第1部分 选择性必修第2册 Unit 3 Fit for life-【名师导航】2025年高考英语一轮总复习讲义（译林版）

Fit for life 续写语料积累 背诵·句之美 欣赏·语之秀 1．(行为描写)(2024·济宁市模拟)I stormed into my bedroom, anger mounting up within me． 2．(心理描写)(2024·东营模拟测试)I wanted to bang my head against a tree a thousand times and make the world just go away． 3．(人物描写)(2024·张家口市模拟)We were about to leave when a young man in a blue shirt with brown hair stopped us． (2023·浙江1月卷)Content and joyful, the hummingbird turned her head from side to side as if expressing her gratitude for saving her life to me again．At that moment, happiness and the feeling of being moved mixed, welling up into my heart, tears rolling down my cheeks． 核心单词 语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空) 1．________ vt．感染(疾病)；与……订立合同(或契约) n．合同，合约 2．________ vt．删去，删除 3．________ vt．恢复；修复；使复原，使复位 4．________ vi．发生，出现；(由……)引起，(因……)产生 5．________ vt．& vi．讨论，辩论；仔细考虑，思考 n．讨论，争论；辩论 6．________ vi．& vt．脱离(社会)，不与人交往；(使)撤回；(使)退出；停止提供 7．________ vt．增加，刺激；给……提供燃料 n．燃料 8．________ vt．应付，处理，解决 9．________ vi．& vt．转变；交换；调班 n．开关，闸；转变，改变 10．________ vt．滥用；虐待；辱骂 n．滥用；虐待；辱骂 1．When Mum and Dad came home and viewed the broken vase, we knew any explanation would only serve ________(fuel) their anger． 2．To my relief, my husband is now fully ________ (restore) to health． 3．My mother's interest ________(switch) to my health by the time I graduated from college． 4．The man sat by the window ________(debate) with his wife on what to do to earn more money． 5．People living outside Africa shouldn't be particularly concerned about ________(contract) the virus． 6．Every day the newspapers tell stories of children worldwide who ________(abuse)． 7．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷改)Now a team of researchers at the University of Zurich, Switzerland, has found how and why this trend ________(arise)． 8．He refused ________(withdraw) his rude remarks made about his boss and was dismissed from the company． 9．With specific software, you may be able to recover photos accidentally ________(delete) from your cell phone． 派生单词 语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空) 1．affect vt．影响；侵袭，使感染；深深打动→________ n．喜爱；钟爱 2．identify vt．找到，发现；确认，认出；显示，说明身份→________ n．识别；鉴定；确认 3．evidence n．证据，证明；物证，人证 vt．证明，表明→________ adj．明显的→________ adv．明显地，显而易见 4．resist vt．抵抗；抗拒→________ n．抵抗力；抵制，反对；抵抗，反抗→________ adj．抵抗的，反抗的 5．disabled adj．有残疾的，丧失能力的→________ n．缺陷，障碍 6．disturb vt．使不安；打扰；搅乱→________ adj．令人不安的；引起恐慌的→________ adj．感到不安的→________ n．打扰；干扰；骚乱；骚动 7．examine vt．检查，检验；审查，调查；考，测试；审问→________ n．考试；检查 8．alcohol n．酒精，酒→________ adj．酒精的；含酒精的 n．酒鬼；嗜酒如命者 9．infected adj．被感染的→________ n．传染，感染→________ adj．传染的；易传染的 1．Tom had a deep ________ for his grandfather, so he was deeply ________ by his grandfather's death．(affect) 2．Each product has a QR code for easy ________， and any product ________ as fake must be replaced or refunded within seven days．(identify) 3．Jill ________ believed that Jack knocked him down twice deliberately before Thursday's game, despite much ________ to the contrary．(evident) 4．Nowadays few people can ________ the temptation of smartphones, which contain so many interesting things that whoever tries to be ________ to them finally has to give up their ________．(resist) 5．Human activities usually have a ________ effect on animals that are sensitive to ________．So avoid doing things that will ________ their living environment．(disturb) 6．Unlike any ________ drink, a soft drink is a cold drink that does not contain ________， especially one that is sweet and has bubbles in it．(alcohol) 7．H5N1 is a deadly and highly ________ virus．In 1997, of the first recorded 18 cases of human ________ with H5N1, six died．(infect) 高频短语 语境运用(选用左栏短语的适当形式填空) 1．___________ 涉及，与……相关 2．___________ 禁止某人做某事 3．___________ 努力处理，全力解决 4．___________ 准备就绪 5．___________ 毫无疑问，的确 6．___________ 竭尽全力做某事，不遗余力做某事 7．___________ 追溯到，始于，自……至今 8．___________ 对某人有利 9．___________ 脱离(社会)，不与人交往 1．So far, no program for its use has been ___________ to support the platform beyond 2025． 2．The needle treatment, which ___________ ancient times in China, is gradually accepted by many foreigners． 3．(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago, but they record moments we can all ___________． 4．English, ___________， is also used as the language of communication in the international business community． 5．Another time a bull broke free, and this time Henry had to ___________ it before he could get it tied up again． 6．Celebrities always try to hide from the media while ordinary people ___________ attract public attention． 原句结构辨识 写作佳句背诵 1．as引导时间状语从句 As the technology continues to develop at a fast pace，however，questions arise about how to use it appropriately． 日子一天天过去，花儿开了，阳光更加灿烂，希望开始充满他们的心中。 _____________， the flowers bloomed, the sun shone brighter，and hope began to fill their hearts．(续写之情景描写) 2．动词­ing形式作后置定语 For example, there are different theories trying to explain how it eases pain, but no agreement has been reached． 我如释重负地躺在草地上，凝视着对我微笑的闪闪发光的星星。 I lay on the grass in relief, staring at the sparkling stars ________________．(续写之情感描写) 1．relate vi．& vt．联系，使有联系；叙述，讲述 ①(2021·北京卷)Arguing is that you and your opponent present your concerns and discuss the feelings and issues related ________ those concerns． ②(2019·全国Ⅰ卷改)Through the program, students are hired in a variety of summer positions across the Provincial Public Service, its ________(relate) agencies and community groups． ③When planning an interview for a story, think about the topic and develop a list of questions ________ to it． 校园欺凌对与之相关的人有很大的危害。 ①Campus bullying does great harm to _________________________．(relate) ②Campus bullying does great harm to _________________________．(relation) ◎relate sth to sth把某事物和某事物联系起来 ◎relate sth to sb向某人叙述/讲述某事 ◎relate to涉及；与……相关；谈到 ◎related adj．相关的；有(亲属)关系的 ◎be related to ... 和……有关的；和……有联系的 ◎relation n．关系 ◎in/with relation to关于；与……相比 ◎relate his opinion to the fact把他的观点和事实联系起来 ◎relate directly to the skills and standards required at work与工作所需的技能和标准直接相关 ◎be closely related to economic and social problems与经济和社会问题密切相关 2．means n．方法，方式；财富，钱财 ①Plenty of technical means ________(try), but the machine still fails to start． ②In traditional Chinese culture, fairy tales often appear by means ________ myths, legends, fables and so on． ③(2021·全国乙卷)Plastic straws are ________ no means the biggest source of plastic pollution, but they've recently come under fire． (普通表达)Punishment is by no means a wise choice to help children grow physically and mentally． (高级表达)________________________________ to help children grow physically and mentally．(使用倒装结构) ◎by this means用这种方法 ◎by means of用……办法；借助…… ◎by all means可以；当然行；没问题 ◎by no means决不；一点也不(位于句首时，句子用部分倒装) ◎a means of ... 一种……手段/方式/工具 ◎a novel means of doing the job一个干这活儿的新奇方法 ◎the most common means of transport最常见的交通方式 ◎test each item by means of specific techniques采用特定技术测试每个项目 3．pace n．发生的速度，节奏；步速；快节奏 vi．& vt．来回踱步，走来走去；确定速度，调整节奏 ①Very late at night, she found John ________(pace) up and down his flat, unable to fall asleep． ②Students in my school study at ________(they) own pace, and the teachers seldom set exams． ③In the evening, rides are usually ________ a more relaxed and unhurried pace． 在茂密的森林中，他不得不谨慎地前行，时刻都可能遭遇危险。 He had to __________________ in the dense forest, where danger could arise at any time． ◎at a(n) ... pace以……的速度 ◎at one's own pace按自己的进度 ◎keep pace with sb/sth与某人/某物并驾齐驱/步调一致 ◎pace up and down来回踱步 ◎march at a steady pace稳步行进 ◎gather pace越来越快；加速 ◎slow down the pace of life放慢生活节奏 4．restrict vt．限制，限定；束缚，妨碍；约束，管束 ①Most 3D food printers now ________(restrict) to dry ingredients, because meat and milk products may easily go bad． ②Public transport is restricted to ________(have) only one passenger per seat, ensuring the distance between passengers． ③The women were put on a diet that restricted them ________ 1，400 calories a day． (普通表达)Keep in mind that speed is limited to 30 mph in towns． (高级表达)Keep in mind that speed is _____________ to 30 mph in towns． ◎restrict sth to sth把……限制在……范围内 ◎restrict sth to sb限制某人的…… ◎restrict sb to (doing) sth限制/约束某人(做)…… ◎be restricted to ... 只限于…… ◎restriction n．限制，约束，制约因素 ◎restrict myself to one cup of coffee a day我每天只喝一杯咖啡 ◎restrict public access to the hills限制公众进山 ◎restrict the number of students per class to fifty每个班的学生人数限定为50人 5．prohibit vt．(尤指以法令)禁止；使不可能 ①Some governments restrict or prohibit ________(keep) some specific animals, such as crocodiles． ②According to the new rules, shops ________(prohibit) from giving plastic bags to consumers free of charge． ③The security policy should include a clear prohibition ________ employees working from home unless sufficient safeguards are put in place． (普通表达)People are not allowed to feed birds at the airport． (高级表达)There's a ________________ birds at the airport． (高级表达)People are ________________ birds at the airport． ◎prohibit sth禁止某事 ◎prohibit (one's) doing sth禁止(某人)做某事 ◎prohibit sb from doing sth禁止/阻止某人做某事；使某人不可能做某事 ◎prohibition n．禁止；禁令 ◎a prohibition on/against (doing) sth(做)某事的禁令；禁止(做)某事 ◎a law prohibiting the sale of alcohol禁止售酒的法令 ◎prohibit many people from taking up this sport令许多人对这项运动望而却步 ◎take away any prohibited items没收一切违禁物品 6．equip vt．配备；使有能力 ①(2021·浙江6月卷)It is not clear why dogs seem ________(equip) with the ability to recognize different facial expressions in humans． ②Relative poverty, however, did not prevent Martin from equipping himself ________ an excellent education． ③(2021·天津卷)We provide full furnishings, like donated kitchen ________(equip) and furniture items, for the new homes of people who were once homeless． 这些经历赋予了我追逐梦想所需的激情、技能和信心。 These experiences ____________________________________ that I needed to go after my dream． ◎equip ... with ... 给……装备/配备上…… ◎equip ... to do sth使……有能力做某事 ◎equip sb for sth使某人为……做好准备；使某人胜任…… ◎be equipped with ... 装备着……；具备…… ◎equipment n．设备；装备；配备；器材 ◎equip the children to meet the trial they face使孩子们有能力迎接所面临的考验 ◎equip students for a career in nursing使学生们能够胜任护理工作 ◎be equipped with automatic fire alarm systems配备有火灾自动报警系统 7．adjust vt．& vi．调整，调节；适应，习惯；整理 ①It took him quite a while to adjust himself to ________(live) alone after his parents passed away． ②They should either monitor their websites better, or they should adjust their websites ________ the needs of younger users． ③(2019·江苏卷)________(adjust) to an upright position was quite a challenge, especially when the bones had to support an extra­large skull． A sudden gust of wind blew out his torch and an absolute darkness ruled the cave immediately．It took seconds _____________________________(他的眼睛才逐渐适应了黑暗)． ◎adjust ... to ... 调整……以适应…… ◎adjust (oneself) to使(自己)适应；习惯 ◎adjustment n．调整；适应；调节 ◎adjustable adj．可调节的；可调整的 ◎adjust the indoor temperature调节室内温度 ◎quickly adjust yourself to student life很快适应学生生活 ◎make an adjustment to your plan对你的计划进行调整 8．date back to追溯到，始于，自……至今 ①(2023·全国甲卷改)Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well­known Aesop's fables date back ________ the sixth century B．C． ②Every year, a good many tourists are attracted to visit the old tower which ________(date) from the eleventh century． 这片丘陵地区生长着一些世界上最古老的松树，有些可以追溯到一万年前。 The hilly region is home to some of the world's oldest pine trees, ____________________________________________________________________． ◎date from追溯到…… ◎out of date过时的；陈旧的 ◎up to date最近的；新式的；现代的 ◎to date迄今为止；到目前为止 ◎a law dating from the 17th century自17世纪起沿用至今的一条法律 ◎the most accurate description to date迄今为止最准确的描述 ◎feel old and out of date感觉老了、落伍了 Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空 1．A basic two­hour first aid course would equip you ________(deal) with any of these incidents． 2．In ________(relate) to the recent changes, we need to reassess our strategy and make necessary adjustments． 3．For safety reasons, New York state law prohibits ________(take) a child under one year on a bicycle． 4．We have been preparing our soldiers to adjust ________(they) to ordinary social life after they leave the army． 5．The hospital has recently obtained new medical ________(equip), allowing more patients to be treated． 6．I rode with my cousin to my grandfather's house, where we found him ________(pace) back and forth, awaiting our arrival． 7．The worst typhoon this year destroyed many buildings including an ancient castle ________(date) back to the 13th century． 8．It's important to judge the quality and depth of your motivation because it is directly ________(relate) to your commitment． Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词 1．Students are prohibited ________ using cell phones during class to ensure a focused learning environment． 2．Access to the club is restricted ________ members only, on a first­come­first­served basis, of course． 3．Written Chinese has also become an important means ________ which China's present is connected with its past． 4．I opened my door only to discover an object with wheels, equipped ________ a lid, a large button and a small digital screen． 5．(2020·浙江7月卷改)Bellevue uses a system that is gaining popularity: intersection signals that can adjust in real time ________ traffic conditions． Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空 1．Our own personal genome carries all the information ________(need) to make us grow and develop． 2．Some people carry a gene that makes them more likely ________(catch) a certain virus or develop a particular form of cancer． 3．Genome editing, ________(serve) as a new weapon in the fight against diseases, will lead to a fundamental change in our approach to health care． 4．One theory explaining this phenomenon suggests that acupuncture ________(block) pain signals from reaching the brain． 5．Despite the ________(uncertain) about its medical basis, acupuncture has become a popular form of treatment． 6．Up to now, more than 360 acupuncture points have been identified, each ________(link) to a different part of the body． Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词 1．One day soon we will be able to use genome editing to increase the human resistance ________ colds and flu． 2．We will be able to select specific characteristics for children before they are born, creating ________ some have called “designer babies”． 3．There is evidence that acupuncture dates back to the Stone Age, ________ stone tools called bian were used to press areas of the body． 4．Some acupuncturists today still use gold and silver needles, but the majority have now switched ________ stainless steel ones． 5．Nowadays, the fine sharp needles that measure usually between 15 and 75 millimetres ________ length are still used． 6．Ultimately, this new technology might even make ________ possible to prevent diseases from ever developing by correcting abnormal genes early on． Ⅰ．熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思) 1．(2022·全国乙卷) By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing higher­value services for railways, detecting faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems． ________ A．(铁路的)道岔，转辙器 B．改变 C．调班 2．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the musician doesn't have to break the flow of sound by doing it themselves． ________ A．乐谱　　　B．得分，分数　　C．刻痕 3．(2018·江苏卷) It's vital that new compulsory age­appropriate relationship and sex education lessons in England should help equip children to deal with the growing demands of social media． ________ A．配备 B．准备 C．使有能力 Ⅱ．长难语句(分析句子的结构并翻译成汉语) 1．(2022·全国乙卷)They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points． 本句是一个简单句，可简化为：They could do ... the same thing to inspect railway lines and other ... aspects of rail infrastructure ... 。句中不定式短语to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure作________状语。 [尝试翻译]　________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 2．(2022·全国乙卷)Fruit juices, milk­based drinks and most alcoholic drinks are free of the tax, as are small companies manufacturing fewer than 1m litres per year． 本句是一个复合句，可简化为：Fruit juices, ... drinks are free of the tax, as are small companies ... 。句子的后半部分是as开头的________句，意为“……也一样”，与so引出的倒装句基本相同。另外，manufacturing ... 是动词­ing形式短语作后置________，修饰companies。 [尝试翻译]　________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ Two years ago, I contracted an unknown virus, causing me to lose my right hand 1．________(ultimate) despite the fact that my surgeon went to great lengths to treat me．I became disabled, 2．________ completely disturbed the balance of my mind．I began to withdraw into myself, 3．________(think) that I'd never be able to live normally again．I did try to adjust myself and wrestle 4．________ my difficulties, but in vain．My life was in a total mess and I started to abuse alcohol as a means to relieve my stress and 5．________(anxious)． However, all that changed three months ago when I was given the chance 6．________(test) a new robotic hand．7．________(equip) with the new hand, I can hold on to small objects like pens and pencils．More amazingly, my robotic hand is capable of sensing varying 8．________(degree) of pressure, just like a real hand．In addition, it looks very lifelike with special rubber used on the outside． I have rediscovered my hobbies I 9．________(enjoy) before I lost my hand．For example, I have been cooking for my family again since I got my new hand．Not only can I do more, 10．________ I have also restored my confidence and become outgoing again．I'm so grateful for all the new possibilities my robotic hand has opened up． Step 1．单句写作(利用本单元知识补全所给英文句子) ①外向的人能够轻松地与他人建立联系，因此，往往受到各行业的追捧。 __________________ in various industries due to their ability to easily connect with others． ②在某些情况下，雇用合同可能会限制他们的自然流动，造成干扰和焦虑。 In some cases, their contracts of employment may ________________， ________________． ③有必要调整合同条款，以恢复他们的信心和幸福感。 It is necessary __________________ in order to ________________ and sense of well­being． ④双方都应该全力以赴去创造一个和谐的工作环境。 Both parties should ________________________ a harmonious working environment． ⑤最终目标是取得平衡，确保个人和公司都能成功。 ________________________ and ensure the success of both the individual and the company． Step 2．衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇) ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ Step 1．储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描述的词汇) 用于情感描写的词汇 用于动作描写的词汇 without doubt, outgoing, grateful, disturb，disabled, disability, anxiety affect, pace, arise, wrestle with, abuse Step 2．尝试练笔(完成下面的续写片段并背诵) 汤姆曾是个外向活泼的男孩，但由于滥用药物而残疾了。毫无疑问，这次事故可能引发的问题使他的父母感到不安。每当看到儿子情绪消极时，他们就会焦虑地在房间里走来走去。他们担心儿子会失去生活的勇气。但出乎意料的是，汤姆受到一个励志故事的影响，现在已经接受了自己的残疾，并满怀信心地期待着未来。他决定成为一名医生，希望尽可能多地帮助残疾人。他的父母坚信，他会努力克服所遇到的任何困难。他们期待着他梦想成真的那一天。 Tom ___________ but he ________________________．___________， possible problems ________________ disturbed his parents．Whenever they saw their son was in a negative mood, they would ________________．They were afraid that their son would ________________．But out of expectation, Tom, ________________， has now accepted his disability and ________________．He has decided to be a doctor, _____________ to as many disabled people as possible．His parents firmly believe that ________________ he will encounter．They're expecting the day when ___________． 1/15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 选择性必修第二册　UNIT 3　Fit for life 语基自主检测·目标确立 核心单词 1．contract　2．delete　3．restore　4．arise　5．debate　6．withdraw　7．fuel　8．tackle　9．switch　10．abuse 语境运用 1．to fuel　2．restored　3．had switched　4．debating　5．contracting　6．are abused　7．arose　8．to withdraw　9．deleted 派生单词 1．affection　2．identification　3．evident；evidently　4．resistance；resistant　5．disability　6．disturbing；disturbed；disturbance　7．examination　8．alcoholic　9．infection；infectious 语境运用 1．affection；affected　2．identification；identified　3．evidently；evidence　4．resist；resistant；resistance　5．disturbing；disturbance；disturb　6．alcoholic；alcohol　7．infectious；infection 高频短语 1．relate to　2．prohibit sb from doing sth　3．wrestle with　4．put sth in place　5．without doubt　6．go to great lengths to do sth　7．date back to　8．to one's advantage　9．withdraw into oneself 语境运用 1．put in place　2．dates back to　3．relate to　4．without doubt　5．wrestle with　6．go to great lengths to 写作佳句背诵 1．As the days passed　2．smiling at me 考点归纳探究·精准讲练 1．①to　②related　③relating/related [完美写作]①people related/relating to it　②people in relation to it 2．①have been tried　②of　③by [完美写作]By no means is punishment a wise choice 3．①pacing　②their　③at [完美写作]proceed at a measured pace 4．①are restricted　②having　③to [完美写作]restricted 5．①keeping　②are prohibited　③on/against [完美写作]prohibition against/on feeding；prohibited from feeding 6．①to be equipped　②with　③equipment [完美写作]equipped me with the passion, skills and confidence 7．①living　②to　③Adjusting [完美写作]before his eyes gradually adjusted to the darkness 8．①to　②dates [完美写作]some dating back to ten thousand years ago 三层强基固本·达标训练 层级一 Ⅰ．1．to deal　2．relation　3．taking　4．themselves　5．equipment　6．pacing　7．dating　8．related Ⅱ．1．from　2．to　3．by　4．with　5．to 层级二 Ⅰ．1．needed　2．to catch　3．serving　4．blocks　5．uncertainty　6．linked Ⅱ．1．to　2．what　3．when　4．to　5．in　6．it 层级三 Ⅰ．1．A　2．A　3．C Ⅱ．1．化繁为简：目的 尝试翻译：它们也同样可以精确地检查铁路线和铁路基础设施的其他重要方面，如铁路轨道和转接点的正确位置。 2．化繁为简：倒装；定语 尝试翻译：果汁、牛奶饮料和大多数酒类饮品都免除了这种税，每年生产量不足100万升的小公司也同样免税。 三维提能培优·进阶训练 维度一 1．ultimately　2．which　3．thinking　4．with　5．anxiety　6．to test　7．Equipped　8．degrees　9．had enjoyed　10．but 维度二 Step 1． ①Outgoing individuals are often sought after　②restrict their natural flow；causing disturbance and anxiety　③to adjust the terms of the contract；restore their confidence　④go to great lengths to create　⑤The ultimate goal is to achieve a balance Step 2． Outgoing individuals are often sought after in various industries due to their ability to easily connect with others．However, in some cases, their contracts of employment may restrict their natural flow, causing disturbance and anxiety．Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the terms of the contract in order to restore their confidence and sense of well-being．Both parties should go to great lengths to create a harmonious working environment．The ultimate goal is to achieve a balance and ensure the success of both the individual and the company． 维度三 Step 2． used to be an outgoing boy；became disabled on account of drug abuse；Without doubt；arising from this accident；pace up and down their room with anxiety；lose the courage to live；affected by an inspiring story；is looking forward to the future；hoping to offer help；he will wrestle with any challenges；his dream comes true 1/88 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 课时分层作业(三十一) Ⅰ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几处现代废墟，人们可以探索这些废弃的人造建筑，了解一些被遗忘的故事。 1．B　[细节理解题。根据Game of Thrones' End KUPARI, CROATIA部分中的“Six miles east of Dubrovnik, one of the main filming locations of the hit series Game of Thrones' King's Landing, is a bay of abandoned hotels that witnessed Croatia's real power play．”可知，KUPARI是热门剧集《权力的游戏》里君临城的主要拍摄地之一，因此电视剧迷们可能会喜欢这个地方。故选B。] 2．D　[细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段中的“... were abandoned because of little local interest and lack of planning when the $15 billion grand building was being erected．”可知，这个曾经的奥林匹克体育馆因为缺乏规划而导致被废弃。故选D。] 3．D　[细节理解题。根据最后一段的内容可知，Paronella公园保留了其原始的自然之美。故选D。] 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。文章主要说明整容手术和其他美容手术受欢迎的原因，并论述了外在美会褪色而内在美才是永恒的这一观点。 4．B　[词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“Plastic surgery and other cosmetic procedures are becoming more and more accessible and affordable．”可知，整容手术和美容手术可以改变样貌。故此处指有很多方式可以控制自己的样貌。manage意为“管理；控制”，与画线词意思相近。故选B项。] 5．C　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“far too many people are struggling with self-image issues not because there is something wrong with them，but because they are convinced that they need to look a certain way to be accepted by society”可知，现在很多人整容是为了能被社会所接受，即适应社会。故选C项。] 6．A　[细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Instead of spending money on looking like someone else, spend time becoming the best version of yourself，because outer beauty fades，but the beauty within is timeless．”可知，作者认为外在美会褪色，但内在美是永恒的。故选A项。] 7．D　[推理判断题。根据第五段中的“As noted by the book A Conscious Rethink，when asked about what traits they look for in a potential long-term partner，most people name things that have nothing to do with physical appearance．”可知，这本书说明了人们寻找伴侣时注重对方的什么特质，故其可能包含人际关系的话题。故选D项。] 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。薇薇安·迈尔在芝加哥给富人当了几十年保姆。在此期间，她拍摄了十万多张照片，这些照片展示了二十世纪中期芝加哥的样子，具有艺术和历史价值，但她的名字却鲜为人知。一个偶然的机会，历史学家约翰·马鲁夫发现了薇薇安的作品，并试图找到她。但直到她去世后，薇薇安才声名鹊起。 8．C　[推理判断题。根据第一段中的“But she remained unknown for much of her life”可知，她生前基本上鲜为人知；根据第四段中的“She kept to herself... a camera．”可知，她喜欢独处，空闲时便用相机拍照。据此可推知，她是一个神秘的人。] 9．D　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“During her days off... scenes in Chicago”可知，她在休息期间拍摄了许多芝加哥街头的风景照；根据第四段中的“Maier also traveled... of her photos．”可知，从她拍摄的照片中可知，她还曾环游世界。据此可知，她拍摄了芝加哥和其他城市的照片。] 10．A　[推理判断题。根据第四段中的“While Maloof researched... with a camera．”可知，当马鲁夫研究薇薇安·迈尔的作品时，更多的细节浮出水面；她的雇主说，她喜欢独处，在空闲的日子里，她会在芝加哥的街道上用相机拍照。据此可推知，马鲁夫在发现薇薇安拍摄的照片后找到了她之前的雇主。] 11．D　[推理判断题。根据第三段中的“He was looking... had ever seen．”可知，她拍摄的照片展示了二十世纪中期芝加哥的样子，这些照片是唤起回忆的艺术。再结合尾段内容可知，她拍摄的照片具有艺术价值和历史价值。] Ⅱ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。近年来，作者努力做到称赞他人，尤其是女性。作为女性，她不愿意让女性习惯于保持沉默、拒绝赞扬，她鼓励女性坦然地接受赞扬。 1．C　[此处考查常识。根据语境和常识可知，听到有人大声呼叫女士的时候，停车场里的这位唯一的女士应该会四处张望，确认声音来源。] 2．B　[根据下文中的“when she found I was a stranger”并结合常识可以推测，面对陌生人的赞扬人们难免会感到惊讶。] 3．A　[空处呼应上文中的“I called out”，故called back符合语境。] 4．A　[根据上文中的“then she smiled”可知，赞扬让这位女士很开心，再结合常识可以推断，这位女士挺起肩膀，迈向汽车的脚步轻盈了很多，故选A项。] 5．D　[参见上题解析。] 6．B　[此处考查逻辑推断。根据空前的“Instead of”可知，前后句之间形成了相反的情况，再结合空后的“I say it out loud”可知，作者没有选择在心里默默地想，而是大声地说了出来。] 7．B　[此处考查词汇复现。根据下文中的“the cheerleader jumps up and down and throws her pompons”可知，此处指的是作者的脑海里似乎有一个“啦啦队队员”。] 8．C　[根据空后的“the cheerleader jumps up and down and throws her pompons in the air”可知，那个人是一个值得赞美之词的人。] 9．D　[此处考查常识。结合语境和常识可知，作为女性，我们从我们的榜样那里学到的是要保持安静。] 10．A　[根据语境和常识可知，即使是女性因自己的成就偶尔收到赞扬的时候，女性也一般会对自己的成就轻描淡写。] 11．D　[此处考查词汇复现。这里是对前一句中“what we've accomplished”的名词化表述，故achievements符合语境。] 12．A　[结合空前的“we downplay our own ”可以推测，面对赞扬的时候，社会期待女性能够保持谦逊。] 13．A　[根据空后的“I say to her，‘Just say thank you．’”可知，当别人开始拒绝的时候，作者会鼓励对方接受并致谢。] 14．B　[结合语境可知，空处与上文中的“denial”形成对比，故accept符合语境，且本空呼应下文中的“It's a good beginning to accept the praise”。] 15．C　[结合语境和整篇文章可知，作者认为不带负罪感地(坦然地)接受别人的赞扬是一个好的开始。] Ⅲ．【参考范文】 How English Can Help Me in My Future Life English, as we all know, is a widely used language that connects people all over the world．Mastering the universal language can definitely open up more possibilities in the future． As for me, I intend to become a doctor, and English can help me exchange ideas with foreign experts．We can make progress together in a challenging field．Moreover, English will serve as a window to the world, allowing me to gain a global view towards life, understand people from different cultures and make more friends． In a word, if knowledge enriches the mind, then English adds wings． 4/4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 课时分层作业(三十一) 选择性必修第二册　UNIT 3　Fit for life Ⅰ．阅读理解 A 篇(限时6分钟) (2024·宁波市十校联考) Treasure Hunt Through Modern-Day Ruins Urban exploration of abandoned man-made structures became popular in the 1990s when modern society was fast forwarding into the next century．Left behind were relics of human civilization．Far away from modernization, rusted in air, tangled in weeds and vines, ruins tell forgotten tales and sometimes become history in and of themselves． Punch Buggy Scrapyard MOAB, UTAH Vintage car lovers won't want to miss this huge car disposal yard, the impressive open-air TomTom's Volkswagen graveyard—a father-and-son cooperation begun in 1961 with eight cars．From buses to Beetles to Karmann Ghias to Squarebacks, hundreds of cars, car windows, doors and tires form a rainbow colored fleet contrasting with the dry yellow ground． Game of Thrones' End KUPARI, CROATIA Six miles east of Dubrovnik, one of the main filming locations of the hit series Game of Thrones' King's Landing, is a bay of abandoned hotels that witnessed Croatia's real power play．It was once a seaside resort for the military elite before the Yugoslav army destroyed it during the Croatian War in the 1990s．What exists today at the complex of former glory are overgrown weeds, graffiti and rusty remains． Once Upon a Gold ATHENS Stadiums that once housed tears and sweat, cheers and boos during the 2004 Olympic Games are now left for weeds．The beach volleyball arena, aquatics center and other venues were abandoned because of little local interest and lack of planning when the $15 billion grand building was being erected． Twining Romance QUEENSLAND, AUSTRALIA Nearly a century ago, Spanish sugarcane cutter José Paronella wanted to build a castle in the rainforest for his wife．The resulting wonderland—Paronella Park—with vines twining on stone pillars and moss peeping out from cracks has been open to the public since 1935．Its current owners are dedicated to “maintaining and preserving” the primitive beauty of this renowned carbon neutral tourist attraction with 7，500 flora and fauna (动植物)． 1．Which place might interest a fan of TV series? A．MOAB．　　　　 B．KUPARI． C．ATHENS． D．QUEENSLAND． 2．What caused the Olympic stadiums to be abandoned? A．Lack of public awareness． B．Overgrown weeds． C．High construction cost． D．Insufficient planning． 3．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A．Punch Buggy Scrapyard started with eighty different cars． B．Competitions are still held in the venues of the 2004 Olympic Games． C．Game of Thrones' End is a glorious theatre where plays were performed． D．Paronella Park is preserved to present its original and natural beauty． B 篇(限时7分钟) (2024·江西省重点中学协作体联考)There are over 7 billion people in this world, with more than 7 billion different opinions about outer beauty．What you may find physically attractive can be an absolute eyesore to someone else and vice versa．And this is truly magical because it implies that regardless of a person's physical features, there is always going to be someone out there who finds them appealing． Nowadays there are many ways you can manipulate the way you look．Plastic surgery (整容手术) and other cosmetic procedures are becoming more and more accessible and affordable．This is absolutely incredible for people who really need body changes to improve their mental health． Sadly, with social media being a massive part of our lives, far too many people are struggling with self-image issues not because there is something wrong with them, but because they are convinced that they need to look a certain way to be accepted by society．So they delve into (探究) the world of plastic surgery, and they slowly lose their identities in order to fit in． In reality, what we should be encouraging is not altering our bodies but remodeling our mindset．We should become more aware of the way we treat others and ourselves．We should be inspired to learn more languages so we can dive into different cultures and expand our limits．Instead of spending money on looking like someone else, spend time becoming the best version of yourself, because outer beauty fades, but the beauty within is timeless． As noted by the book A Conscious Rethink, when asked about what traits (特性) they look for in a potential long-term partner, most people name things that have nothing to do with physical appearance．Some of the features we seek the most are kindness, loyalty, patience, integrity, a good sense of humor, and a supportive nature． All of these traits can be found in anyone, regardless of the outer beauty they possess．More importantly, these are personality characteristics we seek in those we see as our potential life partners, meaning that we value them more than we value a pretty face． 4．What does the underlined word “manipulate” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Check．　　 B．Manage． C．Maintain． D．Appreciate． 5．Why are many people seeking plastic surgery nowadays according to the text? A．To improve their mental health． B．To indicate their identities． C．To adapt to society． D．To cover their physical disability． 6．What's one feature of inner beauty according to the author? A．It's permanent． B．It can be measured． C．It's a natural-born thing． D．It varies from culture to culture． 7．Which topic does A Conscious Rethink probably cover? A．Adventure． B．Healthcare． C．Entertainment． D．Relationship． C 篇(限时7分钟) (2024·武汉市武昌区质检)Throughout history，many of the world's greatest artists never achieved tremendous fame until after their death．That's the case of Vivian Maier，who's now considered to be one of the most important American street photographers of the last century，alongside famous names like Diane Arbus and Henri Cartier-Bresson．But she remained unknown for much of her life, and it was only a chance encounter with a box of negatives that put her in the spotlight． Details of her life are unclear，but she was born in New York City to European parents in the 1920s．Maier grew up in France before returning to the U．S．，where she spent several decades working as a nanny to wealthy families in Chicago．During her days off, Maier is thought to have taken more than 100，000 photographs of people and city scenes in Chicago, yet she kept the photos to herself—many of them were never developed． In 2007, a Chicago historian and collector, John Maloof, came across Maier's work by accident after purchasing a box of tens of thousands of undeveloped negatives for $380 at auction(拍卖)．As he developed them, Maloof realized they were more than just photos．He was looking at evocative(唤起回忆的)art illustrating the Chicago of the mid-20th century that nobody had ever seen．Maloof worked to uncover who the photographer was，acquiring more and more of her work．But before he could locate her, Maier had already passed away in 2009, having slipped on ice and never recovering from her head injury． While Maloof researched Maier's work，more details emerged．She kept to herself，her employers said，and she would spend her free days taking photos on the streets of Chicago with a camera．According to Maloof, the children Maier took care of knew she was constantly taking photos, yet she never showed her photos to anyone．Maier also traveled around the world，as indicated by some of her photos． Other collectors began to acquire Maier's photos，but Maloof owns a lot of her work．He released a book, Vivian Maier：Street Photographer，in 2011，and his documentary，Finding Vivian Maier, came out in 2013． 8．Which word can be used to describe Vivian's life? A．Risky．　 B．Wealthy． C．Mysterious． D．Miserable． 9．What do we know about Vivian Maier? A．She was born in France． B．She never developed her photos． C．She enjoyed great fame in her life． D．She took photos of Chicago and other cities． 10．What did Maloof do after he found Maier's photos? A．He approached Maier's former employers． B．He managed to meet the artist in the flesh． C．He released a collection of Maier's work． D．He purchased more developed negatives． 11．What can be inferred about Vivian Maier's photos? A．They were presented to her employers． B．They were meant to earn her a fortune． C．They were taken by a professional artist． D．They were of artistic and historical value． Ⅱ．完形填空(限时12分钟) (2024·济南市名校联考)Opening my car window，I called out，“Ma'am！Ma'am！”The only lady in the parking lot 1 until she saw me．“How nice you look today！” I said． Her face registered 2 for a second when she found I was a stranger，and then she smiled．“Thank you！” she 3 ．I stared at her and felt her shoulder 4 a bit more, and her final steps to her car seemed 5 ． I have made it a point in recent years to compliment(赞美)people, especially women and girls．Instead of just thinking 6 in my heart that someone does a great job, I say it out loud．It's like having a(n) 7 in my head．When I see someone who 8 a kind word，the cheerleader jumps up and down and throws her pompons(塑料线球)in the air．As women，we have learned from our role models to be 9 ．Even when we do receive a(n) 10 compliment for what we've accomplished，we downplay our own 11 as the world expects us to show 12 ．Now，when I compliment a woman and she 13 the game of denial, I say to her，“Just say thank you．” Most of them are relieved they can 14 the compliment．It's a good beginning to accept the praise without feeling 15 ， isn't it？ 1．A．set out 　　　 B．got off C．looked around D．backed away 2．A．annoyance B．surprise C．disappointment D．curiosity 3．A．called back B．held out C．stepped aside D．looked up 4．A．straightened B．shook C．widened D．moved 5．A．heavier B．slower C．higher D．lighter 6．A．seriously B．silently C．regularly D．randomly 7．A．housewife B．cheerleader C．stranger D．acquaintance 8．A．requires B．acquires C．deserves D．enjoys 9．A．practical B．generous C．confident D．quiet 10．A．rare B．unwilling C．academic D．familiar 11．A．responsibility B．skills C．competitiveness D．achievements 12．A．modesty B．determination C．courage D．concern 13．A．starts B．misses C．continues D．avoids 14．A．change B．accept C．doubt D．notice 15．A．empty B．innocent C．guilty D．upset 答题栏 Ⅰ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Ⅱ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Ⅲ．应用文写作(限时13分钟) (2024·石家庄市一模)你校英文报正在举办题为“How English Can Help Me in My Future Life”的征文比赛。请你写一篇短文投稿，谈谈英语能怎样助力你的未来生活。 注意：1．写作词数应为80左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 How English Can Help Me in My Future Life ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 8/8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$