第1部分 必修第2册 Unit 3 THE INTERNET-【名师导航】2025年高考英语一轮总复习讲义（人教版）

THE INTERNET 续写语料积累 背诵·句之美 欣赏·语之秀 1．(心理描写)(2024·辽宁联盟调研)With butterflies in my stomach，I waited for her to pick up the receiver． 2．(行为描写)(2024·广东实验中学)Before I continued，he rolled his eyes，slammed the door and walked away． 3．(景物描写)(2024·湖北名校联考)At least the weather was amazing—cotton-candy clouds dotted the deep blue sky． (2024·株洲质量检测) Dressed in the same performing suit，Mum pushed Justin proudly with a bright smile on her face as Justin threw himself heart and soul into the performance．Joyful music floating in the air，the mother and son were indeed a perfect match in the parade，which soon became the centre of attention． 核心单词 语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空) 1．_____ vi．聊天；闲聊 2．_______ vt．更新；向……提供最新信息 n．更新；最新消息 3．______ adj．艰难的；严厉的 4．_____ vt．& vi．浏览；冲浪 5．____ n．忠告；诀窍；实用的提示 6．_________ n．功能；作用；机能 vi．起作用；正常工作；运转 7．________ vt．确认；使确信 8．______ vt．按，压；敦促 9．______ vt．& vi．点击 10．_______ n．目标；对象；靶子vt．把……作为攻击目标 11．______ adj．心烦的；苦恼的；沮丧的 vt．使烦恼；使生气；搅乱 12．_________ adj．熟悉；熟知 1．I often use my phone ________(surf) the Internet，chat with my friends and get the latest news． 2．On summer evenings they stayed in the open air，_________(chat) over a cup of tea． 3．It ___________________(confirm) so far that the risk of infection is higher among children． 4．Kandy Magazine is a men's lifestyle magazine，__________(target) the single male between the ages of 18－40． 5．When ________(press) to explain why he was absent，the pupil lied again to his teacher． 6．A war injury has made his left hand stop ____________(function)，and he has often been in prison． 7．(2022·全国甲卷改)Knowing some _____(tip) when dining out will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family． 8．Other European countries laid down a similar requirement for immigrants，and some terms are even ________(tough)． 9．The operating system needs ______ ________(update) regularly in order to protect you from threats． 派生单词 语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空) 1．convenience n．便利；方便→___________ adj．方便的；近便的→_____________ adj．不方便的；引起麻烦的 2．distance n．距离→________ adj．遥远的；冷淡的 3．inspire vt．鼓舞；激励；启发思考→__________ adj．鼓舞人心的→_________ adj．受到鼓舞的→____________ n．鼓舞；灵感 4．rude adj．粗鲁的；无礼的→_______ adv．粗鲁地；无礼地；突然地；猛烈地→_________ n．粗鲁 5．embarrass vt．使尴尬；使陷入困境→_____________ adj．让人难堪的→____________ adj．尴尬的；陷入困境的→______________ n．窘迫 1．Text messaging is ___________，but I prefer to use WeChat for its greater ____________．(convenient) 2．Pat often sounds cold and ________，and that's why his neighbours keep him at a _________．(distant) 3．My ____________ often comes from poets like Baudelaire，who wrote a lot of __________ works．(inspire) 4．He behaves _______,_and few people like him because of his _______．(rude) 5．I feel ____________ at being the centre of attention．You never know how _____________ it is to be watched over at any time．(embarrass) 高频短语 语境运用(选用左栏短语的适当形式填空) 1．________________陪伴某人 2．___________经历；度过；通读 3．_________状况良好 4．______________掌握……的最新消息；了解……的动态 5．____________取笑；戏弄 6．_______________牢记 7．______________打折扣 8．______________尤其是 1．When the child was ill in hospital，his sister came to _________________． 2．I never _____________ a final exam that was as difficult as that one． 3．We had to ____________ our belongings，and if something was lost，it was not replaced． 4．He prepared for the job interview by researching the company and ____________ the key skills they were looking for． 5．Those girls at the office have very sharp tongues and like to ____________ others． 6．Tim is _________ physically even though he doesn't get much exercise． 原句结构辨识 写作佳句背诵 1．“with＋n．＋to do”复合结构 At age 50，she found herself out of work and stuck at home with only her computer to keep her company． 没有路可走，简就在森林里漫无目的地走着，走了很长时间。 _______________________，Jane just walked aimlessly in the forest for quite a long time．(续写之行为描写) 2．so...that...引导结果状语从句 She was so inspired by the people she met online that she decided to start an IT club to teach older people how to use computers and the Internet． 看到这意想不到的礼物，母亲非常感动，她的眼里闪烁着喜悦的泪光。 At the sight of the unexpected gift，Mother __________________ her eyes were sparkling with tears of great joy．(续写之情感描写) 1．stuck adj．卡住；陷(入)；困(于) ①(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)And in Karakalpakstan，he is saddened by the dust storms，diseases and fishing boats ______(stick) miles from the sea． ②(2021·全国乙卷)More than half of Australian homes are still choosing _________(stick) with their home phone． ③To get the students back in order，I shared my own story of getting my knee ______(stick) between the rails of a balcony． 一旦选择了自己的生活方式，你就要勇敢地坚持到底，永不回头。 Once you've chosen your way of life，be brave enough ___________________ ______________． ◎be/get stuck in陷入；被卡在……里面；被困于 ◎stick to坚持；信守 ◎stick with坚持；和……待在一起 ◎stick out伸出；突出 ◎stick it out坚持到底；坚持下去 ◎be stuck in the middle of the lake被困在湖的中央 ◎stick to healthy food choices throughout the day坚持全天吃健康的食物 ◎make him stick out from the crowd使他从众人之中脱颖而出 2．benefit n．益处 vt．使受益 vi．得益于 ①The students ___________(benefit) most from college are those who are totally engaged in academic life． ②China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals ____ the benefit of all its citizens． ③We should apply our wisdom to high technologies _____ which humans can benefit． (普通表达)Jogging regularly is good for your body shape． (高级表达)Jogging regularly is ______________________ to your body shape． ◎benefit sb/sth对……有益 ◎benefit from...从……中受益；得益于…… ◎be of benefit to...＝be beneficial to...对……有益处 ◎for the benefit of...为了……的利益 ◎beneficial adj．有益的；有利的；有用的 ◎weigh the benefits against the cost权衡利益与成本间的得失 ◎have a beneficial effect on children's learning对孩子们的学习有益 ◎be extremely beneficial to your brain对你的大脑很有好处 3．access n．通道；(使用、查阅、接近或面见的)机会 vt．进入；使用；获取 ①(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)As cities balloon with growth，access ___ nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find． ②(2021·北京卷)Your application will ____________(access) by UNESCO managers and will stay in our database for six months． ③TOKNOW magazine makes complex ideas attractive and ___________(access) to children，who can become involved in advanced concepts． 坐轮椅的人可以很容易地进入这幢大楼，因为它没有台阶。 ①The building _________________________________________ for it has no steps． ②Wheelchair users _________________________________ for it has no steps． ◎access to...通往……的路；接近……的机会；进入……的权利 ◎have/get/gain access to...得以接近/进入/使用……的权利或机会 ◎accessible adj．可接近的；可进入的；可使用的 ◎be accessible to sb可供某人使用/进入/得到 ◎access the Internet anytime you want随时上网 ◎the only access to the village通往村子的唯一道路 ◎have no access to clean drinking water喝不到干净的饮用水 4．account [课本义]n．账户；描述　[增补义]vi．解释；是……的原因；(数量或比例上)占 ①(2020·浙江7月卷)The results held true even after the scientists accounted ____ the participants' overall health status． ②(2019·天津卷)The professor warned the students that ___ no account should they use mobile phones in his class． ③The company will take _____ account his education background before deciding whether to employ him． (普通表达)I sincerely hope you will consider my application and arrange an interview． (高级表达)I sincerely hope you will ________________________________ my application and arrange an interview． ◎give an account of...描述或介绍…… ◎take account of.../take...into account把……考虑在内 ◎on account of由于；因为 ◎on no account决不 ◎account for解释；是……的原因；占……(比例) ◎give a full account of my unforgettable trip to Europe详尽介绍我难忘的欧洲之旅 ◎account for 30% of total global fertilizer consumption占全球化肥总消耗量的30% ◎on account of being late for the important conference因为重要会议迟到 5．case n．[课本义]盒；箱；情况；案件　[增补义]案例；病例 ①(2021·全国乙卷改)19 percent say they never use their landline while a further 13 percent keep it in case ___ emergencies． ②(2020·江苏卷改)Some people believe that humorous complaints about the little problems of life make humor，and sometimes that is ____ case． ③He had his camera ready just ___ case he saw something that would make a good picture． 通常，对怀揣希望的人来说，一切皆有可能。 ①_____________________ that anything is possible for those who hang on to hope． ②_____________________，anything is possible for those who hang on to hope． ◎in case假使；如果；以防(万一) ◎in case of ...假如；以防 ◎in most cases在多数情况下 ◎in this/that case假使这样/那样的话 ◎in any case不管怎样；在任何情况下 ◎in no case决不 ◎as is often the case通常情况下；这是常有的事 ◎look into a case of theft调查一起盗窃案 ◎the new confirmed cases新的确诊病例 ◎if that is the case如果真是那样 6．[教材原句]She also joined an online group where she could talk about her problems and get support and advice from others．她还加入了一个在线小组，在那里她可以谈论自己的问题，并获得他人的支持和建议。 ①Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers ______ consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law． ②The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere ______ his employees enjoy their work． ③Last year，I spent all my time looking for a job ______，without dealing with the public，I could work alone，but still have a team to talk to． 昨天，我尝到了陷入绝望境地的滋味，当时，我唯一得到帮助的希望却只能来自一个完全陌生的人。 Yesterday I had a taste of being stuck in such a desperate situation ____________________________________________________________________． where引导定语从句时，先行词多是表示地点的名词，但有时先行词不是表示地点的名词，如case，point，situation，stage，lecture等，定语从句的引导词亦可用where，且可换成in which。但要记住，此时，先行词一定是在定语从句中作地点状语。 Another trend is off-site or virtual management，where teams of people linked by e-mail and the Internet work on projects from their own houses．另一种趋势是非现场管理或虚拟管理，团队成员由电子邮件和互联网连接起来，在自己的家中就能做项目。 7．[教材原句]However，the more polite you are，the less likely it is you will be attacked．然而，你越有礼貌，你被攻击的可能性就越小。 ①(2021·全国甲卷)And the more we look，the more we _________(see) that social factors like gender，race，and class do not determine the appearance of genius． ②The air can absorb more water vapour，____ higher its temperature． ③(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets，the _______ (hot) the spring! 这事她越想越害怕，手掌冒汗，心跳加速。 ________________________________________________________，her palms sweating and her heart pounding wildly． the more...，the more...是固定句式，意为“越……越……”，其中前一分句是条件状语从句，后一分句是主句。前一分句中不可使用将来时态，常用一般现在时代替将来时。此句式中通常用倒装语序，但如果把从句放在主句之后，则主句中不用倒装语序。 The more fat you take in before bedtime，the greater burden you will put on your body at night．睡前摄入的脂肪越多，晚上给身体带来的负担就越大。 Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空。 1．He will take some spare clothes with him in case he ________________(get) wet． 2．The house had all the modern _____________ (convenient) that were unusual at that time． 3．In April，thousands of holidaymakers remained ______(stick) abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud． 4．The _______(long) a borrowed word has been in use，the more it sounds and even looks like the native language． 5．(2022·浙江1月卷)The _________(benefit) of regular exercise are well documented but there's a new bonus to add to the ever-growing list． 6．Foreigners living in Italy amounted to 4.56 million，with immigrants' children ___________(account) for an even larger percentage of births in Italy． Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词。 1．(2022·浙江1月卷)The world won't come to an end ___ most cases just because you left a few things undone． 2．(2020·新高考Ⅱ卷)The authorities closed access ___ the bridge and tens of thousands of people made their way back to land． 3．Teenagers who do not sleep well may experience situations ______ body development slows down，and their health suffers． 4．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)As the song goes，this long and winding road “will never disappear”，and it will always stick ___ the visitor's memory． Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空。 1．There are countless articles ________(tell) us how the Internet has made our lives more convenient． 2．But the Internet has done much more for people than _______(simple) make life more convenient． 3．One of the greatest benefits of the Internet is its ability __________(remove) the distance that usually exists between people． 4．A national survey showed that 37 percent of the people questioned felt their ________(private) was being invaded． Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词。 1．We now no longer have to wait ___ line or carry cash around when we go shopping． 2．If you give ____ your private information online，someone might use it to steal your identity． 3．Being online is no excuse ____ being rude，and you don't want to become a target for a cyberbully． 4．The wolf，which might feel the threats，ran away off the road and soon disappeared ___ the distance． Ⅰ．熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思) 1．(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism，including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works... __ A．辩护；辩词　　　　B．案件；案例　　　　C．盒子；箱子 2．(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)Before the wide use of the printing press，books were treasured objects and could be works of art in their own right． __ A．挤压　　　　　　B．新闻媒体　　　　　C．印刷机 3．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)I stuck the chicken in the freezer． __ A．粘贴　　　　　　B．放置 　　　　　　C．卡住 Ⅱ．长难语句(分析句子的结构并翻译成汉语) 1．(2023·全国甲卷)“There was once a town in the heart of America，where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co-existence with its surroundings，” her fable begins，borrowing some familiar words from many age-old fables． 本句是一个复合句，可简化为：“There was once a town...，where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co-existence...，” her fable begins，borrowing...words from...age-old fables．句中的where引导出一个非限制性_____从句，后面的borrowing...是动词-ing形式短语作_____状语。 [尝试翻译]__________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 2．(2022·全国乙卷)They moved in with a local family，the Harrisons，and，like them，had little privacy，rare baths，and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning． 本句是一个复合句，可简化为：They moved in...and...had little privacy，rare baths，and...snow...when they woke up...。句中的moved in与had是_____谓语，had后有三个名词作_____，when引导的是_________从句。 [尝试翻译]__________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ Mobile phones have brought us great benefits，and the continuous addition of new functions is making our lives more 1．___________(convenience)．Wherever we are，we can stay in touch with people we are familiar with．It is now commonly seen 2．_____ people chat online with their friends or family members．With a mobile phone，we can also surf the Internet，check e-mails，and send short 3．_________(message)．What's more，easy access 4．___ our favourite websites allows us to buy 5．______________ we want without having to leave our homes．A great many of us have even become accustomed to 6．________(kill) time by playing mobile games while waiting．However，disadvantages are also obvious，which remain 7．________________(address)．For example，some people，teenagers in particular，can easily get 8．______(stick) in illegal websites．Criminals may keep track of your personal information and steal your private account．There're a few people who oppose using mobile phones，9．_______(part) because they don't want to be upset about those troubles．It is strongly recommended that the government take even 10．________(tough) measures to fight against cyber crimes and create a purified network environment． Step 1．单句写作(利用本单元知识补全所给英文句子) ①说到网上购物的安全性，我有一些建议给你。 _________________ the security of online shopping, I ___________________ you． ②不要使用公共计算机，因为它们可能会记录下你的隐私。 Avoid using public computers ________________________________． ③在注册购物网站时，你必须确认你使用了一个保密性强的账户密码并妥善保管。 ____________________________________________________________ and keep it properly stored when __________________________________． ④务必记住，你要确保使用的是熟悉的、可依赖的应用程序。 Do __________________ you make sure you are using __________________ _________． ⑤如有关于网络安全的最新信息，我将继续与你分享。 If I _____________________________________________，I will continue to share them with you． Step 2．衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇) ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Step 1．储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描述的词汇) 用于情感描写的词汇 用于动作描写的词汇 embarrassed; stuck; tough chat; make fun of; stream Step 2．续写练笔(完成下面的续写片段并背诵) 一大早，我和朋友在校车上正愉快地聊天，突然车停了下来。胖瑞安匆匆上车，却不小心被别人的脚绊倒，趴在了地板上。他害怕被人取笑，挣扎着站起来，尴尬得脸通红。陷入如此难堪的境地，他愣住了，不知如何是好。他觉得自己成了众人取笑的对象，感到非常丢脸，眼泪开始止不住地流下来。他在经历多么艰难的时刻啊！ Early in the morning，______________________________________________ ______________ when it suddenly stopped．Fat Ryan got on hurriedly，but _________________________________________________，and then fell flat on the floor．____________________________，he struggled to his feet，_______________ ______________________．___________________________________，he froze there，at a loss what to do．He felt like __________________________________ _________________．He got so ashamed that ______________________________ ________ uncontrollably．____________________ he was going through! 13 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 必修第二册　UNIT 3 语基自主检测·目标确立 核心单词 1．chat　2．update　3．tough　4．surf　5．tip　6．function　7．confirm　8．press　9．click　10．target　11．upset　12．familiar 语境运用 1．to surf　2．chatting　3．has been confirmed　4．targeting　5．pressed　6．functioning　7．tips　8．tougher　9．to be updated 派生单词 1．convenient；inconvenient　2．distant　3．inspiring；inspired；　inspiration　4．rudely；rudeness　5．embarrassing；embarrassed； embarrassment 语境运用 1．convenient；convenience　2．distant；distance　3．inspiration；inspiring　4．rudely；rudeness　5．embarrassed；embarrassing 高频短语 1．keep sb company　2．go through　3．in shape　4．keep track of　5．make fun of　6．keep...in mind　7．at a discount　8．in particular 语境运用 1．keep him company　2．went through　3．keep track of　4．keeping in mind　5．make fun of　6．in shape 写作佳句背诵 1．With no path to follow　2．was so moved that 考点归纳探究·精准讲练 1．①stuck　②to stick　③stuck [完美写作]to stick it out and never return 2．①benefiting　②for　③from [完美写作]beneficial/of benefit 3．①to　②be accessed　③accessible [完美写作]①is easily accessible to wheelchair users　②have easy access to the building 4．①for　②on　③into [完美写作]take into account/consideration 5．①of　②the　③in [完美写作]①It is often the case　②As is often the case 6．①where　②where　③where [完美写作]where my only hope of help would have to come from a total stranger 7．①will see　②the　③hotter [完美写作]The more she thought about it，the more scared she felt 三层强基固本·达标训练 层级一 Ⅰ．1．gets/should get　2．conveniences　3．stuck　4．longer　5．benefits　6．accounting Ⅱ．1．in　2．to　3．where　4．in 层级二 Ⅰ．1．telling　2．simply　3．to remove　4．privacy Ⅱ．1．in　2．out　3．for　4．in 层级三 Ⅰ．1．A　2．C　3．B Ⅱ．1．化繁为简：定语　伴随 尝试翻译：“美国心脏地带曾经有一个小镇，那里的所有生命似乎都与周围的环境和平相处。”她的寓言的开头是这样写的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的表达。 2．化繁为简：并列　宾语　时间状语 尝试翻译：他们搬过去和哈里森一家住一起，那是当地的一个家庭。和哈里森的家人一样，他们几乎没有隐私，很少洗澡，早上醒来时被子上覆盖着一层雪。 三维提能培优·进阶训练 维度一 1．convenient　2．that　3．messages　4．to　5．whatever/what　6．killing　7．to be addressed　8．stuck　9．partly　10．tougher 维度二 Step 1． ①When it comes to；have some tips for　②as they may record your privacy　③It must be confirmed that you use a strong account password；registering at a shopping website　④keep in mind that；a familiar and trusted app　⑤have any further updates on network security Step 2． When it comes to the security of online shopping，I have some tips for you．To begin with，avoid using public computers as they may record your privacy．Moreover，it must be confirmed that you use a strong account password and keep it properly stored when registering at a shopping website．Last but not least，do keep in mind that you make sure you are using a familiar and trusted app．If I have any further updates on network security，I will continue to share them with you． 维度三 Step 2． my friends and I were chatting cheerfully on the school bus；he accidentally tripped over someone else's feet；Afraid of being made fun of；his face blushing with embarrassment；Stuck in such an awkward situation；he had become the target of everyone's jokes；tears began streaming down his cheeks；What a tough moment 82 / 106 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 课时分层作业(九) Ⅰ．阅读理解 A 篇(限时6分钟) After Impressionism：Inventing Modern Art 25 March－13 August 2023 Rooms 1 to 8 Explore a period of great change when artists broke with established tradition and laid the foundations for the art of the 20th and the 21st centuries． The decades between 1880 and the outbreak of the First World War in 1914 were a complex，energetic period of artistic questioning，searching，risk-taking and innovation． The exhibition celebrates the achievements of three giants of the period：Paul Cézanne，Vincent van Gogh and Paul Gauguin and follows the influences they had on younger generations of French artists and on wider circles of artists across Europe． With over a hundred works by artists ranging from Picasso to Mondrian and a selection of sculptures by artists including Rodin and Camille Claudel，the exhibition follows the creation of a new，modern art，free of convention，taking in Expressionism and Abstraction．The exhibition includes some of the most famous works of art created during these decades．Important loans come to the exhibition from institutions and private collections worldwide． Ticket prices (Free for members) Priority booking open for members． Join today to get early access to tickets，plus enjoy the exhibition in advance on 24 March． Standard admission On sale from 15 February From ￡24 Monday－Friday From ￡26 Saturday and Sunday A maximum of six tickets can be booked in the same deal．For larger group bookings please email． We recommend allowing 50－60 minutes for your visit to the exhibition． 1．What is the probable theme of the exhibition? A．Convention．　　　 B．Modern Art． C．Western Art． D．Impressionism． 2．How much should a couple pay if they visit the exhibition on weekends without membership? A．￡24． B．￡48． C．￡52． D．￡26． 3．Where is this text probably taken from? A．A textbook． B．A guidebook． C．A travel journal． D．A research report． B 篇(限时7分钟) (2024·湖北省部分重点中学联考)When she returned home that year，she was given an enthusiastic welcome in the same hall．Many hands stretched out to her，and many cameras focused on her．A reporter with glasses kept pestering her with the question：What do you like best? She was wondering how to respond when she caught sight of a bunch of flowers．Then she said，“Flowers！”Following her remarks，more flowers were at once presented to her，too many for her to hold．During the past two years，she had participated in many international competitions and brought back one shining medal after another．What she got in return were all smiles，flowers and camera flashes．Was it because of this that she became preoccupied with winning? The more she won，the more obsessed she was with the fear of losing．So her mind was in fact more burdened with success than with failure．The mind could control physical pains but could not free itself from mental strain easily． This time when she was a little off balance on the horizontal bar(单杠)，she became so worried that she lost self-control and fell off．This failure was followed by several more in other events．Afterwards in order to avoid people at the airport，she trailed along behind the team．She found that very few people greeted her and reporters seemed to shun her．However hard she tried，she couldn't turn the tide；she was a complete failure．Indeed，who would side with a failure? All of a sudden，she saw a pair of shoes in front of her．Who could it be? She raised her bent head slowly and saw a navy blue suit，long legs，and then a clear fair face．Before her stood the stewardess with her hands behind her back，speaking with a smile，“I watched your performance on the television．I knew you would come home today．So I am here especially to welcome you．” “I did very poorly，”she said and lowered her head again． “No．You did your best．” “But I failed．” “Nobody can avoid failure．I believe failure is as important to you as success．Failure belongs to the past，and victory is the future．”The stewardess' voice came gentle but firm． Hearing these words，the girl raised her head．The stewardess held out her hands from behind her back with a large bouquet of colorful flowers，and presented it to the girl．The strong fragrance seemed to turn into a magic，powerful current that went through her body．She was moved to tears．Flowers are usually given to victorious heroes．Why to the disgraced loser? 4．What does the underlined word “pestering” mean in paragraph 1? A．Greeting．　　　　 B．Annoying． C．Inquiring． D．Concerning． 5．According to the passage，what contributed to her winning medals before ? A．She had received many smiles，flowers and camera flashes． B．She was passionate about walking on the horizontal bar． C．Her mind was free from excessive anxiety about failure． D．She was in good physical condition． 6．What may be her strongest emotion after she failed? A．Ashamed． B．Stressed． C．Miserable． D．Grief-stricken． 7．What is the main message the writer tries to convey? A．Action is worry's worst enemy． B．The winners laugh and the losers weep． C．Excessive pressure will become a burden． D．Success is never final and failure is never fatal． C 篇(限时7分钟) (2024·丽水、湖州、衢州三地市质检)Scientists have solved a puzzle about modern humans，after research showed that a famous skull of a human ancestor found in South Africa is a million years older than experts thought．This discovery has changed what we know of human history． The skull，which scientists have named“Mrs．Ples”，is from an ape-like human relative from a species called Australopithecus africanus．It was found near Johannesburg in 1947 and，based on evidence from its surroundings，it was thought to be between 2.1 and 2.6 million years old．This puzzled scientists，because although Mrs．Ples looks like a possible early ancestor of early humans，the first true humans had already evolved by the time she apparently lived．For this reason，scientists decided that，Australopithecus afarensis，a similar species from Eastern Africa that lived about 3.85 and 2.95 million years ago，was our most likely ancestor instead． To get a more accurate age of Mrs．Ples，a team led by Professor Darryl Granger of Purdue University in Indiana，used a new method to date the sandy rocks where the skull lay．They measured the amount of certain chemicals in rocks，which form at a steady rate when they are exposed to cosmic rays(宇宙射线)on Earth's surface．Once rocks are buried，these chemicals stop forming and slowly disappear；the surviving amount reveals how much time has passed since the rocks(or bones)were on the surface． The new study shows that Mrs．Ples and other australopithecine bones nearby are between 3.4 and 3.7 million years old．This means they lived at the same time as their Eastern African relatives，so either group could have given rise to modern humans．However，team member Dr Laurent Bruxelles pointed out that over millions of years，at only 2，500 miles away，these groups had plenty of time to travel and to breed with each other．In other words，the groups could quite easily have met，had children together and both been part of the history of modern humans． 8．What can we learn about Mrs．Ples from the first two paragraphs? A．It is a skull found in Eastern Africa． B．It is the most possible ancestor of humans． C．It is a million years older than scientists expected． D．It is proved to live between 2.1 and 2.6 million years ago． 9．How did scientists get the accurate age of Mrs．Ples? A．By studying the effect of cosmic rays． B．By calculating the forming rate of chemicals． C．By locating the sandy rocks where the skull lay． D．By measuring the surviving amount of chemicals． 10．What can we infer from the new study? A．Modern humans came into being in Eastern Africa． B．Mrs．Ples travelled and had children with Eastern African relatives． C．The history of modern humans might begin 3.85 million years ago． D．Ape-like species from Africa could have interacted with each other． 11．Which of the following can be the best title of the passage? A．A Puzzle Unsolved B．Ancestor Mystery Solved C．Mrs．Ples：The Earliest Human Being D．Mrs．Ples：A Famous Skull Ⅱ．完形填空(限时12分钟) (2024·嘉兴市基础测试)Our savings ran out and we were going to lose our house．We had to move into Grandpa's house，which had been old and beyond 1 when Grandpa Mac was living．Now that the place had been 2 for more than five years，it became much worse． The roof seemed to leak 3 ．Hundreds of thousands of footsteps had 4 the finish(末道漆)off the hardwood floors．One of the doors on the kitchen cupboards was broken and it 5 open forever．Worst of all，the white paint on the walls was beginning to fall but there was 6 nothing we could do about that． Joe and I both tried to be 7 around Kelly as we packed to move．She was only three．As long as we didn't give her the wrong 8 she wouldn't notice the poor condition of her new home． One evening，I walked out into the backyard to 9 the heavy heat in the house． 10 there wasn't any air conditioning．Kelly was busy 11 the dandelions(蒲公英)in the yard．She smiled when she saw me and ran over to give me a bright yellow bunch．“We have 12 in the yard，Mommy．Most people just have grass，”she said．“We also have pretty butterflies．This must be the 13 place in the whole world to live．” I suddenly 14 things were not that bad．A three-year-old taught me how to see something to be 15 for in our new home． 1．A．control　　　　 B．repair C．recognition D．comparison 2．A．empty B．noisy C．secret D．busy 3．A．for no reason B．in every respect C．on no account D．at any moment 4．A．worn B．kept C．cut D．cleared 5．A．proved B．felt C．grew D．stood 6．A．hardly B．simply C．suddenly D．occasionally 7．A．brave B．friendly C．energetic D．cheerful 8．A．warning B．answer C．message D．lesson 9．A．escape B．defeat C．release D．absorb 10．A．Probably B．Accidentally C．Naturally D．Consequently 11．A．planting B．picking C．watering D．observing 12．A．flowers B．insects C．seats D．trees 13．A．quietest B．safest C．nicest D．cleanest 14．A．confirmed B．declared C．recalled D．realized 15．A．eager B．grateful C．concerned D．responsible Ⅲ．应用文写作(限时13分钟) 假定你是李华，你的新西兰笔友 Eric 在发给你的邮件中说他所在的学校开设了汉字书法课(Chinese calligraphy classes)。请给他回封邮件，内容包括： 1．谈谈学习汉字书法的好处； 2．期待他的作品。 注意：1．写作词数应为 80左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 Dear Eric， ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ Yours， Li Hua 7 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 课时分层作业(九) Ⅰ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一场现代艺术展览的相关信息。 1．B　[细节理解题。根据文章的标题“After Impressionism：Inventing Modern Art 25 March－13 August 2023”可知，这场展览的主题是现代艺术。故选B项。] 2．C　[细节理解题。根据Standard admission部分中的“From ￡26 Saturday and Sunday”可知，一对没有会员资格的夫妇在周末参观这场展览需要支付(2×￡26＝)￡52。故选C项。] 3．B　[文章出处题。根据文章的标题“After Impressionism：Inventing Modern Art 25 March－13 August 2023”和下文的内容可知，本文介绍了一场现代艺术展览的一些相关信息，所以文章可能出自旅游指南。故选B项。] 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个运动员既有成功，又有失败的故事，作者旨在告诉读者：没有人能避免失败，失败和成功同样重要。只有正视今天的失败，才能拥抱明天的胜利。 4．B　[词义猜测题。根据语境可知，她胜利归来，受到热烈欢迎，许多人向她伸出手来，许多相机对着她，一个戴眼镜的记者一直缠着她问：你最喜欢什么？，故B项正确。] 5．C　[推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The more she won ...mental strain easily．”和第二段第一句可推知，她之前赢得奖牌的原因是她在思想上没有对失败的过度焦虑，故选C项。] 6．A　[推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Afterwards in order ...behind the team．”以及第四段中的“she said and lowered her head again”可推知，失败后，她最强烈的情感是羞愧。故选A项。] 7．D　[推理判断题。通读全文尤其是最后两段可知，本文通过一个运动员既有成功又有失败的故事表达了鲜花可以送英雄，但失败者也值得被尊重，即没有最终的成功，也没有致命的失败的道理。] 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。在南非发现的一个人类祖先的头盖骨，改变了人们对人类历史的认知。文章介绍了相关时间测算的技术问题，并介绍了不同人对新研究结果的不同看法等。 8．C　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Scientists have solved ...than experts thought．”可知，在南非发现的一个人类祖先的著名头盖骨的时间比专家们认为的要早100万年。] 9．D　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“They measured the ...were on the surface．”可知，科学家们通过测量岩石中特定化学物质的含量来判断Mrs．Ples的年龄：岩石暴露在地表时，这些化学物质便以稳定的速度形成，一旦被掩埋，则会停止形成并慢慢消失。故选D。] 10．D　[推理判断题。根据尾段，尤其是尾段最后两句可知，在数百万年的时间里，在仅仅2 500英里之外的地方，这些群体有足够的时间远行并彼此繁衍；即这些群体可能很容易相遇、一起生儿育女。据此可以推知，来自非洲的类猿物种可能互相交流、繁衍了。] 11．B　[标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文第一段中的“Scientists have solved a puzzle about modern humans”为全文的主旨句，指出“科学家们已解开了关于现代人的祖先之谜”；接着全文围绕此主题句展开，介绍了Mrs．Ples的头盖骨的发现以及使用的预测年龄的方法等。故B项最适合作为文章的标题。] Ⅱ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。由于存款用完，作者一家不得不搬到破旧不堪的老房子居住，但三岁大的女儿发现了新居的美，这使作者意识到自己的现状并没有那么糟糕，自己的新家也有值得感激的地方。 1．B　[根据前面的“which had been old”可知，该空应填repair。短语beyond repair指无法修复。] 2．A　[根据前文“在祖父居住的时候房子已经老化而且年久失修”可推断：房子现在是空的。] 3．D　[前文提到房子年久失修，根据常识可知屋顶看似会随时漏雨。at any moment为固定短语，意为“随时”。] 4．A　[此处指老房子的硬木地板也因为被踩的次数太多而掉了末道漆，wear表示“磨出(洞)，磨损，消耗，用旧”。] 5．D　[根据该句话中的“broken”和“open forever”并结合语境可知，该空应填stood，指厨房橱柜上的一扇门坏了而永远开着。stand在此为系动词，后接形容词open作表语。] 6．B　[此处指墙上的白漆开始脱落，但我们对此“确实无能为力”。simply“确实；仅仅，只，不过”。] 7．D　[前文提到作者和丈夫的存款用光了，不得不搬到破烂不堪的老房子里居住，他们的心情会很糟糕，由该句话中的tried to可知，作者夫妇在孩子面前尽力表现得高兴(cheerful)。故选D。] 8．C　[作者夫妇不想影响仅仅三岁大的女儿的心情，他们不想将这一糟糕的信息传递给女儿，故C项message符合语境。] 9．A　[根据常识可知，作者走出房子到后院是为了躲避屋子里的酷热，A项escape“(从不愉快或危险处境中)逃脱，逃避”符合语境。] 10．C　[因为是多年没住人的老房子，没有空调是自然的。naturally意为“自然地，当然地”。] 11．B　[根据下文中的“give me a bright yellow bunch”可知，女儿此刻正在院子里采摘蒲公英，pick“采，摘”符合语境。] 12．A　[根据常识并结合下文女儿所说的话“Most people just have grass”可知，此处是指院子里有花。] 13．C　[在三岁大的女儿看来，院子里有花有蝴蝶，这是世界上最好的居住之地，故选C。] 14．D　[听了女儿的一番话，作者突然意识到事情不是那么糟糕，realize“意识到”。] 15．B　[根据上文可知，此处指三岁大的女儿教会了作者如何在自己的新家看到值得感激的东西。grateful“感激的”符合语境。] Ⅲ．【参考范文】 Dear Eric， I'm glad to hear that your school has offered Chinese calligraphy classes． As one of the most important parts of Chinese culture，Chinese calligraphy helps people better learn about Chinese history and culture．Besides，learning Chinese calligraphy can improve people's mood and lead to a healthy life．Therefore，more and more people worldwide are becoming interested in this unique Chinese art form．I believe you will soon fall in love with it． Wish you great progress and I'm looking forward to seeing your excellent calligraphy works! Yours， Li Hua 4 / 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$