第1部分 必修第3册 Unit 2 MORALS AND VIRTUES-【名师导航】2025年高考英语一轮总复习讲义（人教版）

MORALS AND VIRTUES 续写语料积累 背诵·句之美 欣赏·语之秀 1．(心理描写)(2024·株洲质量检测)All of these were seen by Justin and the burden of guilt weighed heavily on his mind． 2．(行为描写)(2024·河北省大联考)Max cried at this sight，throwing a fist in the air，while Lily screamed with excitement． 3．(人物描写)(2024·汕头市模拟)She was one of the friendliest people in school，with shiny black hair and a mile-wide smile． (2024·唐山一中模拟)The elderly woman entered the store，along with her daughter，who was displaying a serious case of impatience，rolling her eyes，sighing and checking her watch every few seconds．I guessed if she had possessed a rope，she would have fastened it to her mother to drag her along to keep step with the rush of other shoppers． 核心单词 语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空) 1．___________ vt．(举例)说明；阐明；给(书或文章)加插图 2．_________ vi．& vt．抱怨；发牢骚 3．_____ vt．聘任；雇用；租用n．租借；租用 4．________ vt．发表(作品)；出版 5．_______ vi．& vt．退休；退职；退出 6．______ vi．昏倒；晕厥 adj．不清楚的；微弱的 7．_______ n．十年；十年期 8．________ vi．& vt．悄声说；耳语；低语n．耳语(声)；低语(声)；传言；谣传 9．_____ vt．& vi．咬；叮；蜇 n．咬；(咬下的)一口；咬伤 10．_____ n．& vt．伤害；损害 11．_________ adj．灵活的；可变通的 12．_______ n．记忆力；回忆 1．Instead of wasting time ____________ (complain) about your failure，try to find out the reason for it． 2．If you want to have your writing __________ (publish) in our magazine，please contact us by e-mail． 3．(2023·浙江1月卷)Habitat loss，pesticide use，and climate change have caused dramatic declines in pollinator populations over the past couple of ________(decade)． 4．If you don't feel like giving up your job，just consider _______(hire) a babysitter． 5．Many people work during their lunch hour instead of taking a break，which definitely ______(harm) their health． 6．CHRONOLOGICA is an informative and entertaining tour into history，beautifully ________ (illustrate) and full of unbelievable facts． 7．Young maple trees getting _______(bite) by insects send out a particular smell that neighbouring plants can get． 8．Wilson，a ________(retire) engineer，has been offering free rides to college students for the past eight years． 9．His teacher，Thomas Whaley，is next to him，___________(whisper) support． 派生单词 语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空) 1．marry vt．& vi．结婚；娶；嫁；把……嫁给→_________ n．结婚；婚姻 2．reject vt．拒绝接受；不录用→__________ n．拒绝接受；否决 3．elect vt．选举；推选→_________ n．选举；推选；当选 4．scare vt．惊吓；使害怕vi．受惊吓→_______ adj．害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的 →______ adj．引起恐慌的 5．operate vt．& vi．运转；操作；实行；动手术→__________ n．手术；企业；经营 6．tense adj．紧张的；担心的；绷紧的→________ n．紧张关系；紧张；焦虑 1．There were rumors that they secretly obtained a _________ certificate and later ________ in Hong Kong．(marry) 2．Her demand was _________ out of hand，since when she's been suffering the pain of __________．(reject) 3．The people of Iran voted _________ a new president，who delivered a televised speech shortly after the _________．(elect) 4．Girls are usually _______ of watching ______ movies，which will keep ________ them into screaming．(scare) 5．The __________ of the device is extremely simple，and even a child can learn ___________ it in less than 10 minutes．(operate) 6．His coach said to him，“I think your arms are too ______ and that ________ is ruining your accuracy．”(tense) 高频短语 语境运用(选用左栏短语的适当形式填空) 1．_____________________帮助某人渡过难关 2．__________去世 3．_____________作为对……的纪念 4．__________被……绊倒 5．_________流着泪；含着泪 6．___________处于绝望中 7．____________________大量 8．_____________________竭尽全力；全力以赴 1．She _____________ someone's foot in the darkened cinema and almost fell． 2．After repeated failures，she gave up the attempt ___________． 3．It was family's support and his own determination that ____________________ the crisis． 4．The Water-Sprinkling Festival is celebrated _____________ seven heroines who protected the Dai people． 5．The parents broke down _________ when they saw their lost child coming back． 6．He unfortunately ____________ last year due to his cancer，but he left a deep impression on me． 原句结构辨识 写作佳句背诵 1．would rather do... I'd rather stay single to study all my life． 小瑞秋提出给妈妈沏杯茶，但妈妈宁愿等爸爸来做。 Little Rachel offered to make a cup of tea but ______________________________．(续写之动作描写) 2．whose引导的定语从句 Nothing good can come to a nation whose people only complain and expect others to solve their problems． 后座上放着一束花，汽车里弥漫着令人愉快的花香。 In the back seat sat a bunch of flowers，____________________________________．(续写之场景描写) 1．respond vt．回答；回复 vi．做出反应；回应 ①By ___________(respond) quickly to changes in the markets as well as in the ecosystems，small farmers can keep one step ahead of the big guys． ②(2022·全国乙卷)Their responses ___ the questions reflected their true belief that “I can see you only if you can see me，too．” ③(2021·北京卷改)If an argument gets resolved，the emotional _________(respond) tied to it is significantly reduced or almost completely erased． 我的回应显然大大超出女儿的预料，她皱着眉头的脸上慢慢绽放出灿烂的笑容。 ____________________________________________________________________，and her frowning face slowly broke into a bright smile． ◎respond to sb/sth对……做出回答或回应；应对…… ◎respond (to sb/sth) by doing sth通过做某事回应(某人/某事) ◎response n．反应；回答；回复 ◎in response to...以回应…… ◎make a/no response to...对……做出回应/不予回答 ◎respond quickly to a challenge迅速应对挑战 ◎respond to changes in the fashion industry应对时装业的变化 ◎write in response to your request写信回复你的请求 2．appoint vt．[课本义]任命；委派　[增补义]约定；指定(时间、地点等) ①The disabled girl was attended throughout her school days by a nurse __________(appoint) to guard her． ②They take their driverless car to an ____________(appoint) and set the empty vehicle to circle the building to avoid paying for parking． ③Samuel Smith appointed ________(he) mayor of Baltimore and，much to the relief of many wealthy people，took charge of the city． 今写信向你道歉，我不能在约定的时间陪你去书店了。 I'm writing to apologise to you for not being able to ______________________ _______________________________． ◎appoint sb(as/to be)...任命某人为…… ◎appoint sb to (do) sth委派某人做某事 ◎appointment n．任命；约会 ◎make an appointment with sb与某人约会/预约 ◎keep/break an appointment守/违约 ◎appoint Davis to the job委派戴维斯做这项工作 ◎be appointed to direct the project被委派管理这项工程 ◎turn up at the appointed place到达约定地点 3．tend vt．照顾；照料 vi．倾向；趋于 ①The young man took a job ________(tend) a coffee bar after he arrived in New York． ②If we grow up eating certain foods in our family，then those foods tend _____________(link) with positive emotions． ③(2020·浙江7月卷)The lamb had become separated from its mother，so I jumped out of the tractor to tend ___ it while Don stayed in his seat． 每当我趋向于抱怨并且想放弃时，我都会看到他在竭尽全力，然后会发现自己也有了努力工作的动力。 _____________________________________，I watch him push himself to his own limits，and I find myself motivated to work as hard． ◎tend (to) sb/sth照料；护理 ◎tend to do sth易于做某事；往往会做某事 ◎tendency n．倾向；趋势 ◎have a tendency to do sth倾向于做某事；往往会做某事 ◎there is a tendency to do sth有一种做某事的倾向 ◎tend to make mistakes往往会犯错误 ◎tend (to) these disabled children carefully细心照料这些残疾的孩子 ◎have a tendency to talk too much总爱唠叨 4．replace vt．[课本义]接替；取代；更换　[增补义]把……放回原处 ①I watched him take off his basketball uniform and replace it ________ a baseball uniform． ②(2021·天津3月卷)For Pruitt，a keen bicyclist，the first thing to do was _______________(replace) his stolen bike． ③__________(replace) petrol-powered private cars worldwide with electric and shared systems could sharply reduce carbon emissions． 他眼里闪现出一丝怀疑，但很快被坚定的信心所取代。 A look of disbelief came into his eyes，but ________________________ ________________． ◎replace...with/by...用……替换…… ◎replace...as...取代……而成为…… ◎take the place of sb/take one's place代替某人 ◎in place of sb/in one's place代替某人 ◎replace the magazines after reading杂志读完后放回原处 ◎replace the original painting with a copy用摹本换走原画 ◎use milk in place of cream in this recipe在这个食谱中用牛奶代替奶油 5．assist vt．帮助；援助 ①(2021·全国乙卷)I always assist my parents ___ doing the dishes after meals． ②All powers were in the hands of the emperor alone，with a group of ministers __________(assist) him with government affairs． ③I favour targeting financial ___________(assist) to people with low incomes or sudden income loss． (普通表达)The twins，helped by their father，finally succeeded in cooking a delicious breakfast． (高级表达)The twins，________________________________________________ _____________，finally succeeded in cooking a delicious breakfast． ◎assist sb to do sth帮助某人做某事 ◎assist sb in doing sth帮助某人做某事 ◎assist sb with/in sth帮助某人做某事 ◎assistance n．帮助；援助；支持 ◎with one's assistance在某人的帮助下 ◎come to one's assistance来帮助某人 ◎assist him to get on his feet again帮助他重新站起来 ◎assist me in finding a place to live帮我找个住的地方 ◎assist the doctor with the operation协助医生做手术 6．[教材原句]She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital．她立即成为第一位被聘为北京协和医院妇产科住院医师的女性。 ①(2022·全国乙卷)Selected from collections throughout the world，it is the first major exhibition of his work ___________(hold) in over forty years． ②(2023·全国乙卷)Four years later，she was the first African American woman ___________(receive) a medical degree． ③(2021·全国甲卷)The first rhino ______(be) born at Port Lympne arrived on January 5 to first-time mother Kisima and weighed about 32kg． 出乎意料的是，当宫殿最近重新向公众开放时，我是第一批进入其中的人。 Surprisingly，I was among ___________________________________________ when it reopened to the public recently． the first/second＋n．＋to do意为“第一/二个做……的人/物”。名词前有序数词修饰时，其后常接动词不定式作定语，此时不定式表示已完成的动作。如果名词与不定式之间是主动关系，不定式要用主动形式(to do)；如是被动关系，则不定式要用被动形式(to be done)。 At the Beijing Olympics she became the first Jamaican woman ever to win the 100 metres Olympic gold．在北京奥运会上，她成为第一位获得女子百米奥运金牌的牙买加人。 7．[教材原句]After a while，a group of women came along，each balancing a pot of water on her head．过了一会儿，一群妇女走了过来，每人头上都稳稳地顶着一罐水。 ①The gold seekers would carry their supplies in backpacks，each _________(weigh) up to fifty pounds． ②Hundreds of refugees，most ________(dress) in rags，attempted to enter other countries． ③The end-term examination ________(draw) near，many students have to stay up late reviewing their lessons． 妇女们在诊所的走廊里排起了长队，有些抱着哭泣的孩子。走廊色彩鲜艳，点缀着卡通人物。 Women，______________________________，formed a long queue in the clinic's brightly-coloured corridor dotted with cartoon characters． 教材原句中的each balancing a pot of water on her head是独立主格结构作状语。独立主格结构由“名词/代词＋名词、形容词、副词、介词短语或非谓语动词等”构成，用于修饰谓语动词或整个句子。独立主格结构中的名词或代词与其后的成分构成逻辑上的主谓或动宾关系。独立主格结构可置于主句前、主句后或主句中，在句中作状语或定语，相当于一个状语或定语从句。 Jim was listening to the lecture，all his attention fixed on it．吉姆正全神贯注地听讲座。 Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空。 1．Totally lost in a daydream，she made no _________(respond) to her mother's question． 2．The judge will appoint a court lawyer __________(defend) the suspect if he can't afford one． 3．Bats are surprisingly long-lived creatures，some _______(have) a lifespan of around 20 years． 4．Tchaikovsky was given a state funeral—the first commoner ever ______________ (grant) this honour． 5．(2021·新高考Ⅱ卷)Cattle tend ___________(keep) in remote places and their value has risen，making them appealing targets． 6．There have been many reports in recent years that warn of future job losses with computers __________(replace) humans in many industries． Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词。 1．When feeling an economic slowdown，many people tend to respond ___ spending less． 2．So it is unlikely that coffee can replace tea ___ the country's main drink any time soon． 3．As had been expected，he was appointed ___ chairman of the Chinese Football Association． 4．Many children of off-farm workers were left behind at home，with no one to tend ___ them． Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空。 1．Hearing the gunshot，the little girl curled up in the corner，_______(scare) half to death． 2．She expressed her dislike of the programme by writing a letter of __________ (complain)． 3．She went through a period of emotional adjustment after her _________(marry) broke up． 4．One woman tripped over the stone and her water pot went _________(crash) to the ground． Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词。 1．The stone is __ danger to anyone who comes down the street after dark． 2．China's economy is beginning to pick ___ while America's is still in trouble． 3．People often complain ______ how children spend so much time on computer games． 4．Dr Lin，having delivered over 50，000 babies in her lifetime，was known ___ the “mother of ten thousand babies”． Ⅰ．熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思) 1．(2023·全国甲卷)The Socrates Express is a fun，sharp book that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and gradually pulls them in deeper thoughts on desire，loneliness，and aging． __ A．急剧的　　　　B．锋利的　　　C．深刻的 2．(2023·浙江1月卷)In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City，the Summer Palace，and the Temple of Heaven，the hutongs reflect the culture of grassroots Beijingers． __ A．球场 　　　　B．宫廷 　　 C．法院 3．(2019·全国Ⅰ卷)Chris trips on the “-ld，” a pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers． __ A．磕巴 　　　　B．旅行 　　 C．绊倒 Ⅱ．长难语句(分析句子的结构并翻译成汉语) 1．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)A ground-breaking，five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world's languages． 本句是一个复合句，可简化为：A...study shows that...changes...led to new speech sounds...。句中的第一个that引导出_____从句，第二个that引导出_____从句，修饰sounds。 [尝试翻译]__________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 2．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)The GPNP is designed to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity of natural ecosystems，preserving biological diversity，protecting ecological buffer zones，and leaving behind precious natural assets for future generations”． 本句是一个简单句，可简化为：The GPNP is designed to reflect the guiding principle...。句中principle后面的介词短语of...是作_____，修饰principle，其中，protecting...，preserving...，protecting...，and leaving behind...是四个并列的动词-ing形式短语作介词of的_____。 [尝试翻译]__________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ As the examination approaches, the majority of the high school students are busy 1．__________(review) their lessons, resulting in a sharp decline in their amount of exercise．2．___ some extent, the PE class provides them with the only precious opportunity to relax at 3．____ moment．Unfortunately, current PE classes are quite boring and sometimes even 4．_________(replace) by other courses．Many students complained to their teachers about this but received no 5．_________(respond)．It is generally accepted that proper exercise can build up the body, cultivate one's virtue, 6．____ relieve tension and anxiety．There're plenty of 7．_________(example) that illustrate the value of exercising regularly．Passive attitudes towards physical education tend 8．_________(cause) harm to students' health, leaving them feeling tired and, in worse cases, fainting during classes．It is hoped that teachers can 9．_________(flexible) design and organise some interesting sports activities 10．______ everyone can be involved．Please bear in mind that physical education not only allows students to find their own fun but also helps enrich their school life． Step 1．单句写作(利用本单元知识补全所给英文句子) ①我们的校长李华是一个品德高尚的人。 Our principal，Li Hua，is ________________． ②他把全部精力都贡献给了自己的事业，从来不抱怨工作的艰苦。 He has devoted all his energy to his career，______________________________ ________． ③他乐于助人，经常帮助有困难的人渡过难关。 He is always ready to help others and __________________________________ ____________． ④他工作了几十年，几个月前退休了。 ______________________ after having worked ____________． ⑤他仍精力充沛，愿意继续为我们学校做些力所能及的工作。 _____________________________________________________ for our school． ⑥全体教职员工都非常尊敬他，而他确实值得尊敬！ __________________________________________________ and he is truly worthy of the respect! Step 2．衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇) ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Step 1．储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描述的词汇) 用于情感描写的词汇 用于人物描写的词汇 scary; in tears; complain; tension; despair faint; tend to; carry sb through; replace; whisper Step 2．续写练笔(完成下面的续写片段并背诵) 苏珊在车祸中受重伤昏迷了。在医院苏醒后，她发现自己双目失明了。霎时，她觉得自己陷入了可怕的黑暗世界。她整天愁眉不展，以泪洗面。丈夫马克看到妻子的样子感到心如刀割。然而，他没有抱怨，而是非常细心地照顾她，决心帮她渡过难关。渐渐地，苏珊的紧张情绪得到缓解，绝望被信心所取代。她低声对丈夫说：“谢谢你，马克。是你帮我走出了困境。” __________________________________________ in a car crash．When ___________________________ in the hospital，___________________________ ____________．For a moment，she felt like _______________________________ _____________．She frowned all day long，________________．Her husband Mark _________________ when he saw what his wife was like．However，__________________________________________ with great care，determined _____________________________________．Gradually，___________________ ______________________________________________．She _______________ __________，“Thank you，Mark．It is you that have helped me out．” 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 必修第三册　UNIT 2 语基自主检测·目标确立 核心单词 1．illustrate　2．complain　3．hire　4．publish　5．retire　6．faint　7．decade　8．whisper　9．bite　10．harm　11．flexible　12．memory 语境运用 1．complaining　2．published　3．decades　4．hiring　5．harms　6．illustrated　7．bitten　8．retired　9．whispering 派生单词 1．marriage　2．rejection　3．election　4．scared；scary　5．operation　6．tension 语境运用 1．marriage；married　2．rejected；rejection　3．to elect；election　4．scared；scary；scaring　5．operation；to operate　6．tense；tension 高频短语 1．carry sb through sth　2．pass away　3．in memory of　4．trip over　5．in tears　6．in despair　7．a great deal (of)　8．with all one's might 语境运用 1．tripped over　2．in despair　3．carried him through　4．in memory of　5．in tears　6．passed away 写作佳句背诵 1．Mum would rather wait for Dad　2．whose pleasant scent filled the car 考点归纳探究·精准讲练 1．①responding　②to　③response [完美写作]My response was obviously far more than what my daughter had expected 2．①appointed　②appointment　③himself [完美写作]accompany you to the bookstore at the appointed time 3．①tending　②to be linked　③to [完美写作]Whenever I tend to complain and quit 4．①with/by　②(to) replace　③Replacing [完美写作]was quickly replaced by firm confidence 5．①in　②assisting　③assistance [完美写作]assisted by their father/with the assistance of their father 6．①to be held　②to receive　③to be [完美写作]the first ever to gain entry to the palace 7．①weighing　②dressed　③drawing [完美写作]some carrying crying children 三层强基固本·达标训练 层级一 Ⅰ．1．response　2．to defend　3．having　4．to be granted　5．to be kept　6．replacing Ⅱ．1．by　2．as　3．as　4．to 层级二 Ⅰ．1．scared　2．complaint　3．marriage　4．crashing Ⅱ．1．a　2．up　3．about　4．as 层级三 Ⅰ．1．C　2．B　3．A Ⅱ．1．化繁为简：宾语　定语 尝试翻译：一项历时五年的开创性研究表明，人类咬食物方式的改变导致了新语音的出现，现在，这些语音在世界上一半的语言中都有发现。 2．化繁为简：定语　宾语 尝试翻译：大熊猫国家公园的设计旨在体现这样一个指导原则，即“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，保护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”。 三维提能培优·进阶训练 维度一 1．reviewing　2．To　3．the　4．replaced　5．response　6．and　7．examples　8．to cause　9．flexibly　10．where 维度二 Step 1． ①a man of virtue　②never complaining about the hard work　③often carries people in need through troubles　④He retired months ago；for decades　⑤He is still energetic，and willing to do what he can　⑥All the teaching staff have great respect for him Step 2． Our principal, Li Hua, is a man of virtue．He has devoted all his energy to his career, never complaining about the hard work．In addition, he is always ready to help others and often carries people in need through troubles．He retired months ago after having worked for decades．But he is still energetic, and willing to do what he can for our school．All the teaching staff have great respect for him and he is truly worthy of the respect! 维度三 Step 2． Susan fainted after getting badly injured；she regained consciousness；she found herself blinded in both eyes；she had been thrown into a scary dark world；bathed in tears；felt heartbroken；rather than complaining，he tended to her；to carry her through the tough times；Susan's tension was eased and despair was replaced by confidence；whispered to her husband 82 / 106 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 课时分层作业(十三) Ⅰ．阅读理解 A 篇(限时6分钟) Still waiting for your letter to arrive by owl(猫头鹰)? Don't worry．You can still lose yourself in the magical world of Harry Potter，just by following this four-day route． Day 1　Overview Edinburgh It was in Scotland's capital city that J．K．Rowling started to plot the adventures of Harry and his fellows．With stoned streets，winding alleys(小巷) and medieval(中世纪的) architecture，the city certainly has a few things in common with the settings from the books and films．She wrote the early chapters in various cafes around the city's Old Towns． Day 2　Overview travel to Fort William Travel by train from Edinburgh to Glasgow and from there，and you can take the West Highland Line to Fort William．This is a great way to see some famous spots from the window，including the mysterious Rannoch Moor，the place where Death Eaters board the train in the movie Harry Potter and The Deathly Hallows． Day 3　Overview all aboard the Hogwarts express Witness the sweeping cinematic scenery straight out of the eight successful films by booking a seat on the Jacobite Steam Train，which travels from Fort William to Mallaig along the West Highland Line．Stop for lunch in Mallaig and then make the return journey to Fort William．Please be sure to book the steam train in advance，as it is a very popular experience．It opens for the season in April． Day 4　Overview lakes and valleys In the films，mysterious，misty landscapes frame (衬托) the background of Harry's tale，so it's no surprise that the producers chose the Highlands for many scenes．Spend a day wandering through some of these beautiful spots and feeling the magical atmosphere． 1．Where did J．K．Rowling first start to create Harry Potter? A．In Mallaig．　　　 B．In Edinburgh． C．In Glasgow． D．In Fort William． 2．What are you required to do if you want to take the steam train? A．Have lunch earlier than usual． B．Learn about the return ticket． C．Make a reservation beforehand． D．Take a training course in April． 3．On which day can you experience the producers' favorite settings? A．Day 1． B．Day 2． C．Day 3． D．Day 4． B 篇(限时7分钟) (2024·日照市期末)Kieran Moise started growing out his hair in the eighth grade，after losing a friend to brain cancer．He had seen people donate their hair to children who had lost theirs during medical treatment and wanted to do the same． “Kieran has always been known for his hair．It was a big part of his personality and who he was，” said his mother, Kelly．“But he has always been the most compassionate and caring person．Since he was 6 years old, he has somehow had the mindset of raising money and giving it to people who need it, and that has never changed．” In May, Moise graduated from high school with an impressive 19-inch Afro (非洲式发型)．But with him set to enter the United States Air Force Academy，it was time for a cut． To maximize his impact, Moise organized a live event at a local brewery in Huntsville and an online fundraising campaign called “Kieran's Curls for Cancer”， where he aimed to raise $1，000 per inch cut． On May 29, nearly 100 people attended the event，where they watched Moise get his hair braided and snipped off．His hair was donated to Children With Hair Loss, a non-profit organization in Michigan that makes free wigs for kids and young adults facing medically related hair loss． By the end of the day, the event raised $20，000 for St．Jude Children's Research Hospital and has continued to raise money online．As of Saturday, it was more than $39，000． “Charitable giving comes in many forms, from direct acts of kindness to impactful public statements that motivate others to come together to support a cause，” Richard C．Shadyac Jr．, President and CEO of ALSAC, the fundraising and awareness organization for St．Jude Children's Research Hospital, told the media，“Kieran's simple act of kindness exemplifies (例证) the power of younger generations and is something to celebrate, and a selfless decision that will make a direct impact on the lives of the kids at St．Jude Children's Research Hospital and children everywhere for years to come．” 4．What contributed to Kieran Moise's starting growing out his hair? A．His high-quality fine hair． B．The death of one of his friends． C．His witness of children's pain． D．The encouragement from his mother． 5．Why does Kieran Moise's mother mention his childhood? A．To introduce his kind deeds in the past． B．To prove his unique personality． C．To praise him for his contributions． D．To show that he is kind from an early age． 6．What's mainly talked about in the last paragraph? A．Kieran's kindness benefited himself． B．Kieran's love will be richly rewarded． C．Kieran's deeds will inspire more kindnesses． D．Kieran's behavior showed a new form of charity． 7．Which of the following can best describe Kieran Moise? A．Kind-hearted and creative． B．Sweet-natured and tolerant． C．Good-natured and ambitious． D．Good-tempered and considerate． C 篇(限时7分钟) (2024·湖南省六校联考)When romantic partners argue over things like finances，jealousy，or other interpersonal issues，they tend to employ their current feelings as fuel for a heated argument．But thinking about the future helps overcome relationship conflicts，according to a study by the University of Waterloo just published online in Social Psychological and Personality Science．Alex Huynh，a doctoral candidate in psychology，is the lead author of the study，which he published with Igor Grossmann from the University of Waterloo，and Daniel Yang from Yale University． Previous research has shown that third-perspective reasoning can be a positive strategy for reconciliation(调解)of interpersonal struggles．Huynh and his collaborators investigated whether the similar benefit can be induced by simply thinking about the future．Study participants were instructed to reflect on a recent conflict with a romantic partner or a close friend．One group of participants was then asked to describe how they would feel about the conflict one year in the future，while another group was asked to describe how they feel in the present． The team examined participants' written responses through a text analysis program for their use of pronouns such as I，me，she，he．These choices of pronouns were used to capture participants' focus on the feelings and behaviour of those involved in the conflict．Written responses were also examined for forgiveness and reinterpreting the conflict more positively，both of which implied the participants' use of reasoning strategies． The researchers found that envisioning(展望) future relationships affected both participants' focus on their feelings and their reasoning strategies．As a result，participants reported more positivity about their relationships altogether，especially when study participants extended their thinking about the relationships a year into the future． “Our study demonstrates that adopting a future-oriented perspective in the context of a relationship conflict—reflecting on how one might feel a year from now—may be a valuable coping tool for one's psychological happiness and relationship well-being，”said Huynh． 8．What do romantic partners do in face of most disagreements? A．They lose faith in their future． B．They look forward to a fierce conflict． C．They focus on their present feelings． D．They care more about financial problems． 9．What does the underlined word“induced”in paragraph 2 most probably mean? A．Explained．　　　　 B．Caused． C．Reduced． D．Improved． 10．What do we know about the study? A．The reasoning strategies in participants' written responses were well worthy of note． B．Study participants described their recent relationships with their romantic partners or friends． C．A text analysis program was employed to examine participants' use of negative words． D．All the study participants described how they feel both in the present and in the future． 11．What can be the best title of the text? A．You Have a Year to Solve Your Interpersonal Problems! B．Beneficial Reasoning Is a Positive Strategy for Reconciliation! C．Your Current Feelings Are the Real Cause of Your Heated Arguments! D．Thinking about Future Is Essential for Relationship Maintenance! Ⅱ．完形填空(限时12分钟) (2024年1月，九省联考)I was halfway across Indiana headed home to Kentucky when my car broke down．My phone was 1 ，too．I managed to get to a gas station，but it was Sunday in the early fall，and there was no 2 on duty．I was working my way through university then and had little money for 3 the car． I sat alongside my car for several hours trying to 4 the heat when an older gentleman 5 to fuel his car．He asked about my car，and I 6 my predicament (困境)．To my 7 ，the gentleman told me that he had a daughter of my age，and then he opened his trunk and 8 a tool set． Right then and there，this total 9 examined my engine，explaining as he worked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn't been changed for so long that they were 10 to function．After about an hour，he 11 that my car was safe to finish the trip． 12 came at the hands of a stranger． 13 his clothes，working on a hot September afternoon，this man 14 a college student from disaster，just because she could have been his 15 ． 1．A．busy　　　　　　 B．loud C．dead D．secure 2．A．mechanic B．policeman C．manager D．guide 3．A．washing B．parking C．purchasing D．maintaining 4．A．feel B．beat C．absorb D．produce 5．A．promised B．refused C．stopped D．volunteered 6．A．solved B．noticed C．escaped D．explained 7．A．surprise B．regret C．amusement D．disappointment 8．A．called up B．pulled out C．put down D．threw away 9．A．liar B．beginner C．stranger D．loser 10．A．free B．ready C．uncertain D．unable 11．A．pronounced B．agreed C．discovered D．doubted 12．A．Tiredness B．Kindness C．Loneliness D．Carefulness 13．A．Folding B．Drying C．Soiling D．Mending 14．A．saved B．called C．judged D．banned． 15．A．friend B．daughter C．co-worker D．customer Ⅲ．应用文写作(限时13分钟) (2024·长春市质监)随着知识经济的发展，我们的社会越来越需要“全能型人才”。假设你是李华，学校英文社团请你写一份倡议书，主题为“To Be an All-round Student”，内容包括： 1．提出倡议的背景； 2．倡议的内容； 3．提出呼吁。 注意：1．写作词数应为80左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 参考词汇：all-round talents 全能型人才 To Be an All-round Student Dear boys and girls， ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ The English Club 7 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 课时分层作业(十三) Ⅰ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。本文主要介绍了能让你沉浸在《哈利·波特》的魔法世界里的四天旅行体验。 1．B　[细节理解题。根据 Day 1 Overview Edinburgh部分中的“It was in Scotland's capital city that J．K．Rowling started to plot the adventures of Harry and his fellows．”可知，J．K．罗琳是在爱丁堡首次开始创作《哈利·波特》的，故选B。] 2．C　[细节理解题。根据 Day 3 Overview all aboard the Hogwarts express部分中的“Please be sure to book the steam train in advance...”可知，如果你想乘坐蒸汽火车，你需要提前预订，故选C。] 3．D　[细节理解题。根据 Day 4 Overview lakes and valleys 部分中的“In the films，mysterious，misty landscapes frame the background of Harry's tale，so it's no surprise that the producers chose the Highlands for many scenes．”可知，在第四天你可以体验到制片人最喜欢的拍摄场景，故选D。] 【语篇解读】　本文为一篇记叙文。Kieran Moise留长自己的头发捐给需要的人，他的善举引起了人们的积极反响。 4．B　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Kieran Moise started growing out his hair in the eighth grade, after losing a friend to brain cancer．”可知，Kieran Moise开始留长头发是因为他的一个朋友不幸死于脑癌，故选B。] 5．D　[细节理解题。Kieran Moise的母亲提到他的童年是为了证明上一句的内容，即第二段中的“he has always been the most compassionate and caring person”，因此，Kieran Moise的母亲提到他的童年是为了表明他从小就很善良，故选D。] 6．C　[段落大意题。根据最后一段内容尤其是“Charitable giving comes in many forms, from direct acts of kindness to impactful public statements that motivate others to come together to support a cause”可知，最后一段主要讲到了Kieran Moise的事迹将激发更多的善举，故选C。] 7．A　[推理判断题。根据第二段中的“But he has always been the most compassionate and caring person．”可知，Kieran Moise自小心地善良。再根据第四段中的“Moise organized a live event at a local brewery in Huntsville and an online fundraising campaign”和第五段中的“nearly 100 people...and snipped off”可以看出，Kieran Moise的筹款方式富有创造力。综上可知，Kieran Moise是一个心地善良并且富有创造力的男孩，故选A。] 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。研究人员发现展望未来可以帮助人们解决人际关系方面的冲突。 8．C　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“When romantic partners argue over things ...they tend to employ their current feelings as fuel for a heated argument．”可知，伴侣在争吵的时候比较关注当前的感受，故C项正确。] 9．B　[词义猜测题。根据语境可知，画线词所在句中的“the similar benefit”指的是与上文中提到的“reconciliation of interpersonal struggles”相似的益处，上文中提到的益处是由“third-perspective reasoning”产生的，因此研究人员想知道“simply thinking about the future”是不是也可以产生相似的效果，故B项与画线词的意义最为接近。] 10．A　[推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Written responses were also examined ...reasoning strategies．”可推知，参与者书面答复中暗含的推理策略同样值得关注，故A项正确。] 11．D　[标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了一项研究发现，此类文章的主题一般为研究结果。根据第一段中的“But thinking about the future helps overcome relationship conflicts，according to a study by the University of Waterloo”可知，研究表明展望未来可以帮助人们解决人际关系方面的冲突，故D项最适合作本文的标题。] Ⅱ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者是一名在校大学生，在驾车外出途中汽车出了故障，她设法开到一家加油站，却发现汽车修理工不上班。后来，与她素不相识的一位老先生来加油，为她修好了汽车。 1．C　2．A　3．D　4．B　5．C　6．D　7．A　8．B　9．C　10．D 11．A　12．B　13．C　14．A　15．B Ⅲ．【参考范文】 To Be an All-round Student Dear boys and girls， With the development of knowledge economy，it is necessary that we should strive to be an all-round senior high school student． We are supposed to do whatever we can to improve ourselves from all aspects．Firstly，be physically and mentally healthy，which lays a solid foundation for our study and life．Secondly，we must hold an active attitude towards study，forming a good learning habit．Furthermore，while studying hard，we should attach great importance to the innovation consciousness and practical ability． For the benefit of our future development，let's take immediate action from now on． The English Club 1 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$