第2部分 板块2 第1讲 名词转换为形容词、名词或动词-【名师导航】2025年高考英语一轮总复习讲义（外研版）

板块二　词性的转换 第1讲　名词转换为形容词、名词或动词 题型 高考典题 命题角度 语法填空 1．(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)Xiao long bao (soup dumplings)，those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers encasing hot，tasty(taste) soup and sweet，fresh meat，are far and away my favorite Chinese street food． 2．(2023·全国甲卷)Different(difference) from traditional fables，Carson's story ends with an accusation instead of a moral． 3．(2023·全国乙卷改)The remarkable(remark) development of this city means there is always something new to discover here． 4．(2022·全国甲卷)Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more meaningful(meaning)． 5．(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)The beautiful (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds(蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations． 6．(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)In the 18th and 19th centuries，wealthy(wealth) people travelled and collected plants，historical objects and works of art． 1．给出名词，考查其派生出的形容词形式； 2．给出名词，考查其派生出的另一名词形式； 3．给出名词，考查其派生出的动词形式。 　名词转换为形容词 名词转换为形容词 后缀 例词 -al centre→central在中心的；中央的 origin→original原来的；起初的 crime→criminal 刑事的；犯罪的 practice→practical 实际的 accident→accidental意外的；偶然的 option→optional可选择的；选修的 -ed gift→gifted有智慧的 talent→talented有才能的；天才的 -ial office→official官方的；正式的 face→facial 面部的 race→racial 种族的 finance→financial 金融的 industry→industrial 工业的 influence→influential 有影响力的 -ful peace→peaceful和平的；安静的；和睦的 meaning→meaningful重大的；意味深长的 pain→painful痛苦的；艰难的；不愉快的 -less hope→hopeless没有希望的 use→useless 没用的 help→helpless无助的 end→endless无尽的 -able fashion→fashionable流行的；时髦的 reason→reasonable公平的；合理的 value→valuable有价值的；宝贵的 -ible access→accessible可到达的； 可进入的；可使用的；易懂的 horror→horrible极坏的；恐怖的 credit→credible可信的；可靠的 -ous danger→dangerous有危险的；不安全的 courage→courageous勇敢的；无畏的 ambition→ambitious有雄心的；有抱负的；有野心的 adventure→adventurous 冒险的；有冒险精神的；新奇的 space→spacious宽敞的；广阔的 -y guilt→guilty感到内疚的；有过失的；有罪责的 taste→tasty美味的；可口的 hunger→hungry饥饿的；挨饿的 -ic science→scientific科学的 energy→energetic精力充沛的；充满活力的 economy→economic经济(上)的 strategy→strategic战略性的；战略上的 -ish self→selfish自私的 child→childish孩子气的；稚嫩的 fool→foolish愚蠢的；傻的 -ate fortune→fortunate幸运的；吉利的 affection→affectionate表示关爱的 -ical grammar→grammatical语法的 history→historical(有关)历史的；有关历史研究的 economy→economical实惠的；节俭的；省钱的 -t confidence→confident有信心的 silence→silent沉默的 absence→absent缺席的；茫然的 -ly cost→costly昂贵的 friend→friendly友好的 order→orderly有秩序的 day→daily日常的 1．She feels ________ (guilt) about spending less time lately with her two kids． 2．There can be no doubt that you will succeed in your ________ (science) research． 3．He put his ear to the door and heard ________(anger) shouts, but not a single word was distinguishable． 4．The president paid an ________(office) visit to the neighbouring country to strengthen diplomatic ties． 5．Modern women are energetic, ________(ambition), and most of all, persistent in pursuit of their goals． 6．Keeping a diary in English is one of the most ________(effect) ways to improve our English writing ability． 7．It's never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and ________ (meaning) college experience． 8．If they run out of certain ________(day) necessities, Wilson will drive to the nearest store and purchase what's needed． 9．According to the World Bank, China accounts for approximately 30 percent of total ________ (globe) fertilizer consumption． 10．Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz, make the music more ________(access), and preserve its history and culture． 　名词转换为名词、动词 1．名词转换为名词 后缀 例词 -(e)r astronomy→astronomer天文学家 village→villager村民 engine→engineer工程师 -ist art→artist艺术家 physics→physicist物理学家 novel→novelist小说家 -ian music→musician音乐家；作曲家 library→librarian图书馆馆长；图书管理员 politics→politician从政者；政治家 -hood child→childhood童年；孩童时期 neighbour→neighbourhood街坊；街区 mother→motherhood母亲身份；母性 -ship friend→friendship友谊；友情 scholar→scholarship奖学金；学问 champion→championship冠军称号；锦标赛 2．名词转换为动词 前/后缀 例词 en- danger→endanger使遭危险；危及；危害 courage→encourage鼓励；激励 cage→encage把……关入笼中；禁闭 -en fright→frighten使惊吓；使惊恐 strength→strengthen加强；强化 length→lengthen使变长 -e breath→breathe呼吸 bath→bathe洗澡；沐浴 -ify beauty→beautify美化；装饰 identity→identify识别；确认 class→classify分类；归类 -ise memory→memorise记忆 summary→summarise 总结 apology→apologise道歉 1．In addition, planting trees helps improve and ________(beauty) the environment． 2．She knew that Soli was trying to ________ (fright) her, so she smiled to hide her fear． 3．But when John reached ________(adult), he was better off than his childhood playmates． 4．These human activities will ________ (danger) wildlife and affect the balance of the ecosystem． 5．John Olson, a former ________(photograph)，and his team turn paintings into fully textured 3D models． 6．A software engineer by profession, Steve was a keen lover of the piano, and the only ______(music) in his family． 7．Grasp the detailed information of the listening material and be able to ________(summary) the main idea． 8．If you exercise out of doors, your body will learn to ________(breath) more deeply, allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles and your brain． 9．For many years, I enjoyed living with my dogs, Tilly and Chance, whose ________(companion) was nearly enough to keep my loneliness at bay． 6/6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 板块二　词性的转换 第1讲 高考典题 1．tasty　2．Different　3．remarkable　4．meaningful　5．beautiful　6．wealthy 考点一 对点冲关训练 1．guilty　2．scientific　3．angry　4．official　5．ambitious　6．effective　7．meaningful　8．daily　9．global　10．accessible 考点二 对点冲关训练 1．beautify　2．frighten　3．adulthood　4．endanger　5．photographer　6．musician　7．summarise　8．breathe　9．companionship 20/110 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$