考点串讲03 由关系代词引导的限制性定语从句（精讲精练）-2024-2025学年高一英语上学期期中考点大串讲（译林版2020）

专题03由关系代词引导的限制性定语从句(考点串讲) 一、定义 在主从复合句中，对某一名词、代词或名词短语起修饰作用的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词、代词或名词短语叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。由关系代词引导的限制性定语从句。对所修饰的对象加以限制，表示“……的(人)”或“……的(物)”。从句不可去掉，一旦去掉主句的意思则不完整。关系词分为关系代词(that，which，who，whom，whose，as等)和关系副词(when，where，why等)两类。 二、关系代词 关系代词 指代 在定从中所做成分 是否可省略 that 人；物 主语；宾语 作宾语可省 which 物 主语；宾语 作宾语可省 who 人 主语；宾语 作宾语可省 whom 人 宾语 可省 whose 人；物 定语 不可省 as 人；物 主语；宾语；表语 不可省 1. who的用法 The person who talked to me was one of my classmates. (指人， 作主语) 和我说话的那个人是我的一个同学。 The headmaster is the man (who) I respect very much. (指人， 作宾语，可以省略) 校长就是我非常尊重的那个人。 2. whom的用法 Jack is the person (who/whom) you should care about. (whom指人， 作宾语，可以省略,可以用who 替代) 杰克是你应该关心的人。 The old man to whom a medal is awarded is very inspiring. (指人， 作宾语，可以省略，不可以用who 替代) 这位被授予奖章的老人非常鼓舞人心。 3. which的用法 The plane is a machine which can fly. (which 指物,作主语) 飞机是一种会飞的机器。 The gold medal (which) she won has been given to her old school. (which 指物,作宾语，可以省略) 她赢得的那块金牌已经被送给她的母校了。 4. that的用法 The number of people that/who come to visit the city reaches one million every year. (that 指人,作主语) 每年来参观这个城市的人数达到了一百万。 The report (that) Mr Turner handed in was about the motor race. (that 指物,作宾语，可以省略) 特纳先生递交的报告是关于摩托车比赛的。 He doesn’t seem to be the man that he was ten years ago. (that 指人,作表语) 他看起来已经不是十年前的样子了。 5. whose的用法 He lives in the room whose window faces south.(whose指物，在从句中修饰名词，作定语) 他住在窗户朝南的那个房间。 This is the scientist whose name is known all over the country. (whose指人，在从句中修饰名词，作定语) 这就是那位闻名全国的科学家。 [名师点睛] whose指人时，常用下列结构来代替： I will talk to those students whose homework hasn’t been done on schedule. ＝I will talk to those students，the homework of whom hasn’t been done on schedule. ＝I will talk to those students，of whom the homework hasn’t been done on schedule. 我将和那些没按时完成作业的学生谈话。 三、关系词只能用that而不用which的情况 1. 当先行词是all，little，much，something，anything，everything，nothing等不定代词时。 All that can be done has been done. 一切能做的都已经做了。 2. 当先行词被all，every，any，little，much，the only，the very，the right，the last，just等修饰时。 Music is the only thing that interests me. 音乐是唯一令我感兴趣的东西。 You are the very person that we are looking for. 你就是我们要找的人。 3. 当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。 This is the most interesting story that I have ever read.这是我曾经读过的最有趣的故事。 4. 当先行词中既有人又有物时。 She described in her composition the people and places that impressed her most. 她在作文中描述了令她印象最深刻的一些人和地方。 5. 当先行词前面出现who，which等疑问代词时，为了避免重复，只能用that。 Who is the boy that is playing computer games there? 正在那里玩电脑游戏的那个男孩是谁？ [疑难点津]　关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句的谓语动词要和先行词的数保持一致。 Those who are over 45 won’t be permitted to enter the hall. 超过45岁的人不允许进入这个大厅。 [名师点睛] (1)“one of＋复数名词”作先行词，定语从句的谓语动词用复数形式；在肯定句中，“the only one of＋复数名词”作先行词，定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。 This is one of the books which were written by Charles Dickens. 这是查尔斯·狄更斯所写的书中的其中一本。 He is the only one of the boys in our class who has learned French. 他是我们班里唯一学过法语的男孩。 (2)为避免关系词的重复，被关系代词代替的成分不可在从句中重复出现。 This is the factory which we visited last Sunday.(visited后不可加it) 这就是我们上星期天参观的那家工厂。 单句语法填空 1．（2023-2024学年高一上·河北秦皇岛·期中）Jordan’s skills were impressive, but the mental strength he showed made him unique. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：乔丹的技术令人印象深刻，但他展现出的精神力量使他与众不同。此处为限定性定语从句，先行词是strength，指物，关系词在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that或which。 2．（2023-2024学年高一上·河北秦皇岛·期中）The Boys and Girls Club he started in Chicago has been helping young people since 1996. 【答案】which/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他在芝加哥创办的男孩女孩俱乐部自1996年以来一直在帮助年轻人。此处为定语从句修饰先行词The Boys and Girls Club，先行词在从句中作宾语，能用that或which引导从句。故填which/that。 3．（2023-2024学年高一上·江苏南通·期中）After school, there were many clubs to join. The one attracted me most was the Rugby Club. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：放学后，有很多俱乐部可以参加。最吸引我的是橄榄球俱乐部。此处为定语从句修饰先行词the one，在从句作主语，指物，只能用that引导。故填that。 4．（2023-2024学年高一上·江苏镇江·期中）The woman car was stolen last week has just received news that it was found by the police. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：上周汽车被偷的那位妇女刚刚收到消息，说她的车被警察找到了。空格处引导定语从句，先行词woman指人，与名词car是所属关系，使用关系代词whose在从句中作定语引导定语从句，故填whose。 5．（2023-2024学年高一上·福建泉州·期中）You are also somebody worries about getting sick. 【答案】who/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你也是一个担心生病的人。在定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为somebody，所以应用关系代词who或that。故填who/that。 6．（2023-2024学年高一上·山东聊城·期中）On social media sites, people tend (post) only positive updates make them appear happy and friendly. 【答案】 to post that 【详解】考查非谓语动词和定语从句。句意：在社交媒体网站上，人们倾向于只发布让自己看起来快乐和友好的积极更新。tend to do sth.为固定搭配，表示“倾向于做某事”，所以第一空应用动词不定式形式作宾语，第二空引导定语从句，修饰先行词only positive updates，先行词指物，关系词在从句中作主语，用that引导从句。故填①to post ②that。 7．（2023-2024学年高一上·山东青岛·期中）Ask people have studied overseas if the experience has helped them educationally and financially in the long run. 【答案】who/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：问问那些在海外学习过的人，从长远来看，这些经历是否在教育和经济方面对他们有所帮助。_________have studied overseas引导限制性定语从句，修饰people，指人，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用who/that引导定语从句，故填who/that。 8．（2023-2024学年高一上·山东青岛·期中）I will tell you all is mentioned in the story. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我将告诉你这个故事中提到的所有事情。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词all，指物，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用that引导定语从句，因当先行词是all，little，few，everything，nothing，anything等不定代词时，只能用that来引导定语从句。故填that。 9．（2023-2024学年高一上·广东·期中）The couple live next to us volunteered to help after the earthquake struck the area. 【答案】who/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：地震袭击这个地区后，住在我们隔壁的那对夫妇自愿帮忙。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填定语从句的引导词，The couple是先行词，指人，空格处在定语从句中作主语，所以应用关系代词who或that，故填who或that。 10．（2023-2024学年高一上·广东东莞·期中）I caught sight of the house roof was blown away by the typhoon last night. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句的引导词。句意：昨晚我看见了那座屋顶被台风刮走的房子。设空处引导定语从句，先行词为house，作定语修饰名词roof应用关系代词whose。故填whose。 单句语法填空 1．（2024-2025学年高一上·江苏盐城·开学考试）Do you know the person and things they are talking about. 2．（2024-2025学年高一上·江苏盐城·开学考试）We felt it a pity that the research team failed to find such a plant had been described in the botanist’s diary. 3．（2024-2025学年高一上·江苏盐城·开学考试）The old man is so hard-working a gardener quite a few gardens want to hire as a full-time worker. 4．（2024-2025学年高一上·江苏盐城·开学考试）Mary is no longer the girl she used to be. 5．（2024-2025学年高一上·江苏盐城·开学考试）Those want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. 6．（2024-2025学年高一上·安徽六安·开学考试）In this article, we will talk about a particular type of comfort food power mainly lies in the associations it calls to mind. 7．（2024-2025学年高一上·河南平顶山·阶段练习）People live in the country say that city life is stressful because of all the noise and traffic, but I like being in the middle of things. 8．After graduation, he joined the very organization was set up to help the seniors. 9．The greatest danger sailors have to face is probably fog. 10．The teacher is talking to the student homework hasn’t been turned in. 11．（2024-2025学年高一上·江苏·单元测试）April 1st is the day is called April Fool’s Day in the West. 12．（2024-2025学年高一上·江苏·单元测试）The reason you gave an account of is not believable, so I am still feeling curious about the reason you were absent from today’s assembly. 13．（2024-2025学年高一上·江苏·单元测试）Gone are the days I spent studying with my best friend Tom in the UK. 14．（2024-2025学年高一上·江苏·单元测试）There is a newly-built factory in the neighborhood will produce electronic toys. 15．Potential is your natural ability can be developed when you try hard enough. 16．When I was an awkward primary school student, she was the popular girl was willing to make friends with me. 17．The monument was the first place they went to visit while they were in China. 18．However, for those are dangerously overweight, it is very important that they try to lose weight properly. 19．I don’t like the way he spoke to his mother. 20．He is such a good boy everyone likes. 21．I have a preference for the rooms windows face the beautiful lake. 22． We will talk about a particular type of comfort food power mainly lies in the associations it calls to mind. 23． This is the most interesting film I have ever seen. 24． The injured boy mother was lost in the disaster was sent to the hospital. 25． Soldiers were sent to dig out those were trapped. 26．Picasso is an artist paintings are recognized all around the world. 27． Workers built shelters for survivors homes had been destroyed. 28．If you're faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the only thing always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment(赞扬).   29．They are occasions allow us to relax and enjoy life, and forget about our work for a little while. 30．A company profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad. (用适当的词填空) 31．The next day, people put up shelters in the open air using anything they could find. 32．Chinese calligraphy is a kind of art importance has been widely valued. 33．Last spring in Yellowstone, I followed a path took me through a dark forest. 34．Finally he reached a lonely island was completely cut off from the outside world. 35．The first fruit of friendship is the peace comes from sharing with friends our joy, sadness, success and failure.   36．The first thing should be done is to work out a plan. 37．I’m a scientist studies animals such as apes and monkeys. 38．In ancient China lived an artist paintings were almost lifelike. 39．William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes from we can learn without repeating them. 40．I saw a man shouting at a driver car was blocking the street. 完成句子 1．奖品将授予故事最富想象力的作家。 The prize will go to the writer story shows the most imagination. 2．这是我读过的最好的一本书。 This is the best book I have ever read. 3．你的朋友也会影响你看待自己外表的方式。 Your friends also influence . 4．最吸引我的部分是这部电影的结尾。 was the ending of the film. 5．成功的一大秘诀就是以一种永不被耗尽的状态度过一生。 A great secret of success is to go through life as a man never gets used up. 6．住在那里的人有三分之二死亡或者受伤。(定语从句) Two thirds of the people were dead or injured. 7．I dislike . (你对待我的方式) 8．People (压力大的) may experience headaches and sleeping difficulties. 9．The reporter is interviewing (一位房子在地震中严重受损的女士). 10．The girl (正在表演的)on the stage has a gift for dance. 11．He was the sort of person (你可以信赖的). 12．Perhaps the best example is shown by UNESCO, (这个组织运作一个阻止……的项目，两个定语从句) world cultural heritage sites around the world from disappearing. 13．I agree with most of what you said, but I (并不同意你讲的一切). 14． (我所想到的解决这个问题的方法) prove to be practical.(way) 15．He works in (和……同一个办公室)I do. 16．I’m always attentive in all classes and think actively so that I can have more free time to do other things (我感兴趣的) after school. 17．I often listen to music (目前流行的). 18．他勇敢的心和坚定的信念能使他做出很多人做不到的事情。 His brave heart and strong faith could make him do something . 19．大学应该提供与未来职业相关的知识和技能。 Universities should provide knowledge and skills future careers. 句型转换 1．She lit a match and saw a Christmas tree. The tree was decorated very nicely. (用定语从句合并句子) 2．I like the book. The book tells a story about a little boy. I like the book a story about a little boy. 3．The man has left for New York. You borrowed the camera from him. (改写定语从句) 4．The first textbooks written for teaching as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.（改为含定语从句的复合句） →The first textbooks   came out in the 16th century. 5．The project team helped protect the national parks in the United Republic of Tanzania. It was formed by members from fifteen countries. →The project team . 6．He showed me a photo in his room. It was a photo of a famous cultural relic in Egypt. →The photo . 7．Ice sculptures (冰雕) attract many visitors. Ice sculptures (冰雕) are made by a young artist. (改写定语从句) 8．The fish isn’t fresh. We bought the fish yesterday. (改写定语从句) 9．I have ever seen the film and it is the most interesting film. (改写定语从句) 10．The person is Mr. Ball. You should ask him about the matter. (改写成含有定语从句的主从复合句) 11．The boys are my friends. The boys are playing football. (改写成含有定语从句的主从复合句) 12．The tree is quite tall. He is climbing it. (用定语从句合并句子) → . 13．The boy is my brother. He was here a minute ago. (用定语从句合并句子) → 14．I want to talk to the boys.Their homework hasn’t been handed in. (用定语从句合并句子) → 15．The train was late. It was going to Nanning. (用定语从句合并句子) → 22．The letter is from my sister. I received it yesterday. (用定语从句合并句子) → 16．The student’s article was published in the magazine. I know the student. (用定语从句合并句子) → 17．Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress. I lent her the new dress. (用定语从句合并句子) → 18．During school breaks, events like long-distance racing, rope skipping, badminton, and basketball were held separately. (将下面简单句转化为复合句) → 19．I don’t like the way she treated her students. (将句子中省略的部分补全) __________________________________________________________________ 20．The book that he borrowed yesterday is well worth reading. (用省略结构改写句子) → is well worth reading. 21．The man delivering the speech is so humorous. (用定语从句句型转换) ______________________________________________________________ 21．You referred to a man in the meeting yesterday. I want to know the man. （用定语从句合并句子） 22．My grandparents live in a house. It lies at the foot of the mountain. （用定语从句合并句子） 23．I have a friend. He likes listening to classical music.（用定语从句合并句子） 24．The professor recommended me a book. I found the book was very useful. I found the book that to me by the professor was very useful. (同义句转换) 25．You were playing some music. It sounded very familiar. (用定语从句把句子合并起来) → 26．The student’s calligraphy work was shown on the blackboard. I know the student. (用定语从句合并) __________________________________________________________________________________________ 27．My teachers arranged some homework in class. I have finished all the homework. (用定语从句合并句子) →I have finished all the homework . 28．The couple moved into an old room. The window of it was just opposite to a beautiful park. →The couple moved into an old room . 29．He is indeed a good partner. I got along quite well with him. （用定语从句合并句子） →He is indeed a good partner with . 30．I have ever seen the film. It is the most interesting film. (用定语从句合并句子) 31．The student’s article was published. I know the student. (用定语从句合并句子) 32．The man is captain of the team. His spoken English is very good.（合并定语从句） 33．The pen is broken. I do my homework with it every day. （用“介词＋which”引导的定语从句合并句子） 34．She wants to visit the village. Her mother likes it best. (用关系代词合并句子) _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 35．We met a professional archaeologist at the entrance to the Great Pyramid. He explained to us the process of building such a difficult structure. → The professional archaeologist .(Rewrite the sentences using relative clauses) ( 4 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题03由关系代词引导的限制性定语从句(考点串讲) 一、定义 在主从复合句中，对某一名词、代词或名词短语起修饰作用的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词、代词或名词短语叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。由关系代词引导的限制性定语从句。对所修饰的对象加以限制，表示“……的(人)”或“……的(物)”。从句不可去掉，一旦去掉主句的意思则不完整。关系词分为关系代词(that，which，who，whom，whose，as等)和关系副词(when，where，why等)两类。 二、关系代词 关系代词 指代 在定从中所做成分 是否可省略 that 人；物 主语；宾语 作宾语可省 which 物 主语；宾语 作宾语可省 who 人 主语；宾语 作宾语可省 whom 人 宾语 可省 whose 人；物 定语 不可省 as 人；物 主语；宾语；表语 不可省 1. who的用法 The person who talked to me was one of my classmates. (指人， 作主语) 和我说话的那个人是我的一个同学。 The headmaster is the man (who) I respect very much. (指人， 作宾语，可以省略) 校长就是我非常尊重的那个人。 2. whom的用法 Jack is the person (who/whom) you should care about. (whom指人， 作宾语，可以省略,可以用who 替代) 杰克是你应该关心的人。 The old man to whom a medal is awarded is very inspiring. (指人， 作宾语，可以省略，不可以用who 替代) 这位被授予奖章的老人非常鼓舞人心。 3. which的用法 The plane is a machine which can fly. (which 指物,作主语) 飞机是一种会飞的机器。 The gold medal (which) she won has been given to her old school. (which 指物,作宾语，可以省略) 她赢得的那块金牌已经被送给她的母校了。 4. that的用法 The number of people that/who come to visit the city reaches one million every year. (that 指人,作主语) 每年来参观这个城市的人数达到了一百万。 The report (that) Mr Turner handed in was about the motor race. (that 指物,作宾语，可以省略) 特纳先生递交的报告是关于摩托车比赛的。 He doesn’t seem to be the man that he was ten years ago. (that 指人,作表语) 他看起来已经不是十年前的样子了。 5. whose的用法 He lives in the room whose window faces south.(whose指物，在从句中修饰名词，作定语) 他住在窗户朝南的那个房间。 This is the scientist whose name is known all over the country. (whose指人，在从句中修饰名词，作定语) 这就是那位闻名全国的科学家。 [名师点睛] whose指人时，常用下列结构来代替： I will talk to those students whose homework hasn’t been done on schedule. ＝I will talk to those students，the homework of whom hasn’t been done on schedule. ＝I will talk to those students，of whom the homework hasn’t been done on schedule. 我将和那些没按时完成作业的学生谈话。 三、关系词只能用that而不用which的情况 1. 当先行词是all，little，much，something，anything，everything，nothing等不定代词时。 All that can be done has been done. 一切能做的都已经做了。 2. 当先行词被all，every，any，little，much，the only，the very，the right，the last，just等修饰时。 Music is the only thing that interests me. 音乐是唯一令我感兴趣的东西。 You are the very person that we are looking for. 你就是我们要找的人。 3. 当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。 This is the most interesting story that I have ever read.这是我曾经读过的最有趣的故事。 4. 当先行词中既有人又有物时。 She described in her composition the people and places that impressed her most. 她在作文中描述了令她印象最深刻的一些人和地方。 5. 当先行词前面出现who，which等疑问代词时，为了避免重复，只能用that。 Who is the boy that is playing computer games there? 正在那里玩电脑游戏的那个男孩是谁？ [疑难点津]　关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句的谓语动词要和先行词的数保持一致。 Those who are over 45 won’t be permitted to enter the hall. 超过45岁的人不允许进入这个大厅。 [名师点睛] (1)“one of＋复数名词”作先行词，定语从句的谓语动词用复数形式；在肯定句中，“the only one of＋复数名词”作先行词，定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。 This is one of the books which were written by Charles Dickens. 这是查尔斯·狄更斯所写的书中的其中一本。 He is the only one of the boys in our class who has learned French. 他是我们班里唯一学过法语的男孩。 (2)为避免关系词的重复，被关系代词代替的成分不可在从句中重复出现。 This is the factory which we visited last Sunday.(visited后不可加it) 这就是我们上星期天参观的那家工厂。 单句语法填空 1．（2023-2024学年高一上·河北秦皇岛·期中）Jordan’s skills were impressive, but the mental strength he showed made him unique. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：乔丹的技术令人印象深刻，但他展现出的精神力量使他与众不同。此处为限定性定语从句，先行词是strength，指物，关系词在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that或which。 2．（2023-2024学年高一上·河北秦皇岛·期中）The Boys and Girls Club he started in Chicago has been helping young people since 1996. 【答案】which/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他在芝加哥创办的男孩女孩俱乐部自1996年以来一直在帮助年轻人。此处为定语从句修饰先行词The Boys and Girls Club，先行词在从句中作宾语，能用that或which引导从句。故填which/that。 3．（2023-2024学年高一上·江苏南通·期中）After school, there were many clubs to join. The one attracted me most was the Rugby Club. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：放学后，有很多俱乐部可以参加。最吸引我的是橄榄球俱乐部。此处为定语从句修饰先行词the one，在从句作主语，指物，只能用that引导。故填that。 4．（2023-2024学年高一上·江苏镇江·期中）The woman car was stolen last week has just received news that it was found by the police. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：上周汽车被偷的那位妇女刚刚收到消息，说她的车被警察找到了。空格处引导定语从句，先行词woman指人，与名词car是所属关系，使用关系代词whose在从句中作定语引导定语从句，故填whose。 5．（2023-2024学年高一上·福建泉州·期中）You are also somebody worries about getting sick. 【答案】who/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你也是一个担心生病的人。在定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为somebody，所以应用关系代词who或that。故填who/that。 6．（2023-2024学年高一上·山东聊城·期中）On social media sites, people tend (post) only positive updates make them appear happy and friendly. 【答案】 to post that 【详解】考查非谓语动词和定语从句。句意：在社交媒体网站上，人们倾向于只发布让自己看起来快乐和友好的积极更新。tend to do sth.为固定搭配，表示“倾向于做某事”，所以第一空应用动词不定式形式作宾语，第二空引导定语从句，修饰先行词only positive updates，先行词指物，关系词在从句中作主语，用that引导从句。故填①to post ②that。 7．（2023-2024学年高一上·山东青岛·期中）Ask people have studied overseas if the experience has helped them educationally and financially in the long run. 【答案】who/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：问问那些在海外学习过的人，从长远来看，这些经历是否在教育和经济方面对他们有所帮助。_________have studied overseas引导限制性定语从句，修饰people，指人，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用who/that引导定语从句，故填who/that。 8．（2023-2024学年高一上·山东青岛·期中）I will tell you all is mentioned in the story. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我将告诉你这个故事中提到的所有事情。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词all，指物，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用that引导定语从句，因当先行词是all，little，few，everything，nothing，anything等不定代词时，只能用that来引导定语从句。故填that。 9．（2023-2024学年高一上·广东·期中）The couple live next to us volunteered to help after the earthquake struck the area. 【答案】who/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：地震袭击这个地区后，住在我们隔壁的那对夫妇自愿帮忙。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填定语从句的引导词，The couple是先行词，指人，空格处在定语从句中作主语，所以应用关系代词who或that，故填who或that。 10．（2023-2024学年高一上·广东东莞·期中）I caught sight of the house roof was blown away by the typhoon last night. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句的引导词。句意：昨晚我看见了那座屋顶被台风刮走的房子。设空处引导定语从句，先行词为house，作定语修饰名词roof应用关系代词whose。故填whose。 单句语法填空 1．（2024-2025学年高一上·江苏盐城·开学考试）Do you know the person and things they are talking about. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你知道他们谈论的人和事吗?分析句子可知，空格处为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词people and things，关系词代替先行词people and things在定语从句中作talking about后的宾语，应使用关系代词引导该定语从句；又因当先行词既指人又指物时，只能使用关系代词that引导定语从句。故填that。 2．（2024-2025学年高一上·江苏盐城·开学考试）We felt it a pity that the research team failed to find such a plant had been described in the botanist’s diary. 【答案】as 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们感到遗憾的是，研究小组未能找到植物学家日记中描述的那种植物。分析句子可知，这里引导定语从句，先行词为such a plant ，为物，在从句中作主语，且为such...as结构，‌用‌as‌引导定语从句，用来具体说明这个名词短语所描述的对象。故填as。 3．（2024-2025学年高一上·江苏盐城·开学考试）The old man is so hard-working a gardener quite a few gardens want to hire as a full-time worker. 【答案】as 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这位老人是一位非常勤奋的园丁，许多花园都想雇佣他做全职工人。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词a gardener，先行词指人，在定语从句中作hire的宾语，且前面有so，所以需要关系代词as引导该从句。故填as。 4．（2024-2025学年高一上·江苏盐城·开学考试）Mary is no longer the girl she used to be. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：玛丽不再是她曾经的那个女孩了。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句修饰先行词“the girl”，从句中缺表语，表示“过去的样子”，应用关系代词that。故填that。 5．（2024-2025学年高一上·江苏盐城·开学考试）Those want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：想去博物馆的人必须在明天早上7点到学校门口集合。空格处引导定语从句，修饰先行词those，在从句作主语，指人，故填who。 6．（2024-2025学年高一上·安徽六安·开学考试）In this article, we will talk about a particular type of comfort food power mainly lies in the associations it calls to mind. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在这篇文章中，我们将讨论一种特殊的安慰食物，它的力量主要在于它能唤起人们的联想。定语从句修饰先行词comfort food，在从句作定语，应用whose。故填whose。 7．（2024-2025学年高一上·河南平顶山·阶段练习）People live in the country say that city life is stressful because of all the noise and traffic, but I like being in the middle of things. 【答案】who/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：生活在乡下的人说，城市生活因为噪音和交通而充满压力，但我喜欢置身其中。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词people，先行词指人，引导词指代先行词，在从句中作主语，故用who或that引导定语从句。故填who/that。 8．After graduation, he joined the very organization was set up to help the seniors. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：毕业后，他加入了为帮助老年人而成立的组织。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是organization在从句中作主语，当先行词前有the very修饰时，只能用that引导。故填that。 9．The greatest danger sailors have to face is probably fog. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：水手们必须面对的最大危险可能是雾。空处引导限制性定语从句，即________ sailors have to face，修饰先行词danger，指物，且关系词在从句中作宾语，当先行词前有最高级修饰时，只能用that引导定语从句，故填that。 10．The teacher is talking to the student homework hasn’t been turned in. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：老师正在和那个没有交作业的学生谈话。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是“student”，关系词在从句中作定语，和“homework”之间是所属关系，应用关系代词whose引导，故填whose。 11．（2024-2025学年高一上·江苏·单元测试）April 1st is the day is called April Fool’s Day in the West. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：4月1日在西方被称为愚人节。分析句子可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词day，先行词指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which作引导词。故填that/which。 12．（2024-2025学年高一上·江苏·单元测试）The reason you gave an account of is not believable, so I am still feeling curious about the reason you were absent from today’s assembly. 【答案】 that/which why/for which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你所说的原因是不可信的，所以我仍然对你缺席今天大会的原因感到好奇。分析句子结构可知，两句话都包含了定语从句，先行词都是the reason. 第一空the reason 在定语从句中做you gave的宾语，所以用关系代词that或者which。第二空the reason在定语从句中做原因状语，所以用关系副词why 或者介词+which形式，即for which. 故填why或者for which. 13．（2024-2025学年高一上·江苏·单元测试）Gone are the days I spent studying with my best friend Tom in the UK. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我和我最好的朋友汤姆在英国学习的日子一去不复返了。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是days，在从句中作宾语，用that或者which引导。故填that或者which。 14．（2024-2025学年高一上·江苏·单元测试）There is a newly-built factory in the neighborhood will produce electronic toys. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：附近新建了一家生产电子玩具的工厂。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是“factory”，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导，故填that/which。 15．Potential is your natural ability can be developed when you try hard enough. 【答案】which/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：潜力是你天生的能力，只要你足够努力就能开发出来。分析句子可知，空处缺少关系词引导限制性定语从句，先行词为ability，作从句的主语，表示物，用关系代词which/that引导。故填which/that。 16．When I was an awkward primary school student, she was the popular girl was willing to make friends with me. 【答案】who/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：当我还是一个笨手笨脚的小学生时，她是一个很受欢迎的女孩，愿意和我交朋友。句中先行词为the popular girl，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who或that引导。故填who/that。 17．The monument was the first place they went to visit while they were in China. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：纪念碑是他们在中国时参观的第一个地方。该空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是place，指物，被the first修饰，关系词在从句中作宾语，用关系代词that，故填that。 18．However, for those are dangerously overweight, it is very important that they try to lose weight properly. 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：然而，对于那些超重到危险程度的人来说，适当地减肥是非常重要的。此处为定语从句，先行词为those，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who。故填who。 19．I don’t like the way he spoke to his mother. 【答案】that/in which/不填　 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我不喜欢他跟他妈妈说话的方式。分析可知空格处引导定语从句，先行词是way，表示“方式”，关系词在从句中作状语，故可用that/in which，关系词也可省略。故填that/in which/不填。 20．He is such a good boy everyone likes. 【答案】as 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他是大家都喜欢的好孩子。分析句子可知，此处为关系代词as引导的的定语从句，先行词a good boy在从句中作宾语成分，此外当先行词有such，so，as时，关系词应用as。故填as。 21．I have a preference for the rooms windows face the beautiful lake. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查限制性定语从句。句意：我更喜欢窗户对着美丽湖泊的房间。分析句子可知，空处引导一个限制性定语从句，代替先行词rooms，指物，并在从句中作定语修饰名词windows，所以填关系代词whose。故填whose。 22． We will talk about a particular type of comfort food power mainly lies in the associations it calls to mind. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们将讨论一种特殊类型的安慰食品，它的力量主要在于它能唤起人们的记忆。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词是 a particular type of comfort food ，空处是引导词，在从句中作定语，表示“它的”，用whose；故填whose。 23． This is the most interesting film I have ever seen. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是我曾经看过的最有趣的一部电影。此处为限定性定语从句，修饰先行词 film，先行词在从句中作宾语，且被形容词的最高级形式修饰，只能用关系代词that引导。故填that。 24． The injured boy mother was lost in the disaster was sent to the hospital. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：那个在灾难中失去母亲的受伤男孩被送往医院。空处引导定语从句，先行词是The injured boy，关系词在定语从句中作定语，需用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 25． Soldiers were sent to dig out those were trapped. 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：士兵们被派去挖出那些被困的人。分析可知，设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词those，关系词指代先行词在从句中作主语，指人，故填who。 26．Picasso is an artist paintings are recognized all around the world. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：毕加索是一位艺术家，他的画是全世界公认的。分析句式结构可知，此处是定语从句，先行词artist指人，再根据从句中的名词paintings可知，此处用关系代词whose作定语修饰paintings，表示所属关系。故填whose。 27． Workers built shelters for survivors homes had been destroyed. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：工人们为房屋被毁的幸存者建造了避难所。此处缺少定语从句引导词，先行词是survivors，定语从句中的homes是所属关系，应使用关系代词whose。故填whose。 28．If you're faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the only thing always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment(赞扬).   【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：如果你在晚宴上遭遇了尴尬的沉默，唯一能让大家再次交谈的方法就是赞美主人。该空所填词引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语，先行词指物且被the only修饰，只能用关系代词that引导该定语从句。故填that。 29．They are occasions allow us to relax and enjoy life, and forget about our work for a little while. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这些都是让我们放松，享受生活，忘记工作的场合。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，修饰occasions，从句中缺少主语，指物，用关系代词which或者that，故填that/which。 30．A company profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：如果一家公司在国内市场的利润正在下降，它可能会在国外寻找机会。此处是定语从句，先行词是A company，与从句主语profits from home markets形成所属关系，即“A company's profits from home markets”，作定语，用关系代词whose。故填whose。 31．The next day, people put up shelters in the open air using anything they could find. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：第二天，人们用他们能找到的任何东西在露天搭建避难所。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是不定代词anything，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作could find的宾语，应用关系代词that引导。故填that。 32．Chinese calligraphy is a kind of art importance has been widely valued. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：中国书法是一种艺术，其重要性已被广泛重视。定语从句修饰先行词calligraphy，关系词在从句作定语，应用whose。故填whose。 33．Last spring in Yellowstone, I followed a path took me through a dark forest. 【答案】that/which 【详解】 考查定语从句。句意：去年春天，在黄石公园，我沿着一条小路穿过了一片黑暗的森林。“　　____ took me through a dark forest”是定语从句，修饰先行词path，指物，关系词在从句中做主语， 应用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。 34．Finally he reached a lonely island was completely cut off from the outside world. 【答案】which/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：最终他到达了一个孤岛上，这个孤岛与外界完全隔绝。________was completely cut off from the outside world.是从句，先行词是a lonely island，先行词是物，在定语从句中用作主语，故填which/that。 35．The first fruit of friendship is the peace comes from sharing with friends our joy, sadness, success and failure.   【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：友谊的第一个果实是和平，它来自与朋友分享我们的快乐、悲伤、成功和失败。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词peace，指物，且关系词在主句中作主语，应用关系代词that/which引导定语从句，故填that/which。 36．The first thing should be done is to work out a plan. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：应该做的第一件事是制定一个计划。分析句子可知，设空处在句中引导一个定语从句，修饰前面的名词thing，从句中缺少主语，先行词表示物，且先行词前面有序数词first修饰，此处应用that引导。故填that。 37．I’m a scientist studies animals such as apes and monkeys. 【答案】who/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我是一名研究动物的科学家，比如猿和猴子。空格处引导限定性定语从句，对先行词scientist进行限定说明，关系词在从句中作主语，指人，应该用关系代词that或who。故填that/who。 38．In ancient China lived an artist paintings were almost lifelike. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：中国古代有一位画家，他的画几乎栩栩如生。此处为定语从句修饰先行词artist，且先行词在从句中作定语，故应用关系代词whose。故填whose。 39．William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes from we can learn without repeating them. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：威廉·黑斯蒂曾经提出，历史告诉我们过去的错误，我们可以从中吸取教训，而不必重蹈覆辙。分析可知，空处引导定语从句，关系词指代先行词past mistakes并在从句中作介词from的宾语，故填which。 40．I saw a man shouting at a driver car was blocking the street. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我看见一个男人对着一个司机大喊，因为他的车挡住了路。句中先行词为driver，在定语从句中作名词car的定语，所以用关系代词whose引导。根据句意，故填whose。 完成句子 1．奖品将授予故事最富想象力的作家。 The prize will go to the writer story shows the most imagination. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。分析句子可知，此处是限定性定语从句。先行词为the writer ，关系词在从句中作定语，故用关系代词whose引导定语从句。故填whose。 2．这是我读过的最好的一本书。 This is the best book I have ever read. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。分析句子结构，空处引导一个定语从句，修饰先行词book，且先行词前有形容词最高级the best修饰，所以应用that引导。故填that。 3．你的朋友也会影响你看待自己外表的方式。 Your friends also influence . 【答案】the way that/in which/you view your physical appearance 【详解】考查定语从句。表示“方式”应用the way；表示“你”应用you；表示“看待”应用view，陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为you，谓语动词用原形；表示“你的外表”应用your physical appearance；将“你看待自己的”处理为定语从句，先行词the way在定语从句中作方式状语，需用that/in which/不填引导。故填the way that/in which/you view your physical appearance。 4．最吸引我的部分是这部电影的结尾。 was the ending of the film. 【答案】What attracted me most/ The part that attracted me most 【详解】考查主语从句、定语从句和时态。结合“was”可知，使用一般过去时；表示“吸引”应用attract；表示“部分”应用part；表示“最吸引我的部分”应用what attracted me most，what引导主语从句，在从句中作主语；也可以使用the part that attracted me most，that引导定语从句，修饰先行词part，that在从句中作主语。故填What attracted me most/ The part that attracted me most。 5．成功的一大秘诀就是以一种永不被耗尽的状态度过一生。 A great secret of success is to go through life as a man never gets used up. 【答案】who/that 【详解】考查定语从句引导词。根据汉语并结合英文句子分析可知，“______ never gets used up”为之前名词“a man”的定语从句，先行词在从句中作主语，用关系代词who/that引导从句。故填who/that。 6．住在那里的人有三分之二死亡或者受伤。(定语从句) Two thirds of the people were dead or injured. 【答案】 who/that lived there 【详解】考查定语从句和时态。根据中英文提示，空处为“住在那里的”，可用定语从句，修饰the people，从句中作主语，指人，可用关系代词who或者that，live“居住”，there“在那里”，作状语，根据句意和下文的were可知，描述过去的事情用一般过去时，故填who/that lived there。 7．I dislike . (你对待我的方式) 【答案】the way you treat me 【详解】考查定语从句。表示“你对待我的方式”，使用核心名词the way作宾语；使用关系词that或in which you treat me作定语修饰名词he way，关系词在从句中指代先行词the way在从句中做状语也可省略。故填the way you treat me。 8．People (压力大的) may experience headaches and sleeping difficulties. 【答案】who are under a lot of stress/that are under a lot of stress/under a lot of stress 【详解】考查时态，固定短语或定语从句。句意：压力大的人可能会经历头痛和睡眠困难。句子陈述事实，句子时态用一般现在时；根据汉语提示“压力大的”可知，可以使用定语从句修饰先行词People，使用主系表结构，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语用who/that引导定语从句，be动词用are；介词短语under a lot of stress作表语；也可以省略从句中的who/that are，用介词短语作后置定语修饰名词People，符合句意。故填who/that are under a lot of stress/under a lot of stress。 9．The reporter is interviewing (一位房子在地震中严重受损的女士). 【答案】a woman whose house was badly damaged in the earthquake 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：记者正在采访一位房子在地震中严重受损的女士。根据汉语提示，句子中“房子在地震中严重受损”是对“女士”的修饰，应用定语从句。先行词是a woman，关系词用whose引导，表示“……的”，从句中主语是house，谓语是was severely damaged in the earthquake。故填a woman whose house was severely damaged in the earthquake。 10．The girl (正在表演的)on the stage has a gift for dance. 【答案】who is performing 【详解】考查定语从句。空白处需要一个定语从句来修饰先行词“The girl”。根据汉语提示“正在表演的”，应使用现在进行时。在定语从句中，关系代词“who”指代先行词“The girl”，在从句中做主语，“perform”是动词，“正在表演”用现在进行时“be + 现在分词”的形式，主语是“The girl”，be 动词用“is”，故填 who is performing。 11．He was the sort of person (你可以信赖的). 【答案】you could depend on 【详解】考查定语从句和动词短语。句意：他是那种你可以信赖的人。“你可以信赖的”是修饰person的成分，可用关系代词who或that引导限制性定语从句，从句中主语“你”用代词you，结合主句中的“was”可知，“可以”应用情态动词could，“信赖”可用动词短语depend on，位于情态动词后的动词depend应用原形，且因为先行词person在从句中作宾语，关系代词可省略。故填you could depend on。 12．Perhaps the best example is shown by UNESCO, (这个组织运作一个阻止……的项目，两个定语从句) world cultural heritage sites around the world from disappearing. 【答案】which runs a program that prevents/which runs a programme that prevents 【详解】考查定语从句、动词和名词。句意：也许最好的例子是联合国教科文组织，它运作一个阻止世界各地的世界文化遗产消失的项目。根据所给提示可知，空处含非限制性定语从句，对先行词UNESCO作补充说明，先行词指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which作引导词，谓语“运作”可用动词run，且此处介绍通常性的事实，时态宜用一般现在时，主语为单数，run应用第三人称单数形式，宾语“一个项目”可用名词a program/programme；“阻止……的”是修饰program/programme的成分，可用关系代词引导定语从句，该先行词指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that作引导词，谓语“阻止”应用动词prevent，构成固定短语prevent…from…，且此处也介绍通常性的事实，时态宜用一般现在时，主语为单数，prevent也应用第三人称单数形式。故填which runs a program/programme that prevents。 13．I agree with most of what you said, but I (并不同意你讲的一切). 【答案】don’t agree with everything that you said 【详解】考查动词时态和定语从句。句意：我同意你说的大部分，但我不同意你说的全部。空处表示“并不同意你讲的一切”，根据前一句中agree with可知，句子为一般现在时，主语为I，助动词用don’t表示否定，“同意一切”译为agree with everything，表示“你讲的”为定语从句修饰先行词everything，译为you said，表示过去所说，用一般过去时，先行词为不定代词，作从句said宾语，用关系代词that引导从句。故填don’t agree with everything that you said。 14． (我所想到的解决这个问题的方法) prove to be practical.(way) 【答案】The way I thought of to solve the problem 【详解】考查定语从句以及动词不定式。句意：事实证明，我想的解决这个问题的方法是切实可行的。分析句子可知，本句的主语是“我所想到的解决这个问题的方法”，“方法”的英文是way，“我所想到的”是一个定语从句，修饰“方法”， 引导词是that或which，关系词在定语从句中作宾语，可以省略；“想到”的英文是think of，因为本句的时态是一般过去时，所以think of要用过去式thought of；“解决这个问题”的英文是solve the problem，此处应用动词不定式作后置定语。因此本题的答案为The way I thought of to solve the problem。故填The way I thought of to solve the problem。 15．He works in (和……同一个办公室)I do. 【答案】the same office as 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他和我在同一个办公室工作。根据空后的“I do”可知，空处应用定语从句表达，“I do”实际上是一种省略，do相当于主句的谓语work in，根据汉语提示，表示“同一个办公室”用the same office，当先行词前有the same修饰时，用关系代词as引导定语从句，故填the same office as。 16．I’m always attentive in all classes and think actively so that I can have more free time to do other things (我感兴趣的) after school. 【答案】that I’m interested in 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我在所有的课堂上都很专心，积极思考，这样我就可以有更多的空闲时间在放学后做我感兴趣的其他事情。根据句子结构，句子时态是一般现在时，表示“我感兴趣的”可用that I’m interested in，是限制性定语从句，指代先行词things，可用that引导，作宾语，be interested in是固定搭配。故填that I’m interested in。 17．I often listen to music (目前流行的). 【答案】which is popular at the moment 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我经常听目前流行的音乐。分析句子可知，空格处为定语，修饰名词music，根据英语定语位置的一般规律“单词在前，短语和从句在后”可知，此处应用限制性定语从句，先行词为music，指代事物可用关系代词which引导，在从句中用作主语，表示“流行的”形容词为popular，作表语，表示“目前”介词短语为 at the moment，因主语which指代music为不可数名词，是第三人称单数，根据“often listen”可知，句子为一般现在时，故系动词用is。故填which is popular at the moment。 18．他勇敢的心和坚定的信念能使他做出很多人做不到的事情。 His brave heart and strong faith could make him do something . 【答案】that many people cannot do 【详解】考查定语从句。因为先行词是something，指物，关系词替代先行词在从句中作宾语，只能用关系代词that引导限制性定语从句，表示“很多人做不到的事情”，从句中主语是many people，谓语是cannot do。故答案为that many people cannot do。 19．大学应该提供与未来职业相关的知识和技能。 Universities should provide knowledge and skills future careers. 【答案】related to/in relation to/that relate to 【详解】考查句子结构、定语。表示“与……相关的”可用过去分词转化的形容词短语related to作后置定语，（be）related to是固定搭配；或可以用固定搭配介词短语in relation to作后置定语；或可以以前文knowledge and skills为先行词，用关系代词that引导限制性定语从句，指代事物，作从句主语，主谓一致，用动词短语relate to作谓语。故填related to/in relation to/that relate to。 句型转换 1．She lit a match and saw a Christmas tree. The tree was decorated very nicely. (用定语从句合并句子) 【答案】She lit a match and saw a Christmas tree which was decorated very nicely./She lit a match and saw a Christmas tree that was decorated very nicely. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：她点燃了一根火柴，看到了一棵圣诞树。这棵树装饰得很漂亮。第二句中的The tree指的是前面的a Christmas tree，“The tree was decorated very nicely”的对a Christmas tree的修饰，因此“was decorated very nicely”可作定语从句，先行词是a Christmas tree，是物，因此用关系代词which/that引导定语从句，因此句子合并为“She lit a match and saw a Christmas tree which/that was decorated very nicely”。故答案为She lit a match and saw a Christmas tree which/that was decorated very nicely. 2．I like the book. The book tells a story about a little boy. I like the book a story about a little boy. 【答案】 which/that tells 【详解】考查定语从句、主谓一致。句意：我喜欢这本讲述一个小男孩故事的书。分析句子结构可知，①空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是the book，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who或that引导。原句用一般现在时，转换后的句子也用一般现在时，②空为从句谓语，且从句引导词代替先行词the book，动词tell“讲述”用第三人称单数形式。故填① which/ that ② tells。 3．The man has left for New York. You borrowed the camera from him. (改写定语从句) 【答案】The man from whom you borrowed the camera has left for New York. /The man whom you borrowed the camera from has left for New York. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你向他借照相机的那个人已经去纽约了。根据原句，可以用后面的句子作定语从句修饰The man，也就是him，是from的宾语，所以用关系代词whom指代先行词在从句中作宾语，也可以把介词from提到whom前，构成介词+关系代词的定语从句，故填The man from whom you borrowed the camera has left for New York. /The man whom you borrowed the camera from has left for New York. 4．The first textbooks written for teaching as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.（改为含定语从句的复合句） →The first textbooks   came out in the 16th century. 【答案】that/which were written for teaching as a foreign language 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：第一本为外语教学而编写的教材于16世纪问世。原句中written for teaching as a foreign language为过去分词短语，作后置定语修饰The first textbooks，The first textbooks和write之间是动宾关系。这里可将The first textbooks作为先行词，其后跟定语从句，write用一般过去时的被动语态，关系词在从句中作主语，应用that或which引导。故答案为that/which were written for teaching as a foreign language。 5．The project team helped protect the national parks in the United Republic of Tanzania. It was formed by members from fifteen countries. →The project team . 【答案】whose members were from fifteen countries helped protect the national parks in the United Republic of Tanzania 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：项目小组的成员来自15个国家，帮助保护坦桑尼亚联合共和国的国家公园。此处改为定语从句修饰先行词The project team，在从作定语，应用whose。故填whose members were from fifteen countries helped protect the national parks in the United Republic of Tanzania。 6．He showed me a photo in his room. It was a photo of a famous cultural relic in Egypt. →The photo . 【答案】The photo which he showed me in his room was of a famous cultural relic in Egypt./The photo that he showed me in his room was of a famous cultural relic in Egypt./ The photo he showed me in his room was of a famous cultural relic in Egypt. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他给我看了他房间里的一张照片。这是一张埃及著名文物的照片。以The photo为先行词，从句为“他在房间里给我看的”，译为he showed me in his room，先行词作从句的宾语，表示物，可以用关系代词which/that/不填，主句为The photo was of a famous cultural relic in Egypt，意思为：照片是埃及著名的文物。故填The photo (which/that) he showed me in his room was of a famous cultural relic in Egypt. 7．Ice sculptures (冰雕) attract many visitors. Ice sculptures (冰雕) are made by a young artist. (改写定语从句) 【答案】Ice sculptures which attract many visitors are made by a young artist. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：冰雕吸引了许多游客。冰雕是由一位年轻艺术家创作的。可将第二句作主句，第一句改写为定语从句，先行词是Ice sculptures，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导，用which代替第一句的主语Ice sculptures。故答案为：Ice sculptures which attract many visitors are made by a young artist. 8．The fish isn’t fresh. We bought the fish yesterday. (改写定语从句) 【答案】The fish we bought yesterday isn’t fresh./The fish that we bought yesterday isn’t fresh./The fish which we bought yesterday isn’t fresh. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这条鱼不新鲜。我们昨天买了鱼。按照要求改写成含有定语从句的主从复合句，将第一句作为主句，第二句改成限制性定语从句，先行词是The fish，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作bought的宾语，应用关系代词that/which引导，也可以省略关系代词。故答案为：The fish (that/which) we bought yesterday isn’t fresh.。 9．I have ever seen the film and it is the most interesting film. (改写定语从句) 【答案】It is the most interesting film (that) I have ever seen. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我看过这部电影，它是最有趣的电影。句子可理解为“这是我看过的最有趣的电影”，原句中的it指代的是“the film”，改为定语从句时，用film做先行词，前面用the most interesting修饰，先行词film是“电影”，且被最高级the most interesting修饰，因此关系代词只用that，不用which，关系代词that在从句中作宾语，that可省略，时态不变，因此句子改为“It is the most interesting film (that) I have ever seen”，故答案为It is the most interesting film (that) I have ever seen. 10．The person is Mr. Ball. You should ask him about the matter. (改写成含有定语从句的主从复合句) 【答案】The person (who/whom/that) you should ask about the matter is Mr. Ball. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这个人就是鲍尔先生。你应该问他这件事。根据要求可知，这两句可以合成限制性定语从句，先行词The person ，为人，在从句中作ask的宾语，所以可用关系代词who或者whom或者that。故改为The person (who/whom/that) you should ask about the matter is Mr. Ball. 11．The boys are my friends. The boys are playing football. (改写成含有定语从句的主从复合句) 【答案】The boys who/that are playing football are my friends. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：正在踢足球的那些男孩是我的朋友。原句是两个简单句，可将第二句改写为定语从句，先行词是boys，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，使用关系代词who或that引导，故答案为The boys who/that are playing football are my friends. 12．The tree is quite tall. He is climbing it. (用定语从句合并句子) → 【答案】The tree that he is climbing is quite tall./The tree which he is climbing is quite tall./The tree he is climbing is quite tall. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他正在爬的那棵树相当高。根据题干要求，将前句作为主句，后句改为定语从句，其中后句中宾语“it”指代前句中的主语“The tree”，因此，先行词确定为 “The tree”，在从句中作宾语，可用关系代词that/which引导从句，也可省略关系词，因此定语从句为“(that/which) he is climbing”，置于先行词之后。故答案为：The tree that he is climbing is quite tall./The tree which he is climbing is quite tall./The tree he is climbing is quite tall. 13．The boy is my brother. He was here a minute ago. (用定语从句合并句子) → 【答案】The boy who/that was here a minute ago is my brother. 【详解】考查句型转换。句意：这个男孩是我弟弟。他一分钟前还在这里。根据句子要求可知，两句话可合成定语从句，先行词为The boy，为人，在从句was here a minute ago中作主语，所以这应用关系代词who或者that。故转变为The boy who/that was here a minute ago is my brother. 14．I want to talk to the boys.Their homework hasn’t been handed in. (用定语从句合并句子) → 【答案】I want to talk to the boys whose homework hasn’t been handed in. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我想和孩子们谈谈。他们的作业还没交。按照要求用定语从句合并句子，将第一句作主句，先行词是the boys，指人，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作homework的定语，故用关系代词whose引导，将第二句中的Their替换为whose。故答案为：I want to talk to the boys whose homework hasn’t been handed in. 15．The train was late. It was going to Nanning. (用定语从句合并句子) → 【答案】The train that/which was going to Nanning was late. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：火车晚点了。它是去南宁的。原句为两个句子，根据要求，合并为一个句子，it指代上文提到的the train，改写后的句子主语是the train，表达物的名词，后面接定语从句时，因在从句中作主语，故用关系代词which或that来引导，故答案为The train that/which was going to Nanning was late. 22．The letter is from my sister. I received it yesterday. (用定语从句合并句子) → 【答案】The letter that I received yesterday is from my sister./ The letter which I received yesterday is from my sister./ The letter I received yesterday is from my sister. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这封信是我姐姐寄来的。我昨天收到的。将the letter作为先行词，第二个句子处理为定语从句，先行词the letter指物，在定语从句中作宾语，需用关系代词that/which引导，或者将that省略。故答案是The letter (that/which) I received yesterday is from my sister.。 16．The student’s article was published in the magazine. I know the student. (用定语从句合并句子) → 【答案】I know the student whose article was published in the magazine. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这个学生的文章发表在杂志上。我认识这个学生。分析句子可知，两个句子的重叠部分为the student，所以 the student为先行词，其所有格修饰名词article作定语，第一句“The student’s article was published in the magazine.”可改写为定语从句whose article was published in the magazine，修饰第二句中the student，关系代词whose指代先行词的所有格，表示“……的”，在定语从句中作定语。故改为：I know the student whose article was published in the magazine. 17．Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress. I lent her the new dress. (用定语从句合并句子) → 【答案】Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress (that/which) I lent her. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：昨天艾米丽穿着我借给她的那件新衣服。根据所给句子及题目要求可知，此处使用限定性定语从句进行合并简单句。第一句和第二句中the new dress作先行词，指物，关系词在定语从句中作宾语，用关系代词that或者which引导该从句，故改写为：Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress that/which I lent her. 18．During school breaks, events like long-distance racing, rope skipping, badminton, and basketball were held separately. (将下面简单句转化为复合句) → 【答案】During school breaks, events which included long-distance racing, rope skipping, badminton, and basketball were held separately. 【详解】考查定语从句、句型转换。句意：在假期期间，包括长跑、跳绳、羽毛球和篮球等活动分别举行。原句为简单句，可转换为定语从句。“events which included...”是一个定语从句，修饰前面的名词events，其中which作为关系代词引导定语从句，指代前面提到的events。故转换为During school breaks, events which included long-distance racing, rope skipping, badminton, and basketball were held separately. 19．I don’t like the way she treated her students. (将句子中省略的部分补全) __________________________________________________________________ 【答案】I don’t like the way that/in which she treated her students. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我不喜欢她对待学生的方式。定语从句修饰的先行词the way在从句中作方式状语时，可用that或in which引导，并且可以省略。故答案为I don’t like the way that/in which she treated her students. 20．The book that he borrowed yesterday is well worth reading. (用省略结构改写句子) → is well worth reading. 【答案】The book he borrowed yesterday 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他昨天借的那本书很值得一读。空处对应原句中的The book that he borrowed yesterday，that引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词The book，先行词指物，在从句中作borrowed的宾语，关系代词that可省略。故填The book he borrowed yesterday。 21．The man delivering the speech is so humorous. (用定语从句句型转换) ______________________________________________________________ 【答案】The man who is delivering the speech is so humorous. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：演讲的那个人很幽默。delivering the speech是现在分词短语作定语，修饰名词man，变为定语从句后The man作先行词，在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导从句，根据句意应用现在进行时。故答案是The man who is delivering the speech is so humorous. 21．You referred to a man in the meeting yesterday. I want to know the man. （用定语从句合并句子） 【答案】I want to know the man (whom/who/that) you referred to in the meeting yesterday. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我想认识一下你昨天在会上提到的那个人。要将两个句子合并成定语从句，后一句为主句，前一句为从句，修饰先行词the man，关系词在从句中做referred to的宾语，指人，可用who/whom/that引导，也可省略。故合并为I want to know the man (whom/who/that) you referred to in the meeting yesterday. 22．My grandparents live in a house. It lies at the foot of the mountain. （用定语从句合并句子） 【答案】My grandparents live in a house which/that lies at the foot of the mountain. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我的祖父母住在一所房子里。它位于山脚下。根据句意以及句子的要求提示可知，原句可用定语从句合并句子，结合句子结构可知，应为关系代词which/that引导的定语从句，先行词a house在从句作主语成分，从句部分为which/that lies at the foot of the mountain。故答案是：My grandparents live in a house which/that lies at the foot of the mountain. 23．I have a friend. He likes listening to classical music.（用定语从句合并句子） 【答案】I have a friend who likes listening to classical music./I have a friend that likes listening to classical music. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我有一个朋友。他喜欢听古典音乐。根据句意以及句子的提示要求可知，原句可用定语从句合并句子，结合句子结构可知，应为关系代词who/that引导的定语从句，先行词a friend在从句中作主语成分，从句部分为who/that likes listening to classical music。故答案是：I have a friend who/that likes listening to classical music. 24．The professor recommended me a book. I found the book was very useful. I found the book that to me by the professor was very useful. (同义句转换) 【答案】had been recommended 【详解】考查定语从句及谓语动词时态语态。句意：我发现教授给我推荐的这本书很有用。该句缺失的部分是the book的定语从句部分，原句中表示教授向我推荐了一本书，在改写句中已给出关系代词that，根据空后的by the professor可知，关系代词that引导了定语从句并指代先行词作主语，谓语动词recommend应使用被动语态；教授推荐应该发生在我发现书很有用之前，所以定语从句谓语动词应使用过去完成时态。故填had been recommended。 25．You were playing some music. It sounded very familiar. (用定语从句把句子合并起来) → 【答案】The music that you were playing sounded very familiar./which you were playing sounded very familiar. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你演奏的音乐听起来很熟悉。some music与it重叠，且根据原题中两个句子的关系，可以将第一个句子改为限制性定语从句，the music 为先行词，指物，且在从句中作宾语，所以应用关系代词which或者that引导，所以应写成the music that/which you were playing sounded very familiart，the放句首，首字母大写。故答案是The music that/which you were playing sounded very familiar。 26．The student’s calligraphy work was shown on the blackboard. I know the student. (用定语从句合并) __________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】I know the student whose calligraphy work was shown on the blackboard. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：学生的书法作品展示在黑板上。我认识这个学生。将I know the student作为主句，The student’s calligraphy work was shown on the blackboard作为定语从句，先行词是the student，在定语从句中作定语修饰名词calligraphy，需用关系代词whose引导。故填I know the student whose calligraphy work was shown on the blackboard. 27．My teachers arranged some homework in class. I have finished all the homework. (用定语从句合并句子) →I have finished all the homework . 【答案】that my teachers arranged in class 【详解】考查定语从句。原句意：我的老师在课堂上布置了一些作业。我已经完成了所有的作业。把第二句作主句，其中the homework作先行词，把第一句My teachers arranged some homework in class作从句，先行词在从句中作宾语，且先行词由关系代词all修饰，定语从句应由关系代词that引导。故填that my teachers arranged in class。 28．The couple moved into an old room. The window of it was just opposite to a beautiful park. →The couple moved into an old room . 【答案】whose window was just opposite to a beautiful park 【详解】考查定语从句。原句意：这对夫妇搬进了一间旧房间。它的窗户正对着一个美丽的公园。把第一句当作主句，其中an old room是先行词，作定语，由关系代词whose修饰window替代第二句中的The window of it，引导定语从句。故答案为whose window was just opposite to a beautiful park。 29．He is indeed a good partner. I got along quite well with him. （用定语从句合并句子） →He is indeed a good partner with . 【答案】whom I got along quite well. 【详解】考查定语从句。原句意：他确实是个好搭档。我和他相处得很好。把第一句当作主句，第二句当作从句，a good partner作先行词，指人，在介词后面指人用whom，指物用which引导定语从句，所以介词with后面用whom引导定语从句。故答案为whom I got along quite well。 30．I have ever seen the film. It is the most interesting film. (用定语从句合并句子) 【答案】It is the most interesting film that I have ever seen. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是我看过的最有趣的电影。分析可知，将第一个句子改为修饰film的葱郁从句，先行词film由最高级修饰，且在从句中作宾语，只能用关系代词that引导。故改为It is the most interesting film that I have ever seen. 31．The student’s article was published. I know the student. (用定语从句合并句子) 【答案】I know the student whose article was published. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这个学生的文章发表了。我认识这个学生。根据题干要求使用定语从句合并句子，可以使用whose引导定语从句对先行词student进行修饰，引导词在从句中作定语，意为“学生的”，表示所属关系。故答案为I know the student whose article was published. 32．The man is captain of the team. His spoken English is very good.（合并定语从句） 【答案】The man whose spoken English is very good is captain of the team. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：英语口语很好的那个人是这个队的队长。分析句子可知，“His spoken English is very good”为定语从句，修饰captain，关系词在从句中作定语修饰English，用关系代词whose，故答案为The man whose spoken English is very good is captain of the team. 33．The pen is broken. I do my homework with it every day. （用“介词＋which”引导的定语从句合并句子） 【答案】The pen with which I do my homework every day is broken. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我每天用来做作业的那支笔坏了。分析原句可知，两个分句的共同部分为pen，可将后一分句改为关系代词引导的定语从句修饰pen，与前句合并成主从复合句，在后一分句中的with the pen，the pen位于介词之后作宾语，用关系代词which替代the pen，故填The pen with which I do my homework every day is broken。 34．She wants to visit the village. Her mother likes it best. (用关系代词合并句子) _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】She wants to visit the village that her mother likes best/She wants to visit the village which her mother likes best.【详解】考查定语从句。句意：她想去参观她母亲最喜欢的那个村庄。此处可以将第二个句子改为定语从句修饰先行词village，先行词在从句作宾语，指物，故用that或which引导从句。故填She wants to visit the village that/which her mother likes best. 35．We met a professional archaeologist at the entrance to the Great Pyramid. He explained to us the process of building such a difficult structure. →The professional archaeologist .(Rewrite the sentences using relative clauses) 【答案】that/whom we met at the entrance to the Great Pyramid explained to us the process of building such a difficult structure. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们在大金字塔的入口处遇到了一位专业的考古学家。他向我们解释了建造如此困难的建筑物的过程。根据题干要求，使用从句改写句子。改写句子可以使用whom引导的定语从句指代前文的the professional archaeologist ，引导词在从句中作宾语，代人，故用whom或者that。即表示“我们在大金字塔的入口处遇到的那位专业考古学家”。故答案为：that/whom we met at the entrance to the Great Pyramid explained to us the process of building such a difficult structure. ( 14 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$