第1部分 必修第1册 Unit 4 NATURAL DISASTERS-【名师导航】2025年高考英语一轮总复习讲义（人教版）

　　　NATURAL DISASTERS 续写语料积累 背诵·句之美 欣赏·语之秀 1．(心理描写)(2024·石家庄质量检测)A sense of guilt seized him and he stood there，frozen． 2．(行为描写)(2024·潍坊统一考试)We fought，debated and cried，making much noise． 3．(人物描写)(2024·威海市模拟)Everyone described him as energetic，warm-hearted and self-disciplined when he graduated． (2024·湖南高三联考)The next day，when I went to the hospital to see the boy，all his family got up，with grateful smiles on their faces．In excitement，they held my hands，with a lump in their throats．Feeling their sincere gratitude，I was overwhelmed with a rush of pride． 核心单词 语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空) 1．______ n．洪水；大量 vi．淹没；大量涌入 vt．使灌满水；淹没 2．_______ n．& vt．营救；救援 3．_______ vt．损害；破坏 n．损坏；损失 4．________ vt．摧毁；毁灭 5．________ n．避难处；居所；庇护 vt．保护；掩蔽 vi．躲避(风雨或危险) 6．_____ vt．使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n．险境；陷阱 7．_______ n．供应(量)；补给；[pl．]补给品 vt．供应；供给 8．______ vi．&vt．(使)滑行；滑动 9．_______ n．智慧；才智 10．______ vt．&vi．碰撞；撞击 n．撞车；碰撞 11．________ n．火山 12．__________ n．(尤指西大西洋的)飓风 1．These _________________________ (volcano) were so explosive that they burst open in a single big crack，leaving behind a vast hole． 2．The survivors who are waiting ______________(rescue) are faced with a shortage of drinking water，food and medicine． 3．When we visited my old family home，memories came _________(flood) back． 4．The natural environment is very difficult to recover once __________ (destroy)． 5．The ____________(hurricane) effects are expected to last for days，with heavy rainfall through next week． 6．They spent the whole day trying to find something to eat and somewhere ______ _____(shelter) from the freezing cold． 7．He cares about poor families and often _________(supply) them with food and clothing． 8．Pregnant women who are heavy drinkers risk _________(damage) the unborn babies． 派生单词 语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空) 1．erupt vi．& vt．(火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出→_________ n．爆发；喷发 2．electric adj．用电的；电动的；带电的→___________ adj．电的；与电有关的→____________ n．电；电能 3．breath n．呼吸；气息→________ vi．& vt．呼吸→___________ adj．气喘吁吁的；喘不过气的 4．deliver vt．& vi．递送；传达 vt．发表→_________ n．传递；交付；递送 5．long adj．长的；冗长的→_______ n．长；长度→_________ v．加长；延长 1．Smoke and ash from the _________ volcano immediately showered down on the town after its _________．(erupt) 2．The ____________ suddenly went out in that town because of an ___________ fault．It took several hours for the ______ power supply system to recover． (electric) 3．I climbed up the mountain to ________ the fresh air．I became ___________ when I was on the top，but the _______ of fresh air was worth it．(breath) 4．If you pay in advance，the goods will _____________ without delay，and the _________ is free of charge．(deliver) 5．The road has a total _______ of two miles only，so the workers have decided to _________ it．(long) 高频短语 语境运用(选用左栏短语的适当形式填空) 1．_________严重受损；破败不堪 2．_________震惊；吃惊 3．________________ 露天；在户外 4．________现有(尤指帮助) 5．___________消灭；彻底消除 6．___________是……的家园/栖息地/所在地 7．_______________结束；告终 1．He took care of the spring every day，and ___________ all the leaves and other things that would make the water dirty． 2．At that time we used to sleep out under the stars，and eat our meals ________________． 3．This country was once proud of its education system but now it seems to be _________． 4．I am absolutely _________ after hearing about the accident that happened to one of my friends． 5．Our team of experts will be ________ to offer help and advice between 12 noon and 7 p.m．daily． 原句结构辨识 写作佳句背诵 1．too...to...结构 Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat，and dogs refused to go inside buildings． 尽管我很崇拜他，但他发明的这东西太令人难以置信了。 Though I admired him，what he invented was something ____________ ______________．(续写之情感描写) 2．形容词后的不定式主动形式表达被动意义 Water，food，and electricity were hard to get． 早晨的空气中弥漫着花的芳香，呼吸起来很清新。 The morning air，full of the fragrance of flowers，was _________________． (续写之景物描写) 1．affect vt．影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动 ①(2022·浙江1月卷)I felt so helpless and insecure because the quality of my life _____________(affect)． ②(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)But like anyone for whom you feel __________(affect)，customers can also drive you mad． ③Welch examined the sick boy and knew he had diphtheria，a deadly disease mainly __________(affect) children． (普通表达)Many people were deeply affected by his story and began to do voluntary work for the disabled． (高级表达)________________ by his story，many people began to do voluntary work for the disabled．(用过去分词短语作状语) ◎be deeply/greatly affected by...被……深深地打动 ◎be affected with...感染……疾病 ◎affection n．喜爱；[pl．]爱情 ◎affection for...对……的喜爱或钟爱 ◎make a decision which affects our lives 做出影响我们生活的决定 ◎be affected with a high fever发高烧 ◎have a great affection for Peking Opera很喜欢京剧 2．ruin [课本义]n．& vt．破坏；毁坏　[增补义]n．破产；废墟 vt．使破产 ①(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)If you do，you won't be able to handle it and the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that ______(ruin) everyone's day． ②When they returned to Rockaway the next day，they found their neighbourhood ___ ruins after a terrible hurricane． ③Does Kilimanjaro deserve its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ________(ruin) the atmosphere of peace? 令我震惊的是，这个曾经迷人的村庄已成废墟，面目全非。 What shocked me was that this once charming village ___________________ _____________________________． ◎be /lie in ruins成为废墟 ◎fall into ruin毁灭；灭亡；崩溃 ◎be reduced to ruins沦为废墟 ◎ruin sth/sb毁坏某物/毁掉某人 ◎be ruined by...被……毁坏/破坏 ◎pay a visit to the ruins of the ancient city游览古城遗迹 ◎build a new life out of the ruins of his career他事业失败后重新开始新的生活 ◎ruin his chances of getting the job断送他获得此工作的机会 3．bury vt．[课本义]埋葬；安葬　[增补义]使专心；使沉浸；隐藏 ①He stood on the sidewalk，his hands _______(bury) in the pockets． ②She began to sob again，________(bury) her face in the pillow． ③Though the idea may be dead，it is far from _____________(bury)． 醒来后，吉姆发现自己躺在一片沙滩上，脸半埋在沙子里。 Upon waking up，Jim found himself lying on a stretch of sandy shore _______________________________________． ◎bury...in...把……埋到……里；使……沉浸于…… ◎bury oneself in/be buried in (doing) sth埋头于或专心于(做)某事 ◎apply oneself to/devote oneself to/absorb oneself in(doing) sth专心于(做)某事 ◎bury her face in her hands她双手掩面 ◎get buried under a pile of papers被压在一堆文件下面 ◎learn to bury your feelings学会隐藏你的感情 4．suffer [课本义]vt．遭受；蒙受 vi．(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦　[增补义]vi．变差；变糟 ①(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷改)The project is also being used to help patients __________(suffer) dementia，a serious illness of the mind． ②(2020·江苏卷)Later，he worked in Africa，where many people suffered _____ blindness for lack of proper treatment． ③(2022·浙江1月卷)Ms．Burdeyney talked to some friends who had similar problems and discovered that they were largely __________(suffer) in silence． 他并不介意挨饿，但缺水给他带来了极大的痛苦，令他越发愤怒。 He did not mind being hungry，but ______________________________________ __________ and made his anger even stronger． ◎suffer sth遭受(痛苦；失败；损失等)；患……病 ◎suffer from...遭受……折磨；患……病 ◎suffering n．(肉体或内心的)痛苦；苦难；折磨 ◎suffer loss of memory after an accident事故后失去记忆 ◎suffer from separation from their parents遭受与父母分离的痛苦 ◎turn a blind eye to the suffering of the children对孩子们的痛苦视而不见 5．survive [课本义]vi．生存；存活 vt．幸存；艰难度过　[增补义]vt．比……活得长 ①Baptiste is biking across Europe，surviving entirely ___ thrown-away food． ②(2021·全国甲卷)The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that _____________(survive) China's long history． ③(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Hunters willingly pay the stamp price to ensure the _________(survive) of our natural resources． 生活不在于如何从暴风雨中幸存，而是学会在雨中起舞。 Life isn't about _________________________;it's about learning to dance in the rain． ◎survive sth幸免于；从……中挺过来 ◎survive from...从……中存活/流传下来 ◎survive on sth依靠……生存下来 ◎survivor n．幸存者 ◎survival n．[U]幸存；[C]残存物 ◎manage to survive the crisis设法度过这次危机 ◎China's oldest surviving traditional theatre中国现存最古老的传统剧院 ◎survive her husband by ten years比她丈夫多活十年 6．strike [课本义]vi．& vt．侵袭；突击；击打 n．罢工；罢课；袭击　[增补义]v．敲；(使)突然想起 ①(2020·北京卷)But Smith ___________(strike) mainly by the fact that she didn't truly grasp any of the skills the author described． ②These effects of the Internet have become even more _________(strike) since I began using a smartphone． ③What strikes me ___ interesting is how much we judge other people by the clothes they wear． (普通表达)I suddenly remembered that playing against the other team was a great learning moment． (高级表达)It __________________________ that playing against the other team was a great learning moment． ◎be struck by ...被……打动；迷恋…… ◎strike sb as...让某人觉得…… ◎It strikes sb that...某人突然想到…… ◎be on strike在罢工 ◎go on strike举行罢工 ◎striking adj．惊人的；引人注目的；显著的 ◎strike a deal with a group of companies与众多的公司达成协议 ◎strike a balance between work and rest做到劳逸结合 ◎strike me as very strange让我觉得很奇怪；令我难以置信 7．[教材原句]The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday，killing more than 6，500 people in Indonesia，India，Thailand，Malaysia，and at least four other countries．昨天，40年来最强烈的地震引发的海啸袭击了整个亚洲的海岸线，造成印度尼西亚、印度、泰国、马来西亚和至少四个其他国家6 500多人死亡。 ①(2021·全国甲卷)Once，when trying a certain trick on the beam，I fell onto the stones，_________(damage) a nerve in my hand． ②(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing populations，greatly _________(reduce) waterfowl habitat． ③(2022·全国乙卷)Some mornings，Rosamond and Dorothy would arrive at the schoolhouse ________(find) the children weeping from the cold． 通往道森的小路上覆盖着30英尺厚的湿雪，一场雪崩一度将小路封闭，造成63人死亡。 The path to Dawson was covered with thirty feet of wet snow and a snowslide __________________________________________． 动词-ing形式短语可以在句中作结果状语，一般表示必然的、自然而然的结果。另外，动词不定式，特别是only to do...形式也可作结果状语，但一般表示意想不到的结果。 There is nothing worse than trying to relax and eat a special meal only to find clouds of cigarette smoke drifting over you．本打算轻松一下，吃上一顿特别的饭菜，结果却发现周围烟雾缭绕，没有什么比这更糟糕了。 8．[教材原句]Thousands of people are still missing，and the number of deaths is expected to grow even higher over the next few days．目前仍有数千人失踪，预计未来几天死亡人数还会增加。 ①(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)In India，particularly outside cities，young women _____________(expect) to move in with their husband's family when they get married． ②(2022·全国乙卷改)At present the sugar tax is expected ____________(generate) ￡240m for the year ending in April 2019，which will go to school sports． (普通表达)Before starting their programme，students should take a language test． (高级表达)Before starting their programme，students _________________________ take a language test． be expected to do...可作“预计做……；被期待做……”解，也可作“应该做……；必须做……”解，表示一种要求或规定，此时与be supposed to do...意思接近。 Those who want to participate in the hike are expected to wear school uniforms and gather at the school gate before 8 o'clock．想参加徒步的人都要穿校服，8点前在校门口集合。 Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空。 1．The only _________(survive) from the plane crash could do nothing but wait for rescue on an island． 2．With so many miners _______(bury) under the mine，none of the rescue workers would stop to have a rest． 3．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Later，our jaws changed to an overbite structure，_______(make) it easier to produce such sounds． 4．He experienced severe financial hardship when his family business ___________(ruin) in the Great Depression of the early 1930s． 5．They concluded that she must be one of those one-hit wonders that spring up from time to time，only _____________(disappear) again without signs． 6．As for the USA，it is almost unique among developed nations in having a population _________(expect) to grow by 20% from 2010—2030． Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词。 1．Carmen's affection ____ her sister was plainly too great to permit a painless departure． 2．This combination of healing myself and healing the world struck me ___ the perfect solution． 3．___ suddenly struck me that I had left my luggage at the airport when I arrived home． 4．The 65-year-old Steve Goodwin was found suffering _____ early Alzheimer's and losing his memory． Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空。 1．At 3:42 a.m．one of the most deadly earthquakes began eleven kilometres _________(direct) below the city． 2．In less than one minute after the earthquake happened，the large city ____(lie) in ruins． 3．The army sent 150，000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those ________(trap) and to bury the dead． 4．He has reported the _________(shock) findings to the government in an attempt to emphasise that babies are at higher risk of developing the disease． Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词。 1．At about 3 a.m．___ 28 July 1976，bright lights were seen in the sky outside the city of Tangshan． 2．I climbed and climbed，and there was nothing ____ just green bushes and these mysterious steps． 3．Soon after the quake，workers built shelters for survivors ______ homes had been destroyed． 4．Humour raises your energy，and that can have an effect ___ everything you do in your personal life． Ⅰ．熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思) 1．(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)They talk to the flood of international tourists and to visiting Chinese zoo-keepers who often come to check on the pandas，which are on loan from China． __ A．洪水；水灾 　　　　　B．泛滥；淹没　　　　 　C．大批；大量 2．(2022·全国乙卷)The sweep of the land and the stoicism(坚忍)of the people move her to some beautiful writing． __ A．清扫；打扫 B．绵延弯曲的地带 C．在比赛中大获全胜 3．(2019·全国Ⅰ卷)The likables' plays-well-with-others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships，jump-start interpersonal skills and，when tapped early，are employed ever after in life and work． __ A．开发；发掘 　　 　　B．轻敲；轻拍 　　　C．水龙头 Ⅱ．长难语句(分析句子的结构并翻译成汉语) 1．(2021·天津卷)We need people who can work at our warehouse sorting and packing items to be delivered to families，repair donated furniture and more． 本句是一个复合句，可简化为：We need people who can work...，repair...furniture and more。句中的who引导_____从句，从句的谓语是can work，repair...and more，而sorting and packing...是动词-ing形式短语作动词work的_____状语，to be delivered to families是动词不定式的被动形式作定语，修饰______。 [尝试翻译]__________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 2．(2020·北京卷)For example，researchers have found that in the case of a crisis accompanied by strong emotions，such as a natural disaster，positive thinking can provide a sort of buffer against depression and anxiety． 本句是一个复合句，可简化为：...，researchers have found that...，positive thinking can provide...buffer...。句中的that引导_____从句，前面的介词短语in the case of...作条件状语，其中，accompanied by...是过去分词短语作_____，修饰crisis。 [尝试翻译]__________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ A terrible earthquake struck this area last week，1．______ shocked the whole country．Great damage was done to river dams，coal mines and railway tracks．Numerous houses 2．_______________(destroy)，many streets became cracked and a few gas 3．______(pipe) burst．It seemed as if the world were at 4．___ end．The local government responded 5．________(quick) to this disaster, sending many soldiers and workers for rescue operations．People 6．________(trap) under the ruins were safely dug out and the injured 7．_____(be) sincerely cared for．Shelter，food and fresh water were provided to the survivors．Volunteers from all walks of life did everything 8．__________ their power to help the towns and villages to revive．This disaster also attracted worldwide attention，thus 9．_________(reduce) the loss to a minimum．With unified efforts of all，it didn't take long before this area began to 10．________(breath) again． Step 1．单句写作(利用本单元知识补全所给英文句子) ①持续的强降雨导致河北省北部发生了严重洪灾。 _________________________________________________ in the northern part of Hebei Province． ②这导致房屋倒塌，管道爆裂，电力中断。 This resulted in _______________________________________________________． ③洪水影响了方圆数英里的人们，许多人被困其中，感到绝望。 __________________________ for miles around, _________________________, feeling desperate． ④没过多久，士兵和志愿者就赶来救援。 It didn't take long before _____________________________________________． ⑤食品和饮用水等物资也通过各种车辆迅速运送到受灾地区。 ______________________________________ were also swiftly ______________ _________________________ through various vehicles． ⑥人们的恐慌和绝望被一扫而空，生活开始恢复正常。 People's __________________________________ and life began to return to normal． Step 2．衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Step 1．储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描述的词汇) 用于情感描写的词汇 用于动作描写的词汇 shock; calmness; suffering; flood trap; survive; rescue; aid Step 2．续写练笔(完成下面的续写片段并背诵) 爱丽丝震惊地发现雨下得很大，水涨得很快。当她意识到自己被困在家里时，她的心一下子提到了嗓子眼。她感到极为不安，如坐针毡，消极的想法涌上心头。她能否在洪水中活下来仍不得而知。幸运的是，救援人员前来帮助她，给她带来了很大的希望。镇静立刻取代了她心中不断增长的恐惧和焦虑。遭受了这么多的苦难，爱丽丝再也抑制不住自己的情绪，感激的泪水顺着脸颊不断滚落下来。 ____________________________________________________ and the water was rising quickly．Her heart was in her mouth _________________________ ___________________________．She felt extremely uneasy as if _______________ _____________ and ___________________________________．_______________ _____________________ remained unknown．Fortunately，____________________ ___________，bringing her great hope．____________________________________ __________________________________ in her mind．After __________________，Alice could no longer contain her emotions and _____________________________ _____________________． 2 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 必修第一册　UNIT 4 语基自主检测·目标确立 核心单词 1．flood　2．rescue　3．damage　4．destroy　5．shelter　6．trap　7．supply　8．slide　9．wisdom　10．crash　11．volcano　12．hurricane 语境运用 1．volcanoes/volcanos　2．to be rescued　3．flooding　4．destroyed　5．hurricane's　6．to shelter　7．supplies　8．damaging 派生单词 1．eruption　2．electrical；electricity　3．breathe；breathless　4．delivery　5．length；lengthen 语境运用 1．erupting；eruption　2．electricity；electrical；electric　3．breathe；breathless；breath　4．be delivered；delivery　5．length；lengthen 高频短语 1．in ruins　2．in shock　3．in the open air　4．on hand　5．sweep away　6．be home to　7．come to an end 语境运用 1．swept away　2．in the open air　3．in ruins　4．in shock　5．on hand 写作佳句背诵 1．too impossible to believe　2．fresh to breathe 考点归纳探究·精准讲练 1．①was affected　②affection　③affecting [完美写作]Deeply affected 2．①ruins　②in　③ruining [完美写作]lay in ruins/fell into ruin，beyond recognition 3．①buried　②burying　③being buried [完美写作]with his face half-buried in the sand 4．①suffering　②from　③suffering [完美写作]the lack of water caused him terrible suffering 5．①on　②has survived　③survival [完美写作]how to survive the storm 6．①was struck　②striking　③as [完美写作]occurred to/struck/hit me 7．①damaging　②reducing　③to find [完美写作]once closed the path，killing 63 people 8．①are expected　②to generate [完美写作]are expected/supposed to 三层强基固本·达标训练 层级一 Ⅰ．1．survivor　2．buried　3．making　4．was ruined　5．to disappear　6．expected Ⅱ．1．for　2．as　3．It　4．from 层级二 Ⅰ．1．directly　2．lay　3．trapped　4．shocking Ⅱ．1．on　2．but　3．whose　4．on 层级三 Ⅰ．1．C　2．B　3．A Ⅱ．1．化繁为简：定语　伴随　items 尝试翻译：我们要招聘一些工人，能在我们的仓库里分拣和包装发往家庭的物品，修理捐赠的家具，还能做附加的工作。 2．化繁为简：宾语　定语 尝试翻译：例如，研究人员发现，假如伴随着强烈情绪的危机发生时，例如自然灾害，积极的思维可以提供一种对抗抑郁和焦虑的缓冲。 三维提能培优·进阶训练 维度一 1．which　2．were destroyed　3．pipes　4．an　5．quickly　6．trapped　7．were　8．in/within　9．reducing　10．breathe 维度二 Step 1． ①Continuous heavy rainfall caused severe flooding　②houses collapsing, pipes bursting, and electricity being cut off　③The flood affected people；leaving many trapped in it　④soldiers and volunteers rushed to the rescue　⑤Supplies like food and drinking water；delivered to the flood-stricken areas　⑥panic and despair were swept away Step 2． Continuous heavy rainfall caused severe flooding in the northern part of Hebei Province．This resulted in houses collapsing, pipes bursting, and electricity being cut off．The flood affected people for miles around, leaving many trapped in it, feeling desperate．However, it didn't take long before soldiers and volunteers rushed to the rescue．Supplies like food and drinking water were also swiftly delivered to the flood-stricken areas through various vehicles．Gradually, people's panic and despair were swept away and life began to return to normal． 维度三 Step 2． Alice was shocked to find that the rain was pouring；when she realised that she got trapped in her house；sitting on pins and needles；negative thoughts came flooding in；Whether she could survive the flood；rescue workers came to her aid；A sense of calmness immediately replaced the growing fear and anxiety；so much suffering；tears of gratitude kept trickling down her cheeks 82 / 106 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 课时分层作业(五) Ⅰ．阅读理解 A 篇(限时6分钟) Stay Safe With Sonder As a foreign student arriving in Australia，you may feel both excited and anxious．The prospect of arriving in a new country where you may have no friends or family nearby can be discouraging，particularly the thought of what you would do if you were involved in an accident or fell seriously ill． Sonder Australia aims to lessen that worry by providing an Australia-wide，multilingual rapid response network，available on-demand 24/7 via a mobile app．The Sonder app has the following unique features．When required，Sonder can also work with Murdoch to provide further well-being support． 24/7 help In urgent situations，the Help button automatically sends an alert to the Sonder Support Centre．Sonder immediately geo-locates you，establishing your exact location．You'll get immediate support and，if required，a Liaison Officer will be sent to you for in-person assistance． Check on me If you're meeting someone new or going to an unfamiliar destination，you can set a time for us to contact you regularly to make sure you're OK．You can set a “Check On Me” duration from 30 minutes to over 8 hours and Sonder will use geo-location technology to monitor you． Safety alerts 24/7 Sonder Support Centre monitors minor and major events which could impact your safety．If we detect an incident occurring near your location，we'll give you details and ask you to report it as “safe” or “not safe”．If you report it as “not safe”，we'll take immediate action to ensure you get help． Track my journey The “Track My Journey” app feature helps you reach your destination while we track your progress，to ensure your safety at all times．This is particularly useful when travelling alone，late at night，or in an unfamiliar environment． 1．Who may be the text targeted at in Australia? A．Taxi drivers． B．New settlers． C．International students． D．Travellers from abroad． 2．Which part of the app functions at a set time? A．24/7 help． B．Check on me． C．Safety alerts． D．Track my journey． 3．What technology is used in all the four features? A．Facial recognition． B．Voice interaction． C．Geographical positioning． D．Cross-platform communication． B 篇(限时7分钟) (2024·重庆市质量调研)Thanks to the special period，more people are or have been working from home．Multiple studies and surveys have shown that many would like to carry on doing so，even as the threat from the virus fades．However，new research carried out in the USA suggests that in-person teams tend to perform better in creativity at certain tasks than those working through video conferencing software． The initial study involved 602 participants，who were assigned randomly to pairs．With half the pairs sitting face-to-face in one room，and half using video conferencing software，subjects were asked to come up with novel uses for a product．The researchers found that the in-person teams generated a greater number and wider range of ideas than the virtual teams．But when it came to their ability to pick the “best” idea rated by comparing the creativity scores of the ideas they chose with the scores of those picked by the judges，there was little difference between the two groups． To make sure the study wasn't specific to any given population group，the tests were then conducted again，with 1，490 engineers working for a large company from five other countries．For this second set of tests，participants were asked to come up with new product ideas for their real-life employer．Using a variety of methods，the researchers found that people in the in-person group looked around the room and talked with each other more，whereas those using video conferencing software took it in turns to speak and kept their eyes on the screen．These things negatively connected to idea generation． “This new research was an important first step．But this is a single study and the effects are somewhat small，amounting to a difference in one or two ideas between the groups．How much impact this has would depend on the company itself，”said Dr Jay Olson，who studies ways to measure creativity． 4．What did the new research made in America show? A．A relaxing environment leads to great ideas． B．Video conferencing makes creativity likely happen． C．Home-working surroundings bring about creativity． D．Interaction in-person better contributes to novel ideas． 5．In what way did the two groups tested in the initial study reveal little difference? A．The ability to pick the best ideas． B．The methods to tell the best ideas． C．The number of best ideas produced． D．The scores obtained in creating ideas． 6．Why was the research conducted again? A．To make the test more convincing． B．To engage more people in the study． C．To arouse the creativity of the subjects． D．To classify the participants of the study． 7．What did Dr Jay Olson suggest? A．Conducting more research． B．Treating the effects critically． C．Making full use of the findings． D．Clarifying the results of the study． C 篇(限时7分钟) (2024·青岛市适应性测试)Imagine a plate holding two strawberries, identical in appearance．One came out of a supermarket box, meaning it was probably harvested when it was still unripe．By the time it reached the plate it may have been off the vine (藤) for two weeks．The other strawberry was picked from a garden minutes before being eaten． Supermarket strawberries are not entirely without advantages: They are convenient and still available even in winter months．But the two berries differ from each other in the same way that hearing music in a concert hall differs from listening to it on an old CD player．The home-grown fruit is an eatable case for making a home garden． Your columnist, who long considered gardening a complete waste of time, advances this argument with great enthusiasm．Planting cool-weather greens, as gardeners across the northeast of America are now doing, can seem nonsense, since convenient, continuously well-stocked supermarket shelves are available all week．But the same could be said of cooking: There are many cheap and decent restaurants around, so why bother to make your own meals? That attitude misconstrues the ultimate appeal of gardening: It mistakes the product for the purpose．It is true that a garden can produce tomatoes and carrots of incomparable sweetness, and celtuce (莴苣) and herbs that taste like themselves rather than the plastic they are usually packaged in．While finding, let's say, celtuce in the shops can take some time and effort, growing your own vegetables insures a reliable supply． On the other hand, a garden, especially in the early years, can produce little but frustration．Green hands may plant the wrong crops for their soil．And even expert gardeners can lose a season's harvest to uncooperative weather． No matter．The real joy of gardening is the time spent doing it．The deepest pleasure — as with cooking, writing or almost anything worthwhile — is in the work itself．To garden is to patiently, lovingly and diligently help life become strong and healthy, in the ground and above it． 8．What can we know about the supermarket strawberries? A．They look distinct from home-grown ones． B．They give out a pleasant and fresh smell． C．They are picked days before fully grown． D．They are planted typically in winter． 9．What does the underlined word “misconstrues” mean in paragraph 4? A．Misinterprets．　　　　 B．Transforms． C．Mistrusts． D．Highlights． 10．Why does the author mention the failures in gardening? A．To warn readers not to take up gardening easily． B．To advise readers to work in harmony with nature． C．To make readers reflect on the methods of gardening． D．To help readers have a whole picture of gardening． 11．What is the author's opinion on gardening? A．It's a difficult and time-consuming process． B．Products of gardening make it worthwhile． C．The time and efforts invested make it a delight． D．It reduces the cost of purchasing vegetables． Ⅱ．完形填空(限时12分钟) (2024·石家庄市质检)Jonathan Jones, 12, was overcome with emotion after his principal, who is also color blind, let him 1 his unique glasses during the science class last week． As soon as Jones put the glasses on, he appeared to be immediately 2 ．He initially smiled and laughed, but he 3 moments later．He then walked around the classroom excitedly， 4 the vivid colors around him． “I was feeling joy that I could 5 see all this color．And a little bit of 6 that I couldn't see color my whole life，” Jones said． The boy's mother posted a(n) 7 of Jones seeing color for the first time online and started a GoFundMe campaign to buy a pair of the unique glasses for Jones, which reportedly cost $350．However, so many people were 8 by Jones's story, and the campaign actually ended up 9 more than $25，000． She wrote, “After posting the video, we've been touched by how many 10 people have wanted to help him．We've had 11 pairs donated to Jones and will use 100% of donated funds to purchase color blind glasses for those who can't 12 them．” “The glasses company will 13 every pair we purchase with a free pair, which doubles the number of people we can 14 ，” she continued． For Jones, with the new glasses comes a new 15 of the world．He said his favorite color is blue and that he's excited to visit the Caribbean this winter so he can see the ocean in all its glory． 1．A．borrow　　　　 B．polish C．remove D．adjust 2．A．disappointed B．annoyed C．surprised D．embarrassed 3．A．calmed down B．broke down C．cheered up D．woke up 4．A．mixing B．painting C．changing D．exploring 5．A．finally B．rarely C．constantly D．occasionally 6．A．tension B．sadness C．relief D．shame 7．A．picture B．article C．video D．introduction 8．A．moved B．shocked C．confused D．entertained 9．A．loaning B．costing C．saving D．collecting 10．A．wealthy B．generous C．competent D．ambitious 11．A．limited B．cheap C．multiple D．fashionable 12．A．find B．produce C．fix D．afford 13．A．match B．equip C．replace D．compare 14．A．treat B．instruct C．help D．accompany 15．A．future B．view C．situation D．record Ⅲ．应用文写作(限时13分钟) 你校英语报举办以“A Dish for My Family”为题的短文竞赛。请你写一篇短文参赛，内容包括： 1．做菜的原因； 2．菜品介绍。 注意：1．写作词数应为80左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 A Dish for My Family ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 8 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 课时分层作业(五) Ⅰ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一款应用程序——Sonder Australia，这款应用程序可以给刚到澳大利亚的留学生提供帮助。 1．C　[推理判断题。根据第一段中的“As a foreign student arriving in Australia，you may feel both excited and anxious．”可推断出，这篇文章可能针对的是国际学生。故选C。] 2．B　[细节理解题。根据Check on me部分中的“If you're meeting someone new or going to an unfamiliar destination，you can set a time for us to contact you regularly to make sure you're OK．”可知，这款应用程序的 Check on me 部分有设定时间的功能。故选B。] 3．C　[细节理解题。根据24/7 help部分中的“Sonder immediately geo-locates you，establishing your exact location．”，Check on me部分中的“...Sonder will use geo-location technology to monitor you．”，Safety alerts部分中的“If we detect an incident occurring near your location...”和Track my journey部分中的“The ‘Track My Journey’ app feature helps you reach your destination while we track your progress，to ensure your safety at all times．”可知，这四个特性都使用了地理定位技术。故选C。] 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在美国开展的一项新研究表明，面对面的团队在某些任务上的创造力往往比通过视频会议软件工作的团队表现得更好。 4．D　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“However，new research carried out ...working through video conferencing software．”可知，在美国开展的一项新研究表明，面对面的团队在某些任务上的创造力往往比通过视频会议工作的团队表现得更好，即面对面的互动更有助于产生新颖的想法。故选D。] 5．A　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But when it came to their ability to pick the‘best’ idea rated... there was little difference between the two groups．”可知，当涉及他们选择“最佳”创意的能力时，两组人之间几乎没有差异。故选A。] 6．A　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“To make sure the study wasn't specific to any given population group...a large company from five other countries．”可知，为了确保这项研究不是针对任何特定人群的，研究人员再次进行研究，对来自其他五个国家的一家大公司的1 490名工程师进行了测试，即为了使测试结果更令人信服，研究人员再次进行了测试。故选A。] 7．B　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中Jay Olson博士的话“But this is a single study and the effects are somewhat small...this has would depend on the company itself”可知，Jay Olson博士建议批判性地看待面对面会议的影响。] 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。文章以超市里的草莓和自家种的草莓为例，论述了自己对从事园艺的看法。 8．C　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“One came out of a supermarket box, meaning it was probably harvested when it was still unripe．By the time it reached the plate it may have been off the vine for two weeks．”可知，超市里的草莓是在完全成熟前几天采摘的。故选C项。] 9．A　[词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“the ultimate appeal of gardening：It mistakes the product for the purpose”可知，这种态度错误地把产品当成了目的，即这种态度误解了园艺的最终吸引力。故画线词义为“误解”。故选A项。] 10．D　[推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Green hands may plant the wrong crops for their soil．And even expert gardeners can lose a season's harvest to uncooperative weather．”可知，新手可能种植不适合自己的土地的作物；即使是专业的园丁也会因为天气不佳而失去一季的收成。由此可推知，作者提到园艺上的失败是为了帮助读者对园艺有一个全面的了解。故选D项。] 11．C　[细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The real joy of gardening is the time spent doing it．”和“To garden is to patiently, lovingly and diligently help life become strong and healthy...”可知，园艺的真正乐趣在于花时间去做这件事，园艺就是耐心地、充满爱心地和勤奋地帮助生命变得强壮和健康。由此可知，作者认为园艺投入的时间和精力使之成为一种乐趣。故选C项。] Ⅱ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述色盲患者Jones因戴上校长的特殊眼镜而看到了周围五颜六色的景色并兴奋不已。Jones的妈妈在网上发布了Jones第一次看到五彩缤纷的颜色的视频并募集资金为Jones买特殊眼镜，但捐款远远超出了预期，所以Jones的妈妈决定资助其他色盲孩子并得到了眼镜公司的买一送一服务。 1．A　[根据空前的“who is also color blind”可知，Jones的校长也是色盲患者。根据后文的“his unique glasses” “Jones put the glasses on”可知，Jones戴上了校长的眼镜。由此可知，校长让Jones借用自己的眼镜，故选A。] 2．C　[根据空后的“smiled and laughed”以及“walked around the classroom excitedly”可知，Jones戴上眼镜后感到惊讶，故选C。] 3．B　[该句中的but是解题的关键，上文提到Jones戴上眼镜后很惊讶，激动地大笑。根据but可知，该空表达的语境应与上文相反，选项B符合语境。] 4．D　[根据空后的“the vivid colors around him”和常识可知，Jones患有色盲，在戴上校长的特殊眼镜后，他可以看见以前没有见过的鲜艳的色彩，此处应该是他探索着周围鲜艳的色彩，故选D。] 5．A　[该句指Jones感到非常高兴，因为他终于能看到五彩缤纷的颜色了，故选A。] 6．B　[根据后文的“that I couldn't see color my whole life”可知，Jones一生还没能看过五彩缤纷的颜色，所以有点难过，故选B。] 7．C　[根据后文的“After posting the video”可知，此处是指Jones的妈妈在网上发布了一段Jones第一次看到五彩缤纷的颜色的视频，故选C。] 8．A　[Jones的妈妈发起活动的目的是给儿子筹钱买一副价值350美元的眼镜，但最终筹集了两万五千多美元。由此可知，此处指很多人都被Jones的故事感动了，故选A。] 9．D　[Jones的妈妈在网上发起募捐活动，所以此处是指最终实际筹集资金两万五千多美元，故选D。] 10．B　[根据常识可知，给Jones捐款的这些人应是慷慨之人，故选B。] 11．C　[由于好心人的慷慨相助，Jones得到了多副色盲眼镜，故选C。] 12．D　[根据上文的“will use 100%...glasses for those”和常识可知，此处指Jones的妈妈将用所有的捐款为那些买不起眼镜的色盲患者购买眼镜，故选D。] 13．A　[根据后文的“with a free pair，which doubles the number of people”可知，眼镜公司决定买一送一，故选A。] 14．C　[根据上文可知，眼镜公司决定买一送一，这样的话可以帮助的人数就增加了一倍，故选C。] 15．B　[根据后文的“He said his favorite color is blue and that he's excited to visit the Caribbean this winter”可知，戴上眼镜后Jones对世界有了新的看法，故选B。] Ⅲ．【参考范文】 A Dish for My Family Every time I taste the dishes made by my mother，I'm always overwhelmed by the love in them．I think I should do something for my family as well． This Saturday，I will make carrot and fish soup for my mother and father．Their screen time has led to blurred vision and eye strain．Carrots are said to be an excellent source of vitamin A，which is good for our eyes．Fish is a kind of healthy food，rich in essential nutrients like protein． I can't imagine how happy my mother and father will be when the dish is served． 4 / 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$