专题03 阅读理解之说明文（山东专用）-【好题汇编】2024年中考英语真题分类汇编（山东专用）

专题03 阅读理解之说明文 01（2024·山东威海·中考真题） Pi is a special number that goes on forever. The symbol for this special number is a Greek letter “π”. To keep the math simple, we say π is 3.14. Pi is used to find the size of circles. Pi is always the same no matter how small or big the circle is. Because it is so special, someone thought of celebrating it. Since pi is 3.14, a physicist named Larry Shaw decided March 14th would be the perfect day. So on this day in 1988, he invited his friends to walk around in a circle and eat pies. Later, more math and science lovers celebrated Pi Day on March 14th each year. On November 26th, 2019, Pi Day was recognized (正式认定) as the International Day of Mathematics. Pi Day is celebrated in different ways. There are games in which people try to memorize as many decimal places (小数点后位数) as they can. There are pie-eating contests. Then, at 3:14 p. m., there are special events. For example, people get free pies at some parties. Today, Pi is not just a number. 1．What is pi in this passage? A．A circle. B．A pie. C．A number. 2．What is pi used for? A．Keeping the circles small. B．Finding the size of circles. C．Helping memorize the number. 3．When was Pi first celebrated? A．On March 14th, 1988. B．On March 14th, 2019. C．On November 26th, 2019. 4．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 3? A．How people memorize pi. B．How people get free pies. C．How people celebrate Pi Day. 5．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．A special festival. B．A math symbol. C．Pi and Pi Day. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了圆周率和圆周率日。 1．细节理解题。根据“Pi is a special number”可知pi是一个特别的数字。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“we say π is 3.14. Pi is used to find the size of circles”可知pi被用来计算圆的大小。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“a physicist named Larry Shaw decided March 14th would be the perfect day. So on this day in 1988, he invited his friends to walk around in a circle and eat pies”可知在1988年3月14日第一次庆祝圆周率。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。根据“Pi Day is celebrated in different ways”可知本段主要介绍了圆周率日的庆祝活动。故选C。 5．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了圆周率和圆周率日。故选C。 02（2024·山东威海·中考真题） Ancient China amazed the world with its wisdom. Some of its inventions continue to influence us today. Four Chinese irrigation sites (灌溉点) were added to the 2018 list of World Heritage Irrigation Structures (世界灌溉工程遗产). Let’s take a look at these amazing sites. Dujiangyan Dujiangyan is a wonder in the world history of irrigation structures. More than 2, 000 years ago, Chengdu was in danger because of flood from the Minjiang River. Li Bing, a local official, designed the Dujiangyan irrigation system, which could control the water run from the mountains to the Chengdu Plain all year round. Changqu Canal Changqu Canal, also known as Baiqi Canal, is in the city of Xiangyang in Hubei province. It is 48 km long in total and it was first used to transport soldiers. It was later used for irrigation—in fact, it is still used to provide water to more than 30, 000 mu (20 square km) of farmland. Lingqu Canal Located in Xing’an county, Guangxi Province, Lingqu Canal was built 2, 000 years ago. It is the oldest canal in the world. It was built to transport things for the army. “It magically lowers the pressure of transportation along the north and south waterways,” according to the Travel China Guide. It also turned Xing’ an into an agriculturally (农业) developed area. Jiang- Xi Dam The Jiang- Xi Dam in Zhejiang province in fact includes two dams— the Jiang and Xi dams. Built in the 14th century, it improved life for local people for centuries. It not only plays an important role in irrigation, but also is good for environmental protection. 6．Which was built to fight against water? A．Dujiangyan. B．Changqu Canal. C．Lingqu Canal. 7．Which is true about Changqu Canal? A．It is also called Baiqi Canal.B．It is still important for the army. C．It was first built for the farmland. 8．What can we know about Lingqu Canal? A．Why and how it was built. B．When and why it was built. C．When and how it was built. 9．Which of the following is the youngest irrigation system? A．Dujiangyan. B．Lingqu Canal. C．Jiang- Xi Dam. 10．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To give advice on controlling the water. B．To show ancient Chinese wisdom to the world. C．To introduce the long and rich Chinese history. 【答案】6．A 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了四个古代中国的灌溉工程。 6．细节理解题。根据“Li Bing, a local official, designed the Dujiangyan irrigation system, which could control the water run from the mountains to the Chengdu Plain all year round.”可知，都江堰灌溉系统可以全年控制从山区流向成都平原的水。故选A。 7．细节理解题。根据“Changqu Canal, also known as Baiqi Canal, is in the city of Xiangyang in Hubei province.”可知，长渠，又称白旗渠，位于湖北省襄阳。故选A。 8．细节理解题。根据“Located in Xing’an county, Guangxi Province, Lingqu Canal was built 2, 000 years ago. It is the oldest canal in the world. It was bulit to transport things for the army.”可知，讲述了灵渠建立的时间以及原因，故选B。 9．细节理解题。根据“Built in the 14th century”可知，江溪大坝是四个灌溉系统中最年轻的，故选C。 10．推理判断题。文章介绍了四个古代中国的灌溉工程，展示了古代中国的智慧，故选B。 03（2024·山东威海·中考真题） ①Almost everybody has had pimples (青春痘). It is a normal part of growing up. When kids reach teens, their bodies experience many changes. During this period, most teenagers often develop pimples. Also, many people continue to have pimples after teens. What can a teenager or an adult do to deal with pimples? Unluckily, many ways are really just myths. ②Many people believe that popping (挤) pimples is the best way. Popping a pimple will cause more redness and pain, or even probably turn into an illness. For that reason, doctors normally encourage people not to pop their pimples. ③Also, do you think that washing your face often will be helpful? Of course, it is a good idea, but washing your face too much could make the skin painful, making the pimples even worse. ④Another widely believed myth is that not wearing make-up (化妆) can help lower the chance of developing pimples. In fact, some kinds of make-up actually have special medicine in them to fight pimples. As a result, not all of them are bad for you. ⑤Along with make-up, people believe that eating fatty foods or chocolate can cause pimples. The truth is that eating a candy or a piece of pizza will not cause pimples. Even so, both teenagers and adults should still try to eat foods that are good for their bodies and their skin. ⑥Another myth is that stress can cause pimples. Stress comes in many forms, like a big exam at school or problems with friends. While it is true that stress can cause a person’s skin to create extra oil, this extra oil does not necessarily cause more pimples. 11．What’s the doctors’ advice on pop ping pimples? A．People should do it. B．You’d better not do it. C．It’s the best way to do it. 12．According to Paragraphs 3—6, what might cause pimples? A．Washing face. B．Eating a candy. C．Extra oil created on the skin. 13．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “myths”? A．Proper ways. B．Wrong thoughts. C．Normal problems. 14．Who can get help most from the passage? A．People who have trouble with pimples. B．Adults who have unhealthy eating habits. C．Students who have much stress on exams. 15．What’s the structure of this passage? A． B． C． 【答案】11．B 12．C 13．B 14．A 15．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了青春痘的一些相关事实。 11．细节理解题。根据“For that reason, doctors normally encourage people not to pop their pimples.”可知，医生通常建议人们不要挤青春痘，故选B。 12．细节理解题。根据“Another myth is that stress can cause pimples.”和“While it is true that stress can cause a person’s skin to create extra oil, this extra oil does not necessarily cause more pimples.”可知，压力会导致皮肤产生额外的油脂，而这些油脂可能会导致青春痘，故选C。 13．词句猜测题。根据“Unluckily, many ways are really just myths.”和“Also, many people continue to have pimples after teens. What can a teenager or an adult do to deal with pimples?”可知，第一段讲述了人们对青春痘的普遍看法和做法，结合“Unluckily,”，因此上文提到的看法和做法可能是错误的观点，“myths”意为“Wrong thoughts.”，故选B。 14．推理判断题。文章主要讨论了青春痘的成因和误区，因此对有青春痘困扰的人帮助最大，故选A。 15．篇章结构题。根据全文内容可知，第一段提出关于青春痘的问题；第二段至第六段分别解释不同的误区，故选B。 04（2024·山东泰安·中考真题） The Classical Gardens of Suzhou, which are also called Suzhou Gardens, are a group of beautiful gardens in the city of Suzhou in Jiangsu Province of China. The first classical garden was created during the Spring and Autumn Period in the 6th century BC． More gardens were built in the following centuries and most of them were private gardens of scholars (学者) and officials of that time. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the construction (建设) of the gardens came to its prime time because of the prosperity (繁荣) of Suzhou in that period. It is said that there were more than 200 gardens all over the city and Suzhou was famous as the “paradise on earth” and the “City of Gardens”. Nowadays, 19 of the 69 well-protected gardens are open to the public as tourist attractions. Among them, some famous gardens are regarded as typical examples of Suzhou Gardens, such as Humble Administrator’s Garden, Lingering Garden, Master of the Nets Garden and so on. Suzhou Gardens in many ways explain the ideas behind classic Chinese garden design (设计). Their owners were not just interested in having a pleasing arrangement (安排) of plants and flowers: they used history, philosophy, art and architecture(建筑学) in their designs. Each element (要素) of a classical Chinese garden—each hill, pond, plant and rock—is filled with meaning. Although every element was carefully designed, the end goal was always to have a garden which looked like it was created by nature, without the help of human hands. Suzhou Gardens represent the development and maturity (成熟) of Chinese garden design of more than two thousand years. They are national 5A tourist attractions in China and two groups of them were added to UNESCO World Cultural Heritage List (世界文化遗产名录) in 1997 and 2000. 16．When was the first classical Suzhou garden built? A．During the Ming Dynasty. B．During the Qing Dynasty. C．In the 5th century BC． D．During the Spring and Autumn Period. 17．What does the third paragraph mainly tell us? A．The history of Suzhou Gardens. B．The ideas behind the design of Suzhou Gardens. C．The typical examples of Suzhou Gardens. D．The great achievements of Suzhou Gardens. 18．What does the underlined word “represent” mean in the last paragraph? A．代表 B．报道 C．预言 D．讲述 19．What can we learn from the passage? A．Half of the well-protected gardens are open to the public. B．Each element of a classical Chinese garden has its meaning. C．Suzhou Gardens were built without the help of human hands. D．All the gardens were built for scholars and officials in the past. 【答案】16．D 17．B 18．A 19．B 【导语】本文介绍了苏州古典园林的历史、设计理念及其在中国园林设计中的重要地位。文章还提到了一些著名的苏州园林及其作为旅游景点的现状。 16．细节理解题。 根据“The first classical garden was created during the Spring and Autumn Period in the 6th century BC.”可知，第一个苏州古典园林建于春秋时期。故选D。 17．段落大意题。根据“Suzhou Gardens in many ways explain the ideas behind classic Chinese garden design (设计).”可知，第三段主要讲述了苏州园林设计背后的理念，故选B。 18．词义猜测题。根据“Suzhou Gardens”和“the development and maturity (成熟) of Chinese garden design of more than two thousand years.”可知，苏州园林代表了两千多年来中国园林设计的发展和成熟，所以represent意为“代表”。故选A。 19．细节理解题。根据“Each element (要素) of a classical Chinese garden—each hill, pond, plant and rock—is filled with meaning.”可知，中国古典园林的每一个元素都有它的意义。故选B。 05（2024·山东泰安·中考真题） Three ways to get involved with Earth DayEarth Day is on April 22nd every year. It aims to raise awareness (意识) about how to look after the world and encourages people to make small changes to help protect the environment. Here are three ways to get involved with Earth Day. Go on a sound huntGet close to nature by going out on a sound hunt (寻找). Head outside and listen to the noises all around you. You might hear the birds singing, wind in the trees or the rain pattering (发出嗒嗒声) on the ground. Make a record of what you can hear, where you heard it and when. Make an Earth Day posterCelebrate Earth Day by creating a poster to show at school or at home. The theme of this year’s Earth Day is Planet vs. Plastics. Have a think about how you might visualize (使……可见) this on a poster. Perhaps you’d like to do some research, including some facts about plastic production. Have a plastic-free dayWhy not go plastic-free for a day? You can do this by not buying, or using any single-use plastic on Earth Day. Single-use plastic is plastic that is only used once before being thrown away. Many food and drink items are packaged (包装) in single-use plastic. Although it may be a challenge, it is possible and might help you form new planet-friendly habits. 20．Amy is a creative girl and she is very good at drawing. What does she probably do to celebrate Earth Day? A．Go on a sound hunt. B．Make an Earth Day poster. C．Have a plastic-free day. D．Spend enjoyable time with her family. 21．To go plastic-free for a day, you’d better ________. A．go shopping with plastic bags B．buy snacks that are packaged in single-use plastic C．not buy or use any single-use plastic D．throw away all the plastic bags in your house 22．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? A．Earth Day is on April 22nd every year. B．You can get close to nature by going on a sound hunt. C．The theme of this year’s Earth Day is Earth for All. D．Three ways to get involved with Earth Day are mentioned. 【答案】20．B 21．C 22．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了参与地球日的三种方式。 20．推理判断题。根据“Make an Earth Day poster”以及“Have a think about how you might visualize (使……可见) this on a poster.”可知如果她擅长画画，可以制作地球日海报。故选B。 21．细节理解题。根据“Why not go plastic-free for a day? You can do this by not buying, or using any single-use plastic on Earth Day”可知，可以通过在地球日不购买或使用任何一次性塑料。故选C。 22．细节理解题。根据“The theme of this year’s Earth Day is Planet vs. Plastics”可知今年地球日的主题是“地球与塑料”。C选项“今年地球日的主题是‘人人共享地球’”表述错误。故选C。 06（2024·山东泰安·中考真题） When you look up at the night sky, what do you see? 80% of people around the world see nothing but skyglow (天光，人为白昼现象). This man-made brightening of the sky masks the stars. The night sky has played an important role in human life for thousands of years. Ancient peoples named the constellations (星座). Around the same time, Polynesian sailors used the sun and stars to sail on the sea in the correct direction. Later, the Maya civilization (文明) used the position of the stars to predict the changing of the seasons. But today, few people are able to see sky full of stars. So what happened? Light pollution is the reason. When man-made light enters into the night sky, it hides the stars. This excess (过多的) light comes from streetlights, office buildings, stores, flashing billboards, etc. Of course, people in modern societies need to light the night. Nighttime driving, walking, working, exercising, and more are all safer with man-made outdoor lighting. However, too much light at night can be harmful. It masks the stars and disturbs our natural sleep patterns, causing greater risk of cancer and heart disease. Light pollution can be greatly reduced (减少) with a few simple actions. The first is to stop wasting light. Outdoor lights can be covered so that the light shines down to the ground only where it’s needed. People can be more careful about using lights only when and where they are necessary. Besides, people can choose light bulbs (灯泡) with the smallest effective amount of brightness. Most bright white lights, including LEDs, give off a large amount of shorter-wavelength (波长较短的) blue light, which brightens the sky more than any other color of light. Choosing light bulbs with longer-wavelength light in yellow or orange can help prevent harmful light pollution. 23．By studying the night sky full of stars, ancient peoples did a lot except ________. A．naming the constellations B．sailing on the sea in the correct direction C．predicting the changing of the seasons D．letting man-made light enter into the night sky 24．Today most people can’t see the night sky full of stars because of ________. A．the excess light caused by humans B．the reduction of stars C．the changes in the position of stars D．the influence of weather 25．What does the last paragraph mainly tell us? A．How to save electricity in our daily lives. B．How to choose light bulbs correctly. C．Two ways of reducing light pollution. D．The advantages and disadvantages of man-made light. 26．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? A．Too much light at night can do harm to people’s health. B．Man-made light hides the stars when it enters into the night sky. C．In ancient times, the night sky played an important role in human life. D．Choosing shorter-wavelength blue light can help prevent harmful light pollution. 【答案】23．D 24．A 25．C 26．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了光污染对夜空的影响，特别是如何减少光污染以便更好地看到星空。 23．细节理解题。根据“The night sky has played an important role in human life for thousands of years. Ancient peoples named the constellations (星座). Around the same time, Polynesian sailors used the sun and stars to sail on the sea in the correct direction. Later, the Maya civilization (文明) used the position of the stars to predict the changing of the seasons.”可知，古人命名了星座、利用太阳和星星的指引在海上航行、预测季节变化，但没有提到让人造光进入夜空。故选D。 24．细节理解题。根据“ But today, few people are able to see sky full of stars. So what happened?...Light pollution is the reason. When man-made light enters into the night sky, it hides the stars. This excess (过多的) light comes from streetlights, office buildings, stores, flashing billboards, etc.”可知，光污染是主要原因，而光污染是由人类活动产生的过多光线造成的。故选A。 25．主旨大意题。根据“Light pollution can be greatly reduced (减少) with a few simple actions. The first is to stop wasting light...Besides, people can choose light bulbs (灯泡) with the smallest effective amount of brightness.”可知，最后一段主要讲了减少光污染的两种方法：减少浪费光线和选择合适的灯泡。故选C。 26．细节理解题。根据“Choosing light bulbs with longer-wavelength light in yellow or orange can help prevent harmful light pollution.”可知，文章建议选择长波长的黄光或橙光来减少光污染，D选项与文章内容不符。故选D。 07（2024·山东青岛·中考真题） At M. E. School in Tucson, Arizona, raising fish at school was one small answer to a big problem: many people in the neighborhood didn’t have enough food. The students could eat breakfast and lunch at school, but their families didn’t always have enough money for dinner. Buying fresh foods, such as vegetables and meat, was difficult. The teachers had an idea: could the students raise food at school for the neighborhood? It wouldn’t be easy. There isn’t enough water in Tucson because it is in a desert. Soil (土壤) doesn’t always have the nutrients (营养) that plants need to grow, so the students would need natural helpers. To solve the problem, the school set up a system in which fish poop makes plants grow better and the plants’ roots (根) clean the water in the fish tank. Students do research on the fish. “I did a task in the project on how much tilapia eat.” says Emmanuel. “We wanted to see if they preferred to eat in warm or cold water. They liked warm water better.” Fish aren’t the only animals that help students feed their neighbors. Chickens lay eggs. Bees also come to help turn flowers into vegetables. When the students have raised enough food, it’s time for Market Day. Vegetables are given to people in the neighborhood for free. Students sell eggs and tilapia to raise money for seeds (种子), fish food and chicken food. “People don’t have a lot of money, so it’s a nice dream we have to give them food. It’s also a chance to be healthy and eat better.” says Emmanuel. “We can plant good food and have fun while we’re doing something important,” says Blanks. “I’m so happy to be at this school.” 27．Why did the teachers at M. E. School decide to raise food for the neighborhood? ①The families in the neighborhood were poor. ②People there wanted a market for fresh foods. ③Students wanted to learn bow to grow vegetables. ④The natural condition isn’t proper for growing plants. A．①③ B．②④ C．①④ D．②③ 28．Which picture can describe the project according to the passage? A． B． C． D． 29．Which word can be used to describe the project in the school? A．Traditional. B．Creative. C．Professional. D．Private. 30．What can we infer (推断) from the last two paragraphs? A．The project has been widely spread. B．Eggs and tilapia are sold at a good price. C．The project brings the students a feeling of pride. D．Students have raised enough money to buy vegetables. 31．What is the best title of the passage? A．A Story of Helping the Poor. B．An Experience in the Desert. C．A Project from Seeds to Sales. D．A Dream of Giving Vegetables. 【答案】27．C 28．B 29．B 30．C 31．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了位于亚利桑那州图森市的M. E. 学校如何通过一个创新的项目帮助当地社区解决食物不足的问题。 27． 细节理解题。根据“The students could eat breakfast and lunch at school, but their families didn’t always have enough money for dinner”和“Soil (土壤) doesn’t always have the nutrients (营养) that plants need to grow”可知，M. E. School决定为邻里社区种植食物是因为附近的人家都很穷以及这里的自然条件不适宜种植植物。故选C。 28．细节理解题。根据“To solve the problem, the school set up a system in which fish poop makes plants grow better and the plants’ roots (根) clean the water in the fish tank.”可知，为了解决这个问题，学校建立了一个系统，在这个系统中，鱼粪使植物生长得更好，植物的根清洁鱼缸里的水。结合选项，B中的图片最符合。故选B。 29．推理判断题。根据“To solve the problem, the school set up a system in which fish poop makes plants grow better and the plants’ roots (根) clean the water in the fish tank.”结合全文内容可知，这个项目展示了学校采用创新的方法解决问题，因此最适合描述这个项目的词是creative“创新的”。故选B。 30．推理判断题。根据“People don’t have a lot of money, so it’s a nice dream we have to give them food. It’s also a chance to be healthy and eat better”（人们没有很多钱，所以这是一个美好的梦想，我们必须给他们食物。这也是一个保持健康和变得更好的机会。）结合文章最后两段内容可推断，这个项目给学生们带来了自豪感，因为他们能为邻里社区做出贡献，同时也通过销售鸡蛋和罗非鱼筹集了种子和食物的费用。故选C。 31．标题归纳题。根据“People don’t have a lot of money, so it’s a nice dream we have to give them food.”（人们没有很多钱，所以这是一个美好的梦想，我们必须给他们食物。）结合全文内容可知，这篇文章主要讲述了位于亚利桑那州图森市的M. E.学校如何通过一个创新的项目帮助当地社区解决食物不足的问题，因而最适合的标题是“A Dream of Giving Vegetables. ”。故选D。 08（2024·山东济宁·中考真题） 32．What should you do if you find a baby bird hurt? A．Just leave it there. B．Call the animal center. C．Put it back to its nest. D．Feed it with healthy food. 33．Why should you do nothing about an unhurt baby bird with feathers? A．Because you might hurt it. B．Because it is learning to fly. C．Because it is afraid of people D．Because its mother will find it soon. 34．Which of the following is TRUE about mother birds? A．They don’t care about their babies. B．They push their babies out of their nest. C．They don’t mind the smell of people on their babies. D．They will give up their babies if there’s smell of people on them. 35．Where do you most probably find this passage? A．In a newspaper. B．In an engineer’s diary. C．In a tourist guide book. D．In a student’s notebook. 【答案】32．B 33．B 34．C 35．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了在发现受伤或未受伤的小鸟时应该采取的正确措施，以及一些关于母鸟行为的常识。 32．细节理解题。根据“If the bird is HURT: Call the animal center (0-123-4567) ”可知，如果发现鸟受伤了，应该打电话给动物中心。故选B。 33．细节理解题。根据“If it has FEATHERS: Just leave it there! (It’s learning how to fly!)”可知，对于一只没有受伤且有羽毛的小鸟，什么都不做的原因是它正在学习飞行，因为这个阶段的小鸟需要练习飞行技能，而不是人为干预。故选B。 34．细节理解题。根据“People believe birds will give up their babies if they have the smell of people on them；WRONG! Birds don’t care”可知，母鸟不在乎鸟宝宝身上有人类的气味，母鸟不会因为小鸟身上有人的气味而放弃它们。故选C。 35．推理判断题。从右上角的课程和上课日期，结合笔记本样式，可以推断是学生笔记本。故选D。 09（2024·山东日照·中考真题） When you take the subway, you might notice many people, old and young, listening to audiobooks instead of reading paper books. Audiobooks have become quite popular these days. Why are more and more people choosing audiobooks over traditional books? Is listening to an audiobook just as good as reading a paper book? You need to find time available and a quiet place to sit down and read. However, you can listen to audiobooks anytime and anywhere you like, and it gives your eyes a break, too. But the big question is, do we get as much knowledge from audiobooks as we do from paper books? Researchers did an experiment to find the answer. Volunteers in Group One were asked to listen to an audiobook while volunteers in Group Two read a book of the same content (内容). It turned out that they recalled as much information, whether they listened to or read it. Another study from The Journal of Neuroscience further supported the result above. In the study, researchers scanned (扫描) people’s brains when they listened to and read books. The result showed that listening to audiobooks activated (激活) almost the same parts of the brain as reading did. However, some people still believe that they learn better from reading paper books. One reason might be that when we listen to audiobooks, we are often doing some other tasks at the same time. “If you’re trying to learn while doing two things, you’ re not going to learn as well,” Daniel Willingham, a researcher at the University of Virginia, told The New York Times. 36．Why are more and more people choosing audiobooks over paper books? A．They are easier to take. B．They offer choices in content. C．They improve people’s eyesight. D．They free people in time and place. 37．What did researchers find in the study? A．People recalled more information from reading paper books. B．Listening activated different parts of the brain from reading. C．People can read and listen to the same content at the same time. D．Listening makes no difference in recalling information from reading. 38．What can we infer from the text? A．People need to stay focused while reading. B．People often do other tasks while listening. C．People actually learn better from audiobooks. D．People have to activate the brain to learn better. 39．How is the text organized? (①=Paragraph 1,②=Paragraph 2,…) A． B． C． D． 【答案】36．D 37．D 38．A 39．B 【导语】本文讲述了有声书和纸质书两种阅读方式的对比。 36．细节理解题。根据“you can listen to audiobooks anytime and anywhere you like, and it gives your eyes a break”可知有声图书在时间和地点上解放了人们。故选D。 37．细节理解题。根据“It turned out that they recalled as much information, whether they listened to or read it”可知无论他们是听信息还是读信息，都能回忆起同样多的内容。故选D。 38．推理判断题。根据“You need to find time available and a quiet place to sit down and read.”可以推断出，人们在阅读时需要保持专注。而选项B是可以直接从原文“when we listen to audiobooks, we are often doing some other tasks at the same time.”中得出答案，而不是推断出。故选A。 39．篇章结构题。根据文章结构，第一段引出有声书的流行，第二段讨论有声书和纸质书的比较，第三四段说明研究结果，第五段总结，故选B。 10（2024·山东日照·中考真题） Best Theatres in London Sondheim Theatre Set up in 1970, it has been one of the most popular theatres in London that house some famous plays, one of which is Les Miserables that has been continuously performed there up to now. Inside there are 3 coffee bars. Website: www.sondheimtheatre.co.ukLyceum Theatre Since 1765, it has been hosting different activities over the year and has been closed and reopened several times. And it has been home of The Lion King for over 18 years. It also has bars, Wi-fi, and a shop that sells theatre goods. Website: www.thelyceumtheatre.comPrince Edward Theatre Built in 1929, it is home to some of the best-known plays and performances in the history of London theatre, like Peter Pan, Jersey Boys, and Anything Goes. It offers friendly service for the disabled. It has 5 coffee bars to choose from. Website: www.princeedwardtheatre.co.ukShakespeare’s Globe It is a world-famous culture theatre, where you can enjoy Hamlet, Romeo and Juliet, King Henry IV... any play by Shakespeare in the open air. Being a good place for the whole family, it offers a lot of activities—workshops, storytelling meetings and story tours, which both children and adults would love. Website: www.shakespearesglobe.com 40．Which play will you enjoy if you go to Lyceum Theatre? A．Anything Goes. B．The Lion King. C．Les Miserables. D．Romeo and Juliet. 41．Which would the disabled choose to go to? A．Sondheim Theatre. B．Prince Edward Theatre. C．Lyceum Theatre. D．Shakespeare’s Globe. 42．Where can a family book the tickets for a play in the open air? A．www.sondheimtheatre.co.uk B．www.thelyceumtheatre.com C．www.shakespearesglobe.com D．www.princeedwardtheatre.co.uk 【答案】40．B 41．B 42．C 【导语】本文介绍了伦敦最好的影院。 40．细节理解题。根据“Lyceum Theatre”中介绍的信息“And it has been home of The Lion King for over 18 years.”可知，兰心大戏院上演的剧目是《狮子王》。故选B。 41．细节理解题。根据“Prince Edward Theatre”中介绍的信息“It offers friendly service for the disabled.”可知，爱德华王子剧院为残疾人提供友好的服务，所以残疾人会选择去爱德华王子剧院。故选B。 42．细节理解题。根据“Shakespeare’s Globe”中介绍的信息“you can enjoy Hamlet, Romeo and Juliet, King Henry IV… any play by Shakespeare in the open air…Website: www.shakespearesglobe.com”可知，莎士比亚环球剧场提供露天剧场的演出，可以通过www.shakespearesglobe.com订票。故选C。 11（2024·山东日照·中考真题） Sounds from human activities spread across the ocean, causing much trouble to ocean animals. However, according to a new study, climate change might influence how sound travels through the water. Human-caused climate change influences the ocean in many ways, such as changing its temperature, salt level, and acidity (酸度). For example, when the water becomes more acidic, it can’t take in certain sounds. So those sounds travel further, adding to the noise in some areas. However, this effect (影响) is not as big as other changes. Changes like temperature and salt level can affect how the ocean’s different layers (层) mix. That, in turn, affects how sound travels. Researchers used computers to model how those changes influence noise levels across the ocean. They compared the models of the world now to those of the world in about 70 years if climate change continues. In the North Atlantic, they saw an increase in sound levels in the upper 125 meters of the Ocean. This was caused mostly by ice melting (融化) from Greenland, forming a cold layer of water near the Ocean’s surface. When sound travels through water, it turns toward the coldest layer. This made sound waves get stuck in the cold top layer and spread further out across the water instead of traveling deeper. As a result, the sound became louder at this depth in the North Atlantic. The rising noise levels in the Atlantic Ocean are worrying as they could disturb animals’ communication, hunting and travelling. Sharks already avoid loud ships, but with noise levels increasing everywhere, what will happen? 43．What has a bigger effect on ocean noise? A．Sea level. B．Wind speed. C．Water temperature. D．Ocean acidity. 44．How did researchers carry out the study? A．By modeling changes in ocean noise levels. B．By finding areas with increasing ocean noise. C．By doing field research in the North Atlantic. D．By comparing today’s ice size to that of the future. 45．What do we know about the sound traveling through water? A．It can be easily blocked by ice. B．It can get stuck by the seaside. C．It goes towards the colder areas. D．It travels faster in the deep ocean. 46．What is the main idea of the text? A．Ice melting brings changes to water level. B．Some ocean animals keep away from ships. C．The more the ocean is acidic, the more sounds it takes in. D．Climate change may influence the way sounds travel in the ocean. 【答案】43．C 44．A 45．C 46．D 【导语】本文讲述了气候变化如何影响声音在海洋中的传播。 43．细节理解题。根据第二段“Changes like temperature and salt level can affect how the ocean’s different layers mix. That, in turn, affects how sound travels.”可知，水温对海洋噪音的影响更大。故选C。 44．细节理解题。根据第三段“Researchers used computers to model how those changes influence noise levels across the ocean.”可知，研究人员通过模拟海洋噪音水平的变化来进行研究。故选A。 45．细节理解题。根据第四段“When sound travels through water, it turns toward the coldest layer.”可知，声音在水中传播时会朝向较冷的区域。故选C。 46．主旨大意题。根据第一段“However, according to a new study, climate change might influence how sound travels through the water.”以及全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了气候变化可能会影响声音在海洋中的传播方式。故选D。 12（2024·山东菏泽·中考真题） A Chinese song contest (比赛) for overseas Chinese was held in London on Sunday. It was organized by the London Chinatown Chinese Association. Twenty competitors were divided into three age groups: adults (18-40), juniors (12-17) and children (5-11). The contest awarded one gold, one silver and one bronze prize for each group. The winners will attend the final contest in Beijing this summer. In a welcome speech, Jiang Lei, consul general of the Chinese Embassy (中国大使馆总领事) in the UK, said the contest is a great platform to show the talents of overseas Chinese and promote (弘扬) traditional Chinese culture. “2024 marks the Year of the Dragon. It’s especially meaningful for overseas Chinese to get together and sing Chinese songs. I believe that these young competitors will move from today’s small stage to larger ones in the future,” she said. Jacky Zhao, a 15-year-old boy, got a silver prize. “It was my first stage performance here, which I think can help me get used to the life in the UK,” he said. Li Siyu, in a traditional Chinese horse-face skirt, performed the song Qingming Shanghe Tu. By mixing classical Chinese dance and Peking opera into her performance, Li successfully showed the beauty of the traditional Chinese culture to the world. The contest has been held for 14 years since 2011. More than 45,000 competitors from around the world attended it. It has become one of the most popular cultural events for overseas Chinese. 47．Which age group did Jacky Zhao come from? A．Adults. B．Juniors. C．Children. 48．What is the main purpose of the contest? A．To raise money for children. B．To sing Qingming Shanghe Tu. C．To promote traditional Chinese culture. 49．Which of the following best shows the structure (结构) of the passage? (P1=Paragraph 1…) A． B． C． 50．What could be the best title for the passage? A．A Chinese Song Contest in London B．A Traditional Chinese Horse-face Skirt C．A Final Chinese Song Contest in Beijing 【答案】47．B 48．C 49．B 50．A 【导语】本文主要介绍伦敦唐人街华人协会组织的中文歌曲比赛。 47．细节理解题。根据“adults (18-40), juniors (12-17) and children (5-11)”和“Jacky Zhao, a 15-year-old boy, got a silver prize.”可知，Jacky Zhao是青少年组的，故选B。 48．细节理解题。根据“the contest is a great platform to show the talents of overseas Chinese and promote (弘扬) traditional Chinese culture”可知，大赛是展示海外华人才华、弘扬中华传统文化的重要平台，故选C。 49．篇章结构题。分析文章内容可知，第一段引出这个比赛；第二段介绍这个比赛的分组和奖项；第三段介绍今年比赛的目的，第四段介绍今年比赛的一个获奖者；第五段进行总结。故选B。 50．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍伦敦唐人街华人协会组织的中文歌曲比赛，故选A。 13（2024·山东济宁·中考真题） Sometimes when the rain falls hard and fast on you, it might hurt a little. But what happens when it hits a mosquito (蚊子)? In 2012, David Hu, a scientist at Georgia Tech, became interested in this problem and decided to do a research. He used a high-speed camera so that he could watch the mosquitoes in very slow motion and find out what they’re doing when they’re out in the rain. What he found is that when a raindrop falls on a mosquito, it’s like when a bus hits a person. Besides, the little insect (昆虫) is hit by a raindrop about once every 20 seconds. So why don’t we see many dead mosquitoes after it rains? A mosquito is as big as a raindrop, but it is much lighter —0.002g only. This saves its life in raindrop hits. Because the mosquito is so light, when it is hit by a raindrop, it won’t experience a force that is strong enough to kill it. The study also found that when a mosquito is hit by a raindrop, the insect is pushed by the raindrop and falls together with it. But the mosquito doesn’t get wet easily because it is covered with hairs which keep off water. After dropping about 6 cm, it will roll off the raindrop and fly away. However, this trick isn’t always successful. If the mosquito flies too low when it is hit by the raindrop, it won’t have time to fly off. Then it will hit the ground and meet its death. 51．What does the underlined word “motion” mean? A．Time. B．Movie. C．Step. D．Movement. 52．What protect mosquitoes in the rain? A．Their mouths and their noses. B．Their eyes and their ears. C．Their legs and their wings. D．Their body weight and their hairs. 53．When is it dangerous for a mosquito in the rain? A．When it flies too close to the ground. B．When the rain falls too hard and too fast. C．When it is hit by raindrops too many times. D．When it drops for more than 6 cm in the rain. 54．Which of the following is a proper title for the passage? A．How Raindrops Hurt Mosquitoes B．When Mosquitoes Are in Danger C．Why Mosquitoes Aren’t Hurt in Rain D．When Mosquitoes Meet Their Death 【答案】51．D 52．D 53．A 54．C 【导语】本文讲述了科学家David Hu对雨滴撞击蚊子的研究。 51．词义猜测题。根据“He used a high-speed camera so that he could watch the mosquitoes”可知，高速相机可以以非常慢的动作观察蚊子，所以motion表示“动作”。故选D。 52．细节理解题。根据“A mosquito is as big as a raindrop, but it is much lighter —0.002 g only. This saves its life in raindrop hits. ”和“But the mosquito doesn’t get wet easily because it is covered with hairs which keep off water. After dropping about 6 cm, it will roll off the raindrop and fly away.”可知，蚊子的体重和毛发能在雨中保护蚊子。故选D。 53．细节理解题。根据“If the mosquito flies too low when it is hit by the raindrop, it won’t have time to fly off. Then it will hit the ground and meet its death”可知，如果蚊子飞得太低，被雨滴击中后没有时间飞走，就会撞到地面而死亡。故选A。 54．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要讨论了为什么蚊子在雨中不会受伤。故选C。 14（2024·山东临沂·中考真题） It can be really embarrassed if someone sees you talking to yourself. But don’t feel bad about it! Talking to yourself actually has a lot of advantages. You probably know that thinking is good for the brain. It helps us do things like making plans and managing our feelings. Talking to yourself loud is like showing this quiet inner (内在的) speech. It can help us do better in different areas like school, sports and work. Talking to yourself, especially in the third person, can help us manage bad feelings. “Talking to yourself in the third person is like giving yourself advice,” said Jason Moser, a professor (教授) from Michigan State University, US. Moser uses himself in an example. He does not like flying, but he has to fly often for his work. So when he is feeling nervous or afraid during a flight (航班), he talks to himself. “Well, you know, Jason knows air travel is very safe. And Jason has been on thousands of flights.” This can help us to see things from a different aspect (角度), especially when we’re feeling sad or angry. When encouragement comes from oneself, it adds to self-confidence. A study invited 72 tennis players to take part in some matches. Researchers (调查者) put the players into two groups: one group that said nothing while playing, and the other that talked to themselves while playing. They found that the self-talkers showed more confidence and played better than those in the silent group. Self-talk also helps to improve memory. Researchers tested four different ways to memorize things: reading silently, reading aloud, listening to someone else read and listening to a recording of oneself reading. Those who read out loud recalled the information the best, researchers said in their study. It’s because the information will probably become a long-term memory if it is said out loud. 55．What does the underlined word “It” refer to (指代) in Paragraph 2? A．Talking to yourself. B．The brain. C．Thinking. 56．How does the writer show his opinion in Paragraph 3? A．By listing numbers. B．By giving an example. C．By comparing himself with others. 57．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 4? A．Talking to yourself helps to find out the best players. B．Talking to yourself helps to improve players’ talking skills. C．Talking to yourself helps to make you more confident. 58．Which of the following best shows the structure (结构) of the passage? (P =Paragraph) A． B． C． 【答案】55．A 56．B 57．C 58．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，文章介绍了自言自语的好处。 55．推理判断题。根据“Talking to yourself loud is like showing this quiet inner (内在的) speech. It can help us do better in different areas like school, sports and work.”可知，大声对自己说话就像展示自己的内心语言，可以帮助我们在学校、运动和工作等不同领域做得更好。故划线部分It指代上文提到的Talking to yourself。故选A。 56．推理判断题。根据“Talking to yourself, especially in the third person, can help us manage bad feelings.”可知，第三段主要介绍自言自语可以帮助我们控制不好的感觉。文章以美国密歇根州立大学教授杰森个人乘坐飞机的经历论证了这一观点。故文章第三段通过举例子的方式论证观点。故选B。 57．段落大意题。根据“When encouragement comes from oneself, it adds to self-confidence.”可知，文章第四段主要介绍了自言自语可以帮助提高自信。故选C。 58．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，文章第一段总起全文，表明文章主题：自言自语有很多好处；文章第二段总体介绍了自言自语的概念，进一步表明它的好处；文章第三、四、五段分别从三个方面具体阐述自言自语的好处，故文章正确的结构如图A所示。故选A。 15（2024·山东菏泽·中考真题） Orangutan means “person of the forest” in the Malay language. Orangutans are great apes (猿). Wild orangutans live on two islands—Sumatra and Borneo in Southeast Asia. Orangutans have long and powerful arms, fingers and toes. These help them climb and swing between trees in the rainforest. Orangutans mostly eat fruit. They also eat leaves, flowers, and sometimes insects. Over 300 different types of food have been found in their diet. Orangutans play a very important role in spreading fruit and plant seeds in the forest. This helps to keep their rainforest home healthy. Orangutans are smart and intelligent. They create and use tools to get seeds from fruit. They also use tools to catch insects from the insides of trees. Orangutans memorize the rainforest where they live. This helps them know which trees have ripe (成熟的) fruit. They build a sleeping nest each night made of branches (树枝) and leaves. However, orangutans are in great danger. Scientists say that there are less than 62, 000 orangutans remaining in the wild. Young orangutans are sometimes caught and sold as pets. Orangutans are also hunted for food. The biggest problem is that orangutans are losing their homes. Millions of rainforests are cut down each year for palm oil (棕榈油). Palm oil can be used to make candy bars, cookies, shampoos, soaps, and pet food. Most of the palm oil produced in the world is from Sumatra and Borneo. Wildlife organizations are working hard to help protect the remaining rainforests. If the rainforests disappear, orangutans will disappear forever. 59．What are orangutans? A．Rainforests. B．Great apes. C．Islands. 60．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．Why orangutans create and use tools. B．Where orangutans build a sleeping nest. C．How smart and intelligent orangutans are. 61．Which is the main reason why orangutans are in great danger? A．Orangutans are caught as pets. B．People hunt orangutans for food. C．Millions of rainforests are cut down. 62．In which section of a website can we probably read the passage? A．Fantastic Wildlife. B．Modern Technology. C．Famous People. 【答案】59．B 60．C 61．C 62．A 【导语】本文介绍了猩猩的生活习性，并呼吁人们保护猩猩，保护环境。 59．细节理解题。根据“Orangutans are great apes”可知，猩猩是类人猿。故选B。 60．段落大意题。根据“Orangutans are smart and intelligent. ”可知，第三段主要介绍了猩猩的聪明才智。故选C。 61．细节理解题。根据“The biggest problem is that orangutans are losing their homes. Millions of rainforests are cut down each year for palm oil”可知，猩猩处于危险中的主要原因是失去了它们的家，因为棕榈油，雨林被砍伐。故选C。 62．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了猩猩的生活习性等，因此最有可能出现在“奇妙的野生动物”部分。故选A。 16（2024·山东东营·中考真题） We’ve all seen pictures of camels carrying heavy loads (负载物) across the sandy desert. They walk without stopping for food or water for several days. Have you ever wondered how they do it? For your answer, take a look at the bag round hump which is on a camel’s back. Camels are the only animals with humps. And it’s the hump that gives camels the amazing ability to go for long periods of time without food or water. The hump is like a spare cupboard (备用食物柜) where the camel stores (储存) food and water for days when there is nothing to eat or drink. When life is good, and there is plenty to eat and drink, a camel’s hump can grow to as big as 40 kilograms. The food is changed into fat (脂防) and stored in the camel’s bump. When there is nothing to eat or drink, camels begin to use the stored fat in their humps. That’s why they can continue to live for weeks without food and up to 10 days without water. Camels are like sponges. They can take in more than 130 litres of water in one short drink. In only a few minutes, all of this water goes directly to the camel’s blood cells (组胞). Camels save water too. They never know when they’ll find the next watering hole. As they breathe out, their noses close quickly. The water in the breath stays in their bodies. After a long trek across the desert carrying 100 kilograms or more, a camel can lose up to 150 kilograms of weight. The camel’s hump will become very small. As soon as this camel gets to an oasis (绿洲), it will take in hundreds of litres of water. In a day, it will get back most of its weight. Nature really has given camels the perfect system for living the hard desert life. 63．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The shape of the hump. B．The habit of the camel. C．The function (功能) of the hump. D．The ability of the camel 64．Which is TRUE about the hump? A．The hump stores different kinds of food. B．The hump always stays the same size. C．The hump can store more than 130 litres water. D．The weight of the hump depends on eating conditions. 65．What does the underlined word “sponges” mean? A．海绵 B．弹簧 C．水桶 D．吸管 66．Why docs the writer use some numbers in this passage? A．To explain the facts more clearly. B．To express the ideas more politely. C．To make the article more educational. D．To make the language more beautiful. 67．What does the writer mainly want to tell us? A．Camels have some amazing abilities. B．Camels are good helpers for desert people. C．Camels have a great quality of never wasting water. D．Camels have a perfect system for living in the desert. 【答案】63．C 64．D 65．A 66．A 67．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了骆驼的驼峰的作用以及为什么骆驼可以在沙漠中生活。 63．主旨大意题。根据“Camels are the only animals with humps. And it’s the hump that gives camels the amazing ability to go for long periods of time without food or water...”可知本段主要介绍了驼峰的功能。故选C。 64．推理判断题。根据“When life is good, and there is plenty to eat and drink, a camel’s hump can grow to as big as 40 kilograms”可知当生活很好，有充足的食物和饮料时，骆驼的驼峰可以长到40公斤大，可见驼峰的重量取决于饮食条件。故选D。 65．词义猜测题。根据“Camels are like sponges. They can take in more than 130 litres of water in one short drink”可知是像海绵一样，可以吸水，故此处划线部分意为“海绵”。故选A。 66．推理判断题。根据“a camel’s hump can grow to as big as 40 kilograms”“they can continue to live for weeks without food and up to 10 days without water.”“They can take in more than 130 litres of water in one short drink”以及“After a long trek across the desert carrying 100 kilograms or more, a camel can lose up to 150 kilograms of weight.”可知这些数字更好地描述了骆驼的情况，即为了更准确地解释事实。故选A。 67．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了骆驼的驼峰的作用以及为什么骆驼可以在沙漠中生活，即骆驼在沙漠中有一套完美的生活系统。故选D。 17（2024·山东烟台·中考真题） A Long March 5 rocket took off from the Wenchang Space Launch Site in Hainan province on May 3, 2024. After flying for about 37 minutes, it successfully placed the Chang’e 6 robotic lunar probe (月球探测器) into an Earth-moon transfer trajectory (转移轨道). Several days later the probe was programmed to land on the moon’s far side and started its tasks, which would last about 53 days. This is the world’s first try to bring samples (样本) from the moon’s far side. For China, it’s the second sample-return moon journey. Chang’e 5 successfully brought samples from the moon in the winter of 2020. Up to now, 10 moon sample-return tasks have been carried out by the United States, the former Soviet Union (前苏联) and China, but all these samples were collected from the moon’s near side. The moon’s far side has always been a subject of scientific wonder because of its many mysteries. It’s facing away from Earth and it can never be seen from Earth. It was once called the “dark side of the moon” even though it receives just as much sunlight as the near side. Chinese researchers have found that the soil on the far side is much thicker than that on the near side, but they haven’t found out the reason. Samples brought back by Chang’e 5 have helped scientists find that there were volcanic (火山的) activities on the near side around 2 billion years ago. Some scientists thought maybe volcanoes became inactive on the far side about 4 billion years ago. Is it true? Samples from the far side will allow them to know the answer. “Comparing the make-up of the far side samples from Chang’e 6 with those collected from the near side will be of great scientific value to the international community,” said Martin Sweeting, a famous professor of space engineering. 68．When did Chang’e 6 begin to work on the moon? A．On May 3, 2024. B．After flying for about 37 minutes. C．In the winter of 2020. D．After landing on the moon’s far side. 69．How many times has China got samples from the moon’s near side? A．Once. B．Twice. C．Five times. D．Ten times. 70．According to the passage, the moon’s far side ________. A．receives less sunlight than the near side B．has thicker soil compared with the near side C．can be seen from Earth with powerful cameras D．has more recent volcanic activities than the near side 71．What can we learn from Martin Sweeting’s words? A．Chang’e 6 will stay longer on the moon for more tasks. B．Chang’e 6 is carrying out a valuable task for the world. C．Chang’e 6 will bring samples from both sides of the moon. D．Chang’e 6 can compare samples before bringing them back. 【答案】68．D 69．A 70．B 71．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了长征5号的情况，由此引出对于月球情况的介绍，突出了从月球上带回样本对于航空事业有重大帮助。 68．细节理解题。根据“Several days later the probe was programmed to land on the moon’s far side and started its tasks, which would last about 53 days.”可知，探测器被设定在月球背面着陆后，开始了它的任务，故选D。 69．推理判断题。根据“This is the world’s first try to bring samples (样本) from the moon’s far side. For China, it’s the second sample-return moon journey…but all these samples were collected from the moon’s near side.”可知，这是世界上第一次尝试从月球背面采集样本。对中国来说，这是第二次取样返回月球之旅，之前所有这些样本都是从月球近侧收集的，也就是说中国已经有过一次从月球近侧采集样本，故选A。 70．细节理解题。根据“Chinese researchers have found that the soil on the far side is much thicker than that on the near side”可知，月球背面的土壤比近侧厚得多，故选B。 71．推理判断题。根据“Comparing the make-up of the far side samples from Chang’e 6 with those collected from the near side will be of great scientific value to the international community”可知，嫦娥6号收集的远端样本和近端样本对国际社会来说将具有重大的科学价值，也就是说嫦娥六号正在为世界执行一项有价值的任务，故选B。 18（2024·山东滨州·中考真题） Zigong, in Sichuan Province is home to Chinese lanterns. Zigong lantern is known as the best lantern in the world. The Zigong Lantern Festival dates back to the Tang Dynasty. The festival has rapidly developed with traditional culture and modern technologies. In 2008, the Zigong Lantern Festival was listed as a national intangible cultural heritage(国家级非物质文化遗产), becoming a shining name card for Chinese culture to go out into the world. “Making a huge lantern for exhibition requires 17 steps,” said Wan Songtao, an inheritor (传承人) of Zigong lantern-making. “Each step is finished by a team instead of a single maker.” Wan added. The sundial (日晷), a kind of lantern, made by Wan’s team, for example, took about 80 makers over 50 days to complete the whole process. Unlike the lanterns in other places, Zigong lanterns use modern technologies such as AI, mechanical engineering (机械工程), and holography (全息摄影术). They are perfect combinations (结合) of lights, sounds and movements. What’s more, the theme of the lantern can be chosen in different ways. “Anything that can be designed on a lantern can make a wonderful show, and everyone is encouraged to turn their ideas into real works,” said Zhang Fanglai, a leading researcher at the Colorful Lantern Museum of China. And the rich themes of Zigong lanterns show the spirit of creativity and warmth from the bottom of the local people’s heart. The government encourages local people to learn lantern-making widely. Without doubt, at the heart of the Zigong Lantern Festival’s success is the local tradition of pulling together. Zigong lanterns are getting more and more popular. Driven by the collective efforts of the whole city, they have reached over 80 countries. It’s believed that Zigong lanterns will reach every corner of the world in the future. 72．Which of the following poets could probably enjoy Zigong lanterns? A．Cao Cao. B．Li Bai. C．Tao Yuanming. D．Cao Zhi. 73．What can we infer(推断) from Paragraph 2? ①Holography is a kind of traditional technology. ②It’s hard for makers to complete a huge lantern for exhibition. ③Zigong lanterns are different from the lanterns in other places. ④The workers of Zigong lantern making work together in a team. A．①②③ B．①④ C．②③④ D．②③ 74．According to the passage, what’s Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The rich themes of Zigong lanterns. B．The long history of Zigong lanterns. C．The excellent inheritors of Zigong lanterns. D．The modern technologies of Zigong lanterns. 75．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．People in Zigong. B．Zigong lanterns. C．The makers of Zigong lanterns. D．Many museums. 76．Which of the following best shows the structure of this passage? （①=Paragraph1, ②=Paragraph 2...） A． B． C． D． 【答案】72．B 73．C 74．A 75．B 76．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要四川自贡的盛大灯会以及灯笼制作人Wan Songtao。 72．细节理解题。根据“The Zigong Lantern Festival dates back to the Tang Dynasty.”可知，自贡灯笼节追溯到唐朝，四个选项中只有李白是唐朝诗人，故选B。 73．推理判断题。根据“Making a huge lantern for exhibition requires 17 steps”可知，制作一个用于展览的巨型灯笼需要17个步骤，这并不容易。根据“The sundial (日晷), a kind of lantern, made by Wan’s team, for example, took about 80 makers over 50 days to complete the whole process”可知，自贡制作灯笼的工人们在一个团队里一起工作，根据“Unlike the lanterns in other places, Zigong lanterns use modern technologies such as AI, mechanical engineering (机械工程), and holography”可知，自贡的灯笼与其他地方的不同，故选C。 74．主旨大意题。根据“What’s more, the theme of the lantern can be chosen in different ways.”可知，第三段主要介绍了灯笼的主题，故选A。 75．词义猜测题。根据“Zigong lanterns are getting more and more popular. Driven by the collective efforts of the whole city, they have reached over 80 countries”可知，在整个城市的共同努力下，自贡灯笼已经到达了80多个国家，所以they指代“Zigong lanterns”，故选B。 76．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段引出本文主题，第二段介绍了灯笼的制作步骤，第三段介绍了灯笼的主题，最后一段介绍了政府的大力支持以及人们对于自贡灯笼前景展望，属于总—分—总的结构，故选A。 19（2024·山东滨州·中考真题） As a country powerful in math, China has many folk games full of math wisdom (智慧). You may play many of them before. Let’s take a look at three of them. Chinese nine linked rings puzzleIt’s believed that the nine linked rings puzzle was created in the Western Han Dynasty. And it is usually made up of nine rings connected to a handle (手柄). Players have to remove (移除) all the rings from the handle to win the game. This is not a simple game. The solution takes 341 moves, so lots of patience is required. But if you learn to solve it, it’s hard to forget. TangramFirst popular in the Ming and Qing dynasties, the tangram is a puzzle made up of seven pieces of different shapes. For each puzzle, players need to use all the pieces to make a shape. To do it, they have to know about geometry (几何学). In the 18th century, the tangram was brought to the West and soon became popular there. Luban lockThe Luban lock was first created by Lu Ban 2,000 years ago. The lock has a lot to do with solid geometry (立体几何). It’s hard to separate the six pieces. However, it is usually easier to unlock a Luban lock than to put it back together. Now, there are Luban locks made up of nine or more pieces. 77．Which of the following subjects do the three folk games have to do with? A．English. B．Music. C．Math. D．Chemistry. 78．_________ is first popular in the Ming and Qing dynasties. A．Tangram B．Luban lock C．Chinese nine linked rings puzzle D．Nine-square Grid 79．From the passage we can learn that _________. A．there are Luban locks made up of only six pieces now B．the tangram was brought to the West in the 19th century C．it is usually more difficult to unlock a Luban lock than to put it back together D．players have to remove nine rings from the handle to win the nine linked rings puzzle 80．Where can you probably read the passage? A．In a story book. B．In a science book. C．In a travel magazine. D．In a sports magazine. 81．The writer wrote the passage mainly to _________. A．explain the ways to learn math B．share his skills of playing folk games C．tell us the importance of learning math well D．introduce folk games with math wisdom in China 【答案】77．C 78．A 79．D 80．B 81．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了九连环、七巧板和鲁班锁这三个充满数学智慧的中国民间游戏。 77．细节理解题。根据“As a country powerful in math, China has many folk games full of math wisdom (智慧).”可知，三个游戏都与数学相关，故选C。 78．细节理解题。根据“First popular in the Ming and Qing dynasties, the tangram is a puzzle made up of seven pieces of different shapes.”可知，七巧板最早流行于明清时期，故选A。 79．细节理解题。根据“And it is usually made up of nine rings connected to a handle (手柄). Players have to remove (移除) all the rings from the handle to win the game.”可知，它通常由九个环连接在一个手柄上。玩家必须从手柄上摘下所有的圆环才能赢得比赛。故选D。 80．推理判断题。本文主要介绍三个与数学相关的民间游戏，所以可能在一本科学书里看到这篇文章，故选B。 81．主旨大意题。根据“As a country powerful in math, China has many folk games full of math wisdom (智慧). You may play many of them before. Let’s take a look at three of them.”可知，本文主要介绍了九连环、七巧板和鲁班锁这三个充满数学智慧的中国民间游戏，故选D。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题03 阅读理解之说明文 01（2024·山东威海·中考真题） Pi is a special number that goes on forever. The symbol for this special number is a Greek letter “π”. To keep the math simple, we say π is 3.14. Pi is used to find the size of circles. Pi is always the same no matter how small or big the circle is. Because it is so special, someone thought of celebrating it. Since pi is 3.14, a physicist named Larry Shaw decided March 14th would be the perfect day. So on this day in 1988, he invited his friends to walk around in a circle and eat pies. Later, more math and science lovers celebrated Pi Day on March 14th each year. On November 26th, 2019, Pi Day was recognized (正式认定) as the International Day of Mathematics. Pi Day is celebrated in different ways. There are games in which people try to memorize as many decimal places (小数点后位数) as they can. There are pie-eating contests. Then, at 3:14 p. m., there are special events. For example, people get free pies at some parties. Today, Pi is not just a number. 1．What is pi in this passage? A．A circle. B．A pie. C．A number. 2．What is pi used for? A．Keeping the circles small. B．Finding the size of circles. C．Helping memorize the number. 3．When was Pi first celebrated? A．On March 14th, 1988. B．On March 14th, 2019. C．On November 26th, 2019. 4．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 3? A．How people memorize pi. B．How people get free pies. C．How people celebrate Pi Day. 5．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．A special festival. B．A math symbol. C．Pi and Pi Day. 02（2024·山东威海·中考真题） Ancient China amazed the world with its wisdom. Some of its inventions continue to influence us today. Four Chinese irrigation sites (灌溉点) were added to the 2018 list of World Heritage Irrigation Structures (世界灌溉工程遗产). Let’s take a look at these amazing sites. Dujiangyan Dujiangyan is a wonder in the world history of irrigation structures. More than 2, 000 years ago, Chengdu was in danger because of flood from the Minjiang River. Li Bing, a local official, designed the Dujiangyan irrigation system, which could control the water run from the mountains to the Chengdu Plain all year round. Changqu Canal Changqu Canal, also known as Baiqi Canal, is in the city of Xiangyang in Hubei province. It is 48 km long in total and it was first used to transport soldiers. It was later used for irrigation—in fact, it is still used to provide water to more than 30, 000 mu (20 square km) of farmland. Lingqu Canal Located in Xing’an county, Guangxi Province, Lingqu Canal was built 2, 000 years ago. It is the oldest canal in the world. It was built to transport things for the army. “It magically lowers the pressure of transportation along the north and south waterways,” according to the Travel China Guide. It also turned Xing’ an into an agriculturally (农业) developed area. Jiang- Xi Dam The Jiang- Xi Dam in Zhejiang province in fact includes two dams— the Jiang and Xi dams. Built in the 14th century, it improved life for local people for centuries. It not only plays an important role in irrigation, but also is good for environmental protection. 6．Which was built to fight against water? A．Dujiangyan. B．Changqu Canal. C．Lingqu Canal. 7．Which is true about Changqu Canal? A．It is also called Baiqi Canal.B．It is still important for the army. C．It was first built for the farmland. 8．What can we know about Lingqu Canal? A．Why and how it was built. B．When and why it was built. C．When and how it was built. 9．Which of the following is the youngest irrigation system? A．Dujiangyan. B．Lingqu Canal. C．Jiang- Xi Dam. 10．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To give advice on controlling the water. B．To show ancient Chinese wisdom to the world. C．To introduce the long and rich Chinese history. 03（2024·山东威海·中考真题） ①Almost everybody has had pimples (青春痘). It is a normal part of growing up. When kids reach teens, their bodies experience many changes. During this period, most teenagers often develop pimples. Also, many people continue to have pimples after teens. What can a teenager or an adult do to deal with pimples? Unluckily, many ways are really just myths. ②Many people believe that popping (挤) pimples is the best way. Popping a pimple will cause more redness and pain, or even probably turn into an illness. For that reason, doctors normally encourage people not to pop their pimples. ③Also, do you think that washing your face often will be helpful? Of course, it is a good idea, but washing your face too much could make the skin painful, making the pimples even worse. ④Another widely believed myth is that not wearing make-up (化妆) can help lower the chance of developing pimples. In fact, some kinds of make-up actually have special medicine in them to fight pimples. As a result, not all of them are bad for you. ⑤Along with make-up, people believe that eating fatty foods or chocolate can cause pimples. The truth is that eating a candy or a piece of pizza will not cause pimples. Even so, both teenagers and adults should still try to eat foods that are good for their bodies and their skin. ⑥Another myth is that stress can cause pimples. Stress comes in many forms, like a big exam at school or problems with friends. While it is true that stress can cause a person’s skin to create extra oil, this extra oil does not necessarily cause more pimples. 11．What’s the doctors’ advice on pop ping pimples? A．People should do it. B．You’d better not do it. C．It’s the best way to do it. 12．According to Paragraphs 3—6, what might cause pimples? A．Washing face. B．Eating a candy. C．Extra oil created on the skin. 13．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “myths”? A．Proper ways. B．Wrong thoughts. C．Normal problems. 14．Who can get help most from the passage? A．People who have trouble with pimples. B．Adults who have unhealthy eating habits. C．Students who have much stress on exams. 15．What’s the structure of this passage? A． B． C． 04（2024·山东泰安·中考真题） The Classical Gardens of Suzhou, which are also called Suzhou Gardens, are a group of beautiful gardens in the city of Suzhou in Jiangsu Province of China. The first classical garden was created during the Spring and Autumn Period in the 6th century BC． More gardens were built in the following centuries and most of them were private gardens of scholars (学者) and officials of that time. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the construction (建设) of the gardens came to its prime time because of the prosperity (繁荣) of Suzhou in that period. It is said that there were more than 200 gardens all over the city and Suzhou was famous as the “paradise on earth” and the “City of Gardens”. Nowadays, 19 of the 69 well-protected gardens are open to the public as tourist attractions. Among them, some famous gardens are regarded as typical examples of Suzhou Gardens, such as Humble Administrator’s Garden, Lingering Garden, Master of the Nets Garden and so on. Suzhou Gardens in many ways explain the ideas behind classic Chinese garden design (设计). Their owners were not just interested in having a pleasing arrangement (安排) of plants and flowers: they used history, philosophy, art and architecture(建筑学) in their designs. Each element (要素) of a classical Chinese garden—each hill, pond, plant and rock—is filled with meaning. Although every element was carefully designed, the end goal was always to have a garden which looked like it was created by nature, without the help of human hands. Suzhou Gardens represent the development and maturity (成熟) of Chinese garden design of more than two thousand years. They are national 5A tourist attractions in China and two groups of them were added to UNESCO World Cultural Heritage List (世界文化遗产名录) in 1997 and 2000. 16．When was the first classical Suzhou garden built? A．During the Ming Dynasty. B．During the Qing Dynasty. C．In the 5th century BC． D．During the Spring and Autumn Period. 17．What does the third paragraph mainly tell us? A．The history of Suzhou Gardens. B．The ideas behind the design of Suzhou Gardens. C．The typical examples of Suzhou Gardens. D．The great achievements of Suzhou Gardens. 18．What does the underlined word “represent” mean in the last paragraph? A．代表 B．报道 C．预言 D．讲述 19．What can we learn from the passage? A．Half of the well-protected gardens are open to the public. B．Each element of a classical Chinese garden has its meaning. C．Suzhou Gardens were built without the help of human hands. D．All the gardens were built for scholars and officials in the past. 05（2024·山东泰安·中考真题） Three ways to get involved with Earth DayEarth Day is on April 22nd every year. It aims to raise awareness (意识) about how to look after the world and encourages people to make small changes to help protect the environment. Here are three ways to get involved with Earth Day. Go on a sound huntGet close to nature by going out on a sound hunt (寻找). Head outside and listen to the noises all around you. You might hear the birds singing, wind in the trees or the rain pattering (发出嗒嗒声) on the ground. Make a record of what you can hear, where you heard it and when. Make an Earth Day posterCelebrate Earth Day by creating a poster to show at school or at home. The theme of this year’s Earth Day is Planet vs. Plastics. Have a think about how you might visualize (使……可见) this on a poster. Perhaps you’d like to do some research, including some facts about plastic production. Have a plastic-free dayWhy not go plastic-free for a day? You can do this by not buying, or using any single-use plastic on Earth Day. Single-use plastic is plastic that is only used once before being thrown away. Many food and drink items are packaged (包装) in single-use plastic. Although it may be a challenge, it is possible and might help you form new planet-friendly habits. 20．Amy is a creative girl and she is very good at drawing. What does she probably do to celebrate Earth Day? A．Go on a sound hunt. B．Make an Earth Day poster. C．Have a plastic-free day. D．Spend enjoyable time with her family. 21．To go plastic-free for a day, you’d better ________. A．go shopping with plastic bags B．buy snacks that are packaged in single-use plastic C．not buy or use any single-use plastic D．throw away all the plastic bags in your house 22．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? A．Earth Day is on April 22nd every year. B．You can get close to nature by going on a sound hunt. C．The theme of this year’s Earth Day is Earth for All. D．Three ways to get involved with Earth Day are mentioned. 06（2024·山东泰安·中考真题） When you look up at the night sky, what do you see? 80% of people around the world see nothing but skyglow (天光，人为白昼现象). This man-made brightening of the sky masks the stars. The night sky has played an important role in human life for thousands of years. Ancient peoples named the constellations (星座). Around the same time, Polynesian sailors used the sun and stars to sail on the sea in the correct direction. Later, the Maya civilization (文明) used the position of the stars to predict the changing of the seasons. But today, few people are able to see sky full of stars. So what happened? Light pollution is the reason. When man-made light enters into the night sky, it hides the stars. This excess (过多的) light comes from streetlights, office buildings, stores, flashing billboards, etc. Of course, people in modern societies need to light the night. Nighttime driving, walking, working, exercising, and more are all safer with man-made outdoor lighting. However, too much light at night can be harmful. It masks the stars and disturbs our natural sleep patterns, causing greater risk of cancer and heart disease. Light pollution can be greatly reduced (减少) with a few simple actions. The first is to stop wasting light. Outdoor lights can be covered so that the light shines down to the ground only where it’s needed. People can be more careful about using lights only when and where they are necessary. Besides, people can choose light bulbs (灯泡) with the smallest effective amount of brightness. Most bright white lights, including LEDs, give off a large amount of shorter-wavelength (波长较短的) blue light, which brightens the sky more than any other color of light. Choosing light bulbs with longer-wavelength light in yellow or orange can help prevent harmful light pollution. 23．By studying the night sky full of stars, ancient peoples did a lot except ________. A．naming the constellations B．sailing on the sea in the correct direction C．predicting the changing of the seasons D．letting man-made light enter into the night sky 24．Today most people can’t see the night sky full of stars because of ________. A．the excess light caused by humans B．the reduction of stars C．the changes in the position of stars D．the influence of weather 25．What does the last paragraph mainly tell us? A．How to save electricity in our daily lives. B．How to choose light bulbs correctly. C．Two ways of reducing light pollution. D．The advantages and disadvantages of man-made light. 26．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? A．Too much light at night can do harm to people’s health. B．Man-made light hides the stars when it enters into the night sky. C．In ancient times, the night sky played an important role in human life. D．Choosing shorter-wavelength blue light can help prevent harmful light pollution. 07（2024·山东青岛·中考真题） At M. E. School in Tucson, Arizona, raising fish at school was one small answer to a big problem: many people in the neighborhood didn’t have enough food. The students could eat breakfast and lunch at school, but their families didn’t always have enough money for dinner. Buying fresh foods, such as vegetables and meat, was difficult. The teachers had an idea: could the students raise food at school for the neighborhood? It wouldn’t be easy. There isn’t enough water in Tucson because it is in a desert. Soil (土壤) doesn’t always have the nutrients (营养) that plants need to grow, so the students would need natural helpers. To solve the problem, the school set up a system in which fish poop makes plants grow better and the plants’ roots (根) clean the water in the fish tank. Students do research on the fish. “I did a task in the project on how much tilapia eat.” says Emmanuel. “We wanted to see if they preferred to eat in warm or cold water. They liked warm water better.” Fish aren’t the only animals that help students feed their neighbors. Chickens lay eggs. Bees also come to help turn flowers into vegetables. When the students have raised enough food, it’s time for Market Day. Vegetables are given to people in the neighborhood for free. Students sell eggs and tilapia to raise money for seeds (种子), fish food and chicken food. “People don’t have a lot of money, so it’s a nice dream we have to give them food. It’s also a chance to be healthy and eat better.” says Emmanuel. “We can plant good food and have fun while we’re doing something important,” says Blanks. “I’m so happy to be at this school.” 27．Why did the teachers at M. E. School decide to raise food for the neighborhood? ①The families in the neighborhood were poor. ②People there wanted a market for fresh foods. ③Students wanted to learn bow to grow vegetables. ④The natural condition isn’t proper for growing plants. A．①③ B．②④ C．①④ D．②③ 28．Which picture can describe the project according to the passage? A． B． C． D． 29．Which word can be used to describe the project in the school? A．Traditional. B．Creative. C．Professional. D．Private. 30．What can we infer (推断) from the last two paragraphs? A．The project has been widely spread. B．Eggs and tilapia are sold at a good price. C．The project brings the students a feeling of pride. D．Students have raised enough money to buy vegetables. 31．What is the best title of the passage? A．A Story of Helping the Poor. B．An Experience in the Desert. C．A Project from Seeds to Sales. D．A Dream of Giving Vegetables. 08（2024·山东济宁·中考真题） 32．What should you do if you find a baby bird hurt? A．Just leave it there. B．Call the animal center. C．Put it back to its nest. D．Feed it with healthy food. 33．Why should you do nothing about an unhurt baby bird with feathers? A．Because you might hurt it. B．Because it is learning to fly. C．Because it is afraid of people D．Because its mother will find it soon. 34．Which of the following is TRUE about mother birds? A．They don’t care about their babies. B．They push their babies out of their nest. C．They don’t mind the smell of people on their babies. D．They will give up their babies if there’s smell of people on them. 35．Where do you most probably find this passage? A．In a newspaper. B．In an engineer’s diary. C．In a tourist guide book. D．In a student’s notebook. 09（2024·山东日照·中考真题） When you take the subway, you might notice many people, old and young, listening to audiobooks instead of reading paper books. Audiobooks have become quite popular these days. Why are more and more people choosing audiobooks over traditional books? Is listening to an audiobook just as good as reading a paper book? You need to find time available and a quiet place to sit down and read. However, you can listen to audiobooks anytime and anywhere you like, and it gives your eyes a break, too. But the big question is, do we get as much knowledge from audiobooks as we do from paper books? Researchers did an experiment to find the answer. Volunteers in Group One were asked to listen to an audiobook while volunteers in Group Two read a book of the same content (内容). It turned out that they recalled as much information, whether they listened to or read it. Another study from The Journal of Neuroscience further supported the result above. In the study, researchers scanned (扫描) people’s brains when they listened to and read books. The result showed that listening to audiobooks activated (激活) almost the same parts of the brain as reading did. However, some people still believe that they learn better from reading paper books. One reason might be that when we listen to audiobooks, we are often doing some other tasks at the same time. “If you’re trying to learn while doing two things, you’ re not going to learn as well,” Daniel Willingham, a researcher at the University of Virginia, told The New York Times. 36．Why are more and more people choosing audiobooks over paper books? A．They are easier to take. B．They offer choices in content. C．They improve people’s eyesight. D．They free people in time and place. 37．What did researchers find in the study? A．People recalled more information from reading paper books. B．Listening activated different parts of the brain from reading. C．People can read and listen to the same content at the same time. D．Listening makes no difference in recalling information from reading. 38．What can we infer from the text? A．People need to stay focused while reading. B．People often do other tasks while listening. C．People actually learn better from audiobooks. D．People have to activate the brain to learn better. 39．How is the text organized? (①=Paragraph 1,②=Paragraph 2,…) A． B． C． D． 10（2024·山东日照·中考真题） Best Theatres in London Sondheim Theatre Set up in 1970, it has been one of the most popular theatres in London that house some famous plays, one of which is Les Miserables that has been continuously performed there up to now. Inside there are 3 coffee bars. Website: www.sondheimtheatre.co.ukLyceum Theatre Since 1765, it has been hosting different activities over the year and has been closed and reopened several times. And it has been home of The Lion King for over 18 years. It also has bars, Wi-fi, and a shop that sells theatre goods. Website: www.thelyceumtheatre.comPrince Edward Theatre Built in 1929, it is home to some of the best-known plays and performances in the history of London theatre, like Peter Pan, Jersey Boys, and Anything Goes. It offers friendly service for the disabled. It has 5 coffee bars to choose from. Website: www.princeedwardtheatre.co.ukShakespeare’s Globe It is a world-famous culture theatre, where you can enjoy Hamlet, Romeo and Juliet, King Henry IV... any play by Shakespeare in the open air. Being a good place for the whole family, it offers a lot of activities—workshops, storytelling meetings and story tours, which both children and adults would love. Website: www.shakespearesglobe.com 40．Which play will you enjoy if you go to Lyceum Theatre? A．Anything Goes. B．The Lion King. C．Les Miserables. D．Romeo and Juliet. 41．Which would the disabled choose to go to? A．Sondheim Theatre. B．Prince Edward Theatre. C．Lyceum Theatre. D．Shakespeare’s Globe. 42．Where can a family book the tickets for a play in the open air? A．www.sondheimtheatre.co.uk B．www.thelyceumtheatre.com C．www.shakespearesglobe.com D．www.princeedwardtheatre.co.uk 11（2024·山东日照·中考真题） Sounds from human activities spread across the ocean, causing much trouble to ocean animals. However, according to a new study, climate change might influence how sound travels through the water. Human-caused climate change influences the ocean in many ways, such as changing its temperature, salt level, and acidity (酸度). For example, when the water becomes more acidic, it can’t take in certain sounds. So those sounds travel further, adding to the noise in some areas. However, this effect (影响) is not as big as other changes. Changes like temperature and salt level can affect how the ocean’s different layers (层) mix. That, in turn, affects how sound travels. Researchers used computers to model how those changes influence noise levels across the ocean. They compared the models of the world now to those of the world in about 70 years if climate change continues. In the North Atlantic, they saw an increase in sound levels in the upper 125 meters of the Ocean. This was caused mostly by ice melting (融化) from Greenland, forming a cold layer of water near the Ocean’s surface. When sound travels through water, it turns toward the coldest layer. This made sound waves get stuck in the cold top layer and spread further out across the water instead of traveling deeper. As a result, the sound became louder at this depth in the North Atlantic. The rising noise levels in the Atlantic Ocean are worrying as they could disturb animals’ communication, hunting and travelling. Sharks already avoid loud ships, but with noise levels increasing everywhere, what will happen? 43．What has a bigger effect on ocean noise? A．Sea level. B．Wind speed. C．Water temperature. D．Ocean acidity. 44．How did researchers carry out the study? A．By modeling changes in ocean noise levels. B．By finding areas with increasing ocean noise. C．By doing field research in the North Atlantic. D．By comparing today’s ice size to that of the future. 45．What do we know about the sound traveling through water? A．It can be easily blocked by ice. B．It can get stuck by the seaside. C．It goes towards the colder areas. D．It travels faster in the deep ocean. 46．What is the main idea of the text? A．Ice melting brings changes to water level. B．Some ocean animals keep away from ships. C．The more the ocean is acidic, the more sounds it takes in. D．Climate change may influence the way sounds travel in the ocean. 12（2024·山东菏泽·中考真题） A Chinese song contest (比赛) for overseas Chinese was held in London on Sunday. It was organized by the London Chinatown Chinese Association. Twenty competitors were divided into three age groups: adults (18-40), juniors (12-17) and children (5-11). The contest awarded one gold, one silver and one bronze prize for each group. The winners will attend the final contest in Beijing this summer. In a welcome speech, Jiang Lei, consul general of the Chinese Embassy (中国大使馆总领事) in the UK, said the contest is a great platform to show the talents of overseas Chinese and promote (弘扬) traditional Chinese culture. “2024 marks the Year of the Dragon. It’s especially meaningful for overseas Chinese to get together and sing Chinese songs. I believe that these young competitors will move from today’s small stage to larger ones in the future,” she said. Jacky Zhao, a 15-year-old boy, got a silver prize. “It was my first stage performance here, which I think can help me get used to the life in the UK,” he said. Li Siyu, in a traditional Chinese horse-face skirt, performed the song Qingming Shanghe Tu. By mixing classical Chinese dance and Peking opera into her performance, Li successfully showed the beauty of the traditional Chinese culture to the world. The contest has been held for 14 years since 2011. More than 45,000 competitors from around the world attended it. It has become one of the most popular cultural events for overseas Chinese. 47．Which age group did Jacky Zhao come from? A．Adults. B．Juniors. C．Children. 48．What is the main purpose of the contest? A．To raise money for children. B．To sing Qingming Shanghe Tu. C．To promote traditional Chinese culture. 49．Which of the following best shows the structure (结构) of the passage? (P1=Paragraph 1…) A． B． C． 50．What could be the best title for the passage? A．A Chinese Song Contest in London B．A Traditional Chinese Horse-face Skirt C．A Final Chinese Song Contest in Beijing 13（2024·山东济宁·中考真题） Sometimes when the rain falls hard and fast on you, it might hurt a little. But what happens when it hits a mosquito (蚊子)? In 2012, David Hu, a scientist at Georgia Tech, became interested in this problem and decided to do a research. He used a high-speed camera so that he could watch the mosquitoes in very slow motion and find out what they’re doing when they’re out in the rain. What he found is that when a raindrop falls on a mosquito, it’s like when a bus hits a person. Besides, the little insect (昆虫) is hit by a raindrop about once every 20 seconds. So why don’t we see many dead mosquitoes after it rains? A mosquito is as big as a raindrop, but it is much lighter —0.002g only. This saves its life in raindrop hits. Because the mosquito is so light, when it is hit by a raindrop, it won’t experience a force that is strong enough to kill it. The study also found that when a mosquito is hit by a raindrop, the insect is pushed by the raindrop and falls together with it. But the mosquito doesn’t get wet easily because it is covered with hairs which keep off water. After dropping about 6 cm, it will roll off the raindrop and fly away. However, this trick isn’t always successful. If the mosquito flies too low when it is hit by the raindrop, it won’t have time to fly off. Then it will hit the ground and meet its death. 51．What does the underlined word “motion” mean? A．Time. B．Movie. C．Step. D．Movement. 52．What protect mosquitoes in the rain? A．Their mouths and their noses. B．Their eyes and their ears. C．Their legs and their wings. D．Their body weight and their hairs. 53．When is it dangerous for a mosquito in the rain? A．When it flies too close to the ground. B．When the rain falls too hard and too fast. C．When it is hit by raindrops too many times. D．When it drops for more than 6 cm in the rain. 54．Which of the following is a proper title for the passage? A．How Raindrops Hurt Mosquitoes B．When Mosquitoes Are in Danger C．Why Mosquitoes Aren’t Hurt in Rain D．When Mosquitoes Meet Their Death 14（2024·山东临沂·中考真题） It can be really embarrassed if someone sees you talking to yourself. But don’t feel bad about it! Talking to yourself actually has a lot of advantages. You probably know that thinking is good for the brain. It helps us do things like making plans and managing our feelings. Talking to yourself loud is like showing this quiet inner (内在的) speech. It can help us do better in different areas like school, sports and work. Talking to yourself, especially in the third person, can help us manage bad feelings. “Talking to yourself in the third person is like giving yourself advice,” said Jason Moser, a professor (教授) from Michigan State University, US. Moser uses himself in an example. He does not like flying, but he has to fly often for his work. So when he is feeling nervous or afraid during a flight (航班), he talks to himself. “Well, you know, Jason knows air travel is very safe. And Jason has been on thousands of flights.” This can help us to see things from a different aspect (角度), especially when we’re feeling sad or angry. When encouragement comes from oneself, it adds to self-confidence. A study invited 72 tennis players to take part in some matches. Researchers (调查者) put the players into two groups: one group that said nothing while playing, and the other that talked to themselves while playing. They found that the self-talkers showed more confidence and played better than those in the silent group. Self-talk also helps to improve memory. Researchers tested four different ways to memorize things: reading silently, reading aloud, listening to someone else read and listening to a recording of oneself reading. Those who read out loud recalled the information the best, researchers said in their study. It’s because the information will probably become a long-term memory if it is said out loud. 55．What does the underlined word “It” refer to (指代) in Paragraph 2? A．Talking to yourself. B．The brain. C．Thinking. 56．How does the writer show his opinion in Paragraph 3? A．By listing numbers. B．By giving an example. C．By comparing himself with others. 57．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 4? A．Talking to yourself helps to find out the best players. B．Talking to yourself helps to improve players’ talking skills. C．Talking to yourself helps to make you more confident. 58．Which of the following best shows the structure (结构) of the passage? (P =Paragraph) A． B． C． 15（2024·山东菏泽·中考真题） Orangutan means “person of the forest” in the Malay language. Orangutans are great apes (猿). Wild orangutans live on two islands—Sumatra and Borneo in Southeast Asia. Orangutans have long and powerful arms, fingers and toes. These help them climb and swing between trees in the rainforest. Orangutans mostly eat fruit. They also eat leaves, flowers, and sometimes insects. Over 300 different types of food have been found in their diet. Orangutans play a very important role in spreading fruit and plant seeds in the forest. This helps to keep their rainforest home healthy. Orangutans are smart and intelligent. They create and use tools to get seeds from fruit. They also use tools to catch insects from the insides of trees. Orangutans memorize the rainforest where they live. This helps them know which trees have ripe (成熟的) fruit. They build a sleeping nest each night made of branches (树枝) and leaves. However, orangutans are in great danger. Scientists say that there are less than 62, 000 orangutans remaining in the wild. Young orangutans are sometimes caught and sold as pets. Orangutans are also hunted for food. The biggest problem is that orangutans are losing their homes. Millions of rainforests are cut down each year for palm oil (棕榈油). Palm oil can be used to make candy bars, cookies, shampoos, soaps, and pet food. Most of the palm oil produced in the world is from Sumatra and Borneo. Wildlife organizations are working hard to help protect the remaining rainforests. If the rainforests disappear, orangutans will disappear forever. 59．What are orangutans? A．Rainforests. B．Great apes. C．Islands. 60．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．Why orangutans create and use tools. B．Where orangutans build a sleeping nest. C．How smart and intelligent orangutans are. 61．Which is the main reason why orangutans are in great danger? A．Orangutans are caught as pets. B．People hunt orangutans for food. C．Millions of rainforests are cut down. 62．In which section of a website can we probably read the passage? A．Fantastic Wildlife. B．Modern Technology. C．Famous People. 16（2024·山东东营·中考真题） We’ve all seen pictures of camels carrying heavy loads (负载物) across the sandy desert. They walk without stopping for food or water for several days. Have you ever wondered how they do it? For your answer, take a look at the bag round hump which is on a camel’s back. Camels are the only animals with humps. And it’s the hump that gives camels the amazing ability to go for long periods of time without food or water. The hump is like a spare cupboard (备用食物柜) where the camel stores (储存) food and water for days when there is nothing to eat or drink. When life is good, and there is plenty to eat and drink, a camel’s hump can grow to as big as 40 kilograms. The food is changed into fat (脂防) and stored in the camel’s bump. When there is nothing to eat or drink, camels begin to use the stored fat in their humps. That’s why they can continue to live for weeks without food and up to 10 days without water. Camels are like sponges. They can take in more than 130 litres of water in one short drink. In only a few minutes, all of this water goes directly to the camel’s blood cells (组胞). Camels save water too. They never know when they’ll find the next watering hole. As they breathe out, their noses close quickly. The water in the breath stays in their bodies. After a long trek across the desert carrying 100 kilograms or more, a camel can lose up to 150 kilograms of weight. The camel’s hump will become very small. As soon as this camel gets to an oasis (绿洲), it will take in hundreds of litres of water. In a day, it will get back most of its weight. Nature really has given camels the perfect system for living the hard desert life. 63．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The shape of the hump. B．The habit of the camel. C．The function (功能) of the hump. D．The ability of the camel 64．Which is TRUE about the hump? A．The hump stores different kinds of food. B．The hump always stays the same size. C．The hump can store more than 130 litres water. D．The weight of the hump depends on eating conditions. 65．What does the underlined word “sponges” mean? A．海绵 B．弹簧 C．水桶 D．吸管 66．Why docs the writer use some numbers in this passage? A．To explain the facts more clearly. B．To express the ideas more politely. C．To make the article more educational. D．To make the language more beautiful. 67．What does the writer mainly want to tell us? A．Camels have some amazing abilities. B．Camels are good helpers for desert people. C．Camels have a great quality of never wasting water. D．Camels have a perfect system for living in the desert. 17（2024·山东烟台·中考真题） A Long March 5 rocket took off from the Wenchang Space Launch Site in Hainan province on May 3, 2024. After flying for about 37 minutes, it successfully placed the Chang’e 6 robotic lunar probe (月球探测器) into an Earth-moon transfer trajectory (转移轨道). Several days later the probe was programmed to land on the moon’s far side and started its tasks, which would last about 53 days. This is the world’s first try to bring samples (样本) from the moon’s far side. For China, it’s the second sample-return moon journey. Chang’e 5 successfully brought samples from the moon in the winter of 2020. Up to now, 10 moon sample-return tasks have been carried out by the United States, the former Soviet Union (前苏联) and China, but all these samples were collected from the moon’s near side. The moon’s far side has always been a subject of scientific wonder because of its many mysteries. It’s facing away from Earth and it can never be seen from Earth. It was once called the “dark side of the moon” even though it receives just as much sunlight as the near side. Chinese researchers have found that the soil on the far side is much thicker than that on the near side, but they haven’t found out the reason. Samples brought back by Chang’e 5 have helped scientists find that there were volcanic (火山的) activities on the near side around 2 billion years ago. Some scientists thought maybe volcanoes became inactive on the far side about 4 billion years ago. Is it true? Samples from the far side will allow them to know the answer. “Comparing the make-up of the far side samples from Chang’e 6 with those collected from the near side will be of great scientific value to the international community,” said Martin Sweeting, a famous professor of space engineering. 68．When did Chang’e 6 begin to work on the moon? A．On May 3, 2024. B．After flying for about 37 minutes. C．In the winter of 2020. D．After landing on the moon’s far side. 69．How many times has China got samples from the moon’s near side? A．Once. B．Twice. C．Five times. D．Ten times. 70．According to the passage, the moon’s far side ________. A．receives less sunlight than the near side B．has thicker soil compared with the near side C．can be seen from Earth with powerful cameras D．has more recent volcanic activities than the near side 71．What can we learn from Martin Sweeting’s words? A．Chang’e 6 will stay longer on the moon for more tasks. B．Chang’e 6 is carrying out a valuable task for the world. C．Chang’e 6 will bring samples from both sides of the moon. D．Chang’e 6 can compare samples before bringing them back. 18（2024·山东滨州·中考真题） Zigong, in Sichuan Province is home to Chinese lanterns. Zigong lantern is known as the best lantern in the world. The Zigong Lantern Festival dates back to the Tang Dynasty. The festival has rapidly developed with traditional culture and modern technologies. In 2008, the Zigong Lantern Festival was listed as a national intangible cultural heritage(国家级非物质文化遗产), becoming a shining name card for Chinese culture to go out into the world. “Making a huge lantern for exhibition requires 17 steps,” said Wan Songtao, an inheritor (传承人) of Zigong lantern-making. “Each step is finished by a team instead of a single maker.” Wan added. The sundial (日晷), a kind of lantern, made by Wan’s team, for example, took about 80 makers over 50 days to complete the whole process. Unlike the lanterns in other places, Zigong lanterns use modern technologies such as AI, mechanical engineering (机械工程), and holography (全息摄影术). They are perfect combinations (结合) of lights, sounds and movements. What’s more, the theme of the lantern can be chosen in different ways. “Anything that can be designed on a lantern can make a wonderful show, and everyone is encouraged to turn their ideas into real works,” said Zhang Fanglai, a leading researcher at the Colorful Lantern Museum of China. And the rich themes of Zigong lanterns show the spirit of creativity and warmth from the bottom of the local people’s heart. The government encourages local people to learn lantern-making widely. Without doubt, at the heart of the Zigong Lantern Festival’s success is the local tradition of pulling together. Zigong lanterns are getting more and more popular. Driven by the collective efforts of the whole city, they have reached over 80 countries. It’s believed that Zigong lanterns will reach every corner of the world in the future. 72．Which of the following poets could probably enjoy Zigong lanterns? A．Cao Cao. B．Li Bai. C．Tao Yuanming. D．Cao Zhi. 73．What can we infer(推断) from Paragraph 2? ①Holography is a kind of traditional technology. ②It’s hard for makers to complete a huge lantern for exhibition. ③Zigong lanterns are different from the lanterns in other places. ④The workers of Zigong lantern making work together in a team. A．①②③ B．①④ C．②③④ D．②③ 74．According to the passage, what’s Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The rich themes of Zigong lanterns. B．The long history of Zigong lanterns. C．The excellent inheritors of Zigong lanterns. D．The modern technologies of Zigong lanterns. 75．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．People in Zigong. B．Zigong lanterns. C．The makers of Zigong lanterns. D．Many museums. 76．Which of the following best shows the structure of this passage? （①=Paragraph1, ②=Paragraph 2...） A． B． C． D． 19（2024·山东滨州·中考真题） As a country powerful in math, China has many folk games full of math wisdom (智慧). You may play many of them before. Let’s take a look at three of them. Chinese nine linked rings puzzleIt’s believed that the nine linked rings puzzle was created in the Western Han Dynasty. And it is usually made up of nine rings connected to a handle (手柄). Players have to remove (移除) all the rings from the handle to win the game. This is not a simple game. The solution takes 341 moves, so lots of patience is required. But if you learn to solve it, it’s hard to forget. TangramFirst popular in the Ming and Qing dynasties, the tangram is a puzzle made up of seven pieces of different shapes. For each puzzle, players need to use all the pieces to make a shape. To do it, they have to know about geometry (几何学). In the 18th century, the tangram was brought to the West and soon became popular there. Luban lockThe Luban lock was first created by Lu Ban 2,000 years ago. The lock has a lot to do with solid geometry (立体几何). It’s hard to separate the six pieces. However, it is usually easier to unlock a Luban lock than to put it back together. Now, there are Luban locks made up of nine or more pieces. 77．Which of the following subjects do the three folk games have to do with? A．English. B．Music. C．Math. D．Chemistry. 78．_________ is first popular in the Ming and Qing dynasties. A．Tangram B．Luban lock C．Chinese nine linked rings puzzle D．Nine-square Grid 79．From the passage we can learn that _________. A．there are Luban locks made up of only six pieces now B．the tangram was brought to the West in the 19th century C．it is usually more difficult to unlock a Luban lock than to put it back together D．players have to remove nine rings from the handle to win the nine linked rings puzzle 80．Where can you probably read the passage? A．In a story book. B．In a science book. C．In a travel magazine. D．In a sports magazine. 81．The writer wrote the passage mainly to _________. A．explain the ways to learn math B．share his skills of playing folk games C．tell us the importance of learning math well D．introduce folk games with math wisdom in China 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$