Unit 10 You're supposed to shake hands.（知识清单）英语人教版九年级全一册

Unit 10 You’re supposed to shake hands. Unit10 话题 风俗礼仪 词汇 1_________.(v.&n.)亲吻，接吻 2.______（v.）和……打招呼；迎接 3._________(v.)重视，珍视（n.）价值 4._________(n.)首都；国都 5._________(n.)正午；中午 6._________(adj.)很生气；疯的 7._________(n.)护照 8._________(n.)粉笔 9._________(n.)黑板 10._________(adj.)北方的，北部的 11._________(n.)海岸；海滨 12._________(n.)季节 13._________(v.)敲;击(n.)敲击声；敲击 14._________(adj.)东方的，东部的 15.______(adj.)有...价值(的） 16.______(n.)方式；方法（pl.)礼貌；礼仪 17._________(adj.)空的;空洞的 18._________(adj.)基本的；基础的 19._________(n.&v.)交换 20._________(n.)（外）孙女 21._________(v.)表现，举止 22._________(prep.)除……之外（conj)除了；只是 23._________（n.）建议 短语 1.应当_________ 2.伸出手_________ 3.握手_________ 4.用错误的方式问候某人_________ 5.对……松懈_________ 6.欢迎晚会_________ 7....一...就..._________ 8. 珍惜时间_________ 9.顺便访问；随便进入_________ 10.毕竟；终归_________ 11.在中午_________ 12.大动肝火；气愤_________ 13.作出努力_________ 14.擦黑板_________ 15.脱掉手套_________ 16.把筷子插在食物上_________ 17 敲打空碗_________ 18. 特地；格外努力_________ 19.（某人）感到宾至如归_________20.给某人一些建议_________ 句型 1. You are supposed to shake hands.你应该握手。 2.In your country, what are you supposed to do when you meet someone for the first time?在你们国家,你与某人初次见面时,你应该做些什么? 3.I met a Japanese boy called Sato, and as soon as I held out my hand, he bowed.我遇到了一个名叫佐藤的日本男孩,我一伸出手他就鞠躬了。 4.So I just stood there with my hand out. 所以我就伸着手站在那里。 5.Where I’m from, we’re pretty relaxed about time.在我的家乡，我们对时间的要求相当宽松。 6. We value the time we spend with our family …我们珍惜与家人在一起的时间… 7.We often just drop by our friends’ home if we have time. 如果有时间，我们会经常到朋友家拜访。 8. If you’re even 15 minutes late, your friend may get mad.如果你迟到15分钟，你的朋友可能会生气。 9. So I make an effort to be on time when I meet my friends.因此当我去见朋友的时候我努力做到准时。 10. After class, students are supposed to clean the chalk off the blackboard. 下课后，学生们 应该把黑板上的粉笔字擦掉。 11.In many eastern European countries, you are supposed to take off your gloves before shaking hands.在许多东欧国家,握手前你应该先脱下手套。 12. ... but it is helpful to learn as many of these customs as possible. …但是尽可能多地学习这些文化风俗是有帮助的。 13. ... but it is worth the trouble if you want to understand another culture. …但是如果你想了解另一种文化，再麻烦也是值得的。 14. In China, it’s impolite to use your chopsticks to hit an empty bowl. 在中国，用筷子敲打空碗是不礼貌的。 15.They go out of their way to make me feel at home. 他们尽力使我感到宾至如归。 16. As you can imagine, things are very different from the way they are at home.正如你所能想象的，事情与在家里的情况大不相同。 17. Another example is that you’re not supposed to eat anything with your hands except bread, not even fruit. 另一个例子是除了面包外，你不应该用手拿着吃任何东西，甚至水果也不能。 18. I find it difficult to remember everything, but I’m gradually getting used to it.我发现很难记住所有的东西，但我逐渐习惯了。 语法 动词不定式 写作 风俗礼仪 考点1 suppose的用法 【教材原句】 You are supposed to shake hands.你应该握手。 【句型剖析】（1）动词suppose意为“猜想、假设”，suppose后接that从句，that可以省略。例如： I suppose he is not yet twenty. 我猜想他不到二十岁。 （2）be supposed to后面用动词原形，表示“被期望做某事、应该做某事”，相当于情态动词should。 　例如：You are supposed to say hello to the foreigners. 你应该跟这些外宾打招呼。 【句型拓展】（1）当句子的主语是人的时候，be supposed to表示“应该做某事、被期望做某事”，经常用来表示劝告、建议、义务和责任等。这里be supposed to相当于情态动词should。例如： 　You are supposed to ask our teacher if you want to leave the classroom. 　 如果你要离开教室，应该先问一问我们的老师。 （2）当句子的主语是物的时候，be supposed to表示“本应该”的意思，经常用来表示某事物本应该发生而没有发生。 　The meeting was supposed to take place on Tuesday, but we have to put it off. 　这个会议本应该在星期二举行，但我们不得不把他推迟了。 （3）短语be supposed to do sth.的否定形式是be not supposed to do sth，表示“命令和禁止”，意为“不应该做某事”。 You are not supposed to talk loudly in class.你不应该在课堂上大声交谈。 （4）be supposed to的后面接have+过去分词，表示“本应该做完的事情而没有做完”。 My mother is supposed to have arrived an hour ago. 我的妈妈应该一个小时前就到了。 【经典练】 1．You ________ come here before 8:30 tomorrow morning. A．suppose to B．supposed to C．are supposed to D．are supposed 2．People are supposed ________ when they meet for the first time in America. A．shaking hands B．to shake hands C．kissing D．to kiss 3．You ________ supposed ________ at eight o’clock, but you are late. A．are; arrive B．were; arrive C．are; to arrive D．will; arrive 【写作佳句】 We are supposed to use both sides of paper. 考点2.for the first time的用法 【教材原句】In your country, what are you supposed to do when you meet someone for the first time?在你们国家,你与某人初次见面时,你应该做些什么? 【句型剖析】for the first time意为“第一次(做某事)”,在句中常作时间状语,它修饰的谓语常用现在完成时,也可以用一般过去时。 I have been here for the first time.我是第一次到这里。 I met him for the first time.我第一次见到了他。 【拓展】 for the last time最后一次 【比较】 the first time是名词短语,后接一个分句时,the first time相当于连词,引导时间状语从句,相当于as soon as。如: This is the first time I've been here.这是我第一次到这儿。 The first time I saw you, I felt I seemed to have met you somewhere before.当我第一次见到你时,我感觉似乎以前在哪里见过你。 【拓展】由time构成的其他短语: in time及时 on time准时 at times / from time to time有时;偶尔 by the time ..到 时候;到 之前 all the time总是;一直 【经典练】 1．The Smiths went to Hainan for vacation last week. It was _______ first time for them to go there. A．a B．an C．the 2．When did you see the lightning ________ the first time? A．at B．on C．in D．for 【写作佳句】 At last, I finished my homework by myself for the first time. 考点 3.as soon as的用法 【教材原句】I met a Japanese boy called Sato, and as soon as I held out my hand, he bowed.我遇到了一个名叫佐藤的日本男孩,我一伸出手他就鞠躬了。 【句型剖析】as soon as意为“一......就......”常用来引导时间状语从句。当主句是一般过去时的时候,从句也用一般过去时。 【拓展】在含有as soon as引导的时间状语从句的复合句中,若主句是一般将来时、祈使句或含有情态动词,从句要用一般现在时表将来。 Ill call you as soon as I arrive home.我一到家就会给你打电话。 Please call me as soon as he comes back.他一回来就请给我打电话。 You can watch TV as soon as you finish your homework. 你一完成作业就可以看电视了。 【经典练】 1．We’ll certainly enter a good high school ___________ we work hard. A．as soon as B．as long as C．as far as D．even if 2．—Could you return this book to Mary? —Sure, no problem. I ________ it to her as soon as I ________ her. A．will return; will meet B．return; will meet C．will return; meet D．return; meet 3．—Did you get wet on your way to school?   —No, ________ I went out, the rain had already stopped. A．as soon as B．as far as C．as long as D．not until 【写作佳句】 As soon as you found my problem, you had a talk with me about how to learn English well. 考点4. with my hand out的用法 【教材原句】So I just stood there with my hand out. 所以我就伸着手站在那里。 【句型剖析】with my hand out意为“伸出我的手”。“with+名词+副词形容词”是介词with的常见复合结构,在句中作伴随状语。 She was sleeping, with the television on.她睡着了,电视机开着。 【拓展】 with还可用于以下结构: with+名词+介词(短语) Jim came back with a letter in his hand.吉姆手里拿着一封信回来了。 with+名词+不定式短语 With so much housework to do, she can't go to the party. 有这么多的家务活要做,她不能去参加聚会。 with+名词+现在分词(短语) I can't get to sleep with all this noise going on.这么吵,我睡不着。 with+名词+过去分词(短语) With her homework finished, she went out to play. 完成了家庭作业后,她便出去玩了。 "with+名词短语”,在句中作定语,位于所修饰的名词之后 She is a girl with long hair. 她是个长头发的女孩。 【经典练】 1．—Would you mind ________ the books for me?    —________. A．handing out; My pleasure B．hand out; For pleasure C．handing out; With pleasure D．hand out; It’s a pleasure 2．Volunteers ________ leaflets to encourage more people to separate rubbish correctly. A．put out B．find out C．hand out D．turn out 考点5.value的用法 【教材原句】We value the time we spend with our family …我们珍惜与家人在一起的时间… 【句型剖析】（1）value 作动词，表示“看重，重视”。例如： If they value these data, let them pay for them. 他们要是看重这些数据，就让他们出钱买。 If you value your health then you’ll start being a little kinder to yourself. 如果你重视自己的健康，你就要开始对自己好一点。 （2）value 作及物动词，表示“评价，估价”。后接名词或代词作宾语，当宾语后接具体价格时，常用介词at。例如： I valued the bike at 200 yuan. 我估计这辆自行车值200元。 The used car has recently been valued at 3750 pounds. 这辆二手车作价为3750英镑。 【拓展】 （1）value 用作名词，基本意思是“价值，价格”，引申还可表示“用处，益处，重要性”。例如： Because of continual price increases, the value of the pound has fallen in recent years. 近年来由于物价不断上涨，英镑贬值了。 The value of this work experience should not be underestimated. 这种工作经验的重要性不应该被低估。 （2）value常用于of value to sb. 结构，表示“对某人有……价值”。例如： Good books are of great value to students. 好书对学生非常有用。 【经典练】 1．—Must I attend tomorrow’s meeting? —Yes. The meeting is ________. Besides, I have something ________ to discuss with you. A．of great value; great pleasure B．valuable; pleasant C．great valuable; pleasure D．value; pleasant 2．I think it important to read books because books are of great ________ to us. A．value B．valuable C．harm D．harmful 3．I thought ________ necessary to accept his advice at that time because it was of great ________. A．it’s; valuable B．it; value C．it’s; value D．that; valuable 考点6.条件状语从句 【教材原句】 If you’re even 15 minutes late, your friend may get mad.如果你迟到15分钟，你的朋友可能会生气。 【句型剖析】这是含有if引导的条件状语从句的复合句，if译为“如果”。条件状语从句要用一般现在时表示将来，要注意if条件句的时态搭配： （1）if从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。例如： The cat will scratch you if you pull her tail. 如果你拉猫的尾巴，它就会抓你。 If the rain doesn’t stop, we will stay here. 如果这场雨不停的话，我们就呆在这儿。 （2）if从句用一般现在时，主句用情态动词。例如： If you want to lose weight, you should eat less bread. 如果想减肥，你应该少吃面包. （3）if从句用一般现在时，主句用祈使句。例如： If you want to get there on time, hurry up! 如果你想准时到达那里，要快一点。 【经典练】 1．________ you drive more carefully, you may have an accident. A．Unless B．Until C．If D．Because 2．— Lily, ________ you are free after school, let’s go to the shop and buy a gift for Father. —OK, Lucy. Tomorrow is Father’s birthday. I almost forgot it. A．until B．if C．unless 3．If it ________ tomorrow, we will go to the park. A．isn’t rain B．won’t rain C．doesn’t rain 【写作佳句】 I told him that he should tell me if he wanted to read the magazine. 考点7.make an effort to do sth的用法 【教材原句】So I make an effort to be on time when I meet my friends.因此当我去见朋友的时候我努力做到准时。 【句型剖析】make an effort to do sth. 意为“努力去做某事” You should make an effort to learn something new every day. 你应该每天努力去学一点新东西。 【拓展】 与effort相关的常用短语: make every effort to do sth.努力做某事 spare no effort to do sth.不遗余力地做某事 beyond effort力所不能及 in a common effort共同努力 without effort毫不费力地;轻松地 make no effort 不努力 with (an) effort艰难地 【经典练】 1．I’ll make ________ effort to do everything well. Please believe in me. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 2．—I hope to get into a good senior high school. What should I do? —You should make an ________ to improve your skills of solving problems. A．excuse B．energy C．effort D．education 考点8.clean ... off的用法 【教材原句】After class, students are supposed to clean the chalk off the blackboard. 下课后，学生们 应该把黑板上的粉笔字擦掉。 【句型剖析】clean ... off 意为“把… 擦掉” Please clean the drops of water off the mirror. 请把镜子上的水滴擦掉。 拓展: clean up 意为“打扫干净”。 After class, the students cleaned up the classroom. 下课后，学生们清扫了教室。 【经典练】 1．The student on duty are supposed to _________ the chalk _________ the blackboard before class. A．clean…off B．clean...up C．clean…out D．clean…away 2．If you ______ the article _______ several parts, it will be easier to understand. A．compare; with B．clean; off C．divide; into D．turn; into 考点9. take off的用法 【教材原句】In many eastern European countries, you are supposed to take off your gloves before shaking hands.在许多东欧国家,握手前你应该先脱下手套。 【句型剖析】take off在该句中表示“脱下”,其反义短语为put on(穿上)。 It's too cold. You shouldn't take off your coat. Put it on quickly. 太冷了。你不应该脱掉外套。快点穿上。 【拓展】take off还可表示“(飞机等)起飞”,此时其反义短语为land on降落;着陆)。 The plane will take off soon.飞机马上就要起飞了。 【经典练】 1．We should ________ our hats when we watch the national flag raising ceremony (仪式). A．take off B．put off C．turn off D．get off 2．—You’d better hurry. We’ll be late for the plane. —Don’t worry. It will _______ in two hours. A．get off B．turn off C．take off D．put off 3．Mr Black __________ Shanghai this afternoon. Do you know when the earliest plane to Shanghai __________? A．is leaving for; takes off B．leaves; takes off C．is leaving for; is taking off D．leaves; is taking off 考点10.worth的用法 【教材原句】 but it is worth the trouble if you want to understand another culture. ......但是如果你想了解另一种文化,麻烦一点也值得。 【句型剖析】worth为形容词,意为“值得;有. 价值(的)”,一般作表语，后面通常跟v-ing形式或表示金钱的名词。其用法如下: ①“be worth doing”意为“值得做”,句子的主语一般是do的宾语。 The place is worth visiting.这个地方值得参观。 ②“be worth+钱”意为“值多少钱”。 The picture is worth $ 30.这幅画值30美元。 ③“be worth+名词”意为“值得 I don't think it's worth our work.我觉得这件事不值得我们付出劳动。 【拓展】worth前面可用well、 really hardly、easily等词修饰,但不可以用very修饰。表示“很值得”时,应说well worth,而不说very worth。 The book is well worth reading.这本书很值得一读。 【经典练】 1．I think Amazing China is well worth _________. A．watching B．to watch C．watched 2．We are planning for our winter holiday. I think the Great Wall is well worth ________. A．visiting B．to visit C．visited 考点11. empty的用法 【教材原句】In China, it’s impolite to use your chopsticks to hit an empty bowl. 在中国，用筷子敲打空碗是不礼貌的。 【句型剖析】empty此处用作形容词，意为“空的”，在句中可用作表语或定语，其反义词是full（满的）。 e.g. There is an empty box in the the middle of the room. 在房间的中央有一个空箱子。 拓展：empty也可用作动词，意为“倒空”；其反义词为fill（装满）。 Please empty the cup. 请把杯子倒空。 【经典练】 1．The classroom is ________ because all the students have gone to the lab. A．full B．empty C．noisy D．lively 2．—Do you mind if I sit next to you? —Of course not. The seat is ________. A．comfortable B．valuable C．full D．empty 3．—Hi, Ben. Is that box ________? —Yes, it is. There's nothing in it. You can put your old books inside. A．full B．empty C．heavy D．dark 考点12.go out of one’s way to do sth和make的用法 【教材原句】They go out of their way to make me feel at home. 他们尽力使我感到宾至如归。 【句型剖析】go out of one’s way to do sth. 意为“特地（不怕麻烦地）做某事”。 He went out of his way to help me. 他竭力帮助我。 【句型剖析】make sb. feel at home 意为“使某人感到宾至如归” Do you know how to make every guest feel at home? 你知道如何使每位客人都感到宾至如归吗？ 【经典练】1．—Don’t make the computer games ________ your study. —Ok, I will. A．get in the way of B．go out of one’s way to C．make one’s way to 2．They ________ their way to make me ________ at home. A．get in; stay B．go out of; feel C．get on; to be D．go out; feel 3．They go out _____their way to make me ______ at home . A．in; feel B．of; to feel C．on; feel D．of; feel 4．—He always makes his mother ________.   —I think he is not a good son. A．cries B．cried C．crying D．cry 5．My father likes ________ funny stories and always makes us ________. A．tell; happy B．tell; happily C．telling; happy 考点13.imagine的用法 【教材原句】As you can imagine, things are very different from the way they are at home.正如你所能想象的，事情与在家里的情况大不相同。 【句型剖析】imagine是动词，意为“想象，推测”，后面可接名词、代词、宾语从句、复合宾语，常用于结构：imagine doing sth. 想象做某事。例如： We can’t imagine what China will be like in the future. 我们无法想象将来中国是什么样子。 I can’t imagine leaving all my friends. 我无法想象离开我所有的朋友。 No one can imagine what would happen next. 没有人能想象出下一步会发生什么。 【经典练】 1．Sammy always imagines ______ in space one day. A．fly B．to fly C．flying 2．You can’t ________ my surprise when I got a piano as a present. A．show B．imagine C．create D．increase 3．No one knows what life will be like in the future, but you can use your ________ to make a picture in your mind. A．knowledge B．invention C．courage D．imagination 【写作佳句】 As you can imagine, nothing makes me prouder than feeling my progress in English. 考点14.except的用法 【教材原句】Another example is that you’re not supposed to eat anything with your hands except bread, not even fruit. 另一个例子是除了面包外，你不应该用手拿着吃任何东西，甚至水果也不能。 【句型剖析】except 介词，意为“除……之外” We all went to the old people’s home except John. 除了约翰没去敬老院之外，我们都去了。 辨析：except与besides except表示“除……之外（不再有）”，指从整体中排除except所接的人或物。 All the students went to the zoo except Jim. 除了吉姆，所有的学生都去动物园了。 besides表示“除……之外（还有）”，它的意思是在原有的基础上加上besides除外的人或物。 I have a few good friends besides you. 除了你之外，我还有几个好朋友。 考点15. get used to和it做形式宾语的用法 【教材原句】 I find it difficult to remember everything, but I’m gradually getting used to it.我发现很难记住所有的东西，但我逐渐习惯了。 【句型剖析】动词短语get used to表示“渐渐习惯……”，后接名词、代词作宾语。与同义短语“be used to”略有不同。get used to强调的是由“不习惯”到“习惯”的这个过程，而“be used to”所强调的只是“习惯了”这个状态。例如： The food here is not so tasty but you will get used to that. 这里的伙食不怎么样，但你会慢慢习惯的。 The food here is not so tasty but he is used to that. 这里的伙食不怎么样，但是他已经习惯了。 He is used to getting up early. 他习惯了早起。 【句型剖析】当不定式用作宾语且其后跟有宾语补足语时，通常会在宾语补足语前使用形式宾语it，而将真正的宾语移至句末，其基本结构为“动词+it+宾语补足语+不定式短语”。例如： I find it difficult to do the job well. 我发现做好这个工作不容易。 I find it easy to get on with her. 我发现她很容易相处。 【拓展】当不定式、动名词、从句等用作主语时，为避免头重脚轻，通常在句首使用形式主语it，而把真正的主语放在句子末尾。例如： It’s a pity to refuse. 拒绝是令人遗憾的。 It’s no use saying any more about it. 再谈这事没有用。 It’s not known where she went. 她到哪里去了没人知道。 【注意】It is said / reported / believed / understood that… 这类结构中的 it 也是形式主语。 It’s reported that two people were injured in the accident. 据报道这次事故中有两人受伤。 【经典练】 1．The old man used to ________ alone, but now he gets used to ________ with his children. A．live; living B．living; live C．live; live D．living; living 2．He used to ________ up late last year, but now he is used to ________ up early because he wants to learn English in the morning. A．getting, getting B．get, getting C．get, get 3．—Do you ________ the life here, Jim? —Sure, but I ________ dislike the local food. A．get used to; used to B．used to; get used to C．used to; didn’t use to 一．语法精讲——动词不定式 动词不定式 动词不定式是一种非谓语动词的形式，没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能单独作谓语，但在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语等。 基本形式 肯定 ： to do 否定 ：not to do 一. 作主语 1. 谓语动词用单数形式，为避免＂头重脚轻＂常用it作形式主语。常用句型有： ①It is +adj.+for/of sb.+(not)to do sth.意为＂做某事对某人来说是……＂。 ②It takes sb.+some time+to do sth.意为＂做某事花费某人多长时间＂ To learn English well is important. = It is important to learn English well. 形式主语 真正的主语 To master a language is not easy=It is not easy to master a language.学好一门语言是不容易的。 二. 作表语 动词不定式可放在系动词后作表语，说明主语的性质，内容，职业，身份等。 My dream is to be an engineer.我想成为一名工程师。 三. 作宾语 动词不定式常用在及物动词后，作宾语，其结构为“动词 + to do”。 常接动词不定式作宾语的动词有：would like, want, like,hope, wish, plan，decide,learn, agree, try, remember, forget, expect, refuse,afford, prefer, continue, promise, begin, start 等think,find,believe等动词可用于＂动词+it+adj.+to do sth.＂句型中。it作形式宾语，而真正的宾语是后面的不定式。 What do you plan to do this Saturday? 这周六你打算做什么？ He doesn’t need to clean his bedroom tonight. 他今晚不需要打扫房间。 I would like to make friends with you.我想要和你交朋友。 I find it difficult to pass my math exam.我发现要通过数学考试很难。 4. 作宾语补足语 动词不定式常用在宾语后，对宾语的动作或状态进行补充和说明， 构成“动词 + sb. to do sth.”的结构。否定形式多为“动词 + sb. not to do sth” 常接动词不定式做宾补的动词有：ask, teach, encourage, tell, advise, want, would like, wish, invite, allow等。 She often encourages us to ask more questions. 她经常鼓励我们多问问题。 五. 作定语 动词不定式放在名词、代词后作定语，两者之间常有逻辑上的动宾关系，因此，如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词，后面应该加上相应的介词。常接不定式作定语的名词有：time, need, way, chance, opportunity, courage, reason, effort, determination, decision ,ability, ambition 1. Can you give me a pen to write with?能给我一只用于书写的笔吗？ 2. Do you have something to say?你有什么要说的吗？ 六．作状语 动词不定式做状语用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，通常表示目的、原因、结果等。 1. 目的状语 动词不定式作目的状语，可放在句首或句末，译为“为了，目的是”。 He got up early to catch the first bus. 为了赶上第一辆公交车他起的很早。 2. 原因状语 动词不定式作原因状语时，常和某些形容词连用构成 “be+形容词+ to do”的形式。常见的形容词有：happy, glad, sorry, excited, surprised等。 We are glad to hear the news. 我们很开心听到这个消息。 3. 结果状语 动词不定式作结果状语时，常与enough或too连用，构成“adj.+ enough + to do sth” 或“too...to do...”的形式。 He is too young to go to school. 他年级太小不能上学。 He is strong enough to carry the heavy box. 他足够强壮能扛起那个沉重箱子。 七．疑问词+动词不定式 疑问词(what, which, when, where, how)与动词不定式连用，在句中作主语、表语和宾语。 Where to buy the book is my problem. (作主语) My question is when to start the meeting. (作表语) I don’t know how to deal with the problem. (作宾语) * 注意区别： I don’t know what to do. （what是疑问代词，可作及物动词do的宾语） I don’t know how to do it. (how 是疑问副词，不能做宾语） 不定式的特殊用法 ①使役动词和感官动词后跟动词不定式作宾语补足语，须省略to。此类动词有：一感(feel)、二听(hear, listen to)、三让(let, make, have)、四看(look at, see, watch, notice)、五帮(help)。变为被动语态时，省略的to则要加上。 ②动词不定式的否定形式是not to do，其被动形式为to be done。 ►Our teacher asked us not to swim in the river alone. 我们老师要求我们不要独自一人在河里游泳。 ③常接＂疑问词+带to的不定式＂的动词有teach, show, tell, learn, find out, decide, know, forget等。 ►My mother taught me how to cook yesterday. 昨天我妈妈教我如何做饭。 （二）be supposed to与be expected to的用法 一、语法概述 be supposed to意为“应该……”，相当于should；be expected to意为“应该……；被期望……”。两者都可用来表示根据规定或传统习惯应该做某事，两者中的to为不定式符号，后接动词原形。 二、be supposed to的用法 1.当主语是人时 be supposed to的主语是人时，意为“应该……”，用来表示劝告、建议、责任等。 Eg.We are supposed to share some housework with our parents when we have free time. 我们应在空闲时间帮父母分担些家务活。 2.当主语是事或物时 be supposed to的主语是事或物时，意为“本该；本应”，用于表示某事本应该发生而没有发生。 Eg.The meeting was supposed to take place on Tuesday, but we’ve had to put it off. 这个会议本应该在星期二举行，但我们不得不把它推迟了。 3.be supposed to do sth.的否定形式 be supposed to do sth.的否定形式为be not supposed to do sth.意为“不应该做某事”，表示命令或禁止。 Eg.In China, you are not supposed to start eating first if there are old people at the table. 在中国，如果餐桌上有老人，你就不应该先开始吃东西。 【拓展延伸】be supposed to have done表示“本应该做某事（实际上没做）”，相当于should have done。 Eg.He was supposed to have arrived an hour ago. 他本应该一小时之前到。 三、be expected to的用法 be expected to do sth. 意为“应该做某事”或“被期望做某事”，其表达的主观性比be supposed to do sth.更强。 Eg.You’re expected to clean the house. （我）希望你把房间打扫一下。 （三）It is +adj.+to do sth.的用法 一、It is +adj.+to do sth.的用法 It is +adj.+to do sth.意为“做某事是……的”，其中It为形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式（短语）。 Eg.It is hard to solve this problem. 解决这个问题很困难。形式主语 真正的主语 【拓展延伸】在该结构中，有时在to do sth.前加上for/of sb.，sb.是动词不定式（短语）的逻辑主语。其用法如下： It is+adj.+ for sb. to do sth.（对某人来说做某事是……的） of sb. to do sth.（做某事某人……） adj.描述的是人的性格、品质特征 这类形容词有kind, good, nice, polite等 adj.描述的是事物的特征 这类形容词有difficult, easy, important.dangerous等 【语境串记】It’s difficult for me to work out the physics problem, and it’s very kind of him to help me.对我来说，解出这道物理题太难了，他能帮我真是太好了。 1．（2024·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题）________ our students responsible and independent, military training (军训) has become tradition in China. A．Making B．To make C．Make 2．（2024·江苏南通·中考真题）________ more about rare wild animals, I spent some time searching online last night. A．To learn B．Learning C．Learned D．Learn 3．（2024·黑龙江·中考真题）Two ________ dollars is enough to buy the bike, but I can’t afford ________ it. A．hundreds, to buy B．hundreds, buy C．hundred, to buy 4．（2024·天津·中考真题）People may use different body language _________ the same feelings. A．show B．to show C．showed D．shows 5．（2024·江苏扬州·中考真题）China has made great efforts ________ other countries build high-speed railways. A．help B．to help C．helping D．helped 6．（2024·云南·中考真题）Our headmaster will invite a scientist ________ us a speech on space technology. A．give B．given          C．giving D．to give 7．（2024·四川凉山·中考真题）______ teenagers’ eyesight, experts advise them to stay away from electronic products. A．Protect B．To protect C．Protecting 8．（2024·四川达州·中考真题）Qiqi hopes ________ medicine in Sichuan University. A．studies B．studying C．to study 9．（2023·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题）________ down air pollution, we should walk or take the bus instead of driving. A．Cut B．To cut C．Cutting 10．（2023·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）Boys and girls, good luck and wish you ________ good grades in a new year. A．get B．getting C．to get 11．（2023·湖南株洲·中考真题）Today, we must continue working ________ our skies blue, waters clean and lands clear. A．keep B．to keep C．keeping 12．（2023·福建·中考真题）It’s reported that China plans ________ astronauts to the moon before 2030. A．send B．sending C．to send 13．（2023·湖南郴州·中考真题）—Are you going to read the book Journey to the West? —Yes. Our teacher expects us ________ such traditional Chinese books. A．read B．reading C．to read 14．（2023·江苏扬州·中考真题）Science is my favourite subject, so I have prepared ________ the STEAM Club. A．join B．joining C．to join D．to joining 15．（2023·天津·中考真题）David learnt ________ when he was five. A．swim B．swims C．swam D．to swim 16．（21-22八年级上·黑龙江大庆·期末）—It’s time _______ dinner. —OK. Let’s _______. A．for; go B．for; to go C．to; going D．to; to go 17．（16-17九年级·全国·单元测试）It's dangerous ________ with the wild animals. A．of us to play B．of us playing C．for us playing D．for us to play 18．（18-19九年级上·全国·单元测试）I found ____difficult to work with the strange person． A．its B．this is C．it is D．it 19．（19-20八年级上·全国·单元测试）It's careless(粗心)______the same mistake again in your composition. A．for you to make B．for you making C．of you to make D．of you making 20．（24-25九年级上·全国·课后作业）It’s kind ________ you ________ me with my math. My math has improved a lot with your help. A．for; help B．of; help C．of; to help D．for; to help 二．写作精讲——谈论发明物的历史及用途 本单元话题是“风俗礼仪”，围绕这一话题谈论不同国家的礼仪，如见面礼仪、餐桌礼仪等，谈论在不同的场合应该做什么，了解不同国家的文化习俗。要求同学们能简单介绍不同国家人们见面时的礼仪习俗及日常生活中的习俗。最能体现本单元话题以及语言运用能力的作文为介绍不同国家风俗习惯的短文、书信或邮件等。 体裁：应用文(书信)；信的主体部分为说明文                     时态：一般现在时 人称：回信主体内容是给别人提建议，所以应该以第二人称you为主。 见面礼仪：custom, meet, visit, should, be different from, shake hands, be (not) supposed to, be expected to, first,second.then, finally smile and say “nihao", not kiss or hug, ·introduce younger ones to older ones, introduce men to women 餐桌礼仪：start to eat until everyone is at the table, not start eating first if there are older people at the table, not stick your chopsticks into your food, lay your chopsticks on your plate or bowl, not point at anyone with your chopsticks,not make any noise when you eat your soup, not speak with your mouth full of food, not hit an empty bowl with your chopsticks, accept it when the host 待客与做客礼仪：serve some fruit, offer some tea, receive the gift / present with two hands, not open the gift / present until the guests leave, use serving chopsticks or spoons to give out food call first before visiting your friend, knock on the door before entering the room, not leave without saying goodbye, arrive on time, bring some gifts /presents, express your thanks to the hosts when you leave “介绍风俗类”作文常用句型: 1. It's polite to... 2. It' s impolite / rude to ... .. 3. You should/shouldn't... 4. You' re (not) supposed to ... 5. You' re (not) expected to ... 6. It' s important to ... 7.Don't... 8.Never... 9. Remember (not) to ... 10. You' d better (not)... 11.One important thing is that … 12. Another example is that … 13. Also, … / What’s more, / besides, / for example, if, when, althouth, so… “介绍风俗类”作文常用常用习语 When in Rome, do as Romans do.入乡随俗。 “After you” is good manners. “您先请”是礼貌。 Custom is the guide of the ignorant.习俗是无知者的向导。 Custom makes all things easy.若照习俗办，万事皆不难。 列提纲 写句子 中国礼仪习俗 吃饭时 1.it’s impolite to stick your chopsticks into your food. You’re supposed to lay them on your plate or bowl.把筷子插进食物里是不礼貌的。你应该把它们放在盘子或碗里。 2.It’s polite to accept it when the host adds food to your plate or bowl. Don’t point at anyone with your chopsticks. Don’t make any noise when you eat your soup. 当主人把食物加到你的盘子或碗里时，接受是礼貌的。不要用筷子指着任何人。喝汤时不要发出任何声音。 在家 3.you’re supposed to speak to the old people politely. 你应该礼貌地和老人说话。 4.When you greet the host and his other family members, you shouldn’t kiss or hug them.当你问候主人和其他家庭成员时，你不应该亲吻或拥抱他们。 5.Instead, you’re supposed to shake hands with them. We usually do that. You should follow our customs.相反，你应该和他们握手。我们通常这样做。你应该遵守我们的习俗。 约他人外出 6.you should tell the host where you are going and who you are going with. It’s important to come back home by 10:00 p.m., or the host will worry about you. 你应该告诉主人你要去哪里，和谁一起去。晚上10点之前回家很重要，否则主人会担心你。 Dear Mark, You must be excited about coming to China soon. Let me give you some suggestions and advice about Chinese customs. When you’re eating at the table, it’s impolite to stick your chopsticks into your food. You’re supposed to lay them on your plate or bowl. It’s polite to accept it when the host adds food to your plate or bowl. Don’t point at anyone with your chopsticks. Don’t make any noise when you eat your soup. In our house, you’re supposed to speak to the old people politely. When you greet the host and his other family members, you shouldn’t kiss or hug them. Instead, you’re supposed to shake hands with them. We usually do that. You should follow our customs. When you go out with people, you should tell the host where you are going and who you are going with. It’s important to come back home by 10:00 p.m., or the host will worry about you. Have a safe trip, and I look forward to meeting you soon! Best wishes, Li Hua 亲爱的马克， 你一定很快就要来中国了。让我给你一些关于中国习俗的建议和建议。当你在餐桌上吃饭时，把筷子插入食物是不礼貌的。你应该把它们放在盘子或碗里。当主人把食物加到你的盘子或碗里时，接受是礼貌的。不要用筷子指着任何人。喝汤时不要发出任何声音。 在我们家里，你应该礼貌地和老人说话。当你问候主人和其他家庭成员时，你不应该亲吻或拥抱他们。相反，你应该和他们握手。我们通常这样做。你应该遵守我们的习俗。 当你和人出去时，你应该告诉主人你要去哪里，和谁一起去。晚上10点之前回家很重要，否则主人会担心你。 祝你一路平安，我期待着很快见到你！ 最美好的祝福， 李华 重点短语 1. for the first time 第一次 2. the first time ... 第一次…… 3. be supposed to do sth. 应该做某事 4. be expected to do sth. 被期望做某事 5. shake hands with sb. 和某人握手 6. hold out 伸出 7. to one's surprise 令/使某人意外的是 8. be relaxed about ... 对……感到放松 9. rush around 匆忙赶路 10. value the time 珍惜时间 11. in one's everyday life 在日常生活中 12. drop by 顺便拜访；随便进入 13. after all 毕竟、终究 14. get mad with sb. 生某人的气 15. make an/every effort to do sth. 努力做某事 16. heavy traffic 繁忙的交通 17. It's no big deal! 小事一桩！ 18 clean ... off 把……擦掉 19. be worth doing 值得做 20. table manners 餐桌礼仪 21. stick ... into ... 把……伸进…… 22. take off 脱下；（飞机）起飞 23. as ... as possible 尽可能…… 24. be worth the trouble 值得麻烦 25. point at 指着（侧重对象） 26. point to 指向（强调方向） 27. go out of one's way to do sth. 特地/努力做某事 28. make sb. feel at home 使……感到宾至如归 29. be comfortable doing sth. 自在地做某事 30. feel good about doing sth. 对做某事感觉良好 31. behave well / badly 表现好/不好 32. good / bad behavior 良好/恶劣举止 33. Chinese customs 中国的习俗 34. at the table 在桌上 35. at table 就餐 36. show up 出现；显现；赶到；使……出丑 37. show off 炫耀；显摆 38. show sb. around sp. 带某人参观某处 句子重难点解析 1. That's how people in Japan are expected to greet each other. 　这就是在日本人们应该互相问候的方式。 ⑴greet v. 问候,打招呼；迎接（= welcome / say hello to） 　常与with ... 或by doing ...搭配，表示“以…方式问候/打招呼” 　It's a friendly way to greet each other. 这是一种互致友好问候的方式。 　She rose to greet her guests. 她起身迎接客人。 ⑵expect sb. to do sth. 期望某人做某事　　be expected to do sth. 被期望某事 　His parents expect him to see them in a short time. 父母期望他马上来看望他们。 　She is expected to finish the job on time. 期望她按时完成工作。 2. Where I'm from, we are pretty relaxed about time. 我来的那个地方对时间非常放松。 ⑴where＋从句（……的地方） where引导地点状语从句，说明主句行为发生的地点。 　Just stay where you are. 就留在你原来的地方。 　Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者， 事竟成。 ⑵be relaxed about ... 对……感到放松 　Take it easy, just be relaxed about the interview. 别紧张，轻松面试。 3. We value the time we spend with our family and friends in our everyday lives. 　我们重视日常生活中和家人、朋友在一起的时光。 ⑴value v. 珍惜；重视 ⑵in one's everyday life 在日常生活中 4. We often just walk around the town center, seeing as many of our friends as we can. 　经常我们只是到市中心四处走走,尽可能多的见见我们的朋友。 　句中seeing……，属于现在分词短语作伴随状语。 　　伴随状语：指伴随着句子谓语动词的动作而发生或存在另一的动作或状态，即同一个主语发出两个动作或处于两种状态。 　The dog entered the room, following the boy. 　这条狗跟着男孩进了屋。（现在分词作伴随状语，表主动。） 　The boy entered the room, followed by his dog. 　男孩进了屋，后面跟着他的狗。（过去分词作伴随状语，表被动。） 5. We're the capital of clocks and watches, after all! 　after all 毕竟；终究；到底 　★放在句首时，用来提醒对方别忘记或忽略某个重要的事实或理由。 　So you see I was right after all! 你看,毕竟还是我对吧! 　After all, she's a big girl now. 毕竟，她现在是大姑娘了。 6. So I make an effort to be on time when I meet my friends. 因此我在见朋友时都努力做到守时。 　make an effort to do sth. 努力做…… You should make an effort to learn something new everyday. 我们必须努力去每天学一点新东西. 7. Also, we never visit a friend's house without calling first. 另外,我们从不事先未通电话便登门拜访朋友。 　★never和without是双重否定句，合在一起表达肯定意义。 　You will hardly ever be able to speak good English without practicing. 　你不练习几乎是不可能把英语学好的。 8. They go out of their way to make me feel at home. 他们特意使我觉得舒适自在。 ⑴go out of one's way to do sth. 特别费心地做……；努力做…… 　If you are in trouble, I will go out of my way to help you. 如果你遇到麻烦我会尽全力帮助你。 ⑵make sb. feel at home 使某人感到宾至如归/无拘无束/自由自在 　Good hotel service will make guests feel at home. 好的旅馆服务让游客有宾至如归的感觉。 9. You wouldn't believe how quickly my French has improved because of that. 　你绝不会相信就因为这样我的法语提高得有多快。 　常用句式：You wouldn't believe ……　你无法想象/你想都想不到/你绝不会相信……　 　表示所陈述的事情超出想象之外，类似的表达有You would never / hardly believe……。 　You wouldn't believe how active she is. 你无法想象她有多活跃！ 10. Another example is that you're not supposed to eat anything with your hand except bread, not even fruit. 除了面包以外，你不可以用手吃其他任何食物，就连水果也不可以。 ⑴except除……之外（没有……） ⑵besides t除……之外（还有……） ⑶but 除……之外（意义和except相似，语气较弱，常和nobody, nothing等不定代词连用。） 　★except，but一般不用于句首，但besides可用于句首。 三、句型归纳 1. I was supposed to arrive at 7:00, but ... 2. That’s how people in Japan are expected to greet each other. 3. In Switzerland, it’s very important to be on time. 4. If someone invites you to meet him or her at noon, then you’re expected to be there at noon. 5. You wouldn’t believe how quickly my French has improved because of that. 6. I’m very comfortable speaking French now. 7. My biggest challenge is learning how to behave at the dinner table. 8. I don’t find French customs so strange anymore. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 10 You’re supposed to shake hands. Unit10 话题 风俗礼仪 词汇 1_________.(v.&n.)亲吻，接吻 2.______（v.）和……打招呼；迎接 3._________(v.)重视，珍视（n.）价值 4._________(n.)首都；国都 5._________(n.)正午；中午 6._________(adj.)很生气；疯的 7._________(n.)护照 8._________(n.)粉笔 9._________(n.)黑板 10._________(adj.)北方的，北部的 11._________(n.)海岸；海滨 12._________(n.)季节 13._________(v.)敲;击(n.)敲击声；敲击 14._________(adj.)东方的，东部的 15.______(adj.)有...价值(的） 16.______(n.)方式；方法（pl.)礼貌；礼仪 17._________(adj.)空的;空洞的 18._________(adj.)基本的；基础的 19._________(n.&v.)交换 20._________(n.)（外）孙女 21._________(v.)表现，举止 22._________(prep.)除……之外（conj)除了；只是 23._________（n.）建议 短语 1.应当_________ 2.伸出手_________ 3.握手_________ 4.用错误的方式问候某人_________ 5.对……松懈_________ 6.欢迎晚会_________ 7....一...就..._________ 8. 珍惜时间_________ 9.顺便访问；随便进入_________ 10.毕竟；终归_________ 11.在中午_________ 12.大动肝火；气愤_________ 13.作出努力_________ 14.擦黑板_________ 15.脱掉手套_________ 16.把筷子插在食物上_________ 17 敲打空碗_________ 18. 特地；格外努力_________ 19.（某人）感到宾至如归_________20.给某人一些建议_________ 句型 1. You are supposed to shake hands.你应该握手。 2.In your country, what are you supposed to do when you meet someone for the first time?在你们国家,你与某人初次见面时,你应该做些什么? 3.I met a Japanese boy called Sato, and as soon as I held out my hand, he bowed.我遇到了一个名叫佐藤的日本男孩,我一伸出手他就鞠躬了。 4.So I just stood there with my hand out. 所以我就伸着手站在那里。 5.Where I’m from, we’re pretty relaxed about time.在我的家乡，我们对时间的要求相当宽松。 6. We value the time we spend with our family …我们珍惜与家人在一起的时间… 7.We often just drop by our friends’ home if we have time. 如果有时间，我们会经常到朋友家拜访。 8. If you’re even 15 minutes late, your friend may get mad.如果你迟到15分钟，你的朋友可能会生气。 9. So I make an effort to be on time when I meet my friends.因此当我去见朋友的时候我努力做到准时。 10. After class, students are supposed to clean the chalk off the blackboard. 下课后，学生们 应该把黑板上的粉笔字擦掉。 11.In many eastern European countries, you are supposed to take off your gloves before shaking hands.在许多东欧国家,握手前你应该先脱下手套。 12. ... but it is helpful to learn as many of these customs as possible. …但是尽可能多地学习这些文化风俗是有帮助的。 13. ... but it is worth the trouble if you want to understand another culture. …但是如果你想了解另一种文化，再麻烦也是值得的。 14. In China, it’s impolite to use your chopsticks to hit an empty bowl. 在中国，用筷子敲打空碗是不礼貌的。 15.They go out of their way to make me feel at home. 他们尽力使我感到宾至如归。 16. As you can imagine, things are very different from the way they are at home.正如你所能想象的，事情与在家里的情况大不相同。 17. Another example is that you’re not supposed to eat anything with your hands except bread, not even fruit. 另一个例子是除了面包外，你不应该用手拿着吃任何东西，甚至水果也不能。 18. I find it difficult to remember everything, but I’m gradually getting used to it.我发现很难记住所有的东西，但我逐渐习惯了。 语法 动词不定式 写作 风俗礼仪 参考答案： 【重点单词】 1.kiss 2.greet 3.value 4.capital 5.noon 6.mad 7.passport 8.chalk 9.blackboard 10.northern 11.coast 12.season 13.knock 14.eastern 15.worth 16.manner 17.empty 18.basic 19.exchange 20.granddaughter 21.behave 22.except 23.suggestion 【重点短语】 1.be supposed to/be expected to 2.hold out my hand 3.shake hands 4.greet sb. the wrong way 5.be relaxed about 6.the welcome party 7.as soon as 8.value the time 9.drop by 10.after all 11.at noon 12.get mad 13.make an effort 14.clean the chalk off the blackboard 15.take off the gloves 16.stick the chopsticks into the food 17 hit an empty bowl 18.go out of one’s way 19.make…feel at home 20.give sb. some suggestions and advice 考点1 suppose的用法 【教材原句】 You are supposed to shake hands.你应该握手。 【句型剖析】（1）动词suppose意为“猜想、假设”，suppose后接that从句，that可以省略。例如： I suppose he is not yet twenty. 我猜想他不到二十岁。 （2）be supposed to后面用动词原形，表示“被期望做某事、应该做某事”，相当于情态动词should。 　例如：You are supposed to say hello to the foreigners. 你应该跟这些外宾打招呼。 【句型拓展】（1）当句子的主语是人的时候，be supposed to表示“应该做某事、被期望做某事”，经常用来表示劝告、建议、义务和责任等。这里be supposed to相当于情态动词should。例如： 　You are supposed to ask our teacher if you want to leave the classroom. 　 如果你要离开教室，应该先问一问我们的老师。 （2）当句子的主语是物的时候，be supposed to表示“本应该”的意思，经常用来表示某事物本应该发生而没有发生。 　The meeting was supposed to take place on Tuesday, but we have to put it off. 　这个会议本应该在星期二举行，但我们不得不把他推迟了。 （3）短语be supposed to do sth.的否定形式是be not supposed to do sth，表示“命令和禁止”，意为“不应该做某事”。 You are not supposed to talk loudly in class.你不应该在课堂上大声交谈。 （4）be supposed to的后面接have+过去分词，表示“本应该做完的事情而没有做完”。 My mother is supposed to have arrived an hour ago. 我的妈妈应该一个小时前就到了。 【经典练】 1．You ________ come here before 8:30 tomorrow morning. A．suppose to B．supposed to C．are supposed to D．are supposed 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你应该在明天早上8点半前到达这里。考查一般现在时的被动语态。be supposed to do表示“被认为，应该，被期待”，主语为You，be动词应用are。故选C。 2．People are supposed ________ when they meet for the first time in America. A．shaking hands B．to shake hands C．kissing D．to kiss 【答案】B 【详解】句意：人们在美国初次见面时应该握手。 考查非谓语和动词辨析。shake hands握手；kiss亲吻。根据常识，在美国初次见面礼仪为握手，排除CD；be supposed to do sth.意为“应该做某事”，所以用动词不定式形式。故选B。 3．You ________ supposed ________ at eight o’clock, but you are late. A．are; arrive B．were; arrive C．are; to arrive D．will; arrive 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你应该八点到的，但你迟到了。 考查时态和非谓语。根据“You...supposed...at eight o’clock”可知，此处指你应该八点到的，考查“be supposed to do”“应该做”，且时态用一般现在时。故选C。 【写作佳句】 We are supposed to use both sides of paper. 考点2.for the first time的用法 【教材原句】In your country, what are you supposed to do when you meet someone for the first time?在你们国家,你与某人初次见面时,你应该做些什么? 【句型剖析】for the first time意为“第一次(做某事)”,在句中常作时间状语,它修饰的谓语常用现在完成时,也可以用一般过去时。 I have been here for the first time.我是第一次到这里。 I met him for the first time.我第一次见到了他。 【拓展】 for the last time最后一次 【比较】 the first time是名词短语,后接一个分句时,the first time相当于连词,引导时间状语从句,相当于as soon as。如: This is the first time I've been here.这是我第一次到这儿。 The first time I saw you, I felt I seemed to have met you somewhere before.当我第一次见到你时,我感觉似乎以前在哪里见过你。 【拓展】由time构成的其他短语: in time及时 on time准时 at times / from time to time有时;偶尔 by the time ..到 时候;到 之前 all the time总是;一直 【经典练】 1．The Smiths went to Hainan for vacation last week. It was _______ first time for them to go there. A．a B．an C．the 【答案】C 【详解】句意：史密斯一家上星期去海南度假了。这是他们第一次去那里。考查冠词。空后是序数词，用定冠词the。故选C。 2．When did you see the lightning ________ the first time? A．at B．on C．in D．for 【答案】D 【详解】句意：你第一次看到闪电是什么时候？考查介词辨析。at在；on在……上面；in在……里面；for为了。for the first time意为“首次”，固定用法。故选D。 【写作佳句】 At last, I finished my homework by myself for the first time. 考点 3.as soon as的用法 【教材原句】I met a Japanese boy called Sato, and as soon as I held out my hand, he bowed.我遇到了一个名叫佐藤的日本男孩,我一伸出手他就鞠躬了。 【句型剖析】as soon as意为“一......就......”常用来引导时间状语从句。当主句是一般过去时的时候,从句也用一般过去时。 【拓展】在含有as soon as引导的时间状语从句的复合句中,若主句是一般将来时、祈使句或含有情态动词,从句要用一般现在时表将来。 Ill call you as soon as I arrive home.我一到家就会给你打电话。 Please call me as soon as he comes back.他一回来就请给我打电话。 You can watch TV as soon as you finish your homework. 你一完成作业就可以看电视了。 【经典练】 1．We’ll certainly enter a good high school ___________ we work hard. A．as soon as B．as long as C．as far as D．even if 【答案】B 【详解】句意：只要我们努力，我们一定能进入一所好的高中。 考查连词辨析。as soon as一……就……；as long as只要；as far as就……来说；even if即使。努力工作是进入一个好高中的条件，应用as long as“只要”，引导条件状语从句，符合语境。故选B。 2．—Could you return this book to Mary? —Sure, no problem. I ________ it to her as soon as I ________ her. A．will return; will meet B．return; will meet C．will return; meet D．return; meet 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你能把这本书还给玛丽吗？——当然，没问题。我一见到她就还给她。 考查时间状语从句的主将从现。根据“as soon as”可知其引导的时间状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。故选C。 3．—Did you get wet on your way to school?   —No, ________ I went out, the rain had already stopped. A．as soon as B．as far as C．as long as D．not until 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你在上学的路上淋湿了吗？——不，我一出门，雨就停了。考查连词辨析。as soon as一……就……；as far as就……而言；as long as只要；not until直到……才。根据“…I went out, the rain had already stopped”可知，此处指一出门雨就停了， 应用as soon as引导时间状语从句。故选A。 【写作佳句】 As soon as you found my problem, you had a talk with me about how to learn English well. 考点4. with my hand out的用法 【教材原句】So I just stood there with my hand out. 所以我就伸着手站在那里。 【句型剖析】with my hand out意为“伸出我的手”。“with+名词+副词形容词”是介词with的常见复合结构,在句中作伴随状语。 She was sleeping, with the television on.她睡着了,电视机开着。 【拓展】 with还可用于以下结构: with+名词+介词(短语) Jim came back with a letter in his hand.吉姆手里拿着一封信回来了。 with+名词+不定式短语 With so much housework to do, she can't go to the party. 有这么多的家务活要做,她不能去参加聚会。 with+名词+现在分词(短语) I can't get to sleep with all this noise going on.这么吵,我睡不着。 with+名词+过去分词(短语) With her homework finished, she went out to play. 完成了家庭作业后,她便出去玩了。 "with+名词短语”,在句中作定语,位于所修饰的名词之后 She is a girl with long hair. 她是个长头发的女孩。 【经典练】 1．—Would you mind ________ the books for me?    —________. A．handing out; My pleasure B．hand out; For pleasure C．handing out; With pleasure D．hand out; It’s a pleasure 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你介意帮我把书分发一下吗？——我很乐意。 考查动名词和情景交际。My pleasure不客气（用来回答道谢）；For pleasure为了消遣；With pleasure很乐意，没问题（回答帮助对方时的用语）；It’s a pleasure别客气（用来回答感谢）。根据“Would you mind...the books for me?”可知，此处应用mind doing sth.“介意做某事”，此空应是动名词短语handing out“分发”，排除选项B和D；而此问句是在询问对方是否愿意提供帮助，此时可用“With pleasure”来回答。故选C。 2．Volunteers ________ leaflets to encourage more people to separate rubbish correctly. A．put out B．find out C．hand out D．turn out 【答案】C 【详解】句意：志愿者分发传单，鼓励更多的人正确分类垃圾。 考查动词短语。put out扑灭；find out找出；hand out分发；turn out结果是。根据“Volunteers...leaflets to encourage more people to separate rubbish correctly.”可知，此处表示分发传单，应用hand out。故选C。 考点5.value的用法 【教材原句】We value the time we spend with our family …我们珍惜与家人在一起的时间… 【句型剖析】（1）value 作动词，表示“看重，重视”。例如： If they value these data, let them pay for them. 他们要是看重这些数据，就让他们出钱买。 If you value your health then you’ll start being a little kinder to yourself. 如果你重视自己的健康，你就要开始对自己好一点。 （2）value 作及物动词，表示“评价，估价”。后接名词或代词作宾语，当宾语后接具体价格时，常用介词at。例如： I valued the bike at 200 yuan. 我估计这辆自行车值200元。 The used car has recently been valued at 3750 pounds. 这辆二手车作价为3750英镑。 【拓展】 （1）value 用作名词，基本意思是“价值，价格”，引申还可表示“用处，益处，重要性”。例如： Because of continual price increases, the value of the pound has fallen in recent years. 近年来由于物价不断上涨，英镑贬值了。 The value of this work experience should not be underestimated. 这种工作经验的重要性不应该被低估。 （2）value常用于of value to sb. 结构，表示“对某人有……价值”。例如： Good books are of great value to students. 好书对学生非常有用。 【经典练】 1．—Must I attend tomorrow’s meeting? —Yes. The meeting is ________. Besides, I have something ________ to discuss with you. A．of great value; great pleasure B．valuable; pleasant C．great valuable; pleasure D．value; pleasant 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我必须参加明天的会议吗？——是的。这次会议很有价值。此外，我还有一些愉快的事情要和你讨论。考查形容词的用法。valuable有价值的，形容词；value价值，名词；great pleasure很大的快乐，名词；pleasant愉快的，形容词。of great value=valuable“有价值的”，形容词，在第一个空中作be动词的表语，且修饰形容词用副词greatly，故排除CD；第二空作定语，修饰复合不定代词，用形容词pleasant“令人愉快的”。故选B。 2．I think it important to read books because books are of great ________ to us. A．value B．valuable C．harm D．harmful 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我认为读书很重要，因为书对我们有很大价值。 考查名词和形容词辨析。value价值，名词；valuable有价值的，形容词；harm伤害，名词/动词；harmful有害的，形容词。of后接名词，排除B和D；根据“I think it important to read books”可知，读书很重要，因为书对我们是有价值的，故选A。 3．I thought ________ necessary to accept his advice at that time because it was of great ________. A．it’s; valuable B．it; value C．it’s; value D．that; valuable 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我当时认为有必要接受他的建议，因为它很有价值。考查it及名词用法。value价值，名词；valuable有价值的，形容词。根据“I thought... necessary to accept his advice”可知，此处是“sb. think+it+形容词+to do sth.”结构，意为“某人认为做某事是……的”，其中it作形式宾语，不定式作真正的宾语；be of great value表示“很有价值”。故选B。 考点6.条件状语从句 【教材原句】 If you’re even 15 minutes late, your friend may get mad.如果你迟到15分钟，你的朋友可能会生气。 【句型剖析】这是含有if引导的条件状语从句的复合句，if译为“如果”。条件状语从句要用一般现在时表示将来，要注意if条件句的时态搭配： （1）if从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。例如： The cat will scratch you if you pull her tail. 如果你拉猫的尾巴，它就会抓你。 If the rain doesn’t stop, we will stay here. 如果这场雨不停的话，我们就呆在这儿。 （2）if从句用一般现在时，主句用情态动词。例如： If you want to lose weight, you should eat less bread. 如果想减肥，你应该少吃面包. （3）if从句用一般现在时，主句用祈使句。例如： If you want to get there on time, hurry up! 如果你想准时到达那里，要快一点。 【经典练】 1．________ you drive more carefully, you may have an accident. A．Unless B．Until C．If D．Because 【答案】A 【详解】句意：除非你开车更小心，否则你可能会出事故。 考查连词辨析。Unless除非；Until直到；If如果；Because因为。根据语境可知，此处表示某种条件或前提，指如果这种条件或前提不满足，则后面的情况或结果就会发生，用unless引导条件状语从句。故选A。 2．— Lily, ________ you are free after school, let’s go to the shop and buy a gift for Father. —OK, Lucy. Tomorrow is Father’s birthday. I almost forgot it. A．until B．if C．unless 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——莉莉，如果你放学后有空，我们去商店给爸爸买份礼物吧。——好的，露西。明天是爸爸的生日，我差点忘了。考查连词辨析。until直到；if如果；unless除非。根据“you are free after school, let’s go to the shop and buy a gift for Father.”可知，前句是后句的肯定条件，如果莉莉有时间，她们才能一起去买礼物，应用if引导条件状语从句。故选B。 3．If it ________ tomorrow, we will go to the park. A．isn’t rain B．won’t rain C．doesn’t rain 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如果明天不下雨，我们将去公园。 考查if引导的条件状语从句。根据“If it...tomorrow, we will go to the park.”可知，此处为If引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”的原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，故排除B项。rain是实义动词，因为主语是it，此处的否定形式是doesn’t rain。故选C。 【写作佳句】 I told him that he should tell me if he wanted to read the magazine. 考点7.make an effort to do sth的用法 【教材原句】So I make an effort to be on time when I meet my friends.因此当我去见朋友的时候我努力做到准时。 【句型剖析】make an effort to do sth. 意为“努力去做某事” You should make an effort to learn something new every day. 你应该每天努力去学一点新东西。 【拓展】 与effort相关的常用短语: make every effort to do sth.努力做某事 spare no effort to do sth.不遗余力地做某事 beyond effort力所不能及 in a common effort共同努力 without effort毫不费力地;轻松地 make no effort 不努力 with (an) effort艰难地 【经典练】 1．I’ll make ________ effort to do everything well. Please believe in me. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我会努力把每件事都做好。请相信我。考查冠词。a/an：一(个……)，表示泛指，a用于辅音音素开头的可数名词单数前；an用于元音音素开头的可数名词单数前。the：这 (些/那(些)，表示特指。根据“I’ll make...effort to do everything well.”可知，此处考查固定结构：make an effort to do sth.“努力做某事”，effort是元音音素开头，所以用an。故选B。 2．—I hope to get into a good senior high school. What should I do? —You should make an ________ to improve your skills of solving problems. A．excuse B．energy C．effort D．education 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我希望能进一所好的高中。我该怎么办？——你应该努力提高你解决问题的能力。考查名词辨析。excuse借口；energy能量；effort努力；education教育。根据“I hope to get into a good senior high school”可知，想要进入一所好高中，就要努力提高解决问题的能力。故选C。 考点8.clean ... off的用法 【教材原句】After class, students are supposed to clean the chalk off the blackboard. 下课后，学生们 应该把黑板上的粉笔字擦掉。 【句型剖析】clean ... off 意为“把… 擦掉” Please clean the drops of water off the mirror. 请把镜子上的水滴擦掉。 拓展: clean up 意为“打扫干净”。 After class, the students cleaned up the classroom. 下课后，学生们清扫了教室。 【经典练】 1．The student on duty are supposed to _________ the chalk _________ the blackboard before class. A．clean…off B．clean...up C．clean…out D．clean…away 【答案】A 【详解】句意：值日的学生应该在上课前把黑板上的粉笔字擦干净。考查动词短语辨析。clean off清理/清除；clean up清扫，尤指在干脏活后收拾干净；clean out彻底清理，是将某物扫除掉，将其扔掉，从而达到干净的效果；clean away除去。根据句意语境，可知clean the chalk off切合句意，故选A。 2．If you ______ the article _______ several parts, it will be easier to understand. A．compare; with B．clean; off C．divide; into D．turn; into 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如果将文章分成几个部分，则会更容易理解。compare…with…意为“把…和…作比较”，clean sth off sth意为“从某物上将他物刷掉﹑刮掉﹑擦掉”，divide…into…意为“将…分成…”，turn…into…意为“将…转变成…”，这里是表达“将文章分成几个部分”，故选C。 考点9. take off的用法 【教材原句】In many eastern European countries, you are supposed to take off your gloves before shaking hands.在许多东欧国家,握手前你应该先脱下手套。 【句型剖析】take off在该句中表示“脱下”,其反义短语为put on(穿上)。 It's too cold. You shouldn't take off your coat. Put it on quickly. 太冷了。你不应该脱掉外套。快点穿上。 【拓展】take off还可表示“(飞机等)起飞”,此时其反义短语为land on降落;着陆)。 The plane will take off soon.飞机马上就要起飞了。 【经典练】 1．We should ________ our hats when we watch the national flag raising ceremony (仪式). A．take off B．put off C．turn off D．get off 【答案】A 【详解】句意：当我们观看升国旗仪式时，我们应该摘掉帽子。 考查动词短语。take off脱下；put off推迟；turn off关；get off下车。根据“... our hats when we watch the national flag raising ceremony”可知，观看升国旗仪式时应该摘掉帽子。故选A。 2．—You’d better hurry. We’ll be late for the plane. —Don’t worry. It will _______ in two hours. A．get off B．turn off C．take off D．put off 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你最好快点。我们要赶不上飞机了。——不要担心。飞机两小时后起飞。 考查动词短语。get off下车；turn off关掉；take off起飞；put off推迟。根据“We’ll be late for the plane.”以及“Don’t worry. It will”可知设空处应该说的是飞机将于两小时后起飞。故选C。 3．Mr Black __________ Shanghai this afternoon. Do you know when the earliest plane to Shanghai __________? A．is leaving for; takes off B．leaves; takes off C．is leaving for; is taking off D．leaves; is taking off 【答案】A 【详解】句意：布莱克先生今天下午要去上海。你知道到上海最早的飞机何时起飞吗？ 考查动词短语的用法和时态。根据leave for“出发去某地”，现在进行时表示将来可知，第一空填is leaving for；固定短语“take off”起飞，结合句意和“when the earliest plane to Shanghai …”可知，此处应该是用一般现在时表计划要发生的动作，并且主语是the earliest plane to Shanghai，所以第二空填takes off。故选A。 考点10.worth的用法 【教材原句】 but it is worth the trouble if you want to understand another culture. ......但是如果你想了解另一种文化,麻烦一点也值得。 【句型剖析】worth为形容词,意为“值得;有. 价值(的)”,一般作表语，后面通常跟v-ing形式或表示金钱的名词。其用法如下: ①“be worth doing”意为“值得做”,句子的主语一般是do的宾语。 The place is worth visiting.这个地方值得参观。 ②“be worth+钱”意为“值多少钱”。 The picture is worth $ 30.这幅画值30美元。 ③“be worth+名词”意为“值得 I don't think it's worth our work.我觉得这件事不值得我们付出劳动。 【拓展】worth前面可用well、 really hardly、easily等词修饰,但不可以用very修饰。表示“很值得”时,应说well worth,而不说very worth。 The book is well worth reading.这本书很值得一读。 【经典练】 1．I think Amazing China is well worth _________. A．watching B．to watch C．watched 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我认为《美丽中国》很值得一看。 考查非谓语动词。be worth doing “值得做……”，固定搭配。故选A。 2．We are planning for our winter holiday. I think the Great Wall is well worth ________. A．visiting B．to visit C．visited 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们正在计划我们的寒假。我认为长城非常值得一游。 考查非谓语动词。根据“I think the Great Wall is well worth”可知，此处为固定搭配be worth doing“值得做”，应用动名词作宾语。故选A。 考点11. empty的用法 【教材原句】In China, it’s impolite to use your chopsticks to hit an empty bowl. 在中国，用筷子敲打空碗是不礼貌的。 【句型剖析】empty此处用作形容词，意为“空的”，在句中可用作表语或定语，其反义词是full（满的）。 e.g. There is an empty box in the the middle of the room. 在房间的中央有一个空箱子。 拓展：empty也可用作动词，意为“倒空”；其反义词为fill（装满）。 Please empty the cup. 请把杯子倒空。 【经典练】 1．The classroom is ________ because all the students have gone to the lab. A．full B．empty C．noisy D．lively 【答案】B 【详解】句意：教室是空的，因为所有的学生都去实验室了。考查形容词辨析。full满的；empty空的；noisy吵闹的；lively活泼的。根据“all the students have gone to the lab.”可知，所有学生都去实验室了，由此可知现在教室是空的。故选B。 2．—Do you mind if I sit next to you? —Of course not. The seat is ________. A．comfortable B．valuable C．full D．empty 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你介意我坐在你旁边吗？——当然不了。这个座位是空的。考查形容词辨析。comfortable舒适的；valuable有价值的；full满的；empty空的。根据“Of course not. The seat is”可知这个座位是空的，所以不介意坐在旁边。故选D。 3．—Hi, Ben. Is that box ________? —Yes, it is. There's nothing in it. You can put your old books inside. A．full B．empty C．heavy D．dark 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你好，本。那个盒子是空吗？——是的，它是。它里面没有什么。你可以把你的旧书放在里面。考查形容词。full满的；empty空的；heavy重的；dark黑暗的。根据“Yes, it is. There's nothing in it.”表示它里面没有什么，因此表示它是空的，故选B。 考点12.go out of one’s way to do sth和make的用法 【教材原句】They go out of their way to make me feel at home. 他们尽力使我感到宾至如归。 【句型剖析】go out of one’s way to do sth. 意为“特地（不怕麻烦地）做某事”。 He went out of his way to help me. 他竭力帮助我。 【句型剖析】make sb. feel at home 意为“使某人感到宾至如归” Do you know how to make every guest feel at home? 你知道如何使每位客人都感到宾至如归吗？ 【经典练】1．—Don’t make the computer games ________ your study. —Ok, I will. A．get in the way of B．go out of one’s way to C．make one’s way to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——不要让电脑游戏妨碍你的学习。——好的，我会的。考查动词短语。get in the way of妨碍；go out of one’s way to特意，专门；make one’s way to想方设法进入；根据“Don’t make the computer games...your study”可知，是不要让游戏妨碍了学习，故选A。 2．They ________ their way to make me ________ at home. A．get in; stay B．go out of; feel C．get on; to be D．go out; feel 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他们费尽心思让我感到宾至如归。考查动词及固定搭配。get in进入；stay停留；go out of走出；feel感觉；get on上车；to be存在；go out出去。根据题干可知，第一个空，考查固定搭配：go out of one’s way to do sth，意为“费尽心思做某事”；第二个空，make sb do sth“使某人做某事”；feel at home“感觉像在家一样”，结合句意：他们费尽心思让我有宾至如归的感觉，B选项符合题意。A选项，get in one’s way“妨碍某人、挡了某人的路”，不符合句意，C选项和D选项不与one’s way构成固定搭配；故选B。 3．They go out _____their way to make me ______ at home . A．in; feel B．of; to feel C．on; feel D．of; feel 【答案】D 【详解】go out  of one’s way to do表示不厌其烦地做某事，make后跟动词原形作补语，故本题选D。 4．—He always makes his mother ________.   —I think he is not a good son. A．cries B．cried C．crying D．cry 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——他总是把他妈妈弄哭。——我认为他不是个好儿子。考查动词不定式。cries动词的三单形式；cried动词的过去分词；crying动词的现在分词；cry动词原形。根据“make”可知，使役动词make后接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。故选D。 5．My father likes ________ funny stories and always makes us ________. A．tell; happy B．tell; happily C．telling; happy 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我爸爸喜欢讲好笑的笑话，他总是让我们开怀大笑。 考查动名词作宾语和形容词作宾语补足语。like doing sth.“喜欢做某事”，根据“makes us…”可知，make后接形容词作宾语补足语。故选C。 考点13.imagine的用法 【教材原句】As you can imagine, things are very different from the way they are at home.正如你所能想象的，事情与在家里的情况大不相同。 【句型剖析】imagine是动词，意为“想象，推测”，后面可接名词、代词、宾语从句、复合宾语，常用于结构：imagine doing sth. 想象做某事。例如： We can’t imagine what China will be like in the future. 我们无法想象将来中国是什么样子。 I can’t imagine leaving all my friends. 我无法想象离开我所有的朋友。 No one can imagine what would happen next. 没有人能想象出下一步会发生什么。 【经典练】 1．Sammy always imagines ______ in space one day. A．fly B．to fly C．flying 【答案】C 【详解】句意：萨米总是想象有一天在太空中飞行。 考查非谓语动词。imagine doing sth.表示“想象做某事”，此处使用动名词作宾语。故选C。 2．You can’t ________ my surprise when I got a piano as a present. A．show B．imagine C．create D．increase 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当我得到一架钢琴作为礼物时，你无法想象我的惊讶。 考查动词辨析。show展示；imagine想象；create创造；incerase增加。根据“You can’t...my surprise when I got a piano as a present”可知，设空处表达说话者的吃惊程度无法“想象”，选项B符合语境。故选B。 3．No one knows what life will be like in the future, but you can use your ________ to make a picture in your mind. A．knowledge B．invention C．courage D．imagination 【答案】D 【详解】句意：没有人知道未来的生活会是什么样子，但你可以用你的想象力在你的脑海里画出一幅图画。考查名词辨析。knowledge知识；invention发明；courage勇气；imagination想象。根据“make a picture in your mind”可知，在脑海里画画要运用想象。故选D。 【写作佳句】 As you can imagine, nothing makes me prouder than feeling my progress in English. 考点14.except的用法 【教材原句】Another example is that you’re not supposed to eat anything with your hands except bread, not even fruit. 另一个例子是除了面包外，你不应该用手拿着吃任何东西，甚至水果也不能。 【句型剖析】except 介词，意为“除……之外” We all went to the old people’s home except John. 除了约翰没去敬老院之外，我们都去了。 辨析：except与besides except表示“除……之外（不再有）”，指从整体中排除except所接的人或物。 All the students went to the zoo except Jim. 除了吉姆，所有的学生都去动物园了。 besides表示“除……之外（还有）”，它的意思是在原有的基础上加上besides除外的人或物。 I have a few good friends besides you. 除了你之外，我还有几个好朋友。 考点15. get used to和it做形式宾语的用法 【教材原句】 I find it difficult to remember everything, but I’m gradually getting used to it.我发现很难记住所有的东西，但我逐渐习惯了。 【句型剖析】动词短语get used to表示“渐渐习惯……”，后接名词、代词作宾语。与同义短语“be used to”略有不同。get used to强调的是由“不习惯”到“习惯”的这个过程，而“be used to”所强调的只是“习惯了”这个状态。例如： The food here is not so tasty but you will get used to that. 这里的伙食不怎么样，但你会慢慢习惯的。 The food here is not so tasty but he is used to that. 这里的伙食不怎么样，但是他已经习惯了。 He is used to getting up early. 他习惯了早起。 【句型剖析】当不定式用作宾语且其后跟有宾语补足语时，通常会在宾语补足语前使用形式宾语it，而将真正的宾语移至句末，其基本结构为“动词+it+宾语补足语+不定式短语”。例如： I find it difficult to do the job well. 我发现做好这个工作不容易。 I find it easy to get on with her. 我发现她很容易相处。 【拓展】当不定式、动名词、从句等用作主语时，为避免头重脚轻，通常在句首使用形式主语it，而把真正的主语放在句子末尾。例如： It’s a pity to refuse. 拒绝是令人遗憾的。 It’s no use saying any more about it. 再谈这事没有用。 It’s not known where she went. 她到哪里去了没人知道。 【注意】It is said / reported / believed / understood that… 这类结构中的 it 也是形式主语。 It’s reported that two people were injured in the accident. 据报道这次事故中有两人受伤。 【经典练】 1．The old man used to ________ alone, but now he gets used to ________ with his children. A．live; living B．living; live C．live; live D．living; living 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这位老人过去一个人住，但现在他习惯了和孩子们住在一起。 考查动词短语。used to do“过去常常做某事”；get/be used to doing“习惯做某事”，根据“The old man used to...alone, but now he gets used to...with his children.”可知此处指这位老人过去一个人住，但现在习惯了和孩子们住在一起，第一空用used to live，第二空用gets used to living。故选A。 2．He used to ________ up late last year, but now he is used to ________ up early because he wants to learn English in the morning. A．getting, getting B．get, getting C．get, get 【答案】B 【详解】句意：去年他常常很晚起床，但现在他习惯早起，因为他早上想学英语。 考查非谓语动词。根据短语used to do sth.“过去常常做某事”可知，第一空应选动词原形；根据短语be used to doing sth.“习惯做某事”可知，第二空应选动名词。故选B。 3．—Do you ________ the life here, Jim? —Sure, but I ________ dislike the local food. A．get used to; used to B．used to; get used to C．used to; didn’t use to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——吉姆，你习惯这里的生活吗？——当然，但是我过去不喜欢当地的食物。 考查动词短语。get used to doing sth.习惯做某事；used to do sth.过去常常做某事。根据“Do you…the life here, Jim?”可知，此处应询问对方是否习惯这里的生活，排除B选项和C选项；根据“Sure, but I…dislike the local food.”可知，此处表示过去不喜欢当地的食物，应用used to。故选A。 一．语法精讲——动词不定式 动词不定式 动词不定式是一种非谓语动词的形式，没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能单独作谓语，但在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语等。 基本形式 肯定 ： to do 否定 ：not to do 一. 作主语 1. 谓语动词用单数形式，为避免＂头重脚轻＂常用it作形式主语。常用句型有： ①It is +adj.+for/of sb.+(not)to do sth.意为＂做某事对某人来说是……＂。 ②It takes sb.+some time+to do sth.意为＂做某事花费某人多长时间＂ To learn English well is important. = It is important to learn English well. 形式主语 真正的主语 To master a language is not easy=It is not easy to master a language.学好一门语言是不容易的。 二. 作表语 动词不定式可放在系动词后作表语，说明主语的性质，内容，职业，身份等。 My dream is to be an engineer.我想成为一名工程师。 三. 作宾语 动词不定式常用在及物动词后，作宾语，其结构为“动词 + to do”。 常接动词不定式作宾语的动词有：would like, want, like,hope, wish, plan，decide,learn, agree, try, remember, forget, expect, refuse,afford, prefer, continue, promise, begin, start 等think,find,believe等动词可用于＂动词+it+adj.+to do sth.＂句型中。it作形式宾语，而真正的宾语是后面的不定式。 What do you plan to do this Saturday? 这周六你打算做什么？ He doesn’t need to clean his bedroom tonight. 他今晚不需要打扫房间。 I would like to make friends with you.我想要和你交朋友。 I find it difficult to pass my math exam.我发现要通过数学考试很难。 4. 作宾语补足语 动词不定式常用在宾语后，对宾语的动作或状态进行补充和说明， 构成“动词 + sb. to do sth.”的结构。否定形式多为“动词 + sb. not to do sth” 常接动词不定式做宾补的动词有：ask, teach, encourage, tell, advise, want, would like, wish, invite, allow等。 She often encourages us to ask more questions. 她经常鼓励我们多问问题。 五. 作定语 动词不定式放在名词、代词后作定语，两者之间常有逻辑上的动宾关系，因此，如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词，后面应该加上相应的介词。常接不定式作定语的名词有：time, need, way, chance, opportunity, courage, reason, effort, determination, decision ,ability, ambition 1. Can you give me a pen to write with?能给我一只用于书写的笔吗？ 2. Do you have something to say?你有什么要说的吗？ 六．作状语 动词不定式做状语用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，通常表示目的、原因、结果等。 1. 目的状语 动词不定式作目的状语，可放在句首或句末，译为“为了，目的是”。 He got up early to catch the first bus. 为了赶上第一辆公交车他起的很早。 2. 原因状语 动词不定式作原因状语时，常和某些形容词连用构成 “be+形容词+ to do”的形式。常见的形容词有：happy, glad, sorry, excited, surprised等。 We are glad to hear the news. 我们很开心听到这个消息。 3. 结果状语 动词不定式作结果状语时，常与enough或too连用，构成“adj.+ enough + to do sth” 或“too...to do...”的形式。 He is too young to go to school. 他年级太小不能上学。 He is strong enough to carry the heavy box. 他足够强壮能扛起那个沉重箱子。 七．疑问词+动词不定式 疑问词(what, which, when, where, how)与动词不定式连用，在句中作主语、表语和宾语。 Where to buy the book is my problem. (作主语) My question is when to start the meeting. (作表语) I don’t know how to deal with the problem. (作宾语) * 注意区别： I don’t know what to do. （what是疑问代词，可作及物动词do的宾语） I don’t know how to do it. (how 是疑问副词，不能做宾语） 不定式的特殊用法 ①使役动词和感官动词后跟动词不定式作宾语补足语，须省略to。此类动词有：一感(feel)、二听(hear, listen to)、三让(let, make, have)、四看(look at, see, watch, notice)、五帮(help)。变为被动语态时，省略的to则要加上。 ②动词不定式的否定形式是not to do，其被动形式为to be done。 ►Our teacher asked us not to swim in the river alone. 我们老师要求我们不要独自一人在河里游泳。 ③常接＂疑问词+带to的不定式＂的动词有teach, show, tell, learn, find out, decide, know, forget等。 ►My mother taught me how to cook yesterday. 昨天我妈妈教我如何做饭。 （二）be supposed to与be expected to的用法 一、语法概述 be supposed to意为“应该……”，相当于should；be expected to意为“应该……；被期望……”。两者都可用来表示根据规定或传统习惯应该做某事，两者中的to为不定式符号，后接动词原形。 二、be supposed to的用法 1.当主语是人时 be supposed to的主语是人时，意为“应该……”，用来表示劝告、建议、责任等。 Eg.We are supposed to share some housework with our parents when we have free time. 我们应在空闲时间帮父母分担些家务活。 2.当主语是事或物时 be supposed to的主语是事或物时，意为“本该；本应”，用于表示某事本应该发生而没有发生。 Eg.The meeting was supposed to take place on Tuesday, but we’ve had to put it off. 这个会议本应该在星期二举行，但我们不得不把它推迟了。 3.be supposed to do sth.的否定形式 be supposed to do sth.的否定形式为be not supposed to do sth.意为“不应该做某事”，表示命令或禁止。 Eg.In China, you are not supposed to start eating first if there are old people at the table. 在中国，如果餐桌上有老人，你就不应该先开始吃东西。 【拓展延伸】be supposed to have done表示“本应该做某事（实际上没做）”，相当于should have done。 Eg.He was supposed to have arrived an hour ago. 他本应该一小时之前到。 三、be expected to的用法 be expected to do sth. 意为“应该做某事”或“被期望做某事”，其表达的主观性比be supposed to do sth.更强。 Eg.You’re expected to clean the house. （我）希望你把房间打扫一下。 （三）It is +adj.+to do sth.的用法 一、It is +adj.+to do sth.的用法 It is +adj.+to do sth.意为“做某事是……的”，其中It为形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式（短语）。 Eg.It is hard to solve this problem. 解决这个问题很困难。形式主语 真正的主语 【拓展延伸】在该结构中，有时在to do sth.前加上for/of sb.，sb.是动词不定式（短语）的逻辑主语。其用法如下： It is+adj.+ for sb. to do sth.（对某人来说做某事是……的） of sb. to do sth.（做某事某人……） adj.描述的是人的性格、品质特征 这类形容词有kind, good, nice, polite等 adj.描述的是事物的特征 这类形容词有difficult, easy, important.dangerous等 【语境串记】It’s difficult for me to work out the physics problem, and it’s very kind of him to help me.对我来说，解出这道物理题太难了，他能帮我真是太好了。 1．（2024·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题）________ our students responsible and independent, military training (军训) has become tradition in China. A．Making B．To make C．Make 【答案】B 【详解】句意：为了培养学生的责任感和独立性，军训已成为中国的传统。考查非谓语动词。根据题干可知，军训是为了培养学生的责任感和独立性，应用动词不定式表目的，故选B。 2．（2024·江苏南通·中考真题）________ more about rare wild animals, I spent some time searching online last night. A．To learn B．Learning C．Learned D．Learn 【答案】A 【详解】句意：为了了解更多关于珍稀野生动物的信息，我昨晚花了一些时间在网上搜索。 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，“昨晚花了一些时间在网上搜索信息”的目的是“了解更多关于珍稀野生动物的信息”，作目的状语用动词不定式。故选A。 3．（2024·黑龙江·中考真题）Two ________ dollars is enough to buy the bike, but I can’t afford ________ it. A．hundreds, to buy B．hundreds, buy C．hundred, to buy 【答案】C 【详解】句意：两百美元足够买自行车了，但是我买不起。考查数词用法和不定式用法。hundred前面有具体数字时，用单数；动词短语afford to do sth表示“负担得起做某事”。故选C。 4．（2024·天津·中考真题）People may use different body language _________ the same feelings. A．show B．to show C．showed D．shows 【答案】B 【详解】句意：人们可能会用不同的肢体语言来表达同样的感受。 考查非谓语动词。use sth to do sth“用某物做某事”，使用动词不定式，故选B。 5．（2024·江苏扬州·中考真题）China has made great efforts ________ other countries build high-speed railways. A．help B．to help C．helping D．helped 【答案】B 【详解】句意：中国为帮助其他国家建设高速铁路做出了巨大努力。 考查非谓语动词。make great efforts to do sth.“努力做某事”，应用动词不定式。故选B。 6．（2024·云南·中考真题）Our headmaster will invite a scientist ________ us a speech on space technology. A．give B．given          C．giving D．to give 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们的校长将邀请一位科学家为我们做一次关于空间技术的演讲。 考查非谓语动词。invite sb. to do sth.“邀请某人做某事”，动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选D。 7．（2024·四川凉山·中考真题）______ teenagers’ eyesight, experts advise them to stay away from electronic products. A．Protect B．To protect C．Protecting 【答案】B 【详解】句意：为了保护青少年的视力，专家建议他们远离电子产品。 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，专家建议青少年远离电子产品的目的是保护他们的视力，此处是动词不定式作目的状语。故选B。 8．（2024·四川达州·中考真题）Qiqi hopes ________ medicine in Sichuan University. A．studies B．studying C．to study 【答案】C 【详解】句意：琪琪希望去四川大学学医。 考查非谓语动词。hope to do sth“希望做某事”，故选C。 9．（2023·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题）________ down air pollution, we should walk or take the bus instead of driving. A．Cut B．To cut C．Cutting 【答案】B 【详解】句意：为了减少空气污染，我们应该步行或乘公共汽车而不是开车。 考查动词形式。根据“we should walk or take the bus instead of driving.”可知，减少空气污染是目的，用动词不定式表目的。故选B。 10．（2023·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）Boys and girls, good luck and wish you ________ good grades in a new year. A．get B．getting C．to get 【答案】C 【详解】句意：同学们，祝你们好运，并祝你们在新的一年里取得好成绩。 考查非谓语动词。wish sb. to do sth.“希望某人做某事”，动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选C。 11．（2023·湖南株洲·中考真题）Today, we must continue working ________ our skies blue, waters clean and lands clear. A．keep B．to keep C．keeping 【答案】B 【详解】句意：今天，我们必须继续打好蓝天、碧水、净土保卫战。 考查非谓语动词。根据“our skies blue, waters clean and lands clear”可知蓝天、碧水、净土是继续工作的目的，空格处应用动词不定式表目的。故选B。 12．（2023·福建·中考真题）It’s reported that China plans ________ astronauts to the moon before 2030. A．send B．sending C．to send 【答案】C 【详解】句意：据报道，中国计划在2030年前将宇航员送上月球。 考查非谓语动词。plan to do sth“计划做某事”，为固定短语，故选C。 13．（2023·湖南郴州·中考真题）—Are you going to read the book Journey to the West? —Yes. Our teacher expects us ________ such traditional Chinese books. A．read B．reading C．to read 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你打算读《西游记》吗？——是的。我们老师希望我们读这样的中国传统书籍。 考查非谓语动词。expect sb to do sth“期待某人做某事”，所以此处使用动词不定式，故选C。 14．（2023·江苏扬州·中考真题）Science is my favourite subject, so I have prepared ________ the STEAM Club. A．join B．joining C．to join D．to joining 【答案】C 【详解】句意：科学是我最喜欢的科目，所以我已经准备加入 STEAM俱乐部了。 考查非谓语动词。prepare to do sth“准备做某事”，固定短语，所以空处用动词不定式，故选C。 15．（2023·天津·中考真题）David learnt ________ when he was five. A．swim B．swims C．swam D．to swim 【答案】D 【详解】句意：大卫五岁时学习游泳。 考查非谓语动词。learn to do sth“学习做某事”，为固定短语，故选D。 16．（21-22八年级上·黑龙江大庆·期末）—It’s time _______ dinner. —OK. Let’s _______. A．for; go B．for; to go C．to; going D．to; to go 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——是时候吃晚饭了。——好的，我们走。 考查介词辨析和非谓语动词。for为了；to表朝向。it’s time for sth.意为“是时候做某事了”，是固定搭配，可知第一空填for；let’s do sth.意为“让我们去做某事”，也是固定搭配，第二空填动词原形。故选A。 17．（16-17九年级·全国·单元测试）It's dangerous ________ with the wild animals. A．of us to play B．of us playing C．for us playing D．for us to play 【答案】D 【详解】句意：和野生动物一起玩对于我们来说是很危险的。这句话使用的句型是It is +形容词+for/of sb. to do sth.对于某人来说做某事是…的，因此先排除B和C。如果形容词是修饰人的，介词用of；形容词是修饰后面动词不定式的这件事的时候，用介词for。根据句意可知，这里应用介词for，故应选D。 18．（18-19九年级上·全国·单元测试）I found ____difficult to work with the strange person． A．its B．this is C．it is D．it 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我发现和陌生的人一起工作很困难。考查it用法。动词think/find/feel/believe/take/consider/make后面的宾语常用it代替做形式宾语，常见于“动词＋it＋宾语补足语＋真正宾语”结构。根据句意结构，可知选D。 19．（19-20八年级上·全国·单元测试）It's careless(粗心)______the same mistake again in your composition. A．for you to make B．for you making C．of you to make D．of you making 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你在你的作文中再次犯了同样的错误，你太粗心了。此题考查句式：It＋be＋adj.＋of sb.＋to do sth.。句中的careless说明sb. 具备的性格。故选C。 20．（24-25九年级上·全国·课后作业）It’s kind ________ you ________ me with my math. My math has improved a lot with your help. A．for; help B．of; help C．of; to help D．for; to help 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你帮助我学习数学真是太好了。在你的帮助下，我的数学进步了很多。 考查it固定句型。用for时形容词常与事物的特征有关；用of时形容词常与人的性格特点有关。分析“It’s kind...you...me with my math.”可知，此处形容词“kind”是“you”的性格特点，应用句式“It is+形容词+of sb.+to do sth.”表示“某人做某事怎样”，第二空应填不定式to help作真正的主语。故选C。 二．写作精讲——谈论发明物的历史及用途 本单元话题是“风俗礼仪”，围绕这一话题谈论不同国家的礼仪，如见面礼仪、餐桌礼仪等，谈论在不同的场合应该做什么，了解不同国家的文化习俗。要求同学们能简单介绍不同国家人们见面时的礼仪习俗及日常生活中的习俗。最能体现本单元话题以及语言运用能力的作文为介绍不同国家风俗习惯的短文、书信或邮件等。 体裁：应用文(书信)；信的主体部分为说明文                     时态：一般现在时 人称：回信主体内容是给别人提建议，所以应该以第二人称you为主。 见面礼仪：custom, meet, visit, should, be different from, shake hands, be (not) supposed to, be expected to, first,second.then, finally smile and say “nihao", not kiss or hug, ·introduce younger ones to older ones, introduce men to women 餐桌礼仪：start to eat until everyone is at the table, not start eating first if there are older people at the table, not stick your chopsticks into your food, lay your chopsticks on your plate or bowl, not point at anyone with your chopsticks,not make any noise when you eat your soup, not speak with your mouth full of food, not hit an empty bowl with your chopsticks, accept it when the host 待客与做客礼仪：serve some fruit, offer some tea, receive the gift / present with two hands, not open the gift / present until the guests leave, use serving chopsticks or spoons to give out food call first before visiting your friend, knock on the door before entering the room, not leave without saying goodbye, arrive on time, bring some gifts /presents, express your thanks to the hosts when you leave “介绍风俗类”作文常用句型: 1. It's polite to... 2. It' s impolite / rude to ... .. 3. You should/shouldn't... 4. You' re (not) supposed to ... 5. You' re (not) expected to ... 6. It' s important to ... 7.Don't... 8.Never... 9. Remember (not) to ... 10. You' d better (not)... 11.One important thing is that … 12. Another example is that … 13. Also, … / What’s more, / besides, / for example, if, when, althouth, so… “介绍风俗类”作文常用常用习语 When in Rome, do as Romans do.入乡随俗。 “After you” is good manners. “您先请”是礼貌。 Custom is the guide of the ignorant.习俗是无知者的向导。 Custom makes all things easy.若照习俗办，万事皆不难。 列提纲 写句子 中国礼仪习俗 吃饭时 1.it’s impolite to stick your chopsticks into your food. You’re supposed to lay them on your plate or bowl.把筷子插进食物里是不礼貌的。你应该把它们放在盘子或碗里。 2.It’s polite to accept it when the host adds food to your plate or bowl. Don’t point at anyone with your chopsticks. Don’t make any noise when you eat your soup. 当主人把食物加到你的盘子或碗里时，接受是礼貌的。不要用筷子指着任何人。喝汤时不要发出任何声音。 在家 3.you’re supposed to speak to the old people politely. 你应该礼貌地和老人说话。 4.When you greet the host and his other family members, you shouldn’t kiss or hug them.当你问候主人和其他家庭成员时，你不应该亲吻或拥抱他们。 5.Instead, you’re supposed to shake hands with them. We usually do that. You should follow our customs.相反，你应该和他们握手。我们通常这样做。你应该遵守我们的习俗。 约他人外出 6.you should tell the host where you are going and who you are going with. It’s important to come back home by 10:00 p.m., or the host will worry about you. 你应该告诉主人你要去哪里，和谁一起去。晚上10点之前回家很重要，否则主人会担心你。 Dear Mark, You must be excited about coming to China soon. Let me give you some suggestions and advice about Chinese customs. When you’re eating at the table, it’s impolite to stick your chopsticks into your food. You’re supposed to lay them on your plate or bowl. It’s polite to accept it when the host adds food to your plate or bowl. Don’t point at anyone with your chopsticks. Don’t make any noise when you eat your soup. In our house, you’re supposed to speak to the old people politely. When you greet the host and his other family members, you shouldn’t kiss or hug them. Instead, you’re supposed to shake hands with them. We usually do that. You should follow our customs. When you go out with people, you should tell the host where you are going and who you are going with. It’s important to come back home by 10:00 p.m., or the host will worry about you. Have a safe trip, and I look forward to meeting you soon! Best wishes, Li Hua 亲爱的马克， 你一定很快就要来中国了。让我给你一些关于中国习俗的建议和建议。当你在餐桌上吃饭时，把筷子插入食物是不礼貌的。你应该把它们放在盘子或碗里。当主人把食物加到你的盘子或碗里时，接受是礼貌的。不要用筷子指着任何人。喝汤时不要发出任何声音。 在我们家里，你应该礼貌地和老人说话。当你问候主人和其他家庭成员时，你不应该亲吻或拥抱他们。相反，你应该和他们握手。我们通常这样做。你应该遵守我们的习俗。 当你和人出去时，你应该告诉主人你要去哪里，和谁一起去。晚上10点之前回家很重要，否则主人会担心你。 祝你一路平安，我期待着很快见到你！ 最美好的祝福， 李华 重点短语 1. for the first time 第一次 2. the first time ... 第一次…… 3. be supposed to do sth. 应该做某事 4. be expected to do sth. 被期望做某事 5. shake hands with sb. 和某人握手 6. hold out 伸出 7. to one's surprise 令/使某人意外的是 8. be relaxed about ... 对……感到放松 9. rush around 匆忙赶路 10. value the time 珍惜时间 11. in one's everyday life 在日常生活中 12. drop by 顺便拜访；随便进入 13. after all 毕竟、终究 14. get mad with sb. 生某人的气 15. make an/every effort to do sth. 努力做某事 16. heavy traffic 繁忙的交通 17. It's no big deal! 小事一桩！ 18 clean ... off 把……擦掉 19. be worth doing 值得做 20. table manners 餐桌礼仪 21. stick ... into ... 把……伸进…… 22. take off 脱下；（飞机）起飞 23. as ... as possible 尽可能…… 24. be worth the trouble 值得麻烦 25. point at 指着（侧重对象） 26. point to 指向（强调方向） 27. go out of one's way to do sth. 特地/努力做某事 28. make sb. feel at home 使……感到宾至如归 29. be comfortable doing sth. 自在地做某事 30. feel good about doing sth. 对做某事感觉良好 31. behave well / badly 表现好/不好 32. good / bad behavior 良好/恶劣举止 33. Chinese customs 中国的习俗 34. at the table 在桌上 35. at table 就餐 36. show up 出现；显现；赶到；使……出丑 37. show off 炫耀；显摆 38. show sb. around sp. 带某人参观某处 句子重难点解析 1. That's how people in Japan are expected to greet each other. 　这就是在日本人们应该互相问候的方式。 ⑴greet v. 问候,打招呼；迎接（= welcome / say hello to） 　常与with ... 或by doing ...搭配，表示“以…方式问候/打招呼” 　It's a friendly way to greet each other. 这是一种互致友好问候的方式。 　She rose to greet her guests. 她起身迎接客人。 ⑵expect sb. to do sth. 期望某人做某事　　be expected to do sth. 被期望某事 　His parents expect him to see them in a short time. 父母期望他马上来看望他们。 　She is expected to finish the job on time. 期望她按时完成工作。 2. Where I'm from, we are pretty relaxed about time. 我来的那个地方对时间非常放松。 ⑴where＋从句（……的地方） where引导地点状语从句，说明主句行为发生的地点。 　Just stay where you are. 就留在你原来的地方。 　Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者， 事竟成。 ⑵be relaxed about ... 对……感到放松 　Take it easy, just be relaxed about the interview. 别紧张，轻松面试。 3. We value the time we spend with our family and friends in our everyday lives. 　我们重视日常生活中和家人、朋友在一起的时光。 ⑴value v. 珍惜；重视 ⑵in one's everyday life 在日常生活中 4. We often just walk around the town center, seeing as many of our friends as we can. 　经常我们只是到市中心四处走走,尽可能多的见见我们的朋友。 　句中seeing……，属于现在分词短语作伴随状语。 　　伴随状语：指伴随着句子谓语动词的动作而发生或存在另一的动作或状态，即同一个主语发出两个动作或处于两种状态。 　The dog entered the room, following the boy. 　这条狗跟着男孩进了屋。（现在分词作伴随状语，表主动。） 　The boy entered the room, followed by his dog. 　男孩进了屋，后面跟着他的狗。（过去分词作伴随状语，表被动。） 5. We're the capital of clocks and watches, after all! 　after all 毕竟；终究；到底 　★放在句首时，用来提醒对方别忘记或忽略某个重要的事实或理由。 　So you see I was right after all! 你看,毕竟还是我对吧! 　After all, she's a big girl now. 毕竟，她现在是大姑娘了。 6. So I make an effort to be on time when I meet my friends. 因此我在见朋友时都努力做到守时。 　make an effort to do sth. 努力做…… You should make an effort to learn something new everyday. 我们必须努力去每天学一点新东西. 7. Also, we never visit a friend's house without calling first. 另外,我们从不事先未通电话便登门拜访朋友。 　★never和without是双重否定句，合在一起表达肯定意义。 　You will hardly ever be able to speak good English without practicing. 　你不练习几乎是不可能把英语学好的。 8. They go out of their way to make me feel at home. 他们特意使我觉得舒适自在。 ⑴go out of one's way to do sth. 特别费心地做……；努力做…… 　If you are in trouble, I will go out of my way to help you. 如果你遇到麻烦我会尽全力帮助你。 ⑵make sb. feel at home 使某人感到宾至如归/无拘无束/自由自在 　Good hotel service will make guests feel at home. 好的旅馆服务让游客有宾至如归的感觉。 9. You wouldn't believe how quickly my French has improved because of that. 　你绝不会相信就因为这样我的法语提高得有多快。 　常用句式：You wouldn't believe ……　你无法想象/你想都想不到/你绝不会相信……　 　表示所陈述的事情超出想象之外，类似的表达有You would never / hardly believe……。 　You wouldn't believe how active she is. 你无法想象她有多活跃！ 10. Another example is that you're not supposed to eat anything with your hand except bread, not even fruit. 除了面包以外，你不可以用手吃其他任何食物，就连水果也不可以。 ⑴except除……之外（没有……） ⑵besides t除……之外（还有……） ⑶but 除……之外（意义和except相似，语气较弱，常和nobody, nothing等不定代词连用。） 　★except，but一般不用于句首，但besides可用于句首。 三、句型归纳 1. I was supposed to arrive at 7:00, but ... 2. That’s how people in Japan are expected to greet each other. 3. In Switzerland, it’s very important to be on time. 4. If someone invites you to meet him or her at noon, then you’re expected to be there at noon. 5. You wouldn’t believe how quickly my French has improved because of that. 6. I’m very comfortable speaking French now. 7. My biggest challenge is learning how to behave at the dinner table. 8. I don’t find French customs so strange anymore. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$