精品解析：河南省郑州市中牟县2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题

中牟县2023—2024学年下学期期中考试 高中二年级 英语试题 本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分。第I卷包括第一、二部分和第三部分的第一节，第II卷包括第三部分的第二节和第四部分。考试时间120分钟，满分150分(听力成绩不计入总分)。考生应首先阅读答题卡上的文字信息， 然后在答题卡上作答，在试卷上作答无效。交卷时只交答题卡。 第Ⅰ卷 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案划在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 1. Where did the woman work before? A. In a factory. B. In an office. C. In a restaurant. 2. What are they talking about? A. The importance of learning English. B. The importance of seeing the world. C. The most important thing in English. 3. What does the woman want to do? A. Go to China. B. Learn a language. C. Take a break. 4. What made the man’s eyes red? A. Lack of sleep. B. A sad thing. C. Too much e- reading. 5. Why does the woman look tired? A. She has walked a long distance. B. She has done too much housework. C. She has played tennis after school. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6. Where are the speakers? A. At a university. B. At an office. C. At home. 7. What did the man do today? A. He attended a job interview. B. He wrote an article. C. He studied for an exam. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8. What attracts the woman most about this job? A. The pay. B. The working hours. C. The position. 9 What does the man suggest the woman do? A. Have a try. B. Change her mind. C. Look for a new chance. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 10. Why is the man going to Montreal next summer? A. To do some business. B. To attend a wedding. C. To take a course. 11. What do we know about Quebe c City? A. It is the capital of Quebec Province. B. It is far from the St. Lawrence River. C. It is the biggest city in Quebec Province. 12. What does the woman mention about Quebec City at last? A. The cold winter. B. The beautiful river. C. The ancient buildings. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 13. What season is it now? A. Fall. B. Spring. C. Summer. 14. What was the weather like this afternoon? A. Windy. B. Rainy. C. Foggy. 15. What will the weather be like this evening? A. Cold. B. Cloudy. C. Pleasant. 16. What will the daytime temperature be in the next three days? A. About 40 degrees. B. About 50 degrees. C. About 60 degrees. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 17. When did the man have a very bad cold? A. One year ago. B. Two years ago. C. Three years ago. 18. What does the woman think probably causes the man’s problem? A. His work. B. His pay. C. His test. 19. What is the woman going to do? A. Take medicine. B. Start a new job. C. Do further tests. 20. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At home. B. In a hospital. C. In a company. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 短文阅读(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Fantastic Fire Festivals Around the World Quema del Diablo In Central America, Quema del Diablo, or “burning of the devil (魔鬼)” takes place in Guatemala on December 7, when the devil is driven from Guatemalans’ homes and chased into the streets. By holding firework displays, bonfires (篝火), and burning devil statues, locals believe they are ridding themselves of bad spirits. Guy Fawkes Night The most famous fire ceremony of all happens in England. Guy Fawkes Night, also known as Bonfire Night, is held on November 5 and goes back all the way to 1605. The most famous and biggest celebration is in Lewes in Sussex, also known as the bonfire capital of the world. Whole streets are shut down and tens of thousands of people take to the streets to watch parades (游行) . Fire and Snow Festival In mid-February every year, the Fire and Snow Festival lights the district of Kakunodate in Japan. Originally, this festival had its roots in a purification ceremony, when farming communities would try to rid the bad spirits. The festival is now more of a community event. A sweet cake is served up there. At the peak of the festival, participants light a basketball-sized rice straw ball that’s attached to a rope and keep it spinning above their heads. Jeongwol Daeboreum Deulbli Festival Another fire celebration taking place in February is the Jeongwol Daeboreum Deulbli Festival in South Korea, which takes place on the island of Jeju. Although the festival is fairly new, having only been around for two decades, it goes back centuries to when local families would keep cows. To maintain the grass, farmers would set fire to the mountains to destroy old grass and kill harmful insects. Now, a hilltop is set a light to pray for health and a good harvest in the coming year — as well as a torchlight march, rock lifting, and a straw rope making competition. 1. Where is the bonfire capital of the world? A. In Japan. B. In England. C. In South Korea. D. In Central America. 2. What is the original purpose of the Fire and Snow Festival? A. To drive away bad spirits. B. To celebrate a good harvest. C. To get precious fire for farming. D. To promote different ballgames. 3. What do the last two festivals have in common? A. Sweet cakes a reserved up there. B. There are insects producing light. C. They are held in the same month. D. They feature various competitions. B Three astronauts stationed in China’s Tiangong space station are preparing for their return trip in the middle of April, packing up personal items, experimental products and other materials, putting equipment into place and exercising to prepare their bodies for Earth’s gravity. The astronauts, Tang Hongbo, Tang Shengjie and Jiang Xinlin, have to tidy up a large number of materials, including goods on the Tianzhou 6 cargo spacecraft, said Zhong Weiwei, an associate researcher at the China Astronaut Research and Training Center. Living in space about six months, a new record in China’s history, they have completed more than 20 scientific tasks and will bring back samples with them, according to Zhong. He said the astronauts have to put all equipment in place since there will be a gap of over half a month before the astronauts of Shenzhou XVIII enter the space station. The physical conditions and psychological states of the three astronauts are better than expected, meeting the requirements for a return trip, said the associate researcher from the center’s aerospace medical engineering office. Based on their in- orbit physical examinations and data experts have adjusted exercise plans for them to keep fitness in order to ensure a safe landing, Zhong said. The Shenzhou XVII mission was launched on Oct 26 by a Long March 2F carrier rocket that launched from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in northwestern China’s Gobi Desert, with the crew soon entering the Tiangong station. Besides their tasks, the crew of Shenzhou XVII paid New Year greetings to the Chinese nation on China’s space station on February 9, 2024. 4. What record did the three astronauts make in China’s history? A. They have stayed in space about half a year. B. They have adjusted their plan to keep fitness. C. They have made two live lectures from space. D. They have finished twenty scientific missions. 5. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? A. The astronauts adjusted their exercise plans due to the delayed return. B. The astronauts have already arranged all equipment in the right place. C. When the Lunar New Year came, they greet the whole nation in space. D. The astronauts merely need to keep physically healthy before returning. 6. What can we infer from the passage? A. Tianzhou 6 cargo spacecraft will be abandoned. B. Shenzhou X VIII will be launched in late April. C. The three astronauts may stay in space until May. D. Tianzhou 7 cargo spacecraft will take off in 2025. 7. What’s the best title of the passage? A. Successful returning from space. B. Welcome the next space astronauts. C. Great achievements of astronauts. D. Preparations for returning the Earth. C Eating too much fat contributes to the risk of stroke (中风) and other heart diseases. However, it’s the type of fat, not the amount, that appears to be more important when it comes to stroke. Eating plant-based fats lowers stroke risk, according to a study presentation given at the American Heart Association Scientific Sessions 2021. The study, which hasn’t yet been proved by other researchers, found people who ate the most vegetable- based fats were 12% less likely to experience a stroke compared to those who ate the least. On the other hand, people who ate the highest levels of animal- based saturated(饱和的) fats were16% more likely to experience a stroke than those who ate the least fats of that kind. The findings show the type and different food sources of fat are more important than the total amount of fat in preventing certain diseases, including stroke. “You need fat to survive. Fat helps your body absorb vitamins from foods, build cells, give you energy and keep you warm. But it’s the unsaturated fats that come from vegetables, nuts and fatty fish that can lower your cholesterol(胆固醇) level and help keep you healthy. Saturated fats are generally not as healthy, which mainly come from red and processed meat,” said Dr. Frank Hu, one of the authors of the study. A proper reduction in red and processed meat consumption with a healthy eating pattern can reduce total death rate by 13%, heart disease death by 14%, cancer death by 11% and Type 2 Diabetes risk by 24%, according to the study. Interestingly, dairy fat was not associated with a higher risk of stroke, the study found. There has been an ongoing debate among researchers as to the role of dairy. The diet guide- lines for Americans call for three servings of low- and no- fat dairy each day. 8. How does the author mainly develop Paragraph 2? A By providing examples. B. By analyzing causes and effects. C. By making comparisons. D. By following the order of time. 9 Which kind of food doesn’t contain unsaturated fats based on Paragraph 3? A. Corn. B. Beans. C. Nuts. D. Beef. 10. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. Stroke is concerned with the type of fat. B. People should not eat meat to keep healthy. C. Fat plays an important role in people’s life. D. Americans need three servings of dairy daily. 11. Which section of a newspaper does the text probably come from? A. Culture. B. Health. C. Modern. D. Character. D A new form of real estate (不动产) is appearing along the beaches of South Africa and on the dry islands off its coast - tiny white beach huts. With good conditions and a sea view, they are just big enough to fit a family of African penguins. Their unique selling point: a safe and cool place for penguins to breed (繁殖). African penguins, unlike their relatives that live in snow and ice, live well in the cold currents of the South Atlantic Ocean. But when they come to land, their thick black coat absorbs the heat, and they desperately look for cover-both for themselves and their fragile eggs. Historically, the penguins dug holes in layers of guano (鸟粪) that lined Africa’s penguin colonies, but in the 19th century, traders started selling guano as fertilizer (肥料), leaving the penguins and their eggs increasingly exposed to natural enemies and the baking sun. This, combined with other threats such as egg poaching, overfishing and climate change, has caused African penguin populations to plummet. In 2019, they were thought to be less than 20,000 breeding pairs, down from an estimated 1.5 to 3 million birds in1900. For more than a decade, the species has been listed as endangered by the IUCN. By far, the African Penguin Nest Project has built more than 1,500 nests across five of South Africa’s penguin colonies, and plans to expand into Namibia next year, the only other country with breeding populations of the species. “This is still just a drop in the bucket,” says Graham, who anticipates they will need to set up at least 4,500 more ceramic homes to protect penguins currently nesting in exposed areas.“ The goal is that every penguin that needsa nest will get one.” 12. Why has so many beach huts been built based on the text? A. To beautify the beach. B. To conduct research. C. To shelter the penguins. D. To balance the ecology. 13. How many factors affect the penguin population to decrease from the text? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six. 14. What does the underlined word “plummet” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Decline. B. Increase. C. Extinct. D. Interrupt. 15. Which column may the text appear in a newspaper? A. Culture. B. History. C. Technology. D. Environment. 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Reduce Food Waste Food waste is a huge problem in many countries. The good news is: Each of us can help solve it. ____16____. Make a plan ____17____, think about exactly what you need for the week, make a list and then stick to it. Actually, more often we throw things in the shopping cart that sound good or look new, and then we let them sit in the back of the fridge for a few weeks. Get creative with repurposing food Before walking straight to the garbage with your old carrots or cabbages, ask yourself:____18____? The answer is probably yes. You don’t need to follow any difficult recipes (to turn older produce into a fresh new dish by watching videos online). Don’t forget your fridge If you realize that you won’t be able to use food before it’s too late, turn to the trusty fridge.____19____? Your bread, your vegetables, your fruits-even your milk! Freezing food helps keep its taste and nutrients(营养). Don’t be fooled by that “sell by” date Generally speaking, these labels are a best guess by producers as to when their products will be freshest. They’re not fixed rules about when that cheese has to go straight to the trashcan.____20____. The next time you do a sweep of your kitchen, remember that these dates are just guidelines. When in doubt, do a smell test. If it doesn’t pass, you can just bury them in your garden to make the soil rich. A. Before shopping for groceries B. Freeze whatever you’ve purchased C. Can I make these into something new D. However, that’s exactly what many of us do E. Can you create something useful out of them F. Did you know you can freeze almost anything G. Here are four simple ways to reduce your food waste 第三部分 英语语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Zong Qinghou,____21____ of Wahaha Group, passed away on February 25, 2024, at the age of 79. He was once a national model worker, a winner of the National May Day Labor Medal, and among 100 ____22____ private entrepreneurs (企业家) in the 40 years of reforming and opening up. In 1987, at his age of 42, Mr. Zong started his Wahaha business. After many years of operation, Wahaha had ____23____ grown into a huge food and beverage (饮料) empire, ranking the fourth largest beverage company behind only international giants Coca Cola, Pepsi and Cadbury. He himself also had been China’s richest man three times. At the beginning of his____24____, he often worked for himself, riding a tricycle to ____25____goods. After his success, he traveled all over the country, spending 200 days a year doing serious market research. He lived a ____26____ life. Often wearing a black dress, and a pair of cloth shoes worth no more than dozens of yuan, he was called“ the richest with cloth shoes”. He was ____27____ about public welfare, and made large ____28____ for earthquake relief. Since 2009, he had donated more than 750 million yuan to charities, and built factories in poor areas to ____29____ local employment. Over the years, Wahaha Group has also been ______30______ free experimental pure water for universities and research institutes across the country. He was still ______31______ about the employees over these years. He ruled that the company should not ______32______employees over the age of 45.______33______, he also built them apartments and gave them benefits to ______34______ their lives. Such was Zong Qinghou, a simple but ______35______ man. He will live in our hearts forever. 21. A. applicant B. founder C. designer D. specialist 22. A. brilliant B. optimistic C. outstanding D. sensitive 23. A. gradually B. eventually C. immediately D. frequently 24. A. contest B. research C. construction D. business 25. A. deliver B. produce C. advertise D. examine 26. A. happy B. tough C. simple D. mean 27. A. curious B. enthusiastic C. optimistic D. serious 28. A. donations B. promises C. decisions D. profits 29. A. restore B. predict C. boost D. reward 30. A. selling B. leaving C. bringing D. providing 31. A. concerned B. nervous C. hopeful D. particular 32. A. go off B. lay off C. give off D. shave off 33. A. Anyhow B. Otherwise C. Therefore D. Moreover 34. A. treasure B. improve C. spend D. enjoy 35. A. famous B. reliable C. great D. dynamic 第II卷 第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Laba Festival There are different ___36___ (version) about the origins of the Laba Festival, but one of ___37___ (widespread) is about Yue Fei during the South Song dynasty(1103-1142). During that year, Yue Fei and his army ___38___ (fight) against Jin Wuzhu’s army in Zhuxian town, ___39___ it was just in the severe winter, ___40___ (freeze) cold and Yue’s army was starving. Knowing that, ___41___ local people served porridge immediately, and Yue’s army were ___42___ ( great) inspired. After that, the warm, physical strength recovered, and they won a complete victory, ___43___ (defeat) Jin Wuzhu and his army. It was the eighth day of the ___44___ (twelve) month of the lunar calendar. In order to memorize the bravery of Yue Fei and Yue’s army, people cooked porridge ____45____ the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month, which gradually became a custom. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 应用文写作(共1小题，满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，本周六下午你学校将安排学生参观中牟农耕文化博物馆（Zhongmu Farming Culture Museum）。请你以学生会的名义写一篇通知。 内容包括： 1. 出行安排；2. 参观过程；3. 注意事项。 注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 An announcement Fellow students, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Students’ Union 第二节 读后续写(共1题，满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When I was 11, I followed Jack to the deep mountain in search of a beautiful stream. We searched for a whole day, but we didn’t find it. As it got dark, I asked Jack to go back, but he refused and said, “I would rather sleep here tonight and continue to search tomorrow!” I desired to go home but I didn’t go back alone, so I chose to stay in a small cave with him. It was freezing cold in the cave and we couldn’t have a good sleep. What’s worse, we heard a wolf howling nearby! I was so scared and began to cry. “I heard that wolves were afraid of the brave,” Jack comforted me. “Let’s strike the stick and shout to scare it away!” He started to strike the stick. And then he shouted as he struck the stick. Inspired, I stopped crying and started shouting loudly. Half an hour later, my stomach began to ache and then I collapsed. Jack was shocked with panic. He called my name screamingly, but I just made no response. He tried to put me on his back to carry me home but failed. At last, he went out and found some tree branches and blocked up the entrance to our cave. Then, he ran to the direction of our village as fast as he could. Quite a long time had passed before I heard some sounds approaching near. I thought it was Jack but I didn’t hear him saying anything. In a shock, I sat up with a rush. At that moment, my eyes had adjusted to the darkness. Through the branches, I saw two animals like dogs removing the tree branches with their mouths and claws. They were wolves! 注意： 1. 续写词数应为140左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: Their shining green eyes in the darkness trapped me into deep fear ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: All of a sudden, I saw the two wolves turn around and run away in a hurry. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 中牟县2023—2024学年下学期期中考试 高中二年级 英语试题 本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分。第I卷包括第一、二部分和第三部分的第一节，第II卷包括第三部分的第二节和第四部分。考试时间120分钟，满分150分(听力成绩不计入总分)。考生应首先阅读答题卡上的文字信息， 然后在答题卡上作答，在试卷上作答无效。交卷时只交答题卡。 第Ⅰ卷 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案划在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 1. Where did the woman work before? A. In a factory. B. In an office. C. In a restaurant. 2. What are they talking about? A. The importance of learning English. B. The importance of seeing the world. C. The most important thing in English. 3. What does the woman want to do? A. Go to China. B. Learn a language. C. Take a break. 4. What made the man’s eyes red? A. Lack of sleep. B. A sad thing. C. Too much e- reading. 5. Why does the woman look tired? A. She has walked a long distance. B. She has done too much housework. C. She has played tennis after school. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6. Where are the speakers? A. At a university. B. At an office. C. At home. 7. What did the man do today? A. He attended a job interview. B. He wrote an article. C. He studied for an exam. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8. What attracts the woman most about this job? A. The pay. B. The working hours. C. The position. 9. What does the man suggest the woman do? A. Have a try. B. Change her mind. C. Look for a new chance. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 10. Why is the man going to Montreal next summer? A. To do some business. B. To attend a wedding. C. To take a course. 11. What do we know about Quebe c City? A. It is the capital of Quebec Province. B. It is far from the St. Lawrence River. C. It is the biggest city in Quebec Province. 12. What does the woman mention about Quebec City at last? A. The cold winter. B. The beautiful river. C. The ancient buildings. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 13. What season is it now? A. Fall. B. Spring. C. Summer. 14. What was the weather like this afternoon? A. Windy. B. Rainy. C. Foggy. 15. What will the weather be like this evening? A. Cold. B. Cloudy. C. Pleasant. 16. What will the daytime temperature be in the next three days? A. About 40 degrees. B. About 50 degrees. C. About 60 degrees. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 17. When did the man have a very bad cold? A. One year ago. B. Two years ago. C. Three years ago. 18. What does the woman think probably causes the man’s problem? A. His work. B. His pay. C. His test. 19. What is the woman going to do? A. Take medicine. B. Start a new job. C. Do further tests. 20. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At home. B. In a hospital. C. In a company. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 短文阅读(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Fantastic Fire Festivals Around the World Quema del Diablo In Central America, Quema del Diablo, or “burning of the devil (魔鬼)” takes place in Guatemala on December 7, when the devil is driven from Guatemalans’ homes and chased into the streets. By holding firework displays, bonfires (篝火), and burning devil statues, locals believe they are ridding themselves of bad spirits. Guy Fawkes Night The most famous fire ceremony of all happens in England. Guy Fawkes Night, also known as Bonfire Night, is held on November 5 and goes back all the way to 1605. The most famous and biggest celebration is in Lewes in Sussex, also known as the bonfire capital of the world. Whole streets are shut down and tens of thousands of people take to the streets to watch parades (游行) . Fire and Snow Festival In mid-February every year, the Fire and Snow Festival lights the district of Kakunodate in Japan. Originally, this festival had its roots in a purification ceremony, when farming communities would try to rid the bad spirits. The festival is now more of a community event. A sweet cake is served up there. At the peak of the festival, participants light a basketball-sized rice straw ball that’s attached to a rope and keep it spinning above their heads. Jeongwol Daeboreum Deulbli Festival Another fire celebration taking place in February is the Jeongwol Daeboreum Deulbli Festival in South Korea, which takes place on the island of Jeju. Although the festival is fairly new, having only been around for two decades, it goes back centuries to when local families would keep cows. To maintain the grass, farmers would set fire to the mountains to destroy old grass and kill harmful insects. Now, a hilltop is set a light to pray for health and a good harvest in the coming year — as well as a torchlight march, rock lifting, and a straw rope making competition. 1. Where is the bonfire capital of the world? A. In Japan. B. In England. C. In South Korea. D. In Central America. 2. What is the original purpose of the Fire and Snow Festival? A. To drive away bad spirits. B. To celebrate a good harvest. C. To get precious fire for farming. D. To promote different ballgames. 3. What do the last two festivals have in common? A. Sweet cakes a reserved up there. B. There are insects producing light. C. They are held in the same month. D. They feature various competitions. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个以火著称的节日的相关信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Guy Fawkes Night部分的“The most famous fire ceremony of all happens in England. Guy Fawkes Night, also known as Bonfire Night, is held on November 5 and goes back all the way to 1605. The most famous and biggest celebration is in Lewes in Sussex, also known as the bonfire capital of the world.(最著名的篝火仪式发生在英国。盖伊·福克斯之夜，也被称为篝火之夜，在11月5日举行，可以追溯到1605年。最著名、规模最大的庆祝活动是在苏塞克斯郡的刘易斯，也被称为世界篝火之都)”可知，世界的篝火之都在英国。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Fire and Snow Festival部分的“Originally, this festival had its roots in a purification ceremony, when farming communities would try to rid the bad spirits.(最初，这个节日起源于一个净化仪式，在这个仪式上，农业社区会试图赶走邪灵)”可知，这一节日的最初目的是为了驱赶邪灵。故选A。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Fire and Snow Festival部分的“In mid-February every year, the Fire and Snow Festival lights the district of Kakunodate in Japan.(每年2月中旬，日本的角馆区都会举行“冰火节”)”和Jeongwol Daeboreum Deulbli Festival部分的“Another fire celebration taking place in February is the Jeongwol Daeboreum Deulbli Festival in South Korea, which takes place on the island of Jeju.(另一个在2月举行的篝火庆祝活动是在韩国济州岛举行的正月祭)”可知，这两个节日的时间都是在二月份。故选C。 B Three astronauts stationed in China’s Tiangong space station are preparing for their return trip in the middle of April, packing up personal items, experimental products and other materials, putting equipment into place and exercising to prepare their bodies for Earth’s gravity. The astronauts, Tang Hongbo, Tang Shengjie and Jiang Xinlin, have to tidy up a large number of materials, including goods on the Tianzhou 6 cargo spacecraft, said Zhong Weiwei, an associate researcher at the China Astronaut Research and Training Center. Living in space about six months, a new record in China’s history, they have completed more than 20 scientific tasks and will bring back samples with them, according to Zhong. He said the astronauts have to put all equipment in place since there will be a gap of over half a month before the astronauts of Shenzhou XVIII enter the space station. The physical conditions and psychological states of the three astronauts are better than expected, meeting the requirements for a return trip, said the associate researcher from the center’s aerospace medical engineering office. Based on their in- orbit physical examinations and data, experts have adjusted exercise plans for them to keep fitness in order to ensure a safe landing, Zhong said. The Shenzhou XVII mission was launched on Oct 26 by a Long March 2F carrier rocket that launched from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in northwestern China’s Gobi Desert, with the crew soon entering the Tiangong station. Besides their tasks, the crew of Shenzhou XVII paid New Year greetings to the Chinese nation on China’s space station on February 9, 2024. 4. What record did the three astronauts make in China’s history? A. They have stayed in space about half a year. B. They have adjusted their plan to keep fitness. C. They have made two live lectures from space. D. They have finished twenty scientific missions. 5. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? A. The astronauts adjusted their exercise plans due to the delayed return. B. The astronauts have already arranged all equipment in the right place. C. When the Lunar New Year came, they greet the whole nation in space. D. The astronauts merely need to keep physically healthy before returning. 6. What can we infer from the passage? A. Tianzhou 6 cargo spacecraft will be abandoned. B. Shenzhou X VIII will be launched in late April. C. The three astronauts may stay in space until May. D. Tianzhou 7 cargo spacecraft will take off in 2025. 7. What’s the best title of the passage? A. Successful returning from space. B. Welcome the next space astronauts. C. Great achievements of astronauts. D. Preparations for returning the Earth. 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. B 7. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国三名宇航员准备返回地球，正在作相关的准备工作。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Living in space about six months, a new record in China’s history, they have completed more than 20 scientific tasks and will bring back samples with them, according to Zhong.(据钟介绍，他们在太空中生活了大约六个月，这是中国历史上的新纪录，他们已经完成了20多项科学任务，并将带回样本)”可知，这三位宇航员在太空呆了大约半年，创造了记录。故选A。 5题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Besides their tasks, the crew of Shenzhou XVII paid New Year greetings to the Chinese nation on China’s space station on February 9, 2024.(除了他们的任务，2024年2月9日，神舟十七号机组人员还在中国空间站向中华民族拜年)”可知，C选项“当农历新年到来的时候，他们在太空向全国人民问好”正确。故选C。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Three astronauts stationed in China’s Tiangong space station are preparing for their return trip in the middle of April, packing up personal items, experimental products and other materials, putting equipment into place and exercising to prepare their bodies for Earth’s gravity.(驻扎在中国天宫空间站的三名宇航员正在为4月中旬的返程做准备，他们正在打包个人物品、实验产品和其他材料，将设备安置到位，并进行锻炼，为身体适应地球引力做好准备)”可推知，4月中旬在做准备，即神舟十八将于4月下旬发射。故选B。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Three astronauts stationed in China’s Tiangong space station are preparing for their return trip in the middle of April, packing up personal items, experimental products and other materials, putting equipment into place and exercising to prepare their bodies for Earth’s gravity.(驻扎在中国天宫空间站的三名宇航员正在为4月中旬的返程做准备，他们正在打包个人物品、实验产品和其他材料，将设备安置到位，并进行锻炼，为身体适应地球引力做好准备)”结合文章主要介绍了中国三名宇航员准备返回地球，正在作相关的准备工作。可知，D选项“准备返回地球”最符合文章标题。故选D。 C Eating too much fat contributes to the risk of stroke (中风) and other heart diseases. However, it’s the type of fat, not the amount, that appears to be more important when it comes to stroke. Eating plant-based fats lowers stroke risk, according to a study presentation given at the American Heart Association Scientific Sessions 2021. The study, which hasn’t yet been proved by other researchers, found people who ate the most vegetable- based fats were 12% less likely to experience a stroke compared to those who ate the least. On the other hand, people who ate the highest levels of animal- based saturated(饱和的) fats were16% more likely to experience a stroke than those who ate the least fats of that kind. The findings show the type and different food sources of fat are more important than the total amount of fat in preventing certain diseases, including stroke. “You need fat to survive. Fat helps your body absorb vitamins from foods, build cells, give you energy and keep you warm. But it’s the unsaturated fats that come from vegetables, nuts and fatty fish that can lower your cholesterol(胆固醇) level and help keep you healthy. Saturated fats are generally not as healthy, which mainly come from red and processed meat,” said Dr. Frank Hu, one of the authors of the study. A proper reduction in red and processed meat consumption with a healthy eating pattern can reduce total death rate by 13%, heart disease death by 14%, cancer death by 11% and Type 2 Diabetes risk by 24%, according to the study. Interestingly, dairy fat was not associated with a higher risk of stroke, the study found. There has been an ongoing debate among researchers as to the role of dairy. The diet guide- lines for Americans call for three servings of low- and no- fat dairy each day. 8. How does the author mainly develop Paragraph 2? A. By providing examples. B. By analyzing causes and effects. C. By making comparisons. D. By following the order of time. 9. Which kind of food doesn’t contain unsaturated fats based on Paragraph 3? A. Corn. B. Beans. C. Nuts. D. Beef. 10. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. Stroke is concerned with the type of fat. B. People should not eat meat to keep healthy. C. Fat plays an important role in people’s life. D. Americans need three servings of dairy daily. 11. Which section of a newspaper does the text probably come from? A. Culture. B. Health. C. Modern. D. Character. 【答案】8. C 9. D 10. A 11. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。一项研究发现，摄入脂肪的种类，而不是数量，对于罹患中风有重要的影响。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“The study, which hasn’t yet been proved by other researchers, found people who ate the most vegetable-based fats were 12% less likely to experience a stroke compared to those who ate the least. On the other hand, people who ate the highest levels of animal-based saturated (饱和的) fats were 16% more likely to experience a stroke than those who ate the least fats of that kind.(这项尚未得到其他研究人员证实的研究发现，食用最多植物性脂肪的人比食用最少植物性脂肪的人患中风的可能性低12%。另一方面，食用动物性饱和脂肪含量最高的人比食用同类脂肪最少的人患中风的可能性高16%)”可推知，第二段通过作比较来展开。故选C。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“But it’s the unsaturated fats that come from vegetables, nuts and fatty fish that can lower your cholesterol (胆固醇) level and help keep you healthy.(但是来自蔬菜、坚果和富含脂肪的鱼类的不饱和脂肪可以降低你的胆固醇水平，帮助你保持健康)”可知，植物、坚果和富含脂肪的鱼类中有不饱和脂肪，牛肉不属于这一范围。故选D。 【10题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Eating too much fat contributes to the risk of stroke (中风) and other heart diseases. However, it’s the type of fat, not the amount, that appears to be more important when it comes to stroke. Eating plant-based fats lowers stroke risk, according to a study presentation given at the American Heart Association Scientific Sessions 2021.(摄入过多的脂肪会增加患中风和其他心脏病的风险。然而，在中风方面，脂肪的类型，而不是数量，似乎更重要。根据2021年美国心脏协会科学会议上发表的一项研究报告，食用植物性脂肪可以降低中风风险)”结合文章说明了一项研究发现，摄入脂肪的种类，而不是数量，对于罹患中风有重要的影响。即中风与脂肪类型有关。故选A。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“However, it’s the type of fat, not the amount, that appears to be more important when it comes to stroke.(然而，在中风方面，脂肪的类型，而不是数量，似乎更重要)”可知，本文为健康类科普文，可能选自报纸的健康版块。故选B。 D A new form of real estate (不动产) is appearing along the beaches of South Africa and on the dry islands off its coast - tiny white beach huts. With good conditions and a sea view, they are just big enough to fit a family of African penguins. Their unique selling point: a safe and cool place for penguins to breed (繁殖). African penguins, unlike their relatives that live in snow and ice, live well in the cold currents of the South Atlantic Ocean. But when they come to land, their thick black coat absorbs the heat, and they desperately look for cover-both for themselves and their fragile eggs. Historically, the penguins dug holes in layers of guano (鸟粪) that lined Africa’s penguin colonies, but in the 19th century, traders started selling guano as fertilizer (肥料), leaving the penguins and their eggs increasingly exposed to natural enemies and the baking sun. This, combined with other threats such as egg poaching, overfishing and climate change, has caused African penguin populations to plummet. In 2019, they were thought to be less than 20,000 breeding pairs, down from an estimated 1.5 to 3 million birds in1900. For more than a decade, the species has been listed as endangered by the IUCN. By far, the African Penguin Nest Project has built more than 1,500 nests across five of South Africa’s penguin colonies, and plans to expand into Namibia next year, the only other country with breeding populations of the species. “This is still just a drop in the bucket,” says Graham, who anticipates they will need to set up at least 4,500 more ceramic homes to protect penguins currently nesting in exposed areas.“ The goal is that every penguin that needsa nest will get one.” 12. Why has so many beach huts been built based on the text? A. To beautify the beach. B. To conduct research. C. To shelter the penguins. D. To balance the ecology. 13. How many factors affect the penguin population to decrease from the text? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six. 14. What does the underlined word “plummet” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Decline. B. Increase. C. Extinct. D. Interrupt. 15. Which column may the text appear in a newspaper? A. Culture. B. History. C. Technology. D. Environment. 【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍一种新的房地产形式出现在南非的海滩和沿海干燥的岛屿上——白色的沙滩小屋。这些小屋为非洲企鹅提供了一个安全且凉爽的繁殖场所。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“With good conditions and a sea view, they are just big enough to fit a family of African penguins. Their unique selling point: a safe and cool place for penguins to breed (繁殖). (有了良好的环境和海景，它们刚好能容纳一个非洲企鹅家庭。它们独特的卖点是：一个安全凉爽的地方供企鹅繁殖。)”可知，建这么多的海滩小屋是为了给企鹅繁殖提供安全凉爽的地方，故选C。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Historically, the penguins dug holes in layers of guano (鸟粪) that lined Africa’s penguin colonies, but in the 19th century, traders started selling guano as fertilizer (肥料), leaving the penguins and their eggs increasingly exposed to natural enemies and the baking sun. This, combined with other threats such as egg poaching, overfishing and climate change, has caused African penguin populations to plummet. (从历史上看，企鹅在非洲企鹅聚居区的鸟粪层中挖洞，但在19世纪，商人开始出售鸟粪作为肥料，使企鹅和它们的蛋越来越多地暴露在天敌和烈日下。再加上偷猎蛋、过度捕捞和气候变化等其他威胁，导致非洲企鹅数量急剧下降。)”可知，影响企鹅数量的因素有四个：商人们开始出售鸟粪作为肥料、偷猎蛋、过度捕捞和气候变化，故选B。 【14题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词所在段落“Historically, the penguins dug holes in layers of guano (鸟粪) that lined Africa’s penguin colonies, but in the 19th century, traders started selling guano as fertilizer (肥料), leaving the penguins and their eggs increasingly exposed to natural enemies and the baking sun. This, combined with other threats such as egg poaching, overfishing and climate change, has caused African penguin populations to plummet. (从历史上看，企鹅在非洲企鹅聚居区的鸟粪层中挖洞，但在19世纪，商人开始出售鸟粪作为肥料，使企鹅和它们的蛋越来越多地暴露在天敌和烈日下。再加上偷猎蛋、过度捕捞和气候变化等其他威胁，导致非洲企鹅数量 。)” 可知，由于商人们开始出售鸟粪作为肥料、偷猎蛋、过度捕捞和气候变化的因素影响，导致企鹅的数量是在急剧下降的。A选项“Decline (下降)”与划线词为同义词。故选A。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其第一段“A new form of real estate (不动产) is appearing along the beaches of South Africa and on the dry islands off its coast - tiny white beach huts. With good conditions and a sea view, they are just big enough to fit a family of African penguins. Their unique selling point: a safe and cool place for penguins to breed (繁殖). (一种新的房地产形式出现在南非的海滩和沿海干燥的岛屿上——白色的沙滩小屋。有了良好的环境和海景，它们刚好能容纳一个非洲企鹅家庭。它们独特的卖点是：一个安全凉爽的地方供企鹅繁殖。)” 可知，介绍一种新的房地产形式出现在南非的海滩和沿海干燥的岛屿上——白色的沙滩小屋，这些小屋为非洲企鹅提供了一个安全且凉爽的繁殖环境。由此推断文章可能出现在报纸环境专栏中。故选D。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Reduce Food Waste Food waste is a huge problem in many countries. The good news is: Each of us can help solve it. ____16____. Make a plan ____17____, think about exactly what you need for the week, make a list and then stick to it. Actually, more often we throw things in the shopping cart that sound good or look new, and then we let them sit in the back of the fridge for a few weeks. Get creative with repurposing food Before walking straight to the garbage with your old carrots or cabbages, ask yourself:____18____? The answer is probably yes. You don’t need to follow any difficult recipes (to turn older produce into a fresh new dish by watching videos online). Don’t forget your fridge If you realize that you won’t be able to use food before it’s too late, turn to the trusty fridge.____19____? Your bread, your vegetables, your fruits-even your milk! Freezing food helps keep its taste and nutrients(营养). Don’t be fooled by that “sell by” date Generally speaking, these labels are a best guess by producers as to when their products will be freshest. They’re not fixed rules about when that cheese has to go straight to the trashcan.____20____. The next time you do a sweep of your kitchen, remember that these dates are just guidelines. When in doubt, do a smell test. If it doesn’t pass, you can just bury them in your garden to make the soil rich. A. Before shopping for groceries B. Freeze whatever you’ve purchased C. Can I make these into something new D. However that’s exactly what many of us do E. Can you create something useful out of them F. Did you know you can freeze almost anything G. Here are four simple ways to reduce your food waste 【答案】16. G 17. A 18. C 19. F 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了减少食物浪费的四种方法。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Food waste is a huge problem in many countries. The good news is: Each of us can help solve it.(食物浪费在很多国家是一个大问题。好消息是：我们每个人都能帮忙解决它)”，可以推断出此处要引出减少食物浪费的方法，与G项“Here are four simple ways to reduce your food waste (这里有四种减少食物浪费的简单方法)”表达的含义一致，故选G项。 【17题详解】 根据下文“think about exactly what you need for the week, make a list and then stick to it.(仔细思考你这一周确切需要什么，列一个清单然后严格执行)” 可知下文说的是要仔细思考你这一周确切需要什么，列一个清单然后严格执行，可推理出此处说的是在购物之前要做好准备工作，与A项“Before shopping for groceries (在购买食品杂货之前)”表达的意思一致，故选A项。 【18题详解】 根据上文“Before walking straight to the garbage with your old carrots or cabbages, ask yourself:(在直接把你的旧胡萝卜或者卷心菜扔进垃圾桶之前，问问你自己)” 以及下文“The answer is probably yes. You don’t need to follow any difficult recipes (to turn older produce into a fresh new dish by watching videos online).(答案可能是肯定的。你不需要遵循任何复杂的食谱（通过在线观看视频把旧的农产品变成新鲜的新菜肴）)” 可知此处说的是把这些即将扔掉的食物变成新的东西，与C项“Can I make these into something new (我能把这些做成新的东西吗)” 表达的含义一致，故选C项。 【19题详解】 根据下文“Your bread, your vegetables, your fruits - even your milk! Freezing food helps keep its taste and nutrients (营养).(你的面包、你的蔬菜、你的水果——甚至你的牛奶！冷冻食物有助于保持其味道和营养)”可知此处说的是很多东西都可以冷冻，与F项“Did you know you can freeze almost anything (你知道你几乎可以冷冻任何东西吗)”表达的含义一致，故选F项。 【20题详解】 根据下文“These labels are a best guess by producers as to when their products will be freshest. They’re not fixed rules about when that cheese has to go straight to the trashcan(这些标签是生产商对产品何时最新鲜的最佳猜测。它们不是关于奶酪必须直接扔进垃圾桶的固定规则)”以及“The next time you do a sweep of your kitchen, remember that these dates are just guidelines. When in doubt, do a smell test. If it doesn’t pass, you can just bury them in your garden to make the soil rich(你下次打扫厨房时，记住这些日期只是指导。如果有疑问，做一下闻味测试。如果不行，你可以把它们埋在花园里让土壤更肥沃)”可知，作者在强调不要被“保质期”标签误导，与D项“However, that’s exactly what many of us do(然而，这正是我们许多人的做法)”表达的含义一致，故选D项。 第三部分 英语语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Zong Qinghou,____21____ of Wahaha Group, passed away on February 25, 2024, at the age of 79. He was once a national model worker, a winner of the National May Day Labor Medal, and among 100 ____22____ private entrepreneurs (企业家) in the 40 years of reforming and opening up. In 1987, at his age of 42, Mr. Zong started his Wahaha business. After many years of operation, Wahaha had ____23____ grown into a huge food and beverage (饮料) empire, ranking the fourth largest beverage company behind only international giants Coca Cola, Pepsi and Cadbury. He himself also had been China’s richest man three times. At the beginning of his____24____, he often worked for himself, riding a tricycle to ____25____goods. After his success, he traveled all over the country, spending 200 days a year doing serious market research. He lived a ____26____ life. Often wearing a black dress, and a pair of cloth shoes worth no more than dozens of yuan, he was called“ the richest with cloth shoes”. He was ____27____ about public welfare, and made large ____28____ for earthquake relief. Since 2009, he had donated more than 750 million yuan to charities, and built factories in poor areas to ____29____ local employment. Over the years, Wahaha Group has also been ______30______ free experimental pure water for universities and research institutes across the country. He was still ______31______ about the employees over these years. He ruled that the company should not ______32______employees over the age of 45.______33______, he also built them apartments and gave them benefits to ______34______ their lives. Such was Zong Qinghou, a simple but ______35______ man. He will live in our hearts forever. 21. A. applicant B. founder C. designer D. specialist 22. A. brilliant B. optimistic C. outstanding D. sensitive 23. A. gradually B. eventually C. immediately D. frequently 24. A. contest B. research C. construction D. business 25. A. deliver B. produce C. advertise D. examine 26. A. happy B. tough C. simple D. mean 27. A. curious B. enthusiastic C. optimistic D. serious 28. A. donations B. promises C. decisions D. profits 29. A. restore B. predict C. boost D. reward 30. A. selling B. leaving C. bringing D. providing 31. A. concerned B. nervous C. hopeful D. particular 32. A. go off B. lay off C. give off D. shave off 33. A. Anyhow B. Otherwise C. Therefore D. Moreover 34. A. treasure B. improve C. spend D. enjoy 35. A. famous B. reliable C. great D. dynamic 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了娃哈哈集团创始人宗庆后以及创建公司的故事。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：娃哈哈集团创始人宗庆后于2024年2月25日逝世，享年79岁。A. applicant申请人；B. founder创始人；C. designer设计师；D. specialist专家。根据下文“In 1987, at his age of 42, Mr. Zong started his Wahaha business.”可知1987年，42岁的宗庆后创办了娃哈哈，说明宗庆后是娃哈哈集团的创始人。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他曾获全国劳动模范、全国五一劳动奖章、改革开放40年来百位优秀民营企业家。 A. brilliant聪明的；B. optimistic乐观的；C. outstanding杰出的；D. sensitive敏感的。根据下文“private entrepreneurs (企业家) in the 40 years of reforming and opening up”可知他曾是全国劳动模范、全国五一劳动奖章获得者、改革开放40年100位杰出民营企业家之一。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：经过多年的经营，娃哈哈逐渐成长为一个庞大的食品和饮料帝国，是仅次于国际巨头可口可乐、百事可乐和吉百利的第四大饮料公司。A. gradually逐渐地；B. eventually最后；C. immediately立刻；D. frequently频繁地。根据常识和下文“grown into a huge food and beverage (饮料) empire, ranking the fourth largest beverage company behind only international giants Coca Cola, Pepsi and Cadbury.”可知娃哈哈逐渐成长为一个庞大的食品和饮料帝国。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：创业初期，他经常给自己打工，骑三轮车送货。A. contest比赛；B. research研究；C. construction建设；D. business生意。根据下文“he often worked for himself, riding a tricycle to ____5____ goods.”可知他经常给自己打工，骑三轮车送货，说明这是他创业的开始。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. deliver运送；B. produce生产；C. advertise登广告；D. examine检查。根据空后“goods”可知他骑三轮车送货。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他过着简朴的生活。A. happy高兴的；B. tough艰难的；C. simple简单的；D. mean吝啬的。根据下文“Often wearing a black dress, and a pair of cloth shoes worth no more than dozens of yuan, he was called“ the richest with cloth shoes”.”可知经常穿着黑色衣服，和一双价值不超过几十元的布鞋，说明他过着简朴的生活。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他热心公益，为抗震救灾捐了很多钱。A. curious好奇的；B. enthusiastic热情的；C. optimistic乐观的；D. serious严重的。根据下文“Since 2009, he had donated more than 750 million yuan to charities, and built factories in poor areas to ____9____ local employment.”可知自2009年以来，他向慈善机构捐赠了超过7.5亿元人民币，并在贫困地区建立工厂以促进当地就业，说明他热心公益，为抗震救灾捐了很多钱。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. donations捐赠；B. promises许诺；C. decisions决定；D. profits好处。根据下文“Since 2009, he had donated more than 750 million yuan to charities, and built factories in poor areas to ____9____ local employment.”可知自2009年以来，他向慈善机构捐赠了超过7.5亿元人民币，并在贫困地区建立工厂以促进当地就业，说明他热心公益，为抗震救灾捐了很多钱。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：自2009年以来，他向慈善机构捐赠了超过7.5亿元人民币，并在贫困地区建立工厂以促进当地就业。A. restore恢复；B. predict预测；C. boost推动；D. reward奖励。根据下文“local employment”可知他在贫困地区建立工厂以促进当地就业。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：多年来，娃哈哈集团也一直为全国高校和科研院所提供免费的实验用纯净水。A. selling卖；B. leaving离开；C. bringing带来；D. providing提供。根据上文“He was ____7____ about public welfare, and made large ____8____ for earthquake relief.”可知他热心公益，为抗震救灾捐了很多钱，说明多年来，娃哈哈集团也一直为全国高校和科研院所提供免费的实验用纯净水。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些年来，他仍然关心员工。 A. concerned关心的；B. nervous紧张的；C. hopeful有希望的；D. particular特殊的。根据下文“He ruled that the company should not ____12____ employees over the age of 45.”可知他裁定公司不得解雇45岁以上的员工，说明他仍然关心员工。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他裁定公司不得解雇45岁以上的员工。A. go off离开；B. lay off解雇；C. give off发出；D. shave off刮掉。根据上文“He was still ____11____ about the employees over these years.”可知这些年来，他仍然关心员工，说明他裁定公司不得解雇45岁以上的员工。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，他还为他们建造了公寓，并给予他们福利以改善他们的生活。A. Anyhow不管怎样；B. Otherwise否则；C. Therefore因此；D. Moreover此外。根据上文“He ruled that the company should not ____12____ employees over the age of 45.”和下文“he also built them apartments and gave them benefits to ____14____ their lives.”（他还为他们建造了公寓，并给予他们福利以改善他们的生活。）可知前后句是承接关系。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，他还为他们建造了公寓，并给予他们福利以改善他们的生活。A. treasure珍惜；B. improve提升，改善；C. spend花费；D. enjoy享受。根据上文“he also built them apartments and gave them benefits”可知他还为他们建造了公寓，并给予他们福利以改善他们的生活。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这就是宗庆后，一个朴实而伟大的人。A. famous出名的；B. reliable可靠的；C. great伟大的；D. dynamic有活力的。根据下文“He will live in our hearts forever.”（他将永远活在我们心中。）可知宗就是这样一个朴实而伟大的人。故选C。 第II卷 第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Laba Festival There are different ___36___ (version) about the origins of the Laba Festival, but one of ___37___ (widespread) is about Yue Fei during the South Song dynasty(1103-1142). During that year, Yue Fei and his army ___38___ (fight) against Jin Wuzhu’s army in Zhuxian town, ___39___ it was just in the severe winter, ___40___ (freeze) cold and Yue’s army was starving. Knowing that, ___41___ local people served porridge immediately, and Yue’s army were ___42___ ( great) inspired. After that, the warm, physical strength recovered, and they won a complete victory, ___43___ (defeat) Jin Wuzhu and his army. It was the eighth day of the ___44___ (twelve) month of the lunar calendar. In order to memorize the bravery of Yue Fei and Yue’s army, people cooked porridge ____45____ the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month, which gradually became a custom. 【答案】36. versions 37. the most widespread 38. were fighting 39. when 40. freezing 41. the 42. greatly 43. defeating 44. twelfth 45. on 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了腊八节这一节日的起源。 【36题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：关于腊八节的起源有不同的说法，但最普遍的说法之一是关于南宋时期（1103-1142）的岳飞。根据上文are可知version应用复数形式。故填versions。 【37题详解】 考查最高级。句意：关于腊八节的起源有不同的说法，但最普遍的说法之一是关于南宋时期（1103-1142）的岳飞。此处为one of+形容词最高级，表示“最……之一”，最高级在前面加the most。故填the most widespread。 【38题详解】 考查时态。句意：这一年，岳飞率军在朱仙镇与金兀术交战，时值严冬，天寒地冻，岳军饥寒交迫。此处表示过去某个时间段正在进行，用过去进行时，主语为Yue Fei and his army，谓语用复数。故填were fighting。 【39题详解】 考查固定句型。句意：这一年，岳飞率军在朱仙镇与金兀术交战，时值严冬，天寒地冻，岳军饥寒交迫。此处为句型sb. be doing sth. when...表示“某人正在做某事，这时……”故用when。故填when。 【40题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这一年，岳飞率军在朱仙镇与金兀术交战，时值严冬，天寒地冻，岳军饥寒交迫。修饰cold应用形容词freezing。故填freezing。 【41题详解】 考查冠词。句意：当地人知道了这一点，立即给岳军上了粥，岳军受到了极大的鼓舞。此处特指送粥的当地人，应用定冠词。故填the。 42题详解】 考查副词。句意：当地人知道了这一点，立即给岳军上了粥，岳军受到了极大的鼓舞。修饰动词inspire应用副词greatly，故填greatly。 43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：此后，温暖，体力恢复，他们赢得了彻底的胜利，打败了金兀术和他的军队。此处defeat与they构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填defeating。 【44题详解】 考查数词。句意：这一天是农历十二月初八。此处表示“第十二个月”应用序数词twelfth。故填twelfth。 【45题详解】 考查介词。句意：为了纪念岳飞和岳军的英勇事迹，人们在腊月初八煮粥，逐渐成为一种习俗。表示在具体某一天应用介词on。故填on。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 应用文写作(共1小题，满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，本周六下午你学校将安排学生参观中牟农耕文化博物馆（Zhongmu Farming Culture Museum）。请你以学生会的名义写一篇通知。 内容包括： 1. 出行安排；2. 参观过程；3. 注意事项。 注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 An announcement Fellow students, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Students’ Union 【答案】A possible version: An announcement Fellow students, We are going to visit Zhongmu Farming Culture Museum this Saturday afternoon, which lies in Simu Yuan. We will meet at the school gate at eight in the morning and then go there on foot. As soon as we get there, the museum guide will lead us on a tour. Listen and watch carefully when you visit the museum. Please don’t make much noise in the museum and don’t take any pictures, either. I’m sure you can learn a lot about the ancient agriculture of Zhongmu through the visit. Students’ Union 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求学生以学生会的名义写一篇安排学生参观中牟农耕文化博物馆的通知，需介绍出行安排，描述参观过程，并提醒注意事项。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 参观：visit→pay a visit to, make a visit to 一……就……：as soon as→ once, the moment 拍照：take pictures→ take photos 确定：sure→certain 2. 句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：Listen and watch carefully when you visit the museum. 拓展句：Listen and watch carefully when visiting the museum. 【点睛】[高分句型1] We are going to visit Zhongmu Farming Culture Museum this Saturday afternoon, which lies in Simu Yuan. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] As soon as we get there, the museum guide will lead us on a tour. (运用了as soon as引导时间状语从句) 第二节 读后续写(共1题，满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When I was 11, I followed Jack to the deep mountain in search of a beautiful stream. We searched for a whole day, but we didn’t find it. As it got dark, I asked Jack to go back, but he refused and said, “I would rather sleep here tonight and continue to search tomorrow!” I desired to go home but I didn’t go back alone, so I chose to stay in a small cave with him. It was freezing cold in the cave and we couldn’t have a good sleep. What’s worse, we heard a wolf howling nearby! I was so scared and began to cry. “I heard that wolves were afraid of the brave,” Jack comforted me. “Let’s strike the stick and shout to scare it away!” He started to strike the stick. And then he shouted as he struck the stick. Inspired, I stopped crying and started shouting loudly. Half an hour later, my stomach began to ache and then I collapsed. Jack was shocked with panic. He called my name screamingly, but I just made no response. He tried to put me on his back to carry me home but failed. At last, he went out and found some tree branches and blocked up the entrance to our cave. Then, he ran to the direction of our village as fast as he could. Quite a long time had passed before I heard some sounds approaching near. I thought it was Jack but I didn’t hear him saying anything. In a shock, I sat up with a rush. At that moment, my eyes had adjusted to the darkness. Through the branches, I saw two animals like dogs removing the tree branches with their mouths and claws. They were wolves! 注意： 1. 续写词数应为140左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: Their shining green eyes in the darkness trapped me into deep fear. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: All of a sudden, I saw the two wolves turn around and run away in a hurry. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Paragraph 1: Their shining green eyes in the darkness trapped me into deep fear. But I managed to stand myself. I struck the stick beside me and screamed as loudly as I could. The two wolves were frightened at first and stepped back. But after a short time of hesitation, they continued to remove the branches. And however hard I struck the stick, they just ignored. I was in despair. Nevertheless, a firm belief is rooted in my heart: I wouldn’t give it up without a fight. Paragraph 2: All of a sudden, I saw the two wolves turn around and run away in a hurry. “Are they afraid of my stick?” I wondered. But I understood why when I saw many flashlights approaching my cave quickly. It proved that Jack had run away to seek help. With a dozen of villagers, Jack was coming to my rescue! They were calling my name and I responded as they removed the branches. As Jack got into the cave and hugged me, I couldn’t help crying, both in fright and relief. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者11岁时与朋友杰克一起在深山中寻找美丽的小溪，找了一整天没找到。天黑后作者想回家，但杰克坚持要留下继续寻找，由于害怕独自返回，作者选择与杰克一起在山洞里过夜。山洞很冷，还听到狼嚎，作者吓哭了，杰克说狼怕勇敢的人，二人打棍并大喊，吓走了狼。不久作者胃疼倒下，杰克想背作者回家不成，便堵好洞口回村求救。作者独自等待时听到声音，以为是杰克，结果发现是狼在扒洞口树枝。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“它们在黑暗中闪闪发光的绿眼睛使我陷入深深的恐惧之中”可知，第一段可描写作者在恐惧中用之前的办法：打棍和大喊，试图吓走狼，但是没有效果，狼继续扒树枝。 ②由第二段首句内容“突然，我看见那两只狼转过身来，急急忙忙地跑开了”可知，第二段可描写作者发现杰克带着村民回来救自己，以及作者做出害怕又庆幸的反应。 2. 续写线索：作者很恐惧——作者试图吓走狼——没有效果——狼跑开——杰克和村民赶来——作者的反应 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①大叫：scream/shout/yell/cry ②忽略：ignore/neglect/disregard ③放弃：give up/quit/abandon ④回应：respond/reply/answer ⑤拥抱：hug/embrace 情绪类 ①恐惧的：frightened/terrified/afraid/fearful ②绝望：despair/desperation/depression 【点睛】[高分句型1] And however hard I struck the stick, they just ignored. (however引导让步状语从句) [高分句型2] But I understood why when I saw many flashlights approaching my cave quickly. (when引导时间状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$