第1部分 选择性必修第1册 Unit 4 BODY LANGUAGE-【名师导航】2025年高考英语一轮总复习讲义（人教版）

BODY LANGUAGE 续写语料积累 背诵·句之美 欣赏·语之秀 1．(行为描写)(2024·吉林调研测试)Instead, she threw herself onto the bed and cried into her pillow, sinking into her deep sorrow． 2．(景物描写)(2024·连云港市模拟)Further up, the weather changes—low clouds envelop the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass． 3．(人物描写)(2024·潍坊名校联考)He is a kind-hearted young officer, always working hard and devoting himself to his duty． (2024·长沙适应性考试)I dragged myself out of the bed and all the routines began early．I dropped my two older children at school with relief and unwillingly headed to the supermarket to buy groceries with my youngest．I wasn't feeling any sense of appreciation for my comfortable home or lovely family． 核心单词 语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空) 1．____________ vt．表现；表达；说明；证明 2．_____ n．故作姿态；(为画像、拍照等摆的)姿势 vi．摆好姿势 vt．造成(威胁、问题等) 3．_____ vt．&vi．(使)弯曲；倾斜；偏向 4．_______ vt．揭示；显示；露出 5．________ vt．使更清晰易懂；阐明；澄清 6．______ vt．意味着；暗示 7．______ vi．盯着看；凝视 n．凝视 8．_________ vt．察觉；看待；理解 9．_______ vi．& vt．费心；麻烦；因……操心 n．麻烦；不便 10．_____ vi．& vt．哭泣；流泪 11．_________ n．矛盾；冲突 vi．冲突；抵触 12．________ vi．& vt．询问；打听 1．According to the report，________(stare) at the cellphone for long periods of time will damage our eyesight gradually． 2．__________(reveal) the secret made them anxious，which even angered the headmaster． 3．Having these personality traits ________ (imply) the pre-anger state，where anger is in the background of your mind． 4．Currently，the spread of water shortages ______(pose) the most immediate threat to Africa． 5．She opened the letter without __________ (bother) to read the address on the envelope． 6．The branch _____(bend) but didn't break when the boy climbed on to it． 7．The patient was wheeled to the emergency room when he ______________(perceive) to have difficulty in breathing． 8．The girl broke down and _____(weep) when she saw the deer shot dead． 9．Obviously，children are the primary victims of a series of armed __________ (conflict) in war-torn countries and regions． 派生单词 语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空) 1．employ vt．使用；应用；雇用→___________ n．工作；职业；雇用；使用→_________ n．雇主→_________ n．雇员 2．rely v．依靠；信赖→_________ adj．可靠的；可信赖的 3．assess vt．评估；评价→___________ n．评价；评定 4．educate vt．教育，教导→_________ n．教师；教育工作者；教育家→__________ n．教育→_________ adj．受过良好教育的 5．anxious adj．焦虑的；担心的→________ n．焦虑；担心；害怕 6．adjust vt．调整；调节 vi．& vt．适应；(使)习惯→___________ n．调整；调节；适应→___________ adj．可调整的；可调节的 1．An _________ usually decides within a few days whether his __________ are suitable for a certain job after they are _________．(employ) 2．I think your friend Li Ming is _________，and you may _____ on it that he can offer you a hand whenever you're in trouble．(rely) 3．Many an _________ believes that the purpose of __________ is to help the _________ gain full development in their lives．(educate) 4．(2021·北京卷)By distracting the mind from the pain，music，people say，can lower stress and ________ levels．(anxious) 5．The desks and seats are ___________ and can be _________ to the height of any child．Moreover，it's very easy to make the ___________．(adjust) 高频短语 语境运用(选用左栏短语的适当形式填空) 1．____________相比之下 2．______________ (与……)相比较 3．___________消除；分解；打破；失败 4．______________直起来；整理；收拾整齐 5．_______________换句话说；也就是说 6．________ (短暂地)访问；要求(某人讲话等)；正式邀请 7．________有某种影响；在工作 1．They asked him to leave—___________ ____ he was fired． 2．Laughing proves to be a good approach to relieving the tension that builds up ________． 3．______________ with other European countries，car prices in the UK are very high． 4．I hope to achieve the goal of creating a smoke-free school by ___________ smokers to care for others． 5．The negotiation ___________ because one side refused to play the game． 6．They spent an hour _________________ the house，which was in a mess after the party． 原句结构辨识 写作佳句背诵 1．by doing...作方式状语 We can learn a lot about what people are thinking by watching their body language． 他补充说，他确实通过接近自然和过简朴的生活找到了幸福与安宁。 He added that he did find happiness and peace ______ _______________________________________．(续写之人物描写) 2．not everyone部分否定 Of course，not everyone who looks up is paying attention in class． 你信中所说大多我都赞同，但并不赞同你说的一切。 I agree with most of what you said in your letter，but I ____________________________．(应用文之建议信) 1．vary vi．(根据情况)变化；改变 ①(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Class activities will vary _____ day to day，but students must be ready to complete short in-class writings or tests． ②(2022·全国乙卷)The snow was marked only by small animals: foxes，coyotes，mice，and ________(vary) hares，which turned white in the winter． ③(2021·北京卷)Albert Einstein added another wrinkle when he theorized that time _______(vary) depending on where you measure it． 逾百个湖泊，大小不一，形状各异，在璀璨的阳光下闪耀着绚丽的色彩，它们是九寨沟风景的精华所在。 __________________________，sparkling with colors in brilliant sunlight，the more than 100 lakes are the essence of landscapes in the Jiuzhaigou Valley． ◎vary from...to.../between...and...在……到……之间变化；从……到……不等；介于……到……之间 ◎vary in...在……方面不同 ◎vary with...随着……而变化 ◎varying adj．不同的；可变化的；易变的 ◎varied adj．多种多样的；形形色色的 ◎vary from around ￡ 150 to ￡ 250 大概介于150至250英镑之间 ◎drop two objects of varying weights扔下两个不同重量的物体 ◎lead a full and varied life过着丰富多彩的生活 2．approve vi．赞成；同意 vt．批准；通过 ①My parents don't approve of Richard and me ________(stay) out late every night． ②Kate took it for granted that her parents would approve ___ her marriage． ③Many youngsters now measure their status by how much public _________(approve) they get online，often through “likes”． (普通表达)He agreed with our idea of making a video to record our experiences at school． (高级表达)He __________________________ our idea of making a video to record our experiences at school． ◎approve sth批准某事 ◎approve of sth赞成/同意某事 ◎approve of (sb/one's) doing sth赞成/同意(某人)做某事 ◎approval n．赞成；同意；批准 ◎with one's approval得到某人的批准或同意 ◎approving adj．同意的；赞许的 ◎approve of the use of firearms同意使用枪支 ◎approve of me/my leaving school同意我离校 ◎gain/earn his father's approval获得他父亲的同意或赞许 3．witness vt．当场看到；目击；见证　n．目击者；证人 ①History ______________(witness) the endless productions of Shakespearean plays in every major language of the world． ②(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)However，her children have learned an important lesson ___________(witness) their mother earn her degree． ③Someone broke into the bank last night and the police are now looking for witnesses ___ the robbery． (普通表达)Great changes have taken place in that country over the last decades． (高级表达)The last decades _____________________________ in that country． ◎(a) witness to sth某事的目击证人 ◎witness sth/that...目击…… ◎witness to (doing/having done) sth证实或证明(做了)某事 ◎witnesses to the plane crash空难的目击者 ◎witness many political changes经历多次政治变动 ◎witness to seeing the man enter the room证明见过那人进入了房间 4．favour vt．较喜欢；选择；有利于 n．帮助；恩惠；赞同 ①In order to win the support of voters，no politician favours ________(cut) public spending． ②(2020·天津7月卷)Asking __ favor of the President of the United States was no casual matter，especially for a seventeen-year-old girl． ③(2020·天津5月卷)A survey carried out last year showed that 80% of the middle-aged in this city were ___ favour of the proposal on health care reform． 毕竟，机会只青睐那些准备充分且不断前行的人。 After all，_______________________________ who are well prepared and keep moving． ◎favour (doing) sth赞成(做)某事 ◎ask sb a favour/ask a favour of sb请某人帮忙 ◎do sb a favour/do a favour for sb帮某人一个忙 ◎in favour of同意；支持；优先选择 ◎in one's favour/in favour of sb有利于某人 ◎win the teacher's favour受到老师的青睐 ◎owe you a favour 欠你一个人情 ◎be/fall out of favour失宠；不受青睐 5．occupy vt．[课本义]占据；占用　[增补义]使忙碌 ①Although it was off-season，the restaurant was fully _________(occupy)． ②I've been occupied ________(write) my paper，so I can't find time to accompany you to the museum． ③Choosing an ___________(occupy) takes time，and there are a lot of things you have to think about． 在那些漫长而孤独的夜晚，我迫切需要找点事做让自己忙碌起来。 I desperately _________________________________________ during those long，lonely nights． ◎occupy oneself with sth/in doing sth忙于/专心于(做)某事 ◎occupied adj．忙于……的；使用中的 ◎be occupied (in) doing sth忙于做某事 ◎be occupied with sth从事或忙于某事 ◎occupation n．占领；职业；工作 ◎keep herself occupied with routine office work忙于她办公室的日常工作 ◎occupy most of my leisure time占去我大部分的闲暇时间 ◎a bus driver by occupation职业是公交车司机 6．distinguish [课本义]vi．& vt．区分；辨别　[增补义]vt．使……有别于……；使有特色 ①(2023·浙江1月卷改)Meaning is central to what distinguishes the least intelligent of humans _____ the most intelligent of machines． ②Over the next few years，he distinguished himself ___ an excellent singer capable of adopting different singing styles． ③(2021·浙江6月卷)Nielsen always felt he should be doing comedy but his good looks and ______________(distinguish) voice kept him busy in dramatic roles． (普通表达)Mount Tai is famous for its beautiful sights as well as its rich culture． (高级表达)Mount Tai is ______________ for its beautiful sights as well as its rich culture． ◎distinguish between A and B区分A和B ◎distinguish...from...把……与……区分开来 ◎distinguish oneself as/to be...作为……而出名 ◎distinguished adj．卓越的；著名的；杰出的；尊贵的 ◎be distinguished for/as...因/作为……而出名 ◎distinguish between right and wrong分辨是非 ◎distinguish facts from rumours辨别事实和传闻 ◎distinguish himself by winning four prizes因获得4个奖项而名声大噪 7．[教材原句]And if we are feeling down or lonely，there is nothing better than seeing the smiling face of a good friend．如果我们感到沮丧或孤独，没有什么比看到好朋友的笑脸更好的了。 ①There is nothing _______(good) than to drink a bottle of Coca-Cola on a hot summer day． ②Now that the summer holiday has arrived，what _______(good) than to celebrate it with a bicycle ride to Southern Xinjiang! ③There is nothing ______(bad) than trying to relax only to find clouds of cigarette smoke drifting over you． 没有什么比心情突然变得不爽更糟糕的了，尤其是它莫名而来时。 There is nothing worse than ___________________________，especially when it comes out of nowhere． there is nothing better/worse than doing/to do...是固定句式，意为“没有比做某事再好/更糟的了”，是用形容词的比较级表达最高级意思。类似的还有：What better than...？“还有比……更好的吗？” like nothing better than doing/to do...“最喜欢做……”。 As a student，I feel there is nothing better than being praised by my teacher before my classmates．作为一名学生，我觉得没有什么比在同学面前被老师表扬更好的了。 Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空。 1．To tell the truth，I don't really approve of children ________(wear) make-up． 2．When you are lost，there is nothing better than ________________(stay) where you are，waiting for help． 3．Find amusing little ways to keep yourself _________(occupy) when all your friends are out on dates． 4．It is reported that an increasing number of people favour _________(build) more nuclear power plants． 5．Thousands and thousands of people attended the president's inaugural ceremony，with ages ________(vary) from 5 to 100． 6．Italy，which has a much weaker tradition of immigration，______________(witness) a sharp increase in immigration in recent years． Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词。 1．For city dwellers，there is nothing worse _____ living next door to an awful neighbor． 2．The residents approve ___ the measure taken so far in our city，intended to stop a sharp rise in house prices． 3．School is a great place where you are always occupied ___ expanding your knowledge to further improve yourself． 4．(2021·浙江6月卷)Dogs may indeed be able to distinguish ________ happy and angry human faces，according to a new study． Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空。 1．In France，a person encountering an identical gesture may interpret it as ________(mean) zero． 2．However，you should avoid _______(make) an identical gesture in Brazil and Germany，as it is not considered polite． 3．If a student has his head ________(lower) to look at his watch，it implies he is bored and expecting the class to end． 4．When he heard what people said about him，he just laughed it off and didn't even bother _________(argue) with them． Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词。 1．Some students are talkative while many others are quite shy and don't speak all _____ much． 2．We can learn a lot about _____ people are thinking by watching their body language． 3．The crucial thing is using body language in a way ___________ is appropriate to the culture you are in． 4．We have been preparing our soldiers to adjust themselves ___ ordinary social life after they leave the army． Ⅰ．熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思) 1．(2021·全国甲卷)Southbank，at an eastern bend in the Thames，is the center of British skateboarding，where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing． __ A．拐弯处　　　　B．弯曲　　　　C．俯首 2．(2020·新高考Ⅱ卷)Then one Christmas I received a surprise gift—a large，beautifully made wooden chest． __ A．胸膛　　　　　B．大箱子　　　　C．心事 3．(2020·江苏卷)Most provinces and equivalent administrative units started to lower their public health emergency response level． __ A．减少　　　　　B．降低　　　　　C．变昏暗 Ⅱ．长难语句(分析句子的结构并翻译成汉语) 1．(2023·全国甲卷)Grizzly bears，which may grow to about 2.5m long and weigh over 400kg，occupy a conflicted corner of the American psyche—we revere(敬畏) them even as they give us frightening dreams． 本句是一个复合句，可简化为：Grizzly bears...occupy a conflicted corner...—we revere them...。句中的which引导出一个非限制性_____从句，破折号后面也是一个复合句，其中even as引导一个_________从句。 [尝试翻译]__________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 2．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned (对齐)，making it hard to produce labiodentals，which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth． 本句是一个复合句，可简化为：They discovered that the...teeth...were aligned，making it hard to produce labiodentals...。句中的that引导_____从句，making...是动词-ing形式短语作_____状语，which引出一个_____________从句，修饰先行词labiodentals。 [尝试翻译]__________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ In our interactions with other people，we tend to express specific internal 1．_________(emotion) by employing appropriate body language．But body language differs greatly in different cultures．Sometimes we may have 2．___________(difficult) distinguishing a certain gesture even in an identical culture background．Failure to interpret a gesture 3．___________(accurate) may lead to communication barriers and even conflicts．Therefore，we should learn to perceive and assess the joys and sorrows 4．_____________(demonstrate) by someone's body language and then adjust the way we talk accordingly．For instance，when a person feels embarrassed or ashamed，he will 5．______(low) his head or bend over，staring at the ground．If someone boils with anger or experiences anxiety，he will have a tendency 6．_________(cross) his arms in front of his chest．When he feels proud，we may witness him 7．______________(straighten) up．Nodding one's head means agreement or approval．Eyes barely moving or a distant expression on the face may indicate 8．_____ the person is distracted．Of course，we can't always make reliable inferences because body language 9．_______(vary) from culture to culture．Nevertheless，we still call on people to learn to read body language．After all，properly reacting 10．___ body language is an important component of our daily routine． Step 1．单句写作(利用本单元知识补全所给英文句子) ①今写信给您，对您上周所做的关于肢体语言的讲座表示感谢。 I am writing to you to ________________________________________________ ___________ last week． ②您说恰当的手势在人们的互动中很重要，我赞同您的观点。 You said that __________________________________________________________，and I'm _____________ your opinion． ③通过讲座，我了解到在不同的国家，人们互致问候的方式差异很大。 Through your lecture，I learned that ________________________________ _______________ in different countries． ④法国人见面时，可能会亲吻脸颊，而日本人则喜欢鞠躬。 When the French meet，they _________________________________________ ____________． ⑤为了适应与外国人交流的方式，我有必要学会区分不同文化中的手势。 _____________________ of communicating with foreigners，it's necessary for me _________________________________ in different cultures． Step 2．衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇) ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Step 1．储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇) 用于情感描写的词汇 用于动作描写的词汇 anger; anxiety; shame; embarrassment; slightly; break down; inappropriate bother; lower; bend; reaction Step 2．续写练笔(完成下面的续写片段并背诵) 有一个女孩，在骑行回家的途中撞倒了一位老妇人。她不但没有费心把老妇人扶起来，反而愤怒地指责她，然后骑车扬长而去。几分钟后，女孩突然发现放在后座上的运动鞋不见了。她只好返回去找。令她惊讶的是，老妇人仍在原地，手里拿着运动鞋，眼里带着一丝焦急。女孩羞愧得脸红了。她走上前去，尴尬地低着头。老妇人弯腰轻轻拍了拍她的头，微笑着把运动鞋递给了她。女孩几乎崩溃了，她一再为刚才的不当反应道歉。 A girl knocked down an old woman __________________．Rather than _______________________________，she ______________________________ and then rode away．Minutes later，the girl suddenly _________________________ ___________________．She had to return to look for them．____________________ ___________________________________，with the sneakers in her hands and _______________________________．_________________ crept up the girl's face．She came up，___________________________________．The old woman _____________________________________ and handed the sneakers to her，_________________．The girl __________________．She repeatedly ____________ _______________________________________． 12 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 选择性必修第一册　UNIT 4 语基自主检测·目标确立 核心单词 1．demonstrate　2．pose　3．bend　4．reveal　5．clarify　6．imply　7．stare　8．perceive　9．bother　10．weep　11．conflict　12．inquire 语境运用 1．staring　2．Revealing　3．implies　4．poses　5．bothering　6．bent　7．was perceived　8．wept　9．conflicts 派生单词 1．employment；employer；employee　2．reliable　3．assessment　4．educator；education；educated　5．anxiety　6．adjustment；adjustable 语境运用 1．employer；employees；employed　2．reliable；rely　3．educator；education；educated　4．anxiety　5．adjustable；adjusted；adjustment 高频短语 1．by contrast　2．by comparison　3．break down　4．straighten up　5．in other words　6．call on　7．at work 语境运用 1．in other words　2．at work　3．By comparison　4．calling on　5．broke down　6．straightening up 写作佳句背诵 1．by being close to nature and living a simple life 2．don't agree with everything 考点归纳探究·精准讲练 1．①from　②varying　③varies [完美写作]Varying in size and shape 2．①staying　②of　③approval [完美写作]approved of/subscribed to 3．①has witnessed　②witnessing　③to [完美写作]have witnessed great changes 4．①cutting　②a　③in [完美写作]opportunity favours only those 5．①occupied　②writing　③occupation [完美写作]needed something to keep myself occupied 6．①from　②as　③distinguished [完美写作]distinguished 7．①better　②better　③worse [完美写作]being caught in a bad mood 三层强基固本·达标训练 层级一 Ⅰ．1．wearing　2．staying/to stay　3．occupied　4．building　5．varying　6．has witnessed Ⅱ．1．than　2．of　3．in　4．between 层级二 Ⅰ．1．meaning　2．making　3．lowered　4．to argue Ⅱ．1．that　2．what　3．that/which　4．to 层级三 Ⅰ．1．A　2．B　3．B Ⅱ．1．化繁为简：定语　时间状语 尝试翻译：灰熊可以长到2.5米长，体重超过400公斤，它们在美国人的内心有着矛盾的一面——就在它们让我们做噩梦时，我们还是敬畏它们。 2．化繁为简：宾语　结果　非限制性定语 尝试翻译：他们发现，古人类成年人的上下前齿是对齐的，这使他们很难发出唇齿音，因为发唇齿音需要上齿碰触到下唇。 三维提能培优·进阶训练 维度一 1．emotions　2．difficulty　3．accurately　4．demonstrated　5．lower　6．to cross　7．straightening　8．that　9．varies　10．to 维度二 Step 1． ①demonstrate my gratitude for your lecture on body language ②appropriate gestures are important in people's interactions；in favour of　③the way people greet each other varies greatly ④may kiss on the cheek while the Japanese like to bow　⑤To adjust to the way；to learn to distinguish gestures Step 2． I am writing to you to demonstrate my gratitude for your lecture on body language last week．You said that appropriate gestures are important in people's interactions，and I'm in favour of your opinion．Through your lecture，I learned that the way people greet each other varies greatly in different countries．For example，when the French meet，they may kiss on the cheek while the Japanese like to bow．Therefore，to adjust to the way of communicating with foreigners，it's necessary for me to learn to distinguish gestures in different cultures． 维度三 Step 2． while riding home；bother to help her to her feet；blamed the old woman in anger；found her sneakers on the back seat missing；To her surprise，the old woman was still where she was；a trace of anxiety in her eyes；A blush of shame；lowering her head in embarrassment；bent forward，patted her head gently；smiling slightly；almost broke down；apologised for her inappropriate reaction just now 82 / 106 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 课时分层作业(二十) Ⅰ．阅读理解(限时7分钟) (2024·湖南省六校联考)The proverb that an apple a day keeps the doctor away also applies to apple wine，say experts．They have found the first evidence that the drink made from fermented apple juice is good for your health．It is packed with chemicals that help protect against cancer，heart disease and other age related conditions． Apple wine，one of England's oldest alcoholic drinks，has long been thought to be beneficial to health，but there was no proof．Now scientists have confirmed there are high levels of health-improving antioxidants(抗氧化物质)in the wine． Half a pint of apple wine in moderation(适度)delivers the same amount of antioxidants as a glass of red wine，recognized as having health benefits．Antioxidants can “get rid of” substances called free radicals(自由基)，naturally produced in the body． Dr．Careline Walker，a scientist at the Brewing Research International，said，“A diet rich in antioxidants may help to protect against disease and our research confirms apple wine has the same levels of antioxidants as red wine．It could well be claimed that a glass of apple wine a day will keep the doctor away．But it is important that no one drink beyond the recommended daily intake of the alcohol—an average apple wine having about 2.5 units per pint．” Separate trials on volunteer apple wine drinkers at the Institute of Food Research，Norwich，details of which are published in the latest Journal of Nutrition，showed the antioxidants are rapidly absorbed into the blood stream，enhancing the health benefit． John Thatcher，former chairman of the National Association of Cider Makers，said，“I have spent a lifetime making apple wine，enjoying a regular glass or two，and now I can enjoy it all the more knowing it is helping to keep me healthy．” 1．What does the first paragraph suggest? A．Apple wine has a long history． B．Apple wine can cure some diseases． C．An apple a day keeps the doctor away． D．Apple wine helps to keep people healthy． 2．Why is apple wine beneficial to health according to the research? A．It can help people keep slim． B．It is rich in antioxidants． C．It is mainly made from fermented apple juice． D．It can help people to take in more free radicals． 3．Which of the following is Dr．Walker's idea according to paragraph 4? A．Apple wine is more suitable for women than men． B．In the future apple wine will take the place of red wine． C．Drinking apple wine moderately is beneficial to our health． D．The more apple wine we drink，the healthier we will become． 4．What do we know from the last two paragraphs? A．Antioxidants can be rapidly absorbed by our body． B．Apple wine has been confirmed to be better than apples． C．Excessive wine drinking does great harm to our health． D．Journal of Nutrition is in the charge of John Thatcher． Ⅱ．阅读七选五(限时7分钟) (2024·武汉市调研)With New Year approaching, year-end reviews dominate the airwaves． 1 ．Lose ten pounds? Read a book a month? However, I've never given much thought to New Year's resolutions．I make intentions instead．It means setting one's purpose toward a path instead of action toward specific behavior．And more than that, I'm setting them in a framework(体系)that will give them wings． Set time, not goals A wise friend once told me “Do not set a result as the goal．Set the time in which you do the things you want to do．” For example, I usually tell myself I should write more． 2 ．Then, I realize it would be better to set my intention to write and the time to write, for example, from 8：30 a.m．to 11：30 a.m． Take advantage of the Premack principle The Premack principle is a behavioral strategy that states that the presence of high-probability behavior can make low-probability behavior more likely． 3 ．So, now that I've set my intention to write and the time to write, I can link it to high-probability behavior, such as dropping my kids off at school in the morning．The point is that it gets the action rolling without much thought or self-motivation talk． 4 ． 5 Let's face it, no matter how much you set an intention, if there's no enjoyment once you start, it will likely fall by the wayside．So, finding a path that you enjoy will bring the same results．In truth, I hate exercising, but, luckily, I walk my dog．A lovely way to exercise, go out in nature, enjoy companionship, and meet people! A．Face your intention directly B．One intention, multiple paths C．Over time，it becomes routine as well D．But the result proves far from satisfactory E．Perhaps most are also making New Year's resolutions F．Resolutions seem to hold people prisoners rather than free them G．In other words, to enact new behavior, attach it to well-established behavior Ⅲ．语法填空(限时6分钟) (2024·苏北四市调研)Consisting of a bamboo frame and a 1．________ (delicate)painted paper surface，Chinese oil-paper umbrellas have long been viewed as a symbol of China's tradition of cultural craftsmanship and poetic beauty．They are not just an instrument to keep off rain or sunlight，but also works of art 2．________ (possess) rich cultural significance and aesthetic(美学的)value． The first oil-paper umbrellas appeared during the Eastern Han Dynasty (25AD－220AD)．Later，they 3．________(bring)overseas to Japan and ancient Korea during the Tang Dynasty (618－907)，which is 4．________ they were known as “Tang umbrellas”． It takes quite a lot of time and effort to make a traditional Chinese oil-paper umbrella 5．________ hand．For example，in the Fenshui township in Luzhou，Sichuan Province，craftsmen must complete more than 90 steps and use over 100 different tools 6．________(create) a single handmade oil-paper umbrella． Since the appearance of modern mechanical umbrellas，traditional oil-paper umbrellas 7．________(suffer)from declining sales，and 8．________number of craftsmen has been on the decrease．Fortunately，with the 9．________(include) of Fenshui oil-paper umbrellas as one of China's national intangible cultural heritages in 2008，things have been improving．These great items appear in many fashion shows and media publications due to the positive publicity 10．________ they have received． Ⅳ．读后续写(限时25分钟) 阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was the first week of Mia's middle school．The bell's ringing brought her out of her daydreaming．She nervously gathered her books，preparing to reach another classroom for the next new class． Mia followed the other kids and rushed into the hallway．Others walked in groups，chatted，and laughed，using the break to socialize．Mia，instead，walked alone along the wall of the hallway，with her head down．She was a shy girl，afraid to speak in front of other kids，and didn't think others would like her． Mia finally sat in Mr Johnson's Language Arts class nervously．“Welcome to Language Arts，” said Mr Johnson．He told jokes as he talked about English．Mia forgot to daydream and laughed along with the rest of the class．“We'll have some fun with language，” he said．“Just wait and see．” Fun was far beyond what Mia desired．She just wanted to be like other kids—running with friends in the hallway，laughing and joking between classes．Reminded of her pimply(长粉刺的) face，she felt hopeless and disappointed． “Take out a piece of paper，” the teacher continued，pointing at words on the blackboard．“Write for the next thirty minutes on this topic．” Mia began writing crazily as idea after idea fought for recognition in her head．The final result was a short story about a beautiful beach house．As she wrote，she could smell the salty air，hear the crashing waves and feel the pull of the sand beneath her feet．For just a moment，she forgot where she was．She was lost in the story． “OK，pass your papers forward，” said the teacher．“Let's see what we have．” For the rest of the class time，the teacher read each individual work aloud．Mia originally thought it would be awkward．However，she was gradually attracted by the excitement in the teacher's voice．“He's actually enjoying this，” she thought．When the class would be soon over，there were still fifteen students' papers not read，including Mia's paper．Then，Mr Johnson announced his decision，asking these students to read their work themselves in front of the class next class． 注意：1．续写词数应为 150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 A week later，the bell rang and the Language Arts class began again．______ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ After Mia finished her reading，the clapping from her classmates continued for a long time． ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 6 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 课时分层作业(二十) Ⅰ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。研究发现适量饮用苹果酒有利于身体健康。 1．D　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“They have found ...good for your health．”可知，苹果酒有利于身体健康，故D项正确。] 2．B　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Now scientists have confirmed ...in the wine．”可知，苹果酒中含有可以改善健康状况的抗氧化物质，所以苹果酒对身体有好处，故B项正确。] 3．C　[推理判断题。根据第四段中Walker博士所说的“But it is important that ...the alcohol”可以看出，Walker博士认为适量饮用苹果酒对身体有益，故C项正确。] 4．A　[细节理解题。根据第五段中的“the antioxidants are rapidly absorbed into the blood stream，enhancing the health benefit”可知，抗氧化物质可以迅速被我们的身体吸收，故A项正确。] Ⅱ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何用做事目的代替制定目标。 1．E　[根据空后的“Lose ten pounds？...New Year's resolutions．”可知，此处在讲新年计划，由此可推知，空处应填与计划相关的内容，E项“也许大多数人也在制定新年计划”符合语境。] 2．D　[空前的“I usually tell myself I should write more”指的是作者通常告诉自己应该多写点；空后的“Then，I realize it would be better to set my intention to write and the time to write”指的是作者意识到最好是把写作的目的和时间定下来，再结合常识可推知，空处应为过渡句，正是由于对空前结果的不满，才做出了改变，D项“但结果却远非令人满意”符合语境。] 3．G　[根据空前内容可知，Premack定律是一种行为策略，它指出高概率行为的存在会使低概率行为更有可能发生，即对Premack定律的解释；空后的“So，now that I've set my intention...dropping my kids off at school in the morning．”以自己为例，说明具体的做法。由此可推知，空处应是对Premack定律的进一步说明，故选G项。] 4．C　[根据语境可知，作者把送孩子上学和确定自己的写作目的和时间联系在一起，并以此为例进一步阐释Premack定律。作者已经定好了写作时间，为了使之成为一种习惯，作者先迫使自己在写作之前完成简单的行为——每天送孩子上学。随着时间的推移，写作的时间自然也就有了规律。由此可知，C项“随着时间的推移，它也变成了例行公事”符合语境。] 5．B　[根据该空所处位置可知，该空应是段落主题句。根据下文内容可知，此段讲的是为了达到某一目标，可以选择多种途径，B项“一个目的，多条路径”符合语境。] Ⅲ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了油纸伞的历史和制作过程等。 1．delicately　[考查副词。修饰过去分词式的形容词painted。故填副词delicately。] 2．possessing　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，空处为非谓语，且possess和其逻辑主语works of art之间是主谓关系，应用动词-ing形式。故填possessing。] 3．were brought　[考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。这里they指代前面的oil-paper umbrellas，谓语动词应用复数；they和谓语动词bring是被动关系；又因此处讲述的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填were brought。] 4．why　[考查表语从句。分析句子结构并结合语境可知，空处引导表语从句，表示这就是它们被称为“唐伞”的原因。故填why。] 5．by　[考查介词。by hand“用手”，是常用搭配。] 6．to create　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，空处应用动词不定式表示目的。故填to create。] 7．have suffered　[考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，此处作谓语。根据前面的时间状语“Since the appearance of modern mechanical umbrellas”可知，时态应用现在完成时；又因主语表复数概念，谓语动词应用复数。故填have suffered。] 8．the　[考查冠词。the number of“……的数目”，是固定搭配。易错点拨：the number of“……的数目”，谓语动词用单数；a number of“许多，一些”，谓语动词用复数。] 9．inclusion　[考查名词。空前有冠词the修饰，再结合空后的of可知，空处应是名词。故填inclusion。] 10．that/which　[考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为the positive publicity，空处在从句中作宾语。故填关系代词that/which。] Ⅳ．【参考范文】 A week later，the bell rang and the Language Arts class began again．Mia was nervous with her head down．After other students finished reading the papers one by one，finally，it was Mia's turn．Frozen with fear，Mia stood in front of the class，with her hands holding her paper，shaking．Seeing it，Mr Johnson told a funny joke，which made everyone laugh．Feeling more relaxed，Mia began reading．She was so focused that she felt she was alone．She didn't notice that her story soon attracted all her classmates who sat up straight，without any chatting．They were lost in her fantastic story． After Mia finished her reading，the clapping from her classmates continued for a long time．Mia was shocked．When she raised her head，she found everyone staring at her excitedly．Mia finally smiled．She found everyone in the class responded to her story positively．After that class，Mia slowly lifted her head while walking．Later，she kept writing．And she began speaking in front of people and enjoyed it．A braver and more confident girl appeared．And she was grateful to Mr Johnson，who believed in every student． 1 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$