第1部分 选择性必修第3册 Unit 4 ADVERSITY AND COURAGE-【名师导航】2025年高考英语一轮总复习课件（人教版）

第一部分 教材知识讲练 选择性必修第三册 UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE 续 写 语 料 积 累 背诵·句之美 欣赏·语之秀 1．(行为描写)(2024·潍坊统一考试)Kids ran all around me happily, jumping, running and screaming． 2．(心理描写)(2024·长春质量监测)Recalling the joyful moment, a mixture of guilt and unwillingness overwhelmed her． 3．(景物描写)(2024·沈阳市联考)A pot of flowers sat in the back seat, whose heavenly scene filled the car． (2024·常德市模拟)Suddenly, a motorcycle roared past me, almost knocking me down．He turned to look at me, and for a split second, I saw his face—cruel, glaring eyes．A flood of fear crept over me．However, courage from nowhere got me to shout “Hey! Are you mad！” 选择性必修第三册　UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE 语基 自主检测 · 目标确立 核心单词 语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空) 1．____ vi．沉没；下沉；下降 vt．使下沉；使沉没 2．______ n．& vi．航海；航行 3．____ vi．&n．(狗)吠叫；吠叫声 4．____ adj．潮湿的；湿气重的 5．_________ vt．& vi．公布；宣传；做广告 6．_____ adj．汹涌的；粗糙的；粗略的 7．______ n．侄子；外甥 8．______ adj．严寒的；激烈而不愉快的；味苦的 9．_________ n．候选人；应试者 10．_______ adj．真正的；真诚的；可信赖的 1．He picked up a stone，and let fly at the _______(bark) dog． 2．The list includes all the students who have not been admitted but who officials believe might make good _________(candidate) for their university． 3．My heart ____(sink) as I heard the news that I failed in the examination． 4．On Tuesday，Chinese people embraced the first day of sanfu，the hottest and _______(damp) period of the year． 5．The weather was at its worst; ________(bitter) cold，with gray skies that gave minimum visibility． 6．A local farmer told them the dog sounded like one __________(advertise) as lost in the local paper． 7．I heard a happy laugh from behind and quickly recognized it as my ________ (nephew)． sink voyage bark damp advertise rough nephew bitter candidate genuine barking candidates sank dampest bitterly advertised nephew's 选择性必修第三册　UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE 派生单词 语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空) 1．endure v．容忍；忍耐→_________ n． 忍耐力；耐久力 2．enthusiastic adj．热情的；热心的→__________ n．热情 3．belong vi．属于；应归于→__________ n．[pl.]财物；动产 4．resolve vi．& vt．决定；决心；解决(问题或困难) n．决心；坚定的信念→__________ n．决议；解决；坚定 5．persevere vi．坚持；孜孜以求→____________ n．毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神 6．loyal adj．忠诚的；忠实的→_______ n．忠诚；忠实；忠心 1．Running a marathon requires a lot of _________ and mental toughness to ______ the long distance and physical challenges． (endure) 2．Countless failures did not make him lose his __________ for inventions．On the contrary，he has become more ____________ than ever before．(enthusiastic) 3．The lockers，which ______ to our travel agency，are available to store any __________ so that tourists can feel safe and have a sense of _________ during their visit．(belong) 4．We have made a _______ to find an appropriate __________ to the conflict，but it does take much time for it to be ________ peacefully．(resolve) 5．My dog，who stays _____ to me and my family，is a symbol of _______ and courage．(loyal) endurance enthusiasm belongings resolution perseverance loyalty endurance endure enthusiasm enthusiastic belong belongings belonging resolve resolution resolved loyal loyalty 三维 三层 考点 语基 课时分层作业 选择性必修第三册　UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE 高频短语 语境运用(选用左栏短语的适当形式填空) 1．____________　拒绝(某人) 2．_________保持；不降低 3．________放出(热、光、气味或气体) 4．______________梦想着…… 5．____________________每况愈下；越来越糟 6．_______坚持；稍等；抓住；不挂断电话 7．________ (使)振作起来；(使)高兴起来 1．On the edge of the jacket，there is a piece of cloth that _________ light in the dark． 2．All I can do is tell her to _______ and let her know that there's light at the end of the tunnel． 3．He intended to join the army but was ___________ because of his poor health． 4．Friends can provide emotional support and help ____ our spirits __ during difficult times． 5．There is no denying that their quality of life is _______________________． turn sb down keep...up give off dream of/about go from bad to worse hold on cheer up gives off hold on turned down keep up going from bad to worse 三维 三层 考点 语基 课时分层作业 选择性必修第三册　UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE 原句结构辨识 写作佳句背诵 1．as...as...结构 How could I become as selfish and bad-tempered as Thomas Orde-Lees！ 爸爸急忙赶回家，结果发现我们破旧的房子已沦为一片废墟。 Father rushed back home，only to discover our shabby house was __________ a pancake．(续写之场景描写) 2．as/so long as引导条件状语从句 It will eventually lead to success as long as you persevere． 只要你有梦想，就去追求，千万不要轻易放弃。 ___________________________，just go for it，and never give it up easily．(续写之主题升华) as flat as As long as you have a dream 三维 三层 考点 语基 课时分层作业 选择性必修第三册　UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE 考点 归纳探究 · 精准讲练 ①He is serious about every task ________(assign) to him and has a strong ability to solve problems． ②(2019·天津卷)Occasionally，I would read a novel that ____________(assign)，but I didn't enjoy this type of reading． ③(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Students will work in groups to complete four ___________ (assignment) during the course． 1．assign vt．[课本义]分派；布置；分配　[增补义]确定；转让 assigned was assigned assignments 选择性必修第三册　UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE ◎assign sb sth＝assign sth to sb安排/分配某事(物)给某人 ◎assign sb to...指派某人承担……；把某人分派到…… ◎assign sb to do sth指派某人做某事 ◎assignment n．任务；作业；分配 词汇升级 (普通表达)The teacher gave each of the children a different task． (高级表达)The teacher ________ a different task to each of the children． assigned ◎assign the participants randomly to four groups将参与者随机分为四组 ◎be assigned to help with peacekeeping被派去协助维护和平 ◎assign copyright to the publisher将版权转让给出版商 三维 三层 考点 语基 课时分层作业 选择性必修第三册　UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE 2．envy n．& vt．羡慕；妒忌 ①I bought a new type of mobile phone，which was ___ envy of all my colleagues． ②Aged people are always _______(envy) of young people's energy and enthusiasm． ③Many people envied me _____(go) abroad for further studies，which in fact was to change my life． the envious going 三维 三层 考点 语基 课时分层作业 选择性必修第三册　UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE ◎be the envy of sb成为某人羡慕/嫉妒的对象；为某人所羡慕 ◎out of envy出于嫉妒 ◎envy sb sth羡慕/嫉妒某人的…… ◎envy sb doing sth羡慕/嫉妒某人做某事 ◎envious adj．羡慕的；妒忌的 ◎be envious of...羡慕/嫉妒…… 心理描写 想到她得到我妈妈那么多的关爱，一股嫉妒之情如潮水般涌上我的心头。 _____________________________________________ when I thought of how much affection she had received from my mother． A wave of envy came flooding/sweeping over me 三维 三层 考点 语基 课时分层作业 选择性必修第三册　UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE ◎envy him his good looks羡慕他长得英俊 ◎envy you having a close family羡慕你有一个亲密的家庭 ◎be the envy of the world令世人羡慕 三维 三层 考点 语基 课时分层作业 选择性必修第三册　UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE 3．abandon [课本义]vt．舍弃；抛弃；放弃　[增补义]vt．中止；陷入 n．放任；放纵 ①I heard that you had abandoned ________(carry) out the plan because you were short of money． ②Most of the young men abandoned __________(they) to the pleasure and forgot all about the time． ③(2022·全国乙卷)The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel _________(abandon)． carrying themselves abandoned 三维 三层 考点 语基 课时分层作业 选择性必修第三册　UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE ◎abandon (doing) sth放弃(做)某事 ◎abandon oneself to (doing) sth沉湎于(做)某事；纵情于(做)某事 ◎abandoned adj．无约束的；无度的；放荡的 ◎be abandoned to (doing) sth沉湎于(做)某事 场景描写 面对这些愤怒的质问，他想说点什么，却一时语塞。 Faced with these angry questions，he tried to speak，but for once，_________ ______________． his voice abandoned him 三维 三层 考点 语基 课时分层作业 选择性必修第三册　UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE ◎be abandoned by his mother被他母亲抛弃 ◎give the order to abandon ship发布弃船的命令 ◎abandon himself to despair使他自己陷入绝望 三维 三层 考点 语基 课时分层作业 选择性必修第三册　UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE 4．guidance n．指导；引导；导航 ①The company's “Oshbot” robot is built to help guide customers __ the product's location in the store． ②The students were encouraged to tackle tough problems under the ________(guide) of gifted teachers． ③Join a ______(guide) bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington D．C． to guidance guided 三维 三层 考点 语基 课时分层作业 选择性必修第三册　UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE ◎guidance on sth/how to do sth关于(做)某事的指导 ◎under/with the guidance of sb＝under/with one's guidance在某人的指导下 ◎guide vt．给某人领路；指导；解释 n．指南；向导 ◎guide sb to...领某人去……(to为介词) ◎a guide to...关于……的指南 行为描写 在他们爸爸的悉心指导下，没过多久，法式烤面包和鸡肉粥就做好了。 __________________________________________________________________，it didn't take long before the French toast and chicken porridge were ready． Under the careful guidance of their father/With their father guiding them carefully 三维 三层 考点 语基 课时分层作业 选择性必修第三册　UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE ◎under/with the guidance of an experienced tutor在经验丰富的导师的指导下 ◎need guidance on how to handle the problem需要处理该问题的指导 ◎a guide to making your home comfortable舒适家居指南 三维 三层 考点 语基 课时分层作业 选择性必修第三册　UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE 5．[教材原句]Well，it so happened that one morning I bought a newspaper and read the advertisement about the Antarctic expedition．嗯，碰巧有天早上我买了一份报纸，看到了有关南极探险的广告。 ①(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)It just happened ____ I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot． ②Another time five months ago I happened _____(be) upstairs at dusk when the window was open． ③(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)__ happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for temporary help during our spring break． that to be It 三维 三层 考点 语基 课时分层作业 选择性必修第三册　UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE 动词happen有“碰巧”之意，常用于“happen to be/to do/to be doing/to have done等”结构，还可构成句型“it (so/just) happens/happened that...”和短语“as it happens/happened”。 景物描写 那片枫叶森林真是迷人，正巧秋天降临，枫叶变得像火焰一般红艳夺目。 The maple forest was charming，and ______________________________________ _________________，and the maple leaves looked as red as flames． as it happens，autumn fell/it happened that autumn fell Nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because the lights happened to go out．没有人注意到小偷溜进了房子，因为灯碰巧熄灭了。 三维 三层 考点 语基 课时分层作业 选择性必修第三册　UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE 6．[教材原句]Soon after we arrived，Shackleton left us to find help on South Georgia Island，1，320 kilometres away...我们到达后不久，沙克尔顿就离开我们，去到1 320公里外的南乔治亚岛寻求帮助……。 ①(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)But that's how nature is—always leaving us __________ (astonish)． ②(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)They put some rice into a pot of water and left it _______ (boil) while they made the French toast． ③(2023·浙江1月卷)If you have individuals who are not on board，your words probably won't do much and can often leave you _______(feel) more discouraged． astonished to boil feeling 三维 三层 考点 语基 课时分层作业 选择性必修第三册　UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE 教材原句中的leave作“离开”解，但leave还有“使；让”之意，常用于“leave＋宾语＋宾补(to do/doing/done/adj．等)”结构，此时，宾语与宾补之间具有逻辑上的主谓关系，即宾语是宾补动作的发出者或承受者。 事物描写 这些法国草莓犹如小小的味觉炸弹在我嘴里爆开，让我下次想要更多。 These French strawberries exploded in my mouth like little flavor bombs，_________________________________． leaving me wanting more next time From the teacher's point of view，children should be left to decide what to read and how to read．该老师认为，应该让孩子们决定读什么和怎么读。 三维 三层 考点 语基 课时分层作业 选择性必修第三册　UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE 7．[教材原句]If it weren't for sea animals，we would all starve．要不是这些海洋动物，我们都得饿死。 ①If __ weren't for Rachel Carson，the environmental movement might not exist today． ②_____(be) it not for the support of the teachers，the student could not overcome her difficulty． ③(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)If food waste ____(be) a country，it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world． it Were were 三维 三层 考点 语基 课时分层作业 选择性必修第三册　UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE 在if引导虚拟条件状语从句时，从句的谓语动词要用一般过去时或过去完成时，而主句的谓语动词要用would/should/might/could do/be或would/should/might/ could have done/been形式。另外，if it weren't for...和if it had not been for...是固定句式，其中的if可省略，从句用部分倒装语序。 情感描写 要不是爸爸，我哪会有今天的成就。 If it weren't for Dad，______________________________． I wouldn't be where I am today If it had not been for your timely assistance，the consequences might have been much more serious．如果当时你不及时帮助，后果可能会更严重。 三维 三层 考点 语基 课时分层作业 选择性必修第三册　UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE 三层 强基固本 · 达标训练 Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空。 1．How I envied them ______(take) an extra day off so that they could go to Disneyland! 2．High school students will need careful ________(guide) on their choice of optional subjects． 3．Despite the bad weather，the rescue team did not abandon _________(search) for the earthquake victims． taking guidance searching 选择性必修第三册　UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE 4．We can't forget that deep relationships wouldn't even exist if it ____(be) not for casual conversation． 5．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷改)All the assignments will be submitted by the ________ (assign) date through our management system． 6．(2022·浙江1月卷改)The real estate firm where she had worked for ten years as an office manager went broke and left her _______(look) for a new job． were assigned looking 三维 三层 考点 语基 课时分层作业 选择性必修第三册　UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词。 1．Apparently，Betty was envious __ her sister's new fashionable dress． 2．She abandoned herself __ grief after her husband died of heart trouble． 3．This year，__ it happens，scientists in Japan proved that plants really do respond to sound． 4．(2020·新高考Ⅱ卷)Readers are encouraged to continue exploring the digital world __________ the guidance of our Further Resources section featured in each volume． of to as with/under 三维 三层 考点 语基 课时分层作业 选择性必修第三册　UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空。 1．There was nothing like a good dinner and some music ________(cheer) us up． 2．I'd rather not talk about it too much because I want to avoid ______(give) trade secrets away． 3．One afternoon，I was crossing the field to go home and saw Miller _____(stick) going over a fence． 4．It is reported that the number of warships stationed outside European waters has _______ (rough) doubled． to cheer giving stuck roughly 三维 三层 考点 语基 课时分层作业 选择性必修第三册　UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词。 1．(2020·天津卷)Jim says we can stay in his house _____ long as we leave it clean and tidy． 2．Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle ________ is ahead of you for the day． 3．The company's commitment __ providing quality at a reasonable price has been vital to its success． 4．Moore is enthusiastic _____ the candy she created，and she's also positive about what the future might bring． as/so whatever to about 三维 三层 考点 语基 课时分层作业 选择性必修第三册　UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE Ⅰ．熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思) 1．(2023·浙江1月卷)The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads，but also outside，in society，in social memory，social conventions and social relations． _ A．分配　　　　B．确定　　　　C．指派 2．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Jenna threw the burnt piece into the sink and put in the other slice of bread． _ A．下沉 　　　 B．下降　　 　 C．洗碗槽 3．(2019·天津卷)Erin had gone beyond what almost anyone would have done，finding my house on a bitterly cold night，and for that I was extremely grateful． _ A．苦涩地 　　 B．愤怒地 　　 C．极其 B C C 三维 三层 考点 语基 课时分层作业 选择性必修第三册　UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE 化繁为简　本句是一个并列复合句，可简化为：The...calf is the second black rhino...，but it is too early to tell if...。句中的but连接两个____句，第一个分句中的born...是过去分词短语作后置____修饰rhino，第二个分句中的if引导____从句，从句中的make意为“成为”，to be returned是不定式短语作____修饰candidates。 [尝试翻译]__________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ Ⅱ．长难语句(分析句子的结构并翻译成汉语) 1．(2021·全国甲卷)The adorable female calf is the second black rhino born this year at the reserve，but it is too early to tell if the calves will make good candidates to be returned to protected areas of the wild． 这头可爱的雌性小犀牛是今年在保护区出生的第二头黑犀牛，但现在判断这些小犀牛是否会成为返回野生保护区的优质候选者还为时过早。 并列 定语 宾语 定语 三维 三层 考点 语基 课时分层作业 选择性必修第三册　UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE 化繁为简　本句是一个复合句，可简化为：Recent research suggested that if...，the emotional response...is...reduced or...erased。句中的that引出____从句，此从句又含有一个if引导的________从句，tied to it是过去分词短语作____修饰从句的主语response。 [尝试翻译]___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ 2．(2021·北京卷)Recent research suggests that if an argument gets resolved，the emotional response tied to it is significantly reduced or almost completely erased． 最近的研究表明，如果争辩得到解决，与之相关的情绪反应会显著减少或几乎完全消除。 宾语 条件状语 定语 三维 三层 考点 语基 课时分层作业 选择性必修第三册　UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE 三维 提能培优 · 进阶训练 My nephew Bill led a decent and cosy life，but he was full of vigour and often showed great courage in adversity．Being particularly 1．____________(enthusiasm) about adventures，he had been dreaming of making a voyage．At age 21，Bill resolved to join an expedition，2．_____ he was assigned as a steward earning the lowest wage．On a 3．________(bitter) cold day，the crew got aboard a ship bound for Africa．Bill was good-tempered and loyal 4．__ his duty．Moreover，he was not selfish，always 5．_______(show) genuine concern for others．That's why everyone enthusiastic where bitterly to showing 选择性必修第三册　UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE on board liked him．Unfortunately，the ship got crushed by an iceberg and was about 6．_______(sink)．At this critical moment，the qualified captain made a commitment to take the crew to safety，expecting them never to abandon the hope of survival．All belongings 7．___________(throw) away except for the small boats，food，stoves and blankets．They landed on a desert island after three days at sea．You couldn't imagine how much they had suffered in such cruel 8．__________(condition)．It was their discipline and team spirit as well as their 9．_________(endure) and perseverance that counted for their ultimate survival．A month later，they were rescued by a passing ship．It was a miserable 10．___ unforgettable episode in Bill's life． to sink were thrown conditions endurance but 三维 三层 考点 语基 课时分层作业 选择性必修第三册　UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE Step 1．单句写作(利用本单元知识补全所给英文句子) ①逆境使人成长，而痛苦的经历使人变得更加成熟。 _____________________________，while ________________ make people more mature． ②玛丽和彼得都热衷于探险，计划坐小船去一个荒岛探险。 Mary and Peter，both _________________________，planned _______________ ___________________________． ③上周三，他们出发前往该岛，但在途中遇到了暴风雨，船几乎沉没。 Last Wednesday，they _____________________，but on the way they encountered a storm and ____________________． Adversity allows people to grow bitter experiences enthusiastic about exploration an expedition to an abandoned island by boat set off for the island the boat almost sank 三维 三层 考点 语基 课时分层作业 选择性必修第三册　UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE ④幸运的是，他们最终成功地登上了该岛。 ___________，they finally succeeded in _____________________． ⑤他们进入了森林，在那里晚上要睡在树上而不是舒适的床上。 They went into the forest，where they had to ________________________________ ______． ⑥他们以极大的毅力完成了痛苦的旅程，从中受益匪浅。 _______________________ they ______________________________，from which they benefited a great deal． Fortunately landing on the island sleep in trees at night instead of cosy beds With great perseverance completed the miserable journey 三维 三层 考点 语基 课时分层作业 选择性必修第三册　UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE Step 2．衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇) Adversity allows people to grow，while bitter experiences make people more mature．Mary and Peter，both enthusiastic about exploration，planned an expedition to an abandoned island by boat．Last Wednesday，they set off for the island，but on the way they encountered a storm and the boat almost sank．Fortunately，they finally succeeded in landing on the island．Then，they went into the forest，where they had to sleep in trees at night instead of cosy beds．With great perseverance they completed the miserable journey，from which they benefited a great deal． 三维 三层 考点 语基 课时分层作业 选择性必修第三册　UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE Step 1．储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇) 用于人物描写的词汇 用于动作描写的词汇 cosy; unselfish; loyal; envy; enthusiastic; assignment; bitterly abandon; go from bad to worse; sink; resolve; commitment 三维 三层 考点 语基 课时分层作业 选择性必修第三册　UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE Step 2．续写练笔(完成下面的续写片段并背诵) 李华在妈妈的悉心照料下过着舒适的生活。他没有私念，对朋友忠诚，因此很受同学们的欢迎。他过去学习很努力，成绩也很好，这使他成为被全校羡慕的人。然而，近几个月来，他开始沉迷于电脑游戏。他不再热衷于学习，也不认真完成作业。他的成绩越来越差。当他妈妈知道以后，她的心沉了下去，她气得痛哭起来。现在李华感到羞愧和内疚，他决心改变，承诺远离电脑游戏。 三维 三层 考点 语基 课时分层作业 选择性必修第三册　UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE Li Hua _________________，with his mom attending to him carefully．He is __________________________________，thus popular with his schoolmates．He ________________ and get good grades，__________________________________ _______．However，in recent months he began to _________________________ ________．He _________________________________________，nor ________ _________________________．His grades were going _______________．When his mom knew it，_________________________________________．Now Li Hua feels ashamed and guilty and _______________________，___________________ to stay away from computer games． leads a cosy life unselfish and loyal to his friends used to study hard which made him the envy of the whole school abandon himself to computer games was no longer enthusiastic about learning did he finish his assignment seriously from bad to worse her heart sank and she wept bitterly with anger he has resolved to change making a commitment 三维 三层 考点 语基 课时分层作业 选择性必修第三册　UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE $$