选择性必修二Unit 3 Fit for Life 强基固本-2025届新高考英语一轮复习强基固本能力提升(译林版2020)

选择性必修二Unit 3 Fit for Life 强基固本 一、全部单词 序号 原词 词性、词义 词性/形转换 1 n.外科医生 ________ n.外科手术 ________ adj.外科的，外科手术的 2 n.医师，内科医生 ________ n.物理学，物理特性 ________ n.物理学家 ________ adj.身体的，物质的，物理的 3 n.药剂师，药商；化学家 ________ n.化学，化学成分 ________ n.化学制品 adj.化学的；化学作用的 (adv.________) 4 n.牙科医生 5 (also ________) vi.专门研究(或从事)，专攻 ________ adj.特别的，重要的，特设的，专用的，特有的 n.特别的东西(活动、节目等) (adv.________) ________ n.专门(业)化，专业，专门(性)，特殊性 ________ adj.专用(门)的，专业的 ________ n.专家，专科医生 6 *gene 7 adj.改变游戏规则的(指彻底改变事态发展的) 8 *genome 9 n.细胞 10 n.生物；存在；身心 11 n.寿命，有效期 12 vt.影响；侵袭，使感染；深深打动 ________ adj.受感动的，受影响的，假装的，做作的 ________ n.喜爱，感情，影响，感染 ________ adv.慈爱的，充满爱的，亲切的 (adv. ________ ) 13 vt.感染(疾病)；与……订立合同(或契约) n.合同，合约 ________ n.收缩，缩小 ________ n.订约人，承包商，合同工 14 n.病毒；(计算机程序中的)病毒 15 n.癌症；邪恶，毒瘤 16 vt.找到，发现；确认，认出；显示，说明身份 ________ n.验明，鉴定，认出，身份证明 ________ n.同一性，身份，认同 ________ adj.完全同样的，同一的 ________ adj.可识别的，可辨认的 17 vi.& vt.联系，使有联系；叙述，讲述 ________ adj.有关的，有亲缘关系的 ________ n.关系，叙述，亲属 ________ adj.相对的，相关的 ________ n.相对 (________________相对论) 18 n.(pl.means) 方法，方式；财富，钱财 注意相似词形的词： ________ adj.吝啬的，小气的；刻薄的；不善良的 ________ n.意思，含义；重要性，价值，意义 ________ adj.有意义的，意味深长的(反义词________) 19 vt.删去，删除 ________ n.删除，删去的部分 20 vt.恢复；修复；使复原，使复位 ________ n.(规章制度等的)恢复，修复，整修 21 adv.最终；根本上 ________ adj.最后的；极端的；最好的；根本的 n.最好的事物；极品；精华 22 adj.反常的，畸形的 ________ adv.反常地，不正常地，畸形地 ________ adj.正常的，一般的 n.常态，通常标准 (adv. ________) 23 n.武器，手段；兵器 24 adj.十分重大的，根本的；基础的，基本的 n.基本规律，根本法则，基础 ________ adv.从根本上说，基本上 25 n.发生的速度，节奏；步速；快节奏 vi.& vt.来回踱步，走来走去；确定速度，调整节奏 26 vi.(arose, arisen) 发生，出现；(由……)引起，(因……)产生 27 vt.限制，限定；束缚，妨碍；约束，管束 ________ adj.受限制的 ________ n.限制，约束 ________ adj.限制(约束)(性)的 28 vt.(尤指以法令)禁止；使不可能 ________ n.禁令(律)，禁(阻)止 ________ adj.禁令(律)的，禁(阻)止的 29 n.抵抗力；抵制，反对；抵抗，反抗 ________ vt.& vi.反抗；抵制；忍住；抗拒 ________ adj.有抵抗力的，抵抗的；抵制的；抗……的，反抗的 30 n.流行性感冒，流感 31 n.特征，特点 adj.典型的，独特的 ________ n.品质，性格；特点；人物，角色；文字 ________ vt.是……的特征，以……为典型；使……具有特点；描述，刻画 ________ adv.典型地 32 vi.& vt.奋力对付，努力处理；摔跤 ________ n.摔跤运动 ________ n.摔跤手 33 vt.& vi.讨论，辩论；仔细考虑，思考 n.讨论，争论；辩论 34 n.调查发现，调研结果 ________ vt.发现；找到；认为 35 adj.成熟的；时机成熟的 ________ vi.& vt.(使)成熟，时机成熟 36 vi.&vt.(withdrew,withdrawn)脱离(社会)，不与人交往；(使)撤回；(使)退出；停止提供 ________ n.撤回，(对说过的话的)收回，退出(组织) 37 vt.配备；使有能力 ________ n.设备；配备，装备 ________(________) adj.装备齐全的，有能力的 38 adj.人工的，人造的；人为的；虚假的 ________ adv.人为地，人工造地，不自然地 39 *limb 40 n.橡胶；橡皮 41 adj.外向的 42 adj.感激的，表示感谢的 ________ n.感谢；感激，感激的心情 43 adj.有残疾的，丧失能力的 ________ vt.使丧失能力 ________ adj.能(够)；有才能的 44 n.缺陷，障碍 45 adj.传统的，习惯的；依照惯例的，遵循习俗的 ________ adv.照惯例，传统意义上 ________ n.惯例，习俗，传统手法， 传统风格，大会 46 n.皮革 47 adj.感觉的，感官的 ________ n.感觉，感官 ________ adj.感觉敏锐的；体贴的；敏感的；灵敏的 ________ adj.理智的，合理的 48 n.专利，专利证书 adj.有专利的，受专利保护的 49 vt.增加，刺激；给……提供燃料 n.燃料 50 vt.使不安；打扰；搅乱 ________ adj.令人不安的，引起烦恼的 ________ adj.心神不安的，心烦意乱的，心理失常的 ________ n.打扰，动乱，动(骚)乱 51 vt.应付，处理，解决 52 adv.积极地，果断地；正面相撞地 adj.迎头相撞的；正面反对的 53 vt.& vi.调整，调节；适应，习惯；整理 ________ n.调整；调节；适应 ________ adj.可调节的 54 (AmE ________) n.厘米 55 *acupuncture 56 n.针；注射针；指针 57 n.证据，证明；物证，人证 vt.证明，表明 ________ adj.明显的，显而易见的，显然的，清楚的 ________ adv.显然，明显地，据说 58 adj.实心的；固体的；结实的；纯色的 ________ adv.牢固地，坚定地，坚固地，结实地 ________ n.坚固，可靠 59 vi.& vt.转变；交换；调班 n.开关，闸；转变，改变 60 adj.不生锈的 61 n.钢；钢铁工业 62 (AmE millimeter) n.毫米 63 n.私人诊所；门诊部；门诊时间 64 vt.检查，检验；审查，调查；考，测试；审问 ________ n.考试；检查；查问 65 n.舌头；语言 66 n.脉搏 vi.搏动，跳动；洋溢着 67 n.手腕，腕关节 68 n.器官；风琴；机构，机关 69 adj.十分严重的，极为恶劣的；严厉的；艰难的 ________ adv.严重地；严厉地，恶劣地，困难地，严厉(格)地 ________ n.严重，严厉，苛刻，剧烈 70 n.焦虑；担心；渴望 ________ adj.忧虑的，担心的；令人焦虑的；渴望的 ________ adv.不安地，忧虑地 71 vt.滥用；虐待；辱骂 n.滥用；虐待；辱骂 ________ n.施虐者 ________ adj.辱(谩)骂的，侮辱性的，恶语的 72 n.酒精，酒 ________ adj.酒精的；含酒精的，酗酒的 n.酒鬼 ________ n.酗酒 73 tobacco 74 n.毒品；药物 75 n.(pl.________) 现象 76 n.物质；要点 ________ adj.大量的，价值巨大的，实质性的 ________ adv.基本上，大体上，大大地 77 n.象征；符号，代号 ________ v.象征 ________ adj.用作象征的，具有象征意义的 (adv. ________) ________ n.象征主义，象征手法 78 adj.分布广的，普遍的，广泛的 79 *bandage 80 n.传染，感染 ________ adj.被感染的，带菌的，感染病菌的 ________ adj.传染的；易传染的，传染性的，感染的(尤指通过呼吸)，患有传染病，有传染力 81 n.(医院的) 科，部门，局，系 二、重要短语 序 号 英语短语 汉语意义 1 由……引起/产生(＝arise out of) 从……中产生，从……站起来 拓展 result from 2 装备(equip ... with ...) 3 对……感激 拓展 express one’s gratitude to sb. 4 染上某种病毒 5 追溯到，始于，自……至今 6 引发(对……的)担忧 7 竭尽全力做某事，不遗余力做某事 8 禁止某人做某事 9 准备就绪 10 对……施加压力 11 涉及，与……相关 12 专门研究(或从事)……；专攻…… 13 切换到；转变成 拓展 switch off switch over to 14 努力处理，全力解决 15 脱离(社会)，不与人交往 16 对某人有利 17 高龄 18 快速 19 借助，依靠 20 毫无疑问，的确 拓展 There’s no/little doubt that... There’s some doubt whether ... doubt whether/if... in doubt doubt about... 三、经典句型 1. 在我的职业生涯中，我见证了许多了不起的科研成果，但没有一项能像基因组编辑一样具有颠覆性。 (“否定词＋as/so＋形容词/副词原级＋as”表示最高级含义) 2. 如果没有他们，基因组编辑就会像失控的汽车一样危险。(含蓄虚拟条件) 3. 有证据表明针刺疗法可追溯到石器时代，当时一种叫做“砭”的石器被用来按压身体部位。 (there be +名词+从句) 一、核心词汇 【词不离句】A dentist specializes in the care of people’s teeth.(P29) 【拓展延伸】 specialize in专攻，主修，主攻，擅长，致力于 with specialized knowledge具有专业/专门知识 require specialized knowledge需要/要求专业/专门知识 【词不离句】It also contains information that helps determine our lifespan and affects our chances of contracting certain diseases.(P30) 【拓展延伸】 be affected by被……打动 have a great affection for非常喜欢……，深爱(有很深的感情) gain/win sb.’s affection得到某人的喜爱，受到某人的青睐 with no sign of affection没有流露出爱意 注意：不要跟effect(为名词)想混 have a bad/good effect on对……产生/有不良(坏)/好的影响 【词不离句】Geneticists have been trying to identify which genes relate to which diseases, as they believe genome editing is an effective means of disease treatment and prevention.(P30) 【拓展延伸】 identify...as...确认是，证明是，认为是……；鉴别出/认出…… identify oneself to sb. as…向某人表明自己是…… identify with sb./sth.认同……；与……有同感 identification card身份证(identity card)；标识卡 【词不离句】Geneticists have been trying to identify which genes relate to which diseases, as they believe genome editing is an effective means of disease treatment and prevention.(P30) 【拓展延伸】 relate to涉及，与……相关 relate A to B把A和B联系起来 be related to与……有关/有联系 relate sth.to sb.向某人叙述/讲述某事 in relation to关于，与……相比 注意：“与……有关/联系”的表达方式： be associated with be connected to/with be relevant to have sth. to do with 【词不离句】Geneticists have been trying to identify which genes relate to which diseases, as they believe genome editing is an effective means of disease treatment and prevention.(P30) 【拓展延伸】 a means of一种……的方式 by all means尽一切办法，务必 by means of借助；依靠 by no means绝不，一点也不(位于句首句子要用部分倒装) by this means用这种方法 【词不离句】Should we prohibit geneticists from using it to enhance healthy bodies?(P31) 【拓展延伸】 prohibit(sb’s)doing sth.禁止(某人)做某事，阻止(某人)做某事 prohibit sb.from doing sth.=prohibit sb’s dong sth.阻止某人做某事，禁止某人做某事 the prohibition against/on/of ...……的禁令 拓展：ban/discourage/keep/stop sb. from doing sth阻止某人做某事 forbid sb.to do sth./forbid sb. from doing sth./forbid sb’s doing sth.禁止某人做某事 forbid doing sth./forbid sb to do sth.禁止做某事/禁止某人做某事 prohibit sb. from doing sth.禁止某人做某事 【词不离句】As the technology continues to develop at a fast pace, however, questions arise about how to use it appropriately.(P31) 【拓展延伸】 arise from由……引起/产生(＝arise out of=result from)，从……中产生，从……站起来 注意相似词形的词：rise，raise，arise，arouse四个词看起来很像，其实差别较大。 单词 用法与举例例 rise vi. (rise，risen) 上升，升起，升高，上涨，说明主语自身移向较高位置，常用于日、月、云、雾、烟、蒸汽、河水、温度、物价等，无被动语态。此外，rise还可以作为名词用：give sb. a rise给某人加工资。 例如：The sun rose at seven o’clock. 太阳七点钟升起。 The river has risen by several meters.河水上涨了几米。 Unemployment may be a potential cause of the rising crime rate. 失业可能是犯罪率攀升的潜在原因。 The boss promised to give her a rise.老板答应要给她加薪水。 arise vi. (arose，arisen) (问题、困难)出现、发生、产生，主语一般为抽象名词，如problem, trouble, quarrel, difficulty, misunderstanding等，无被动语态。常见短语：arise from/out of...由……引起，因……产生 例如：Accidents always arise from the carelessness.许多事故都源于粗心。 They are talking about problems arising out of/arising from the lack of communication.他们正在谈论由于缺乏交流而产生的问题。 raise vt. (raised, raised) 提高(raise one’s awareness of提高某人的认识)，增加(raise one’s salary/salaries加工资)、招募(raise an army军队)、养育、抚养(raise a family抚养一家人)、饲养(raise an animal饲养一头动物)、举起(raise one’s hand举手)，说明主语发出的动作要作用于其他事物，往往有使物体达到其应有的高度的含义。可用于被动语态。 例如：Many people participated in the campaign which aims to raise awareness of the dangers of passive smoking很多人参加了这项运动，它旨在提高人们对被动吸烟 危害的认识。 After having a talk with the employees, the employer decided to give them a rise/raise their salaries from next month.和雇员们谈话后，老板决定从下个月开始给他们涨工资。 She raised her head and went out without a word.她什么也没说，扬起头走了出去。 arouse vt. (aroused, aroused) 激起、唤醒，激起，引起(感情、态度)可用于被动语态。 arouse one’s interest/sympathy/awareness唤起某人的兴趣/同情心/提高某人的认识 例如：He fell into a sound sleep. Don’t arouse him.他睡熟了，别叫醒他。 He was aroused from his sleep by the doorbell.门铃声把他从睡眠中唤醒。 The lecture aims to arouse students’ awareness of water crisis. 这次讲座旨在唤起学生对水危机的意识。 It is human activity that has led to global warming, which has aroused widespread concern.是人类活动导致了全球变暖，这引起了广泛的担忧。 【词不离句】One day soon we will be able to use genome editing to increase the human resistance to colds and flus, to make people taller, to help their muscles develop faster, to sharpen all of their senses or to make them more intelligent.(P31) 【拓展延伸】 resistance to对……的抵制/抵抗 resist(doing)sth.抵制(做)某事 resist the temptation抵制诱惑 can’t resist doing sth.忍不住做某事 be resistant to sth.对……有抵抗力；抵制某事 【词不离句】There is still much to be explored and debated on the subject of genome editing.(P31) 【拓展延伸】 debate with sb about/on/over sth.就某事和某人辩论 debating skills辩论技巧 have/hold a heated debate on/about ...进行一场关于……的激烈的辩论/讨论 have/hold a debate against sb.与某人对阵/对抗 beyond/without debate无可争辩 under debate在讨论中，在辩论中 【词不离句】The figures disturb the school authorities, who have decided to tackle this problem head-on.(P37) 【拓展延伸】 disturb the social order扰乱社会治安，扰乱社会秩序 disturb the peace扰乱平静 create/cause a disturbance制造/引起骚乱 (be)mentally/emotionally disturbed精神/情绪失常/错乱 some disturbing facts令人不安的真相 be disturbed by为……感到不安 It disturbs/disturbed sb. to do sth.做某事使某人不安 【词不离句】The school has adjusted all the lights to make sure the classrooms are well lit.(P37) 【拓展延伸】 adjust...to根据……调整……，调整到…… adjust(oneself)to适应 adjust to doing sth.适应做某事 make adjustment/adjustments to对……作出调整 【词不离句】There is evidence that acupuncture dates back to the Stone Age, when stone tools called bian were used to press areas of the body.(P39) 【拓展延伸】 evidence of/for sth.某事/物的证据 give evidence出庭作证，提供证据 the evidence against sb.对某人不利的证据 be evident to sb.对某人来说很明显 There be(no)(convincing/solid)evidence +to do或of介词短语或that从句... 有(没有)(令人信服的/确凿的)证据表明…… It be evident + that从句 ...显然/很明显…… 【词不离句】Some acupuncturists today still use gold and silver needles, but the majority have now switched to stainless steel ones.(P39) 【拓展延伸】 switch off关上(电灯、电视等)=turn off，不再注意/心不在焉，不再想着，不再担忧/烦恼 switch on打开(电灯、电视等)=turn on switch(from A)to B(由A)转变成B switch ... to ...把……转换到…… switch...with与……交换 switch(shifts)with sb.和某人调班 switch over转换，改变，转变，换台，换频道 at the flick of a switch轻轻一按开关(形容便捷) the switch to向……的转变 二、经典句型 【原句呈现】Over the course of my career, I have seen many wonderful scientific developments, but none are as game-changing as genome editing.(P30 Lines2-3)在我的职业生涯中，我见证了许多了不起的科研成果，但没有一项能像基因组编辑一样具有颠覆性。 【句型解读】 本句none are as game-changing as genome editing把否定词none跟“as＋形容词原级＋as”连用，表示最高级的意思。“否定词＋as＋形容词原级＋as”的句型，该句型表示最高级的含义。该句型中的“as”可以换成“so”，构成“否定词＋so＋形容词词原级＋as”的句型。视具体情况，该句型中的形容词还可以用副词。综上，构成“否定词＋as/so＋形容词/副词原级＋as”的句型。 参看必修二Unit 3 Festivals and customs经典句型3.“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级的含义。 例句： ①Nothing is as precious as/so health.没有什么比健康更珍贵的了。 ②China has never been as/so powerful as it is today.中国从未像今天这样强大过。 ③No boy is so brave as Tom in his class.在班里没有哪个男孩比汤姆更勇敢。 ①Personally, she would like nothing better than to accept this invitation. 就她个人来说，她巴不得接受这次邀请。 ②The Yangtze River is longer than any other river in Asia.长江比亚洲的其他河流都长。 ③I think the novel is more interesting than all the other novels. 我觉得这本小说比所有其他的小说都有趣。 ④—What do you think of the plan?你觉得这个计划怎么样？ —I can’t agree more. It's quite practical.我非常同意你的看法。这个计划很实用。 【原句呈现】Without them, genome editing could be as dangerous as a car out of control.(P31 Lines 37-38) 如果没有他们，基因组编辑就会像失控的汽车一样危险。 【句型解读】 本句中without them是用介词短语(含蓄虚拟条件)来代替If it weren’t for them。类似这样表达的含蓄条件还有but for(如果没有)、otherwise/or(or else)(否则，要不然)、but转折句等。 例句： ①Without air, human being would not be able to survive.= If there were no air, human being would not be able to survive.如果没有空气，人类将无法生存。(与现在事实相反) ②The ship would have sunk with all on board but for the efforts of the captain. =If it had not been the efforts of the captain, the ship would have sunk with all on board. 要不是船长的努力，我们就会连船带人都沉没了。(与过去事实相反) ③I lost your address. Otherwise, I would have visited you long before.=I lost your address. If I hadn’t lost your address, I would have visited you long before.你的地址我弄丢了，要不我早就去拜访你了。 (与过去事实相反) ④He would have given you more help, but he was too busy.他本来会给你更多的帮助，但是他太忙了。 (也就是说，If he hadn’t been too busy, he would have given you more help.如果那时他不忙，他可以给你更多的帮助)(与过去事实相反) ⑤I was not listening to the teacher, or else I would have answered his questions=If I had listened to the teacher, I would have answered his questions.我没有听老师讲课，否则我会回答他的问题的。(与过去事实相反) 【原句呈现】There is evidence that acupuncture dates back to the Stone Age, when stone tools called bian were used to press areas of the body. (P 39, lines 3-4)有证据表明针刺疗法可追溯到石器时代，当时一种叫做“砭”的石器被用来按压身体部位。 【句型解读】 本句中用了“there be+名词+that从句”的句型，这里that引导的是同位语从句，修饰名词evidence。本句型有变形，如：there be+ no/little+名词++that从句，there be+名词+of+名词(或+动词不定式)，there be+名词+whether从句等等。名词前可以加形容词加以修饰。 例句： ①There is growing evidence that staying up late at night has a serious impact on people’s health. 越来越多的证据表明，熬夜对人们的健康有严重的影响。 ②There is scientific evidence to support our instinct that being surrounded with plants is good for health. 有科学证据支持我们的直觉，即被植物包围对健康有益。 ③With the average temperature going up by more than 1.5 degrees, there is solid evidence of global warming.随着平均气温上升超过1.5度，有确凿的证据表明全球变暖。 ④There is no evidence that the meeting actually took place.没有证据表明会议确实举行了。 ⑤There is no/little doubt that reading books can have a good effect upon the children. 毫无疑问，读书对孩子们有好的影响。 ⑥There is some doubt whether we should direct our attention to the fundamental question. 我们是否应该把注意力放在这个根本问题上，这是有疑问的。 附录：以下核心词汇及经典句型参看本系列资料的相关单元中的内容 【词不离句】 And it has been used to treat more than just physical problems—acupuncturists have discovered that the treatment helps with mental problems like depression and anxiety too.(P40) 参看必修一Unit 2 Let’s talk teens 核心词汇2.anxious 【原句呈现】Ultimately, this new technology might even make it possible to prevent diseases from ever developing by correcting abnormal genes early on.(P31 Lines21-22) 参看必修二Unit 3 Festivals and customs经典句型4.make+it+形容词/名词+(for sb.)to do sth. 【原句呈现】Up to now, more than 360 acupuncture points have been identified, each linked to a different part of the body. (Pages 39-40, Lines 25-27)到目前为止，已有 360 多个针刺穴位被确认，每个穴位对应身体的一个不同部位。 一、单词拼写(根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词的完全形式) 1. Taking physical exercise regularly is an effective way to avoid being ________(感染)with the ________(流感). 2. Many people worry that these chemicals may make them ill and even cause ________(癌症). 3. They must ________(恢复)n________ services without delay. 4. Under no circumstances will China be the first to use nuclear ________(武器). 5. As they waited, Kravis was ________(来回踱步)the room nervously. 6. Environmentalists figure that all the energy-consuming products are bound to be ________(退出)from the market. 7. Now that ________(人工)intelligence keeps developing, we should learn to make better use of it. 8. Finding humor in everyday moments is a way to be ________(人为地)happy all the time. 9. He is ________(外向)in ________(性格)and a man with a real spirit of commitment to almost everything. 10. Filled with descriptions of magic and ancient themes, many Romantic poems contain rich ________(感官的) details. 11. A genius for invention, Thomas Edison obtained scores of ________(专利). 12. Failure can never defeat me but only ________(刺激)my desire to succeed. 13. It is estimated that sea levels have risen by over 20 ________(厘米)since 1880. 14. The city’s average rainfall was 14 ________(毫米)in the 24 hours up to Friday morning. 15. If the ________(诊所)is e_________ with ________(可调节的)chairs, it will be more convenient for the ________(牙科医生). 16. The boys, faced with this somewhat terrifying figure, had lost their ________(语言). 17. Literature is the reflection of real life and the revelation of the artistic ________(脉搏)of periods. 18. Because of a ________(手腕)injury, the player is likely to lose her chance of winning a gold medal at the Olympics. 19. It is ________(正常)for you to feel angry and sad, as well as regret that you left the ________(施虐者). 20. Many Chinese ________(文字)________(象征)their meanings, unlike English words which are spelt out according to how they sound. 21. When she ________(患上)polio(小儿麻痹症), which paralyzed her left leg, she was told she would never walk again. 22. Judging from the ________(证据)presented, it appears that the accused is not guilty. 23. The two ________(现象)are closely connected to each other, and have led to wide concern. 24. I see you’ve applied for the position of sales consultant in our international sales ________(部门). 25. ________(化学上), these two types of ________(不生锈的)________(钢)are similar. 26. Alas, the agency that is drafting the plan is not about to produce a ________(改变游戏规则的)solution. 27. As is known to all, our body is made up of countless ________(细胞). 28. If ________(皮革)and ________(橡胶)rubber are burnt, they’ll give of poisonous gases. 29. It is built with a longer ________(寿命) and an energy-saving design to reduce air ________(阻力). 30. Nowadays, it is a common ________(现象)that teenagers are attracted to the online world. 31. We’ll spare no effort to t________ the problem ________(果断地). 32. Although he has succeeded in the field of ________(专业), he currently has no m________of t________ the challenging problem. 33. This disease is ________(分布广)throughout the earthquake a________ area. 34. With s________ proofs, the lawyer can certainly prove that he is innocent. 35. They made a c________ that they should pay off all their debts in a year. 36. To keep p________ with the rapid changes of society, the old man keeps the habit of reading newspapers every day. 37. When taken according to the directions, the d________ has no side effect. 38. With the night falling, there was no news and I was on pins and n________. 39. All classes of his school are e________ with the most modern teaching e________. 40. The eye is one of the most delicate o________ of the body. 二、词性/形转换(用所给单词的正确形式填空) 1. It is normal for you to feel angry and sad, as well as regret that you left the ________(abuse). 2. He was accused of having used ________(abuse)language. 3. With graduation day drawing near, the students in Class 5 were ________(anxiety)preparing for their final ________(examine), and none of them wanted to play computer games. 4. She gave a ________(character)brilliant performance. 5. Chang An is undoubtedly a masterpiece that shows the unique ________(character)of Chinese culture to the world. 6. It is known to all that we live in an age of information ________(character)by many inventions beyond our imagination. 7. Don’t worry, for you are all responsible young people, well prepared and ________(equip)to successfully manage the challenges of the years ahead. 8. Here I think the viewpoint of scientific development would contribute to the ________(contact)of the gap directly. 9. Single use ________(surgeon)masks have been found thrown around pavements, waterways and beaches worldwide since countries began ordering their use in public places. 10. Li Hua’s father is a ________ and his mother is a ________.(physics) 11. It is important to keep yourself________(physics)and mentally healthy, especially in such a stressful society. 12. Thanks to the ease of real-time communication in the digital age, many young and skilled people start to turn to online platforms, working independently as ________(contract)and consultants rather than looking for permanent employment. 13.Besides, over the weekend, we can organize a trip to visit those who were ________(severe)affected. 14. I consider it necessary to inform people of the ________(severe)of the ________(infect)disease. 15. Nobody is quite sure, but poor diet and above all long-time ________(alcohol)have much to do with it. 16. They think this research result should be owed to his ________(substance)efforts. 17. He checked the details and found them ________(substance)correct. 18. The ________(symbol)of every gesture will be of vital importance  during the short state visit. 19. Wedding rings are intended to be ________(symbol)of love and commitment. 20. Chinese paper cutting is rich in content and its designs usually ________(symbol)good luck. 21. In this chart, each circle ________(symbol)represents the whole of humanity. 22. Daniele Ceccoli, 74, was ________(gratitude)and optimistic after getting operated on at the hospital. . 23. It had rained ________(solid)for 10 days prior to my arrival and so the falls were at their most spectacular. 24. —How about the performance? —Wonderful! This performance is being held for the benefit of the ________(disable), aimed at raising people’s concern about their lives. 25. In the face of his physical _________(disable), the little boy doesn’t lose heart. 26. In mid-September, when their seedless white grapes ________(ripe), local farmers are busy picking grapes to be transported to other parts of the country. 27. The commander-in-chief was given 36 hours to secure a ________(withdraw)of his troops from the combat zone. 28. Compared with the smartphones on the market, ________(convention)cellphones have been out of date. 29. For many people, it is common sense that organic food is healthier than ________(convention)grown food. 30. Information must be stored so that it is secure from accidental ________(delete). 31. His visit is expected to lead to the ________(restore)of diplomatic ________(relate). 32. A woman who has recently had plastic ________(surgeon)on her face now regrets the decision. 33. ________(chemistry)products were used everywhere, so a lot of agricultural land was polluted. 34. When exposed to stress and anxiety, all of us react both chemically and ________(physical). 35. They tested more than 23,000 ________(chemistry)with no success. 36. My dream is to become a ________(chemistry)after I resign from my present work. 37. Everything will ________(ultimate)depend on what is said at the meeting with the directors next week. 38. His childhood was difficult because his father was an ________(alcohol). 39. Scientists are afraid that it is ________(normal)to be so warm at this time of year in this area. 40. Success depends ________(fundamental)on our view of ourselves and of the events in our lives. 41. As a youngster, she might have found it too ________(restrict), not creative enough. 42. People living near the airport are pushing for new ________(restrict)on night flights. 43. Therefore, we use the ________(chemistry)to make products that are ________(resist)to oil, heat, stains or water. 44. Half of the ________ will take part in the today’s ________ competition.(wrestle) 45. His voyages opened a new chapter of the Age of Exploration, a period which witnessed many important geographical ________(find). 三、短语填空(从“背”一本“短语”栏目中选择恰当的短语填空) 说明：每个短语只能用一次，且选择范围不包括拓展短语。 1. Competition forces them always to employ the latest technology, which both increases output and ____________ prices. 2. But the booming business is also _______________ everything from waste to the abuse of workers. 3. We all miss you and _______________ what you did for us. 4. We are trying to solve the problems _______________ the lack of communication. 5. In the last game, I was seriously injured, so I was _______________ doing physical activities for six months. 6. The gym is open to the public again, because the new and modern facilities have been _______________. 7. Can you tell me all the details _______________ the traffic accident? 8. And while _______________ electronic payments is simple and convenient for many people, this isn’t true for everyone. 9. Should students be required to take classes in many subjects or to _______________ one subject? 10. After it _______________ multimedia devices, our school allows us to learn English by watching videos. 11. We destroyed the planet we lived because we wanted economy to develop _______________ in the past. 12. _______________the Internet,we can keep in touch by sending emails . (根据汉语提示完成句子） 13. The person _______________ cannot wait to consult a doctor. 14. It is a historic amphitheater, the largest ever built. _______________ 70 C．E., it is one of the best-preserved ruins from the Roman Empire. 15. _____________ what he did made the teacher unhappy. 16. They will _______________ to help the children who lost their parents in the earthquake. 17.Ι_______________ this physics problem for a whole morning, but I haven’t worked it out. 18. He got depressed after business failure and gradually _______________. 19. We often imagine what can _______________, but we seldom think of all the negative things that could affect us. 20. May you live to be _______________ and have dozens of grandchildren. 四、核心词汇(根据要求完成相关任务) 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①And today I would like to ________ mention the students of Confucius Institute. ②For years, a panel of ________ discussed and assessed different means of repairing the pagoda. 【答案】specialists ③He wanted to give people a good impression on this ________ occasion. ④There is too much ________ of subjects too early in our schools. 完成句子 ⑤他专攻化学，而且取得了许多新发现。 He _______________________ and has made a number of new discoveries. ⑥他专门从事法语到英语的翻译。 He _______________________________. ⑦这项工作需要有专门科学技术知识的人。 The job requires someone ____________________________________. ⑧不要尝试自己去做；这是需要专业知识的。 Don’t try doing it yourself; it ________________________. 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①Many companies donated food and medicine to the earthquake ________ area to help. ②Understanding your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your ________ and emotions. ③She was held in deep ________ by all her students. ④He talked to her more, and from all that she said, he was convinced of her having an ________ heart. ⑤But Chinese fans have ________ called the mascot the “wonton wrapper” because of its resemblance to the dumpling-like food. 完成句子 ⑥所有的观众都被他简单却能震撼人心的话打动了。 ________________________________ his simple but heartening words.  ⑦坦率地说，我对我生活的这个城市有着深厚的感情。 To be frank, I _____________________ this city I am living in. ⑧她彬彬有礼地向他打招呼，但没有流露出爱意。 She greeted him civilly __________________________. ⑨他的所作所为对孩子们的行为产生了不良影响。 _________________________________ children’s behaviour. ⑩显然你没有得到她的青睐，否则，她不会拒绝你的邀请。 It is clear that you _____________________, otherwise she wouldn't reject your invitation.  用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①Traditional culture and customs are a source of national pride and help shape national ________. ②Wellington Barracks is a restricted area and anyone who enters should have proper ________. ③Walking along the street after work yesterday, the policeman ________ the man who robbed the store. ④The house is easily _________ by the large tree outside. ⑤The two pictures are similar, although not ________. 完成句子 ⑥在网上分享了这个故事后，我收到了一个人的来信，他鉴别出/认出这位女士就是艾琳·史密斯。 After sharing the story online,I heard from someone,who _________________ Erin Smith. ⑦眼睛被认为是心灵的窗户，对一个人来说是很重要的。 Eyes _____________________________________, which are significant to a person. ⑧她向警方表明自己是那辆车的司机。 She ____________________________ the driver of the car. ⑨这部电影不仅认同中国人民，而且让世界探索唐诗的丰富传统和“中国诗歌宇宙”。 This film not only _____________________ but also allows the world to explore the rich tradition of Tang poetry and the “Chinese Poetry Universe.” 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①Manners are important to happy ________ among people. ②I will ask one of my ________ to look after the babies. ③Considering the failure of the previous plan, this turned out to be a ________ success. ④According to the theory of ________, nothing can travel faster than light. ⑤Lack of exercise is also a risk factor for heart disease but it’s ________ small when compared with the others. 完成句子 ⑥这个剧本和一个久远的爱情故事有关。 The play ________________________ which took place a long time ago. ⑦它的大脑相对于它的身体来说很小。 Its brain is small ________________________. ⑧她对警方讲述了上个星期发生的事情。 She _____________________________________ the police. ⑨我们需要解释为什么这些问题很重要并且把它们与日常生活联系起来。 We need to explain why these issues are important and ___________________________. 用恰当的词填空 ①All possible ________ have been tried, but not every ________ works. ②Do you have the ________ to support a family? ③We are rather skeptical about the sympathy he claims to have for the poor, for he is ________ with his money. ④He spoke for a long time but his ________ did not really come across. ⑤Yeah, life is ________ in itself, but we can make it ________ and colourful. 完成句子 ⑥看电影被视为是一种很好的娱乐方式。 Watching films is regarded as _________________________. ⑦他是一个意志坚强的人，决不会向困难屈服。 He is a strong determined person and __________________________ give in to difficulties. ⑧哈雷通过自己的仔细观察得到了这一发现。 Halley made his discovery _____________________________________. ⑨到目前为止，每一种可能的方法都试过了，我们发现只有用这种方法才有可能说服他。 _______________________ so far, and we find only _________________ is it possible to persuade him. ⑩他既接受过相应的教育又有天赋，当然可以胜任这份工作。 He has got both corresponding education and talents and is ___________________________. 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①According to the ________, visitors ________ from damaging any cultural heritage when they are visiting. ②The law ________ people under 18 from purchasing alcohol. 完成句子 ③他因视力不好而不能当飞行员。 His poor eyesight ___________________________. ④应禁止人们使用塑料袋以消除白色污染。 People _________________________ to eliminate white pollution. ⑤一些城市禁止在人行道上骑自行车，但一定年龄以下的儿童除外。 Some cities ____________________, but make exceptions for children under a certain age. ⑥自从新的醉驾禁令发布，该区域的事故数锐减。 Since _______________________ was introduced, the number of accidents in the area has fallen sharply. 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①New social problems have ________ due to the unfair distribution of the social wealth so far. ②The next morning, the two girls ________ early to take the train to Lake Louise. ③If the opportunity ________, I’d love to go abroad for further study. 完成句子 ④我们正在努力解决由于缺乏沟通而产生的问题。 We are trying to _____________________ the lack of communication. ⑤看到他们最喜欢的明星走进来，那些忠实的影迷们立刻从座位上站了起来。 Seeing their favorite star come in, the devoted fans _____________________ immediately. 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①Nowadays few of us can ________ the temptation of smart phones, for the convenience they bring to our life makes anyone trying to be ________ to them finally quits his or her ________. ②We came up with a great deal of ________ in dealing with the case. 完成句子 ③随着气温上升到37℃，所有的学生都强烈反对关掉空调。 With the temperature rising to 37℃,  ______________________________ the air conditioner. ④这件外套看起来很好看，而且正好打八折，所以我忍不住买了下来。 The coat looked very nice and it happened to be 40% off, so I _________________________. ⑤你当时本应该抵制住诱惑，你却没有。 _____________________________ at that time, but you didn’t. 完成句子 ①然而，我们的讨论不仅仅是一种练习辩论技巧的方法。 However, our discussions are more than just ________________________. ②关于何时举行运动会的问题仍正在争论之中。 The problem about ________________________________. ③双方就宇宙起源的问题展开了辩论。 The two sides _____________________________ of the origin of the universe. ④他刚才和他的经理进行了一场辩论。 He ________________________ his manager just now. ⑤在过去的一个世纪里，气候发生了显著的变化是无可争辩的。 _______________________ the climate has changed markedly over the last century. ⑥我们班就是否应该禁止学生在学校使用手机进行了一场激烈的辩论。 Our class __________________________ students should be forbidden to have mobile phones in school. ⑧然而，我们的讨论不仅仅是一种练习辩论技巧的方法。 However, our discussions are more than just a way ________________________. 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①The  ________ news  ________ the family’s peaceful life and the family all felt ________. ②The teacher told the naughty boy to leave as he was a ________ to the other students. 完成句子 ③他指出，这些行为已经严重扰乱了社会秩序。 He pointed out that these actions __________________________. ④他被指控在赛后扰乱治安。 He _____________________________________________ after the game. ⑤最近发生的事使他精神错乱。 The recent matters have _____________________________. ⑥他从租来的公寓里搬了出来，因为邻居们抱怨他扰乱了社区的宁静。 He moved out of his rented flat after ____________________________. ⑦报纸揭露了一些令人不安的真相。 The newspaper has ____________________________. ⑧警方对最近的趋势感到非常不安。 The police _________________________ the latest trend. ⑨读到一种新的流行病爆发的消息使我感到不安。 _____________________ that a new epidemic had broken out. 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①The seats are ________; that is to say, you can ________ them to a certain angle or height. The ________ is not difficult to make. ②He will have to make major ________ to his way of thinking if he is to survive in office. 完成句子 ③对于残疾人来说，他们别无选择，只能适应目前的生活。 For people with disabilities they have no option but _______________________. ④得知你在适应新的学校生活方面有些困难，我写信给你一些建议，希望能对你有帮助。 知道你在适应新的学校生活方面有一些困难，我写信给你一些建议。 Knowing that you ______________________________, I’m writing to give you some tips, which I hope will be of help to you. ⑤由于我没有及时调整相关的信息，这给您带来极大的不便，我写信向您道歉。 I am writing to apologize to you for ____________________, causing great inconvenience to you. ⑥作为一名交换生，我花了很长时间才适应独自生活在澳大利亚。 As an exchange student, ___________________________________ in Australia. ⑦这种书桌的高低可以按照你的需要调节。 This kind of desk ______________________ you need. ⑧座椅可调节；也就是说，你可以将它们调整到某个角度或高度。 The seats _______________; that is to say, you can _____________________________. 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①There is a great deal of ________ indicating that music activities engage different parts of the brain. ②________, some of these questions are rather too difficult to answer. 完成句子 ③患病期间他表现出的勇气对我们大家来说是显而易见的。 His courage during his illness _______________________. ④我们逐渐找到了进一步的证实这种理论的科学根据。 Gradually, we _________________________________. ⑤显然，他的话很伤人，伤透了她的心。 ______________________ his remarks were very hurtful, which broke her heart. ⑥你应该给出令人信服的证据来使别人相信你。 You should _____________________ to make yourself convinced. ⑦她很怕被法庭传去当证人。 She was scared she ____________________.  ⑧有令人信服的证据表明暴露在阳光下和皮肤癌症之间有联系。 ________________________ a link between exposure to sun and skin cancer. ⑨没有证据把他们和这次袭击联系在一起。 _____________________________ them with the attack. ⑩在听到对他不利的证词之前，你假定他是无罪的。 You assume him to be innocent before hearing _____________________. 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①In this house there are many ________ to control the lights. ②After several ________ of direction, I found myself in front of the post office. ③As a consequence of the heavy rain, the date of the sports meeting ________. 完成句子 ④他把谈话从一个话题转到另一个话题。 He ______________________________________________. ⑤我们问他们是否愿意和我们交换位置。 We asked them if they would ________________________. ⑥谢天谢地，我已经学会了不再烦恼，把它抛到脑后。 Thankfully, I’ve _____________________ and let it go over my head. ⑦下个周末我不能上班——咱俩调个班好不好？ I can’t work next weekend—_____________________?  ⑧他想换一下台看中央六台一个更好的节目。 He wants _____________________________ on CCTV­6. ⑨我们厌倦了这个无聊的话题，为什么不换一个有趣的呢？ We are tired of the boring topic. Why not __________________________? ⑩自20世纪80年代以来，有了卫星电视和互联网，只需轻轻一按开关就可以收听英式英语和美式英语。 Since the 1980s, with satellite TV and the Internet, it has been possible __________________________ ____________________. ⑪向自由市场经济的转变并不容易。 ____________________________ will not be easy. 1. 我从来没有见过我的母亲像现在这样对我的进步如此满意。 I have _______________________________ my progress as she is now. 2. 没有什么比母亲对孩子的爱更深。 ______________________________ loves her children. 3. 没有人蠢到相信世间有什么偶然发生的事。 ________________________ that anything happens by chance.  4. 没有他们的帮助，我们不可能实现我们的梦想。 _________________ their help, we _________________________________ our dream. 5. 我们当时不知道你遇到了困难，要不然我们会帮助你的。 We didn’t know you were in trouble at that time, _________________________ you a hand. 6. 我本来打算参加那次讲座的，但那天我在忙着准备一个工作面试。 I _____________________ the lecture, _____________________ a job interview that day. 7. 毫无疑问，那些对科学做出巨大贡献的人是值得尊敬的。 ______________________________ have made great contributions to science are worthy of being respected. 8. 运动会是否按计划于下周举行还有些疑问。 _____________________________________________________ next week as planned. 9. 在许多洞穴中都有人类居住的证据。 In many of the caves _____________________________ human occupation. 10. 没有令人信服的证据表明他是凶手。 __________________________________ he is the murderer. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 选择性必修二Unit 3 Fit for Life 强基固本 一、全部单词 序号 原词 词性、词义 词性/形转换 1 surgeon n.外科医生 surgery n.外科手术 surgical adj.外科的，外科手术的 2 physician n.医师，内科医生 physics n.物理学，物理特性 physicist n.物理学家 physical adj.身体的，物质的，物理的 3 chemist n.药剂师，药商；化学家 chemistry n.化学，化学成分 chemical n.化学制品 adj.化学的；化学作用的 (adv.chemically) 4 dentist n.牙科医生 5 specialize (also specialise) vi.专门研究(或从事)，专攻 special adj.特别的，重要的，特设的，专用的，特有的 n.特别的东西(活动、节目等) (adv.specially) specialization n.专门(业)化，专业，专门(性)，特殊性 specialized adj.专用(门)的，专业的 specialist n.专家，专科医生 6 *gene n.基因 7 game-changing adj.改变游戏规则的(指彻底改变事态发展的) 8 *genome n.基因组，染色体组 9 cell n.细胞 10 being n.生物；存在；身心 11 *lifespan n.寿命，有效期 12 affect vt.影响；侵袭，使感染；深深打动 affected adj.受感动的，受影响的，假装的，做作的 affection n.喜爱，感情，影响，感染 affectionate adv.慈爱的，充满爱的，亲切的 (adv. affectionately ) 13 contract vt.感染(疾病)；与……订立合同(或契约) n.合同，合约 contraction n.收缩，缩小 contractor n.订约人，承包商，合同工 14 virus n.病毒；(计算机程序中的)病毒 15 cancer n.癌症；邪恶，毒瘤 16 identify vt.找到，发现；确认，认出；显示，说明身份 identification n.验明，鉴定，认出，身份证明 identity n.同一性，身份，认同 identical adj.完全同样的，同一的 identifiable adj.可识别的，可辨认的 17 relate vi.& vt.联系，使有联系；叙述，讲述 related adj.有关的，有亲缘关系的 relation n.关系，叙述，亲属 relative adj.相对的，相关的 relativity n.相对 (the theory of relativity相对论) 18 means n.(pl.means) 方法，方式；财富，钱财 注意相似词形的词： mean adj.吝啬的，小气的；刻薄的；不善良的 meaning n.意思，含义；重要性，价值，意义 meaningful adj.有意义的，意味深长的(反义词meaningless) 19 delete vt.删去，删除 deletion n.删除，删去的部分 20 restore vt.恢复；修复；使复原，使复位 restoration n.(规章制度等的)恢复，修复，整修 21 ultimately adv.最终；根本上 ultimate adj.最后的；极端的；最好的；根本的 n.最好的事物；极品；精华 22 abnormal adj.反常的，畸形的 abnormally adv.反常地，不正常地，畸形地 normal adj.正常的，一般的 n.常态，通常标准 (adv. normally) 23 weapon n.武器，手段；兵器 24 fundamental adj.十分重大的，根本的；基础的，基本的 n.基本规律，根本法则，基础 fundamentally adv.从根本上说，基本上 25 pace n.发生的速度，节奏；步速；快节奏 vi.& vt.来回踱步，走来走去；确定速度，调整节奏 26 arise vi.(arose, arisen) 发生，出现；(由……)引起，(因……)产生 27 restrict vt.限制，限定；束缚，妨碍；约束，管束 restricted adj.受限制的 restriction n.限制，约束 restrictive adj.限制(约束)(性)的 28 prohibit vt.(尤指以法令)禁止；使不可能 prohibition n.禁令(律)，禁(阻)止prohibitive adj.禁令(律)的，禁(阻)止的 29 resistance n.抵抗力；抵制，反对；抵抗，反抗 resist vt.& vi.反抗；抵制；忍住；抗拒 resistant adj.有抵抗力的，抵抗的；抵制的；抗……的，反抗的 30 flu n.流行性感冒，流感 31 characteristic n.特征，特点 adj.典型的，独特的 character n.品质，性格；特点；人物，角色；文字 characterize vt.是……的特征，以……为典型；使……具有特点；描述，刻画 characteristically adv.典型地 32 wrestle vi.& vt.奋力对付，努力处理；摔跤 wrestling n.摔跤运动 wrestler n.摔跤手 33 debate vt.& vi.讨论，辩论；仔细考虑，思考 n.讨论，争论；辩论 34 finding n.调查发现，调研结果 find vt.发现；找到；认为 35 ripe adj.成熟的；时机成熟的 ripen vi.& vt.(使)成熟，时机成熟 36 withdraw vi.&vt.(withdrew,withdrawn)脱离(社会)，不与人交往；(使)撤回；(使)退出；停止提供 withdrawal n.撤回，(对说过的话的)收回，退出(组织) 37 equip vt.配备；使有能力 equipment n.设备；配备，装备 well equipped(well-equipped) adj.装备齐全的，有能力的 38 artificial adj.人工的，人造的；人为的；虚假的 artificially adv.人为地，人工造地，不自然地 39 *limb n.肢，臂，腿 40 rubber n.橡胶；橡皮 41 outgoing adj.外向的 42 grateful adj.感激的，表示感谢的 gratitude n.感谢；感激，感激的心情 43 disabled adj.有残疾的，丧失能力的 disable vt.使丧失能力 able adj.能(够)；有才能的 参看disability词条 44 disability n.缺陷，障碍 45 conventional adj.传统的，习惯的；依照惯例的，遵循习俗的 conventionally adv.照惯例，传统意义上 convention n.惯例，习俗，传统手法， 传统风格，大会 46 leather n.皮革 47 sensory adj.感觉的，感官的 sense n.感觉，感官 sensitive adj.感觉敏锐的；体贴的；敏感的；灵敏的 sensible adj.理智的，合理的 48 patent n.专利，专利证书 adj.有专利的，受专利保护的 49 fuel vt.增加，刺激；给……提供燃料 n.燃料 50 disturb vt.使不安；打扰；搅乱 disturbing adj.令人不安的，引起烦恼的 disturbed adj.心神不安的，心烦意乱的，心理失常的 disturbance n.打扰，动乱，动(骚)乱 51 tackle vt.应付，处理，解决 52 head-on adv.积极地，果断地；正面相撞地 adj.迎头相撞的；正面反对的 53 adjust vt.& vi.调整，调节；适应，习惯；整理 adjustment n.调整；调节；适应 adjustable adj.可调节的 54 centimetre (AmE centimeter) n.厘米 55 *acupuncture n.针刺疗法 56 needle n.针；注射针；指针 57 evidence n.证据，证明；物证，人证 vt.证明，表明 evident adj.明显的，显而易见的，显然的，清楚的 evidently adv.显然，明显地，据说 58 solid adj.实心的；固体的；结实的；纯色的 solidly adv.牢固地，坚定地，坚固地，结实地 solidity n.坚固，可靠 59 switch vi.& vt.转变；交换；调班 n.开关，闸；转变，改变 60 *stainless adj.不生锈的 61 steel n.钢；钢铁工业 62 millimetre (AmE millimeter) n.毫米 63 clinic n.私人诊所；门诊部；门诊时间 64 examine vt.检查，检验；审查，调查；考，测试；审问 examination n.考试；检查；查问 65 *tongue n.舌头；语言 66 *pulse n.脉搏 vi.搏动，跳动；洋溢着 67 wrist n.手腕，腕关节 68 organ n.器官；风琴；机构，机关 69 severe adj.十分严重的，极为恶劣的；严厉的；艰难的 severely adv.严重地；严厉地，恶劣地，困难地，严厉(格)地 severity n.严重，严厉，苛刻，剧烈 70 anxiety n.焦虑；担心；渴望 anxious adj.忧虑的，担心的；令人焦虑的；渴望的 anxiously adv.不安地，忧虑地 71 abuse vt.滥用；虐待；辱骂 n.滥用；虐待；辱骂 abuser n.施虐者 abusive adj.辱(谩)骂的，侮辱性的，恶语的 72 alcohol n.酒精，酒 alcoholic adj.酒精的；含酒精的，酗酒的 n.酒鬼 alcoholism n.酗酒 73 tobacco n.烟草 74 drug n.毒品；药物 75 phenomenon n.(pl.phenomena /fəˈnɒmɪnə/) 现象 76 substance n.物质；要点 substantial adj.大量的，价值巨大的，实质性的 substantially adv.基本上，大体上，大大地 77 symbol n.象征；符号，代号 symbolize v.象征 symbolic adj.用作象征的，具有象征意义的 (adv. Symbolically) symbolism n.象征主义，象征手法 78 widespread adj.分布广的，普遍的，广泛的 79 *bandage n.绷带 80 infection n.传染，感染 infected adj.被感染的，带菌的，感染病菌的 infectious adj.传染的；易传染的，传染性的，感染的(尤指通过呼吸)，患有传染病，有传染力 81 department n.(医院的) 科，部门，局，系 二、重要短语 序 号 英语短语 汉语意义 1 arise from 由……引起/产生(＝arise out of) 从……中产生，从……站起来 拓展 result from 由……引起，产生于 2 be equipped with 装备(equip ... with ...) 3 be grateful for 对……感激 拓展 express one’s gratitude to sb. 向某人表达感激之情 4 catch a certain virus 染上某种病毒 5 date back to =date from 追溯到，始于，自……至今 6 fuel concerns(about) 引发(对……的)担忧 7 go to great lengths to do sth. 竭尽全力做某事，不遗余力做某事 8 prohibit sb.from doing sth. 禁止某人做某事 9 put sth. in place 准备就绪 10 put pressure on 对……施加压力 11 relate to 涉及，与……相关 12 specialize in ... 专门研究(或从事)……；专攻…… 13 switch to 切换到；转变成 拓展 switch off switch over to 关掉，切断 转换到 14 wrestle with 努力处理，全力解决 15 withdraw into oneself 脱离(社会)，不与人交往 16 work to one’s advantage=be to one’s advantage 对某人有利 17 a ripe old age 高龄 18 at a fast pace 快速 19 by means of 借助，依靠 20 without doubt 毫无疑问，的确 拓展 There’s no/little doubt that... There’s some doubt whether ... doubt whether/if... in doubt doubt about... 毫无疑问…… 对……是否有些疑问 怀疑是否…… 不确定，拿不准 怀疑…… 三、经典句型 1.“否定词＋as/so＋形容词/副词原级＋as”表示最高级含义 【原句呈现】Over the course of my career, I have seen many wonderful scientific developments, but none are as game-changing as genome editing.(P30 Lines2-3)在我的职业生涯中，我见证了许多了不起的科研成果，但没有一项能像基因组编辑一样具有颠覆性。 2. 含蓄虚拟条件 【原句呈现】Without them, genome editing could be as dangerous as a car out of control.(P31 Lines 37-38) 如果没有他们，基因组编辑就会像失控的汽车一样危险。 3. there be +名词+从句 【原句呈现】There is evidence that acupuncture dates back to the Stone Age, when stone tools called bian were used to press areas of the body. (P 39, lines 3-4)有证据表明针刺疗法可追溯到石器时代，当时一种叫做“砭”的石器被用来按压身体部位。 附录：以下经典句型参看本系列资料的相关单元中的内容 1. make+it+形容词/名词+(for sb.)to do sth. 【原句呈现】Ultimately, this new technology might even make it possible to prevent diseases from ever developing by correcting abnormal genes early on.(P31 Lines21-22) 参看必修二Unit 3 Festivals and customs经典句型4.make+it+形容词/名词+(for sb.)to do sth. 2. 独立主格结构 【原句呈现】Up to now, more than 360 acupuncture points have been identified, each linked to a different part of the body. (Pages 39-40, Lines 25-27)到目前为止，已有 360 多个针刺穴位被确认，每个穴位对应身体的一个不同部位。 说明：涉及词性/形变化的，请查看以上“‘背’一本中的全部单词”板块。 一、核心词汇 1. specialize 【词不离句】A dentist specializes in the care of people’s teeth.(P29) 【拓展延伸】 specialize in专攻，主修，主攻，擅长，致力于 with specialized knowledge具有专业/专门知识 require specialized knowledge需要/要求专业/专门知识 2. affect 【词不离句】It also contains information that helps determine our lifespan and affects our chances of contracting certain diseases.(P30) 【拓展延伸】 be affected by被……打动 have a great affection for非常喜欢……，深爱(有很深的感情) gain/win sb.’s affection得到某人的喜爱，受到某人的青睐 with no sign of affection没有流露出爱意 注意：不要跟effect(为名词)想混 have a bad/good effect on对……产生/有不良(坏)/好的影响 3. identify 【词不离句】Geneticists have been trying to identify which genes relate to which diseases, as they believe genome editing is an effective means of disease treatment and prevention.(P30) 【拓展延伸】 identify...as...确认是，证明是，认为是……；鉴别出/认出…… identify oneself to sb. as…向某人表明自己是…… identify with sb./sth.认同……；与……有同感 identification card身份证(identity card)；标识卡 4. relate 【词不离句】Geneticists have been trying to identify which genes relate to which diseases, as they believe genome editing is an effective means of disease treatment and prevention.(P30) 【拓展延伸】 relate to涉及，与……相关 relate A to B把A和B联系起来 be related to与……有关/有联系 relate sth.to sb.向某人叙述/讲述某事 in relation to关于，与……相比 注意：“与……有关/联系”的表达方式： be associated with be connected to/with be relevant to have sth. to do with 5. means 【词不离句】Geneticists have been trying to identify which genes relate to which diseases, as they believe genome editing is an effective means of disease treatment and prevention.(P30) 【拓展延伸】 a means of一种……的方式 by all means尽一切办法，务必 by means of借助；依靠 by no means绝不，一点也不(位于句首句子要用部分倒装) by this means用这种方法 6. prohibit 【词不离句】Should we prohibit geneticists from using it to enhance healthy bodies?(P31) 【拓展延伸】 prohibit(sb’s)doing sth.禁止(某人)做某事，阻止(某人)做某事 prohibit sb.from doing sth.=prohibit sb’s dong sth.阻止某人做某事，禁止某人做某事 the prohibition against/on/of ...……的禁令 拓展：ban/discourage/keep/stop sb. from doing sth阻止某人做某事 forbid sb.to do sth./forbid sb. from doing sth./forbid sb’s doing sth.禁止某人做某事 forbid doing sth./forbid sb to do sth.禁止做某事/禁止某人做某事 prohibit sb. from doing sth.禁止某人做某事 7. arise 【词不离句】As the technology continues to develop at a fast pace, however, questions arise about how to use it appropriately.(P31) 【拓展延伸】 arise from由……引起/产生(＝arise out of=result from)，从……中产生，从……站起来 注意相似词形的词：rise，raise，arise，arouse四个词看起来很像，其实差别较大。 单词 用法与举例例 rise vi. (rise，risen) 上升，升起，升高，上涨，说明主语自身移向较高位置，常用于日、月、云、雾、烟、蒸汽、河水、温度、物价等，无被动语态。此外，rise还可以作为名词用：give sb. a rise给某人加工资。 例如：The sun rose at seven o’clock. 太阳七点钟升起。 The river has risen by several meters.河水上涨了几米。 Unemployment may be a potential cause of the rising crime rate. 失业可能是犯罪率攀升的潜在原因。 The boss promised to give her a rise.老板答应要给她加薪水。 arise vi. (arose，arisen) (问题、困难)出现、发生、产生，主语一般为抽象名词，如problem, trouble, quarrel, difficulty, misunderstanding等，无被动语态。常见短语：arise from/out of...由……引起，因……产生 例如：Accidents always arise from the carelessness.许多事故都源于粗心。 They are talking about problems arising out of/arising from the lack of communication.他们正在谈论由于缺乏交流而产生的问题。 raise vt. (raised, raised) 提高(raise one’s awareness of提高某人的认识)，增加(raise one’s salary/salaries加工资)、招募(raise an army军队)、养育、抚养(raise a family抚养一家人)、饲养(raise an animal饲养一头动物)、举起(raise one’s hand举手)，说明主语发出的动作要作用于其他事物，往往有使物体达到其应有的高度的含义。可用于被动语态。 例如：Many people participated in the campaign which aims to raise awareness of the dangers of passive smoking很多人参加了这项运动，它旨在提高人们对被动吸烟 危害的认识。 After having a talk with the employees, the employer decided to give them a rise/raise their salaries from next month.和雇员们谈话后，老板决定从下个月开始给他们涨工资。 She raised her head and went out without a word.她什么也没说，扬起头走了出去。 arouse vt. (aroused, aroused) 激起、唤醒，激起，引起(感情、态度)可用于被动语态。 arouse one’s interest/sympathy/awareness唤起某人的兴趣/同情心/提高某人的认识 例如：He fell into a sound sleep. Don’t arouse him.他睡熟了，别叫醒他。 He was aroused from his sleep by the doorbell.门铃声把他从睡眠中唤醒。 The lecture aims to arouse students’ awareness of water crisis. 这次讲座旨在唤起学生对水危机的意识。 It is human activity that has led to global warming, which has aroused widespread concern.是人类活动导致了全球变暖，这引起了广泛的担忧。 8. resistance 【词不离句】One day soon we will be able to use genome editing to increase the human resistance to colds and flus, to make people taller, to help their muscles develop faster, to sharpen all of their senses or to make them more intelligent.(P31) 【拓展延伸】 resistance to对……的抵制/抵抗 resist(doing)sth.抵制(做)某事 resist the temptation抵制诱惑 can’t resist doing sth.忍不住做某事 be resistant to sth.对……有抵抗力；抵制某事 9. debate 【词不离句】There is still much to be explored and debated on the subject of genome editing.(P31) 【拓展延伸】 debate with sb about/on/over sth.就某事和某人辩论 debating skills辩论技巧 have/hold a heated debate on/about ...进行一场关于……的激烈的辩论/讨论 have/hold a debate against sb.与某人对阵/对抗 beyond/without debate无可争辩 under debate在讨论中，在辩论中 10. disturb 【词不离句】The figures disturb the school authorities, who have decided to tackle this problem head-on.(P37) 【拓展延伸】 disturb the social order扰乱社会治安，扰乱社会秩序 disturb the peace扰乱平静 create/cause a disturbance制造/引起骚乱 (be)mentally/emotionally disturbed精神/情绪失常/错乱 some disturbing facts令人不安的真相 be disturbed by为……感到不安 It disturbs/disturbed sb. to do sth.做某事使某人不安 11. adjust 【词不离句】The school has adjusted all the lights to make sure the classrooms are well lit.(P37) 【拓展延伸】 adjust...to根据……调整……，调整到…… adjust(oneself)to适应 adjust to doing sth.适应做某事 make adjustment/adjustments to对……作出调整 12. evidence 【词不离句】There is evidence that acupuncture dates back to the Stone Age, when stone tools called bian were used to press areas of the body.(P39) 【拓展延伸】 evidence of/for sth.某事/物的证据 give evidence出庭作证，提供证据 the evidence against sb.对某人不利的证据 be evident to sb.对某人来说很明显 There be(no)(convincing/solid)evidence +to do或of介词短语或that从句... 有(没有)(令人信服的/确凿的)证据表明…… It be evident + that从句 ...显然/很明显…… 13. switch 【词不离句】Some acupuncturists today still use gold and silver needles, but the majority have now switched to stainless steel ones.(P39) 【拓展延伸】 switch off关上(电灯、电视等)=turn off，不再注意/心不在焉，不再想着，不再担忧/烦恼 switch on打开(电灯、电视等)=turn on switch(from A)to B(由A)转变成B switch ... to ...把……转换到…… switch...with与……交换 switch(shifts)with sb.和某人调班 switch over转换，改变，转变，换台，换频道 at the flick of a switch轻轻一按开关(形容便捷) the switch to向……的转变 二、经典句型 1.“否定词＋as/so＋形容词/副词原级＋as”表示最高级含义 【原句呈现】Over the course of my career, I have seen many wonderful scientific developments, but none are as game-changing as genome editing.(P30 Lines2-3)在我的职业生涯中，我见证了许多了不起的科研成果，但没有一项能像基因组编辑一样具有颠覆性。 【句型解读】 本句none are as game-changing as genome editing把否定词none跟“as＋形容词原级＋as”连用，表示最高级的意思。“否定词＋as＋形容词原级＋as”的句型，该句型表示最高级的含义。该句型中的“as”可以换成“so”，构成“否定词＋so＋形容词词原级＋as”的句型。视具体情况，该句型中的形容词还可以用副词。综上，构成“否定词＋as/so＋形容词/副词原级＋as”的句型。 参看必修二Unit 3 Festivals and customs经典句型3.“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级的含义。 例句： ①Nothing is as precious as/so health.没有什么比健康更珍贵的了。 ②China has never been as/so powerful as it is today.中国从未像今天这样强大过。 ③No boy is so brave as Tom in his class.在班里没有哪个男孩比汤姆更勇敢。 附录：用比较级表示最高级的句型 ①Personally, she would like nothing better than to accept this invitation. 就她个人来说，她巴不得接受这次邀请。 ②The Yangtze River is longer than any other river in Asia.长江比亚洲的其他河流都长。 ③I think the novel is more interesting than all the other novels. 我觉得这本小说比所有其他的小说都有趣。 ④—What do you think of the plan?你觉得这个计划怎么样？ —I can’t agree more. It's quite practical.我非常同意你的看法。这个计划很实用。 2. 含蓄虚拟条件 【原句呈现】Without them, genome editing could be as dangerous as a car out of control.(P31 Lines 37-38) 如果没有他们，基因组编辑就会像失控的汽车一样危险。 【句型解读】 本句中without them是用介词短语(含蓄虚拟条件)来代替If it weren’t for them。类似这样表达的含蓄条件还有but for(如果没有)、otherwise/or(or else)(否则，要不然)、but转折句等。 例句： ①Without air, human being would not be able to survive.= If there were no air, human being would not be able to survive.如果没有空气，人类将无法生存。(与现在事实相反) ②The ship would have sunk with all on board but for the efforts of the captain. =If it had not been the efforts of the captain, the ship would have sunk with all on board. 要不是船长的努力，我们就会连船带人都沉没了。(与过去事实相反) ③I lost your address. Otherwise, I would have visited you long before.=I lost your address. If I hadn’t lost your address, I would have visited you long before.你的地址我弄丢了，要不我早就去拜访你了。 (与过去事实相反) ④He would have given you more help, but he was too busy.他本来会给你更多的帮助，但是他太忙了。 (也就是说，If he hadn’t been too busy, he would have given you more help.如果那时他不忙，他可以给你更多的帮助)(与过去事实相反) ⑤I was not listening to the teacher, or else I would have answered his questions=If I had listened to the teacher, I would have answered his questions.我没有听老师讲课，否则我会回答他的问题的。(与过去事实相反) 3. there be +名词+从句 【原句呈现】There is evidence that acupuncture dates back to the Stone Age, when stone tools called bian were used to press areas of the body. (P 39, lines 3-4)有证据表明针刺疗法可追溯到石器时代，当时一种叫做“砭”的石器被用来按压身体部位。 【句型解读】 本句中用了“there be+名词+that从句”的句型，这里that引导的是同位语从句，修饰名词evidence。本句型有变形，如：there be+ no/little+名词++that从句，there be+名词+of+名词(或+动词不定式)，there be+名词+whether从句等等。名词前可以加形容词加以修饰。 例句： ①There is growing evidence that staying up late at night has a serious impact on people’s health. 越来越多的证据表明，熬夜对人们的健康有严重的影响。 ②There is scientific evidence to support our instinct that being surrounded with plants is good for health. 有科学证据支持我们的直觉，即被植物包围对健康有益。 ③With the average temperature going up by more than 1.5 degrees, there is solid evidence of global warming.随着平均气温上升超过1.5度，有确凿的证据表明全球变暖。 ④There is no evidence that the meeting actually took place.没有证据表明会议确实举行了。 ⑤There is no/little doubt that reading books can have a good effect upon the children. 毫无疑问，读书对孩子们有好的影响。 ⑥There is some doubt whether we should direct our attention to the fundamental question. 我们是否应该把注意力放在这个根本问题上，这是有疑问的。 附录：以下核心词汇及经典句型参看本系列资料的相关单元中的内容 1. anxiety 【词不离句】 And it has been used to treat more than just physical problems—acupuncturists have discovered that the treatment helps with mental problems like depression and anxiety too.(P40) 参看必修一Unit 2 Let’s talk teens 核心词汇2.anxious 2. make+it+形容词/名词+(for sb.)to do sth. 【原句呈现】Ultimately, this new technology might even make it possible to prevent diseases from ever developing by correcting abnormal genes early on.(P31 Lines21-22) 参看必修二Unit 3 Festivals and customs经典句型4.make+it+形容词/名词+(for sb.)to do sth. 3. 独立主格结构 【原句呈现】Up to now, more than 360 acupuncture points have been identified, each linked to a different part of the body. (Pages 39-40, Lines 25-27)到目前为止，已有 360 多个针刺穴位被确认，每个穴位对应身体的一个不同部位。 一、单词拼写(根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词的完全形式) 1. Taking physical exercise regularly is an effective way to avoid being ________(感染)with the ________(流感). 【答案】infected, flu 【句意】定期进行体育锻炼是避免感染流感的有效方法。 2. Many people worry that these chemicals may make them ill and even cause ________(癌症). 【答案】cancer 【句意】许多人担心这些化学物质会使他们生病，甚至致癌。 3. They must ________(恢复)n________ services without delay. 【答案】restore, normal 【句意】他们必须毫不拖延地恢复正常服务。 4. Under no circumstances will China be the first to use nuclear ________(武器). 【答案】weapons 【句意】中国在任何情况下都不会率先使用核武器。 5. As they waited, Kravis was ________(来回踱步)the room nervously. 【答案】pacing 【句意】他们等待的时候，克拉维斯紧张地在房间里踱来踱去。 6. Environmentalists figure that all the energy-consuming products are bound to be ________(退出)from the market. 【答案】withdrawn 【句意】环保人士认为，所有耗能产品注定要从市场上撤出。 7. Now that ________(人工)intelligence keeps developing, we should learn to make better use of it. 【答案】artificial 【句意】既然人工智能不断发展，我们应该学会更好地利用它。 8. Finding humor in everyday moments is a way to be ________(人为地)happy all the time. 【答案】artificially 【句意】在日常生活中找到幽默是一种一直保持人为快乐的方式。 9. He is ________(外向)in ________(性格)and a man with a real spirit of commitment to almost everything. 【答案】outgoing, character 【句意】他性格外向，是一个对几乎所有事情都有真正奉献精神的人。 10. Filled with descriptions of magic and ancient themes, many Romantic poems contain rich ________(感官的) details. 【答案】sensory 【句意】许多浪漫主义诗歌充满了对魔法和古代主题的描述，包含了丰富的感官细节。 11. A genius for invention, Thomas Edison obtained scores of ________(专利). 【答案】patents 【句意】作为一个发明天才，托马斯·爱迪生获得了许多专利。 12. Failure can never defeat me but only ________(刺激)my desire to succeed. 【答案】fuel 【句意】失败永远不会打败我，只会刺激我成功的欲望。 13. It is estimated that sea levels have risen by over 20 ________(厘米)since 1880. 【答案】centimetres 【句意】据估计，自1880年以来，海平面上升了20厘米以上。 14. The city’s average rainfall was 14 ________(毫米)in the 24 hours up to Friday morning. 【答案】millimeters/millimetres 【句意】截至周五上午的24小时内，该市的平均降雨量为14毫米。 15. If the ________(诊所)is e_________ with ________(可调节的)chairs, it will be more convenient for the ________(牙科医生). 【答案】clinic, equipped, adjustable, dentists 【句意】如果诊所的椅子都是可调节的，那么对牙医来说，要方便得多。 16. The boys, faced with this somewhat terrifying figure, had lost their ________(语言). 【答案】tongues 【句意】孩子们面对着这个有点可怕的身影，吓得说不出话来。 17. Literature is the reflection of real life and the revelation of the artistic ________(脉搏)of periods. 【答案】pulse 【句意】文学是对现实生活的反映，是对时代艺术脉搏的揭示。 18. Because of a ________(手腕)injury, the player is likely to lose her chance of winning a gold medal at the Olympics. 【答案】wrist 【句意】由于手腕受伤，该运动员有可能失去在奥运会上获得金牌的机会。 19. It is ________(正常)for you to feel angry and sad, as well as regret that you left the ________(施虐者). 【答案】normal, abuser 【句意】你离开了施虐者时，你会感到愤怒、悲伤以及遗憾都是很正常的。 20. Many Chinese ________(文字)________(象征)their meanings, unlike English words which are spelt out according to how they sound. 【答案】characters, symbolise/symbolize 【句意】许多汉字象征着它们的意义，而不像英语单词那样根据发音来拼写。 21. When she ________(患上)polio(小儿麻痹症), which paralyzed her left leg, she was told she would never walk again. 【答案】contracted 【句意】当她患上小儿麻痹症，左腿瘫痪时，医生告诉她，她再也不能走路了。 22. Judging from the ________(证据)presented, it appears that the accused is not guilty. 【答案】evidence 【句意】从提供的证据来看，被告似乎是无罪的。 23. The two ________(现象)are closely connected to each other, and have led to wide concern. 【答案】phenomena 【句意】这两种现象是密切相关的，并引起了广泛关注。 24. I see you’ve applied for the position of sales consultant in our international sales ________(部门). 【答案】department 【句意】我看到你申请了我们国际销售部的销售顾问一职。 25. ________(化学上), these two types of ________(不生锈的)________(钢)are similar. 【答案】Chemically, stainless, steel 【句意】这两种类型的不锈钢在化学成分上是相似的。 26. Alas, the agency that is drafting the plan is not about to produce a ________(改变游戏规则的)solution. 【答案】game-changing 【句意】遗憾的是，正草拟应对方案的机构，不可能推出一种改变游戏规则的解决方案。 27. As is known to all, our body is made up of countless ________(细胞). 【答案】cells 【句意】众所周知，我们的身体是由无数细胞组成的。 28. If ________(皮革)and ________(橡胶)rubber are burnt, they’ll give of poisonous gases. 【答案】leather, rubber 【句意】如果皮革和橡胶燃烧，它们会释放出有毒气体。 29. It is built with a longer ________(寿命) and an energy-saving design to reduce air ________(阻力). 【答案】lifespan, resistance 【句意】它具有更长的使用寿命和节能设计，以减少空气阻力。 30. Nowadays, it is a common ________(现象)that teenagers are attracted to the online world. 【答案】phenomenon 【句意】如今，青少年被网络世界吸引是一种很常见现象。 31. We’ll spare no effort to t________ the problem ________(果断地). 【答案】tackle, head-on 【句意】我们将不遗余力果断地解决这个问题。 32. Although he has succeeded in the field of ________(专业), he currently has no m________of t________ the challenging problem. 【答案】specialization, means, tackling 【句意】虽然他在这个专业领域取得了成功，但是他目前还没有办法解决这个具有挑战性的问题。 33. This disease is ________(分布广)throughout the earthquake a________ area. 【答案】widespread, affected 【句意】这种疾病在整个地震灾区分布很广。 34. With s________ proofs, the lawyer can certainly prove that he is innocent. 【答案】solid 【句意】有了确凿的证据，律师肯定能证明他是无辜的。 35. They made a c________ that they should pay off all their debts in a year. 【答案】contract 【句意】他们签订了一份合同，要求在一年内偿清所有债务。 36. To keep p________ with the rapid changes of society, the old man keeps the habit of reading newspapers every day. 【答案】pace 【句意】为了跟上社会的快速变化，这位老人保持着每天读报的习惯。 37. When taken according to the directions, the d________ has no side effect. 【答案】drug 【句意】按照说明服用，这种药没有副作用。 38. With the night falling, there was no news and I was on pins and n________. 【答案】needles 【句意】夜幕降临，没有任何消息，我如坐针毡。 39. All classes of his school are e________ with the most modern teaching e________. 【答案】equipped, equipment 【句意】他学校的所有班级都配备了最现代化的教学设备。 40. The eye is one of the most delicate o________ of the body. 【答案】organs 【句意】眼睛是人体最娇贵的器官之一。 二、词性/形转换(用所给单词的正确形式填空) 1. It is normal for you to feel angry and sad, as well as regret that you left the ________(abuse). 【答案】abuser 【句意】你离开了施虐者时，你会感到愤怒、悲伤以及遗憾都是很正常的。 2. He was accused of having used ________(abuse)language. 【答案】abusive 【句意】他被指称使用过侮辱性语言。 3. With graduation day drawing near, the students in Class 5 were ________(anxiety)preparing for their final ________(examine), and none of them wanted to play computer games. 【答案】anxiously, exams/examinations 【句意】随着毕业日子的临近，五班的学生们都在焦急地准备期末考试，他们谁也不想玩电脑游戏。 4. She gave a ________(character)brilliant performance. 【答案】characteristically 【句意】她作了一次富有特色的精彩表演。 5. Chang An is undoubtedly a masterpiece that shows the unique ________(character)of Chinese culture to the world. 【答案】characteristics 【句意】《长安三万里》无疑是一个杰作，显示了中国文化对世界的独特的特征。 6. It is known to all that we live in an age of information ________(character)by many inventions beyond our imagination. 【答案】characterized 【句意】众所周知，我们生活在一个信息时代，其特点是有许多超出我们想象的发明。 7. Don’t worry, for you are all responsible young people, well prepared and ________(equip)to successfully manage the challenges of the years ahead. 【答案】well-equipped 【句意】不要担心，因为你们都是负责任的年轻人，有充分的准备和能力来成功地应对未来的挑战。 8. Here I think the viewpoint of scientific development would contribute to the ________(contact)of the gap directly. 【答案】contraction 【句意】本文认为科学发展观对缩小贫富差距具有直接的指导意义； 9. Single use ________(surgeon)masks have been found thrown around pavements, waterways and beaches worldwide since countries began ordering their use in public places. 【答案】surgical 【句意】自从各国开始下令在公共场所使用一次性外科口罩以来，世界各地的人行道、水道和海滩上都发现了一次性外科口罩。 10. Li Hua’s father is a ________ and his mother is a ________.(physics) 【答案】physicist, physician 【句意】丽华的父亲是一名物理学家，妈妈是一名医生。 11. It is important to keep yourself________(physics)and mentally healthy, especially in such a stressful society. 【答案】physically 【句意】保持身心健康很重要，尤其是在这样一个压力巨大的社会里。 12. Thanks to the ease of real-time communication in the digital age, many young and skilled people start to turn to online platforms, working independently as ________(contract)and consultants rather than looking for permanent employment. 【答案】contractors 【句意】由于数字时代实时通信的便利性，许多年轻有技能的人开始转向在线平台，作为承包商和顾问独立工作，而不是寻找长期的工作。 13.Besides, over the weekend, we can organize a trip to visit those who were ________(severe)affected. 【答案】severely 【句意】此外，在周末，我们可以组织一次旅行去看望那些受到严重影响的人。 14. I consider it necessary to inform people of the ________(severe)of the ________(infect)disease. 【答案】severity, infectious 【句意】我认为有必要告知人们这种传染病的严重性。 15. Nobody is quite sure, but poor diet and above all long-time ________(alcohol)have much to do with it. 【答案】alcoholism 【句意】没人有十足把握但不合理的饮食，尤其是长期酗酒与此有很大关系。 16. They think this research result should be owed to his ________(substance)efforts. 【答案】substantial 【句意】他们认为这个研究结果应该归功于他的不断地努力。 17. He checked the details and found them ________(substance)correct. 【答案】substantially　 【句意】他核对了细节，发现它们基本上是正确的。 18. The ________(symbol)of every gesture will be of vital importance  during the short state visit. 【答案】symbolism 【句意】在这次短暂的国事访问期间，一举一动都将有着极其重要的象征意义。 19. Wedding rings are intended to be ________(symbol)of love and commitment. 【答案】symbolic 【句意】结婚戒指是爱情和承诺的象征。 20. Chinese paper cutting is rich in content and its designs usually ________(symbol)good luck. 【答案】symbolize 【句意】中国的剪纸有丰富的内涵，它的图案通常象征着好运。 21. In this chart, each circle ________(symbol)represents the whole of humanity. 【答案】symbolically 【句意】在这张图表中，每个圆圈都象征性地代表全人类。 22. Daniele Ceccoli, 74, was ________(gratitude)and optimistic after getting operated on at the hospital. . 【答案】grateful 【句意】74岁的丹妮尔·切科利在医院接受手术后，深表感激和保持乐观。 23. It had rained ________(solid)for 10 days prior to my arrival and so the falls were at their most spectacular. 【答案】solidly 【句意】在我到达之前，已经连续下了10天的大雨，所以瀑布是最壮观的。 24. —How about the performance? —Wonderful! This performance is being held for the benefit of the ________(disable), aimed at raising people’s concern about their lives. 【答案】disabled 【句意】“演出怎么样？”“很棒的！这次演出是为了残疾人的利益而举行的，旨在引起人们对残疾人生活的关注。” 25. In the face of his physical _________(disable), the little boy doesn’t lose heart. 【答案】disability 【句意】面对身体上的残疾，这个小男孩并不灰心。作介词的宾语，应用名词disability，故填disability。 26. In mid-September, when their seedless white grapes ________(ripe), local farmers are busy picking grapes to be transported to other parts of the country. 【答案】ripen 【句意】9月中旬，当他们的无核白葡萄成熟时，当地农民正忙着采摘葡萄，然后运往全国各地。 27. The commander-in-chief was given 36 hours to secure a ________(withdraw)of his troops from the combat zone. 【答案】withdrawal 【句意】总司令被要求在36小时内确保他的部队撤出战区。 28. Compared with the smartphones on the market, ________(convention)cellphones have been out of date. 【答案】conventional 【句意】和市场上的智能手机相比，传统的手机已经过时了。 29. For many people, it is common sense that organic food is healthier than ________(convention)grown food. 【答案】conventionally 【句意】对许多人来说，一般都认为有机食品比传统种植的食品更健康。 30. Information must be stored so that it is secure from accidental ________(delete). 【答案】deletion 【句意】信息必须储存起来，以免被意外删除。 31. His visit is expected to lead to the ________(restore)of diplomatic ________(relate). 【答案】restoration, relations 【句意】他的访问有望导致外交关系的恢复。 32. A woman who has recently had plastic ________(surgeon)on her face now regrets the decision. 【答案】surgery 【句意】一位最近做了面部整形手术的女性现在对这个决定感到后悔。 33. ________(chemistry)products were used everywhere, so a lot of agricultural land was polluted. 【答案】Chemical 【句意】化学产品到处都在使用，因此许多农田受到污染。 34. When exposed to stress and anxiety, all of us react both chemically and ________(physical). 【答案】physically 【句意】当我们暴露在压力和焦虑中时，我们所有人都会产生化学反应和身体反应。 35. They tested more than 23,000 ________(chemistry)with no success. 【答案】chemicals 【句意】他们测试了23000多种化学物质，但没有成功。 36. My dream is to become a ________(chemistry)after I resign from my present work. 【答案】chemist 【句意】我的梦想是辞掉现在的工作后成为一名药剂师。 37. Everything will ________(ultimate)depend on what is said at the meeting with the directors next week. 【答案】ultimately 【句意】一切都将最终取决于下周董事会议上所说的话。 38. His childhood was difficult because his father was an ________(alcohol). 【答案】alcoholic 【句意】他的童年很艰难，因为他的父亲是个酒鬼。 39. Scientists are afraid that it is ________(normal)to be so warm at this time of year in this area. 【答案】abnormal 【句意】科学家们担心这个地区这个时间还如此热是不正常的。 40. Success depends ________(fundamental)on our view of ourselves and of the events in our lives. 【答案】fundamentally 【句意】成功根本上取决于我们对自己和生活中事件的看法。 41. As a youngster, she might have found it too ________(restrict), not creative enough. 【答案】restrictive 【句意】作为一个年轻人，她可能会觉得它限制性太强，不够有创造力。 42. People living near the airport are pushing for new ________(restrict)on night flights. 【答案】restrictions 【句意】住在机场附近的人们正在推动对夜间航班实施新的限制。 43. Therefore, we use the ________(chemistry)to make products that are ________(resist)to oil, heat, stains or water. 【答案】chemicals, resistant 【句意】因此，我们使用这些化学物质来制造耐油、耐热、耐污渍或防水的产品。 44. Half of the ________ will take part in the today’s ________ competition.(wrestle) 【答案】wrestlers, wrestling 【句意】其中一半摔跤手将参加今天的摔跤比赛。 45. His voyages opened a new chapter of the Age of Exploration, a period which witnessed many important geographical ________(find). 【答案】findings 【句意】他的航行揭开了大航海时代的新篇章，这一时期见证了许多重要的地理发现。 三、短语填空(从“背”一本“短语”栏目中选择恰当的短语填空) 说明：每个短语只能用一次，且选择范围不包括拓展短语。 1. Competition forces them always to employ the latest technology, which both increases output and ____________ prices. 【答案】puts pressure on 【句意】竞争迫使它们总是采用最新的技术，这既增加了产量，也给价格带来了压力。 2. But the booming business is also _______________ everything from waste to the abuse of workers. 【答案】fuelling concerns about 【句意】该行业虽然蒸蒸日上，但同时也引发人们的一些担忧，比如垃圾问题以及送餐员的待遇问题。 3. We all miss you and _______________ what you did for us. 【答案】are grateful for 【句意】我们都很想念您，也很感激您为我们做的一切。 4. We are trying to solve the problems _______________ the lack of communication. 【答案】arising from/arising out of 【句意】我们正在努力解决由于缺乏沟通而产生的问题。 5. In the last game, I was seriously injured, so I was _______________ doing physical activities for six months. 【答案】prohibited from 【句意】在上一场比赛中，我受了重伤，因此被禁止参加体育活动六个月。 6. The gym is open to the public again, because the new and modern facilities have been _______________. 【答案】put in place 【句意】健身房再次向公众开放，因为新的现代化设施已经到位。 7. Can you tell me all the details _______________ the traffic accident? 【答案】related to 【句意】你能告诉我有关这次交通事故的所有细节吗？ 8. And while _______________ electronic payments is simple and convenient for many people, this isn’t true for everyone. 【答案】switching to 【句意】虽然切换到电子支付对许多人来说简单方便，但并非每个人都是如此。 9. Should students be required to take classes in many subjects or to _______________ one subject? 【答案】specialize in 【句意】学生应该学习多门课程还是应该术业有专攻？ 10. After it _______________ multimedia devices, our school allows us to learn English by watching videos. 【答案】is equipped with 【句意】我们学校配备了多媒体设备，让我们通过看视频来学习英语。 11. We destroyed the planet we lived because we wanted economy to develop _______________ in the past. 【答案】at a fast pace 【句意】在过去，我们破坏了我们赖以生存的地球，因为我们想要快速发展经济。 12. _______________the Internet,we can keep in touch by sending emails . (根据汉语提示完成句子） 【答案】By means of 【句意】通过互联网，我们可以通过发送电子邮件保持联系。 13. The person _______________ cannot wait to consult a doctor. 【答案】catching a certain virus 【句意】这位感染某种病毒的人迫不及待地想去咨询医生。 14. It is a historic amphitheater, the largest ever built. _______________ 70 C．E., it is one of the best-preserved ruins from the Roman Empire. 【答案】Dating from/Dating back to 【句意】这是一个具有历史意义的最大的圆形剧场。它可以追溯到公元70年，是罗马帝国保存最完好的遗迹之一。 15. _____________ what he did made the teacher unhappy. 【答案】Without doubt 【句意】毫无疑问，他所做的事情使老师很不高兴。 16. They will _______________ to help the children who lost their parents in the earthquake. 【答案】go to great lengths 【句意】他们将竭尽全力帮助在地震中失去父母的孩子们。 17.Ι_______________ this physics problem for a whole morning, but I haven’t worked it out. 【答案】have been wrestling 【句意】我整个上午都在努力解决这个物理题，但还没有算出来。 18. He got depressed after business failure and gradually _______________. 【答案】withdrew into himself 【句意】生意失败后，他变得郁郁寡欢，渐渐孤僻起来。 19. We often imagine what can _______________, but we seldom think of all the negative things that could affect us. 【答案】work to our advantage 【句意】我们经常想象对我们有利的事情，但我们很少想到所有可能影响我们的负面事情。 20. May you live to be _______________ and have dozens of grandchildren. 【答案】a ripe old age 【句意】祝您长寿，子孙满堂。 四、核心词汇(根据要求完成相关任务) 1. specialize 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①And today I would like to ________ mention the students of Confucius Institute. 【答案】specially 【解析】修饰动词mention用副词specially。句意：今天我想特别提一下孔子学院的学生们。 ②For years, a panel of ________ discussed and assessed different means of repairing the pagoda. 【答案】specialists 【解析】a panel of... 表示 “一组……”，后面需要接名词复数。special是形容词，其对应的名词specialist表示“专家”，复数形式为 specialists。句意：多年来，一个专家小组讨论并评估了修复宝塔的不同方法。 ③He wanted to give people a good impression on this ________ occasion. 【答案】special 【解析】修饰名词occasion用形容词special。句意：他想在这个特殊的场合给人们留下好印象。 ④There is too much ________ of subjects too early in our schools. 【答案】specialization 【解析】空处由too much修饰，应填不可数名词specialization，作系动词is的表语。句意：在我们的学校里，太早就有太多的科目专业化了。 完成句子 ⑤他专攻化学，而且取得了许多新发现。 He _______________________ and has made a number of new discoveries. 【答案】specializes in chemistry ⑥他专门从事法语到英语的翻译。 He _______________________________. 【答案】specializes in translation from French into English ⑦这项工作需要有专门科学技术知识的人。 The job requires someone ____________________________________. 【答案】with specialized scientific and technical knowledge ⑧不要尝试自己去做；这是需要专业知识的。 Don’t try doing it yourself; it ________________________. 【答案】requires specialized knowledge 2. affect 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①Many companies donated food and medicine to the earthquake ________ area to help. 【答案】affected 【解析】affected受影响的。句意：许多公司向地震灾区捐赠食品和药品。 ②Understanding your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your ________ and emotions. 【答案】affection 【解析】形容词性物主代词your后面跟名词，affection是不可数名词。句意：了解你自己的需求和沟通方式与学会表达自己的情感和情绪同样重要。 ③She was held in deep ________ by all her students. 【答案】affection 【解析】此处作介词宾语，应用名词affection句意：她深受她所有学生的爱戴。 ④He talked to her more, and from all that she said, he was convinced of her having an ________ heart. 【答案】affectionate 【解析】修饰名词heart用形容词affectionate。句意：他又跟她谈了许多话，从她所说的一切来看，他深信她有一颗慈爱的心。 ⑤But Chinese fans have ________ called the mascot the “wonton wrapper” because of its resemblance to the dumpling-like food. 【答案】affectionately 【解析】修饰动词called，用副词affectionately。句意：但中国粉丝亲切地称吉祥物为“馄饨包装”，因为它与饺子一样的食物很相似。 完成句子 ⑥所有的观众都被他简单却能震撼人心的话打动了。 ________________________________ his simple but heartening words.  【答案】All the audience were deeply affected by ⑦坦率地说，我对我生活的这个城市有着深厚的感情。 To be frank, I _____________________ this city I am living in. 【答案】have great affection for ⑧她彬彬有礼地向他打招呼，但没有流露出爱意。 She greeted him civilly __________________________. 【答案】but with no sign of affection ⑨他的所作所为对孩子们的行为产生了不良影响。 _________________________________ children’s behaviour. 【答案】What he did had a bad effect on ⑩显然你没有得到她的青睐，否则，她不会拒绝你的邀请。 It is clear that you _____________________, otherwise she wouldn't reject your invitation.  【答案】didn’t win her affection 3. identify 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①Traditional culture and customs are a source of national pride and help shape national ________. 【答案】identity 【解析】形容词national修饰名词，national identity民族认同。句意：传统文化和习俗是我们民族自豪感的源泉，有助于我们形成民族认同。 ②Wellington Barracks is a restricted area and anyone who enters should have proper ________. 【答案】identification 【句意】形容词proper修饰名词，名词作宾语，identification是名词，表示“身份证明”时是抽象概念，不可数。故填identification。句意：惠灵顿兵营是禁区，任何进入的人都应该有适当的身份证明。 ③Walking along the street after work yesterday, the policeman ________ the man who robbed the store. 【答案】identified 【解析】分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，句子表述过去事实，故使用一般过去时identified。句意：昨天下班后走在街上的警察认出了抢劫商店的那个人。 ④The house is easily _________ by the large tree outside. 【答案】identifiable 【解析】副词easily修饰形容词identifiable可识别的，可辨认的，且作表语。句意：这房子很容易从外面的这棵大树辨认出来。 ⑤The two pictures are similar, although not ________. 【答案】identical 【解析】此处作表语，应用形容词identical“相同的”。故填identical。句意：这两幅画虽然不完全相同，但很相似。 完成句子 ⑥在网上分享了这个故事后，我收到了一个人的来信，他鉴别出/认出这位女士就是艾琳·史密斯。 After sharing the story online,I heard from someone,who _________________ Erin Smith. 【答案】identified the lady as ⑦眼睛被认为是心灵的窗户，对一个人来说是很重要的。 Eyes _____________________________________, which are significant to a person. 【答案】are identified as the window of the soul ⑧她向警方表明自己是那辆车的司机。 She ____________________________ the driver of the car. 【答案】identified herself to the police as ⑨这部电影不仅认同中国人民，而且让世界探索唐诗的丰富传统和“中国诗歌宇宙”。 This film not only _____________________ but also allows the world to explore the rich tradition of Tang poetry and the “Chinese Poetry Universe.” 【答案】identifies with the Chinese people 4. relate 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①Manners are important to happy ________ among people. 【答案】relations 【解析】根据上文happy可知应填名词，表示“关系”为relation。且relation为可数名词，前面没有冠词应用复数形式relations。句意：礼貌对于人们之间的幸福关系是很重要的。 ②I will ask one of my ________ to look after the babies. 【答案】relatives 【解析】one of后接可数名词复数形式，relative“亲戚”的复数形式是relatives。故填relatives。句意：我要请我的一位亲戚来照看这些婴儿。 ③Considering the failure of the previous plan, this turned out to be a ________ success. 【答案】relative 【解析】形容词relative作定语修饰名词success。句意：考虑到前一个计划的失败，这个计划相对来说还是成功的。 ④According to the theory of ________, nothing can travel faster than light. 【答案】relativity 【解析】the theory of relativity 是一个专有名词，意为：相对论。句意：根据相对论，没有什么能比光传播得更快。 ⑤Lack of exercise is also a risk factor for heart disease but it’s ________ small when compared with the others. 【答案】relatively 【解析】此处应用副词relatively修饰形容词small，意为“相对地”，作状语，故填relatively。句意：缺乏锻炼也是患心脏病的一个危险因素，但是与其他因素相比，这个危险因素相对较小。 完成句子 ⑥这个剧本和一个久远的爱情故事有关。 The play ________________________ which took place a long time ago. 【答案】is related to a love story ⑦它的大脑相对于它的身体来说很小。 Its brain is small ________________________. 【答案】in relation to its body ⑧她对警方讲述了上个星期发生的事情。 She _____________________________________ the police. 【答案】related the events of the previous week to related what happened last week to ⑨我们需要解释为什么这些问题很重要并且把它们与日常生活联系起来。 We need to explain why these issues are important and ___________________________. 【答案】relate them to everyday life 5. means 用恰当的词填空 ①All possible ________ have been tried, but not every ________ works. 【答案】means, means 【解析】means方法(单复数同形)。句意：所有可能的方法都试过了，但不是所有的方法都有效。 ②Do you have the ________ to support a family? 【答案】means 【解析】means财富，钱财(单复数同形)。句意：你的收入能养活全家吗？ ③We are rather skeptical about the sympathy he claims to have for the poor, for he is ________ with his money. 【答案】mean 【解析】mean吝啬的，小气的。句意：我们对他所说的对穷人的同情持怀疑态度，因为他很吝啬/小气。 ④He spoke for a long time but his ________ did not really come across. 【答案】meaning 【解析】meaning意思。句意：他说了很长时间，但他的意思并没有真正表达出来。 ⑤Yeah, life is ________ in itself, but we can make it ________ and colourful. 【答案】meaningless, meaningful 【解析】meaningless没有意义的，meaningful有意义的。句意：是的，生活本身是没有意义的，但我们可以使它变得富有意义和丰富多彩。 完成句子 ⑥看电影被视为是一种很好的娱乐方式。 Watching films is regarded as _________________________. 【答案】a good means of entertainment ⑦他是一个意志坚强的人，决不会向困难屈服。 He is a strong determined person and __________________________ give in to difficulties. 【答案】by no means will he ⑧哈雷通过自己的仔细观察得到了这一发现。 Halley made his discovery _____________________________________. 【答案】by means of his own careful observation ⑨到目前为止，每一种可能的方法都试过了，我们发现只有用这种方法才有可能说服他。 _______________________ so far, and we find only _________________ is it possible to persuade him. 【答案】Every possible means has been tried, by this means ⑩他既接受过相应的教育又有天赋，当然可以胜任这份工作。 He has got both corresponding education and talents and is ___________________________. 【答案】by all means equal to this job 6. prohibit 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①According to the ________, visitors ________ from damaging any cultural heritage when they are visiting. 【答案】prohibition, are prohibited　 【解析】第一空前是the，故设空处应填名词，prohibit的名词形式是prohibition，表示“禁令”；第二空为主句的谓语部分，prohibit和其前的主语visitors为被动关系，所以使用被动语态，该句讲述的是禁令的内容，结合when引导的时间状语从句的are visiting确定句子的时态为一般现在时，visitors为复数，第二空填are prohibited。句意：根据这项禁令，游客在游览时禁止破坏任何文化遗产。 ②The law ________ people under 18 from purchasing alcohol. 【答案】prohibits 【解析】句中缺谓语，且要用一般现在时第三人称单数。句意：法律禁止18岁以下的人购买酒类。 完成句子 ③他因视力不好而不能当飞行员。 His poor eyesight ___________________________. 【答案】prohibited him from becoming a pilot/prohibited his becoming a pilot ④应禁止人们使用塑料袋以消除白色污染。 People _________________________ to eliminate white pollution. 【答案】should be prohibited from using plastic bags ⑤一些城市禁止在人行道上骑自行车，但一定年龄以下的儿童除外。 Some cities ____________________, but make exceptions for children under a certain age. 【答案】prohibit cycling on sidewalks ⑥自从新的醉驾禁令发布，该区域的事故数锐减。 Since _______________________ was introduced, the number of accidents in the area has fallen sharply. 【答案】the new prohibition of drunk driving 7. arise 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①New social problems have ________ due to the unfair distribution of the social wealth so far. 【答案】arisen 【解析】分析句子结构和意思可知，这句话有so far作时间状语，谓语用现在完成时，空格前面有助动词have，后面用过去分词形式arisen。句意：到目前为止，由于社会财富分配不公，出现了新的社会问题。 ②The next morning, the two girls ________ early to take the train to Lake Louise. 【答案】arose 【解析】分析句子可知，空格处在句中作谓语。根据句中时间状语The next morning，此处应用一般过去时态arose。句意：第二天早上，两个女孩起得很早，准备乘火车去路易斯湖。 ③If the opportunity ________, I’d love to go abroad for further study. 【答案】arises 【解析】本句是if引导的条件状语从句，根据主将从现原则，主句I'd love to do表将来，从句应用一般现在时。故填arises。句意：如果有机会，我想出国深造。 完成句子 ④我们正在努力解决由于缺乏沟通而产生的问题。 We are trying to _____________________ the lack of communication. 【答案】solve/tackle the problems arising from/arising out of/resulting from ⑤看到他们最喜欢的明星走进来，那些忠实的影迷们立刻从座位上站了起来。 Seeing their favorite star come in, the devoted fans _____________________ immediately. 【答案】arose from their seats 8. resistance 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①Nowadays few of us can ________ the temptation of smart phones, for the convenience they bring to our life makes anyone trying to be ________ to them finally quits his or her ________. 【答案】resist, resistant, resistance 【解析】由can可知第一空应填入动词原形resist，与can构成复合谓语；由句意结合be 和to 可知第二空应填入形容词resistant 构成短语“be resistant to ”表示“抵抗，抵制……”；第三空位于形容词性物主代词his和her之后，应填入不可数名词resistance作宾语。句意：如今，我们中很少有人能够抵抗智能手机的诱惑，因为智能手机给我们的生活带来的便利使任何试图抵制智能手机的人最终放弃了自己的抵制。 ②We came up with a great deal of ________ in dealing with the case. 【答案】resistance 【解析】a great deal of修饰不可数名词，resist的名词形式是resistance意为“阻力”，不可数名词。句意：我们在处理这个案子时遇到了很大的阻力。 完成句子 ③随着气温上升到37℃，所有的学生都强烈反对关掉空调。 With the temperature rising to 37℃,  ______________________________ the air conditioner. 【答案】all the students are strongly resistant to switching off ④这件外套看起来很好看，而且正好打八折，所以我忍不住买了下来。 The coat looked very nice and it happened to be 40% off, so I _________________________. 【答案】couldn’t resist buying it ⑤你当时本应该抵制住诱惑，你却没有。 _____________________________ at that time, but you didn’t. 【答案】should have resisted the temptation 9. debate 完成句子 ①然而，我们的讨论不仅仅是一种练习辩论技巧的方法。 However, our discussions are more than just ________________________. 【答案】a way to practice debating skills ②关于何时举行运动会的问题仍正在争论之中。 The problem about ________________________________. 【答案】when to hold the sports meeting is still under debate/is still being debated ③双方就宇宙起源的问题展开了辩论。 The two sides _____________________________ of the origin of the universe. 【答案】debated with each other about/on/over the question ④他刚才和他的经理进行了一场辩论。 He ________________________ his manager just now. 【答案】had/held a debate against ⑤在过去的一个世纪里，气候发生了显著的变化是无可争辩的。 _______________________ the climate has changed markedly over the last century. 【答案】It is beyond/without debate that ⑥我们班就是否应该禁止学生在学校使用手机进行了一场激烈的辩论。 Our class __________________________ students should be forbidden to have mobile phones in school. 【答案】had/held a heated debate on whether ⑧然而，我们的讨论不仅仅是一种练习辩论技巧的方法。 However, our discussions are more than just a way ________________________. 【答案】to practice our debating skills 10. disturb 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①The  ________ news  ________ the family’s peaceful life and the family all felt ________. 【答案】disturbing, disturbed, disturbed 【解析】句意：这个令人不安的消息扰乱了这家人平静的生活，全家人都感到不安。分析句子和句意可知，空处①应为形容词，作定语修饰名词“news”，disturbing形容词，表示“令人不安的”；空处②应为动词，作谓语，根据“felt”和句意可知，应为一般过去时disturbed；空处③应为形容词，作表语，disturbed形容词，表示“感到不安的”。 ②The teacher told the naughty boy to leave as he was a ________ to the other students. 【答案】disturbance 【解析】分析句子，设空处使用disturb的名词disturbance作表语。句意：老师叫那个淘气的男孩离开，因为他妨碍了其他学生。 完成句子 ③他指出，这些行为已经严重扰乱了社会秩序。 He pointed out that these actions __________________________. 【答案】had disturbed the social order seriously ④他被指控在赛后扰乱治安。 He _____________________________________________ after the game. 【答案】was charged with/was accused of causing a disturbance ⑤最近发生的事使他精神错乱。 The recent matters have _____________________________. 【答案】got/made him mentally/emotionally disturbed ⑥他从租来的公寓里搬了出来，因为邻居们抱怨他扰乱了社区的宁静。 He moved out of his rented flat after ____________________________. 【答案】complaints from his neighbors about disturbing the peace ⑦报纸揭露了一些令人不安的真相。 The newspaper has ____________________________. 【答案】unearthed/revealed some disturbing facts ⑧警方对最近的趋势感到非常不安。 The police _________________________ the latest trend. 【答案】are very disturbed about/by ⑨读到一种新的流行病爆发的消息使我感到不安。 _____________________ that a new epidemic had broken out. 【答案】It disturbed me to read 11. adjust 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①The seats are ________; that is to say, you can ________ them to a certain angle or height. The ________ is not difficult to make. 【答案】adjustable, adjust, adjustment 【解析】第一空用形容词adjustable作表语；情态动词can后接动词原形，第二空adjust用动词原形形式；第三空用名词adjustment作主语。句意：座椅可调节；也就是说，你可以将它们调整到某个角度或高度。调整并不困难。 ②He will have to make major ________ to his way of thinking if he is to survive in office. 【答案】adjustments 【解析】分析句子可知，句中“major”为形容词，后应接名词，又空格前无冠词修饰，结合句意可知进行的不止一项调整，空格处应用“adjustment”的复数形式“adjustments”，在句中作宾语。句意：如果他想保住自己的工作，就必须对自己的思维方式进行重大调整。 完成句子 ③对于残疾人来说，他们别无选择，只能适应目前的生活。 For people with disabilities they have no option but _______________________. 【答案】to adjust to their current life ④得知你在适应新的学校生活方面有些困难，我写信给你一些建议，希望能对你有帮助。 知道你在适应新的学校生活方面有一些困难，我写信给你一些建议。 Knowing that you ______________________________, I’m writing to give you some tips, which I hope will be of help to you. 【答案】have some difficulty/trouble(in)adjusting(yourself)to the new school life ⑤由于我没有及时调整相关的信息，这给您带来极大的不便，我写信向您道歉。 I am writing to apologize to you for ____________________, causing great inconvenience to you. 【答案】my not adjusting the relevant information in time my not making adjustments to the relevant information in time ⑥作为一名交换生，我花了很长时间才适应独自生活在澳大利亚。 As an exchange student, ___________________________________ in Australia. 【答案】it took me a long time to adjust to living alone ⑦这种书桌的高低可以按照你的需要调节。 This kind of desk ______________________ you need. 【答案】can be adjusted to the height ⑧座椅可调节；也就是说，你可以将它们调整到某个角度或高度。 The seats _______________; that is to say, you can _____________________________. 【答案】are adjustable, adjust them to a certain angle or height 12. evidence 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①There is a great deal of ________ indicating that music activities engage different parts of the brain. 【答案】evidence 【解析】a great deal of后要跟名词，evident的名词是evidence，意为“证据”，是不可数名词，故填evidence。句意：有大量证据表明，音乐活动涉及大脑的不同部分。 ②________, some of these questions are rather too difficult to answer. 【答案】Evidently 【解析】分析句子可知，此处修饰整个句子，应用副词作状语，evident的副词形式是evidently意为“显然地”，置于句首，首字母大写。故填Evidently。句意：显然，其中一些问题相当难以回答。 完成句子 ③患病期间他表现出的勇气对我们大家来说是显而易见的。 His courage during his illness _______________________. 【答案】was evident to all of us ④我们逐渐找到了进一步的证实这种理论的科学根据。 Gradually, we _________________________________. 【答案】found further scientific evidence for/of this theory ⑤显然，他的话很伤人，伤透了她的心。 ______________________ his remarks were very hurtful, which broke her heart. 【答案】It was evident that ⑥你应该给出令人信服的证据来使别人相信你。 You should _____________________ to make yourself convinced. 【答案】give convincing evidence ⑦她很怕被法庭传去当证人。 She was scared she ____________________.  【答案】would be called to give evidence ⑧有令人信服的证据表明暴露在阳光下和皮肤癌症之间有联系。 ________________________ a link between exposure to sun and skin cancer. 【答案】There is convincing evidence of ⑨没有证据把他们和这次袭击联系在一起。 _____________________________ them with the attack. 【答案】There is no evidence to connect/link ⑩在听到对他不利的证词之前，你假定他是无罪的。 You assume him to be innocent before hearing _____________________. 【答案】the evidence against him 13. switch 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①In this house there are many ________ to control the lights. 【答案】switches 【解析】switch开关，可数名词，由many可知应用复数形式switches。句意：这所房子里有许多控制电灯的开关。 ②After several ________ of direction, I found myself in front of the post office. 【答案】switches 【解析】several后要跟名词的复数switches。句意：转了几圈后，我发现自己来到了邮局前面。 ③As a consequence of the heavy rain, the date of the sports meeting ________. 【答案】was switched 【解析】根据句意可知，这里表示过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。主语为the date，表示单数，和动词switch之间是被动关系，所以应用被动语态，且谓语应用单数，故填was switched。句意：由于大雨，运动会的日期改变了。 完成句子 ④他把谈话从一个话题转到另一个话题。 He ______________________________________________. 【答案】switched the conversation from one subject to another ⑤我们问他们是否愿意和我们交换位置。 We asked them if they would ________________________. 【答案】switch places with us ⑥谢天谢地，我已经学会了不再烦恼，把它抛到脑后。 Thankfully, I’ve _____________________ and let it go over my head. 【答案】learned to switch off ⑦下个周末我不能上班——咱俩调个班好不好？ I can’t work next weekend—_____________________?  【答案】will you switch(shifts)with me ⑧他想换一下台看中央六台一个更好的节目。 He wants _____________________________ on CCTV­6. 【答案】to switch over to watch a better programme ⑨我们厌倦了这个无聊的话题，为什么不换一个有趣的呢？ We are tired of the boring topic. Why not __________________________? 【答案】switch it to an interesting one ⑩自20世纪80年代以来，有了卫星电视和互联网，只需轻轻一按开关就可以收听英式英语和美式英语。 Since the 1980s, with satellite TV and the Internet, it has been possible __________________________ ____________________. 【答案】to listen to British and American English at the flick of a switch ⑪向自由市场经济的转变并不容易。 ____________________________ will not be easy. 【答案】The switch to a free market economy 五、句型仿写 1. 我从来没有见过我的母亲像现在这样对我的进步如此满意。 I have _______________________________ my progress as she is now. 【答案】never seen my mother as/so pleased with 2. 没有什么比母亲对孩子的爱更深。 ______________________________ loves her children. 【答案】There is nothing so deeply as a mother 3. 没有人蠢到相信世间有什么偶然发生的事。 ________________________ that anything happens by chance.  【答案】No one is so foolish as to believe 4. 没有他们的帮助，我们不可能实现我们的梦想。 _________________ their help, we _________________________________ our dream. 【答案】Without/But for, couldn’t have realized our dream 5. 我们当时不知道你遇到了困难，要不然我们会帮助你的。 We didn’t know you were in trouble at that time, _________________________ you a hand. 【答案】otherwise/or else we would have given 6. 我本来打算参加那次讲座的，但那天我在忙着准备一个工作面试。 I _____________________ the lecture, _____________________ a job interview that day. 【答案】would have attended, but I was busy preparing for 7. 毫无疑问，那些对科学做出巨大贡献的人是值得尊敬的。 ______________________________ have made great contributions to science are worthy of being respected. 【答案】There is little/no doubt that those who 8. 运动会是否按计划于下周举行还有些疑问。 _____________________________________________________ next week as planned. 【答案】There is some doubt whether the sports meeting will be held 9. 在许多洞穴中都有人类居住的证据。 In many of the caves _____________________________ human occupation. 【答案】there is evidence of 10. 没有令人信服的证据表明他是凶手。 __________________________________ he is the murderer. 【答案】There is no convincing evidence that 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$