精品解析：2024届云南省楚雄彝族自治州楚雄市云南省楚雄彝族自治州民族中学一模英语试题

2024年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试内参模拟测试卷（三） 英语 注意事项： 1. 本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 2. 答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。 3. 请按题号顺序在答题卡上各题目的答题区域内作答，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 4. 选择题用2B铅笔在答题卡上把所选答案的标号涂黑；非选择题用黑色签字笔在答题卡上作答；字体工整，笔迹清楚。 5. 考试结束后，请将试卷和答题卡一并上交。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. What does the woman think of Tim? A. Excellent. B. Inexperienced. C. Hard-working. 2 What are the speakers doing? A. Having a party. B. Saying goodbye. C. Taking a vacation. 3. What will the speakers probably do? A. Eat something. B. Do some cooking. C. Take a walk. 4. How long will the woman travel? A. For about half a month. B. For about one and a half months. C. For about two months. 5. What does the woman mean? A. She doesn’t need a job. B. She hasn’t got a job yet. C. She won’t go to the interview. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. When does the conversation take place? A. On Tuesday. B. On Wednesday. C. On Thursday. 7. What happened to the woman on Tuesday morning? A. She couldn’t get a taxi. B. She got on the last bus. C. She went to see the doctor. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What does the man want to do? A. Buy something. B. See an exhibition. C. Get a free ticket. 9. How are the speakers most likely to go? A By taxi. B. By bus. C. On foot. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Who is late for the appointment? A. The man. B. The woman. C. The woman’s sister. 11. What time is it now? A. 9:10. B. 9:20. C. 9:30. 12. What did the woman do this morning? A. She did some shopping. B. She did some sewing. C. She did some washing. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What’s wrong with the man? A. He has a toothache. B. He has his arm hurt. C. He has a stomachache. 14. What did the man do this afternoon? A. Play basketball. B. Play football. C. Play volleyball. 15. What will happen to the man a few days later? A. He will be all right. B. He will get disabled. C. He will become serious. 16. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Mother and son. C. Doctor and patient. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Where can we find the world’s first parking meters? A. In Africa. B. In America. C. In Australia. 18. When did the world’s first parking meters start? A. In 1915. B. In 1925. C. In 1935. 19. Why did the city collect money from drivers? A. To buy machines. B. To stop cars coming in. C. To pay those working for the city. 20. What did people feel about using parking meters at first? A. Exciting. B. Shocking. C. Disappointing. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The following jobs are expected to be in high demand in 2023. Clicking on the “Find jobs” link will take you to the list of current job postings and help you make career choices. Nurse Practitioner Average hourly wage: $56.00 Nurse practitioners can perform many of the tasks that doctors do, such as creating treatment plans for patients and managing medical records. The big difference is that nurse practitioners cannot prescribe (开……) medications in most states. To become a nurse practitioner, you will need a graduate degree in nursing along with the appropriate licenses for the states in which you work. Data Scientist Average hourly wage: $52.00 From car rental companies to telecommunication businesses, data scientists analyze the information to figure out the best ways for their businesses to be more successful. The job duties include identifying what types of business and customer data are worth gathering, then checking whether the information is accurate. It’s a big job that generally requires eight working hours a day and professional skills in mathematics. Web Developer Average hourly wage: $38.00 Most people rely on the Internet to stay informed and connected with our communities. Web developers make sure those sites function properly while also updating them to include new functions that make them easier to use. Most of the work can be done remotely, which is favoured by young people. Choreographer (编舞师) Average hourly wage: $20.00 Maybe it’s the popularity of viral dance videos on TikTok that brings about the increasing demand in recent years. In addition to instructing trainees and performing on the stage and in the film, they work on smaller events such as weddings and other family gatherings. No degree is necessary to work in this field, but you will need some training and rhythm. 1. How much will a nurse practitioner get per hour on average? A. $52. B. $56. C. $38. D. $20. 2. Which one is suitable for those who prefer to work from home? A. Web developer. B. Data scientist. C. Nurse practitioner. D. Choreographer. 3. Where’s the text probably taken from? A. A report. B. A textbook. C. A website. D. A study. B One of the improv (即兴表演) classes I attended regularly was taught by Jim Cranna every Saturday afternoon. Sometimes, as many as twenty-five to sixty-plus folks showed up. Jim made sure to fit everyone in so they could improve their skills. The class lasted for three hours. The usual cast of comic actors played improv comedy games. And we would go to the nearest mini market located in the building and get a snack or coffee during breaks. One day, three of us were standing outside the building. when Robin Williams—an internationally famous actor and comic walked by, enjoying the fresh bay air. Completely frozen, my fellow comics couldn’t summon up the courage to just say “hi” to Robin, who was with a friend. I froze for a moment. but then I composed myself. I told them, “Hey, if you guys can’t handle it, then I will ask him to come and join us for the second half of the class.” I could hear them mumble under their breath. “Yeah, sure, right. You’re going to ask Robin Williams to come to our comedy class. Good luck with that one!” So I went up to Robin and his friend and asked him to join us. “We’re having an improv comedy class. We’re on break now, but we would be honoured if you would join us for the second half of the class.” Robin looked directly in my eyes and said with little hesitation, “Okay.” It was like a grown-up child being asked to come and play. With that, he and his friend followed me up to the class. When Jim saw Robin, he said, “Oh my goodness, look who Micheline is bringing to class,” Jim’s eyes were all in astonishment and delight (高兴). “Why, it’s Robin Williams!” Robin and his friend stayed the rest of the class and at the end of the class, Robin and Jim performed a skit (滑稽短剧). We actually watched him shape-shift as he prepared physically and mentally for his made-up character. He gave it his all. It was truly magical. What a delight for all of us that Saturday afternoon! All I know is that if I hadn’t mustered up the courage to ask Robin to join us, none of us would have had that experience. 4. What does the underlined words “summon up” mean in Paragraph 2? A. Work up. B. Calm down. C. Make up. D. Get up. 5. Which of the following is true? A. Robin Williams left halfway in the class. B. Robin Williams refused the author’s invitation. C. Jim Cranna was peaceful when he saw Robin Williams. D The author’s friends were afraid of inviting Robin Williams. 6. What kind of person was Robin Williams most likely to be? A. Famous but approachable. B. Popular but humble. C. Respected but serious. D. Strict but generous. 7. What did the author want to show by telling the experience? A. It’s never too late to learn. B. Every cloud has a silver lining. C. A brave attempt is half success. D. Actions speak louder than words. C The painting “Portrait(肖像) of Omai” was finished in 1774 and was sold to John Magnier in 2001. When he wants to take the painting out of the country the government believes it’s important for Britain and stops him doing so. Yet British buyers can’t raise the money needed to get it from Mr. Magnier before the deadline of a ban one exporting it. A solution may now involve Getty Museum in Los Angeles; it could be a model for her treasured artworks too expensive for the nation to buy. Most countries have export restrictions on their cultural treasures. Many European counts a low the government to step in and buy any work offered for sale. Britain operates a system called Waverley standards, balancing the aims of keeping important pieces and protecting the rights of their owners. Valuable pieces are evaluated at monthly meetings of a committee of owners, dealers and art historians. The most important works are kept in Britain temporarily while institutions at home try to raise the funds to buy them. Mr. Magnier paid £10.3 million for “Portrait of Omai”. Now he wants £50 million for it, a fair value. The National Portrait Gallery (NPG) in London has been trying to raise the cash, but only half the money had been raised. The NPG’s answer is to buy the painting together with the Getty Museum, spending half its time in London and the other half in California. In 2015 a similar arrangement was agreed between France and the Netherlands to share ownership of a pair of important portraits by Rembrandt. The Waverley standards were meant to keep Brit in’s cultural treasures at home. But protecting an artwork for the nation for some time maybe all that can be achieved. Closed for three years for repair, the NPG hopes it will open its doors again with “Portrait of Omai” as its glory. 8. What can we learn about Magnier from Para. 1? A. He painted a portrait of an Englishman. B. He wanted to take the painting abroad. C. He illegally took hold of the paining. D. He solved the problem with a portrait. 9. What do the Waverley standards do to keep cultural treasures at home? A. They set aside time for home purchase. B. They checkout annual export licences. C. They decide a ban on the rare treasures. D. They advertise the sales of the treasures. 10. What will be the final solution to “Portrait of Omai”? A. Britain takes it for permanent ownership. B. Mr. Magnier takes it abroad after the deadline. C. Britain works with France to share its ownership. D. NPG and the Getty Museum share its ownership. 11. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. The Cooperation of World’s Galleries B. The Protection of Galleries’ Paintings C. A New Way to Save Art for the Nation D. A Clever Way to Stop Loss of Paintings D Every few years, snowshoe hare (白靴兔) numbers in the Canadian Yukon climb to a peak. As hare populations increase, so do those of their predators (捕食者): lynx and coyotes. Then hare populations fall and their predators start to die off. The cycle is a famous phenomenon among ecologists and has been studied since the 1920s. In recent years, though, researchers have found hare numbers fall from their peak not just because predators eat too many of them. Long-lasting stress from living surrounded by killers causes mother hares to eat less food and bear fewer babies. The trauma (创伤) of living through such threats causes lasting changes in brain chemistry, keeping the hares from reproducing at normal levels. And it’s not just snowshoe hares, as behavioural ecologists Liana Zanette and Michael Clinchy, who study what they call the ecology of fear, have shown. They’ve found that fear of predators can cause other wild mammals (哺乳动物) and songbirds to bear and raise fewer young. The offspring of frightened voles and song sparrows are less likely to succeed in reproducing. These findings add to a growing body of evidence showing that fearful experiences can have long-lasting effects on wildlife and suggesting that post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is not only unique to humans, but shared among other creatures. Rudy Boonstra, a population ecologist at the University of Toronto, sees the response of snowshoe hares as an adaptation that allows the animals to make the best of a bad situation. Animals stressed by many predators spend more time hiding and less time feeding, so they produce fewer young—but that may allow more adult hares to survive to rebuild the population when the cycle starts again. Despite the evidence that a wide range of animals experience the long-term impacts of extreme stress, some psychologists still hold their human-centric (以人为本的) view of PTSD. “It is defined in terms of human responses,” says neurobiologist David Diamond. “There is no biological measure—you can’t get a blood test that says someone has PTSD. This is a psychological disease, and that’s why I call it a human disorder. Because a rat can’t tell you how it feels.” 12. What can be learned from the hare population? A. Their predators are in danger of dying out. B. Their numbers decline partly because of stress. C. Their populations have been falling all the time. D. Their safety is threatened by wild mammals and songbirds. 13. What can we conclude from Paragraph 3? A. Birds attract fewer predators than land animals do. B. Snowshoe hares suffer more than other mammals. C. It is hard for animals to remember trauma. D. PTSD exists among wild animals. 14. What’s Diamond’s attitude towards animals’ PTSD? A. Supportive. B. Understanding. C. Doubtful. D. Unconcerned. 15. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To talk about how to get over trauma. B. To give a brief introduction to PTSD. C. To call for the protection of snowshoe hares. D. To discuss how fear might hurt animals. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The brain is an important organ of the human body. So what can we do to to keep our brains healthy both physically and functionally? ·Turn ordinary activities into brain-stimulating ones ___16___, while out for a walk in your neighbourhood. Use detailed and expressive language to describe your surroundings, as well as what you can see and hear when talking on the phone to a friend or a family member. ·___17___ Going outside to take exercise every day, like running slowly, even for a short period of time, can build up the body, increase heart rate and improve mood. A little sunshine outside is great for vitamin D production. A jog also helps strengthen the brain. ·Think about returning to a previous hobby The best activities for brain health are the ones that challenge your brain to be quick and accurate. Do you have a musical instrument sitting in the closet? ___18___, dust it off and try it. Or use one of the previous adult colouring books that are so popular now, which can help you relieve stress and focus. ·Do some brain training indoors. ___19___. The exercise is based on the principles of brain plasticity, the way the brain reorganizes through learning and exercising. ·Eat a healthy diet and be sure to get adequate sleep As we know, food provides nutrition for the brain. ___20___. Getting adequate and quality sleep also will do wonders when it comes to improving your mental health. A. Go out as much as possible B. Now it is time to pull it out C Adopt a training programme at a gym D. Some people are trying learning some new instruments E. You can stimulate your brain by taking a different route each time F. So eating high quality food like vegetables and fruit will keep it healthy G. You can adopt a brain exercise programme at home to keep your brain fit 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 From the age of eight, I had to contribute my share of labor along with my father. Our family was too ____21____ to afford paid laborers. Working in the rice fields was no easy job, especially in summer. The ____22____ sun would beat upon my arched back. With only a hat, a shirt and a pair of shorts as my ____23____, I would be sweating like a pig within seconds. One day, while resting beside the field, I ____24____ my present life: My family was tied to land, doing ____25____ jobs every day. How could we and farmers like us have ____26____ to a better life? Thinking of this, I was suddenly ____27____ with great pity and great respect for them, and the focus of my ____28____ began to extend beyond myself and my family. A voice inside me ____29____ that I should do something to help that. It was right then that I _____30_____ to pursue useful knowledge and technology to _____31_____ their burden of labour. This undeniable (不可否定的) _____32_____ pushed me hard to go to a university on a scholarship and _____33_____ earn a degree on agriculture. Although now I went into academic research, I would always _____34_____ what working in the rice fields had taught me: Your hard work will be _____35_____ if you plant your feet firmly on the ground, for being down-to-earth is an unbroken truth. 21. A. desperate B. wise C. poor D. proud 22. A. blinding B. amazing C. rising D. burning 23. A. preference B. protection C. purchase D. priority 24. A. puzzled over B. worried about C. believed in D. complained about 25. A. high-paying B. heart-breaking C. back-breaking D. risk-taking 26. A. reactions B. contributions C. access D. addiction 27. A. consumed B. provided C. confused D. troubled 28. A. career B. schedule C. interest D. concern 29. A. protested B. insisted C. warned D. predicted 30. A. attempted B. promised C. resolved D. agreed 31. A. lighten B. quicken C. distribute D. shoulder 32. A. curiosity B. outcome C. fact D. urge 33. A. immediately B. ultimately C. definitely D. rarely 34. A. treasure B. doubt C. adopt D. ignore 35. A. facilitated B. relieved C. challenged D. rewarded 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Many foreign experts said the water discharge will have an insignificant impact ___36___ the environment and human health. But with the discharge starting Thursday, public fears and concern ___37___ (share) in its Asian neighbours, where many still bear strong hate of Japan’s World War Ⅱ aggression. In response to the release, China ___38___ (ban) seafood from Japan and said it would “cause damage and harm to the global marine environment ___39___ cannot be predicted”. Hong Kong and Macau said they were banning seafood from Fukushima and nine other Japanese prefectures. North Korea’s Foreign Ministry called the release ___40___ “crime against humanity” and said Japan would be ___41___ (whole) responsible for its “catastrophic consequences”. In South Korea, heated domestic political argument has erupted over its own government’s ___42___ (approve) of the Japanese plan. Liberal critics accused the conservative government ___43___ (lead) by President Yoon Suk Yeol of pushing ___44___ (improve) ties with Japan at the sacrifice (牺牲) of public health. Surveys of South Koreans show that more than 80% of respondents oppose the Japanese discharge plan ___45___ more than 60% said they won’t eat seafood after the water release begins. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，得知中国科学技术馆将针对青少年举办一场科技发明大赛，请你写一封邮件邀请同样喜爱科学的外国朋友Peter与你合作，一起参加比赛。内容包括： 1.比赛时间地点； 2.奖励：创新基金； 3.邀请的原因 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Undoubtedly, Mother Nature is always attractive to kids. In our childhood, how often did we turn a deaf ear to our parents’ advice? Very often! Thus, we landed ourselves in a situation where we greatly regretted our act of not having listened to the advice of the wise. Such an unforgettable experience I had at the age of 7 gave me an invaluable lesson, after which I deeply understood why my gentle mother was repeating the boring suggestions and I would try to take her suggestions seriously. In my childhood, I was so crazy about nature that even playing among the colorful flowers in our garden could make my day. Our house was next to the woods which had always stirred up(激起) great curiosity in me in wanting to find out what was within. Every time I saw fascinating butterflies dancing from the woods, my curiosity grew. But my mother didn’t like me wandering off on my own and always ensured that I was within her sight. Even if she allowed me to explore the surrounding area on my own, it was only to be somewhere near the house. Being as curious as the cat, I always desired to explore the woods. It seemed as if my mother had understood my desire, so she had warmed me on lots of occasions never to enter the woods alone. “Mom, can I go out and play in the garden?” I asked. “Sure,” she would reply each time. “Kate, you can play in the garden but you must promise me one thing—only when I’m with you can you go into the woods. There are no cases of animal attacks on humans, but it’s still dangerous for a little kid like you. It’s too easy to get lost in the woods.” “Sure, you’ve said that many times!” I answered without patience at her repeated reminders. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 However, curiosity got the better of me one morning. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ “Kate?” Behind the trees covered by the rays of the setting sun came my mother’s voice. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力 1—5 BBABB 6—10 CCBAB 11—15 ABBAA 16—20 CBCCB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$null 2024年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试内参模拟测试卷（三） 英语 注意事项： 1. 本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 2. 答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。 3. 请按题号顺序在答题卡上各题目的答题区域内作答，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 4. 选择题用2B铅笔在答题卡上把所选答案的标号涂黑；非选择题用黑色签字笔在答题卡上作答；字体工整，笔迹清楚。 5. 考试结束后，请将试卷和答题卡一并上交。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. What does the woman think of Tim? A. Excellent. B. Inexperienced. C. Hard-working. 2. What are the speakers doing? A. Having a party. B. Saying goodbye. C. Taking a vacation. 3. What will the speakers probably do? A. Eat something. B. Do some cooking. C. Take a walk. 4. How long will the woman travel? A. For about half a month. B. For about one and a half months. C. For about two months. 5. What does the woman mean? A. She doesn’t need a job. B. She hasn’t got a job yet. C. She won’t go to the interview. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. When does the conversation take place? A. On Tuesday. B. On Wednesday. C. On Thursday. 7. What happened to the woman on Tuesday morning? A. She couldn’t get a taxi. B. She got on the last bus. C. She went to see the doctor. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What does the man want to do? A. Buy something. B. See an exhibition. C. Get a free ticket. 9. How are the speakers most likely to go? A. By taxi. B. By bus. C. On foot. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Who is late for the appointment? A. The man. B. The woman. C. The woman’s sister. 11. What time is it now? A. 9:10. B. 9:20. C. 9:30. 12. What did the woman do this morning? A. She did some shopping. B. She did some sewing. C. She did some washing. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What’s wrong with the man? A. He has a toothache. B. He has his arm hurt. C. He has a stomachache. 14. What did the man do this afternoon? A. Play basketball. B. Play football. C. Play volleyball. 15. What will happen to the man a few days later? A. He will be all right. B. He will get disabled. C. He will become serious. 16 What’s the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Mother and son. C. Doctor and patient. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Where can we find the world’s first parking meters? A. In Africa. B. In America. C. In Australia. 18. When did the world’s first parking meters start? A. In 1915. B. In 1925. C. In 1935. 19. Why did the city collect money from drivers? A. To buy machines. B. To stop cars coming in. C. To pay those working for the city. 20. What did people feel about using parking meters at first? A. Exciting. B. Shocking. C. Disappointing. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The following jobs are expected to be in high demand in 2023. Clicking on the “Find jobs” link will take you to the list of current job postings and help you make career choices. Nurse Practitioner Average hourly wage: $56.00 Nurse practitioners can perform many of the tasks that doctors do, such as creating treatment plans for patients and managing medical records. The big difference is that nurse practitioners cannot prescribe (开……) medications in most states. To become a nurse practitioner, you will need a graduate degree in nursing along with the appropriate licenses for the states in which you work. Data Scientist Average hourly wage: $52.00 From car rental companies to telecommunication businesses, data scientists analyze the information to figure out the best ways for their businesses to be more successful. The job duties include identifying what types of business and customer data are worth gathering, then checking whether the information is accurate. It’s a big job that generally requires eight working hours a day and professional skills in mathematics. Web Developer Average hourly wage: $38.00 Most people rely on the Internet to stay informed and connected with our communities. Web developers make sure those sites function properly while also updating them to include new functions that make them easier to use. Most of the work can be done remotely, which is favoured by young people. Choreographer (编舞师) Average hourly wage: $20.00 Maybe it’s the popularity of viral dance videos on TikTok that brings about the increasing demand in recent years. In addition to instructing trainees and performing on the stage and in the film, they work on smaller events such as weddings and other family gatherings. No degree is necessary to work in this field, but you will need some training and rhythm. 1. How much will a nurse practitioner get per hour on average? A. $52. B. $56. C. $38. D. $20. 2. Which one is suitable for those who prefer to work from home? A. Web developer. B. Data scientist. C. Nurse practitioner. D. Choreographer. 3. Where’s the text probably taken from? A. A report. B. A textbook. C. A website. D. A study. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了4个供不应求的工作。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Nurse Practioner中的“Average hourly wage: $56.00（平均时薪：$56.00）”可知，护理医生平均每小时工资是$56。故选B项。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据Web Developer中的“Most of the work can be done remotely, which is favoured by young people.（大部分工作都可以远程完成，受到年轻人的青睐。）”可知，大多数的网页开发工作可以远程完成，而且这种工作方式受到年轻人的青睐。因此，对于喜欢在家工作的人来说，网页开发人员是一个适合的选择。故选A项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“Clicking on the ‘Find jobs’ link will take you to the list of current job postings and help you make career choices. (点击‘查找工作’链接将带您进入当前招聘信息列表，并帮助您做出职业选择。)”可知文章可能取材于网站。故选C项。 B One of the improv (即兴表演) classes I attended regularly was taught by Jim Cranna every Saturday afternoon. Sometimes, as many as twenty-five to sixty-plus folks showed up. Jim made sure to fit everyone in so they could improve their skills. The class lasted for three hours. The usual cast of comic actors played improv comedy games. And we would go to the nearest mini market located in the building and get a snack or coffee during breaks. One day, three of us were standing outside the building. when Robin Williams—an internationally famous actor and comic walked by, enjoying the fresh bay air. Completely frozen, my fellow comics couldn’t summon up the courage to just say “hi” to Robin, who was with a friend. I froze for a moment. but then I composed myself. I told them, “Hey, if you guys can’t handle it, then I will ask him to come and join us for the second half of the class.” I could hear them mumble under their breath. “Yeah, sure, right. You’re going to ask Robin Williams to come to our comedy class. Good luck with that one!” So I went up to Robin and his friend and asked him to join us. “We’re having an improv comedy class. We’re on break now, but we would be honoured if you would join us for the second half of the class.” Robin looked directly in my eyes and said with little hesitation, “Okay.” It was like a grown-up child being asked to come and play. With that, he and his friend followed me up to the class. When Jim saw Robin, he said, “Oh my goodness, look who Micheline is bringing to class,” Jim’s eyes were all in astonishment and delight (高兴). “Why, it’s Robin Williams!” Robin and his friend stayed the rest of the class and at the end of the class, Robin and Jim performed a skit (滑稽短剧). We actually watched him shape-shift as he prepared physically and mentally for his made-up character. He gave it his all. It was truly magical. What a delight for all of us that Saturday afternoon! All I know is that if I hadn’t mustered up the courage to ask Robin to join us, none of us would have had that experience. 4. What does the underlined words “summon up” mean in Paragraph 2? A. Work up. B. Calm down. C. Make up. D. Get up. 5. Which of the following is true? A. Robin Williams left halfway in the class. B. Robin Williams refused the author’s invitation. C. Jim Cranna was peaceful when he saw Robin Williams. D. The author’s friends were afraid of inviting Robin Williams. 6. What kind of person was Robin Williams most likely to be? A. Famous but approachable. B. Popular but humble. C. Respected but serious. D. Strict but generous. 7. What did the author want to show by telling the experience? A. It’s never too late to learn. B. Every cloud has a silver lining. C. A brave attempt is half success. D. Actions speak louder than words. 【答案】4. A 5. D 6. A 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者和同学们偶遇著名喜剧演员却都不敢上前打招呼，最后作者鼓起勇气开口打招呼，并邀请这名喜剧演员加入他们的喜剧课。结果该喜剧演员不仅毫不犹豫地同意了作者的请求，还给他们展示了精彩的表演。 【4题详解】 词句猜测题。根据上文的句子“One day, three of us were standing outside the building. when Robin Williams—an internationally famous actor and comic walked by, enjoying the fresh bay air.(一天，我们三个人站在大楼外面。这时罗宾·威廉姆斯——一位国际著名的演员兼喜剧演员走过，享受着海湾的新鲜空气。)”和空格前的“Completely frozen, my fellow comics couldn’t ”以及空格后的the courage to just say “hi” to Robin可知，因为作者他们遇到了罗宾·威廉姆斯——一位国际著名的演员兼喜剧演员，他们呆住了，所以，他们没有勇气给罗宾打招呼。所以，summon up the courage意义为“鼓起勇气”，划线短语summon up与work up“激起，激发”意义一致。故选A项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的句子“Completely frozen, my fellow comics couldn’t summon up the courage to just say “hi” to Robin, who was with a friend.(我的喜剧同伴们完全呆住了，无法鼓起勇气向罗宾打招呼，他和一个朋友在一起。)”和第三段“I told them, “Hey, if you guys can’t handle it, then I will ask him to come and join us for the second half of the class.” I could hear them mumble under their breath. “Yeah, sure, right. You’re going to ask Robin Williams to come to our comedy class. Good luck with that one!”(我告诉他们，“嘿，如果你们做不了，那我就请他来和我们一起上下半节课。”我能听到他们低声咕哝。“是的，当然，没错。你要邀请罗宾·威廉姆斯来上我们的喜剧课。祝你好运!” )”可知，作者的朋友们不敢邀请罗宾·威廉姆斯。故选D项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。文章第二段“One day, three of us were standing outside the building, when Robin Williams—an internationally famous actor and comic walked by, enjoying the fresh bay air. （有一天，我们三个人站在大楼外面，国际著名演员兼喜剧演员罗宾·威廉斯走过，享受着海湾的新鲜空气。）”提到，罗宾·威廉斯很出名；再根据第四段“Robin looked directly in my eyes and said with little hesitation, ‘Okay.’（罗宾直视着我的眼睛，毫不犹豫地说：‘好的。’）”，作者邀请罗宾·威廉斯加入他们课堂的时候，他毫不犹豫地答应了，由此可知，罗宾·威廉斯是个平易近人的人。故选A项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章大意可知，作者和同学们偶遇著名喜剧演员却都不敢上前打招呼，最后作者鼓起勇气开口打招呼，并邀请这名喜剧演员加入他们的喜剧课。结果该喜剧演员不仅毫不犹豫地同意了作者的请求，还给他们展示了精彩的表演。由此推知，文章想告诉我们的是敢于迈出尝试的一步，就有可能成功，即勇敢的尝试是成功的一半，C项符合题意。故选C项。 C The painting “Portrait(肖像) of Omai” was finished in 1774 and was sold to John Magnier in 2001. When he wants to take the painting out of the country, the government believes it’s important for Britain and stops him doing so. Yet British buyers can’t raise the money needed to get it from Mr. Magnier before the deadline of a ban one exporting it. A solution may now involve Getty Museum in Los Angeles; it could be a model for her treasured artworks too expensive for the nation to buy. Most countries have export restrictions on their cultural treasures. Many European counts a low the government to step in and buy any work offered for sale. Britain operates a system called Waverley standards, balancing the aims of keeping important pieces and protecting the rights of their owners. Valuable pieces are evaluated at monthly meetings of a committee of owners, dealers and art historians. The most important works are kept in Britain temporarily while institutions at home try to raise the funds to buy them. Mr. Magnier paid £10.3 million for “Portrait of Omai”. Now he wants £50 million for it, a fair value. The National Portrait Gallery (NPG) in London has been trying to raise the cash, but only half the money had been raised. The NPG’s answer is to buy the painting together with the Getty Museum, spending half its time in London and the other half in California. In 2015 a similar arrangement was agreed between France and the Netherlands to share ownership of a pair of important portraits by Rembrandt. The Waverley standards were meant to keep Brit in’s cultural treasures at home. But protecting an artwork for the nation for some time maybe all that can be achieved. Closed for three years for repair, the NPG hopes it will open its doors again with “Portrait of Omai” as its glory. 8. What can we learn about Magnier from Para. 1? A. He painted a portrait of an Englishman. B. He wanted to take the painting abroad. C. He illegally took hold of the paining. D. He solved the problem with a portrait. 9. What do the Waverley standards do to keep cultural treasures at home? A. They set aside time for home purchase. B. They checkout annual export licences. C. They decide a ban on the rare treasures. D. They advertise the sales of the treasures. 10. What will be the final solution to “Portrait of Omai”? A. Britain takes it for permanent ownership. B. Mr. Magnier takes it abroad after the deadline. C. Britain works with France to share its ownership. D. NPG and the Getty Museum share its ownership. 11. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. The Cooperation of World’s Galleries B. The Protection of Galleries’ Paintings C. A New Way to Save Art for the Nation D. A Clever Way to Stop Loss of Paintings 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. D 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。为保护本国的文物不流失国外，各国采取了各种措施。文章介绍了英国的“韦弗利标准”：当私人收藏者要带走自己收藏的国宝级的文物时，先由国家机构尽力筹钱购买，如果筹集的钱不够，则考虑与他国的博物馆联合收购。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“When he wants to take the painting out of the country, the government believes it’s important for Britain and stops him doing so. (当他想把这幅画带出英国时，政府认为这对英国很重要，并阻止他这么做。)”可知，马格尼在2001年买下《奥迈肖像》这幅画想带出英国。故选B。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Britain operates a system called Waverley standards, balancing the aims of keeping important pieces and protecting the rights of their owners. Valuable pieces are evaluated at monthly meetings of a committee of owners, dealers and art historians. The most important works are kept in Britain temporarily while institutions at home try to raise the funds to buy them. (英国实行一种称为韦弗利标准的制度，在保留重要物品和保护其所有者权利的目标之间取得平衡。由业主、经销商和艺术历史学家组成的委员会每月举行一次会议，对有价值的作品进行评估。最重要的作品暂时留在英国，而国内的机构则试图筹集资金购买。)”可知，韦弗利标准能在一定时间内保护英国文物不被带出国，在这段时间里，国内的机构能筹钱去购买这个文物。故选A。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The NPG’s answer is to buy the painting together with the Getty Museum, spending half its time in London and the other half in California. (NPG的答案是与盖蒂博物馆一起购买这幅画，一半时间在伦敦，另一半时间在加利福尼亚。)”可知，英国国家肖像馆将与盖蒂博物馆合作买下《奥迈肖像》，共享它的所有权。故选D。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“Most countries have export restrictions on their cultural treasures. Many European counts a low the government to step in and buy any work offered for sale. Britain operates a system called Waverley standards, balancing the aims of keeping important pieces and protecting the rights of their owners. Valuable pieces are evaluated at monthly meetings of a committee of owners, dealers and art historians. The most important works are kept in Britain temporarily while institutions at home try to raise the funds to buy them. (大多数国家对其文化瑰宝实行出口限制。许多欧洲人认为政府介入并购买任何出售的工作都很低。英国实行一种称为韦弗利标准的制度，在保留重要物品和保护其所有者权利的目标之间取得平衡。由业主、经销商和艺术历史学家组成的委员会每月举行一次会议，对有价值的作品进行评估。最重要的作品暂时留在英国，而国内的机构则试图筹集资金购买。)”可知，本文主要介绍了英国实行一种称为韦弗利标准的制度来保护国内文物不会流失国外，C项“一种保护国家艺术的新途径”适合做文章标题。故选C。 D Every few years, snowshoe hare (白靴兔) numbers in the Canadian Yukon climb to a peak. As hare populations increase, so do those of their predators (捕食者): lynx and coyotes. Then hare populations fall and their predators start to die off. The cycle is a famous phenomenon among ecologists and has been studied since the 1920s. In recent years, though, researchers have found hare numbers fall from their peak not just because predators eat too many of them. Long-lasting stress from living surrounded by killers causes mother hares to eat less food and bear fewer babies. The trauma (创伤) of living through such threats causes lasting changes in brain chemistry, keeping the hares from reproducing at normal levels. And it’s not just snowshoe hares, as behavioural ecologists Liana Zanette and Michael Clinchy, who study what they call the ecology of fear, have shown. They’ve found that fear of predators can cause other wild mammals (哺乳动物) and songbirds to bear and raise fewer young. The offspring of frightened voles and song sparrows are less likely to succeed in reproducing. These findings add to a growing body of evidence showing that fearful experiences can have long-lasting effects on wildlife and suggesting that post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is not only unique to humans, but shared among other creatures. Rudy Boonstra, a population ecologist at the University of Toronto, sees the response of snowshoe hares as an adaptation that allows the animals to make the best of a bad situation. Animals stressed by many predators spend more time hiding and less time feeding, so they produce fewer young—but that may allow more adult hares to survive to rebuild the population when the cycle starts again. Despite the evidence that a wide range of animals experience the long-term impacts of extreme stress, some psychologists still hold their human-centric (以人为本的) view of PTSD. “It is defined in terms of human responses,” says neurobiologist David Diamond. “There is no biological measure—you can’t get a blood test that says someone has PTSD. This is a psychological disease, and that’s why I call it a human disorder. Because a rat can’t tell you how it feels.” 12. What can be learned from the hare population? A. Their predators are in danger of dying out. B. Their numbers decline partly because of stress. C. Their populations have been falling all the time. D. Their safety is threatened by wild mammals and songbirds. 13. What can we conclude from Paragraph 3? A. Birds attract fewer predators than land animals do. B. Snowshoe hares suffer more than other mammals. C. It is hard for animals to remember trauma. D. PTSD exists among wild animals. 14. What’s Diamond’s attitude towards animals’ PTSD? A. Supportive. B. Understanding. C. Doubtful. D. Unconcerned. 15. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To talk about how to get over trauma. B. To give a brief introduction to PTSD. C. To call for the protection of snowshoe hares. D. To discuss how fear might hurt animals. 【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要谈论了恐惧是如何给动物带来伤害的，即：由于天敌的追杀，它们长期生活在压力之下并由此导致雌性生育率下降，进而使种群数量减少。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Long-lasting stress from living surrounded by killers causes mother hares to eat less food and bear fewer babies.(生活在杀手周围的长期压力导致白靴母兔吃得更少，生的孩子更少。)”可知，白靴兔数量下降的部分原因是压力。故选B。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段末句“These findings add to a growing body of evidence showing that fearful experiences can have long-lasting effects on wildlife and suggesting that post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is not only unique to humans, but shared among other creatures.(这些发现增加了越来越多的证据，表明恐惧经历会对野生动物产生长期影响，并表明创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）不仅是人类独有的，而且在其他生物中也存在)”可知，创伤后应激障碍在野生动物中也存在。故选D。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段前两句“Despite the evidence that a wide range of animals experience the long-term impacts of extreme stress, some psychologists still hold their human-centric view of PTSD. ‘It is defined in terms of human responses,’ says neurobiologist David Diamond.(尽管有证据表明，许多动物都经历过极端压力的长期影响，但一些心理学家仍然坚持以人为中心的PTSD观点。‘这是根据人类的反应来定义的，’神经生物学家David Diamond说。)”可知，Diamond认为创伤后应激障碍是人类特有的问题，而动物并不会出现这样的问题。所以，他对创伤后应激障碍在动物中也存在的说法持怀疑的态度。故选C。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第三段末句“These findings add to a growing body of evidence showing that fearful experiences can have long lasting effects on wildlife and suggesting that post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is not only unique to humans, but shared among other creatures.(这些发现增加了越来越多的证据，表明恐惧经历会对野生动物产生长期影响，并表明创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）不仅是人类独有的，而且在其他生物中也存在。)”可知，作者通过本文主要谈论了恐惧是如何给动物带来伤害的，即：由于天敌的追杀，它们长期生活在压力之下并由此导致雌性生育率下降，进而使种群数量减少。故选D。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The brain is an important organ of the human body. So what can we do to to keep our brains healthy both physically and functionally? ·Turn ordinary activities into brain-stimulating ones ___16___, while out for a walk in your neighbourhood. Use detailed and expressive language to describe your surroundings, as well as what you can see and hear when talking on the phone to a friend or a family member. ·___17___ Going outside to take exercise every day, like running slowly, even for a short period of time, can build up the body, increase heart rate and improve mood. A little sunshine outside is great for vitamin D production. A jog also helps strengthen the brain. ·Think about returning to a previous hobby The best activities for brain health are the ones that challenge your brain to be quick and accurate. Do you have a musical instrument sitting in the closet? ___18___, dust it off and try it. Or use one of the previous adult colouring books that are so popular now, which can help you relieve stress and focus. ·Do some brain training indoors. ___19___. The exercise is based on the principles of brain plasticity, the way the brain reorganizes through learning and exercising. ·Eat a healthy diet and be sure to get adequate sleep As we know, food provides nutrition for the brain. ___20___. Getting adequate and quality sleep also will do wonders when it comes to improving your mental health. A. Go out as much as possible B. Now it is time to pull it out C. Adopt a training programme at a gym D. Some people are trying learning some new instruments E. You can stimulate your brain by taking a different route each time F. So eating high quality food like vegetables and fruit will keep it healthy G. You can adopt a brain exercise programme at home to keep your brain fit 【答案】16. E 17. A 18. B 19. G 20. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些让大脑保持健康的方法。 【16题详解】 根据下文“while out for a walk in your neighborhood. Use detailed and expressive language to describe your surroundings, as well as what you can see and hear when talking on the phone to a friend or a family member. (当你在你的社区散步时，使用详细和有表现力的语言来描述你周围的环境，以及你在和朋友或家人打电话时看到和听到的东西。)”提到散步和散步时应该做一些其他事情来刺激大脑。由此可知，空处也应该和散步相关。E项“你可以每次走不同的路线来刺激你的大脑”符合文意。故选E项。 【17题详解】 根据下文“Going outside to take exercise every day, like running slowly, even for a short period of time, can build up the body, increase heart rate and improve mood. A little sunshine outside is great for vitamin D production. A jog also helps strengthen the brain.”（每天到户外锻炼，比如慢速跑步，即使是很短的时间，也能增强体质，增加心率，改善情绪。户外的一点阳光对维生素D的生成很有帮助。慢跑也有助于增强大脑。）可知，本段主要在说明要去户外。故A选项“尽可能多出去走走”切题，为本段的标题。故选A项。 【18题详解】 根据上文“Do you have a musical instrument sitting in the closet? (你的柜子里有放了很久的乐器吗？)”提到了很久不用、闲置了的乐器，下文“dust it off and try it.(掸去灰尘，试一试)”建议读者把闲置的乐器擦一擦灰，试一试。B项“是时候拿出来了。”符合文意，且根据常识，擦灰前应该先把乐器从柜子里拿出来。故选B项。 【19题详解】 根据上文“Do some brain training indoors.(在室内做一些大脑训练。)” 可知，选项承接上文说明在室内做一些大脑训练的具体地点。G项“你可以在家里进行大脑锻炼来保持大脑健康”切题。故选G项。 【20题详解】 根据标题中的“a healthy diet(健康的饮食习惯)”和上文“As we know, food provides nutrition for the brain.(我们知道，食物为大脑提供营养。) ”可知，该段内容与饮食有关。F项“所以吃像蔬菜和水果这样高质量的食物会让大脑保持健康”符合文意。故选F项。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 From the age of eight, I had to contribute my share of labor along with my father. Our family was too ____21____ to afford paid laborers. Working in the rice fields was no easy job, especially in summer. The ____22____ sun would beat upon my arched back. With only a hat, a shirt and a pair of shorts as my ____23____, I would be sweating like a pig within seconds. One day, while resting beside the field, I ____24____ my present life: My family was tied to land, doing ____25____ jobs every day. How could we and farmers like us have ____26____ to a better life? Thinking of this, I was suddenly ____27____ with great pity and great respect for them, and the focus of my ____28____ began to extend beyond myself and my family. A voice inside me ____29____ that I should do something to help that. It was right then that I _____30_____ to pursue useful knowledge and technology to _____31_____ their burden of labour. This undeniable (不可否定的) _____32_____ pushed me hard to go to a university on a scholarship and _____33_____ earn a degree on agriculture. Although now I went into academic research, I would always _____34_____ what working in the rice fields had taught me: Your hard work will be _____35_____ if you plant your feet firmly on the ground, for being down-to-earth is an unbroken truth. 21. A. desperate B. wise C. poor D. proud 22. A. blinding B. amazing C. rising D. burning 23. A. preference B. protection C. purchase D. priority 24. A. puzzled over B. worried about C. believed in D. complained about 25. A. high-paying B. heart-breaking C. back-breaking D. risk-taking 26. A. reactions B. contributions C. access D. addiction 27. A. consumed B. provided C. confused D. troubled 28. A. career B. schedule C. interest D. concern 29. A. protested B. insisted C. warned D. predicted 30. A. attempted B. promised C. resolved D. agreed 31. A. lighten B. quicken C. distribute D. shoulder 32. A. curiosity B. outcome C. fact D. urge 33. A. immediately B. ultimately C. definitely D. rarely 34. A. treasure B. doubt C. adopt D. ignore 35. A. facilitated B. relieved C. challenged D. rewarded 【答案】21. C 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲述了作者少时在农田里帮助家人出劳力工作，十分辛苦。这样的情境下，他思考人生，甚至对农民的生活有了担忧，于是下定决心要学习知识和技术以减轻他们的负担。终于如愿地大学毕业，获得农业学位，进行农业方面的研究。但是，少时田地里的经历时刻铭记心中：脚踏实地，付出的努力就会得到回报，因为脚踏实地是一条亘古不变的真理。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们家太穷了，负担不起雇人。A. desperate绝望的；B. wise聪明的，明智的；C. poor贫穷的；D. proud骄傲的，自豪的。根据前文“From the age of eight, I had to contribute my share of labor along with my father.(从八岁起，我就得和父亲一起做劳力。)”可推知，作者年少时家中贫穷。故选C项。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：灼热的太阳会照在我拱着的背上。A. blinding刺眼的，雪亮的；B. amazing震惊的；C. rising提高的，增加的；D. burning燃烧的，炙热的。根据前文“especially in summer(特别是在夏天)”可知，夏季的烈日刺痛了作者的后背。故选D项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：只有一顶帽子、一件衬衫和一条短裤作为保护，我几秒钟内就会汗流浃背。A. preference喜欢，偏爱；B. protection保护；C. purchase购买，采购；D. priority优先，最重要的事情。根据前文“With only a hat, a shirt and a pair of shorts(只有一顶帽子，一件衬衫和一条短裤)”可知，这些是炎炎夏日里，作者的防护。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：一天，当我在田边休息时，我对我现在的生活陷入思考：我的家人被束缚在土地上，每天做着累人的工作。A. puzzled over苦苦思索；B. worried about担心，担忧；C. believed in相信；D. complained about抱怨。根据后文“My family was tied to land…(我的家庭被束缚在土地上)”分析可知，后文是作者对生活的思考。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一天，当我在田边休息时，我对我现在的生活陷入思考：我的家人被束缚在土地上，每天做着累人的工作。A. high-paying高薪的；B. heart-breaking令人心碎的，让人心疼的；C. back-breaking使人筋疲力尽的；D. risk-taking冒险的。根据前文“Working in the rice fields was no easy job(在稻田里干活可不是件容易的事)”可知，农田里的生活不容易，让人筋疲力尽。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们和像我们这样的农民怎样才能有机会过上更好的生活? A. reactions反应；B. contributions贡献，捐款；C. access获得的机会，使用权，入口；D. addiction上瘾。分析可知，“have access to…”，固定短语，意为“有……的机会”，用在句子中表达“有过上更好的生活的机会”。故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：想到这些，我突然对他们充满了怜悯和尊敬，我关心的焦点开始超越我自己和我的家人。A. consumed消耗，使充满（强烈的感情）；B. provided提供；C. confused使困惑；D. troubled使苦恼，麻烦。分析语境可知，“great pity and great respect for them(对他们极大的同情和尊敬)”是作者当时思考人生时而出现的强烈的感情。“be consumed with…”，可意为“充满某种感情”。故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：想到这些，我突然对他们充满了怜悯和尊敬，我关心的焦点开始超越我自己和我的家人。 A. career事业；B. schedule日程，时间表；C. interest兴趣；D. concern担心，忧虑。分析语境“How could we and farmers like us have ___6___ to a better life?(我们和像我们这样的农民怎样才能有机会过上更好的生活?)”可知，这些都是作者对于农民生活的关注和担忧。故选D项。 29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意： 我内心的一个声音坚持要我做点什么来帮助他们。A. protested反对，抗议；B. insisted坚持；C. warned提醒，警告；D. predicted预言，预测。根据后文“that I should do something to help that(我应该做点什么来帮助他们)”可推知，作者内心的声音坚持认为自己应该有所作为。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：正是从那时起，我决定追求有用的知识和技术，以减轻他们的劳动负担。A. attempted努力，尝试；B. promised允诺；C. resolved解决，做出决定；D. agreed同意。分析语境“to pursue useful knowledge and technology to ____11 ____ their burden of labour(追求有用的知识和技术，减轻他们的劳动负担)”可知，这是作者思考之后决心要做的事情。“resolve to do”，意为“决心去做”。故选C项。 31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：正是从那时起，我决定追求有用的知识和技术，以减轻他们的劳动负担。A. lighten减轻，使变亮；B. quicken加快，加速；C. distribute分发，分配；D. shoulder承担，担负。分析语境“to pursue useful knowledge and technology to…(追求有用的知识和技术)”可知，学习有用的知识和技术是为了减轻负担，让农民的工作不那么累。故选A项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种不可否认的冲动促使我以奖学金进入大学，并最终获得农业学位。A. curiosity好奇；B. outcome收入；C. fact事实；D. urge欲望，冲动。根据后文“pushed me hard to go to a university on a scholarship and ___13 ____ earn a degree on agriculture(促使我以奖学金进入大学，并最终获得农业学位)”可推知，应是一种强烈的欲望和冲动给了作者动力。故选D项。 【33题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：这种不可否认的冲动促使我以奖学金进入大学，并最终获得农业学位。A. immediately立即，马上；B. ultimately最终，最后；C. definitely肯定，确实；D. rarely罕有，很少。根据后文“earn a degree on agriculture(获得农业学位)”可知，作者最后取得了农业学位。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我现在从事学术研究，但我会永远珍惜在稻田里工作的经历：脚踏实地，付出的努力就会得到回报，因为脚踏实地是一条亘古不变的真理。A. treasure珍爱，珍惜；B. doubt怀疑；C. adopt收养，采纳；D. ignore忽略，不理睬。根据后文“Your hard work will be ____15 ____ if you plant your feet firmly on the ground, for being down-to-earth is an unbroken truth.(脚踏实地，付出的努力就会得到回报，因为脚踏实地是一条亘古不变的真理。)”可推知，年少时耕耘的经验是需要珍惜的。故选A项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我现在从事学术研究，但我会永远珍惜在稻田里工作的经历：脚踏实地，付出的努力就会得到回报，因为脚踏实地是一条亘古不变的真理。A. facilitated促进，促使；B. relieved缓解，减轻；C. challenged挑战；D. rewarded奖励，回报。根据后文“if you plant your feet firmly on the ground, for being down-to-earth is an unbroken truth(如果你脚踏实地，因为脚踏实地是一条亘古不变的真理)”可推知，脚踏实地，终将苦尽甘来，得到回报。故选D项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Many foreign experts said the water discharge will have an insignificant impact ___36___ the environment and human health. But with the discharge starting Thursday, public fears and concern ___37___ (share) in its Asian neighbours, where many still bear strong hate of Japan’s World War Ⅱ aggression. In response to the release, China ___38___ (ban) seafood from Japan and said it would “cause damage and harm to the global marine environment ___39___ cannot be predicted”. Hong Kong and Macau said they were banning seafood from Fukushima and nine other Japanese prefectures. North Korea’s Foreign Ministry called the release ___40___ “crime against humanity” and said Japan would be ___41___ (whole) responsible for its “catastrophic consequences”. In South Korea, heated domestic political argument has erupted over its own government’s ___42___ (approve) of the Japanese plan. Liberal critics accused the conservative government ___43___ (lead) by President Yoon Suk Yeol of pushing ___44___ (improve) ties with Japan at the sacrifice (牺牲) of public health. Surveys of South Koreans show that more than 80% of respondents oppose the Japanese discharge plan ___45___ more than 60% said they won’t eat seafood after the water release begins. 【答案】36. on 37. have been shared 38. banned 39. that##which 40. a 41. wholly 42. approval 43. led 44. to improve 45. and 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了日本核污染水排放这一事件，阐述了外国专家对其环境和人类健康影响的不同观点，重点描述了亚洲邻国如中国、韩国、朝鲜以及中国香港和澳门地区对此事的反应。 【36题详解】 考查介词。句意：许多外国专家表示，此次排放的水对环境和人类健康的影响微不足道。impact on为固定短语，表示“对……的影响”，故填on。 【37题详解】 考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意：但随着周四开始排放，公众的恐惧和担忧已经在其亚洲邻国引起了共鸣，那里的许多人仍然对日本在二战中的侵略行为怀有强烈的仇恨。提示词share(共同拥有)是谓语动词，与主语public fears and concern之间是被动关系，且强调从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在的动作，即从日本核污染水开始排放前到现在，这种恐惧和担忧一直存在并被广泛传播开来，应为现在完成时的被动语态，故填have been shared。 【38题详解】 考查一般过去时。句意：作为对此次释放的回应，中国禁止来自日本的海鲜，并表示这将“对全球海洋环境造成无法预测的破坏和危害”。提示词ban(禁止)是谓语动词，与主语China之间是主动关系，根据句中said可知本句陈述过去事实，应用一般过去时。故填banned。 【39题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：作为对此次释放的回应，中国禁止来自日本的海鲜，并表示这将“对全球海洋环境造成无法预测的破坏和危害”。空格处单词引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词environment，指物，关系词将其代入从句中作主语，应用关系代词用that或which引导该从句，故填that/which。 【40题详解】 考查冠词。句意：朝鲜外务省称此次释放是“反人类罪”，并表示日本将对其“灾难性后果”负全部责任。crime是可数名词，泛指“一项罪行”，用不定冠词a，故填a。 【41题详解】 考查副词。句意：朝鲜外务省称此次释放是“反人类罪”，并表示日本将对其“灾难性后果”负全部责任。空处应为副词wholly修饰形容词responsible，作状语。故填wholly。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意：在韩国，本国政府批准日本的计划引发了激烈的国内政治争论。提示词作宾语，用名词approval，意为“批准，许可”，不可数名词，故填approval。 【43题详解】 考查过去分词。句意：自由派批评者指责尹锡悦总统领导的保守派政府以牺牲公共卫生为代价推动改善与日本的关系。“(lead) by President Yoon Suk Yeol”作后置定语，提示词lead(领导)是谓语动词，与逻辑主语the conservative government之间是被动关系，应用过去分词表示被动。故填led。 【44题详解】 考查不定式。句意：自由派批评者指责尹锡悦总统领导保守派政府以牺牲公共卫生为代价推动改善与日本的关系。push to do sth.是固定用法，表示“努力做某事、推动做某事”，用不定式作宾语，故填to improve。 【45题详解】 考查连词。句意：对韩国人的调查显示，超过80%的受访者反对日本的排放计划，超过60%的受访者表示，在放水开始后他们不会吃海鲜。空处连接了两个并列的宾语从句，用连词and连接，故填and。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，得知中国科学技术馆将针对青少年举办一场科技发明大赛，请你写一封邮件邀请同样喜爱科学的外国朋友Peter与你合作，一起参加比赛。内容包括： 1.比赛时间地点； 2.奖励：创新基金； 3.邀请的原因 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Peter, I have a piece of good news for you. China Science and Technology Museum is going to hold a technical invention competition for teenagers. It will take place in the museum on July 8th. The prize for the winner is the innovation fund, which is really useful for those who need money to work on technical inventions. I know you are fond of science and very creative. This is a good chance for you to show your talents and ideas. So would you like to participate in the competition with me? We can work together to put our ideas into practice. Looking forward to hearing from you. Yours Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外国朋友Peter写一封邮件邀请他与你合作，一起参加中国科学技术馆将针对青少年举办一场科技发明大赛。 【详解】1.词汇积累 举办：hold→host/launch 比赛：competition→contest 机会：chance→opportunity 喜欢：be fond of→be keen on 2.句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：I have a piece of good news for you. China Science and Technology Museum is going to hold a technical invention competition for teenagers. 拓展句：I have a piece of good news for you that China Science and Technology Museum is going to hold a technical invention competition for teenagers. 【点睛】【高分句型1】The prize for the winner is the innovation fund, which is really useful for those who need money to work on technical inventions. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】 I know you are fond of science and very creative. (运用了省略that的宾语从句) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Undoubtedly, Mother Nature is always attractive to kids. In our childhood, how often did we turn a deaf ear to our parents’ advice? Very often! Thus, we landed ourselves in a situation where we greatly regretted our act of not having listened to the advice of the wise. Such an unforgettable experience I had at the age of 7 gave me an invaluable lesson, after which I deeply understood why my gentle mother was repeating the boring suggestions and I would try to take her suggestions seriously. In my childhood, I was so crazy about nature that even playing among the colorful flowers in our garden could make my day. Our house was next to the woods which had always stirred up(激起) great curiosity in me in wanting to find out what was within. Every time I saw fascinating butterflies dancing from the woods, my curiosity grew. But my mother didn’t like me wandering off on my own and always ensured that I was within her sight. Even if she allowed me to explore the surrounding area on my own, it was only to be somewhere near the house. Being as curious as the cat, I always desired to explore the woods. It seemed as if my mother had understood my desire, so she had warmed me on lots of occasions never to enter the woods alone. “Mom, can I go out and play in the garden?” I asked. “Sure,” she would reply each time. “Kate, you can play in the garden but you must promise me one thing—only when I’m with you can you go into the woods. There are no cases of animal attacks on humans, but it’s still dangerous for a little kid like you. It’s too easy to get lost in the woods.” “Sure, you’ve said that many times!” I answered without patience at her repeated reminders. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 However, curiosity got the better of me one morning. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ “Kate?” Behind the trees covered by the rays of the setting sun came my mother’s voice. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文 1 However, curiosity got the better of me one morning. Ignoring my mother’s reminder, I slid into the forbidden world. How fascinating! Among various colorful flowers danced butterflies. With excitement, I chased after the graceful creatures, running deeper into the woods. Suddenly they flew over trees and disappeared. What’s worse, I got lost! I rushed around, crying for help, frightened and helpless, but in vain. I repeated the useless efforts until sunset. “If only I followed Mom’s reminder!” I curled up under a tree, in bitter regret and cried again. “Kate?” Behind the trees covered by the rays of the setting sun came my mother’s voice. “Mom! I’m here!” Wild with joy, I rushed towards where the voice came from. Behind a tree appeared my mother. She dashed up, hugged me tight and checked whether I got hurt. “I’m so sorry! I should have appreciated your suggestion!” I burst into tears. Wiping tears from my muddy face, she repeated the reminders, which weren’t boring any more, but wise and affectionate, and were implanted in my life forever. 参考范文 2 However, curiosity got the better of me one morning. I summoned up my courage and decided to take a chance. Hardly had I entered the woods when I was totally attracted by the sight. The wandering clouds, the blooming flowers and the vigorous trees all kept me spellbound. At the sight of a beautiful butterfly, I tiptoed along the path, bent over, cupped my hands gently and danced with it down the track. Time flew and before I knew it, I was deep in the woods, unable to find the way out. With a feeling of horror totally holding me in its power, I squatted down under a tree, tears rolling down my cheeks. “Kate?” Behind the trees covered by the rays of the setting sun came my mother’s voice. Hearing my mom’s voice, I yelled in a quivering tone, rushed towards her direction and threw my arms around her. Noticing my misty eyes, she patted me on the shoulders and checked whether I got hurt. Choked with emotion, I whispered, “I am OK, Mom. I will never go into the woods without your company and permission.” Shooting me an approving look, she added, “Next time you want to come, keep me informed!” In the setting sun, we headed back and this time, I held my mom’s hand tightly. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述我对家附近的小森林充满了好奇心，但是妈妈总是提醒我不能独自进入森林。 【详解】1. 段落续写 ①由第一段首句内容“然而，一天早上，好奇心战胜了我。”可知，本段可以写我被森林里的一切所吸引，越走越远，然后就迷路了。 ②由第二段首句内容““凯特？”在夕阳的余晖笼罩下的树林后面传来了母亲的声音。”可知，本段可以写妈妈找到我，我明白了父母建议的重要性以及其中的智慧。 2. 续写线索：我进入森林深处——我迷路——我哭泣后悔——妈妈出现——我明白道理 3. 词类激活 行为类 ①哭：cry/weep/burst into tears ②拥抱：hug/embrace ③跑：rush/dash/run 情绪类 ①迷人的：fascinating/charming/attractive/fascinating ②兴奋：excitement/stimulation ③快乐：joy/delight/happiness 【点睛】【高分句型1】She dashed up, hugged me tight and checked whether I got hurt. (运用了whether引导的宾语从句) 【高分句型2】Wiping tears from my muddy face, she repeated the reminders, which weren’t boring any more, but wise and affectionate, and were implanted in my life forever. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 听力 1—5 BBABB 6—10 CCBAB 11—15 ABBAA 16—20 CBCCB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试内参模拟测试卷(三) 英语 听力部分录音材料 听力考试现在开始。 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A 、B 、C三个选项中选出最佳选 项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 Text 1 M : Jane , your brother Tim is the best person for the job. W : Really? But he’s not experienced at all. Text 2 W : Thank you very much for such a pleasant evening. M : I’m glad that you enjoyed it. Do come again during your summer vacation! Text 3 M : I always want to eat something about this time of the day. W : So do I. Let’ s have a cake or something else , and then have a break. Text 4 M : What are you going to do for your summer vacation? W : I’m going to travel with my friends to Asia. We plan to leave in mid-July and return at the end of August. Text 5 M : Congratulations! I know you have got a job. When will you start to work? W : You must be thinking of someone else. I’m still waiting for the good news. 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B 、C三个选 项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后， 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 Text 6 W : Good morning , Mr.sharp. I’m very sorry I’m late. M : You are late every morning. Miss smith. You were late on Tuesday, yesterday. . . Do not you have a watch? W : Yes , but it wasn’t my fault. I stood in the rain for an hour this morning. I waited and waited for a bus , and then when one came , it was full. M : How about yesterday and the day before yesterday? W : Well , I came by taxi yesterday and. . . M : And you were still late! And Tuesday? W : Tuesday. . . I went to see the doctor and I sat in his chair for about two hours. It was terrible! M : And tomorrow , Miss smith? W : sorry , I promise not to be late again , sir. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 Text 7 W : Excuse me , could you tell me how to get to the National Museum? M : Sure , take the No. 7 bus at the street corner down there. Get off at the main road or take a taxi if you like. W : How long does it take to get there? M : About 15 minutes on foot and less time by bus or by taxi. W : Thank you very much. By the way , where are you going? M : I’m going to the National Museum , too. I heard that there is an Egypt exhibition this afternoon. W : Why not go together? M : That’s a good idea. Here comes a taxi. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 Text 8 W : Jim , I’ m sorry to have kept you waiting for so long. M : oh , Mary , I don’t mind. I have only been here for 10minutes. You said you might be half an hour late , so I just bought a piece of newspaper and ordered a cup of coffee for myself. W : That sounds wonderful. M : When is the show supposed to start? W : Don’t worry. It doesn’t start until 9:30. We still have 20 minutes. M : Where is the gift you promised to bring me? Didn’t you go shopping this morning? W : I planned to, but the car was out of order , so I did some sewing with my sister Lucy. M : Oh , I see. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 Text 9 W : Hello, Tom. What’s the matter? M : I have got a pain in my right arm. W : Lie down , please. Let me examine you. Pain here? Here? M : Ouch! W : You’ve got your arm hurt badly. How did it happen? M : I was playing basketball this afternoon. The ball hit my arm when I tried to catch it. W : oh , I see. Go to have your arm bound tightly , take this medicine three times a day and have a good rest for a few days. M : I feel so terrible. Will I be disabled? W : No, nothing serious. Take it easy. A few days later , you’ll be fine. M : That’s great. Thank you. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 Text 10 The people of oklahoma city in America weren’t very happy in the year 1935. The city had just started using some new machines. The people weren’t happy because they had to put money in the machines if they wanted to park their cars in the street. Do you know what kind of machines they were? They were the world’s first parking meters. oklahoma city needed money to pay the people who worked for the city , so the city asked the car drivers to pay if they wanted to park their cars in the street. This idea was so new that it shocked almost everyone. Today , of course , parking meters can be seen in nearly every town and city in America. It seems that money is needed almost everywhere. 听力考试到此结束。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$