第1部分 选择性必修第1册 Unit 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT-【名师导航】2025年高考英语一轮总复习讲义（人教版）

PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT 续写语料积累 背诵·句之美 欣赏·语之秀 1．(行为描写)(2024·东北三省联考)She jumped off the sofa and ran to me, squeezing my knees and almost tipping me over． 2．(心理描写)(2024·潮州质量检测)Hearing this, I was overwhelmed by a sense of guilt with tears of gratitude welling up in my eyes． 3．(人物描写)(2024·庄河市模拟)When my grandfather died, my 83-year-old grandmother, once full of life, slowly began to fade． (2024·诸暨诊断性考试)One Saturday afternoon, I was watching TV in the living room with my grandpa when a blinding flash of lightning flashed across the sky, followed by a deafening sound．Before I realized what had happened, a gray-white shadow rushed in through the open window and flew over my head． 核心单词 语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空) 1．_____ vt．& vi．(使)沸腾；煮开；烧开 2．_______ vt．(尤指经努力)获得；赢得 vi．(规章、习俗等)存在；流行 3．_____________ n．条件；环境；状况 4．_______ n．失败；挫败 vt．击败；战胜 5．_______ n．天才；天资；天赋 6．_____ n．流；流动；流畅；供应 vi．流；流动 7．______ vt．创建；建立；把……建立在 8．_______ adj．温柔的；文静的 9．__________ vt．偶然碰到；遇到 n．邂逅；遭遇 10．___________ adj．非凡的；显著的 11．______ adj．必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的 12．_________ n．性质；特征；财产 1．(2023·全国乙卷改)The ___________ (remark) development of this city means there is always something new to discover here． 2．The Los Angeles Lakers won the basketball match，__________(defeat) the Orlando Magic，99-86． 3．The man doesn't know how to cope with failures，and whenever he ___________ (encounter) one，he will get into a panic． 4．She hoped __________(obtain) permanent residence would help her bring her two children to Italy． 5．If she should slip，she would fall into the rapidly ________(flow) stream． 6．The market，which ____________(found) in 1979，sets up its tents every Saturday from 7：00 a.m．to 1：00 p.m． 7．(2021·全国甲卷)In the sciences and arts，those praised as _________(genius) were most often white men，of European origin． 8．Steve moved to the piano and sat at the bench，hands trembling as he _______(gentle) placed his fingers on the keys． 派生单词 语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空) 1．botany n．植物学→__________ adj．植物学的 2．evaluate vt．评价；评估→___________ n．评估；评价 3．distinct adj．清晰的；清楚的；有区别的→____________ n．差别；区别；卓越→____________ adj．独特的；特别的；与众不同的 4．analyse vt．分析→_________ n．(pl．analyses)分析 5．science n．科学→___________ adj．科学(上)的；关于科学的→__________ n．科学家 6．conclude v．推断出；终止→___________ n．结论；推论 1．Her interest in _______ eventually led to one of the most important __________ findings of the century．(botany) 2．We attempt ____________ the effectiveness of the drug and ultimately submit an ___________ report to the public．(evaluate) 3．The ____________ taste of the dish was a clear ____________ from the other dishes on the menu．(distinct) 4．He _________ the current economic situation in great detail，and most experts thought his _________ was acceptable．(analyse) 5．The meeting __________ without any agreement，but she came to the ___________ from their remarks that they were not in favour of her plan．(conclude) 高频短语 语境运用(选用左栏短语的适当形式填空) 1．__________________　承诺；保证 2．__________坚决要求 3．______________ (正常使用造成的)磨损；损耗 4．______________(开始)掌权；上台 5．___________________担任职位；任职 6．_______总结；概括 1．Only when we regularly _______ the past experience and draw lessons from it can we go further． 2．Looking forward to a better salary，he decided to leave ______________________ with another company． 3．Most people think that things have changed for the better since the new government ______________． 4．They ____________ having the agreement down in black and white before the negotiation ended． 5．The two sides met and _____________ ___________ maintaining peace and stability on the border． 原句结构辨识 写作佳句背诵 1．be thought to do sth Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria，and is thought to save 100，000 lives a year in Africa alone． 相信本次活动对学生的全面发展非常有益，希望大家都能参与。 _____________________________________________ to the overall development of students，and it's hoped that everyone can get involved．(应用文之通知) 2．while doing...作时间状语 While working there，out of a strong passion for knowledge，he continued to study，earning a doctorate in physics in 1905． 经过伊顿百货商店的橱窗时，我们像往常一样停下来凝视，心中有点念想。 ______________ the Eaton's department store's window，we stopped as usual to gaze and do a bit of dreaming．(续写之心理描写) 1．commit [课本义]vt．承诺；保证 vi．忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活动等)　[增补义]vt．做出(错或非法的事)；犯(罪或错等) ①He was committed to ____________________(practise) this instrument so that within a couple of months he was playing reasonably well． ②(2019·天津卷)However，we can achieve meaning only if we have made a commitment ___ something larger than our own little egos(自我)． ③(2021·天津卷)This requires ___________(commit) to a particular occupation，branch of study or research． 在一个夏日的傍晚，所有这些漫长而辛苦的付出和奉献最终结出了硕果。 On a summer evening，__________________________________________________ finally bore fruit． ◎commit oneself to doing/do sth专心致志于；承诺/保证(做)某事 ◎committed adj．尽心尽力的；尽责的；坚定的 ◎be committed to (doing/do) sth承诺/全身心地投入(做)某事 ◎commitment n．投入；奉献；承诺 ◎make a commitment to (doing/do) sth保证/承诺做某事 ◎commit an error/a crime/suicide做错事/犯罪/自杀 ◎be committed to protecting the interests of the public承诺保护公众利益 ◎make a commitment to keep working together承诺继续合作 2．acknowledge vt．[课本义]承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢　[增补义]接受；告知已收到 ①He is widely acknowledged ______ (be) the best tennis player in the world． ②The company sent me an e-mail yesterday，______________(acknowledge) my request． ③Although “Don't judge a book by its cover” is an old proverb widely _____________ (acknowledge)，people still fall into the trap of “good appearances” easily． 他兴奋地大步走到窗前，把头伸出窗外，向欢呼的人群致意。 He strode excitedly to the window and stuck his head out of it __________________ ________________． ◎acknowledge...to be/as...认为……是……；承认……是…… ◎acknowledge doing/having done sth承认做了某事 ◎acknowledge that...承认…… ◎It is universally/widely acknowledged that...大家公认…… ◎acknowledge the need for reform承认改革的必要性 ◎acknowledge the applause with a bow鞠躬对掌声表示感谢 ◎be widely acknowledged as the world's greatest living scientist被公认为当今最伟大的科学家 3．insist vi．& vt．坚持；坚决要求 ①He insisted on ________(walk) me to the station to see me off，which nearly moved me to tears． ②(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)But our insisting it ___(be) merely a window has kept them from attempting millions of requests to open the door． ③I told her she shouldn't swim after a whole night's coughing，but she refused to give up and insisted she ______________(go)． (普通表达)We can stay healthy both physically and mentally only when we insist on working out regularly． (高级表达)Only when we insist on working out regularly ____________________ both physically and mentally． ◎insist on sth坚决要求……；坚持…… ◎insist on (sb/one's) doing sth坚决要求(某人)做某事；执意(某人)做某事 ◎insist that...(从句用陈述语气)坚持说；认为 ◎insist that sb(should)do...(从句用虚拟语气)坚决要求；主张 ◎insist on mutual recognition and regard坚持相互认可、相互尊重 ◎insist on paying for the damage坚持要赔偿损失 ◎insist on us/our eating healthy food坚持要我们吃健康食品 4．consequence n．[课本义]结果；后果　[增补义]重要性 ①Partly ___ a consequence of this limited time，over half of all American homes now have microwave ovens． ②This belief has led those countries to neglect their manufacturing sector，with negative _____________(consequence) for their economies． ③_____________(consequent)，she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners，which can reduce oral bacteria． (普通表达)She was over age limit and，as a result，her application was rejected． (高级表达)She was over age limit and，________________________________，her application was rejected． ◎as a consequence因此；结果 ◎as a consequence of由于 ◎in consequence因此；结果 ◎of (no/little) consequence(不)重要的 ◎consequent adj．随之发生的；作为结果的 ◎consequently adv．因此；结果 ◎a man of consequence in his village他村里举足轻重的人物 ◎in consequence of falling birth rates由于出生率下降 ◎have disastrous consequences for the environment给环境带来灾难性后果 5．take up 开始从事；担任(职务)；占据；占用；继续；拿起；接受 写出句中take up的汉语意思： ①I put the telephone down and took up my work again． _____ ②Peter will take up his post as head of the travel agency at the end of next month． _____ ③Smartphones not only take up our valuable time，but also do great harm to our health． _____ ④After he retired from office，Roger took up painting for a while，but soon lost interest． _________ 目之所及，尽都呈现出金黄色，直至最后一抹夕阳消失。 As far as the eye could see，everything ________________________ till the last ray of the setting sun disappeared． ◎take down写下；记下；拆除 ◎take in吸收；接纳；领会；欺骗 ◎take off脱掉；起飞；腾飞；休假 ◎take on呈现；雇用；承担 ◎take over接管；接收；接任；控制 ◎take in what he is saying明白他在说什么 ◎expect her career to take off期待她的事业腾飞 ◎take over the job as soon as possible尽快接管工作 6．[教材原句]Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize，she said，“The honour is not just mine...”当听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时，她说：“这荣誉不仅仅属于我……” ①Upon ________(hear) the teacher's talk，the children probably felt that it sounded too good to be true． ②Students are collected from the airport upon their ________(arrive) and brought to their accommodation in comfort． ③____ instant the spacecraft landed safely，the previously silent launching center burst into great joy． 刚一回到家，她就冲到妈妈身边，咯咯地笑着说：“妈妈，生日快乐！我爱你！” _____________________，she made a rush to her mother and giggled，“Happy birthday，Mom! I love you！” “upon/on doing”或“upon/on (one's) ＋名词”是介词短语用作时间状语，意为“一……就……”。表示“一……就……”的结构还有：the minute；the moment；the instant；as soon as；immediately；directly；instantly；hardly...when...；no sooner... than...等。 Upon arriving at the office，he realised that he had left his cellphone at home．一到办公室，他就意识到自己把手机忘在家里了。 7．[教材原句]He made numerous contributions to the world，the most well-known being the general theory of relativity and the famous formula E＝mc2．他对世界做出了许多贡献，最著名的是广义相对论和著名的公式E＝mc2。 ①The burning of fossil fuels will produce greenhouse gases，the most important one ______(be) carbon dioxide． ②Indonesia is also rich in volcanoes，the most famous ______(be) the Krakatau volcano between Sumatra and Java． ③It would be a good idea to use a plastic bottle，its top ____(cut) off，as a container to grow young plants in． 老人养了几只小宠物，最讨人喜爱的是一只鹦鹉，每次他进家门时它都会向他打招呼。 The old man keeps several small pets，_________________________________，who greets him every time he enters the door． 教材原句中的the most well-known being the general theory of relativity and the famous formula E＝mc2是一种独立主格结构，在句中作后置定语时，相当于一个定语从句：the most well-known of which was the general theory...或of which the most well-known was the general theory...。 Online shopping offers an attractive list of benefits，the most obvious being the convenience it brings to shoppers．网购有很多诱人的好处，最显而易见的是给购物者带来的便捷。 Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空。 1．__________(commit) to scientific research，he couldn't afford a holiday． 2．It ________________(acknowledge) that we can't see a bluer sky unless we create a less polluted world． 3．(2019·江苏卷)This led to an unexpected ____________(consequent)，though she had a wonderful time there． 4．The librarian insists that John ________________(take) no more books from the library before he returns all the books he has borrowed． 5．Upon ________(leave) Paris，trains will whistle along at an approximate speed of 186 miles per hour until they go underground． 6．Beijing houses large amounts of cultural heritages，the most famous ______(be) the Palace Museum，also known as the Forbidden City． Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词。 1．He insisted ___ his innocence，saying to the judges that he was set up by his partner． 2．The daily use of sunscreen is widely acknowledged ___ essential to skin cancer prevention． 3．(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)I wonder if parents should always tell the truth no matter ____ consequences． 4．Li Hua，________ his graduation from college，joined a small company working as an office clerk． Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空。 1．One medical text from the fourth century suggested ______(use) the extract from sweet wormwood to treat a fever． 2．Despite the fact that their project got ______(stick)，Tu Youyou would not acknowledge defeat． 3．Under such ______________(circumstance)，what matters most is not only our persistence but also our attitudes． 4．(2020·浙江7月卷)I couldn't see Don，but as I approached the tractor he jumped out onto the road，___________(apparent) unhurt，and dashed back to me． Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词。 1．The 2015 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine was awarded to a Chinese scientist Tu Youyou，______ research led to the discovery of a new treatment for malaria． 2．Her team discovered and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments that showed promise in the fight ________ malaria． 3．After two years of looking for work as a teacher，Einstein took a job ___ a clerk in the Swiss patent office． 4．(2019·天津卷)Understanding history is vital _______ understanding ourselves as a people and as a nation． Ⅰ．熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思) 1．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)I was turning the page to get ready for the next page，but the draft wind from the turn caused the spare pages to fall off the stand． __ A．气流　　　　　B．草案　　　　　C．汇票 2．(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)The lost property office is open Monday to Friday 7：30 a.m．to 5：00 p．m．and is located at Roma Street station． __ A．特性；性质 B．财物；财产 C．房产；房屋 3．(2019·全国Ⅱ卷)Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives，keeping in mind your beliefs，values and strengths． __ A．客观的 　　 B．物镜 　　 C．目标 Ⅱ．长难语句(分析句子的结构并翻译成汉语) 1．(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)You'll hear these participants' stories and learn what strategies worked well for them，and what traps they encountered that you should avoid． 本句是一个复合句，可简化为：You'll hear...stories and learn what strategies worked well...，and what traps they encountered...。句中的what strategies worked well for them和what traps they encountered是两个并列的_____从句，后面的that you should avoid是一个_____从句，修饰前面的traps。 [尝试翻译]___________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 2．(2021·北京卷)We're now building a clock at the Anchorage Museum that reflects the total flow of several major Alaskan rivers，which are sensitive to local and global environmental changes． 本句是一个复合句，可简化为：We're now building a clock...that reflects the total flow of...rivers，which are sensitive to...changes。句中的that引出_____从句，修饰clock，后面的which引出的也是一个定语从句，修饰_______。 [尝试翻译]__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ Huang Danian，a genius in geophysics，committed 1．________(he) to making great advances in geophysical research．Now he 2．________________(acknowledge) as the world's leading scientist in the field of aviation geophysics．He once studied and worked in England and even obtained the UK Green Card．Due to his excellent research work，he 3．__________(gradual) gained his reputation in the western scientific community．He returned to China in 2009，4．______ he made it one of his main objectives to help his motherland improve the level of science and technology．Huang had 5．___ extraordinary passion for his career．Over the next seven years，he devoted all his energy to his work．Despite the fact that he encountered 6．_________(repeat) defeats，he succeeded in developing a number of 7．________(device) for deep-sea exploration．Unfortunately，such 8．___________(remark) achievements didn't come cheap．As a consequence 9．___ his heavy workload，Huang fell ill and later died of liver failure．His 10．_________(touch) stories were soon reported，inspiring more people to apply themselves to the construction of the country． Step 1．单句写作(利用本单元知识补全所给英文句子) ①人们公认琼斯是一位取得巨大成就的女性。 __________________________________ Jones is a woman of great achievement． ②她致力于帮助生活在贫困状况中的孩子们。 She has ___________________________________ who live in poor ______________． ③最近，琼斯被邀请到一所机构发表演讲。 Recently，Jones was asked to ____________________________________． ④建立这所机构的目的是给贫困儿童提供资助。 It __________________________________ providing assistance for children in need． ⑤她说：“照顾孩子是平凡的工作，但是这可以带来非凡的效果。” She said，“Caring for children is an ordinary job，but _____________________ ______________．” ⑥不管从事何种职业，你都必须坚持高标准要求。 Whatever profession ____________，you must _________________________ in your work． ⑦逐渐地，你就会取得进步并且做出显著的成绩。 You will ________________________ and achieve ___________________________． Step 2．衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇) _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Step 1．储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇) 用于情感描写的词汇 用于人物描写的词汇 mourn; mild; remarkable acknowledge; commit; encounter; defeat Step 2．续写练笔(完成下面的续写片段并背诵) 2021年，被誉为“杂交水稻之父”的袁隆平在长沙与世长辞。葬礼当天，长沙下起了绵绵细雨，似乎连上苍都在为这位巨星的陨落而哭泣和哀悼。许多中国人悲痛欲绝，泪流满面。袁隆平终其一生致力于水稻增产的研究，其间遭遇多次失败，但最终在农业领域取得了卓越的成就。他脸上深深的皱纹、温和的微笑和卷起的裤腿让外国记者更喜欢称他为“农民”。 Yuan Longping，________________________________________________ _____，passed away in Changsha in 2021．On the day of his funeral，there was a steady drizzle falling in Changsha．It seemed as if ___________________ ___________________ for the fall of the giant star．Many Chinese people were overwhelmed with grief，__________________________________ with the rain．Yuan ____________________________________ of increasing the yield of rice．He _________________________ before he ultimately _________________ ____________ in the field of agriculture．Deep wrinkles，____________ and curly trouser legs made foreign journalists ________________________________． 12 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 选择性必修第一册　UNIT 1 语基自主检测·目标确立 核心单词 1．boil　2．obtain　3．circumstance　4．defeat　5．genius　6．flow　7．found　8．gentle　9．encounter　10．remarkable　11．vital　12．property 语境运用 1．remarkable　2．defeating　3．encounters　4．obtaining　5．flowing　6．was founded　7．geniuses　8．gently 派生单词 1．botanical　2．evaluation　3．distinction；distinctive　4．analysis　5．scientific；scientist　6．conclusion 语境运用 1．botany；botanical　2．to evaluate；evaluation　3．distinctive；distinction　4．analysed；analysis　5．concluded；conclusion 高频短语 1．commit oneself to　2．insist on　3．wear and tear　4．come to power　5．take up a position　6．sum up 语境运用 1．sum up　2．to take up a position　3．came to power　4．insisted on　5．committed themselves to 写作佳句背诵 1．This event is thought to be of great benefit 2．While passing 考点归纳探究·精准讲练 1．①practising/practise　②to　③commitment [完美写作]all those long，hard hours of work and commitment 2．①to be　②acknowledging　③acknowledged [完美写作]to acknowledge the cheering crowd 3．①walking　②is　③(should) go [完美写作]can we stay healthy 4．①as　②consequences　③Consequently [完美写作]in consequence/as a consequence 5．①继续　②担任　③占用　④开始学习 [完美写作]took on a golden colour 6．①hearing　②arrival　③The [完美写作]Upon her return home 7．①being　②being　③cut [完美写作]the most adorable being a parrot 三层强基固本·达标训练 层级一 Ⅰ．1．Committed　2．is acknowledged　3．consequence　4．(should) take　5．leaving　6．being Ⅱ．1．on　2．as　3．the　4．upon/on 层级二 Ⅰ．1．using　2．stuck　3．circumstances　4．apparently Ⅱ．1．whose　2．against　3．as　4．to/for 层级三 Ⅰ．1．A　2．B　3．C Ⅱ．1．化繁为简：宾语　定语 尝试翻译：你将听到这些参与者的叙述，了解哪些策略对他们有效，以及他们遇到了哪些你应该避免的陷阱。 2．化繁为简：定语　rivers 尝试翻译：我们现在正在安克雷奇博物馆建造一个时钟，它反映了阿拉斯加几条主要河流的总流量，这些河流对当地和全球的环境变化都很敏感。 三维提能培优·进阶训练 维度一 1．himself　2．is acknowledged　3．gradually　4．where　5．an　6．repeated　7．devices　8．remarkable　9．of　10．touching 维度二 Step 1． ①It is generally acknowledged that　②committed herself to helping children；circumstances　③deliver a speech for an institution　④was founded with the objective of　⑤it can bring extraordinary effects　⑥you take up；insist on high standards　⑦gradually make progress；remarkable accomplishments Step 2． It is generally acknowledged that Jones is a woman of great achievement．She has committed herself to helping children who live in poor circumstances．Recently，Jones was asked to deliver a speech for an institution founded with the objective of providing assistance for children in need．She said，“Caring for children is an ordinary job，but it can bring extraordinary effects．”Whatever profession you take up，you must insist on high standards in your work．In this way，you will gradually make progress and achieve remarkable accomplishments． 维度三 Step 2． widely acknowledged as “the father of hybrid rice”；even heaven were weeping and mourning；tears streaming down their cheeks；committed all his life to the study；encountered many defeats；made remarkable achievements；mild smiles；prefer to call him a “farmer” 82 / 106 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 课时分层作业(十七) Ⅰ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个能帮助英语学习的播客。 1．D　[细节理解题。根据Learn English Podcast部分中的“Worksheets and vocabulary tasks are also included．”可知，Learn English Podcast提供了活页练习题和词汇任务。故选D。] 2．C　[细节理解题。根据Speaking Broadly部分中的“You will see some common mistakes made by English learners and you can improve your English by learning from those mistakes．”可知，在该播客中，你会看到一些英语学习者常犯的错误，并可以从这些错误中学习来提高你的英语水平。也就是说，该播客展现了英语学习者常犯的错误。故选C。] 3．B　[细节理解题。根据The English We Speak部分中的“Whatever level you are，you will find it rewarding．”和Elementary Podcast部分中的“This podcast is mainly for beginners and intermediate level learners．”可知，二者都适合初学者。故选B。] 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。在Thom Pollard的激励下，作者开始攀登珠穆朗玛峰，但他发现这要比他想象中难。在攀登的过程中，作者感悟到了更重要的东西，并对那些冒着巨大风险追随传奇探险家的脚步而攀登珠穆朗玛峰的勇敢攀登者表达了钦佩之情。 4．C　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The idea of... What had once been the final mountain climbing goal became the focus of a commercial guiding industry．”可知，曾经的最终登山目标成了商业向导行业的焦点。由此可知，作者讨厌攀登珠穆朗玛峰是因为它变成了一个赚钱的行业。故选C项。] 5．B　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Pollard's story moved me．”可知，Pollard的故事打动了作者。由此可知，作者后来攀登珠穆朗玛峰是受到了Thom Pollard的激励。故选B项。] 6．D　[词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“I began to pack for the ...in any climbing．”可知，作者以为先进的登山设备可以使攀登珠穆朗玛峰变得容易，但是事实证明，作者错了。在地球的最高点，作者感觉攀登珠穆朗玛峰比以往任何一次攀登都要累。再根据画线词后的“not just to Mallory and Irvine but to anyone who has the drive to push himself or herself up this route”可知，此处表示在攀登的过程中，作者一直在向Mallory、Irvine和所有有动力推动自己走上这条路的人致敬。故选D项。] 7．A　[段落大意题。根据最后一段中的“It was hiding ...footsteps up Mt．Qomolangma．”可知，Irvine和Mallory所分享的这种精神隐藏在显而易见的地方，就在它一直存在的地方：在那些冒着巨大风险追随传奇探险家的脚步而攀登珠穆朗玛峰的勇敢灵魂里。由此可推断，作者在最后对那些冒着巨大风险追随传奇探险家的脚步而攀登珠穆朗玛峰的勇敢攀登者表达了钦佩之情。故选A项。] 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，当人们走进一扇门时总会忘记一些事情，这种情况被称为“门口效应”。本文主要介绍了“门口效应”产生的原因，以及对大脑的其他研究成果等。 8．C　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Psychologists believe that ...the doorway effect．”可知，“门口效应”是指穿过一扇门进入另一个房间时，我们会在大脑中形成“心理障碍”，这会导致暂时性遗忘，故C项“你走进办公室，忘了要去拿什么”符合“门口效应”的特征。故选C。] 9．C　[推理判断题。根据第五段中的“walking through ...room for a new episode”可知，穿过敞开的门被认为会重置记忆，为新情节腾出空间。根据第六段的首句“The good news is ...and intelligence．”可知，在进入另一个房间后经历这种情节遗忘是正常现象。据此可以推知，并非所有的记忆都能在大脑中找到。] 10．D　[推理判断题。根据第五段“Baumann also points ...make room for a new episode．”可知，Baumann还指出，忙碌和可能超负荷的大脑似乎确实在“门口效应”中起了一定作用，即穿过敞开的门被认为会重置记忆，为新情节腾出空间。据此可以推知，超负荷的大脑增加了“门口效应”的可能性。] 11．A　[观点态度题。通读最后一段可知，在进入另一个房间后经历这种情节遗忘跟记忆力和智力并无关系，所以当你进入一个房间，突然忘记你为什么在那里的时候，你不应该认为自己有患阿尔茨海默病的嫌疑。据此可以推知，作者认为“门口效应”无关紧要。insignificant“微不足道的”；beneficial“有裨益的”；influential“有很大影响的”；damaging“有损害的”。] Ⅱ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者因错过航班而独自待在机场过夜的一次经历。作者把这个晚上当作一次冒险经历，并在此期间发现了之前从未发现的美。 1．B　[根据下文的“The next plane ...the next morning．”和语境可知，作者在机场过夜了。下文中的“adventure that night”亦是提示。故选B。] 2．D　[根据语境和常识可知，此处是指作者迟到了几分钟，错过了航班。故选D。] 3．A　[根据语境和常识可知，此处是指下一班飞机第二天一早才到达。故选A。] 4．C　[根据语境尤其是下文的“I ________ my airport adventure that night．”可知，作者把这次因错过航班而独自待在机场的这个晚上当作一次冒险经历。故选C。] 5．C　[根据语境和下文的“without ever truly looking at it”可知，以前，作者经过圆形大厅时都是匆匆而过。故选C。] 6．B　[根据语境可知，此处是指机场大厅里有学生制作的时尚展览。故选B。] 7．D　[根据语境和常识可知，此处是指作者花时间欣赏学生制作的时尚展览，这些展览展示的是他们的才华和努力。故选D。] 8．A　[根据下文的“a full-size copy of a large brontosaurus”可知，作者在机场闲逛，随之映入作者眼帘的是一个雷龙的复制品。greet“映入……的眼帘”。故选A。] 9．C　[根据上文的“what that brontosaurus might have been thinking about”和常识可知，人们会好奇雷龙在死亡之前会想什么。故选C。] 10．D　[根据空处所在句“You wonder what that brontosaurus might have been thinking about before it ________ and how it might have felt about living in an airport．”可知，此处表示你想知道未来世界是什么样子。故选D。] 11．A　[根据上文的“the security cameras”可知，此处是指希望监控录像机外有人在观看。故选A。] 12．C　[根据下文的“I thought little of the posts when my flight took off．”可知，作者把那晚在机场的经历发布了出去。故选C。] 13．B　[根据上文的“when my flight took off”可推知，此处是指在作者的飞机着陆之前，它们在网络上迅速传播。touch down“着陆”。故选B。] 14．D　[根据语境和空后一句可知，作者期待这能让他快乐。故选D。] 15．A　[根据上文的“I began to feel a deep sadness”和作者此次的经历可知，作者在感叹人们对周围的美视而不见。blind“视而不见的；没有觉察到的”。故选A。] Ⅲ．【参考范文】 Dear Anna， I'm writing to ask for your help．Our school will hold an English Singing Contest next weekend．I have signed up for it．It is required that the theme should be about nature．Each contestant is given up to five minutes to sing the song．So, would you please give me some recommendations on which song to choose? Besides，what I need is the skills of singing, including pronunciation and intonation，which will perfect my performance．I'd appreciate it if you could practice with me． Looking forward to your reply． Yours sincerely， Li Hua 3 / 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 课时分层作业(十八) Ⅰ．阅读理解(限时7分钟) (2024·湖北省七市调研)Rescuers in Jersey said Sunday after an all-night search that there was no hope of survivors from an explosion that flattened a three-storey apartment block．At least three people were confirmed killed in the accident early Saturday in the Channel Island's port capital St．Helier, following a suspected gas leak． “We have three confirmed deaths and it's fair to say we expect to find more，” police chief Robin Smith told a news conference, saying that around 12 residents remained unaccounted for．“It is with sadness that I am confirming that the search-and-rescue operation has been moved to a recovery operation，” he said． The phase involved a “painstaking search of the debris (残骸)” which could take weeks, Smith said, adding that a gas leak was the “likely” cause．Aided by sniffer dogs and experts from southern England, Jersey emergency workers had searched the rubble (瓦砾) overnight． Fire chief Paul Brown confirmed that firefighters were called out to investigate the smell of gas on Friday evening, more than seven hours before the explosion．But in vain．He admitted that something had gone “horribly wrong”， considering the subsequent disaster, but insisted that Jersey islanders could still have confidence in his service． Jersey's gas supplier, Island Energy, said it was working with the fire service to understand what happened． Like many others in St．Helier, Jersey's Chief Minister Kristina Moore said she was awoken by the explosion．“Across the island you could hear this extraordinary sound，” she told the BBC．“It's unthinkable news, so we're all absolutely shocked and really worried about the people who are involved and about those whose lives have been lost．” The incident caps a tragic week for Jersey, whose economy relies on banking, tourism and fishing． “We must call on the collective strength of the island community，” Moore said． 1．What's the possible cause of the accident? A．The gas leak． B．The gas supplier． C．The recovery operation． D．The unexpected explosion． 2．What was the main task of the recovery operation? A．Rescuing the dead． B．Searching the rubble． C．Searching for the debris． D．Working with the fire service． 3．What may Paul Brown's words imply? A．He had predicted the explosion hours before it． B．The fire service was investigating the explosion． C．People lost confidence in the island's fire service． D．The fire service was partly responsible for the accident． 4．How did Moore feel after the accident? A．Panicked and frightened． B．Relieved and hopeful． C．Astonished and concerned． D．Fearful and sorrowful． Ⅱ．阅读七选五(限时7分钟) (2024·石家庄市质检)Too much stuff, too much to do, too much stress...These are weighing people down and breaking their spirit． 1 Here are several things to help you get started． The first step is to sort out your possessions．To live a simple life, you need a simple living space．So take some time to tidy your living area．Focus on keeping things that you value deeply and throw away things that you don't need any longer． 2 Finally, you will be shocked to see how few possessions you actually use in your daily life． 3 As humans we tend to think of what we are used to as being naturally right．However, there could be problems in the million little things that bother us as we go about our day．The best skill you can develop in your life is the ability to take a step back and look at things objectively by raising doubts about what is seemingly the way it is supposed to be． We should always stay mindful and live with intention．If there is something in your life that you don't love, change it! Cut out the things that aren't serving you．You can write down what an ideal day would look like for you in five years' time．Then outline what things you want more in your life and what things you want less． 4 Managing your time wisely counts． 5 Instead, take some time to think about whether it's something that you are excited about attending．Be clear how you spend your time and take control of what you do．This is how you can guarantee yourself a flexible schedule and do everything in an unhurried way． A．Minimalists live intentionally． B．Complete the process in several sweeps． C．Don't reply “yes” to everything you're invited to． D．With that in hand, you have a goal to work towards． E．From time to time you need to question your lifestyle． F．That's why there is a growing interest in the minimalist lifestyle． G．Having a flexible schedule depends on you taking control of things． Ⅲ．语法填空(限时6分钟) (2024·重庆市名校联盟联考)The traditional Chinese craft of turning thick bamboo into delicate slices achieves fame on overseas short video platforms，receiving more than 10 million 1．________(view) and hundreds of thousands of likes．The skilled bamboo craftsmen are recording the daily detailed production processes of their handicrafts on social media, 2．________ are regarded as “3．________(mystery) Chinese power”in the eyes of foreign netizens． A woman，4．________ short video talent from Omaha，the USA，filmed a reaction video to the artistry and posted 5．________ online．While witnessing the processes of bamboo gradually turning into bamboo silk and pot brushes，she couldn't contain her 6．________ (surprise) expression．“A real craftsman，”she said in the video． 7．________ fancy tools，these bamboo craftsmen make amazing works of art 8．________(simple) using their own bare hands．Pan Yunfeng，51，from Lin'an，Zhejiang Province，started learning bamboo weaving at an early age and by now with over 5 million followers on short video platforms，he 9．________(become) a genuine influencer for netizens at home and abroad． Bamboo weaving art，10．________(originate) from the Warring States period 2，000 years ago，has become an essential part of traditional Chinese culture．Now，the popularity of bamboo art on short video platforms has opened a window for foreign netizens to better understand Chinese culture． Ⅳ．读后续写(限时25分钟) 阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 (2024·潍坊市模拟)Joyce was in the fourth grade and he joined the noisy children of his class as usual．“Children! Silence！”Mangat Madam suddenly entered the class．She announced that next week would be the math week．“I'd like each of you to work on a project．You could do it individually or in groups．”she instructed．“The topic for the project needs approving tomorrow and it has to be displayed at the math week exhibition．The best project will be awarded and there is also a surprise gift from my side，”she added． Joyce，who was extremely good at math，sat in the corner seat of the first bench with Karan．Karan asked Joyce if they could work on the math project together．Joyce replied in a prideful tone，“Ha ha，you want to join me．I think I will do the project on my own．”Joyce wanted to get awarded and the surprise gift all for himself from Mangat Madam． After deep consideration，Joyce decided to work on a math magic quiz on the circuit board．The next day in school，Mangat Madam arrived in the classroom and all the children submitted their topics for the math exhibition．They all chose to work in groups except Joyce．In the following days，Joyce gathered all the materials for the project such as wires，bulbs(电灯泡)，a switch and a thin plywood board(胶合板)．He worked out a few mathematical basic operations to be fixed on the board so that when the wire of the circuit touched the right answer，the bulb glowed．Joyce completed the project and was happy with the result． The evening before the exhibition while packing his school bag，Joyce again checked the project to see if it was working fine．Alas！All the lights that were to glow did not seem to light at all．Without finding the reason，Joyce was tense．However，he decided to take the same project to the school as he couldn't change the topic at the last minute．Then came the next day，and everybody was fascinated in the exhibition． 注意：1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 It was Joyce's turn to display his project．_____________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ Finally，the teacher announced that Karan's team was the winner．________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 5 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$