根据“Changqu Canal, also known as Baiqi Canal, is in the city of Xiangyang in Hubei province.”可知，长渠，又称白旗渠，位于湖北省襄阳。故选A。 8．细节理解题。根据“Located in Xing’an county, Guangxi Province, Lingqu Canal was built 2, 000 years ago. It is the oldest canal in the world. It was bulit to transport things for the army.”可知，讲述了灵渠建立的时间以及原因，故选B。 9．细节理解题。根据“Built in the 14th century”可知，江溪大坝是四个灌溉系统中最年轻的，故选C。 10．推理判断题。文章介绍了四个古代中国的灌溉工程，展示了古代中国的智慧，故选B。 03（2024·山东威海·中考真题） ①Almost everybody has had pimples (青春痘). It is a normal part of growing up. When kids reach teens, their bodies experience many changes. During this period, most teenagers often develop pimples. Also, many people continue to have pimples after teens. What can a teenager or an adult do to deal with pimples? Unluckily, many ways are really just myths. ②Many people believe that popping (挤) pimples is the best way. Popping a pimple will cause more redness and pain, or even probably turn into an illness. For that reason, doctors normally encourage people not to pop their pimples. ③Also, do you think that washing your face often will be helpful? Of course, it is a good idea, but washing your face too much could make the skin painful, making the pimples even worse. ④Another widely believed myth is that not wearing make-up (化妆) can help lower the chance of developing pimples. In fact, some kinds of make-up actually have special medicine in them to fight pimples. As a result, not all of them are bad for you. ⑤Along with make-up, people believe that eating fatty foods or chocolate can cause pimples. The truth is that eating a candy or a piece of pizza will not cause pimples. Even so, both teenagers and adults should still try to eat foods that are good for their bodies and their skin. ⑥Another myth is that stress can cause pimples. Stress comes in many forms, like a big exam at school or problems with friends. While it is true that stress can cause a person’s skin to create extra oil, this extra oil does not necessarily cause more pimples. 11．What’s the doctors’ advice on pop ping pimples? A．People should do it. B．You’d better not do it. C．It’s the best way to do it. 12．According to Paragraphs 3—6, what might cause pimples? A．Washing face. B．Eating a candy. C．Extra oil created on the skin. 13．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “myths”? A．Proper ways. B．Wrong thoughts. C．Normal problems. 14．Who can get help most from the passage? A．People who have trouble with pimples. B．Adults who have unhealthy eating habits. C．Students who have much stress on exams. 15．What’s the structure of this passage? A． B． C． 【答案】11．B 12．C 13．B 14．A 15．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了青春痘的一些相关事实。 11．细节理解题。根据“For that reason, doctors normally encourage people not to pop their pimples.”可知，医生通常建议人们不要挤青春痘，故选B。 12．细节理解题。根据“Another myth is that stress can cause pimples.”和“While it is true that stress can cause a person’s skin to create extra oil, this extra oil does not necessarily cause more pimples.”可知，压力会导致皮肤产生额外的油脂，而这些油脂可能会导致青春痘，故选C。 13．词句猜测题。根据“Unluckily, many ways are really just myths.”和“Also, many people continue to have pimples after teens. What can a teenager or an adult do to deal with pimples?”可知，第一段讲述了人们对青春痘的普遍看法和做法，结合“Unluckily,”，因此上文提到的看法和做法可能是错误的观点，“myths”意为“Wrong thoughts.”，故选B。 14．推理判断题。文章主要讨论了青春痘的成因和误区，因此对有青春痘困扰的人帮助最大，故选A。 15．篇章结构题。根据全文内容可知，第一段提出关于青春痘的问题；第二段至第六段分别解释不同的误区，故选B。 04（2024·山东泰安·中考真题） The Classical Gardens of Suzhou, which are also called Suzhou Gardens, are a group of beautiful gardens in the city of Suzhou in Jiangsu Province of China. The first classical garden was created during the Spring and Autumn Period in the 6th century BC． More gardens were built in the following centuries and most of them were private gardens of scholars (学者) and officials of that time. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the construction (建设) of the gardens came to its prime time because of the prosperity (繁荣) of Suzhou in that period. It is said that there were more than 200 gardens all over the city and Suzhou was famous as the “paradise on earth” and the “City of Gardens”. Nowadays, 19 of the 69 well-protected gardens are open to the public as tourist attractions. Among them, some famous gardens are regarded as typical examples of Suzhou Gardens, such as Humble Administrator’s Garden, Lingering Garden, Master of the Nets Garden and so on. Suzhou Gardens in many ways explain the ideas behind classic Chinese garden design (设计). Their owners were not just interested in having a pleasing arrangement (安排) of plants and flowers: they used history, philosophy, art and architecture(建筑学) in their designs. Each element (要素) of a classical Chinese garden—each hill, pond, plant and rock—is filled with meaning. Although every element was carefully designed, the end goal was always to have a garden which looked like it was created by nature, without the help of human hands. Suzhou Gardens represent the development and maturity (成熟) of Chinese garden design of more than two thousand years. They are national 5A tourist attractions in China and two groups of them were added to UNESCO World Cultural Heritage List (世界文化遗产名录) in 1997 and 2000. 16．When was the first classical Suzhou garden built? A．During the Ming Dynasty. B．During the Qing Dynasty. C．In the 5th century BC． D．During the Spring and Autumn Period. 17．What does the third paragraph mainly tell us? A．The history of Suzhou Gardens. B．The ideas behind the design of Suzhou Gardens. C．The typical examples of Suzhou Gardens. D．The great achievements of Suzhou Gardens. 18．What does the underlined word “represent” mean in the last paragraph? A．代表 B．报道 C．预言 D．讲述 19．What can we learn from the passage? A．Half of the well-protected gardens are open to the public. B．Each element of a classical Chinese garden has its meaning. C．Suzhou Gardens were built without the help of human hands. D．All the gardens were built for scholars and officials in the past. 【答案】16．D 17．B 18．A 19．B 【导语】本文介绍了苏州古典园林的历史、设计理念及其在中国园林设计中的重要地位。文章还提到了一些著名的苏州园林及其作为旅游景点的现状。 16．细节理解题。 根据“The first classical garden was created during the Spring and Autumn Period in the 6th century BC.”可知，第一个苏州古典园林建于春秋时期。故选D。 17．段落大意题。根据“Suzhou Gardens in many ways explain the ideas behind classic Chinese garden design (设计).”可知，第三段主要讲述了苏州园林设计背后的理念，故选B。 18．词义猜测题。根据“Suzhou Gardens”和“the development and maturity (成熟) of Chinese garden design of more than two thousand years.”可知，苏州园林代表了两千多年来中国园林设计的发展和成熟，所以represent意为“代表”。故选A。 19．细节理解题。根据“Each element (要素) of a classical Chinese garden—each hill, pond, plant and rock—is filled with meaning.”可知，中国古典园林的每一个元素都有它的意义。故选B。 05（2024·山东泰安·中考真题） Three ways to get involved with Earth DayEarth Day is on April 22nd every year. It aims to raise awareness (意识) about how to look after the world and encourages people to make small changes to help protect the environment. Here are three ways to get involved with Earth Day. Go on a sound huntGet close to nature by going out on a sound hunt (寻找). Head outside and listen to the noises all around you. You might hear the birds singing, wind in the trees or the rain pattering (发出嗒嗒声) on the ground. Make a record of what you can hear, where you heard it and when. Make an Earth Day posterCelebrate Earth Day by creating a poster to show at school or at home. The theme of this year’s Earth Day is Planet vs. Plastics. Have a think about how you might visualize (使……可见) this on a poster. Perhaps you’d like to do some research, including some facts about plastic production. Have a plastic-free dayWhy not go plastic-free for a day? You can do this by not buying, or using any single-use plastic on Earth Day. Single-use plastic is plastic that is only used once before being thrown away. Many food and drink items are packaged (包装) in single-use plastic. Although it may be a challenge, it is possible and might help you form new planet-friendly habits. 20．Amy is a creative girl and she is very good at drawing. What does she probably do to celebrate Earth Day? A．Go on a sound hunt. B．Make an Earth Day poster. C．Have a plastic-free day. D．Spend enjoyable time with her family. 21．To go plastic-free for a day, you’d better ________. A．go shopping with plastic bags B．buy snacks that are packaged in single-use plastic C．not buy or use any single-use plastic D．throw away all the plastic bags in your house 22．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? A．Earth Day is on April 22nd every year. B．You can get close to nature by going on a sound hunt. C．The theme of this year’s Earth Day is Earth for All. D．Three ways to get involved with Earth Day are mentioned. 【答案】20．B 21．C 22．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了参与地球日的三种方式。 20．推理判断题。根据“Make an Earth Day poster”以及“Have a think about how you might visualize (使……可见) this on a poster.”可知如果她擅长画画，可以制作地球日海报。故选B。 21．细节理解题。根据“Why not go plastic-free for a day? You can do this by not buying, or using any single-use plastic on Earth Day”可知，可以通过在地球日不购买或使用任何一次性塑料。故选C。 22．细节理解题。根据“The theme of this year’s Earth Day is Planet vs. Plastics”可知今年地球日的主题是“地球与塑料”。C选项“今年地球日的主题是‘人人共享地球’”表述错误。故选C。 06（2024·山东泰安·中考真题） When you look up at the night sky, what do you see? 80% of people around the world see nothing but skyglow (天光，人为白昼现象). This man-made brightening of the sky masks the stars. The night sky has played an important role in human life for thousands of years. Ancient peoples named the constellations (星座). Around the same time, Polynesian sailors used the sun and stars to sail on the sea in the correct direction. Later, the Maya civilization (文明) used the position of the stars to predict the changing of the seasons. But today, few people are able to see sky full of stars. So what happened? Light pollution is the reason. When man-made light enters into the night sky, it hides the stars. This excess (过多的) light comes from streetlights, office buildings, stores, flashing billboards, etc. Of course, people in modern societies need to light the night. Nighttime driving, walking, working, exercising, and more are all safer with man-made outdoor lighting. However, too much light at night can be harmful. It masks the stars and disturbs our natural sleep patterns, causing greater risk of cancer and heart disease. Light pollution can be greatly reduced (减少) with a few simple actions. The first is to stop wasting light. Outdoor lights can be covered so that the light shines down to the ground only where it’s needed. People can be more careful about using lights only when and where they are necessary. Besides, people can choose light bulbs (灯泡) with the smallest effective amount of brightness. Most bright white lights, including LEDs, give off a large amount of shorter-wavelength (波长较短的) blue light, which brightens the sky more than any other color of light. Choosing light bulbs with longer-wavelength light in yellow or orange can help prevent harmful light pollution. 23．By studying the night sky full of stars, ancient peoples did a lot except ________. A．naming the constellations B．sailing on the sea in the correct direction C．predicting the changing of the seasons D．letting man-made light enter into the night sky 24．Today most people can’t see the night sky full of stars because of ________. A．the excess light caused by humans B．the reduction of stars C．the changes in the position of stars D．the influence of weather 25．What does the last paragraph mainly tell us? A．How to save electricity in our daily lives. B．How to choose light bulbs correctly. C．Two ways of reducing light pollution. D．The advantages and disadvantages of man-made light. 26．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? A．Too much light at night can do harm to people’s health. B．Man-made light hides the stars when it enters into the night sky. C．In ancient times, the night sky played an important role in human life. D．Choosing shorter-wavelength blue light can help prevent harmful light pollution. 【答案】23．D 24．A 25．C 26．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了光污染对夜空的影响，特别是如何减少光污染以便更好地看到星空。 23．细节理解题。根据“The night sky has played an important role in human life for thousands of years. Ancient peoples named the constellations (星座). Around the same time, Polynesian sailors used the sun and stars to sail on the sea in the correct direction. Later, the Maya civilization (文明) used the position of the stars to predict the changing of the seasons.”可知，古人命名了星座、利用太阳和星星的指引在海上航行、预测季节变化，但没有提到让人造光进入夜空。故选D。 24．细节理解题。根据“ But today, few people are able to see sky full of stars. So what happened?...Light pollution is the reason. When man-made light enters into the night sky, it hides the stars. This excess (过多的) light comes from streetlights, office buildings, stores, flashing billboards, etc.”可知，光污染是主要原因，而光污染是由人类活动产生的过多光线造成的。故选A。 25．主旨大意题。根据“Light pollution can be greatly reduced (减少) with a few simple actions. The first is to stop wasting light...Besides, people can choose light bulbs (灯泡) with the smallest effective amount of brightness.”可知，最后一段主要讲了减少光污染的两种方法：减少浪费光线和选择合适的灯泡。故选C。 26．细节理解题。根据“Choosing light bulbs with longer-wavelength light in yellow or orange can help prevent harmful light pollution.”可知，文章建议选择长波长的黄光或橙光来减少光污染，D选项与文章内容不符。故选D。 07（2024·山东青岛·中考真题） At M. E. School in Tucson, Arizona, raising fish at school was one small answer to a big problem: many people in the neighborhood didn’t have enough food. The students could eat breakfast and lunch at school, but their families didn’t always have enough money for dinner. Buying fresh foods, such as vegetables and meat, was difficult. The teachers had an idea: could the students raise food at school for the neighborhood? It wouldn’t be easy. There isn’t enough water in Tucson because it is in a desert. Soil (土壤) doesn’t always have the nutrients (营养) that plants need to grow, so the students would need natural helpers. To solve the problem, the school set up a system in which fish poop makes plants grow better and the plants’ roots (根) clean the water in the fish tank. Students do research on the fish. “I did a task in the project on how much tilapia eat.” says Emmanuel. “We wanted to see if they preferred to eat in warm or cold water. They liked warm water better.” Fish aren’t the only animals that help students feed their neighbors. Chickens lay eggs. Bees also come to help turn flowers into vegetables. When the students have raised enough food, it’s time for Market Day. Vegetables are given to people in the neighborhood for free. Students sell eggs and tilapia to raise money for seeds (种子), fish food and chicken food. “People don’t have a lot of money, so it’s a nice dream we have to give them food. It’s also a chance to be healthy and eat better.” says Emmanuel. “We can plant good food and have fun while we’re doing something important,” says Blanks. “I’m so happy to be at this school.” 27．Why did the teachers at M. E. School decide to raise food for the neighborhood? ①The families in the neighborhood were poor. ②People there wanted a market for fresh foods. ③Students wanted to learn bow to grow vegetables. ④The natural condition isn’t proper for growing plants. A．①③ B．②④ C．①④ D．②③ 28．Which picture can describe the project according to the passage? A． B． C． D． 29．Which word can be used to describe the project in the school? A．Traditional. B．Creative. C．Professional. D．Private. 30．What can we infer (推断) from the last two paragraphs? A．The project has been widely spread. B．Eggs and tilapia are sold at a good price. C．The project brings the students a feeling of pride. D．Students have raised enough money to buy vegetables. 31．What is the best title of the passage? A．A Story of Helping the Poor. B．An Experience in the Desert. C．A Project from Seeds to Sales. D．A Dream of Giving Vegetables. 【答案】27．C 28．B 29．B 30．C 31．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了位于亚利桑那州图森市的M. E. 学校如何通过一个创新的项目帮助当地社区解决食物不足的问题。 27． 细节理解题。根据“The students could eat breakfast and lunch at school, but their families didn’t always have enough money for dinner”和“Soil (土壤) doesn’t always have the nutrients (营养) that plants need to grow”可知，M. E. School决定为邻里社区种植食物是因为附近的人家都很穷以及这里的自然条件不适宜种植植物。故选C。 28．细节理解题。根据“To solve the problem, the school set up a system in which fish poop makes plants grow better and the plants’ roots (根) clean the water in the fish tank.”可知，为了解决这个问题，学校建立了一个系统，在这个系统中，鱼粪使植物生长得更好，植物的根清洁鱼缸里的水。结合选项，B中的图片最符合。故选B。 29．推理判断题。根据“To solve the problem, the school set up a system in which fish poop makes plants grow better and the plants’ roots (根) clean the water in the fish tank.”结合全文内容可知，这个项目展示了学校采用创新的方法解决问题，因此最适合描述这个项目的词是creative“创新的”。故选B。 30．推理判断题。根据“People don’t have a lot of money, so it’s a nice dream we have to give them food. It’s also a chance to be healthy and eat better”（人们没有很多钱，所以这是一个美好的梦想，我们必须给他们食物。这也是一个保持健康和变得更好的机会。）结合文章最后两段内容可推断，这个项目给学生们带来了自豪感，因为他们能为邻里社区做出贡献，同时也通过销售鸡蛋和罗非鱼筹集了种子和食物的费用。故选C。 31．标题归纳题。根据“People don’t have a lot of money, so it’s a nice dream we have to give them food.”（人们没有很多钱，所以这是一个美好的梦想，我们必须给他们食物。）结合全文内容可知，这篇文章主要讲述了位于亚利桑那州图森市的M. E.学校如何通过一个创新的项目帮助当地社区解决食物不足的问题，因而最适合的标题是“A Dream of Giving Vegetables. ”。故选D。 08（2024·山东济宁·中考真题） 32．What should you do if you find a baby bird hurt? A．Just leave it there. B．Call the animal center. C．Put it back to its nest. D．Feed it with healthy food. 33．Why should you do nothing about an unhurt baby bird with feathers? A．Because you might hurt it. B．Because it is learning to fly. C．Because it is afraid of people D．Because its mother will find it soon. 34．Which of the following is TRUE about mother birds? A．They don’t care about their babies. B．They push their babies out of their nest. C．They don’t mind the smell of people on their babies. D．They will give up their babies if there’s smell of people on them. 35．Where do you most probably find this passage? A．In a newspaper. B．In an engineer’s diary. C．In a tourist guide book. D．In a student’s notebook. 【答案】32．B 33．B 34．C 35．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了在发现受伤或未受伤的小鸟时应该采取的正确措施，以及一些关于母鸟行为的常识。 32．细节理解题。根据“If the bird is HURT: Call the animal center (0-123-4567) ”可知，如果发现鸟受伤了，应该打电话给动物中心。故选B。 33．细节理解题。根据“If it has FEATHERS: Just leave it there! (It’s learning how to fly!)”可知，对于一只没有受伤且有羽毛的小鸟，什么都不做的原因是它正在学习飞行，因为这个阶段的小鸟需要练习飞行技能，而不是人为干预。故选B。 34．细节理解题。根据“People believe birds will give up their babies if they have the smell of people on them；WRONG! Birds don’t care”可知，母鸟不在乎鸟宝宝身上有人类的气味，母鸟不会因为小鸟身上有人的气味而放弃它们。故选C。 35．推理判断题。从右上角的课程和上课日期，结合笔记本样式，可以推断是学生笔记本。故选D。 09（2024·山东日照·中考真题） When you take the subway, you might notice many people, old and young, listening to audiobooks instead of reading paper books. Audiobooks have become quite popular these days. Why are more and more people choosing audiobooks over traditional books? Is listening to an audiobook just as good as reading a paper book? You need to find time available and a quiet place to sit down and read. However, you can listen to audiobooks anytime and anywhere you like, and it gives your eyes a break, too. But the big question is, do we get as much knowledge from audiobooks as we do from paper books? Researchers did an experiment to find the answer. Volunteers in Group One were asked to listen to an audiobook while volunteers in Group Two read a book of the same content (内容). It turned out that they recalled as much information, whether they listened to or read it. Another study from The Journal of Neuroscience further supported the result above. In the study, researchers scanned (扫描) people’s brains when they listened to and read books. The result showed that listening to audiobooks activated (激活) almost the same parts of the brain as reading did. However, some people still believe that they learn better from reading paper books. One reason might be that when we listen to audiobooks, we are often doing some other tasks at the same time. “If you’re trying to learn while doing two things, you’ re not going to learn as well,” Daniel Willingham, a researcher at the University of Virginia, told The New York Times. 36．Why are more and more people choosing audiobooks over paper books? A．They are easier to take. B．They offer choices in content. C．They improve people’s eyesight. D．They free people in time and place. 37．What did researchers find in the study? A．People recalled more information from reading paper books. B．Listening activated different parts of the brain from reading. C．People can read and listen to the same content at the same time. D．Listening makes no difference in recalling information from reading. 38．What can we infer from the text? A．People need to stay focused while reading. B．People often do other tasks while listening. C．People actually learn better from audiobooks. D．People have to activate the brain to learn better. 39．How is the text organized? (①=Paragraph 1,②=Paragraph 2,…) A． B． C． D． 【答案】36．D 37．D 38．A 39．B 【导语】本文讲述了有声书和纸质书两种阅读方式的对比。 36．细节理解题。根据“you can listen to audiobooks anytime and anywhere you like, and it gives your eyes a break”可知有声图书在时间和地点上解放了人们。故选D。 37．细节理解题。根据“It turned out that they recalled as much information, whether they listened to or read it”可知无论他们是听信息还是读信息，都能回忆起同样多的内容。故选D。 38．推理判断题。根据“You need to find time available and a quiet place to sit down and read.”可以推断出，人们在阅读时需要保持专注。而选项B是可以直接从原文“when we listen to audiobooks, we are often doing some other tasks at the same time.”中得出答案，而不是推断出。故选A。 39．篇章结构题。根据文章结构，第一段引出有声书的流行，第二段讨论有声书和纸质书的比较，第三四段说明研究结果，第五段总结，故选B。 10（2024·山东日照·中考真题） Best Theatres in London Sondheim Theatre Set up in 1970, it has been one of the most popular theatres in London that house some famous plays, one of which is Les Miserables that has been continuously performed there up to now. Inside there are 3 coffee bars. Website: www.sondheimtheatre.co.ukLyceum Theatre Since 1765, it has been hosting different activities over the year and has been closed and reopened several times. And it has been home of The Lion King for over 18 years. It also has bars, Wi-fi, and a shop that sells theatre goods. Website: www.thelyceumtheatre.comPrince Edward Theatre Built in 1929, it is home to some of the best-known plays and performances in the history of London theatre, like Peter Pan, Jersey Boys, and Anything Goes. It offers friendly service for the disabled. It has 5 coffee bars to choose from. Website: www.princeedwardtheatre.co.ukShakespeare’s Globe It is a world-famous culture theatre, where you can enjoy Hamlet, Romeo and Juliet, King Henry IV... any play by Shakespeare in the open air. Being a good place for the whole family, it offers a lot of activities—workshops, storytelling meetings and story tours, which both children and adults would love. Website: www.shakespearesglobe.com 40．Which play will you enjoy if you go to Lyceum Theatre? A．Anything Goes. B．The Lion King. C．Les Miserables. D．Romeo and Juliet. 41．Which would the disabled choose to go to? A．Sondheim Theatre. B．Prince Edward Theatre. C．Lyceum Theatre. D．Shakespeare’s Globe. 42．Where can a family book the tickets for a play in the open air? A．www.sondheimtheatre.co.uk B．www.thelyceumtheatre.com C．www.shakespearesglobe.com D．www.princeedwardtheatre.co.uk 【答案】40．B 41．B 42．C 【导语】本文介绍了伦敦最好的影院。 40．细节理解题。根据“Lyceum Theatre”中介绍的信息“And it has been home of The Lion King for over 18 years.”可知，兰心大戏院上演的剧目是《狮子王》。故选B。 41．细节理解题。根据“Prince Edward Theatre”中介绍的信息“It offers friendly service for the disabled.”可知，爱德华王子剧院为残疾人提供友好的服务，所以残疾人会选择去爱德华王子剧院。故选B。 42．细节理解题。根据“Shakespeare’s Globe”中介绍的信息“you can enjoy Hamlet, Romeo and Juliet, King Henry IV… any play by Shakespeare in the open air…Website: www.shakespearesglobe.com”可知，莎士比亚环球剧场提供露天剧场的演出，可以通过www.shakespearesglobe.com订票。故选C。 11（2024·山东日照·中考真题） Sounds from human activities spread across the ocean, causing much trouble to ocean animals. However, according to a new study, climate change might influence how sound travels through the water. Human-caused climate change influences the ocean in many ways, such as changing its temperature, salt level, and acidity (酸度). For example, when the water becomes more acidic, it can’t take in certain sounds. So those sounds travel further, adding to the noise in some areas. However, this effect (影响) is not as big as other changes. Changes like temperature and salt level can affect how the ocean’s different layers (层) mix. That, in turn, affects how sound travels. Researchers used computers to model how those changes influence noise levels across the ocean. They compared the models of the world now to those of the world in about 70 years if climate change continues. In the North Atlantic, they saw an increase in sound levels in the upper 125 meters of the Ocean. This was caused mostly by ice melting (融化) from Greenland, forming a cold layer of water near the Ocean’s surface. When sound travels through water, it turns toward the coldest layer. This made sound waves get stuck in the cold top layer and spread further out across the water instead of traveling deeper. As a result, the sound became louder at this depth in the North Atlantic. The rising noise levels in the Atlantic Ocean are worrying as they could disturb animals’ communication, hunting and travelling. Sharks already avoid loud ships, but with noise levels increasing everywhere, what will happen? 43．What has a bigger effect on ocean noise? A．Sea level. B．Wind speed. C．Water temperature. D．Ocean acidity. 44．How did researchers carry out the study? A．By modeling changes in ocean noise levels. B．By finding areas with increasing ocean noise. C．By doing field research in the North Atlantic. D．By comparing today’s ice size to that of the future. 45．What do we know about the sound traveling through water? A．It can be easily blocked by ice. B．It can get stuck by the seaside. C．It goes towards the colder areas. D．It travels faster in the deep ocean. 46．What is the main idea of the text? A．Ice melting brings changes to water level. B．Some ocean animals keep away from ships. C．The more the ocean is acidic, the more sounds it takes in. D．Climate change may influence the way sounds travel in the ocean. 【答案】43．C 44．A 45．C 46．D 【导语】本文讲述了气候变化如何影响声音在海洋中的传播。 43．细节理解题。根据第二段“Changes like temperature and salt level can affect how the ocean’s different layers mix. That, in turn, affects how sound travels.”可知，水温对海洋噪音的影响更大。故选C。 44．细节理解题。根据第三段“Researchers used computers to model how those changes influence noise levels across the ocean.”可知，研究人员通过模拟海洋噪音水平的变化来进行研究。故选A。 45．细节理解题。根据第四段“When sound travels through water, it turns toward the coldest layer.”可知，声音在水中传播时会朝向较冷的区域。故选C。 46．主旨大意题。根据第一段“However, according to a new study, climate change might influence how sound travels through the water.”以及全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了气候变化可能会影响声音在海洋中的传播方式。故选D。 12（2024·山东菏泽·中考真题） A Chinese song contest (比赛) for overseas Chinese was held in London on Sunday. It was organized by the London Chinatown Chinese Association. Twenty competitors were divided into three age groups: adults (18-40), juniors (12-17) and children (5-11). The contest awarded one gold, one silver and one bronze prize for each group. The winners will attend the final contest in Beijing this summer. In a welcome speech, Jiang Lei, consul general of the Chinese Embassy (中国大使馆总领事) in the UK, said the contest is a great platform to show the talents of overseas Chinese and promote (弘扬) traditional Chinese culture. “2024 marks the Year of the Dragon. It’s especially meaningful for overseas Chinese to get together and sing Chinese songs. I believe that these young competitors will move from today’s small stage to larger ones in the future,” she said. Jacky Zhao, a 15-year-old boy, got a silver prize. “It was my first stage performance here, which I think can help me get used to the life in the UK,” he said. Li Siyu, in a traditional Chinese horse-face skirt, performed the song Qingming Shanghe Tu. By mixing classical Chinese dance and Peking opera into her performance, Li successfully showed the beauty of the traditional Chinese culture to the world. The contest has been held for 14 years since 2011. More than 45,000 competitors from around the world attended it. It has become one of the most popular cultural events for overseas Chinese. 47．Which age group did Jacky Zhao come from? A．Adults. B．Juniors. C．Children. 48．What is the main purpose of the contest? A．To raise money for children. B．To sing Qingming Shanghe Tu. C．To promote traditional Chinese culture. 49．Which of the following best shows the structure (结构) of the passage? (P1=Paragraph 1…) A． B． C． 50．What could be the best title for the passage? A．A Chinese Song Contest in London B．A Traditional Chinese Horse-face Skirt C．A Final Chinese Song Contest in Beijing 【答案】47．B 48．C 49．B 50．A 【导语】本文主要介绍伦敦唐人街华人协会组织的中文歌曲比赛。 47．细节理解题。根据“adults (18-40), juniors (12-17) and children (5-11)”和“Jacky Zhao, a 15-year-old boy, got a silver prize.”可知，Jacky Zhao是青少年组的，故选B。 48．细节理解题。根据“the contest is a great platform to show the talents of overseas Chinese and promote (弘扬) traditional Chinese culture”可知，大赛是展示海外华人才华、弘扬中华传统文化的重要平台，故选C。 49．篇章结构题。分析文章内容可知，第一段引出这个比赛；第二段介绍这个比赛的分组和奖项；第三段介绍今年比赛的目的，第四段介绍今年比赛的一个获奖者；第五段进行总结。故选B。 50．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍伦敦唐人街华人协会组织的中文歌曲比赛，故选A。 13（2024·山东济宁·中考真题） Sometimes when the rain falls hard and fast on you, it might hurt a little. But what happens when it hits a mosquito (蚊子)? In 2012, David Hu, a scientist at Georgia Tech, became interested in this problem and decided to do a research. He used a high-speed camera so that he could watch the mosquitoes in very slow motion and find out what they’re doing when they’re out in the rain. What he found is that when a raindrop falls on a mosquito, it’s like when a bus hits a person. Besides, the little insect (昆虫) is hit by a raindrop about once every 20 seconds. So why don’t we see many dead mosquitoes after it rains? A mosquito is as big as a raindrop, but it is much lighter —0.002g only. This saves its life in raindrop hits. Because the mosquito is so light, when it is hit by a raindrop, it won’t experience a force that is strong enough to kill it. The study also found that when a mosquito is hit by a raindrop, the insect is pushed by the raindrop and falls together with it. But the mosquito doesn’t get wet easily because it is covered with hairs which keep off water. After dropping about 6 cm, it will roll off the raindrop and fly away. However, this trick isn’t always successful. If the mosquito flies too low when it is hit by the raindrop, it won’t have time to fly off. Then it will hit the ground and meet its death. 51．What does the underlined word “motion” mean? A．Time. B．Movie. C．Step. D．Movement. 52．What protect mosquitoes in the rain? A．Their mouths and their noses. B．Their eyes and their ears. C．Their legs and their wings. D．Their body weight and their hairs. 53．When is it dangerous for a mosquito in the rain? A．When it flies too close to the ground. B．When the rain falls too hard and too fast. C．When it is hit by raindrops too many times. D．When it drops for more than 6 cm in the rain. 54．Which of the following is a proper title for the passage? A．How Raindrops Hurt Mosquitoes B．When Mosquitoes Are in Danger C．Why Mosquitoes Aren’t Hurt in Rain D．When Mosquitoes Meet Their Death 【答案】51．D 52．D 53．A 54．C 【导语】本文讲述了科学家David Hu对雨滴撞击蚊子的研究。 51．词义猜测题。根据“He used a high-speed camera so that he could watch the mosquitoes”可知，高速相机可以以非常慢的动作观察蚊子，所以motion表示“动作”。故选D。 52．细节理解题。根据“A mosquito is as big as a raindrop, but it is much lighter —0.002 g only. This saves its life in raindrop hits. ”和“But the mosquito doesn’t get wet easily because it is covered with hairs which keep off water. After dropping about 6 cm, it will roll off the raindrop and fly away.”可知，蚊子的体重和毛发能在雨中保护蚊子。故选D。 53．细节理解题。根据“If the mosquito flies too low when it is hit by the raindrop, it won’t have time to fly off. Then it will hit the ground and meet its death”可知，如果蚊子飞得太低，被雨滴击中后没有时间飞走，就会撞到地面而死亡。故选A。 54．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要讨论了为什么蚊子在雨中不会受伤。故选C。 14（2024·山东临沂·中考真题） It can be really embarrassed if someone sees you talking to yourself. But don’t feel bad about it! Talking to yourself actually has a lot of advantages. You probably know that thinking is good for the brain. It helps us do things like making plans and managing our feelings. Talking to yourself loud is like showing this quiet inner (内在的) speech. It can help us do better in different areas like school, sports and work. Talking to yourself, especially in the third person, can help us manage bad feelings. “Talking to yourself in the third person is like giving yourself advice,” said Jason Moser, a professor (教授) from Michigan State University, US. Moser uses himself in an example. He does not like flying, but he has to fly often for his work. So when he is feeling nervous or afraid during a flight (航班), he talks to himself. “Well, you know, Jason knows air travel is very safe. And Jason has been on thousands of flights.” This can help us to see things from a different aspect (角度), especially when we’re feeling sad or angry. When encouragement comes from oneself, it adds to self-confidence. A study invited 72 tennis players to take part in some matches. Researchers (调查者) put the players into two groups: one group that said nothing while playing, and the other that talked to themselves while playing. They found that the self-talkers showed more confidence and played better than those in the silent group. Self-talk also helps to improve memory. Researchers tested four different ways to memorize things: reading silently, reading aloud, listening to someone else read and listening to a recording of oneself reading. Those who read out loud recalled the information the best, researchers said in their study. It’s because the information will probably become a long-term memory if it is said out loud. 55．What does the underlined word “It” refer to (指代) in Paragraph 2? A．Talking to yourself. B．The brain. C．Thinking. 56．How does the writer show his opinion in Paragraph 3? A．By listing numbers. B．By giving an example. C．By comparing himself with others. 57．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 4? A．Talking to yourself helps to find out the best players. B．Talking to yourself helps to improve players’ talking skills. C．Talking to yourself helps to make you more confident. 58．Which of the following best shows the structure (结构) of the passage? (P =Paragraph) A． B． C． 【答案】55．A 56．B 57．C 58．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，文章介绍了自言自语的好处。 55．推理判断题。根据“Talking to yourself loud is like showing this quiet inner (内在的) speech. It can help us do better in different areas like school, sports and work.”可知，大声对自己说话就像展示自己的内心语言，可以帮助我们在学校、运动和工作等不同领域做得更好。故划线部分It指代上文提到的Talking to yourself。故选A。 56．推理判断题。根据“Talking to yourself, especially in the third person, can help us manage bad feelings.”可知，第三段主要介绍自言自语可以帮助我们控制不好的感觉。文章以美国密歇根州立大学教授杰森个人乘坐飞机的经历论证了这一观点。故文章第三段通过举例子的方式论证观点。故选B。 57．段落大意题。根据“When encouragement comes from oneself, it adds to self-confidence.”可知，文章第四段主要介绍了自言自语可以帮助提高自信。故选C。 58．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，文章第一段总起全文，表明文章主题：自言自语有很多好处；文章第二段总体介绍了自言自语的概念，进一步表明它的好处；文章第三、四、五段分别从三个方面具体阐述自言自语的好处，故文章正确的结构如图A所示。故选A。 15（2024·山东菏泽·中考真题） Orangutan means “person of the forest” in the Malay language. Orangutans are great apes (猿). Wild orangutans live on two islands—Sumatra and Borneo in Southeast Asia. Orangutans have long and powerful arms, fingers and toes. These help them climb and swing between trees in the rainforest. Orangutans mostly eat fruit. They also eat leaves, flowers, and sometimes insects. Over 300 different types of food have been found in their diet. Orangutans play a very important role in spreading fruit and plant seeds in the forest. This helps to keep their rainforest home healthy. Orangutans are smart and intelligent. They create and use tools to get seeds from fruit. They also use tools to catch insects from the insides of trees. Orangutans memorize the rainforest where they live. This helps them know which trees have ripe (成熟的) fruit. They build a sleeping nest each night made of branches (树枝) and leaves. However, orangutans are in great danger. Scientists say that there are less than 62, 000 orangutans remaining in the wild. Young orangutans are sometimes caught and sold as pets. Orangutans are also hunted for food. The biggest problem is that orangutans are losing their homes. Millions of rainforests are cut down each year for palm oil (棕榈油). Palm oil can be used to make candy bars, cookies, shampoos, soaps, and pet food. Most of the palm oil produced in the world is from Sumatra and Borneo. Wildlife organizations are working hard to help protect the remaining rainforests. If the rainforests disappear, orangutans will disappear forever. 59．What are orangutans? A．Rainforests. B．Great apes. C．Islands. 60．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．Why orangutans create and use tools. B．Where orangutans build a sleeping nest. C．How smart and intelligent orangutans are. 61．Which is the main reason why orangutans are in great danger? A．Orangutans are caught as pets. B．People hunt orangutans for food. C．Millions of rainforests are cut down. 62．In which section of a website can we probably read the passage? A．Fantastic Wildlife. B．Modern Technology. C．Famous People. 【答案】59．B 60．C 61．C 62．A 【导语】本文介绍了猩猩的生活习性，并呼吁人们保护猩猩，保护环境。 59．细节理解题。根据“Orangutans are great apes”可知，猩猩是类人猿。故选B。 60．段落大意题。根据“Orangutans are smart and intelligent. ”可知，第三段主要介绍了猩猩的聪明才智。故选C。 61．细节理解题。根据“The biggest problem is that orangutans are losing their homes. Millions of rainforests are cut down each year for palm oil”可知，猩猩处于危险中的主要原因是失去了它们的家，因为棕榈油，雨林被砍伐。故选C。 62．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了猩猩的生活习性等，因此最有可能出现在“奇妙的野生动物”部分。故选A。 16（2024·山东东营·中考真题） We’ve all seen pictures of camels carrying heavy loads (负载物) across the sandy desert. They walk without stopping for food or water for several days. Have you ever wondered how they do it? For your answer, take a look at the bag round hump which is on a camel’s back. Camels are the only animals with humps. And it’s the hump that gives camels the amazing ability to go for long periods of time without food or water. The hump is like a spare cupboard (备用食物柜) where the camel stores (储存) food and water for days when there is nothing to eat or drink. When life is good, and there is plenty to eat and drink, a camel’s hump can grow to as big as 40 kilograms. The food is changed into fat (脂防) and stored in the camel’s bump. When there is nothing to eat or drink, camels begin to use the stored fat in their humps. That’s why they can continue to live for weeks without food and up to 10 days without water. Camels are like sponges. They can take in more than 130 litres of water in one short drink. In only a few minutes, all of this water goes directly to the camel’s blood cells (组胞). Camels save water too. They never know when they’ll find the next watering hole. As they breathe out, their noses close quickly. The water in the breath stays in their bodies. After a long trek across the desert carrying 100 kilograms or more, a camel can lose up to 150 kilograms of weight. The camel’s hump will become very small. As soon as this camel gets to an oasis (绿洲), it will take in hundreds of litres of water. In a day, it will get back most of its weight. Nature really has given camels the perfect system for living the hard desert life. 63．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The shape of the hump. B．The habit of the camel. C．The function (功能) of the hump. D．The ability of the camel 64．Which is TRUE about the hump? A．The hump stores different kinds of food. B．The hump always stays the same size. C．The hump can store more than 130 litres water. D．The weight of the hump depends on eating conditions. 65．What does the underlined word “sponges” mean? A．海绵 B．弹簧 C．水桶 D．吸管 66．Why docs the writer use some numbers in this passage? A．To explain the facts more clearly. B．To express the ideas more politely. C．To make the article more educational. D．To make the language more beautiful. 67．What does the writer mainly want to tell us? A．Camels have some amazing abilities. B．Camels are good helpers for desert people. C．Camels have a great quality of never wasting water. D．Camels have a perfect system for living in the desert. 【答案】63．C 64．D 65．A 66．A 67．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了骆驼的驼峰的作用以及为什么骆驼可以在沙漠中生活。 63．主旨大意题。根据“Camels are the only animals with humps. And it’s the hump that gives camels the amazing ability to go for long periods of time without food or water...”可知本段主要介绍了驼峰的功能。故选C。 64．推理判断题。根据“When life is good, and there is plenty to eat and drink, a camel’s hump can grow to as big as 40 kilograms”可知当生活很好，有充足的食物和饮料时，骆驼的驼峰可以长到40公斤大，可见驼峰的重量取决于饮食条件。故选D。 65．词义猜测题。根据“Camels are like sponges. They can take in more than 130 litres of water in one short drink”可知是像海绵一样，可以吸水，故此处划线部分意为“海绵”。故选A。 66．推理判断题。根据“a camel’s hump can grow to as big as 40 kilograms”“they can continue to live for weeks without food and up to 10 days without water.”“They can take in more than 130 litres of water in one short drink”以及“After a long trek across the desert carrying 100 kilograms or more, a camel can lose up to 150 kilograms of weight.”可知这些数字更好地描述了骆驼的情况，即为了更准确地解释事实。故选A。 67．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了骆驼的驼峰的作用以及为什么骆驼可以在沙漠中生活，即骆驼在沙漠中有一套完美的生活系统。故选D。 17（2024·山东烟台·中考真题） A Long March 5 rocket took off from the Wenchang Space Launch Site in Hainan province on May 3, 2024. After flying for about 37 minutes, it successfully placed the Chang’e 6 robotic lunar probe (月球探测器) into an Earth-moon transfer trajectory (转移轨道). Several days later the probe was programmed to land on the moon’s far side and started its tasks, which would last about 53 days. This is the world’s first try to bring samples (样本) from the moon’s far side. For China, it’s the second sample-return moon journey. Chang’e 5 successfully brought samples from the moon in the winter of 2020. Up to now, 10 moon sample-return tasks have been carried out by the United States, the former Soviet Union (前苏联) and China, but all these samples were collected from the moon’s near side. The moon’s far side has always been a subject of scientific wonder because of its many mysteries. It’s facing away from Earth and it can never be seen from Earth. It was once called the “dark side of the moon” even though it receives just as much sunlight as the near side. Chinese researchers have found that the soil on the far side is much thicker than that on the near side, but they haven’t found out the reason. Samples brought back by Chang’e 5 have helped scientists find that there were volcanic (火山的) activities on the near side around 2 billion years ago. Some scientists thought maybe volcanoes became inactive on the far side about 4 billion years ago. Is it true? Samples from the far side will allow them to know the answer. “Comparing the make-up of the far side samples from Chang’e 6 with those collected from the near side will be of great scientific value to the international community,” said Martin Sweeting, a famous professor of space engineering. 68．When did Chang’e 6 begin to work on the moon? A．On May 3, 2024. B．After flying for about 37 minutes. C．In the winter of 2020. D．After landing on the moon’s far side. 69．How many times has China got samples from the moon’s near side? A．Once. B．Twice. C．Five times. D．Ten times. 70．According to the passage, the moon’s far side ________. A．receives less sunlight than the near side B．has thicker soil compared with the near side C．can be seen from Earth with powerful cameras D．has more recent volcanic activities than the near side 71．What can we learn from Martin Sweeting’s words? A．Chang’e 6 will stay longer on the moon for more tasks. B．Chang’e 6 is carrying out a valuable task for the world. C．Chang’e 6 will bring samples from both sides of the moon. D．Chang’e 6 can compare samples before bringing them back. 【答案】68．D 69．A 70．B 71．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了长征5号的情况，由此引出对于月球情况的介绍，突出了从月球上带回样本对于航空事业有重大帮助。 68．细节理解题。根据“Several days later the probe was programmed to land on the moon’s far side and started its tasks, which would last about 53 days.”可知，探测器被设定在月球背面着陆后，开始了它的任务，故选D。 69．推理判断题。根据“This is the world’s first try to bring samples (样本) from the moon’s far side. For China, it’s the second sample-return moon journey…but all these samples were collected from the moon’s near side.”可知，这是世界上第一次尝试从月球背面采集样本。对中国来说，这是第二次取样返回月球之旅，之前所有这些样本都是从月球近侧收集的，也就是说中国已经有过一次从月球近侧采集样本，故选A。 70．细节理解题。根据“Chinese researchers have found that the soil on the far side is much thicker than that on the near side”可知，月球背面的土壤比近侧厚得多，故选B。 71．推理判断题。根据“Comparing the make-up of the far side samples from Chang’e 6 with those collected from the near side will be of great scientific value to the international community”可知，嫦娥6号收集的远端样本和近端样本对国际社会来说将具有重大的科学价值，也就是说嫦娥六号正在为世界执行一项有价值的任务，故选B。 18（2024·山东滨州·中考真题） Zigong, in Sichuan Province is home to Chinese lanterns. Zigong lantern is known as the best lantern in the world. The Zigong Lantern Festival dates back to the Tang Dynasty. The festival has rapidly developed with traditional culture and modern technologies. In 2008, the Zigong Lantern Festival was listed as a national intangible cultural heritage(国家级非物质文化遗产), becoming a shining name card for Chinese culture to go out into the world. “Making a huge lantern for exhibition requires 17 steps,” said Wan Songtao, an inheritor (传承人) of Zigong lantern-making. “Each step is finished by a team instead of a single maker.” Wan added. The sundial (日晷), a kind of lantern, made by Wan’s team, for example, took about 80 makers over 50 days to complete the whole process. Unlike the lanterns in other places, Zigong lanterns use modern technologies such as AI, mechanical engineering (机械工程), and holography (全息摄影术). They are perfect combinations (结合) of lights, sounds and movements. What’s more, the theme of the lantern can be chosen in different ways. “Anything that can be designed on a lantern can make a wonderful show, and everyone is encouraged to turn their ideas into real works,” said Zhang Fanglai, a leading researcher at the Colorful Lantern Museum of China. And the rich themes of Zigong lanterns show the spirit of creativity and warmth from the bottom of the local people’s heart. The government encourages local people to learn lantern-making widely. Without doubt, at the heart of the Zigong Lantern Festival’s success is the local tradition of pulling together. Zigong lanterns are getting more and more popular. Driven by the collective efforts of the whole city, they have reached over 80 countries. It’s believed that Zigong lanterns will reach every corner of the world in the future. 72．Which of the following poets could probably enjoy Zigong lanterns? A．Cao Cao. B．Li Bai. C．Tao Yuanming. D．Cao Zhi. 73．What can we infer(推断) from Paragraph 2? ①Holography is a kind of traditional technology. ②It’s hard for makers to complete a huge lantern for exhibition. ③Zigong lanterns are different from the lanterns in other places. ④The workers of Zigong lantern making work together in a team. A．①②③ B．①④ C．②③④ D．②③ 74．According to the passage, what’s Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The rich themes of Zigong lanterns. B．The long history of Zigong lanterns. C．The excellent inheritors of Zigong lanterns. D．The modern technologies of Zigong lanterns. 75．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．People in Zigong. B．Zigong lanterns. C．The makers of Zigong lanterns. D．Many museums. 76．Which of the following best shows the structure of this passage? （①=Paragraph1, ②=Paragraph 2...） A． B． C． D． 【答案】72．B 73．C 74．A 75．B 76．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要四川自贡的盛大灯会以及灯笼制作人Wan Songtao。 72．细节理解题。根据“The Zigong Lantern Festival dates back to the Tang Dynasty.”可知，自贡灯笼节追溯到唐朝，四个选项中只有李白是唐朝诗人，故选B。 73．推理判断题。根据“Making a huge lantern for exhibition requires 17 steps”可知，制作一个用于展览的巨型灯笼需要17个步骤，这并不容易。根据“The sundial (日晷), a kind of lantern, made by Wan’s team, for example, took about 80 makers over 50 days to complete the whole process”可知，自贡制作灯笼的工人们在一个团队里一起工作，根据“Unlike the lanterns in other places, Zigong lanterns use modern technologies such as AI, mechanical engineering (机械工程), and holography”可知，自贡的灯笼与其他地方的不同，故选C。 74．主旨大意题。根据“What’s more, the theme of the lantern can be chosen in different ways.”可知，第三段主要介绍了灯笼的主题，故选A。 75．词义猜测题。根据“Zigong lanterns are getting more and more popular. Driven by the collective efforts of the whole city, they have reached over 80 countries”可知，在整个城市的共同努力下，自贡灯笼已经到达了80多个国家，所以they指代“Zigong lanterns”，故选B。 76．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段引出本文主题，第二段介绍了灯笼的制作步骤，第三段介绍了灯笼的主题，最后一段介绍了政府的大力支持以及人们对于自贡灯笼前景展望，属于总—分—总的结构，故选A。 19（2024·山东滨州·中考真题） As a country powerful in math, China has many folk games full of math wisdom (智慧). You may play many of them before. Let’s take a look at three of them. Chinese nine linked rings puzzleIt’s believed that the nine linked rings puzzle was created in the Western Han Dynasty. And it is usually made up of nine rings connected to a handle (手柄). Players have to remove (移除) all the rings from the handle to win the game. This is not a simple game. The solution takes 341 moves, so lots of patience is required. But if you learn to solve it, it’s hard to forget. TangramFirst popular in the Ming and Qing dynasties, the tangram is a puzzle made up of seven pieces of different shapes. For each puzzle, players need to use all the pieces to make a shape. To do it, they have to know about geometry (几何学). In the 18th century, the tangram was brought to the West and soon became popular there. Luban lockThe Luban lock was first created by Lu Ban 2,000 years ago. The lock has a lot to do with solid geometry (立体几何). It’s hard to separate the six pieces. However, it is usually easier to unlock a Luban lock than to put it back together. Now, there are Luban locks made up of nine or more pieces. 77．Which of the following subjects do the three folk games have to do with? A．English. B．Music. C．Math. D．Chemistry. 78．_________ is first popular in the Ming and Qing dynasties. A．Tangram B．Luban lock C．Chinese nine linked rings puzzle D．Nine-square Grid 79．From the passage we can learn that _________. A．there are Luban locks made up of only six pieces now B．the tangram was brought to the West in the 19th century C．it is usually more difficult to unlock a Luban lock than to put it back together D．players have to remove nine rings from the handle to win the nine linked rings puzzle 80．Where can you probably read the passage? A．In a story book. B．In a science book. C．In a travel magazine. D．In a sports magazine. 81．The writer wrote the passage mainly to _________. A．explain the ways to learn math B．share his skills of playing folk games C．tell us the importance of learning math well D．introduce folk games with math wisdom in China 【答案】77．C 78．A 79．D 80．B 81．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了九连环、七巧板和鲁班锁这三个充满数学智慧的中国民间游戏。 77．细节理解题。根据“As a country powerful in math, China has many folk games full of math wisdom (智慧).”可知，三个游戏都与数学相关，故选C。 78．细节理解题。根据“First popular in the Ming and Qing dynasties, the tangram is a puzzle made up of seven pieces of different shapes.”可知，七巧板最早流行于明清时期，故选A。 79．细节理解题。根据“And it is usually made up of nine rings connected to a handle (手柄). Players have to remove (移除) all the rings from the handle to win the game.”可知，它通常由九个环连接在一个手柄上。玩家必须从手柄上摘下所有的圆环才能赢得比赛。故选D。 80．推理判断题。本文主要介绍三个与数学相关的民间游戏，所以可能在一本科学书里看到这篇文章，故选B。 81．主旨大意题。根据“As a country powerful in math, China has many folk games full of math wisdom (智慧). You may play many of them before. Let’s take a look at three of them.”可知，本文主要介绍了九连环、七巧板和鲁班锁这三个充满数学智慧的中国民间游戏，故选D。 (2023中考真题） （2023·山东德州·中考真题） Scientists train AI to read human thoughts Scientists have created a new tool that can turn people’s thoughts into words. It works by using an AI program called GPT-1 to translate brain activity words. In order to achieve this, scientists did a lot. First, scientists got everything ready before the tests. They invited some volunteers. Each spent sixteen hours listening to stories in a scanner (扫描仪). They imagined the stories as they heard them, and the scanner recorded their brain activity. GPT-1 made connections between the ideas in the stories and the recordings of the listeners’ brain activity. Then came the tests. The scientists did them in three different ways. Test 1 The researchers played a new story. GPT-1 was only given recordings of the volunteers’ brain activity. But the words that GPT-1 predicted (预测) were very similar to the words in the story that they were listening to. The words weren’t exactly the same, but they often carried the same meaning. For example, when a volunteer was listening to a story about a woman who didn't have a driver’s license (驾照), the program came up with this: “She hasn’t even started to learn to drive yet.” Test 2 The scientists also carried out the test when volunteers imagined their own stories. “It really works at the level of ideas. The ideas are the same but expressed in different words,” says Alexander Huth, one of the scientists behind the study. Test 3 The researchers showed the volunteers silent movies, with no spoken words at all. GPT-1 could still figure out (算出) the basic ideas. After the tests, the scientists say that GPT-1 is the first AI program to turn what people are thinking into words without brain surgery (外科手术). The tool isn’t something that can be easily used today, mainly because of the size and the cost of the scanner. In the future, they believe, a similar but cheaper tool could help people who have lost the ability to speak because of an injury or disease. The scientists say their tool can’t be used to “read people’s minds” without permission (允许). The tool only works if the person wants to share their thoughts. 1．What was the scanner used to do? A．Record brain activity. B．Read the volunteers’ ideas. C．Catch the ideas of stories. D．Work out the ideas. 2．What was GPT-1 used to do? A．Receive sounds. B．Test the scanner. C．Produce silent movies. D．Turn recordings of brain activity into words. 3．In which way was information put into volunteers’ brain in Test 3? A．Listening. B．Imagining. C．Watching. D．Reading. 4．Why did scientists do the tests? A．To show how the tool works. B．To prove that the tool works well. C．To test in which fields the tool can be used. D．To study whose mind can be read. 5．Who could the tool help according to the passage? A．People who can’t speak. B．People who can’t hear. C．People who can’t read. D．People who can’t drive. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了科学家们创造了一种新的工具，可以把人们的思想转化为文字。 1．细节理解题。根据“and the scanner recorded their brain activity.”可知扫描仪记录大脑活动。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“It works by using an AI program called GPT-1 to translate brain activity words.”可知GPT-1把大脑活动的记录转化成文字。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“The researchers showed the volunteers silent movies, with no spoken words at all.”可知研究人员给志愿者们看了一些无声电影，这些电影没有任何言语，所以是“看”。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“In order to achieve this, scientists did a lot.”、“First, scientists got everything ready before the tests.”和“Then came the tests. The scientists did them in three different ways.”可知科学家们创造了一种新的工具，可以把人们的思想转化为文字，所以为了证明这个工具运行良好，所以才做测试，故选B。 5．推理判断题。根据“The researchers showed the volunteers silent movies, with no spoken words at all. GPT-1 could still figure out (算出) the basic ideas.”（研究人员给志愿者们看了一些无声电影，这些电影没有任何言语。GPT-1仍然可以找出基本的思想。）可推断这个工具可以帮助不能说话的人。故选A。 （2023·山东淄博·中考真题） Have you ever read Andersen’s fairy tale The Ugly Duckling (丑小鸭)? Do you know that his motherland is Denmark? It lies in northern Europe. Let me tell you something about it. You can find almost any fast food in Denmark, such as hamburgers and hot dogs. Danish open-faced sandwiches are not only delicious, but also pretty and fun. They are works of art. Tasting some is an experience that shouldn’t be missed. “Lego” toys were created in Denmark. The toys were made of wood before. Building with Legos helps students learn about engineering, physics and technology in a fun way. In 1968, the first Legoland theme park opened in Billund, Denmark. Today, there are Legoland parks in California, Florida, Malaysia, Dubai, Windsor, Japan and Germany. Bicycling is popular in Denmark. Nine out of ten Danes have a bike. They ride their bikes no matter what the weather. They aren’t just riding bikes for fun. They use bikes to get to work, to take their kids to places, and even to carry goods. Today, more and more people are choosing bikes over cars. They have a saying in Denmark: “A bicycle is a Dane’s best friend.” Denmark is called the land of fairy tales. Andersen’s another popular fairy tale is The Little Mermaid (美人鱼). The Little Mermaid statue (雕塑) has been regarded as Denmark’s most famous landmark since 1913. The Danes believe that she brings them good luck. 6．What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 1 refer to? A．The Ugly Duckling. B．Denmark. C．Europe. D．Fast food. 7．According to Paragraph 4, we can call Denmark “________”. A．the country of bikes B．the land of fairy stories C．the capital of art D．the home of Legos 8．Which of the following is true about the Little Mermaid statue? A．It’s called fairy land. B．It was built by Andersen. C．It welcomes the ships there. D．It has been there for about 110 years. 9．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．Fairy tales. B．Andersen’s life. C．Some facts about Denmark. D．The history of Denmark. 【答案】6．B 7．A 8．D 9．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了关于丹麦的一些事情。 6．词义猜测题。根据“Do you know that his motherland is Denmark? It lies in northern Europe.”（你知道他的祖国是丹麦吗，它位于北欧）可知此处it指代“丹麦”。故选B。 7．细节理解题。根据“Bicycling is popular in Denmark”可知自行车在丹麦很受欢迎，所以可以叫丹麦为“自行车之国”。故选A。 8．细节理解题。根据“The Little Mermaid statue (雕塑) has been regarded as Denmark’s most famous landmark since 1913”可知自1913年以来，小美人鱼雕像一直被视为丹麦最著名的地标，所以小美人鱼雕像已经在那里大约110年了。故选D。 9．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了关于丹麦的一些事情。故选C。 （2023·山东菏泽·中考真题） The Heze Peony International Communication Forum(HPICF) was recently held in Heze, a city in Shandong Province. Heze, known as the “Peony Capital of China”, was put on the world stage. People from home and abroad came to the city and shared their ideas. The HPICF provided a platform for promoting (促进) peony cultural exchanges. Flowers are very important in every culture and they stand for love, friendship and happiness. Heze peonies have become a bridge to spread love and friendship around the world. The flower has a meaning of wealth, luck and prosperity (繁荣). In recent years, Heze peonies have shown in many important moments and also served as a special symbol to promote exchanges between China and the other countries. Heze has a history of more than 1,500 years of peony planting. It now has a peony planting area of about 26,667 hectares (公顷) and 1,280 kinds of peonies. In the near future, peony gardens will be built all over the world to promote cultural exchanges. Heze sets an example of how a city can make use of its treasure, like the peony culture, to connect with the world. The city has taken full advantage of its peony culture not only through the beauty, the poetry and art, but also through the international trade. The peony business in Heze has included both sightseeing (观光)and different kinds of products, such as seed oil, tea, cosmetics and healthy food. Its peony products have been brought to over 30 countries around the world. 10．Why was the Heze Peony International Communication Forum held? A．To build a bridge in Shandong Province. B．To help people from home and abroad. C．To promote peony cultural exchanges. 11．The peony has a meaning of ________ according to Paragraph 2. A．wealth, luck and prosperity B．sharing, speed and friendship C．kindness, health and happiness 12．What can we know about Heze peony? A．It has 1,280 different kinds of colors. B．It has a planting history of over 1,500 years. C．It’s grown in a garden of about 26,667 hectares. 13．What does the underlined word “cosmetics” refer to? A．A manager who sells peonies. B．A place of peony planting. C．A kind of peony product. 【答案】10．C 11．A 12．B 13．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了菏泽牡丹。 10．细节理解题。根据“People from home and abroad came to the city and shared their ideas. The HPICF provided a platform for promoting (促进) peony cultural exchanges.”可知是为了促进牡丹文化交流。故选C。 11．细节理解题。根据“The flower has a meaning of wealth, luck and prosperity (繁荣).”可知牡丹象征着财富、好运和繁荣。故选A。 12．细节理解题。根据“Heze has a history of more than 1,500 years of peony planting.”可知菏泽种植牡丹已有1500多年的历史。故选B。 13．词义猜测题。根据“Its peony products have been brought to over 30 countries around the world.”（牡丹产品远销世界30多个国家。）结合“The peony business in Heze has included both sightseeing (观光) and different kinds of products, such as seed oil, tea, cosmetics and healthy food.”可知此处的cosmetics是一种牡丹产品，故选C。 （2023·山东菏泽·中考真题） Kristen Tapping, a graduate from London South Bank University, has invented a bike wheel that she says can help clean pollution from the air. It’s called Rolloe. The wheel uses fins to pull in air as it turns, It then uses filters (过滤器) to take in polluted air and give off clean air back into the environment. The wheel can filter more air if it goes faster, although it still works at low speeds. Tapping said users would need to change the filter every week, or after about 250 kilometers, to make sure the wheel continues to work well. The wheel fits in the front of a standard bike and weighs about one kilogram. Tapping said she was encouraged to create the wheel when she was biking around London. “In traffic, you always notice the pollution; the heat, the gases and the smell,” she said. She predicts that if 10 percent of cyclists (骑自行车的人) in London had a Rolloe on their bike, they could filter about 266,865 m³ of air a day, although this has yet to be tested. A recent report shows that London’s health costs because of air pollution are the highest out of the 432 European cities. The World Health Organization (WHO) has also said that outdoor air pollution causes about 4.2 million deaths around the world each year. Tapping wants to use the wheel on shared bike projects at first, with the aim of making the wheels available for all bikes to use. She says she would also like to create a wheel that would fit in the back of a bike, as well as making them available in different sizes. 14．What is Rolloe? A．A university. B．An invention. C．Air pollution. 15．Why should the user need to change the filter? A．To let the bike run faster. B．To help people lose weight. C．To make the wheel work well. 16．What is Kristen Tapping’s future plan? A．To clean about 266,865 m³ of air a day. B．To travel around 432 European cities by bike. C．To make the wheels available for all kinds of bikes. 17．What is the passage mainly about? A．A bike wheel created to clean the polluted air. B．A project that encourages people to ride bikes. C．A standard bike which weighs about one kilogram. 【答案】14．B 15．C 16．C 17．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了一种可以净化空气污染的自行车车轮。 14．细节理解题。根据“has invented a bike wheel that she says can help clean pollution from the air. It’s called Rolloe.”可知它是Kristen Tapping发明的一种可以帮助净化空气污染的自行车车轮。故选B。 15．细节理解题。根据“users would need to change the filter every week, or after about 250 kilometers, to make sure the wheel continues to work well”可知更换过滤器的目的是确保车轮继续正常工作。故选C。 16．细节理解题。根据“with the aim of making the wheels available for all bikes to use. She says she would also like to create a wheel that would fit in the back of a bike, as well as making them available in different sizes”可知她想为各种自行车提供轮子。故选C。 17．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一种可以净化空气污染的自行车车轮。故选A。 （2023·山东济南·中考真题） A garden is much more than just creating a beautiful environment. It can be a way to save or even make money and, more than that, it can be a place where you can express yourself. For me, it’s a bit of all these things. I know it may sound strange for a 13-year-old girl to be interested in gardening, but I have always been and I would love to make a career (职业) out of it. I have learned many things these past few years. I have been reading about and doing some gardening. So, here is my top advice about gardening. First, you do not need to spend a lot of money to have a beautiful garden. Some of the gardens that I think are the prettiest are just lines of plants. There aren’t many garden decorations (装饰) and pathways. It’s just beautiful plants with fruits and vegetables. We can also find many useful things for free, from pieces of old wood to old pots and pans. Or, we can build things for free from materials that other people have thrown away. If you just remember that planting what is more than you need will take the stress away of losing some plants, you will save yourself a lot of worry, too. Besides, you need to ask yourself which plants produce enough food to make them worth growing. I actually sat down and did the maths on that one this spring. It amazed me what some plants were worth. A tomato, for example, can produce £50-£150 worth of fruit. It takes up a lot of space but that’s a lot of money coming out of a 50-pence seed (种子)! So if I had known earlier what each plant could save us, I would have told my parents to fill our garden with different plants. And finally, gardening doesn’t have to be all or nothing. But then I guess that’s more of a personality weakness than anything. I struggle with doing things a little at a time. Once I decide to do something, I usually devote every waking hour to it for a little while and then get tired. So it’s okay to just have one tomato plant, and it’s okay to have an off year. It will save you a lot of stress. 18．What does the writer want to tell us about gardening in paragraph 1? A．The gardeners can make much money. B．It’s just about creating a beautiful place. C．The most important is to express yourself. D．It means different things to different people. 19．How would the writer describe her favorite garden? A．Simple. B．Expensive. C．Magic. D．Creative. 20．What advice does the writer give us about gardening? A．Use what we can find around us. B．Try to make a career out of it. C．Ask other gardeners to give help. D．Spend as much time as we can. 21．What can we learn about the writer’s gardening experience? A．She wants to grow everything. B．She did everything right. C．She has a lot of fun in doing it. D．She needs to work harder. 22．What does the underlined word “devote” mean in the last paragraph? A．Waste. B．Spend. C．Change. D．Count. 【答案】18．D 19．A 20．A 21．C 22．B 【导语】本文介绍了作者对园艺的看法，作者也对园艺提供了一些建议。 18．推理判断题。根据“For me, it’s a bit of all these things. I know it may sound strange for a 13-year-old girl to be interested in gardening, but I have always been and I would love to make a career (职业) out of it.”可知，园艺对作者来说，有着重要的意义。故可推知，作者在第一段告诉我们园艺对不同的人意味着不同的东西。故选D。 19．推理判断题。根据“Some of the gardens that I think are the prettiest are just lines of plants. There aren’t many garden decorations (装饰) and pathways. It’s just beautiful plants with fruits and vegetables.”可推知，作者描述的最喜欢的花园是简单的。故选A。 20．推理判断题。根据“We can also find many useful things for free, from pieces of old wood to old pots and pans. Or, we can build things for free from materials that other people have thrown away.”可推知，作者建议利用周围能找到的东西。故选A。 21．推理判断题。根据“I know it may sound strange for a 13-year-old girl to be interested in gardening, but I have always been and I would love to make a career (职业) out of it.”以及“It will save you a lot of stress.”可推知，她做这件事很开心。故选C。 22．词句猜测题。根据“Once I decide to do something, I usually devote every waking hour to it for a little while and then get tired.”可知，一旦作者决定做某件事，通常会很投入，然后就会感到疲倦。因此“devote”与“Spend”语义相近。故选B。 （2023·山东济南·中考真题） Warming temperatures and shorter winters might sound like the end of snow days. However, rising temperatures may actually cause snowstorms to dump more snow, says David Robinson. He is a professor at a university in New Jersey. He studies climate (气候) change. Temperature change is one of the greatest in Earth’s climate change over a long period of time. It can happen naturally or because of human activities, such as burning gas and coal. Burning these fuels produces carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) and other pollutants into the atmosphere, which hold heat in the atmosphere, leading to warmer global temperatures over time. But how could warmer temperatures lead to more snow? To get snow, you need moisture (水汽) and freezing temperatures (0℃ or less), says Robinson. Without moisture in the air, there is no precipitation (rain or snow). Robinson says there are signs that snowstorms are becoming stronger. This is because of this connection between moisture and precipitation. “The warmer the air becomes, the more moisture it holds. So, if it’s warming and still cold enough to snow, you can get more snow,” Robinson says. Of the 10 biggest snowfalls in D．C． region, five happened in the past 25 years, according to the NWS. During that same time period, average winter temperatures in D．C． increased. In 1996, the average winter temperature was 1.8℃. In 2020, it was 6℃. Weather experts suggest that rising temperatures may make winter shorter and less cold. But for now, the snow is still falling. One day, winter might not have any days below the freezing temperature. Once temperatures stay above freezing, snowstorms become rain. Until then, we might continue to see strong storms. According to Robinson, that time could come sooner than we think. He says, “When we look back, years from now, we may see that this was the breaking point.” 23．What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A．How Earth’s climate changes. B．What causes rising temperatures. C．What produces carbon dioxide. D．How pollution influences climate. 24．What will the warming temperatures cause according to the text? A．Less coal. B．Drier weather. C．Longer winters. D．Stronger snowstorms. 25．What is the purpose of paragraph 5? A．To introduce D．C． B．To report the biggest 10 snowstorms. C．To support Robinson’s ideas. D．To show the increase of temperatures. 26．What does Robinson think of the future warming temperatures? A．Impossible. B．Serious. C．Meaningless. D．Amazing. 27．Where is the text probably taken from? A．A science magazine. B．A story book. C．A science fiction. D．A travel guide. 【答案】23．B 24．D 25．C 26．B 27．A 【导语】本文主要讲了温度上升与更多的暴风雪是否有关系的问题。 23．主旨大意题。根据“Burning these fuels produces carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) and other pollutants into the atmosphere, which hold heat in the atmosphere, leading to warmer global temperatures over time.”可知，第二段主要介绍了导致气温上升的原因。故选B。 24．推理判断题。根据“Robinson says there are signs that snowstorms are becoming stronger. This is because of this connection between moisture and precipitation.”可知，变暖的温度会导致更强的暴风雪。故选D。 25．推理判断题。根据“Of the 10 biggest snowfalls in D. C. region, five happened in the past 25 years, …average winter temperatures in D. C. increased. In 1996, the average winter temperature was 1.8℃. In 2020, it was 6℃.”可推知，作者在第五段通过陈述华盛顿地区的事实，进一步印证了Robinson的观点。故选C。 26．推理判断题。根据“One day, winter might not have any days below the freezing temperature.”以及“According to Robinson, that time could come sooner than we think.”可推知，Robinson认为未来全球变暖，气温升高会很严重。故选B。 27．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲了温度上升与更多的暴风雪是否有关系的问题。故可推知，文章可能来源于一本科学杂志。故选A。 （2023·山东东营·中考真题） Hawaii Volcanoes National Park is a wonderful place to visit. Every year, over one million people visit Hawai Volcanoes National Park. There are two of the world’s most amazing volcanoes (火山) in it. One is among the most active volcanoes on the earth, the other is one of the biggest mountains on the earth. Both of them are active volcanoes. Every day, on the island of Hawali, lava (熔岩) comes out slowly from a volcano on the edge (边缘) of the ocean. When the lava cools, it turns into rock and makes this island a little bigger. Visitors can see the land change before their eyes. There are many interesting things to do in the park. It has lava tubes (隧道) that go to the sea. They are so big that visitors can walk through them. You can drive along a volcano or walk more than 150 miles (241 km) of trails (路径). Biking along the volcano’s paths and camping in the rainforest are also good choices. Hawaii Volcanoes National Park is home to wildlife. There are hundreds of protected animals, such as turtles, bats, insects, and many kinds of birds. The park also has many protected plants and trees. Almost all of its plants are found only in Hawail. Many plants have lived in and around the volcanoes for years. Enjoy — but watch your step! It’s almost impossible to know when a volcano will erupt (喷发). However, when the volcanoes possibly erupt, parts of the park close. This special park is never quiet for long. 28．In the park, visitors can ________. ①drive through lava tubes        ②walk more than 150 miles of trails ③bike along the volcano’s paths    ④camp in the rainforest A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②④ D．①③④ 29．Which statement is NOT right? A．Visitors can show lava makes the island bigger. B．There are many protected animals in the park. C．Almost all of the plants in the park only grow in Hawaii. D．The whole park will be closed if the volcanoes erupt. 30．What does the underlined sentence mean? A．The visitors are noisy. B．Animals are everywhere. C．The volcanoes often erupt. D．Too many cars are in the park. 31．The author wrote the passage mainly to ________. A．tell people the volcanoes in Hawaii Volcanoes National Park B．introduce what people can do in Hawaii Volcanoes National Park C．tell people the wildlife of Hawaii Volcanoes National Park D．give an introduction to Hawaii Volcanoes National Park 32．The passage is probably from ________. A．a novel B．a magazine C．a storybook D．an advertisement (广告) 【答案】28．B 29．D 30．C 31．D 32．B 【导语】本文主要向大家介绍了夏威夷火山国家公园。 28．细节理解题。根据“They are so big that visitors can walk through them. You can drive along a volcano or walk more than 150 miles (241 km) of trails. Biking along the volcano’s paths and camping in the rainforest are also good choices.”可知游客能够走150多英里的小路，沿着火山的小径骑自行车，也可以在雨林露营。故选B。 29．细节理解题。根据“However, when the volcanoes possibly erupt, parts of the park close.”可知如果火山爆发，公园会关闭一部分，并非整个公园都要关闭。故选D。 30．句意猜测题。根据“It’s almost impossible to know when a volcano will erupt. ... This special park is never quiet for long.”可知字面意思是“这个特别的公园从来不会安静太久”，结合上文讲到不可能知道火山爆发的时间，由此推出含义是火山经常喷发。故选C。 31．主旨大意题。通读全文可知本文主要向大家介绍了夏威夷火山国家公园，这也是作者写这篇文章的目的。故选D。 32．推理判断题。本文主要向大家介绍了夏威夷火山国家公园，可能出现在一本杂志上。故选B。 （2023·山东聊城·中考真题） Albatross (信天翁) is not a kind of bird. It is a collection of bird families. Some of them have short tails, some have black feet and some others have large bodies and wings. There are at least 12 different kinds of albatrosses, and the largest kind has 1.5-metre-long wings. Like other sea birds, albatrosses drink seawater. They mainly live on squids (鱿鱼) and fish, and they sometimes follow ships to eat rubbish. Besides, they may also dive (俯冲) into water to catch their “seafood”. One kind of albatross can dive as deep as 12.5 metres. Albatrosses spend most of their lives flying and can reach faraway places. They are also able to stay in air in windy weather for hours. Some large albatrosses have trouble keeping in air when there is no wind, and then they would rest on the water. Most albatrosses live in the Antarctic and the North Pacific, and you can find them in Shandong, Taiwan and other seaside provinces of China. They give birth to babies by laying eggs. The mother albatross lays one egg every two years. The egg is taken care of by the parents in turn. Albatrosses are popular sea birds but their population is small. They are the first class protected birds in China. We should try our best to protect them. 33．From Paragraph l we know that ________. A．albatross is a kind of bird B．all albatrosses have black feet C．there are many kinds of albatrosses D．the wings of all albatrosses are 1.5 metres long 34．What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us about albatrosses? A．Their food and drink. B．Their habit of eating rubbish. C．Their ability to catch their “seafood”. D．Their skills of following ships. 35．Albatrosses ________ for most of their lives. A．swim in the sea B．fly in the air C．stay on the seaside rocks D．rest on the water 36．The mother albatross can do all the following things EXCEPT ________. A．dive into water B．reach faraway places C．stay in air in windy weather D．give birth to one baby every year 37．Which of the following is NOT true? A．There are a lot of albatrosses in China. B．Some albatrosses can dive 12.5 metres. C．Both the parents take care of their egg in turn. D．Albatrosses can probably be found in Fujian Province. 【答案】33．C 34．A 35．B 36．D 37．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍信天翁的相关信息。 33．细节理解题。根据“There are at least 12 different kinds of albatrosses”可知，信天翁至少有12种不同的种类，故选C。 34．段落大意题。分析第二段内容可知，主要介绍了信天翁的饮食，故选A。 35．细节理解题。根据“Albatrosses spend most of their lives flying and can reach faraway places.”可知，信天翁一生中大部分时间都在飞行，可以飞到很远的地方。故选B。 36．细节理解题。根据“The mother albatross lays one egg every two years.”可知，信天翁妈妈每两年产一枚蛋，而不是每年产蛋，故选D。 37．细节理解题。根据“Most albatrosses live in the Antarctic and the North Pacific, and you can find them in Shandong, Taiwan and other seaside provinces of China. ”和“Albatrosses are popular sea birds but their population is small.”可知，在中国有一些信天翁，但是很少。故选A。 （2023·山东聊城·中考真题） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容判断其后面所给句子的对错。并在答题卡上将所选的对应选项涂黑。选Right涂A，选Wrong涂B。 We all know that people have much more stress (压力) than before. Luckily, a new study has found an easy way to solve the problem. According to the researchers of the study, small green plants on the desk can greatly reduce people’s stress. 60 people from different jobs took part in the study. Half of them worked without any plants, while the other half worked with plants on their desks. Then a standard test was used to find out their stress levels. More than 90% of the office workers showed a lower stress level after taking only a three-minute rest to look at their plants. The study has also found that it does not matter whether people looked at their plants or only had the plants near their computers. Only if people could see green plants for about a week in their working places, their stress levels changed greatly. This finding worked for everyone no matter how old they were and what their jobs were. “People used to go out of their houses and enjoy themselves in nature, but now they have less time to do so,” one of the researchers said, “Lucky for them, our study has found out that a small green plant is as useful as a large forest.” 38．A study has found a way to reduce people’s stress. A．Right B．Wrong. 39．30 people worked without any plants in the study. A．Right. B．Wrong 40．The test showed that all the office workers had a lower stress level. A．Right. B．Wrong. 41．The finding of the study worked for all the people. A．Right. B．Wrong 42．The study shows that a green plant is more useful than a forest. A．Right. B．Wrong. 【答案】38．A 39．A 40．B 41．A 42．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述桌上的绿色小植物可以大大减少人的压力。 38．细节理解题。根据“Luckily, a new study has found an easy way to solve the problem. According to the researchers of the study, small green plants on the desk can greatly reduce people’s stress.”可知，幸运的是，一项新的研究发现了一个简单的方法来解决这个问题。根据研究人员的说法，桌上的小绿色植物可以大大减轻人们的压力。故选A。 39．细节理解题。根据“60 people from different jobs took part in the study. Half of them worked without any plants, while the other half worked with plants on their desks.”可知，来自不同行业的60人参加了这项研究。其中一半的人在没有植物的情况下工作，而另一半的人在桌子上有植物。故选A。 40．细节理解题。根据“More than 90% of the office workers showed a lower stress level after taking only a three-minute rest to look at their plants.”可知，超过90%的上班族在休息三分钟看看他们的植物后，压力水平有所降低。并不是所有上班族的压力水平都较低。故选B。 41．细节理解题。根据“This finding worked for everyone no matter how old they were and what their jobs were.”可知，这一发现适用于所有人，无论他们年龄多大，从事什么工作。故选A。 42．细节理解题。根据“Lucky for them, our study has found out that a small green plant is as useful as a large forest.”可知，我们的研究发现，一棵小小的绿色植物和一片大森林一样有用。而不是说绿色植物比森林更有用。故选B。 （2023·山东潍坊·中考真题） Developed by US company OpenAI, ChatGPT has taken the internet by storm, winning 100 million users since it came out in November 2022. People can ask the robot to write stories and emails, create instructions for cooking a certain food, translate languages, and answer all kinds of questions. In its own words, it is “a language model trained in a large amount of internet text to help users get human-like text.” Compared with Siri or other chatbots, ChatGPT uses a much bigger information center for training. It also uses stronger software (软件) and hardware to learn things by itself. For example, if it provides a wrong answer to your question, you can tell it the right one and it will correct itself. “It’s a totally different chatbot,” computer scientist Liu Xiaoguang from Nankai University told Tianjin Daily. “The knowledge level ChatGPT shows is the same as a university student. That’s why it shocked the world.” But one big problem with ChatGPT is that it makes mistakes or even gives false information. When Rezza, a 28-year-old from Indonesia, used the robot to write an essay (论文), it “gave out many examples which other writers actually hadn’t mentioned at all”, he told The Guardian. Since the robot is trained using words from the internet, it can also pick up biases (偏见) about certain groups. These are all things that need to be dealt with. 43．Which can replace the underlined part in Paragraph 1? A．Succeeded greatly online. B．Done harm to the internet. C．Brought strong wind and heavy rain. D．Caused serious changes of the weather. 44．Why did ChatGPT shock the world? A．It can find mistakes by itself. B．It works differently from other chatbots. C．Its information center is easier to control than Siri’s. D．Its knowledge level is as high as a university student. 45．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．Anybody can make mistakes. B．Anybody may give false information. C．ChatGPT needs improvement. D．ChatGPT can’t get on well with humans. 46．What might be the best title of the text? A．ChatGPT is Coming! B．ChatGPT is Catching the World’s Eyes! C．Can ChatGPT Take the Place of Humans? D．Can ChatGPT Avoid Biases Properly? 【答案】43．A 44．D 45．C 46．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了聊天机器人ChatGPT的功能及其存在的问题。 43．句意猜测题。根据“taken the internet by storm, winning 100 million users since it came out in November 2022.”可知，ChatGPT自2022年11月推出以来，已经席卷了互联网，赢得了1亿用户，也就是说在网络上获得了巨大的成功，故选A。 44．细节理解题。根据“The knowledge level ChatGPT shows is the same as a university student. That’s why it shocked the world”可知，ChatGPT显示的知识水平与大学生相同，这就是它震惊世界的原因，故选D。 45．细节理解题。根据“But one big problem with ChatGPT is that it makes mistakes or even gives false information.... These are all things that need to be dealt with.”可知，ChatGPT还存在一个大问题需要去解决，也就是说还需要完善，故选C。 46．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了聊天机器人ChatGPT自推出以来，已经席卷了互联网，赢得了1亿用户，还介绍了它的功能和存在的问题。B项“ChatGPT正在吸引全世界的目光”最符合文意，故选B。 （2023·山东日照·中考真题） ChatGPT, a new chatbot model! Developed by Open AI, has quickly become a hit all over the world because of its powerful conversational abilities. It can write emails, computer codes （代码）, songs, poems, and even short stories, and has passed a number of tests within seconds. Experts around the world are discussing whether AI should be used in education. Some schools have banned（禁止）it. The New York City’s Department of Education, for example, banned ChatGPT from its public school networks, and some people are warning that it could encourage more students to cheat, especially in exams. Many more welcome this app, saying that, like most technologies in history, ChatGPT is a powerful tool for the development of education. Accepting AI as early as possible is a good choice. Schools should make preparations for including AI in their teaching plans. They can start by offering AI courses, because by understanding how it works, they can make better use of it. Besides, students with good knowledge of AI are more competitive when it comes to getting a job, as an increasing number of jobs are being done by computer programs. AI powered education technologies can be used to make the learning experience more suitable for each student. As for teachers, AI can free them from doing some boring work so they can focus on their teaching. Since we cannot avoid ChatGPT and other AI powered apps from entering the field of education, we should make efforts to make sure they have a positive impact（积极影响）on society and the future of education. AI helps to make learning much more interesting and enjoyable, but humans need to work very hard to win the race with technology. 47．Why is ChatGPT banned in some schools? A．It can offer help quickly. B．Students may chat on it. C．It can pass a test in seconds. D．Students may cheat in exams. 48．In what way can AI help students? A．It offers students a number of jobs. B．It suits students’ personal learning. C．It frees students from boring work. D．It allows students to focus on learning. 49．What is the writer’s attitude（态度）towards ChatGPT? A．Supportive. B．Doubtful. C．Uncertain. D．Fearful. 50．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．AI apps still have a long way to go. B．Humans will be left behind by technology. C．The future of education depends on AI apps. D．AI must be made good use of in education. 【答案】47．D 48．B 49．A 50．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了ChatGPT这种新型聊天机器人。 47．细节理解题。根据“Some schools have banned（禁止）it The New York City’s Department of Education, for example, banned ChatGPT from its public school networks, and some people are warning that it could encourage more students to cheat, especially in exams.”可知是因为学生可能在考试中作弊。故选D。 48．细节理解题。根据“AI powered education technologies can be used to make the learning experience more suitable for each student.”可知人工智能可以帮助适合学生的个人学习。故选B。 49．观点态度题。根据“Since we cannot avoid ChatGPT and other AI powered apps from entering the field of education, we should make efforts to make sure they have a positive impact（积极影响）on society and the future of education. AI helps to make learning much more interesting and enjoyable, but humans need to work very hard to win the race with technology.”（既然我们无法避免ChatGPT和其他人工智能应用进入教育领域，我们应该努力确保它们对社会和教育的未来产生积极的影响。人工智能有助于使学习变得更加有趣和愉快，但人类需要非常努力地工作才能赢得与技术的竞争。）可知作者持支持态度，故选A。 50．推理判断题。根据“Since we cannot avoid ChatGPT and other AI powered apps from entering the field of education, we should make efforts to make sure they have a positive impact（积极影响）on society and the future of education.”（既然我们无法避免ChatGPT和其他人工智能应用进入教育领域，我们应该努力确保它们对社会和教育的未来产生积极的影响。）可知人工智能必须在教育中得到很好的利用。故选D。 （2023·山东日照·中考真题） A hungry fly speeds through a forest. It smells nectar（花蜜）and lands on a green leaf. It starts to drink the sweet liquid（液体）. Suddenly, the fly’s world turns green. The two sides of the leaf close against each other. Long green teeth lock together around it. The fly has been caught by Venus flytrap. There is no way to run away alive. The Venus flytrap is perhaps the most famous killer plant. However, scientists have only recently started to understand how it hunts（猎取）and eats. After years of study, plant scientist Alexander Volkov believes he now knows the Venus flytrap’s secret. “This,” says Volkov, “is an electrical plant.” There are three small hairs along each of the Venus flytrap’s two leaves. When an insect touches a hair, it creates an electrical signal （信号） in the leaf. The insect can continue feeding—for now. But if it touches another hair within 20 seconds, the leaf traps suddenly shut. This allows the plant to tell the difference between a drop of water, for example, and a moving insect. Once trapped, an insect has little chance of staying alive. Instead of nectar, the Venus flytrap now releases（释放）a different liquid—one that slowly eats away at the insect. Ten days later, almost nothing is left. The plant’s leaves open again, and the Venus flytrap is ready for its next meal. 51．What does “the fly’s world turns green” really mean? A．The fly lands on a green leaf. B．The fly speeds into the forest. C．The fly drinks the green nectar. D．The fly is trapped by the leaf. 52．What makes the leaf close? A．The drop of water. B．The smell of the insect. C．The touches on the hairs. D．The hunger of the plant. 53．Which of the following is true about the Venus flytrap? A．It uses electrical signals. B．Its trap closes very slowly. C．It makes three kinds of liquid. D．It eats with its long teeth. 54．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Wonderful electricity. B．Powerful hairs. C．A famous killer plant. D．The death of an insect. 【答案】51．D 52．C 53．A 54．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了捕蝇草这种著名的杀手植物。 51．词句猜测题。根据“It smells nectar（花蜜）and lands on a green leaf. It starts to drink the sweet liquid（液体）. Suddenly, the fly’s world turns green. The two sides of the leaf close against each other. ”可知叶子的两面紧贴在一起，苍蝇被这个植物给捕获了，故选D。 52．细节理解题。根据“There are three small hairs along each of the Venus flytrap’s two leaves. When an insect touches a hair, it creates an electrical signal （信号） in the leaf. The insect can continue feeding-for now. But if it touches another hair within 20 seconds, the leaf traps suddenly shut.”（捕蝇草的两片叶子上各有三根细毛。当昆虫接触到一根毛发时，它会在叶子中产生一个电信号。昆虫可以继续进食——暂时如此。但如果它在20秒内碰到另一根毛发，叶子陷阱就会突然关闭。）可知是毛发上的触动让叶片关闭的，故选C。 53．细节理解题。根据“It starts to drink the sweet liquid（液体）. Suddenly, the fly’s world turns green. The two sides of the leaf close against each other.”可知捕蝇草的陷阱关闭得很快；根据文章介绍可知捕蝇草先制造花蜜，然后制造吞噬昆虫的液体，一共两种液体；根据文章和常识可知，捕蝇草是用分泌的液体来消化昆虫，不是长牙齿。根据“When an insect touches a hair, it creates an electrical signal （信号） in the leaf”可知捕蝇草会使用电子信号。故选A。 54．最佳标题题。根据全文可知，本文主要介绍了捕蝇草这种著名的杀手植物。故选C。 （2023·山东日照·中考真题） When you are tired of buildings, you can visit one of London’s many beautiful parks. Hyde Park first opened to the people of London in the seventeenth century. It is not far from the shops of busy Oxford Street, but it is nice and quiet. In the center is the lake called the Serpentine, and you can take a boat out on the water. There are usually a lot of people at Speakers’ Corner. Some people come here because they want to tell the world important or interesting things—about the government, or science, or the church, or “the end of the world”. They stand at the Corner, and call out to all the people around them. Other people stand and listen, and sometimes laugh too. Kensington Gardens is next to Hyde Park. Here you can see a statue（雕像） of Peter Pan, the famous boy in the book Peter Pan by J. M. Baie. There is also a playground here, called the Diana, Princess of Wales Memorial Playground. And the playground has lots of exciting things for children. Regent’s Park is the home of London zoo. The zoo opened in 1828, and it has animals and birds from all over the world. There is also a theatre in the park. On a summer’s evening, you can sit out and watch a play by Shakespeare. Or you can see the park from the water—take a boat along the canal（运河） from Camden Lock to Little Venice. In the summer, you can listen to music in the park. St James’s Park is next to the Mall. It is a small park, but very beautiful, and it is the oldest of the royal（皇家）parks. Lots of birds live on and around the lake in the centre of the park. 55．Where can you listen to an interesting speech? A．In Hyde Park. B．In Regent’s Park. C．In St James’s Park. D．In Kensington Gardens. 56．What can you do in Regent’s Park? A．See a statue of Peter Pan. B．Enjoy plays or music. C．Go boating on the lake. D．Watch birds on the playground. 57．What do we know about St James’s Park? A．It’s a very old royal park. B．It’s far away from the Mall. C．It was built in the 17th century. D．It has a lake called the Serpentine. 【答案】55．A 56．B 57．A 【导语】本文主要介绍伦敦众多美丽的公园。 55．细节理解题。根据“Hyde Park first opened to the people of London in the seventeenth century...There are usually a lot of people at Speakers’ Corner.”可知在海德公园可以听一场有趣的演说，故选A。 56．细节理解题。根据“There is also a theatre in the park. On a summer’s evening, you can sit out and watch a play by Shakespeare...In the summer, you can listen to music in the park.”可知在摄政公园你可以欣赏戏剧或音乐。故选B。 57．细节理解题。根据“St James’s Park is next to the Mall. It is a small park, but very beautiful, and it is the oldest of the royal（皇家）parks.”可知圣詹姆斯公园是一个非常古老的皇家公园。故选A。 （2023·山东临沂·中考真题） If you’ve ever seen elephant seals(象海豹) lying on a beach, you might think that they’re always sleeping. But in fact, they spend about seven months of the year in the ocean. So how do they sleep while they’re in the ocean? Even though elephant seals are large animals, they have to be careful in the ocean. Near the surface, some dangerous animals like sharks might attack(攻击) them. So elephant seals spend most of their time diving(下潜) deep underwater, looking for food. To find out how they sleep in the deep, a scientist named Jessica Kendall-Bar created a special cap. She and her team put the caps on thirteen female young elephant seals. The caps recorded the elephant seals brain activities. They also collected information on the elephant seals’ heart rates(心率), how their bodies were moving, and how deep they were. The scientists learned that elephant seals sometimes sleep for a short time while they are diving. They only sleep for about 10 minutes at a time. As they begin to sleep, the elephant seals can control their bodies. But when they are deeply asleep, they simply begin to fall, spinning(快速旋转) in a circle “like a falling leaf”. The elephant seals wake up in time to go up for more air. In shallower(较浅的) areas, the elephant seals sometimes wake upon the seafloor. Using the information they collected from the cap-wearing elephant seals, the scientists created a computer program to study older records of elephant seal trips. The scientists found that elephant seals only sleep for about two hours a day when they’re in the ocean. That means that the rest on land is very important for them. Back on land, they sleep for about 10.8 hours a day. The scientists hope that their work will help to protect the places where elephant seals sleep when they’re on land. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 58．The writer starts the passage by _______. A．asking a question B．giving an example C．comparing two places 59．What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us? A．How elephant seals sleep in the ocean. B．Why elephant seals dive deep underwater. C．How elephant seals dive deep underwater. 60．The special caps are used to _______. A．help the elephant seals to dive more deeply B．keep the elephant seals away from being attacked by sharks C．collect the information about the elephant seals when they are in the ocean 61．The rest on land is very important for elephant seals because _______. A．they can get more air on land B．they only sleep for about ten minutes every day C．they only sleep for about two hours a day when they’re in the ocean 【答案】58．A 59．B 60．C 61．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了象海豹在海里时是如何睡觉的。 58．推理判断题。根据“So how do they sleep while they’re in the ocean?”（那么它们在海里是怎么睡觉的呢？）可知，作者以一个问题开始这篇文章。故选A。 59．段落大意题。根据“Near the surface, some dangerous animals like sharks might attack(攻击) them. So elephant seals spend most of their time diving(下潜) deep underwater, looking for food.”（在水面附近，一些像鲨鱼这样的危险动物可能会攻击它们。因此，象海豹大部分时间都在水下深处潜水寻找食物。）可知，第二段主要讲述了为什么象海豹会潜入深海，故选B。 60．细节理解题。根据“The caps recorded the elephant seals brain activities. They also collected information on the elephant seals’ heart rates(心率), how their bodies were moving, and how deep they were.”可知，这种特殊的帽子是用来收集象海豹在海洋中的信息的。故选C。 61．细节理解题。根据“The scientists found that elephant seals only sleep for about two hours a day when they’re in the ocean. That means that the rest on land is very important for them. Back on land, they sleep for about 10.8 hours a day.”可知，陆地上的休息对象海豹来说非常重要，因为它们在海洋里一天只睡两个小时左右。故选C。 （2023·山东临沂·中考真题） Shanghai's First “Forest Library” On February 20th, 2023, the first “forest library” in Shanghai opened to the public. It’s known as Read & Joy Forest. Now readers can relax and read in a natural environment. The “forest library” was started by Pudong New Area and Shanghai Library. It is in a green space area near Shanghai Library East, which opened in September, 2022. With an area of 20, 546 square meters, it allows visitors to take an enjoyable walk in the quiet forest. The library is in the open air. It is designed to keep the forest as it is. To protect the forest, all the green spaces are connected$$