第1部分 必修第2册 Unit 1 Lights，camera，action！-【名师导航】2025年高考英语一轮总复习讲义（译林版）

Lights, camera, action! 续写语料积累 背诵·句之美 欣赏·语之秀 1．(心理描写)(2024·石家庄质量检测)A sense of guilt seized him and he stood there, frozen． 2．(行为描写)(2024·潍坊统一考试)We fought, debated and cried, making much noise． 3．(人物描写)(2024·威海市模拟)Everyone described him as energetic, warm-hearted and self-disciplined when he graduated． (2024·湖南高三联考)The next day, when I went to the hospital to see the boy, all his family got up, with grateful smiles on their faces．In excitement, they held my hands, with a lump in their throats．Feeling their sincere gratitude, I was overwhelmed with a rush of pride． 核心单词 语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空) 1．________ n．类型，种类 vt．& vi．打字 2．________ adv．实际上，事实上 3．________ adj．熟悉的，常见的 4．________ vt．使能够，使可行 5．________ n．， vt．& vi．帮助；援助 6．________ vt．保证，确保 7．________ vt．将……认为，看待；注视 8．________ adv．最后，终于 9．________ adj．复杂的；花哨的；昂贵的 vt．想要，想做；倾慕 10．________ adj．狭窄的；勉强的；狭隘的 vt．& vi．(使)窄小，缩小 11．________ vi．& vt．挥手，招手；挥舞 n．海浪；大量涌现 12．________ vt．& vi．回想，回忆起 1．(2021·新高考Ⅱ卷)We will also discuss the origins of felt, what ________(enable) wool fibres to become felt and how the processes we use work． 2．As I approached mile 23 in my first marathon, I could see my wife, my biggest fan, ________(wave) a sign． 3．Positive communication is helpful ________(narrow) the generation gap between parents and children． 4．The Coast Guard may also use the data ________(aid) in search and rescue activities． 5．When the police questioned them, the two people in the flat ________(recall) hearing a loud crash at about 1：30 a．m． 6．They are introducing new measures ________(ensure) the smooth running of the business． 7．(2020·天津卷)Dr Rowan, whose secretary resigned two weeks ago, has had to do all his own ________(type)． 8．In general, green ________(regard) as a symbol of life while red stands for joy and victory． 派生单词 语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空) 1．horror n．恐怖电影(或故事等)；震惊，恐惧→________ adj．可怕的；令人恐惧的 2．create vt．创造；创作；产生→________ adj．创造性的，创作的；有创造力的→________ n．创造；创建；作品→________ n．创造者，创作者；造物主 3．revise vt．改变，修改；修订；复习→________ n．修改；修订；复习 4．history n．历史→________ n．史学工作者，历史学家→________ adj．有关历史的→________ adj．有历史意义的 5．locate vt．把……安置在；确定……的位置→________ n．外景拍摄地；地方，地点 6．solve vt．解决；处理→________ n．解决方法，处理手段；答案 7．personal adj．个人的；人际的；个性的→________adv．就本人而言→________ n．性格，个性；气质 8．major adj．主要的，重要的→________ n．大部分；大多数 1．People watched in ________ as the plane crashed to the ground．The ________ sight would be a nightmare for many！(horror) 2．He is a ________ Chinese architect and many buildings on the campus of Zhejiang University are his original ________．(create) 3．He's made a few minor ________ to the draft report, and the ________ report will be submitted to the Board of Directors for discussion and approval．(revise) 4．With all company data gathered in a central ________， it's much easier ________ operational inefficiencies and correct them．(locate) 5．________ this major international problem, China has put forward a peaceful ________ that is beneficial to all parties．(solve) 6．Her ________ view is that ________ plays a decisive role in how healthy one is．________， I can't agree more．(personal) 7．The Mineral Products Association consists of the vast ________ of small and medium enterprises throughout the UK and nine ________ global companies．(major) 高频短语 语境运用(选用左栏短语的适当形式填空) 1．___________ 更不用说，且不说 2．___________ 恰当处理(某人或某事)；公平对待(某人或某事)，给予公正的评价 3．___________ 除……以外(还) 4．___________ 停车，停止 5．___________ 对……熟悉 6．___________ 认为……十分重要 7．___________ 形影不离 1．Our aim is to enable the students ___________ their new school． 2．___________ these arrangements, extra ambulances will be on duty until midnight． 3．At that time, we were cold, wet and hungry, ___________ extremely tired． 4．Your plan is excellent－it really ___________ all of the ideas we have put forward． 5．It's high time that we should ___________ environmental protection． 6．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)As we all sat there helplessly, a fisherman ___________， threw us a rope and towed us back． 原句结构辨识 写作佳句背诵 1．more ... than ... “是……而不是……” A film is－or should be－more like music than like fiction． 苏一看到这一幕，尖叫起来，声音不大，与其说是恐惧，不如说是惊讶。 At the sight of this, Sue screamed, not loudly, ____________________________________．(续写之心理描写) 2．动词­ing形式的复合结构作介词宾语 The sound of the doors opening in the Star Trek films was made simply by pulling a sheet of paper out of an envelope． 她仰面躺着，听着风吹过树林的呼啸声。 She lay on her back, listening to ____________________________________ through the trees．(续写之景物描写) 1．attach vt．认为有重要性，重视；把……固定，附上 ①(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)She's trying to come up with a label to attach ________ nutria fashions to show it is eco­friendly． ②In my view, more importance should be attached to ________(prevent) financial risks． ③Her child was ________(attach) to screens to the point where she was able to say “chocolate” into his ear without getting a response． (普通表达)Since the school thinks this event is very important, we must try our best to win the gold medal． (高级表达)Since the school _____________________________ this event, we must try our best to win the gold medal． ◎attach ... to ... 把……附在/贴在/固定在……上 ◎attach oneself to sb缠着某人 ◎attach importance/significance/value to ... 认为……重要/有意义/有价值 ◎attached adj．依恋的；附属的 ◎be attached to依恋；爱慕；附属于 ◎attach your photo to the application form把你的照片贴在申请表上 ◎attach importance to developing green economy重视发展绿色经济 ◎be attached to his family and friends热爱他的家人和朋友 2．prefer vt．较喜欢，更喜欢 ①(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)We prefer ________(describe) emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes． ②Mrs Black, a very traditional woman, prefers ________(dress) formally to wearing sports suits． ③Unlike fast­food places, fine dining shops prefer customers ________(stay) longer and spend． 作为一名护士，她宁愿直面这种病毒，也不愿逃避与它的斗争。 ①As a nurse, she __________________ the virus directly __________________ away from the fight against it．(prefer to ... rather than ... ) ②As a nurse, she __________________ the virus directly __________________ away from the fight against it．(prefer ... to ... ) ◎prefer ... to ... 喜欢……多于…… ◎prefer to do sth更喜欢做某事 ◎prefer sb to do sth更喜欢某人做某事 ◎prefer doing sth to doing sth宁愿做某事而不愿做某事 ◎prefer to do sth rather than do sth宁愿做某事而不愿做某事 ◎preference n．偏爱；喜爱 ◎have a preference for偏爱；喜爱 ◎prefer being at work to being at home喜欢工作而不愿待在家里 ◎prefer the relaxed pace of life in the country更喜爱乡间悠闲的生活节奏 ◎just a matter of personal preference只是一个个人喜好的问题 3．approach n．方法；接近，靠近 vt．接近，靠近；处理 ①(2020·新高考Ⅱ卷)Not seeing or hearing any fire engines ________(approach), Grant rushed to a side entrance and ran up the stairs． ②All the three teams adopted different approaches ________ the problem, but they were all immediate successes． ③China's approach to ________(protect) its environment while feeding its citizens offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide． (普通表达)As spring comes near, flowers are blooming and trees are turning green． (高级表达)As spring ________， flowers are blooming and trees are turning green． ◎an approach to (doing) sth(做)某事的方法/途径；……的通道/入口 ◎at the approach of在快到……的时候 ◎approach sb/sth靠近或接近某人/某物 ◎approaching/drawing near/around the corner即将来临 ◎a correct approach to the problem of global warming应对全球变暖问题的正确方法 ◎different approaches to bringing up children养育子女的不同方法 ◎with the deadline approaching随着最后期限的临近 4．award n．奖，奖品，奖金 vt．授予，给予 ①The gold medal will be awarded ________ whoever wins first place in the bicycle race． ②A 90­year­old has been ________(award) “Woman Of The Year” for being Britain's oldest full­time employee． ③(2022·全国甲卷)St David's Hall is the award ________(win) National Concert Hall of Wales standing at the very heart of Cardiff's entertainment centre． 我想象着丈夫被授予“最佳司机”，站在人群中，挥舞着双手，容光焕发，孩子们向他鼓掌欢呼。 I ____________________________________， standing in the crowd, his hands waving, his face glowing, children applauding and cheering． ◎award sb sth＝award sth to sb授予某人某物；判给某人某物 ◎be awarded sth获得/被授予……(奖或称号) ◎win/receive/get an award for sth 因某事而获奖 ◎award­winning/award winning获奖的；获得大奖的；屡获殊荣的 ◎be awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics被授予诺贝尔物理学奖 ◎be awarded the title of the world's champion荣获世界冠军称号 ◎provide an award of up to $50，000提供高达五万美元的奖励 5．adapt vt．改编，改写；使适应 vi．适应 ①(2021·北京卷)You should be able to work well in a team and adapt ________ an international working environment． ②(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)People in Ethiopian highlands have adapted to ________(live) at high altitudes． ③Most of these tools have been specially adapted ________ use by disabled people． 明白事理的人使自己适应世界；不明事理的人执着于世界适应自己。 ________________________________________； the unreasonable one persists in trying to adapt the world to himself． ◎adapt (oneself) to sth适应…… ◎adapt (oneself) to doing sth适应做某事 ◎adapt ... for ... 使……适合……；把……改编成…… ◎adapt himself to his new surroundings适应他的新环境 ◎adapt quickly to the changing climate快速适应不断变化的气候 ◎help him to adapt his novel for the screen帮助他将其所著小说改编成电影 6．cure n．药物，疗法；治疗 vt．治好 ①There was no cure at that time ________ the deadly disease, only pain relief． ②He was about to break down and even whisky could not cure him ________ his anxieties． ③(2020·江苏卷)Feb 18: The daily number of newly ________(cure) and discharged(出院) patients exceeded that of the newly confirmed cases． 帮助青少年改掉不良习惯至关重要。 ①It's vital to help _________ their bad habits．(cure) ②It's vital to help teenagers ________ their bad habits．(rid) ◎cure sb of治愈某人的……病；消除某人的……；改正某人的…… ◎a cure for治疗……的方法；解决……的措施 ◎help cure him of his reading problem帮他克服阅读障碍 ◎find an effective cure for cancer发现对付癌症的有效疗法 ◎provide a possible cure for poverty提供解决贫穷问题的可行办法 7．recommend vt．推荐，举荐；劝告，建议 ①I recommend you ________ (think) very carefully before you do anything foolish． ②He recommended that she ________(do) some research and talk to dentists about what a healthier candy would contain． ③(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)If I had to make just one ________(recommend) for where to stay in Rome, it would be Yellow Hostel． (普通表达)The doctor strongly advised/suggested limiting the amount of fat in my diet． (高级表达)The doctor strongly ________ limiting the amount of fat in my diet． ◎recommend doing sth建议做某事 ◎recommend sb to do sth建议某人做某事 ◎recommend that sb (should) do sth建议某人做某事 ◎recommend sb sth/sth to sb向某人推荐某物 ◎recommend sb as ... 推荐某人为…… ◎recommendation n．提议；推荐；介绍；推荐信 ◎recommend his taking some time off建议他应该休息一段时间 ◎recommend you to book your flight early建议你早点儿预订航班 ◎my recommended method for quickly learning English我推荐的快速学习英语的方法 8．pull up[课本义]停车，停止　[增补义]拔出，调出，拉过来，竖起；提高，改进 ①(2020·新高考Ⅱ卷)________(pull) up to the building, Grant saw flames shooting out of a second­floor window． ②(2020·江苏卷)I can, from my computer at home, pull ________ satellite images of Juan's village． ③(2020·天津卷)He pulls ________ a special device, points it at the suspect, and switches it on． 我们把车停到酒店，惊喜地发现汉普顿酒店的状况非常不错。 ________________________， pleasantly surprised at the condition of the Hampton Inn． ◎pull apart毁坏；拆散；拆卸 ◎pull down拉下，放下；捣毁，摧毁，拆除 ◎pull in(火车或公共汽车)到站，进站停靠 ◎pull on(迅速或费力地)穿上(衣物) ◎pull over(使)停靠路边 ◎pull out拔出；驶出；离开 ◎pull up at the traffic lights在红绿灯处停车 ◎pull up to the sidewalk把车停在路边 ◎pull up my collar against the cold mist竖起我的衣领抵御冷雾 9．[教材原句]The Quidditch scenes in the Harry Potter films were made in this way with the actors jumping up and down in front of a green screen．“哈利·波特”系列电影中魁地奇比赛的场景就是通过演员在绿幕前上下跳跃这种方式制作的。 ①(2022·全国乙卷)That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones ________(assist) the crews' efforts． ②(2023·浙江1月卷)________ gas prices rising and airport security lines snaking longer than ever, why not book your next domestic vacation on a train? ③(2020·全国Ⅱ卷改)His son, age 15, thought that there was something unusual about the painting with a young girl ________(sit) on a garden chair． (2021·浙江1月卷)我们都在餐桌旁忙来忙去，而妈妈在拍摄这个一年一次的活动。 All of us were hard at work at the kitchen table, ________________________． “with＋宾语＋doing/done/to do”构成with的复合结构，常在句子中用作原因或伴随状语，也可作定语。此结构中如果用动词­ing形式，则表示主动的、正在进行的动作；如果用动词­ed形式，则表示被动的、完成的动作；而如果用动词不定式，则表示将来的动作。 With so many people communicating in English, mastering English is becoming increasingly important．有那么多的人用英语交流，掌握英语变得越来越重要。 10．[教材原句]It took 500 workers 100 days to build the fine model, not to mention the thousands of props inside．为了制作这个精致的模型，500 名工人用时 100 天，更不用说内部还有成千上万的道具。 ①(2023·浙江1月卷)If it takes the train 53 seconds ________(travel) one mile, you're going 67.92 mph． ②(2023·全国乙卷改)Not so long ago, Martha Karolyi did not think Douglas had ________ it took to be an Olympian． ③(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Unfortunately, ________ took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources． 毅力是一种品质，而这正是做好任何事情所需要的。 Perseverance is a kind of quality and that's _____________________________． It takes (sb) some time to do sth或It takes some time (for sb) to do sth是固定句型，意为“(某人)做某事需要花多长时间”。另外，It takes energy/patience/practice ... to do sth也是固定句型，意为“做某事需要能量/耐心/训练等”。 It takes single­use plastic bags hundreds of years to break down．一次性塑料袋需要数百年才能分解掉。 Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空 1．At first we didn't feel we belong here, but now we ________(attach) to the land we live on． 2．(2022·浙江1月卷)It didn't take long for Merebeth ________(decide) to drive the dog there herself． 3．Eye doctors recommend that a child's first eye exam ________(take) at the age of six months old． 4．When ________(approach) the centre of the town, we saw a stone statue of about 10 metres in height． 5．Zhang Boli, ________(award) the title “The People's Hero”， has made extraordinary contributions to the fight against the deadly virus． 6．(2022·全国甲卷)Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils, instead ________(prefer) to use their hands． 7．When you come for the interview, don't forget to bring your diploma, your certificates, and the ________(recommend) letter． 8．The traditional approach to ________(deal) with complex problems is to break them down into smaller, more easily managed problems． Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词 1．At the meeting they discussed three different approaches ________ the study of mathematics． 2．(2020·江苏卷)Wilson received several international awards ________ his great contributions． 3．We will continue to attach equal importance ________ export and import, and promote balance in foreign trade． 4．So even if emissions were to begin to decrease today, we would still face the challenge of adapting ________ climate change． 5．(2023·全国甲卷)The western half of the US was full of grizzlies when Europeans came，________ a rough number of 50，000 or more living alongside Native Americans． Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空 1．Hopefully, next time you go to the cinema, you'll spare a thought for all those ________(talent) people behind the scenes． 2．Forrest Gump is a 1994 film ________(star) Tom Hanks, which tells the story of a simple man with a warm personality． 3．He even went down to the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean to see what ________(leave) of the ship for himself． 4．(2023·全国乙卷)The position enabled us ________(look) over the lake with the sunset in the background． 5．To make a film look real, great effort must sometimes be made ________(research), find and build objects． Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词 1．Whatever your answer is, there's always a lot more to it ________ first meets the eye． 2．Today, I'll give you a brief introduction ________ some aspects of film­making you might not be familiar with． 3．The Academy Awards, more popularly known ________ the Oscars, are a set of awards for artistic and technical excellence in the film industry． 4．Actually, the film you see on the screen is the product of a huge amount of hard work, most of ________ takes place behind the scenes． 5．Forrest Gump, a simple man with a warm personality, lives a truly amazing life despite ________ IQ of 75． Ⅰ．熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思) 1．(2023·全国乙卷)By winning the Olympic all­around title, she became the first black woman to do so． ________ A．标题　　　　　B．冠军　　　　C．职称 2．(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)Judges will choose up to 50 honorable mention winners, who will each receive a T­shirt in memory of Earhart's final flight． ________ A．写上一笔 B．提及 C．提名奖 3．(2020·浙江卷改)For all of Bellevue's success，adaptive signals are not a cure for jammed roadways． ________ A．措施；对策 B．药物 C．疗法 Ⅱ．长难语句(分析句子的结构并翻译成汉语) 1．(2023·全国甲卷)“There was once a town in the heart of America, where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co­existence with its surroundings，” her fable begins, borrowing some familiar words from many age­old fables． 本句是一个复合句，可简化为：“There was once a town ... , where all life seemed to enjoy ... ，” her fable begins, borrowing ... words from ... age­old fables．句中的where引导非限制性________从句，后面的borrowing ... 是动词­ing形式短语作________状语。 [尝试翻译]　________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 2．(2022·全国乙卷)It is believed that today's children and teenagers are consuming three times the recommended level of sugar, putting them at a higher risk of the disease． 本句是一个复合句，可简化为： ... today's children and teenagers are consuming three times ... sugar, putting them at a higher risk ... 。句中It为形式________，真正的________为后面的that从句，putting ... 为动词­ing形式短语作________状语。 [尝试翻译]　________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ It is typical of many young people to stay up very late, 1．________(watch) movies of some type．Men prefer to see horror or science fiction while women tend to enjoy fantasy movies or 2．________(romance) comedies．Meanwhile, they consume excessive amounts of sugary drinks, 3．________ are regarded as something that helps to keep them 4．________(refresh) throughout the night．However, due to lack of sleep, they're unable to perform well at work or school the next day．Actually, these young individuals are leading 5．________ unhealthy life．If they continue with these habits frequently, their health is most likely to collapse over time, and 6．________(eventual) they may come down with certain diseases that prove to be difficult 7．________(cure)．Unfortunately, some of these young people are still unaware of the potential consequences despite the fact that a number of them 8．________(die) of sudden heart failure．At present, doctors and health experts are calling on young people to attach importance 9．________ their physical well­being, strongly recommending that they evaluate their behaviours from all 10．________(angle) and adopt a healthier approach to living． Step 1．单句写作(利用本单元知识补全所给英文句子) ①我回想起曾因工作压力大而经历过一段时间的失眠。 I _____________________________ due to the high stress from my job． ②为了寻求解决方案，我咨询了家庭医生，他建议我尝试瑜伽(yoga)。 To seek a solution, I consulted my family doctor, ________________________． ③他向我保证说，做瑜伽练习的确有助于治疗失眠。 He assured me that __________________ sleeplessness． ④按照他的建议，我开始做瑜伽，它还真治愈了我的症状。 Following his advice, I started doing yoga and it really ____________________． ⑤我已告别失眠，希望再也不会经历它。 I ________________________， and hope to never experience it again． ⑥我每天继续进行瑜伽锻炼，把它视为一种天赐疗法。 I ________________ every day, ___________ a heavenly therapy． Step 2．衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇) ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ Step 1．储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描述的词汇) 用于动作描写的词汇 用于情感、环境描写的词汇 roar, aid, perform, wave, recall fantasy, horror, romance，ocean, location, jungle Step 2．尝试练笔(完成下面的续写片段并背诵) 与丈夫激烈争吵后，简跑走了，试图寻到一个更好的营地。不幸的是，她在四处游荡时迷路了。风呼啸着，天空开始变暗。一想到晚上独自一人在丛林里，她心中满是惊恐。就在这时，她听到头顶上直升机的嗡嗡声。她向它挥舞她的黄色上衣，但树木使人们无法从上面看到她。在等待其他援助到来时，简回忆起了与丈夫的爱情故事。她多么后悔和他吵架！如果没有离开他，她就不会被困在这样的地方。 After a fierce quarrel with her husband, Jane ran away from him, ________________．Unfortunately, ________ while wandering around．___________ and the sky began to darken．The thought of ________________ at night ________________．Just then, she heard the buzzing of a helicopter overhead．She ________________， but the trees made it impossible for people to see her from above．While ________________， Jane ________________________．How she regretted ___________！If she hadn't left him, she _____________________________． 13/16 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 必修第二册　UNIT 1　Lights, camera, action! 语基自主检测·目标确立 核心单词 1．type　2．actually　3．familiar　4．enable　5．aid　6．ensure　7．regard　8．eventually　9．fancy　10．narrow　11．wave　12．recall 语境运用 1．enables　2．waving　3．to narrow　4．to aid　5．recalled　6．to ensure　7．typing　8．is regarded 派生单词 1．horrible　2．creative；creation；creator　3．revision　4．historian；historical；historic　5．location　6．solution　7．personally；personality　8．majority 语境运用 1．horror；horrible　2．creative；creations　3．revisions；revised　4．location；to locate　5．To solve；solution　6．personal；personality；Personally　7．majority；major 高频短语 1．not to mention　2．do justice to　3．in addition to　4．pull up　5．be familiar with　6．attach great importance to　7．like peas and carrots 语境运用 1．to be familiar with　2．In addition to　3．not to mention　4．does justice to　5．attach great importance to　6．pulled up 写作佳句背诵 1．more in surprise than in terror　2．the sound of the wind whistling 考点归纳探究·精准讲练 1．①to　②preventing　③attached [完美写作]attaches great importance to 2．①describing/to describe　②dressing　③to stay [完美写作]①prefers to face；rather than keep　②prefers facing；to keeping 3．①approaching　②to　③protecting [完美写作]approaches 4．①to　②awarded　③winning [完美写作]pictured my husband being awarded “The Best Driver” 5．①to　②living　③for [完美写作]The reasonable man adapts himself to the world 6．①for　②of　③cured [完美写作]①cure teenagers of　②get rid of 7．①to think　②(should) do　③recommendation [完美写作]recommended 8．①Pulling　②up　③out [完美写作]We pulled up to the hotel 9．①assisting　②With　③sitting [完美写作]with my mom filming the annual event 10．①to travel　②what　③it [完美写作]what it takes to do anything well 三层强基固本·达标训练 层级一 Ⅰ．1．are attached　2．to decide　3．be taken　4．approaching　5．awarded　6．preferring　7．recommendation　8．dealing Ⅱ．1．to　2．for　3．to　4．to　5．with 层级二 Ⅰ．1．talented　2．starring　3．was left　4．to look　5．to research Ⅱ．1．than　2．to　3．as　4．which　5．an 层级三 Ⅰ．1．B　2．C　3．A Ⅱ．1．化繁为简：定语；伴随 尝试翻译：“美国心脏地带曾经有一个小镇，那里的所有生命似乎都与周围的环境和平相处。”她的寓言的开头是这样写的，借用了许多古老寓言中一些熟悉的表达。 2．化繁为简：主语；主语；结果 尝试翻译：人们相信，如今的儿童和青少年摄入的糖分是推荐量的三倍，这使他们患病的风险更高。 三维提能培优·进阶训练 维度一 1．watching　2．romantic　3．which　4．refreshed　5．an　6．eventually　7．to cure　8．have died　9．to　10．angles 维度二 Step 1． ①recall experiencing a period of sleeplessness　②who recommended that I try yoga　③practising yoga does help to treat　④cured me of my symptoms　⑤have waved goodbye to sleeplessness　⑥continue to perform yoga；regarding it as Step 2． I recall experiencing a period of sleeplessness due to the high stress from my job．To seek a solution, I consulted my family doctor, who recommended that I try yoga．He assured me that practising yoga does help to treat sleeplessness．Following his advice, I started doing yoga and surprisingly it really cured me of my symptoms．Now I have waved goodbye to sleeplessness, and hope to never experience it again．I still continue to perform yoga every day, regarding it as a heavenly therapy． 维度三 Step 2． trying to find a better camp；she got lost；The wind was roaring；being alone in the jungle；filled her with horror；waved her yellow blouse to it；waiting for other aid to come；recalled the romance with her husband；quarreling with him；wouldn't have been trapped in such a location 1/88 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 课时分层作业(十) 必修第二册　UNIT 1　Lights, camera, action! Ⅰ．阅读理解(限时7分钟) (2024·广州市调研测试)Pieter Bruegel's iconic 1565 painting The Harvesters hangs at the Metropolitan Museum of Art．The work showed people harvesting wheat nearly as tall as they were．“Nowadays，however，if you walk through a wheat field，you basically see that wheat is about knee-height．The reduced height is essentially a consequence of being bred (培育) along with genes for increasing production to feed a growing population，” biologist De Smet explained． De Smet says wheat is just one example of how historical artwork can allow us to track the transformation of food crops over time．He teamed up with art historian Vergauwen，a friend since childhood，to document such artwork around the world．They have been mainly looking at things where they can spot changes in shape, color and size． Their interest in plants in artwork began with a visit to the Hermitage Museum，where they noticed an odd-looking watermelon in an early-17th-century painting．It appeared to be pale and white on the inside．Biologist De Smet assumed the painter had done a poor job．But art historian Vergauwen had a different idea．“No，this is one of the best painters ever from that era．So if he painted it like that, that's the way it must have looked like，”he explained． Other paintings revealed that both red and white watermelons were grown during the 17th century．“With all the genetic knowledge we now have，we can look at how something comes about in more detail，”De Smet said．“For example，until the 18th century，European strawberries appeared tiny in paintings—they then grew in size as they were crossbred with North American varieties．” Ultimately，the team hopes to create an online research database of historical plant artwork．They seek the contributions of art enthusiasts around the world via the social media．“However，”Vergauwen reminds，“if you're going to use, for example, Picasso to try and understand how a pear looked in the early 20th century, you might be misled．” 1．What can we learn about the painting The Harvesters? A．It shows how people successfully grew wheat． B．It proves that wheat was much shorter in the past． C．It explains the consequences of different breeding methods． D．It gives clues about how wheat in the 16th century looked like． 2．What inspired the research team to start their study? A．Their preference for food crops． B．Their friendship since childhood． C．Their divided views on an old painting． D．Their shared interest in the Hermitage Museum． 3．What is the message from Vergauwen in the last paragraph? A．Art enthusiasts are not careful enough． B．Abstract paintings often mislead people． C．The source paintings need to be realistic． D．Picasso's paintings are hard to understand． 4．What is the purpose of the text? A．To comment on historical plant paintings． B．To tell interesting stories behind plant artwork． C．To inform readers of a scientific breakthrough． D．To introduce a study on food crop transformation． Ⅱ．阅读七选五(限时7分钟) (2024·青岛市调研)Surprise is the error signal our brains produce when something unexpected happens．It is a dopamine(多巴胺)trigger, producing the neurotransmitter (神经递质) that drives attention and motivation． 1 It makes us stop，notice，and learn． In his book The Power of Surprise，Rousell presents his finding from decades of his research： 2 They form our self-concept． 3 Samantha felt her shyness was a weakness，until her swim coach surprised her by naming her captain．He said，“She may be quiet, but when this girl says something, you're going to want to listen．” The surprise left her feeling quietly powerful．The change in her beliefs and behaviors was instant and lasting． Not all surprising moments are created equal．Rousell illustrates some research-backed steps to use surprise well． Spot self-criticism you'd like to help someone revise．For example，perhaps your student sees himself as a slow learner, or your employee believes he lacks creativity． 4 Maybe the student who thinks he learns slowly is also very thorough．The employee who thinks he lacks creativity is highly logical．Make your message quick and to the point．The more you delay on the topic or dress it up as flowery praise, the less surprising it will be． 5 A．Point out his weakness． B．It was essential adaptation for humans． C．Identify the opposite side of the same coin． D．Also, it will make less difference to one's mind． E．Here is an example the author shares in his book． F．To put it simply, surprise is a big deal to our brains． G．Surprise brings the experiences shaping who we believe we are． Ⅲ．语法填空(限时6分钟) (2024·南京市、盐城市二模)Seeing these “gardens” is like looking at a universe in a plant pot．The miniature (微型的) branches spread and twist，1．________(demonstrate) the beauty of nature, so as to allow viewers to stop and reflect on the circle of life．The potted landscape of penjing 2．________(be) a representative of top-ranking garden art ever since its existence． 3．________(expected)，the Suzhou-style penjing cultivation technique was listed as a national-level intangible cultural heritage(非物质文化遗产) in 2011.4．________ penjing，Suzhou gardens wouldn't be as charming as they are today．Once the construction of a garden is completed, its buildings are set, but planting can grow and change，which makes gardens 5．________(live)． The history of penjing 6．________(date) back to the Tang Dynasty when the great poet Bai Juyi used some stones 7．________(create) a miniature landscape in pots．And the Ming Dynasty marked a boom in the economy of Suzhou, the very period 8．________ turned the city into a major cultural center．Because of that long history，Suzhou-style penjing is often seen as 9．________ fundamental school of Chinese planting art． Penjing works are beautiful but people think that they are owned by the rich．However，only when they are enjoyed by general 10．________(consume) can they benefit from being part of people's wider modern artistic taste． 答题栏 Ⅰ Ⅱ 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 5 Ⅲ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Ⅳ．读后续写(限时25分钟) 阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I was backpacking and planned to climb a volcano called Volcan Baru．At 3，474m，it is the highest peak in the country and one of the only places on Earth from where you can see the Atlantic and the Pacific Oceans at the same time．It is an active volcano，but last erupted around 1550． I set off before sunrise．It was a little cold, so I had pulled on tights under my trousers．I intended to reach the top by midday, and then return before dark to get a lift to my hotel．I've always felt safe travelling as a woman on my own，which I've done since my 20s．I love the freedom．When I got to the base of the volcano at 7 in the morning，the ranger disagreed to let me go alone, but said OK because an American couple were behind me． The first part of the climb was beautiful．It was not dry as you might imagine a volcano might be—there were trees and flowers all around，and a dirt road for the farmers who worked around there．I walked for an hour and reached a fair height．The views were impressive，so I stopped to take a photograph． Suddenly I heard violent barking behind me．I turned and saw two dogs running aggressively(挑衅地) towards me．I expected them to stop, but they didn't．As they got closer，I could see their teeth looked sharp，and that they looked angry．There was nowhere for me to run．I tried to keep calm, but my heart was racing．I'd never been bitten by a dog, and I couldn't help but fear what would happen．They stopped a dozen feet from where I stood and kept barking．I knew they could move fast，so I didn't want to try to outrun them． 注意：1．续写词数应为 150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 Terrified，I slowly kept walking, saying，“Come on, good dogs！”______ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ Just at this critical moment，a pickup appeared，driven by the ranger． ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 5/6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 课时分层作业(十) Ⅰ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。根据不同时期的写实的艺术作品，一个团队观察、发现一些东西在形状、颜色和大小方面发生的变化，让人们更好地了解粮食作物的变化。 1．D　[细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，在该作品中小麦几乎和人们一样高，即人们可以看到16世纪的小麦看起来是什么样的。故D项正确。] 2．C　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Their interest... had a different idea．”可知，该团队的两人对博物馆内一幅画有奇怪的西瓜的作品有了不同的看法，所以对艺术作品中的植物开始感兴趣。故C项正确。] 3．C　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“if you're going to use... you might be misled”可知，如果你要用毕加索的画来尝试理解20世纪早期的梨是什么样的，你可能会被误导。故可推知，Vergauwen是想说画作本身应该真实。故C项正确。] 4．D　[写作意图题。文章第一段介绍一幅画作，引出小麦变化的问题，后续讲述一个团队通过研究不同时代的艺术画作来追踪粮食作物变化问题。故D项正确。] Ⅱ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了什么是惊讶和惊讶的力量。 1．F　[根据空前内容可知，空前讲述了惊讶的基本信息。空后讲了惊讶对我们的作用。由此可知，空处应承上启下，介绍惊讶与我们有关的基本信息，故F项符合语境。] 2．G　[根据空前的“In his book... of his research”可知，在他的书中，Rousell介绍了他几十年来的研究发现。由此可知，空处应说明研究发现具体是什么，G选项“惊讶带来的体验塑造了我们所认为的自己”承接上文，且空后的They指代G项中的experiences，故G项符合语境。] 3．E　[本空为该段主旨句。根据空后内容可知，Samantha觉得害羞是她的弱点，直到她的游泳教练任命她为队长，这让她大吃一惊。教练的话让她觉得自己很强大。她的信念和行为发生了立刻而持久的变化。由此可知，这是列举的一个具体例子，故E项“下面是作者在他的书中分享的一个例子”符合语境。] 4．C　[根据空前内容可知，学生也许认为自己学习很慢，员工也许认为自己缺乏创造力。根据空后内容可知，认为自己学得慢的学生也是很仔细周到的；认为自己缺乏创造力的员工是很有逻辑的。由此可知，我们要看到一件事情的另一面，C项承上启下，符合语境。] 5．D　[根据空前的“The more you... less surprising it will be．”可知，你在这个话题上越拖延，或者把它装扮成华丽的赞美，它就越不令人惊讶。故D项“而且，它对一个人的思想影响较小”符合语境。] Ⅲ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了盆景的相关信息。其历史可以追溯到唐朝，苏派盆景更被视为中国种植艺术的基本流派。 1．demonstrating　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处是非谓语动词，与句子主语The miniature branches构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故用动词-ing形式demonstrating作状语。句意：微型的树枝舒展扭曲，展现自然之美，让观看者停下来反思生命循环。] 2．has been　[考查时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语“ever since its existence”可知，此处应使用现在完成时；主语为The potted landscape of penjing，表示第三人称单数概念。故填has been。] 3．Expectedly　[考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空格位于句首，修饰后文整个句子，应用副词，注意句首单词首字母要大写。故填Expectedly。] 4．Without　[考查介词。根据句意可知，此处表示“如果没有盆景，苏州园林就不会像今天这样迷人”，故填Without。注意首字母大写。] 5．lively/alive　[考查形容词。此处考查固定句式“make＋sb/sth＋adj．”。根据句意可知，此处表示“有活力的”，故填形容词lively/alive。] 6．dates　[考查时态和主谓一致。此处陈述客观事实，用一般现在时；主语为The history of penjing，表示第三人称单数概念，谓语动词应用单数形式。故填dates。句意：盆景的历史可以追溯到唐朝，当时伟大的诗人白居易用一些石头在罐子里创造微型景观。] 7．to create　[考查非谓语动词。use sth to do sth“用某物做某事”，是固定短语。] 8．that　[考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句。定语从句修饰先行词period，从句缺少主语，又由于先行词前有the very修饰，故只能用that引导。] 9．a　[考查冠词。school为可数名词，此处表泛指，且fundamental的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。句意：由于历史悠久，苏派盆景通常被视为中国种植艺术的一个基本流派。] 10．consumers　[考查名词。根据句意可知，此处表示“消费者”，且表复数概念，故填consumers。] Ⅳ．【参考范文】 Terrified，I slowly kept walking，saying，“Come on，good dogs！” Suddenly，one dog dashed up towards me，sinking his teeth into my leg．“Oh no！I'm in a dog's mouth and he's trying to swallow me，”I thought to myself，with the pain taking my breath away as I felt his teeth in my flesh．I picked up a rock to fight him off, but was nervous that he would go for my neck or that the other one would come to attack me together．Facing these two aggressive dogs，I desperately felt at a loss．Hardly could I step out of the trouble on my own． Just at this critical moment，a pickup appeared，driven by the ranger．Seeing the state I was in, he immediately stopped his pickup，opened the door, and signaled to me to get in．When we reached the base，he helped me bandage the leg up，earnestly reminding me that safety comes first while travelling．I felt relieved and grateful．And from then on，I travel carefully as well as cautiously．After all, nothing is more precious than life． 3/3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 课时分层作业(九) 必修第二册　UNIT 1　Lights，camera，action! Ⅰ．阅读理解 A 篇(限时6分钟) After Impressionism: Inventing Modern Art 25 March－13 August 2023 Rooms 1 to 8 Explore a period of great change when artists broke with established tradition and laid the foundations for the art of the 20th and the 21st centuries． The decades between 1880 and the outbreak of the First World War in 1914 were a complex，energetic period of artistic questioning，searching，risk-taking and innovation． The exhibition celebrates the achievements of three giants of the period: Paul Cézanne，Vincent van Gogh and Paul Gauguin and follows the influences they had on younger generations of French artists and on wider circles of artists across Europe． With over a hundred works by artists ranging from Picasso to Mondrian and a selection of sculptures by artists including Rodin and Camille Claudel, the exhibition follows the creation of a new, modern art, free of convention, taking in Expressionism and Abstraction．The exhibition includes some of the most famous works of art created during these decades．Important loans come to the exhibition from institutions and private collections worldwide． Ticket prices (Free for members) Priority booking open for members． Join today to get early access to tickets, plus enjoy the exhibition in advance on 24 March． Standard admission On sale from 15 February From ￡24 Monday－Friday From ￡26 Saturday and Sunday A maximum of six tickets can be booked in the same deal．For larger group bookings please email． We recommend allowing 50—60 minutes for your visit to the exhibition． 1．What is the probable theme of the exhibition? A．Convention．　 B．Modern Art． C．Western Art． D．Impressionism． 2．How much should a couple pay if they visit the exhibition on weekends without membership? A．￡24．　　B．￡48． C．￡52．　　D．￡26． 3．Where is this text probably taken from? A．A textbook． B．A guidebook． C．A travel journal． D．A research report． B 篇(限时7分钟) (2024·湖北省部分重点中学联考)When she returned home that year，she was given an enthusiastic welcome in the same hall．Many hands stretched out to her, and many cameras focused on her．A reporter with glasses kept pestering her with the question：what do you like best? She was wondering how to respond when she caught sight of a bunch of flowers．Then she said，“Flowers！”Following her remarks，more flowers were at once presented to her, too many for her to hold．During the past two years，she had participated in many international competitions and brought back one shining medal after another．What she got in return were all smiles, flowers and camera flashes．Was it because of this that she became preoccupied with winning? The more she won, the more obsessed she was with the fear of losing．So her mind was in fact more burdened with success than with failure．The mind could control physical pains but could not free itself from mental strain easily． This time when she was a little off balance on the horizontal bar(单杠), she became so worried that she lost self-control and fell off．This failure was followed by several more in other events．Afterwards, in order to avoid people at the airport，she trailed along behind the team．She found that very few people greeted her and reporters seemed to shun her．However hard she tried, she couldn't turn the tide；she was a complete failure．Indeed，who would side with a failure? All of a sudden, she saw a pair of shoes in front of her．Who could it be? She raised her bent head slowly and saw a navy blue suit, long legs, and then a clear fair face．Before her stood the stewardess with her hands behind her back, speaking with a smile，“I watched your performance on the television．I knew you would come home today．So I am here especially to welcome you．” “I did very poorly，”she said and lowered her head again． “No．You did your best．” “But I failed．” “Nobody can avoid failure．I believe failure is as important to you as success．Failure belongs to the past，and victory is the future．”The stewardess' voice came gentle but firm． Hearing these words，the girl raised her head．The stewardess held out her hands from behind her back with a large bouquet of colorful flowers，and presented it to the girl．The strong fragrance seemed to turn into a magic，powerful current that went through her body．She was moved to tears．Flowers are usually given to victorious heroes．Why to the disgraced loser? 4．What does the underlined word “pestering” mean in Paragraph 1? A．Greeting．　 B．Annoying． C．Inquiring． D．Concerning． 5．According to the passage，what contributed to her winning medals before? A．She had received many smiles, flowers and camera flashes． B．She was passionate about walking on the horizontal bar． C．Her mind was free from excessive anxiety about failure． D．She was in good physical condition． 6．What may be her strongest emotion after she failed? A．Ashamed． B．Stressed． C．Miserable． D．Grief-stricken． 7．What is the main message the writer tries to convey? A．Action is worry's worst enemy． B．The winners laugh and the losers weep． C．Excessive pressure will become a burden． D．Success is never final and failure is never fatal． C 篇(限时7分钟) (2024·丽水、湖州、衢州三地市质检)Scientists have solved a puzzle about modern humans，after research showed that a famous skull of a human ancestor found in South Africa is a million years older than experts thought．This discovery has changed what we know of human history． The skull，which scientists have named“Mrs．Ples”，is from an ape-like human relative from a species called Australopithecus africanus．It was found near Johannesburg in 1947 and，based on evidence from its surroundings, it was thought to be between 2.1 and 2.6 million years old．This puzzled scientists，because although Mrs．Ples looks like a possible early ancestor of early humans, the first true humans had already evolved by the time she apparently lived．For this reason，scientists decided that，Australopithecus afarensis，a similar species from Eastern Africa that lived about 3.85 and 2.95 million years ago，was our most likely ancestor instead． To get a more accurate age of Mrs．Ples, a team led by Professor Darryl Granger of Purdue University in Indiana, used a new method to date the sandy rocks where the skull lay．They measured the amount of certain chemicals in rocks, which form at a steady rate when they are exposed to cosmic rays(宇宙射线)on Earth's surface．Once rocks are buried，these chemicals stop forming and slowly disappear；the surviving amount reveals how much time has passed since the rocks(or bones)were on the surface． The new study shows that Mrs．Ples and other australopithecine bones nearby are between 3.4 and 3.7 million years old．This means they lived at the same time as their Eastern African relatives，so either group could have given rise to modern humans．However，team member Dr Laurent Bruxelles pointed out that over millions of years, at only 2，500 miles away，these groups had plenty of time to travel and to breed with each other．In other words, the groups could quite easily have met，had children together and both been part of the history of modern humans． 8．What can we learn about Mrs．Ples from the first two paragraphs? A．It is a skull found in Eastern Africa． B．It is the most possible ancestor of humans． C．It is a million years older than scientists expected． D．It is proved to live between 2.1 and 2.6 million years ago． 9．How did scientists get the accurate age of Mrs．Ples? A．By studying the effect of cosmic rays． B．By calculating the forming rate of chemicals． C．By locating the sandy rocks where the skull lay． D．By measuring the surviving amount of chemicals． 10．What can we infer from the new study? A．Modern humans came into being in Eastern Africa． B．Mrs．Ples travelled and had children with Eastern African relatives． C．The history of modern humans might begin 3.85 million years ago． D．Ape-like species from Africa could have interacted with each other． 11．Which of the following can be the best title of the passage? A．A Puzzle Unsolved B．Ancestor Mystery Solved C．Mrs．Ples: The Earliest Human Being D．Mrs．Ples: A Famous Skull Ⅱ．完形填空(限时12分钟) (2024·嘉兴市基础测试)Our savings ran out and we were going to lose our house．We had to move into Grandpa's house，which had been old and beyond 1 when Grandpa Mac was living．Now that the place had been 2 for more than five years, it became much worse． The roof seemed to leak 3 ．Hundreds of thousands of footsteps had 4 the finish(末道漆)off the hardwood floors．One of the doors on the kitchen cupboards was broken and it 5 open forever．Worst of all，the white paint on the walls was beginning to fall but there was 6 nothing we could do about that． Joe and I both tried to be 7 around Kelly as we packed to move．She was only three．As long as we didn't give her the wrong 8 she wouldn't notice the poor condition of her new home． One evening，I walked out into the backyard to 9 the heavy heat in the house． 10 there wasn't any air conditioning．Kelly was busy 11 the dandelions(蒲公英)in the yard．She smiled when she saw me and ran over to give me a bright yellow bunch．“We have 12 in the yard，Mommy．Most people just have grass，”she said．“We also have pretty butterflies．This must be the 13 place in the whole world to live．” I suddenly 14 things were not that bad．A three-year-old taught me how to see something to be 15 for in our new home． 1．A．control　　　 B．repair C．recognition D．comparison 2．A．empty B．noisy C．secret D．busy 3．A．for no reason B．in every respect C．on no account D．at any moment 4．A．worn B．kept C．cut D．cleared 5．A．proved B．felt C．grew D．stood 6．A．hardly B．simply C．suddenly D．occasionally 7．A．brave B．friendly C．energetic D．cheerful 8．A．warning B．answer C．message D．lesson 9．A．escape B．defeat C．release D．absorb 10．A．Probably B．Accidentally C．Naturally D．Consequently 11．A．planting B．picking C．watering D．observing 12．A．flowers B．insects C．seats D．trees 13．A．quietest B．safest C．nicest D．cleanest 14．A．confirmed B．declared C．recalled D．realized 15．A．eager B．grateful C．concerned D．responsible 答题栏 Ⅰ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Ⅱ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Ⅲ．应用文写作(限时13分钟) 假定你是李华，你的新西兰笔友 Eric 在发给你的邮件中说他所在的学校开设了汉字书法课(Chinese calligraphy classes)。请给他回封邮件，内容包括： 1．谈谈学习汉字书法的好处； 2．期待他的作品。 注意：1．写作词数应为 80左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 Dear Eric， ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ Yours， Li Hua 7/8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 课时分层作业(九) Ⅰ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一场现代艺术展览的相关信息。 1．B　[细节理解题。根据文章的标题“After Impressionism：Inventing Modern Art 25 March－13 August 2023”可知，这场展览的主题是现代艺术。故选B项。] 2．C　[细节理解题。根据Standard admission部分中的“From ￡26 Saturday and Sunday”可知，一对没有会员资格的夫妇在周末参观这场展览需要支付(2×￡26＝)￡52。故选C项。] 3．B　[文章出处题。根据文章的标题“After Impressionism：Inventing Modern Art 25 March－13 August 2023”和下文的内容可知，本文介绍了一场现代艺术展览的一些相关信息，所以文章可能出自旅游指南。故选B项。] 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个运动员既有成功，又有失败的故事，作者旨在告诉读者：没有人能避免失败，失败和成功同样重要。只有正视今天的失败，才能拥抱明天的胜利。 4．B　[词义猜测题。根据语境可知，她胜利归来，受到热烈欢迎，许多人向她伸出手来，许多相机对着她，一个戴眼镜的记者一直缠着她问：你最喜欢什么？，故B项正确。] 5．C　[推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The more she won... mental strain easily．”和第二段第一句可推知，她之前赢得奖牌的原因是她在思想上没有对失败的过度焦虑，故选C项。] 6．A　[推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Afterwards, in order... behind the team．”以及第四段中的“she said and lowered her head again”可推知，失败后，她最强烈的情感是羞愧。故选A项。] 7．D　[推理判断题。通读全文尤其是最后两段可知，本文通过一个运动员既有成功又有失败的故事表达了鲜花可以送英雄，但失败者也值得被尊重，即没有最终的成功，也没有致命的失败的道理。] 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。在南非发现的一个人类祖先的头盖骨，改变了人们对人类历史的认知。文章介绍了相关时间测算的技术问题，并介绍了不同人对新研究结果的不同看法等。 8．C　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Scientists have solved... than experts thought．”可知，在南非发现的一个人类祖先的著名头盖骨的时间比专家们认为的要早100万年。] 9．D　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“They measured the... were on the surface．”可知，科学家们通过测量岩石中特定化学物质的含量来判断Mrs．Ples的年龄：岩石暴露在地表时，这些化学物质便以稳定的速度形成，一旦被掩埋，则会停止形成并慢慢消失。故选D。] 10．D　[推理判断题。根据尾段，尤其是尾段最后两句可知，在数百万年的时间里，在仅仅2 500英里之外的地方，这些群体有足够的时间远行并彼此繁衍；即这些群体可能很容易相遇、一起生儿育女。据此可以推知，来自非洲的类猿物种可能互相交流、繁衍了。] 11．B　[标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文第一段中的“Scientists have solved a puzzle about modern humans”为全文的主旨句，指出“科学家们已解开了关于现代人的祖先之谜”；接着全文围绕此主题句展开，介绍了Mrs．Ples的头盖骨的发现以及使用的预测年龄的方法等。故B项最适合作为文章的标题。] Ⅱ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。由于存款用完，作者一家不得不搬到破旧不堪的老房子居住，但三岁大的女儿发现了新居的美，这使作者意识到自己的现状并没有那么糟糕，自己的新家也有值得感激的地方。 1．B　[根据前面的“which had been old”可知，该空应填repair。短语beyond repair指无法修复。] 2．A　[根据前文“在祖父居住的时候房子已经老化而且年久失修”可推断：房子现在是空的。] 3．D　[前文提到房子年久失修，根据常识可知屋顶看似会随时漏雨。at any moment为固定短语，意为“随时”。] 4．A　[此处指老房子的硬木地板也因为被踩的次数太多而掉了末道漆，wear表示“磨出(洞)，磨损，消耗，用旧”。] 5．D　[根据该句话中的“broken”和“open forever”并结合语境可知，该空应填stood，指厨房橱柜上的一扇门坏了而永远开着。stand在此为系动词，后接形容词open作表语。] 6．B　[此处指墙上的白漆开始脱落，但我们对此“确实无能为力”。simply“确实；仅仅，只，不过”。] 7．D　[前文提到作者和丈夫的存款用光了，不得不搬到破烂不堪的老房子里居住，他们的心情会很糟糕，由该句话中的tried to可知，作者夫妇在孩子面前尽力表现得高兴(cheerful)。故选D。] 8．C　[作者夫妇不想影响仅仅三岁大的女儿的心情，他们不想将这一糟糕的信息传递给女儿，故C项message符合语境。] 9．A　[根据常识可知，作者走出房子到后院是为了躲避屋子里的酷热，A项escape“(从不愉快或危险处境中)逃脱，逃避”符合语境。] 10．C　[因为是多年没住人的老房子，没有空调是自然的。naturally意为“自然地，当然地”。] 11．B　[根据下文中的“give me a bright yellow bunch”可知，女儿此刻正在院子里采摘蒲公英，pick“采，摘”符合语境。] 12．A　[根据常识并结合下文女儿所说的话“Most people just have grass”可知，此处是指院子里有花。] 13．C　[在三岁大的女儿看来，院子里有花有蝴蝶，这是世界上最好的居住之地，故选C。] 14．D　[听了女儿的一番话，作者突然意识到事情不是那么糟糕，realize“意识到”。] 15．B　[根据上文可知，此处指三岁大的女儿教会了作者如何在自己的新家看到值得感激的东西。grateful“感激的”符合语境。] Ⅲ．【参考范文】 Dear Eric， I'm glad to hear that your school has offered Chinese calligraphy classes． As one of the most important parts of Chinese culture，Chinese calligraphy helps people better learn about Chinese history and culture．Besides，learning Chinese calligraphy can improve people's mood and lead to a healthy life．Therefore，more and more people worldwide are becoming interested in this unique Chinese art form．I believe you will soon fall in love with it． Wish you great progress and I'm looking forward to seeing your excellent calligraphy works! Yours， Li Hua 4/4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$