Unit 1 Using Language （2）课件+ 分层练习-【上好课】2024-2025学年高二英语同步精品课堂（人教版2019选择性必修第二册）

Unit 1 Science and Scientists Using Language 2 新人教选择性必修二 目 录 Lead-in Writing Reading Assignment Learning objectives: At the end of this lesson, students are able to: 1. Learn about the two great scientists’ lives, personality and qualities, achievements and scientific spirit; 2. Grasp and use some words and phrases to describe the qualities of great scientists; 3. Summarize the linking words and phrases and describe their functions; 4. Write an essay about the scientific spirit. In order to inspire people to learn about scientific spirit, China Daily is calling for articles on your opinion on this topic and you can contribute to China daily. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ Lead-in： Lead-in： What kind of personality and qualities Qian Xuesen had helped him earn the name of “the father of China’s aerospace”? What kind of personality and qualities in Stephen Hawking helped him with his work and made him one of the greatest thinkers of the 20th and 21st centuries? Reading： What can we know from the title and the pictures? What questions do you have in mind? Reading： What can we know from the title and the pictures? What questions do you have in mind? The text is mainly about: ________________________________________________ a brief introduction of Qian Xuesen and Stephen Hawking Why was Qian called: What does the title mean? Reading： Read the text fast and match the main idea with each para. Para 1 Qian’s education Para 2 Qian’s returning to motherland Para 3 Qian’s achievements in Aerospace Para 4 Qian’s personality Para 5 Further education abroad and achievements Para 6 His death and people’s appreciation of him Para 7 Introduction about Qian Xuesen Reading： What will be included in your essay if you are writing about a great scientist? Brief introduction. Life story Achievements Personalities/ qualities 1911:_______ in Shanghai 1934：graduated from ___________________ ______________ 1935：went to _________ for further study 1930s-40s: a _________ in American jet and rocket technology 1955: ____________ China 1956: _______ the first research institute of rockets and missiles Title (头衔): Father of ________________ October 31, 2009:_______________ Famous saying： ___________ is in China; _____________ is in China; _______________ is in China. Born Shanghai Jiao Tong University the US pinoneer returned to set up China’s Missiles passed away My career My success My destination Personality and qualities Qian Xuesen has: patriotic, knowledgeable, determined ... Watch the video and learn about Qian Xuesen. Reading： Skimming for the main structure (para.2-5) THE FATHER OF CHINA’S AEROSPACE Personal information of Qian Xuesen In 1911,Qian was born in Hangzhou. Qian _________________ in Beijing , then entered Shanghai Jiao Tong University to study _________________________________. In 1932, Qian switched his major to . 　　　 In 1935, Qian went to the US to pursue his ____________　　.  Over the course of the 1930s and 1940s, Qian became a ___________ in American jet and rocket technology.  aviation　 graduate studies　 attended schools pioneer Railway Mechanical Engineering Reading： THE FATHER OF CHINA’S AEROSPACE Personal information of Qian Xuesen 6. As a _____________________ at the California Institute of Technology during the 1930s. 7. In the 1940s, Qian and several other people 　　　　　　 the Jet Propulsion Laboratory.  8. In 1955, Qian ______________ China.  9. In 1970, China successfully launched its first ____________________. 10. On 31 October 2009, he _____________ founded　 graduate assistant returned to man-made satellite passed away leading space-exploration center received a hero’s welcome/ China’s rocket science was underdeveloped the whole country was saddened by his death missiles, rocket, satellite, 1911 1930s 1940s 1955 1932 born, schools in BJ, SH Jiaotong Univ. ‘Railway’ Songhu Battle, aviation patriotic selfless in China → USA graduate in USA gifted/excellent returned to China rocket propulsion a pioneer, jet rocket Jet P. Lab (NASA) 1970 rocket, missile in China aerospace 2009 passed away determined, fearless, pioneering, hardworking, devoted outstanding, knowledgeable, creative great, honorable, respectable The father of China’s Aerospace Qian Xuesen para1: introduction: para2-5: life and achievement: para6: personality: para7: death patriotic: switched major to aviation well-respected: his death and his influence knowledgeable: became a pioneer; conducted important reaserch; co-founded JPL...... (determined;devoted; creative...) ① had a great impact on China’s aerospace science; ② the father of China’s aerospace. ① born in Shanghai; ② entered Shanghai Jiao Tong University; ③ used to be a graduate assistant; Type: Part 1 Part 2 Part 3 Part 4 Para 1______________ Para 2-5 Personal experience Para 6_______________ Para 7 ______________ Introduction Personality Death Biography What makes a great scientist? Personality Supportive examples ①patriotic ②knowledgeable ③determined ④outstanding and creative has a wide range of interest 2. switched his major to aviation 3. became a pioneer in American jet and rocket technology 4. conduct important research into rocket propulsion 5. founded the Jet Propulsion Laboratory 6. returned to China 7. in charge of not only developing China’s rocket science but also its space and missile programme 8. did not let that discourage him from taking on the challenge 9. developed the Dongfeng missiles 10. successfully launched its first man-made satellite 11. be traced back to Qian’s research 12. his strong interest in other things 13. his deep appreciation for art What makes a great scientist? Personality Supportive examples ⑤gifted ⑥brilliant ⑦brave ⑧sometimes careless in what he said or did 16.stood up and pointed out that Hoyle had made a mistake 18.was willing to say what others were afraid to say 19.to dream of what others were afraid to dream about 22. was willing to admit his faults 17. Hawking’ s own work on the big bang theory was soon proven by astronomers with telescopes ⑨determined 20.as a scientist 21. his fight against his disease This odd combination of characteristics had made him one of the greatest thinkers of the 20th and 21st centuries. courageous challenged the professor his success not only in scientific research but also his fight against disease What makes a great scientist?—Personlity and qualities of a scientist Stephen Hawking Qian Xueshen descriptive words descriptive words Brainstorming What are the key qualities of a successful scientist? dedication (奉献) values ethics（伦理） code of conduct （行为准则） serving the people humility self-sacrificing detail-oriented self-motivated an effective communicator outside the box passionate about career determined creative visionary knowledgeable gifted brave hard working a team player smart Please quickly find the linking words in the second passage linking elements bring greater cohesion and logical flow to it 表示强调 表示时间 表示转折 表示总结 表示结果 表示承接 表示承接 Reading： Study the language and structure. However, after the Songhu Battle broke out in 1932, … At that time, China was poor and its rocket science was undeveloped. Nevertheless, Qian did not let that discourage him … Because much of the technology behind the Shenzhou rockets … However, what might have made him such an outstanding … In general, there were two main theories … Besides being brilliant, he was brave, … Furthermore, he was quite determined. Above all, Hawking was willing to admit his faults. Linking words are the link of textual cohesion, the logical meanings of expression including time relations, space relations, enumeration and order, exemplification, progression, contrast and turn, equivalence and substitution, transition and summary, result and inference, etc., most of them are cohesive adverbials. 衔接词语(linking words)是语篇衔接的纽带, 表达的逻辑意义包括时间关系、空间关系、列举和顺序、例证、递进、对比和转折、等同和替换、过渡和总结、结果和推论等, 其中多数是衔接性状语。 A good biography Using supportive examples to illustrate the qualities of the person structure, title, linking words How to write a good biography？ scientific spirits have a vivid imagination have a strong intuition statistical analysis data collection be curiosity and creativity start out as a scientist well-respected man make a decision be interested in be willing to be curious about pay attention be necessary for be extremely knowledgeable an outstanding and creative scientist be familiar with dream of Structure of an argumentative essay Introduction Body paragraphs Conclusion Hook, starts broad and narrows to the point, clear thesis Restate thesis, leave reader with critical question or vivid image Topic sentence #3 examples, explanations, research, concluding sentence Topic sentence #2 examples, explanations, research, concluding sentence Topic sentence #1 examples, explanations, research, concluding sentence Quality 1 Quality 2 Quality 3 Introduction—Scientific Spirit makes scientist successful Conclusion：Importance of scientific spirit/your reflection and inspiration Linking words Sequence Writing： 总领：在写人物介绍时，尤其是着重于介绍其精神品质的，切记要选取该人物身上最典型的事例，用以突出人物的个性和品质。 【写作方法】 ① 首段：人物概况（Brief information -- 名字，身份，头衔）。 ② 主体：人物事迹，成就及科学家精神。(personal experience+qualities) 人物的事迹＋其体 现的科学家精神，注意事迹和精神一定要匹配； 注意事迹可以按时间顺序，一个事迹不够，事迹太多字数会超过，选取两三个即可。 ③ 尾段：总结升华，概括该人物所表现出来的科学精神及对自己的影响。 (Summary & influence-- 学习，生活，态度的影响) Writing： 首段常用句型(Brief information): 1. I am going to introduce one of my favorite scientists to you. 我要向你介绍我最喜欢的一位科学家。 2. He is one of the most famous and influential scientists in… 他是在……领域最著名和有影响力的科学家之一 3. He is the first scientist to do sth. 他是第一个……的科学家。(使用不定式作定语) [试一试] 袁隆平是第一个研制出杂交水稻的科学家。 Yuan Longping is the first scientist to develop the hybrid rice. Writing： 首段常用句型(Brief information): 过去分词做后置定语 1. sb, known as +头衔, is one of the greatest +身份+ in the world. 某人，被誉为…,是世界上最伟大的…之一。 【试一试】林巧稚，被誉为万婴之母，是中国最伟大的医生之一。 Lin Qiaozhi, known as “the mother of ten thousand babies”, is one of the greatest doctors in China. 定语从句 2. Sb, who is my favorite scientist, is considered to be +头衔。 某人，是我最喜欢的科学家，被誉为…. 【试一试】钱学森是我最喜欢的科学家，他被誉为导弹之父。 Qian Xuesen, who is my favorite scientist, is considered to be “the father of missile.” Writing： 中段常用句型(personal experience & qualities): 1. Born in a…family in…, he… 在…年出生于…家庭，他… 2. In the course of+时间段, he met a lot of difficulties. However, he was determined and never gave up. 在……期间, 他遇到很多困难, 但是他意志坚定, 从不放弃。 3. Not only is/was/does/did he…, but also he… 他不仅……，而且…… 4. He achieved fame/became famous when he… 当…的时候，他成名了。 5. He made great contributions to… 他对……做出很大贡献。 【试一试】他对解决人们饥饿问题做出了巨大贡献。 He made great contributions to solving the problem of hunger. Writing： 中段常用句型(personal experience & qualities): Useful adjectives for qualities patriotic (爱国的); devoted (奉献的); selfless (无私的); diligent (勤奋的); hard-working(勤奋的); responsible (有责任感的), tireless (孜孜不倦的); persevering (坚持不懈的) knowledgeable (学识渊博的)； determined (坚决的) gifted (有才华的)； modest (谦虚的) Writing： 末段常用句型(influence): 1. He inspires me to be a person like him. 他激励我成为像他一样的人。 2. What influenced me most is…. 对我影响最深的是… 【试一试】对我影响最深的是他对科学和祖国的热爱。 What influenced me most is his affection for science and our country. 3. Having known his story, I make up my mind to do sth. 知道他的故事后，我下定决心做某事。 【试一试】知道他的故事后，我决定全身心投入于科学。 Having known his story, I make up my mind to keep going whatever difficulties I meet. Assignment： Write an essay about the scientific spirit. 根据以下信息用英语写一篇短文介绍袁隆平教授。 1.袁隆平，1930年出生于北京。自幼刻苦学习，为了应对粮食危机，他选择学习农业。也许再没有哪位科学家比袁隆平对中国农业科学的影响更大了。他的杂交水稻不仅养活了中国，也造福了全世界。 2. 他把他的一生都奉献给了农业，自从1953 年从重庆西南农学院(Southwest Agricultural College)大学毕业以后,他一直在为世界农业耕耘。他认为自己是个农民，因为他不断地在田间工作，进行科学研究。 3. 通过不懈的努力，袁隆平克服了巨大的技术难题，于1974年研制出了第一批可用于农业生产的杂交水稻。由于他的研究,我国水稻产量快速增长, 解决了粮食不足的问题。袁隆平的创新不仅养活了中国，也养活了其他许多国家。 4. 总之，袁隆平是最值得尊敬的科学家之一，他被誉为“杂交水稻之父” （the Father of Hybrid Rice）, 他的事迹一直激励着我们前进。 Assignment： personalities linking words patriotic hardworking devoted knowledgeable specialized brave determined outstanding creative positive 举例：for example, for instance 递进：besides, in addition, what’s more, moreover, furthermore 转折：however, nevertheless, instead, while 让步：though, although, even though, even if, despite, in spite of 原因：becuase, because of, due to, thanks to, owing to, as a result of 结果：so, thus, therefore, as a result/consequence, consequently, accordingly 事实：in fact, as a matter of fact, indeed, acctually, in reality 总结：in a word, in short, all in all, in conclusion, in summary, to sum up Assignment： Born in 1930 in Beijing, Yuan Longping studied hard from the time he was a child. In order to tackle food crisis, he chose to study agriculture. Yuan Longping made the greatest impact on China’s agricultural science. His hybrid strains not only feed China, but also the whole world. Devoted to agriculture, Yuan worked on agriculture after he graduated from Southwest Agricultural College in Chongqing. He considered himself a farm worker because he continually worked the land in his research. The Father of Hybrid Rice Assignment： Yuan was determined to solve food crisis in China. Through intense effort, Yuan overcame enormous technical difficulties to develop the first hybrid rice that could be used for farming in 1974. As a result of Yuan’s research, China’s rice production has increased rapidly, in turn, he worked out the problem of food shortage. Yuan’s contribution helped feed not just china, but many other countries that depend on rice as well. In conclusion, Yuan was one of the most respected scientists. He was known as the “father of hybrid rice”, and his deeds always inspired us. Assignment： Use this checklist to help you revise the draft. Does the writer explain clearly the personal qualities that make up the scientific spirit? Does the writer give examples from the lives of the scientist(s) to illustrate the points? Does the writer describe the personality of a great scientist? Does the writer use appropriate linking words and phrases to tie the ideas together? Does the writer use separate paragraphs, each with its own function? Assignment： 在写人物介绍时，尤其是着重于介绍其精神品质的，切记要选取该人物身上最典型的事例，用以突出人物的个性和品质。 【写作方法】 ① 首段：人物概况（Brief information -- 名字，身份，头衔）。 ② 主体：人物事迹及科学家精神。(personal experience+qualities) 时间顺序,两三个即可 ③ 尾段：人物所表现出来的科学精神及对自己的影响。 (Summary&influence-- 学习，生活，态度的影响) 确定文体（genre） 主体时态（tense） 主体人称（person） 人物传记 一般过去时（simple past tense） 第三人称（the third person） Assignment： sentence patterns: Perhaps no other...than... Perhaps no other scientist has had a greater impact on China’s aerospace science than Qian Xuesen 仿写1:也许没有哪一位科学家比袁隆平对杂交水稻的影响更大了 Perhaps no other scientist has had a greater impact on hybrid rice than Yuan Longping. General Introduction Assignment： 末段常用句型（influence） 1. 他激励我成为像他一样的人。 He inspires me to be a person like him. 2. 对我影响最深的是他对科学和祖国的热爱。 (主语从句) What influenced me most What influenced me most is his affection for science and our country. 3. 知道他的故事后，我决定不管遇到什么困难都继续前行。 Having known his story, I make up my mind to keep going whatever difficulties I meet. (现在分词作状语) Having known......., Described by the authors of the Story of Qian Xuesen as a man with “great scientific thought and scientific spirit”who was patriotic and served his homeland with effort, achievement, and devotion, Qian was an extremely well-respected man. 核心部分/主干（主句）：Qian was an extremely well-respected man. 枝条/次要（分句）：1） Described by the authors....scientific spirit” 2）who was patriotic and served .... devotion, 2.连接词(that/which/who...) 标记词： 1.介词(on/in/by/before/after...) 切割法： 介词+宾语(名/代词/doing)； 连词和从句部分; 非谓语动词(+宾语) 3.非谓语动词（doing/done/to do) 修饰成分： 都不是“主干” Thank You ! Using Language 2 新人教选择性必修二 Lavf57.0.100 Coded by New Bilibili Transcoder Lavf58.29.100 $$ Unit 1 Using Language 2分层练习 语言知识 一、（2024·高一课时练习）单词拼写。 1．Customs officials have made a series of __________(相互矛盾的) statements about the equipment. 2．You have to have__________(证据；证明)of residence in the state of Texas, such as a Texas ID card. 3．He is __________(沮丧的) that his work has not gone very well recently. 4．The boy died of __________(数量多的) injuries, and everyone here felt sad for him. 5．We import ___________(生的；未加工的) materials and energy and export mainly industrial products. 6．The media put their every decision under the ___________(显微镜)． 7．Many poor ___________(家庭) are experiencing real hardship. 8．Population growth is __________(减少) by 1．4% each year. 9．In remote regions, the air is __________(纯的；干净的) and the crops are free of poisonous insecticides. 10．Official __________(数据) show real wages declining by 24%. 二、（2024·高一课时练习）单句语法填空。 1．Instead of __________ (blame) the child who had broken the vase, she gave him a tolerant smile and let him go. 2．After he grew up to be a __________ (science), he liked to do scientific experiments to test his ideas. 3．See, your computer has broken down again！__________ doesn’t make sense to buy the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars. 4．This phenomenon is neither good __________ bad; it is a fact of college life，today and in the past. 5．She __________(suspect) that one of her three daughters—then ten, eight, and six—had picked it up, but the girls said they hadn’t. 6．Join in the holiday fun at the Powerhouse this month __________ (link) to our new exhibition. 7．However, when she hung up, she regretted the way she __________(handle) the call. 8．On September 11, 1933, famous physicist Ernest Rutherford stated, with confidence，“Anyone who experts a source of power in the __________(transform) of these atoms is taking moonshine. ” 9．Their child is at the stage __________ she can say individual words but not full sentences. 10．Don’t be too severe __________ others’ errors. 三、（2024·高一课时练习）完成句子。 1．__________ ____________ __________ ____________ __________ __________ take part in more outdoor activities. 我们有必要参加更多的户外活动。 2．The story is __________ ____________ __________ I want to read it again. 这个故事很有趣，我想再读一遍。 3．Because of the serious traffic accident, he __________ ____________ __________ ____________. 由于这次严重的交通事故，他的腿断了。 4．One thing to remember is that _________ __________ the process __________ the end product __________ matters. 需要记住的一点是，重要的是过程，而不是最终产品。 5．What they found was _________ _________ __________ ___________ _________ performed better than those who weren’t. 他们发现，穿白大褂的人比不穿白大褂的人表现得更好。 知识应用 四、（湖南省衡阳市衡阳县三校联考2023-2024学年高二下学期4月月考）阅读理解 It’s January and time to go back to school. For some, that might be a gloomy prospect after the joys of the post Christmas festive period. For me, though, it’s as exciting as a trip to Antarctica, also as scary as starting a job for which I’m not sure I’m qualified. To be embarking on a master’s degree in Psychotherapy and Counselling at Regent’s University in London at 71 is perhaps an unlikely route for someone who dropped out of school aged 17．But now I’ve come full circle to the conclusion that nothing, for me, feels more stimulating at this point in my life than learning new things. That studying, far from being the bore and the chore it used to be, is a treat. Turning 70 came as something of a shock. I started to feel I was drifting. Without a big project, and without any major family responsibilities, I was starting to feel I was lying on a bed of thorns. Friends of similar age are lapping up their lives, socializing and travelling. However, I longed for something more. Or perhaps not more, but different. As the gloom grew, I thought perhaps I needed to see a therapist. A friend, a psychotherapist, suggested that while therapy might be useful, doing a course on the basics of counselling and psychotherapy might be more up my street. Without too much thinking, I decided to give it a shot. So that’s how every weekday I beep （发出哔哔声） myself through the gate with my student pass, which makes me smile every time. I feel privileged to be exposed to a group of my fellow students who are willing to be open to me. While ageing is an inevitable process, we can get rid of a lot of the rules about what’s age- appropriate. Studying for a masters degree in old age is a challenge, but it has provided me with a new perspective on life. Hence, ageing should never limit your ambitions. 24．How did the author feel when going back to school? A．Unrealistic. B．Resistant. C．Awkward. D．Eager. 25．Why did turning 70 come as a shock to the author? A．She lived without a purpose. B．She achieved nothing before. C．She had to support her family. D．She was separated by her fellows. 26．What is the author’s suggestion when facing ageing? A．Seeking support if needed. B．Keeping your passions alive. C．Behaving age- appropriately. D．Socializing with young students. 27．What can be the best title for the text? A．Returning To School— My Dream Since Childhood B．My Efforts To Learn At An unlikely Age Paying Off C．Learning— My Way To Overcome The Ageing Crisis D．My Tough Journey To Pursuing Of A Master’s Degree 五、（广西钦州市示范性高中2024年春季学期第三阶段考试）完形填空 While many cats love to go outdoors, they usually do not venture far from home. But some cats are the ____41____. One cat has even made a busy railway station in the UK her second ____42____. Although Nala, a four-year-old cat has a home in Hertfordshire and a loving owner, she always loves ____43____, with an adventurous spirit. Her owner, Natasha Ambler fitted her with a GPS tracking device. And Nala’s favorite place to ____44____ is the Stevenage Station where she ____45____ commuters every day. She comes in every day to greet hundreds of commuters. Ambler says that Nala goes to the station when it is the busiest because she enjoys the ____46____. The staff at the station have grown very ____47____ of Nala. They say, “Her ____48____ always makes people smile and encourages cheerful conversations between the staff and passengers.” Nala wears a collar with ____49____, including her name and owner’s phone number. Ambler says that she received around 20 calls a day from people telling her they _____50_____ her cat. She had to make a second tag (标签) to tell people that Nala was not lost but just on a(n) _____51_____. Nala is so popular that Ambler _____52_____ a website page where people can post photos of their _____53_____ with the cat. One passenger posted, “She _____54_____ my day when I get the train to work.” Another said, “Nala is _____55_____ a real celebrity of the Stevenage Station.” 41. A. competitors B. cases C. negotiators D. exceptions 42. A. circus B. zoo C. home D. workplace 43. A. eating B. wandering C. hunting D. sleeping 44. A. visit B. skip C. monitor D. advocate 45. A. challenges B. delights C. guides D. disturbs 46. A. debate B. news C. space D. attention 47. A. worthy B. free C. fond D. proud 48. A. presence B. request C. performance D. trick 49. A. qualifications B. diaries C. details D. recommendations 50. A. found B. released C. struck D. adopted 51. A. business B. adventure C. exhibition D. diet 52. A. looked for B. referred to C. learned from D. set up 53. A. encounters B. fights C. quarrels D. comparisons 54. A. experiences B. makes C. explores D. examines 55. A. directly B. relatively C. frequently D. definitely 六、（河北省保定市高碑店市崇德实验中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期末考试）语法填空 A 50-minute drive northwest of downtown Beijing, pops up a village, ___56___ houses a shadow puppetry troupe (皮影戏剧团) and a theater, Beijing Long Zaitian Shadow Puppetry Theater. Shadow puppetry___57___ (see) as the prequel (前篇) to film and animation in China. In2011, the art landed a spot on the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage List. Besides performances___58___(create) by light and shadow, performers must master multiple skills as the plays combine painting, carving, opera___59___literature. However, due to low income and a small market, few young people are willing___60___(learn) shadow puppetry. This particular troupe, however, stands out from the crowd: Average performer age is only 25. Moreover, of the 300 performers it has trained over the years, many are under 1. 4 min___61___ (high). In 2006, Wang Xi, inheritor of Beijing Western-School Shadow Puppetry, ___62___ (establish) the troupe in Beijing, and ___63___ first four very short persons joined her two years later. After a four-month training, they picked up basic performance skills and started working in the theater. In 2021, the team designed Winter Olympics-themed shadow puppets. The puppets were gifted to foreign athletes during the Games. The troupe also staged___64___(variety) plays introducing ice and snow sports through fairy tales. ”We are lucky to have these people. They have been devoted____65____the inheritance of shadow puppetry for over a decade, “Wang Xi said. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 Using Language 2分层练习 语言知识 一、（2024·高一课时练习）单词拼写。 1．Customs officials have made a series of __________(相互矛盾的) statements about the equipment. 2．You have to have__________(证据；证明)of residence in the state of Texas, such as a Texas ID card. 3．He is __________(沮丧的) that his work has not gone very well recently. 4．The boy died of __________(数量多的) injuries, and everyone here felt sad for him. 5．We import ___________(生的；未加工的) materials and energy and export mainly industrial products. 6．The media put their every decision under the ___________(显微镜)． 7．Many poor ___________(家庭) are experiencing real hardship. 8．Population growth is __________(减少) by 1．4% each year. 9．In remote regions, the air is __________(纯的；干净的) and the crops are free of poisonous insecticides. 10．Official __________(数据) show real wages declining by 24%. 【答案】 1．contradictory　2．proof　3．frustrated 4．multiple　5．raw　6．microscope　7．households 8．decreasing　9．pure　10．statistics 二、（2024·高一课时练习）单句语法填空。 1．Instead of __________ (blame) the child who had broken the vase, she gave him a tolerant smile and let him go. 2．After he grew up to be a __________ (science), he liked to do scientific experiments to test his ideas. 3．See, your computer has broken down again！__________ doesn’t make sense to buy the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars. 4．This phenomenon is neither good __________ bad; it is a fact of college life，today and in the past. 5．She __________(suspect) that one of her three daughters—then ten, eight, and six—had picked it up, but the girls said they hadn’t. 6．Join in the holiday fun at the Powerhouse this month __________ (link) to our new exhibition. 7．However, when she hung up, she regretted the way she __________(handle) the call. 8．On September 11, 1933, famous physicist Ernest Rutherford stated, with confidence，“Anyone who experts a source of power in the __________(transform) of these atoms is taking moonshine. ” 9．Their child is at the stage __________ she can say individual words but not full sentences. 10．Don’t be too severe __________ others’ errors. 【答案】 1．blaming　2．scientist　3．It　4．nor 5．suspected　6．linked　7．had handled 8．transformation　9．where　10．on 三、（2024·高一课时练习）完成句子。 1．__________ ____________ __________ ____________ __________ __________ take part in more outdoor activities. 我们有必要参加更多的户外活动。 2．The story is __________ ____________ __________ I want to read it again. 这个故事很有趣，我想再读一遍。 3．Because of the serious traffic accident, he __________ ____________ __________ ____________. 由于这次严重的交通事故，他的腿断了。 4．One thing to remember is that _________ __________ the process __________ the end product __________ matters. 需要记住的一点是，重要的是过程，而不是最终产品。 5．What they found was _________ _________ __________ ___________ _________ performed better than those who weren’t. 他们发现，穿白大褂的人比不穿白大褂的人表现得更好。 【答案】1．It is necessary for us to　2．so interesting that 3．had his legs broken　4．it is; not; that 5．that people wearing white coats 知识应用 四、（湖南省衡阳市衡阳县三校联考2023-2024学年高二下学期4月月考）阅读理解 It’s January and time to go back to school. For some, that might be a gloomy prospect after the joys of the post Christmas festive period. For me, though, it’s as exciting as a trip to Antarctica, also as scary as starting a job for which I’m not sure I’m qualified. To be embarking on a master’s degree in Psychotherapy and Counselling at Regent’s University in London at 71 is perhaps an unlikely route for someone who dropped out of school aged 17．But now I’ve come full circle to the conclusion that nothing, for me, feels more stimulating at this point in my life than learning new things. That studying, far from being the bore and the chore it used to be, is a treat. Turning 70 came as something of a shock. I started to feel I was drifting. Without a big project, and without any major family responsibilities, I was starting to feel I was lying on a bed of thorns. Friends of similar age are lapping up their lives, socializing and travelling. However, I longed for something more. Or perhaps not more, but different. As the gloom grew, I thought perhaps I needed to see a therapist. A friend, a psychotherapist, suggested that while therapy might be useful, doing a course on the basics of counselling and psychotherapy might be more up my street. Without too much thinking, I decided to give it a shot. So that’s how every weekday I beep （发出哔哔声） myself through the gate with my student pass, which makes me smile every time. I feel privileged to be exposed to a group of my fellow students who are willing to be open to me. While ageing is an inevitable process, we can get rid of a lot of the rules about what’s age- appropriate. Studying for a masters degree in old age is a challenge, but it has provided me with a new perspective on life. Hence, ageing should never limit your ambitions. 24．How did the author feel when going back to school? A．Unrealistic. B．Resistant. C．Awkward. D．Eager. 25．Why did turning 70 come as a shock to the author? A．She lived without a purpose. B．She achieved nothing before. C．She had to support her family. D．She was separated by her fellows. 26．What is the author’s suggestion when facing ageing? A．Seeking support if needed. B．Keeping your passions alive. C．Behaving age- appropriately. D．Socializing with young students. 27．What can be the best title for the text? A．Returning To School— My Dream Since Childhood B．My Efforts To Learn At An unlikely Age Paying Off C．Learning— My Way To Overcome The Ageing Crisis D．My Tough Journey To Pursuing Of A Master’s Degree B篇：本文是记叙文。作者七十岁退休以后，因生活没有了目标而有危机感。于是，在朋友的建议下，作者决定攻读硕士学位，这让作者有了新的奋斗目标和人生感悟。 24．D【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段和第二段可知，到了返校的时间，作者感到十分兴奋，她觉得学习不再是苦差事，而是一种享受。 25．A【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第二、三句可知，由于没有事情可做，也没有家庭负担，作者开始如坐针毡。 26．B【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，人不能因为年老而没有追求。 27．C【解析】主旨大意题。通读文章可知，作者七十岁退休以后，因生活没有目标而有危机感。于是，在朋友的建议下，作者决定攻读硕士学位，这对作者克服危机感产生了很大的帮助。 五、（广西钦州市示范性高中2024年春季学期第三阶段考试）完形填空 While many cats love to go outdoors, they usually do not venture far from home. But some cats are the ____41____. One cat has even made a busy railway station in the UK her second ____42____. Although Nala, a four-year-old cat has a home in Hertfordshire and a loving owner, she always loves ____43____, with an adventurous spirit. Her owner, Natasha Ambler fitted her with a GPS tracking device. And Nala’s favorite place to ____44____ is the Stevenage Station where she ____45____ commuters every day. She comes in every day to greet hundreds of commuters. Ambler says that Nala goes to the station when it is the busiest because she enjoys the ____46____. The staff at the station have grown very ____47____ of Nala. They say, “Her ____48____ always makes people smile and encourages cheerful conversations between the staff and passengers.” Nala wears a collar with ____49____, including her name and owner’s phone number. Ambler says that she received around 20 calls a day from people telling her they _____50_____ her cat. She had to make a second tag (标签) to tell people that Nala was not lost but just on a(n) _____51_____. Nala is so popular that Ambler _____52_____ a website page where people can post photos of their _____53_____ with the cat. One passenger posted, “She _____54_____ my day when I get the train to work.” Another said, “Nala is _____55_____ a real celebrity of the Stevenage Station.” 41. A. competitors B. cases C. negotiators D. exceptions 42. A. circus B. zoo C. home D. workplace 43. A. eating B. wandering C. hunting D. sleeping 44. A. visit B. skip C. monitor D. advocate 45. A. challenges B. delights C. guides D. disturbs 46. A. debate B. news C. space D. attention 47. A. worthy B. free C. fond D. proud 48. A. presence B. request C. performance D. trick 49. A. qualifications B. diaries C. details D. recommendations 50. A. found B. released C. struck D. adopted 51. A. business B. adventure C. exhibition D. diet 52. A. looked for B. referred to C. learned from D. set up 53. A. encounters B. fights C. quarrels D. comparisons 54. A. experiences B. makes C. explores D. examines 55. A. directly B. relatively C. frequently D. definitely 【答案】41. D 42. C 43. B 44. A 45. B 46. D 47. C 48. A 49. C 50. A 51. B 52. D 53. A 54. B 55. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了一只叫做娜拉的猫在车站给旅客和工作人员带去了欢乐。 【41题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但有些猫是例外。A. competitors竞争者；B. cases具体情况，实例；病例；C. negotiators谈判代表；D. exceptions例外。根据下文“One cat has even made a busy railway station in the UK her second ____2____ .”可知，有些猫是例外。故选D项。 42题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一只猫甚至把英国一个繁忙的火车站当成了她的第二个家。A. circus马戏团；B. zoo动物园；C. home家； D. workplace（办公室，工厂）等工作场所。根据上下文中的“home”可知，火车站成了猫的第二个家。故选C项。 【43题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管四岁的猫娜拉在赫特福德郡有一个家和一个爱她的主人，但她总是喜欢流浪，有一种冒险精神。A. eating吃；B. wandering徘徊，流浪；C. hunting狩猎； D. sleeping睡觉。根据下文“with an adventurous spirit”可知，猫喜欢流浪。故选B项。 【44题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：娜拉最喜欢去的地方是斯蒂夫尼奇车站，她每天都在那里给通勤者带来欢乐。A. visit拜访；B. skip 蹦蹦跳跳地走；跳绳；C. monitor监测；D. advocate提倡。根据上文“One cat has even made a busy railway station in the UK her second ____2____ .”可知，娜拉最喜欢去的地方是斯蒂夫尼奇车站。故选A项。 【45题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：娜拉最喜欢去的地方是斯蒂夫尼奇车站，她每天都在那里给通勤者带来欢乐。A. challenges挑战；B. delights使高兴；C. guides指导；D. disturbs打扰。根据下文“She ____14____ my day”可知，猫每天都在那里给通勤者带来欢乐。故选B项。 【46题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：安布勒说，娜拉在最繁忙的时候去车站，因为她喜欢受到关注。A. debate讨论；B. news消息；C. space空间；D. attention注意力。根据上文“when it is the busiest”可知，最忙时也是人最多的时候，所以人们更关注猫。故选D项。 【47题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：车站的工作人员越来越喜欢娜拉。A. worthy值得的；B. free自由的；C. fond喜欢的；D. proud自豪的。根据下文“Her ____8____ always makes people smile and encourages cheerful conversations between the staff and passengers.”可知，车站的工作人员越来越喜欢娜拉。故选C项。 【48题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们说:“她的出现总是让人们微笑，并鼓励工作人员和乘客之间愉快的交谈”。A. presence出现；B. request要求；C. performance表演；D. trick诡计。根据下文“makes people smile and encourages cheerful conversations between the staff and passengers.”可知，她的出现总是让人们微笑。故选A项。 【49题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：娜拉戴着一个有详细信息的项圈，包括她的名字和主人的电话号码。A. qualifications资格；B. diaries日记；C. details细节；D. recommendations推荐。根据下文“including her name and owner’s phone number.”可知，娜拉戴着一个有详细信息的项圈。故选C项。 【50题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：安布勒说，她每天接到大约20个电话，人们告诉她他们找到了她的猫。A. found发现，找到；B. released释放；C. struck打击； D. adopted采纳。根据上文“she received around 20 calls a day”可知，人们告诉她他们找到了她的猫。故选A项。 【51题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她不得不做第二个标签，告诉人们娜拉没有迷路，只是在冒险。A. business商业；B. adventure冒险；C. exhibition展览会；D. diet饮食。根据上文“with an adventurous spirit”可知，娜拉喜欢冒险。故选B项。 【52题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：娜拉是如此受欢迎，以至于Ambler建立了一个网站页面，人们可以在上面发布他们与这只猫的相遇照片。A. looked for寻找；B. referred to指的是；C. learned from从…中学习；D. set up建立。根据下文“a website page”可知，Ambler建立了一个网站页面。故选D项。 【53题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：娜拉是如此受欢迎，以至于Ambler建立了一个网站页面，人们可以在上面发布他们与这只猫的相遇照片。A. encounters偶遇；B. fights打仗；C. quarrels争吵；D. comparisons对比。根据上文“Ambler says that she received around 20 calls a day from people telling her they ____10____ her cat.”可知，人们会偶遇娜拉。故选A项。 54题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位乘客写道:“当我坐火车去上班时，她让我很开心。A. experiences经历；B. makes制作，使得；C. explores探索者；D. examines检查。根据上文“makes people smile”可知，猫的出现让他很开心。make one’s day“使某人开心”。故选B项。 【55题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：还有人说:“娜拉绝对是斯蒂夫尼奇车站的真正名人”。A. directly直接地；B. relatively相对地；C. frequently频繁地；D. definitely确定地。根据上文可知，娜拉受到了很多人的喜欢，所以娜拉绝对是斯蒂夫尼奇车站的真正名人。故选D项。 六、（河北省保定市高碑店市崇德实验中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期末考试）语法填空 A 50-minute drive northwest of downtown Beijing, pops up a village, ___56___ houses a shadow puppetry troupe (皮影戏剧团) and a theater, Beijing Long Zaitian Shadow Puppetry Theater. Shadow puppetry___57___ (see) as the prequel (前篇) to film and animation in China. In2011, the art landed a spot on the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage List. Besides performances___58___(create) by light and shadow, performers must master multiple skills as the plays combine painting, carving, opera___59___literature. However, due to low income and a small market, few young people are willing___60___(learn) shadow puppetry. This particular troupe, however, stands out from the crowd: Average performer age is only 25. Moreover, of the 300 performers it has trained over the years, many are under 1. 4 min___61___ (high). In 2006, Wang Xi, inheritor of Beijing Western-School Shadow Puppetry, ___62___ (establish) the troupe in Beijing, and ___63___ first four very short persons joined her two years later. After a four-month training, they picked up basic performance skills and started working in the theater. In 2021, the team designed Winter Olympics-themed shadow puppets. The puppets were gifted to foreign athletes during the Games. The troupe also staged___64___(variety) plays introducing ice and snow sports through fairy tales. ”We are lucky to have these people. They have been devoted____65____the inheritance of shadow puppetry for over a decade, “Wang Xi said. 【答案】56. which 57. is seen 58. created 59. and 60. to learn 61. height 62. established 63. the 64. various##varied 65. to 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国民间古老的传统艺术——皮影戏。 【56题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：从北京市中心向西北方向开车50分钟，就会出现一个村庄，那里有一个皮影戏剧团和一个剧院——北京龙在天皮影戏剧院。分析句子可知，此处为关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词a village在从句中作主语成分。故填which。 【57题详解】 考查动词短语和时态语态。句意：皮影戏在中国被视为电影和动画的前传。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语be seen as“被视为”，满足句意要求，结合该句为陈述客观事实，所以为一般现在时的被动语态。故填is seen。 【58题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：除了光影创造的表演，表演者还必须掌握多种技能，因为戏剧结合了绘画、雕刻、歌剧和文学。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰performances，performances和create为被动关系，所以为过去分词形式。故填created。 【59题详解】 考查连词。句意：除了光影创造的表演，表演者还必须掌握多种技能，因为戏剧结合了绘画、雕刻、歌剧和文学。根据句意可知，此外连词and表示“和”和空前的painting, carving, opera保持并列关系。故填and。 【60题详解】 考查动词的不定式。句意：然而，由于收入低，市场小，很少有年轻人愿意学习皮影戏。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语be willing to do“情愿做某事”，所以此处为动词不定式形式。故填to learn。 【61题详解】 考查名词。句意：此外，在多年来培训的300名表演者中，许多人的身高都不到1.4米。分析句子成分可知，介词后接名词，height意为“高度”，满足句意要求。故填height。 【62题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：2006年，北京西派皮影戏传承人王希在北京创办了皮影戏团，两年后，首批4名小个子加入了她的队伍。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，由时间状语In 2006可知，此处应为一般过去时。故填established。 【63题详解】 考查定冠词。句意：2006年，北京西派皮影戏传承人王希在北京创办了皮影戏团，两年后，首批4名小个子加入了她的队伍。由空后first four可知，此处为定冠词the的填入，序数词前应接定冠词the。故填the。 【64题详解】 考查形容词。句意：剧团还通过童话介绍了各种冰雪运动。由空后plays为复数名词可知，此处为形容词various/varied“各种各样的”作定语修饰该名词。故填various/varied。 【65题详解】 考查介词。句意：十多年来，他们一直致力于皮影戏的传承。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语be devoted to“致力于”，满足句意要求，所以此处为介词to的填入。故填to。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$