第1部分 选择性必修第2册 Unit 1 The mass media-【名师导航】2025年高考英语一轮总复习讲义（译林版）

The mass media 续写语料积累 背诵·句之美 欣赏·语之秀 1．(行为描写)(2024·东北三省联考)She jumped off the sofa and ran to me, squeezing my knees and almost tipping me over． 2．(心理描写)(2024·潮州质量检测)Hearing this, I was overwhelmed by a sense of guilt with tears of gratitude welling up in my eyes． 3．(人物描写)(2024·庄河市模拟)When my grandfather died, my 83-year-old grandmother, once full of life, slowly began to fade． (2024·诸暨诊断性考试)One Saturday afternoon, I was watching TV in the living room with my grandpa when a blinding flash of lightning flashed across the sky, followed by a deafening sound．Before I realized what had happened, a gray-white shadow rushed in through the open window and flew over my head． 核心单词 语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空) 1．________ vt．使落入险境；卡住，绊住 n．陷阱，罗网；圈套；困境，牢笼 2．________ vt．发布；释放；松开；发泄 n．释放；发行；排放，泄漏 3．________ vi．& vt．尖叫；高声喊；发出大而尖的声音 n．尖叫，尖锐刺耳的声音 4．________ vi．(狗)吠叫 vt．厉声发令 n．(狗)吠声；短促响亮的人声；树皮 5．________ vt．& vi．(使)窒息；(使)哽咽，(尤指感情激动而)说不出话来 6．________ n．税，税款 vt．对……征税，使纳税 7．________ n．广播节目，电视节目 vi．& vt．播送，广播；散布，传播 8．________ vt．使增长，使兴旺 n．增长，提高；帮助，激励 9．________ vt．买，购买 n．购买，采购；购买的东西，购买项目 10．________ vt．赞助；主办；为慈善活动捐款；资助 n．赞助商；为慈善活动捐款的人 11．________ vt．专门制作，定做 n．裁缝 1．Should the rich be heavily ________(tax) in order to help the poor？ 2．(2023·浙江1月卷)All camp sessions are created with age­appropriate activities that ________(tailor) to the multiple ways that kids learn． 3．The concert ________(broadcast) worldwide attracted about one billion television viewers． 4．It's said that an album of his greatest hits is about ________(release)． 5．As is known to us, tourism is double­edged, ________(boost) the economy but damaging the environment． 6．Teenagers climbed dozens of flights of stairs to deliver water and food to elderly people ________(trap) in powerless high­rise buildings． 7．The computer becomes easier to operate, and less costly ________(purchase) and maintain． 8．From behind the wall rushed dozens of young women, all ________(scream) in panic． 9．The company plans ________(sponsor) television programmes as part of its marketing strategy． 派生单词 语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空) 1．construct vt．建设；修建→________ n．建筑，建造；建造物→________ adj．建设性的；积极的 2．automatic adj．自动的；无意识的，不假思索的→________ adv．无意识地；自动地 3．investigate vt．& vi．侦查，调查；研究→________ n．调查；研究 4．differ vi．相异；意见相左→________ adj．不同的→________ adv．不同地→________ n．不同之处 5．conclude vt．& vi．结束；推断出→________ n．结论，推论；结束，结果；签订，达成 6．accurate adj．正确无误的；精确的→________ adv．精确地；准确地→________ n．准确(性)；精确(程度) 7．commit vt．犯(罪)；承诺，忠于(某人)→________ adj．尽心尽力的→________ n．承诺，许诺；献身，投入；花费 8．profession n．行业，职业；同行；宣称，声明→________ adj．专业的；职业的 n．专业人员 9．advertise vt．& vi．做广告，登广告；公布，征聘；展现，宣传→________ n．广告活动，广告业→________ n．广告，启事；广告活动，广告宣传→________ n．广告商 1．He put forward some ________ suggestions on how ________ the office building, which is now under ________．(construct) 2．According to an ________ conducted by New York Times last week, 78% of the people ________ said that they shared information online because it helped them build better relationships．(investigate) 3．The learning style ________ from person to person, that is, every individual learns ________．(differ) 4．The meeting ________ without any agreement, but she came to the ________ from their remarks that they were not in favour of her plan．(conclude) 5．We have every reason to believe that her report is ________， because she attaches great importance to the ________ of details and tries her best to describe every detail ________．(accurate) 6．Over the years, Yuan Longping had been ________ to the research of hybrid rice, and all those long, hard hours of work and ________ finally bore fruit．(commit) 7．Mr Smith, who is famous in the medical ________， is paying a ________ visit to our college．(profession) 8．One ________ suggested that we put an ________ in the mainstream media if we wanted to ________ for skilled workers．(advertise) 高频短语 语境运用(选用左栏短语的适当形式填空) 1．___________ 很多，许多 2．___________ 发生 3．___________ 例如，比如 4．___________ 揭露，披露 5．___________ 总结，概括 6．___________ 致力于 7．___________ (尺寸和数量上)增加，上升 8．___________ 迅速出现，突然兴起 9．___________ 被传达，被理解，把……讲清楚 10．___________ (使)增添乐趣；使更艳丽 1．(2020·浙江7月卷)Each play has a theme or central idea which the playwright(剧作家) hopes ___________ through dialogue and action． 2．Scientists have found out some key principles operating in food webs．Most food webs, ___________， consist of many weak links rather than a few strong ones． 3．Only when we regularly ___________ the past experience and draw lessons from it can we go further． 4．Chengdu has ___________ new millionaires, Asia's biggest building, and fancy new hotels． 5．Shelly­Ann is a little woman with a big smile．She has a mental toughness that did not ___________ by chance． 6．They ordered some flowers and green plants ___________ the newly­built wards at Guy's Hospital． 7．With new channels ___________ continually, there may be some programs with poor quality． 原句结构辨识 写作佳句背诵 1．the next/last time引导时间状语从句 We absorb these marketing messages without thinking about them too much, yet they will probably have an effect on us the next time we go shopping． 下次你有传播最新消息的冲动时，最好想想你为什么想要八卦。 Better think about why you want to gossip _____________________________ to spread the latest news．(应用文之建议信) 2．not only ... but also ... Not only will this make them feel more valued and enable them to see what they are most interested in，but it will also help companies target their customers more efficiently to have a positive effect on sales． 此次赛跑不仅强健了我们的体魄，还增进了我们的友谊。 ________________________， but it also enhanced our friendship．(应用文之报道) 1．extend vi．& vt．[课本义]延伸(距离)；扩大；延长；伸展　[增补义]给予；使竭尽全力 ①Boldness－a willingness ________(extend) yourself to the extreme－is not one that can be acquired overnight． ②In poor families, meanwhile, children tend to spend their time at home or with ________(extend) family． ③(2021·天津卷)China's National Highway 318, ________(extend) over 5，000 kilometers from Shanghai to Zhangmu, Xizang, is known as the “heavenly road” for its amazing views． 一簇簇阳光洒在路上，仿佛在给予我们鼓励与祝福。 A cluster of sunshine cast over the road as if _____________________________． ◎extend to ... 延长到……；扩展到…… ◎extend by ... 延长了…… ◎extend as far as the eye can see一望无际 ◎extend sth to sb给某人提供某物 ◎extend as far as the river一直延伸到河边 ◎extend the kitchen by six feet把厨房扩大了6英尺 ◎extend the deadline for payment延长付款期限 ◎an extended lunch hour延长了的午餐时间 2．accuse vt．谴责，控诉 ①When driving home, he was stopped by a traffic policeman and accused ________ speeding． ②The shop assistant was finally dismissed because she ________(accuse) of cheating customers． ③The candidate stands ________(accuse) of breaking promises even before he's in office． 那女孩被指控在商店里偷窃，感到非常委屈，哭了起来。 ________________________， the girl felt deeply wronged and burst into tears． ◎accuse sb of (doing) sth＝charge sb with (doing) sth控告/指责某人(做)某事 ◎stand accused of ... 被指控做某事 ◎the accused被告 ◎accuse the man of murder/theft/robbery控告那人谋杀/盗窃/抢劫 ◎accuse the government of incompetence指责该政府无能 ◎accuse her of neglecting her filial duties指责她未尽孝 3．witness vt．& vi．是发生……的时间(或地点)，见证；目击；作证；是……的迹象 n．目击者，见证人；证人 ①History ________(witness) the endless productions of Shakespearean plays in every major language of the world． ②(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)However, her children have learned an important lesson ________(witness) their mother earn her degree． ③Someone broke into the bank last night and the police are now looking for witnesses ________ the robbery． (普通表达)Great changes have taken place in that country over the last decades． (高级表达)The last decades ________________________________ in that country． ◎be (a) witness to sth目击或看见某事发生 ◎witness sth/that ... 目击…… ◎witness to (doing/having done) sth证实或证明(做了)某事 ◎witnesses to the plane crash空难的目击者 ◎witness many political changes经历多次政治的变动 ◎witness to seeing the man enter the room证明见过那人进入了房间 4．persuade vt．说服；使信服 ①(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)I do know how upset the shop staff can get, but I try to persuade them ________(keep) smiling． ②I allowed myself to be persuaded ________ entering the contest, in which I came first unexpectedly． ③While shopping, people sometimes can't help ________(persuade) to buy something they don't really need． 你很难想象我能说服一个这么固执的老人改变主意！ You could hardly imagine I managed to _____________________________！ ◎persuade sb to do sth＝persuade sb into doing sth说服某人做某事 ◎persuade sb not to do sth＝persuade sb out of doing sth说服某人不做某事 ◎persuade sb of sth说服某人相信某事 ◎persuade sb that ... 说服某人相信…… ◎persuasion n．说服，劝说 ◎be easily persuaded to take the job轻易被说服接受了这份工作 ◎try to persuade her into entering the competition试图说服她参加比赛 ◎persuade me of his innocence使我相信他的无辜 5．absorb vt．理解，掌握；吸收；吸引全部注意力 ①(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)Adults are portrayed alone in many settings and poses－________(absorb) in a volume, deep in thought or lost in a moment of leisure． ②The young police officer stood still at the corner, ________(absorb) every detail of the street． ③But at the moment, school comes first, so I don't want to get too absorbed ________ modeling． 她全神贯注地绘画，没有注意到夜幕的降临。 ___________， she didn't notice evening approaching． ◎absorb sth吸收某物 ◎absorb ... into ... 把……吸收进…… ◎absorb oneself in ... 专心于；全神贯注于 ◎absorbed adj．全神贯注的 ◎be absorbed in ... 全神贯注于…… ◎absorb light and heat吸收光和热 ◎absorb the children's attention吸引孩子们的注意力 ◎absorb themselves in their research全神贯注于他们的研究 6．[教材原句]The fire has also left dozens of people injured, 5 of whom are in a critical condition．火灾还造成数十人受伤，其中五人伤势严重。 ①(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷改)Working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo's students, many of ________ have emotional control issues． ②Before the Civil War, schools operated on one of two calendars, ________ which neither included a summer vacation． ③Such poets as Shakespeare are widely read, of ________ works, however, some are very difficult to understand． 数十人在事故中丧生，其中一些是6岁以下的儿童。 ①Dozens of people got killed in the accident, _____________________________．(使用定语从句) ②Dozens of people got killed in the accident, __________________．(使用独立主格结构) 教材原句中的5 of whom are in a critical condition是一个非限制性定语从句。在非限制性定语从句中，常可用含有关系代词which/whom的短语作引导词，如some of which/whom、many of which/whom、both of which/whom、neither of which/whom、either of which/whom、30% of which/whom等，有时还可把of which/whom置于some、many、both等词前。 Boats were crammed with hot and angry holidaymakers, some of whom had waited for up to two days to cross．船上满是情绪激动、怒气冲冲的度假者，有些人等船渡河已经等了两天了。 7．[教材原句]The past decades have witnessed the rapid development of online news media．过去数十年见证了网络新闻媒体的快速发展。 ①The turnover(营业额) of e­commerce ________(see) a substantial gain from approximately $800 billion in 2011 to $2，500 billion in 2014． ②The 25­year period ________(witness) a fall in the consumption of beef and lamb to approximately 100 grams and 55 grams per person per week respectively． ③The last three decades ________(see) steady growth in East Asia, making the region the most dynamic and fastest growing in the world． 第六天，他来到了家乡，只停留了一晚，便匆忙返回工作岗位。 _________________________， where he stayed for only one night before he hurried back to work． see、witness的主语有时可以是表示“时间、地点或某事物”的名词或名词短语，这是一种拟人的修饰手法，此时see、witness意为“见证；发生”，虽然是物作主语，但see、witness却要用主动语态。 That year saw the first Festival with Lord Harewood as director, and the featured composer was Schoenberg．那一年是第一个由哈伍德勋爵担任导演的音乐节，著名作曲家是勋伯格。 8．[教材原句]The more we like the brand ambassador, the more we will be attracted to buy the product．我们越喜欢这位品牌大使，就越会受其吸引而去购买相关产品。 ①(2021·全国甲卷)And the more we look, the more we ________(see) that social factors like gender, race, and class do not determine the appearance of genius． ②The air can absorb more water vapour, ________ higher its temperature． ③(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the ________ (hot) the spring! 这事她越想越害怕，手掌冒汗，心跳加速。 _____________________________， her palms sweating and her heart pounding wildly． the more ... , the more ... 是固定句式，意为“越……越……”，其中前一分句是条件状语从句，后一分句是主句。前一分句中不可使用将来时态，常用一般现在时代替将来时。此句式中通常用倒装语序，但如果把从句放在主句之后，则主句中不用倒装语序。 The more fat you take in before bedtime, the greater burden you will put on your body at night．睡前摄入的脂肪越多，晚上给身体带来的负担就越大。 Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空 1．Go around the hall, and you'll find other exhibits equally ________(absorb)． 2．The courses are based on a weekly two­hour class, ________(extend) over a period of 25 weeks． 3．The ________(long) a borrowed word has been in use, the more it sounds and even looks like the native language． 4．Italy, which has a much weaker tradition of immigration, ________(witness) a sharp increase in immigration in recent years． 5．She began to host “Big Bosses” lunches, where she would try to persuade local business leaders ________(contribute) to the cause． 6．The company, ________(accuse) of using misleading advertising in its promotion of weight­loss pills, will face huge fines and penalties． 7．Many companies set prices low, hoping that once they had tempted customers through the door they would be persuaded ________(order) more expensive items． 8．Xiaoshu, meaning minor heat, ________(witness) the absence of cold wind in most parts of China．At this time, winds usually blow across the land accompanied by heat waves． Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词 1．Witnesses ________ the crash say they saw an explosion just before the disaster． 2．Jane kept moving, but ________ farther she walked, the more confused she became． 3．The cream that is easily absorbed ________ the skin is appealing to most of women． 4．Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears, none of ________ has been proved． 5．Technology giants, such as Google, are accused ________ turning a blind eye to online violence． Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空 1．The fire, which is thought ________(start) from the 8th floor, spread quickly through the tower block． 2．A terrible fire broke out on Sunday night, leaving the Henderson Tower seriously ________(damage)． 3．Therefore, checking different sources enables us to draw a more ________(inform) conclusion． 4．People can read the same content online as ________(print) in the newspapers every day． 5．In addition to making people aware of a product or service, a successful advertisement will also create a desire to buy, thus ________(boost) business． Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词 1．Fears grew ________ the number of deaths could reach 5, according to the figures released by emergency services． 2．I was about to have a bath ________ I heard people screaming and dogs barking． 3．The first news report pays more attention to the rescue efforts, ________ the second talks more about deaths and injuries． 4．________ the chart shows, technology has transformed the way people get news during the past years． 5．The history of advertising has always been closely linked with ________ of the mass media． Ⅰ．熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思) 1．(2021·浙江1月卷) And for parents there are lost opportunities to walk and talk with their young scholar about their day． ________ A．学者 B．大学奖学金获得者 C．学生 2．(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)In fact, most people only absorb about 20 percent of a speaker's message． ________ A．同化　　　　B．理解　　　　C．使沉迷 3．(2020·天津卷)Perhaps you'd like to learn a language or improve your English．The library may sponsor a language group you could join． ________ A．促成 B．提交 C．捐款 Ⅱ．长难语句(分析句子的结构并翻译成汉语) 1．(2022·浙江1月卷)To frame his story, Klein creates the character of Ned, a fictional witness to the progress brought about by the steam and electric revolutions in America during one man's lifetime． 本句是一个简单句，可简化为：To frame his story, Klein creates the character of Ned, a fictional witness to the progress ... 。句中不定式短语To frame his story作________状语，a fictional witness to the progress作the character of Ned 的________，其中 brought about ... in America是动词­ed形式短语作后置________，修饰 the progress。 [尝试翻译]　________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 2．(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)For example, one participant's experience of “We sat and listened to the waves at the beach for a while” was assigned the categories “sitting at beach” and “listening to waves”． 本句是一个简单句，可简化为： ... one participant's experience ... was assigned the categories ... 。句中的of “We sat and listened to the waves at the beach for a while”是介词短语作________，修饰experience。后面的the categories是谓语动词was assigned的直接________，“sitting at beach” and “listening to waves”是categories的________。 [尝试翻译]　________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ Simon is a journalist by profession．He has been committed to journalism ever since his 1．________(graduate)．Dozens of accurate news reports written by him have been broadcast on television, all of 2．________ are based on factual investigations and his great discrimination． For instance, one day a big fire broke out in a housing estate．Simon hurried to the scene, where he found the whole community had been left in a mess, residents 3．________(scream) and dogs barking．Ambulances and firefighters had also arrived, but the road was crowded with 4．________(curiosity) citizens．Therefore, the top priority was to persuade them to give way 5．________ the doctors and firefighters．With Simon's assistance, the firefighters finally approached the burning building and rescued the 6．________(trap) people． While the doctors were busy treating the injured, Simon began to investigate the cause of the fire．However, the 7．________(witness) gave contradictory explanations．One of them said it was a cigarette end that lit the carpet on the 8．________(nine) floor, and the other claimed that the aging of the wires was 9．________(blame)．To avoid a false report, Simon decided to further look into the incident, and it didn't take long before the truth 10．________(bring) to light．The scoop was released on TV in time and received very high ratings． Step 1．单句写作(利用本单元知识补全所给英文句子) ①上周六见证了一场非凡的越野赛跑，该比赛由当地的一家公司赞助。 ________________ an extraordinary cross­country race, ________________． ②我们学校也派出了数十名学生参加了这项比赛。 Our school also __________________ to participate in this event． ③虽然道路崎岖狭窄，但并没有阻止参赛者全力以赴完成比赛。 The road was rough and narrow, but it didn't prevent the participants from fully _________________________． ④当有人中途想停下来时，他们的同学会上前来给予鼓励，说服他们继续前行。 When someone felt the urge to stop halfway, their fellow classmates would step in and offer words of encouragement, __________________________________________ _______________________________． ⑤这个活动受到了高度赞扬，它不仅帮助我们释放了压力，还增强了我们的信心和毅力。 This activity was highly praised．It not only helped _________ but also ____________________________________________________________________． Step 2．衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇) ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 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____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ Step 1．储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描述的词汇) 用于人物、环境描写的词汇 用于动作描写的词汇 journalist, curiosity, citizen, committed, housing estate, ambulance, memorable scream，broadcast，bark, witness Step 2．尝试练笔(完成下面的续写片段并背诵) 在一个雨夜，布鲁斯医生下班回家。当走近一处住宅区时，他听到一只狗在吠叫。然后他好像听到有人在尖叫。出于好奇，他环顾四周，看到一个男子躺在地上。很快，他就意识到这名男子心脏病发作了。他迅速对他进行了急救，然后叫来一辆救护车，把男子送往了医院。这对他来说是一个难忘的夜晚。第二天，布鲁斯医生惊讶地发现这件事在电视上播出了。一位市民告诉他，他救下的那个人是一名很敬业的记者。 ___________， Dr Bruce was on his way back home from work．As _____________， he ___________．Then, he ________________．___________， he looked around and ________________．Soon, he was aware that the man was suffering a heart attack．He quickly gave him first aid and then ___________ which took the man to hospital．________________ for him．The next day, Dr Bruce was surprised to find that ________________．___________ that the man he had saved was ___________． 1/16 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 选择性必修第二册　UNIT 1　The mass media 语基自主检测·目标确立 核心单词 1．trap　2．release　3．scream　4．bark　5．choke　6．tax　7．broadcast　8．boost　9．purchase　10．sponsor　11．tailor 语境运用 1．taxed　2．are tailored　3．broadcast/broadcasted　4．to be released　5．boosting　6．trapped　7．to purchase　8．screaming　9．to sponsor 派生单词 1．construction；constructive　2．automatically　3．investigation　4．different；differently；difference　5．conclusion　6．accurately；accuracy　7．committed；commitment　8．professional　9．advertising；advertisement；advertiser 语境运用 1．constructive；to construct；construction　2．investigation；investigated　3．differs；differently　4．concluded；conclusion　5．accurate；accuracy；accurately　6．committed；commitment　7．profession；professional　8．advertiser；advertisement；advertise 高频短语 1．dozens of　2．come about　3．for instance　4．bring sth to light　5．sum up　6．be committed to　7．mount up　8．spring up　9．get across　10．brighten up 语境运用 1．to get across　2．for instance　3．sum up　4．dozens of　5．come about　6．to brighten up　7．springing up 写作佳句背诵 1．the next time you feel the urge　2．Not only did the race build up our strength 考点归纳探究·精准讲练 1．①to extend　②extended　③extending [完美写作]extending its encouragement and blessing to us 2．①of　②was accused　③accused [完美写作]Accused of stealing from the shop 3．①has witnessed　②witnessing　③to [完美写作]have witnessed great changes 4．①to keep　②into　③being persuaded [完美写作]persuade such a stubborn old man to change his mind 5．①absorbed　②absorbing　③in [完美写作]Totally absorbed in painting 6．①whom　②of　③whose [完美写作]①some of whom/of whom some were children under 6　②some of them children under 6 7．①saw　②witnessed　③have seen [完美写作]The sixth day saw his arrival at his hometown 8．①will see　②the　③hotter [完美写作]The more she thought about it, the more scared she felt 三层强基固本·达标训练 层级一 Ⅰ．1．absorbing　2．extending　3．longer　4．has witnessed　5．to contribute　6．accused　7．to order　8．witnesses Ⅱ．1．to　2．the　3．into/by　4．which　5．of 层级二 Ⅰ．1．to have started　2．damaged　3．informed　4．is printed　5．boosting Ⅱ．1．that　2．when　3．while　4．As　5．that 层级三 Ⅰ．1．C　2．B　3．A Ⅱ．1．化繁为简：目的；同位语；定语 尝试翻译：为了构建他的故事，克莱因创造了内德这个虚构的角色，内德见证了美国蒸汽和电力革命带来的进步。 2．化繁为简：定语；宾语；同位语 尝试翻译：例如，一名参与者的“我们在海滩上坐着听了一会儿海浪”的经历被分为“坐在海滩上”和“听海浪”两类。 三维提能培优·进阶训练 维度一 1．graduation　2．which　3．screaming　4．curious　5．to　6．trapped　7．witnesses　8．ninth　9．to blame　10．was brought 维度二 Step 1． ①Last Saturday witnessed；sponsored by a local company　②assigned dozens of students　③committing themselves to completing the race　④persuading them to keep going　⑤release our pressure；boost our confidence and willpower Step 2． Last Saturday witnessed an extraordinary cross-country race, sponsored by a local company．Our school also assigned dozens of students to participate in this event．The road was rough and narrow, but it didn't prevent the participants from fully committing themselves to completing the race．When someone felt the urge to stop halfway, their fellow classmates would step in and offer words of encouragement, persuading them to keep going．This activity was highly praised because it not only helped release our pressure but also boost our confidence and willpower． 维度三 Step 2． On a rainy night；he approached a housing estate；heard a dog barking；seemed to hear someone screaming；Out of curiosity；witnessed a man lying on the ground；called in an ambulance；It was a memorable evening；the incident was broadcast on TV；One of the citizens told him；a committed journalist 1/88 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 课时分层作业(二十九) Ⅰ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了新奥尔良最受欢迎的四家早餐店。 1．B　[细节理解题。根据Two Chicks Cafe部分的“Wednesday-Sunday: 8 a．m．to 2 p．m．”可知，在星期三下午1点吃饭应该去Two Chicks Cafe这家店。故选B。] 2．A　[细节理解题。根据The Camellia Grill部分的“At The Camellia Grill, you can really enjoy the taste of the past．It is a diner-style restaurant with a local charm．”可知，The Camellia Grill的当地传统食物可能使你印象深刻。故选A。] 3．A　[文章出处题。根据文章第一段“Here are the top 4 breakfast venues in New Orleans．”可知，文章主要是介绍美食方面的内容，由此可推知，应该属于一个网站的生活栏目。故选A。] 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了全球变暖给大西洋鲑的生存带来了极大的挑战，为了给大西洋鲑提供更好的生存环境，苏格兰有关部门计划在河岸上植树。 4．B　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Each spring and summer, they return from the North Atlantic Ocean to lay eggs in Scotland's shallow rivers”可知，大西洋鲑每年春夏之际会洄游到苏格兰去产卵，故B项正确。reproduce“繁殖；生育”。] 5．D　[推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“Heat influences their health and reduces their resistance to disease．”可知，高温影响了大西洋鲑的健康，降低了它们对疾病的抵抗力，据此可推知，它们更容易得病，故D项正确。] 6．C　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Atlantic salmon evolved using river systems in Scotland... one of the least wooded countries in Europe”可知，大西洋鲑已经适应了苏格兰森林茂密的生态环境，然而现在的苏格兰却成了欧洲植被覆盖最少的国家之一，这对大西洋鲑来说是一个挑战，故C项正确。] 7．A　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中Cairns所说的话中的“tree planting is one of the most basic things we can get started with right away”可知，Cairns认为种树是我们可以立刻开始着手做的事情之一，据此可以推断，Cairns认为当务之急是种植河岸树木，故A项正确。] 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了各国科学家在探索物种濒危的原因方面所做出的努力以及各国政府为拯救濒危物种所采取的措施。 8．C　[推理判断题。通读第二段可知，第二段主要讲生态系统的变化可能导致栖息地的丧失和动物的死亡。故选C。] 9．B　[词义猜测题。通读第三段尤其是“The rising sea levels also make it harder for polar bears to swim from the cold waters to frozen packs of ice so many of them drown．”可知，上升的海平面对北极熊的生活环境产生了极大的影响。由此可推知，画线词所在句应讲的是更温暖的气温融化了北极熊生活的冰层，破坏了它们的栖息地，使它们更难找到食物。由此可推知，画线词应意为“破坏”，与B项意思相近。故选B。] 10．A　[标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了各国科学家在探索物种濒危的原因方面所做出的努力以及各国政府为拯救濒危物种所采取的措施。故选 A。] 11．A　[推理判断题。通读最后一段尤其是“There are several ways that people are trying to help endangered species recover．Ecologists study different species and try to find out more information about them and help．”可知，作者在本段举例介绍了帮助濒危物种恢复的一种举措。由此可推知，作者可能会在下一段中讨论帮助濒危物种恢复的其他方法。故选A。] Ⅱ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要从Jess的视角展现了森林火灾对其家乡的破坏和居民在火灾过后重建家园的积极态度。 1．B　[由下文内容可知，Jess是众多经历过精神痛苦和悲伤的孩子之一。suffering“痛苦”。] 2．A　[根据语境可知，Jess已经被救出来了，此处是指她回忆(recalled)森林火灾发生的情形时仍害怕。] 3．C　[根据语境可知，此处是指天空变成了血红色，余烬在我们周围飞舞。] 4．A　[根据第二段第一句的“with fear”和Jess对火灾的描述可知，她很恐惧火灾，所以这里应该将火灾与恐怖电影做比较，体现Jess对火灾的恐惧与后怕。] 5．D　[根据空后的“and... could not be broken”和语境可知，Jess和她的家人待在当地的船上，居民在这里应是寻求安全。] 6．B　[上文讲述的是身体安全，空处描述的应该是精神安全。] 7．C　[根据常识可知，火灾的后果是毁灭性的，所以此处是指Jess和她的小伙伴们计划重建他们的社区花园和养鸡的房子。] 8．B　[根据上文的“One blessing”可知，这里讲述的应该是值得庆幸的方面，即无人死亡。] 9．D　[分析句子结构，空处作houses的后置定语。结合语境可知应选burnt，表示被烧毁的房屋。] 10．A　[根据下文的“at least now she would not have to clean her bedroom anymore”可知，Jess说她“至少再也不用打扫卧室了”，也就是说，她在努力找出灾难带来的积极的方面。] 11．C　[这句话描述了她和她的朋友立即开始恢复社区花园，由此可以推断她的行为态度是相当积极的，故选actively。] 12．B　[这一段在描述Jess的积极态度，所以此处表示Jess甚至欢迎小鸡家族来新家，借此苦中作乐。] 13．C　[根据语境可知，整篇文章都在描述火灾发生的情形和后续的重建，这里是对前面内容的总结，表示“恢复正常生活还有很长的路要走”。] 14．A　[根据提示词“But”可知，空处内容与空前内容应构成转折关系，因此此处应该展现的是一种积极的态度，故选hopeful。] 15．D　[根据语境可知，此处表示Jess期待家乡重新闪耀的那一天。] Ⅲ．【参考范文】 Dear teachers and fellow students， Welcome to take part in the activity called Bring Cultural Relics to Life．In order to enrich students' school life and make us know more about our cultural relics, our school holds the activity． The activity consists of two parts．At the beginning, the headmaster will deliver a speech at the opening ceremony, making a short introduction to cultural relics．After that, some cultural relics such as artifact, paintings and so on will be displayed, from which we can have a better understanding of our history． Hopefully, you can enjoy yourselves! 4/4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 课时分层作业(二十九) 选择性必修第二册　UNIT 1　The mass media Ⅰ．阅读理解 A 篇(限时6分钟) (2024·漳州市质检)Here are the top 4 breakfast venues in New Orleans． Surrey's Cafe & Juice Bar Surrey's Cafe & Juice Bar is the oldest organic(有机的) juice bar in New Orleans．There are two locations located on historic Magazine Street．It is a trendy juice bar that serves local food items with a Latin flavor．You'll just have to try it for yourself! Opening & Closing Hours： Tuesday: Closed Wednesday: Closed Thursday-Monday: 8 a.m.to 3 p.m. Two Chicks Cafe Two Chicks Cafe was started by, you guess it, “two chicks”．Two best friends started this cafe in New Orleans with the support of their families．They worked hard to make their restaurant dream a reality．Everything in the restaurant and on the menu was handcrafted by the “two chicks”．At Two Chicks Cafe, you are family． Opening & Closing Hours： Monday: Closed Tuesday：Closed Wednesday-Sunday: 8 a.m.to 2 p.m. The Camellia Grill The Camellia Grill is a must-visit for everyone traveling in New Orleans．This diner is located in Uptown New Orleans and has been open since 1946．At The Camellia Grill, you can really enjoy the taste of the past．It is a diner-style restaurant with a local charm．All the servers are dressed in traditional uniforms to take you back to the good old days in New Orleans． Opening & Closing Hours： Monday-Thursday: 8 a.m.to 11 a.m. Friday-Saturday: 8 a.m.to 11：30 a.m. Sunday: 8 a.m.to 11 a.m. Bywater Bakery Bywater Bakery was opened by Alton Osborne and Chaya Conrad in 2017．They were newly married and wanted to make New Orleans feel like home．Alton and Chaya have created a delicious bakery that rings true to their original intent．Home really is where the food is．The bakery is located on the corner of Dauphine and Independence．They offer a rich selection of delicious breakfast items that you do not want to miss． Opening & Closing Hours： Thursday-Monday: 8 a.m.to 3 p.m. Tuesday: Closed Wednesday: Closed 1．To eat at 1 p.m.on Wednesday, where should you go? A．Surrey's Cafe & Juice Bar． B．Two Chicks Cafe． C．The Camellia Grill． D．Bywater Bakery． 2．What may The Camellia Grill impress you? A．Traditional local food． B．Old organic dishes． C．Fashionable uniforms． D．Super long business hours． 3．Which column of a website does the text belong to? A．Life．　　　　 B．Health． C．Entertainment． D．Fashion． B 篇(限时7分钟) (2024·潍坊市统考)The Atlantic salmon(鲑) of Scotland are hardy and determined animals．Each spring and summer，they return from the North Atlantic Ocean to lay eggs in Scotland's shallow rivers，leaping up waterfalls and over barriers，pushing themselves upstream in enormous efforts．Some fail, and the others succeed, but today they face yet another challenge． During the mid-1980s, there were between eight and ten million salmon swimming around Scotland's Atlantic coast；that number has now dropped sharply．There's evidence of reducing the availability of the salmon's prey(猎物)as climate change warms and acidifies the ocean．New research suggests climate change is also bearing down on rivers，which is bad news for salmon．Having adapted to life in cold water，salmon experience slow growth and population changes at high temperatures．Heat influences their health and reduces their resistance to disease． “Now salmon are struggling to deal with the rising temperatures．There are recent records of 27 ℃ in the upper reaches of the Dee catchment，”says Peter Cairns，director of an environmental charity．In 2018，Scotland recorded the lowest pole catch for salmon since records began．Evidence suggests that the degraded quality of river water worsens the impact of our changing climate．“Atlantic salmon evolved using river systems in Scotland that were once way more forested and therefore shaded．”Yet Scotland is today one of the least wooded countries in Europe，with just 3 per cent of its native woodland undamaged．Scientists have found that just 35 per cent of rivers in Scotland have enough tree cover for salmon survival． A movement to get trees back on riverbanks is gathering pace．“Broadleaf trees close to the bank can reduce the light that enters the water，”explains fisheries scientist Anthony Hawkins．A new initiative called Riverwoods—led by the Scottish Wildlife Trust and supported by Scottish Water and several other government and regulatory bodies—aims to create a network of woodlands along Scotland's riverbanks，and has already received a number of large funds．“Money is not the pressing business．River health is complex, but tree planting is one of the most basic things we can get started with right away，” says Cairns． 4．Why do Atlantic salmon make great journeys back to the rivers? A．They search for food． B．They reproduce themselves． C．The rivers are relatively cool． D．The seas are increasingly warm． 5．How do the rising temperatures in rivers affect salmon? A．They grow more quickly． B．They are more heat-resistant． C．They are less active in water． D．They are more likely to get diseases． 6．What is a challenge for salmon when they return to Scotland's rivers? A．There is a shortage of food． B．There are many fishermen． C．The ecology environment has changed． D．The river systems are unsuitable for forest growth． 7．What does Cairns really intend to tell us in the last paragraph? A．It is urgent to plant riverbank trees． B．It is too hard to restore the river health． C．There is enough money for the project． D．There are too many vital things to deal with． C 篇(限时7分钟) (2024·河北省“五个一”名校联盟摸底考试)Scientists today are concerned about the growing number of species in the world that may soon become extinct．The United Nations, along with many governments, is trying to save these endangered species．To help resolve this issue, scientists have been trying to learn why species become endangered． In the United States, loss of habitats is the main reason for species becoming endangered．As populations grow and cities or towns expand, nature is destroyed and the ecosystem is affected．Even small changes in one part of an ecosystem can have a big impact on another part of it．For example, deforestation may result in a change in ground temperature, which may kill off a certain kind of plant in the forest．Animals that eat this plant may suddenly find that there is no available food, so they starve to death． Another possible cause of endangered or extinct species is climate change and rising sea levels．As the Earth gets warmer, this has profound effects on animal and plant life everywhere．For example, rising sea levels make coastal areas unfit for birds to live in．Warmer temperatures melt the ice where polar bears live, wrecking their habitat and making it harder for them to find food．The rising sea levels also make it harder for polar bears to swim from the cold waters to frozen packs of ice, so many of them drown． There are several ways that people are trying to help endangered species recover．Ecologists study different species and try to find out more information about them and help．In Finland, for example, scientists found that a decrease in the number of bogs(沼泽) was responsible for the falling butterfly population．Once they understood this, they could manage the butterfly population and help it recover．Governments are also passing laws to protect endangered animals．One example of this is an area near Hawaii with a seriously low fish population．The United States government has made it illegal for fishing boats to enter this area． 8．What can we infer from Paragraph 2? A．Most endangered species are located in the United States． B．Cities and towns in the United States are growing too fast． C．Ecosystem change can result in habitat loss and animal death． D．More trees need to be planted to prevent animals from dying out． 9．What does the underlined word “wrecking” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Conserving．　 B．Damaging． C．Providing． D．Dominating． 10．Which is the best title for this text? A．Saving Endangered Species B．A List of Endangered Species C．The Causes of Global Warming D．How Polar Bears Became Extinct 11．What will the author probably discuss in the paragraph that follows? A．Some other ways to help endangered species recover． B．A brief discussion of polar bears and their diet habits． C．The impact of fishing laws on the development of Hawaii． D．Various opinions and debates concerning the cause of global warming． Ⅱ．完形填空(限时12分钟) (2024·济南市模拟)Jess，a 14-year-old girl，lives in Mallacoota，a small town in Australia．She is one of many children who have been through mental 1 and heartbreak in the New Year bushfires． She 2 the bushfires with fear．“I had never been so scared．The sky was turned to blood red, and the embers(余烬)were 3 all around us．It was much worse than any 4 film，” she said． Jess, along with her family, spent two terrifying days on the local boat where residents stayed for 5 ， and it was also a place where 6 could not be broken．Jess and her little companions planned to 7 their community garden and the house for chickens． One blessing for Mallacoota is that no one 8 their life during the disaster．Roads into and out of the town are beginning to reopen．Wandering alone among the houses 9 to the ground，Jess still managed to find a 10 side and said at least now she would not have to clean her bedroom anymore．In no time, she and her companions 11 started to restore the community garden and even 12 a family of chickens to the new“home”，making something bad into something good． It's a long road back to 13 life．But it is surely 14 if we have the will．As Jess said，“My beloved hometown will 15 again．” 1．A．disorder　　　　　 B．suffering C．growth D．training 2．A．recalled B．imagined C．observed D．controlled 3．A．escaping B．crowding C．flying D．running 4．A．scary B．artistic C．fancy D．silent 5．A．comfort B．peace C．treat D．safety 6．A．rules B．spirits C．habits D．promises 7．A．reserve B．design C．rebuild D．decorate 8．A．saved B．lost C．took D．changed 9．A．knocked B．blown C．exploded D．burnt 10．A．positive B．warm C．familiar D．correct 11．A．wisely B．luckily C．actively D．anxiously 12．A．returned B．welcomed C．forced D．contributed 13．A．simple B．common C．normal D．social 14．A．hopeful B．risky C．special D．tough 15．A．rest B．expand C．struggle D．shine 答题栏 Ⅰ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Ⅱ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Ⅲ．应用文写作(限时13分钟) (2024·杭州市二模)你是某国际学校学生会主席。你校准备组织一次“让文物活起来”(Bring Cultural Relics to Life)的活动，请你用英语写一篇开幕辞，欢迎参加活动的师生，内容包括： 1．表示欢迎； 2．活动目的； 3．活动内容。 注意：1．写作词数应为80左右； 2．参考词汇：手工艺品artifact。 ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 8/8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$