精品解析：上海市上海师范大学附属中学闵行分校2024-2025学年高三上学期英语9月月考试卷

2024学年上师闵分高三上英语月考1 I. Listening comprehension 1. A. At a grocery store. B. At a florist’s stand. C. At a bank counter. D. At an electronic shop. 2. A. Sign up for a fitness class. B. Shop for fitness equipment. C. Have a fitness test. D. Watch a fitness video. 3. A. Pay the ticket right away. B. Challenge the ticket. C. Ignore the ticket. D. Apologize to the parking officer. 4. A. She is available on Saturday. B. She will cancel her dentist appointment. C. She can not cover the man’s shift. D. She forgot about the shift. 5. A. The woman had better give him an extension on the deadline. B. The woman had better draft the proposal by herself. C. The woman had better approve the proposal. D. The woman had better give insights on the budget section. 6. A. She doesn’t like animals from the shelter. B. She prefers buying pets from breeders. C. She thinks adopting a pet is a bad idea. D. She supports the idea of adopting a pet. 7. A. Either of them is an experienced chef. B. Both of them have experienced failures in the kitchen. C. Neither of them are fond of cooking. D. Both of them are concerned about the new recipe. 8. A. Bungee jumping is safe. B. Bungee jumping is thrilling. C. Bungee jumping might have risks. D. Bungee jumping is sure to be regrettable. 9. A. The man should borrow the book several days later. B. The woman urgently needs the book back. C. The man does not need to return the book quickly. D. The woman is unwilling to lend the man the book. 10. A. The woman’s parents will not appreciate a surprise party. B. The woman should prioritize her parents’ preferences for the party. C. The man dislikes the idea of a surprise party. D. The woman should plan a party based on her own preferences. Section B Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following speech. 11. A. A pupil in need of help. B. A person promising to donate money. C. A member from a charity. D. A teacher in the Semira Region. 12. A.10%. B.35%. C.50%. D.65%. 13. A. To train teachers for the disabled. B. To help a pupil with special needs. C. To pay for a walking holiday. D. To organize a charity club for the disabled. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. To distract other students from doing well. B. To impress his friends with the shining ring. C. To improve his chances in the exam. D. To honor his grandfather by wearing a ring. 15. A. By having enough time for breaks. B. By breaking down learning into portions. C. By informing teachers of the study habits. D. By wearing lucky objects. 16. A. Start revision ahead of time. B. Reward oneself during revision. C. Consider different learning styles. D. Stay up late for the exam. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. To inquire about travel recommendations. B. To discuss cultural festivals in Southeast Asia. C. To plan a solo travel adventure to Thailand. D. To learn about Mr. Patel’s travel experiences. 18. A. Europe and Africa. B. Thailand and Vietnam. C. South America and Australia. D. Japan and China. 19. A. Solely cultural exploration. B. Primarily outdoor adventures. C. A mix of cultural and outdoor experiences. D. Luxurious and private accommodations. 20. A. It is ideal for meeting fellow travelers. B. It offers exclusive travel experiences. C. It is a more comfortable and secure stay. D. It offers authentic cultural immersion. II. Grammar and vocabulary Section A 语法填空 Documentary Shares Moving Story of POWs’ Rescue As the documentary The Sinking of Lisbon Maru ended in the British Film Institute’s Southbank theater in London, England on Tuesday, long-lasting applause erupted, and tears welled up in the eyes of many in the audience. The Lisbon Maru was ____1____ armed Japanese cargo ship that participated in World WarII, and the documentary told the lesser- known story of hardship, horror, tragedy, and courage____2____ surrounded its sinking while transporting more than 1,800 British prisoners of war, or POWs, from Hong Kong toward Japan. The sinking by a US submarine happened ____3____ the vessel did not bear a sign indicating it was carrying POWs, who were battened (封住底舱) down below deck at the time and who were left to drown by the Japanese soldiers on the ship. When the Lisbon Maru went down off the coast of East China’s Zhejiang province on Oct 2, 1942, local Chinese fishermen ____4____( spring) into action, pulling 384 POWs from the water.____5____800 went down with the ship. Fang Li,____6____ produced the documentary, said: “It’s an untold history. We see the bravery of our Chinese fishermen. We hear heart- breaking stories of individual British families, one after another. And we are angered by Japan’s attempt ____7____(cover) up the brutal crime.” Wearing a T-shirt with the coordinates (坐标) 122°45’31.14”E 30°13’44.42”N, which are those of the ____8____(sink) Lisbon Maru, Fang said he first heard about the incident from a ferry captain while shooting another film in 2013. Moved by the story, Fang surveyed the area in 2016 and,____9____ sonar detectors installed on drones, located the wreck. In the following years, he and his team contacted more than 380 relatives of the POWs and interviewed 120 of them,____10____( include) the only two British survivors still alive at the time. “While I was doing this, I was totally touched by those young boys, the age of my son. So many of them lost their lives there,” he told the BBC in 2018 after posting adverts in British newspapers seeking descendants of the POWs. 【答案】1. an 2. which##that 3. because 4. sprang 5. Another 6. who 7. to cover 8. sunken 9. with 10. including 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道，文章主要讲述纪录片《里斯本号沉没》分享战俘救援的感人故事。 【1题详解】 考查冠词。句意：“里斯本丸”号是一艘参加第二次世界大战的日本武装货船，这部纪录片讲述了在将1800多名英国战俘从香港运往日本的过程中，围绕着它沉没的艰难、恐怖、悲剧和勇气的鲜为人知的故事。ship是可数名词，此处泛指“一艘日本武装货船”，应使用不定冠词，且armed是以元音音素开头，故填an。 【2题详解】 考查定语从句。句意同上。空处引导定语从句，先行词是story，关系词在从句中作主语，使用关系代词which或that引导，故填which/that。 【3题详解】 考查状语从句。句意：一艘美国潜艇之所以会被击沉，是因为这艘船没有挂载战俘的标志，当时这些战俘被绑在甲板下面，被船上的日本士兵丢下，等着淹死。结合句意可知，空后是描述原因，使用because/as引导原因状语从句，故填because/as。 【4题详解】 考查一般过去时。句意：1942年10月2日，当“里斯本丸”号在中国东部浙江省沿海沉没时，当地渔民立即采取行动，从水中救出了384名战俘。根据时间状语“on Oct 2, 1942”可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时，故填sprang。 【5题详解】 考查限定词。句意：另有800人随船沉没。结合上文“384 POWs”可知，此处指“另外800人”，使用限定词another，首字母应大写，故填Another。 【6题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这部纪录片的制作人Fang Li说：“这是一段不为人知的历史。”空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Fang Li，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，使用关系代词who引导，故填who。 【7题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：我们对日本企图掩盖这一残酷罪行感到愤怒。attempt作名词时后接动词不定式作定语，故填to cover。 【8题详解】 考查形容词。句意：Fang穿着一件有122°45’31.14”E, 30°13’44.42”N坐标的T恤，这是沉船“里斯本丸”的坐标，Fang说，他是在2013年拍摄另一部电影时第一次从渡轮船长那里听说这件事的。空处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词Lisbon Maru，sunken“沉没的”，形容词，故填sunken。 【9题详解】 考查介词。句意：Fang被这个故事所感动，于2016年对该地区进行了调查，并在无人机上安装了声纳探测器，找到了沉船的位置。此处是with的复合结构“with+宾语+宾补”，在句中作状语，故填with。 【10题详解】 考查介词。句意：在接下来的几年里，他和他的团队联系了380多名战俘的亲属，采访了其中的120人，包括当时仅有的两名幸存的英国人。此处使用介词including，表示“包括”，故填including。 Section B 选词填空 A. quickly B. analyze C. programmed D. adoption E. drawbacks F. run G. dramatic H. transform I. distracted J. peacefully K. prospect Imagine an urban neighborhood where most of the cars are self-driving. What would it be like to be a pedestrian? Actually, pretty good. In fact, pedestrians might end up with the ____11____ of the place. In a new study published in the Journal of Planning Education and Research, Millard-Ball looks at the ____12____ of urban areas where a majority of vehicles are “autonomous” or self- driving. It’s a phenomenon that’s not as far off as one might think. “Autonomous vehicles have the potential to ____13____ travel behavior,” Millard-Ball says. He uses game theory to ____14____ the interaction between pedestrians and self-driving vehicles, with a focus on yielding(让行) at crosswalks. Because autonomous vehicles are designed to avoid risks, Millard-Ball’s model thinks autonomous vehicles may bring about a shift towards pedestrian-oriented urban neighborhoods. However, Millard-Ball also finds that the ____15____ of autonomous vehicles may be influenced by their strategic disadvantage that slows them down in urban traffic. “Pedestrians routinely play the game of chicken” Millard-Ball writes. Crossing the street, even at a marked crosswalk without a traffic signal, requires a probability calculation: what are the odds of survival? The benefit of crossing the street ____16____, instead of waiting for a gap in traffic, is traded off against the probability of injury or even death. Pedestrians know that drivers are not interested in running them down-usually. But there is the chance a driver may be ___17___ or drunk. Self-driving cars are ____18____ to obey the rules of the road, including waiting for pedestrians to cross. They could provide the most ____19____ transformation in urban transportation systems. Parking, street design, and transportation service networks are likely to be revolutionized. In his latest study, Millard-Ball suggests that the potential benefits of self-driving cars—avoiding boredom of traffic and traffic accidents-may be outweighed by the _____20_____ of an always play-it-safe vehicle that slows traffic for everybody. “From the point of view of a passenger in an automated car, it would be like driving down a street filled with unaccompanied five-year-old children,” Millard- Ball writes. Alternatively, planners could seize the opportunity to create more pedestrian- oriented streets. Autonomous vehicles could start a new era of pedestrian domination. 【答案】11. F 12. K 13. H 14. B 15. D 16. A 17. I 18. C 19. G 20. E 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了对自动驾驶汽车应用的研究。讲述了自动驾驶汽车带来的好处和坏处以及对城市交通带来的变革。 【11题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，行人最终可能会跑到这个地方。根据上文“Imagine an urban neighborhood where most of the cars are self-driving. What would it be like to be a pedestrian? Actually, pretty good.(想象一个城市社区，那里的大多数汽车都是自动驾驶的。当一个行人会是什么感觉?事实上，非常好)”可知，此处是指人们最终会选择由很多自动驾驶车辆的城市，即“跑到这个地方”。故选F。 【12题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在《规划教育与研究杂志》上发表的一项新研究中，米勒德-鲍尔展望了大多数车辆都是“自动”或自动驾驶的城市地区的前景。根据后句“It’s a phenomenon that’s not as far off as one might think. (这种现象并不像人们想象的那么遥远。)”可知，此处指的是自动驾驶城市的前景。故选K。 【13题详解】 考查动词不定式以及动词词义辨析。句意：“自动驾驶汽车有可能改变人们的出行习惯，”米勒德-鲍尔说。根据后文“Because autonomous vehicles are designed to avoid risks, Millard-Ball’s model thinks autonomous vehicles may bring about a shift towards pedestrian-oriented urban neighborhoods. (由于自动驾驶汽车的设计是为了避免风险，米勒德-鲍尔的模型认为，自动驾驶汽车可能会带来以步行为导向的城市社区的转变。)”说明“自动驾驶汽车可能会带来以步行为导向的城市社区的转变”可知，此处指的是自动驾驶汽车有可能改变人们的出行习惯；且位于动词不定式的to之后，所以用动词原形。故选H。 【14题详解】 考查动词不定式以及动词词义辨析。句意：他使用博弈论来分析行人和自动驾驶汽车之间的相互作用，重点是在人行横道上让步。根据上文“ ‘Autonomous vehicles have the potential to ____3____ travel behavior,’ Millard-Ball says. (自动驾驶汽车有可能改变人们的出行习惯，”米勒德-鲍尔说。)”得出的是结论，可知此处指的是分析行人和自动驾驶汽车之间的相互作用；且位于动词不定式的to之后，所以用动词原形。故选B。 【15题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，Millard-Ball还发现，自动驾驶汽车的采用可能会受到其在城市交通中减慢速度的战略劣势的影响。根据空格后“may be influenced by their strategic disadvantage that slows them down in urban traffic (可能会受到其在城市交通中减慢速度的战略劣势的影响)”可知，此处指的是自动驾驶汽车的采用。故选D。 【16题详解】 考查副词。句意：快速过马路的好处，而不是等待交通间隙，是与受伤甚至死亡的可能性相权衡的。根据空格后的“而不是等待交通间隙”可知，此处指的是快速过马路。此处修饰动词，所以用副词quickly。故选A。 【17题详解】 考查形容词。句意：但司机也有可能分心或喝醉酒。空格处位于be动词之后，因此需要填入形容词，且与空格后的drunk并列，所以此处指的是分心的。故选I。 【18题详解】 考查被动语态与动词词义辨析。句意：自动驾驶汽车被设定为遵守道路规则，包括等待行人过马路。空格处位于be动词之后，且为句子的谓语动词，所以为被动语态，所以要填入过去分词；根据后文“ including waiting for pedestrians to cross. ”可知，此处指的是“自动驾驶汽车被设定为遵守道路规则”。故选C。 【19题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它们可以为城市交通系统带来最巨大的变革。空格处位于名词之前，因此需要填入形容词；根据下文“Parking, street design, and transportation service networks are likely to be revolutionized.”可知，此处指的是能够带来最巨大变革。故选G。 【20题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他最新的研究中，Millard-Ball提出，自动驾驶汽车的潜在好处——避免无聊的交通和交通事故——可能会被一种总是玩安全游戏的汽车的缺点所抵消，这种汽车会减慢每个人的交通速度。根据空格后“an always play-it-safe vehicle that slows traffic for everybody. (这种汽车会减慢每个人的交通速度)”说明的是这种汽车的缺点，可知，此处指的是被缺点所抵消。故选E。 II. Reading Comprehensions Section A Why some brilliant ideas get overlooked? In 1928, Karl Jansky, a young radio engineer at Bell Telephone Laboratories, began researching static interference that might obscure voice transmissions. Five years later, after building a large rotating antenna (天线) and investigating every possibility he could think of, he published his remarkable ____21____: some of the static was coming from the Milky Way. Jansky’s theory was eye-catching enough to be published in The New York Times but scientists were ____22____. Radio signals from outer space? Surely they were too weak to detect. Jansky’s ideas were largely ____23____ for about a decade. He died at the age of 44. Thankfully, he lived long enough to see his ideas blossom into field of radio astronomy. Jansky’s story resonates with us: we all like the idea of the researcher who is so far ahead of their ____24____ that it takes years for the rest of the world to catch up. Gregor Mendel’s research into plant genetics is a famous example — published in 1866, it was only verified and taken seriously in 1900. The stories of Jansky and Mendel hold out some hope to anyone who feels that the world has not quite ____25____ their brilliance. There is even a name for such cases, coined by Anthony van Raan of Leiden University: “Sleeping Beauties”, scientific papers that receive almost no citations for years, before finding wide ____26____. (Some scholars argue that the term is sexist and prefer “delayed recognition”.) So what is it about an idea that delays recognition? One view is that brilliant ideas are overlooked when delivered by obscure messengers. Jansky and Mendel were somewhat detached from (离开) the scientific ____27____. In 1970, the sociologist Stephen Cole published an analysis arguing that the obstacle tended to lie in the ____28____ of the idea itself, rather than the prestige of the scientist behind it. Ideas fell asleep for a hundred years because they were radical, or confusing, or both. It is difficult to be sure. Two scholars of the field, Eugene Garfield and Wolfgand Glanzel, have argued that such ____29____ of delayed recognition are so rare as to be hard to analyse. Studying papers published in 1980 from the vantage (优势) point of 2004, they looked for articles that were barely cited for five years, then subsequently ____30____. They found just 60 examples in 450,000 cases. There are plenty of examples of research that is barely cited; what is rare is their subsequent popularity. Why, then, is this myth such a compelling one? One explanation, of course, is that we all love a story of the underdog (黑马) who triumphs against ____31____. Immediate and sustained success is as boring as immediate and sustained failure. Another is that scientists themselves are fond of the thought that their ideas are ____32____. In an essay on delayed recognition, Garfield notes mildly that one historian of science, Derek Price, believed one of his own papers was suffering delayed recognition. It is easy to chuckle, but it is also easy to empathise. Delayed recognition is rare. Much more ____33____ is for people simply to reach their prime late in life. David Galenson is an economist who studies the creative output of musicians, artists, directors and others. Galenson has found that while it is quite possible to ____34____ as a radical young conceptual artist, there are many examples of “old masters” whose later works are more admired than their youthful ones. We all need to be able to hold on to the idea that the best is yet to come. But it is too tempting to hope that what we have already produced will, one day, be recognized for its brilliance. Good things do not come to those who wait, if ____35____ is all they do. It is wiser to get back to work and make something better. 21. A. conclusion B. device C. invention D. paper 22. A. unreliable B. uncomfortable C. unimpressed D. unsatisfactory 23. A. criticized B. kept C. ignored D. inspected 24. A. mission B. goal C. schedule D. time 25. A. caught up with B. had a good command of C. made good use of D. taken advantage of 26. A. attention B. platform C. space D. vision 27. A. data B. kingdom C. mainstream D. proof 28. A. content B. origin C. popularity D. presence 29. A. examples B. letters C. reports D. supporters 30. A. broke off B. paid off C. switched off D. took off 31. A. the authorities B. the odds C. the opposite D. the wrong 32. A. underappreciated B. underdeveloped C. underequipped D. underperformed 33. A. challenging B. common C. complicated D. difficult 34. A. break through B. get through C. make ends meet D. make sense 35. A. complaining B. socializing C. thinking D. waiting 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. A 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了为什么一些绝妙的想法被忽视，并用相关的例子进行说明。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：五年后，在建造了一个大型旋转天线并研究了他能想到的所有可能性之后，他发表了他的非凡结论：一些静电来自银河系。A. conclusion结论；B. device设备；C. invention发明；D. paper论文。后文“some of the static was coming from the Milky Way(一些静电来自银河系)”是他得出的结论。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Jansky的理论引人注目，足以发表在《纽约时报》上，但科学家们却不为所动。A. unreliable不可靠的；B. uncomfortable不舒服的；C. unimpressed不感兴趣的；D. unsatisfactory不令人满意的。根据后文“Radio signals from outer space? Surely they were too weak to detect.(来自外太空的无线电信号？他们肯定太弱了，无法察觉)”可知，科学家们不为所动。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：扬斯基的想法在大约十年的时间里基本上被忽视了。A. criticized批评；B. kept保持；C. ignored忽视；D. inspected检查。根据后文“He died at the age of 44. Thankfully, he lived long enough to see his ideas blossom into field of radio astronomy.(他在44岁时去世。谢天谢地，他活得足够长，看到他的想法在射电天文学领域开花结果)”可知，扬斯基的想法在大约十年的时间里基本上被忽视了，死后想法在射电天文学领域开花结果。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：扬斯基的故事引起了我们的共鸣：我们都喜欢这位研究人员的想法，他远远领先于他们的时代，以至于世界上的其他人需要几年的时间才能赶上。A. mission任务；B. goal目标；C. schedule计划表；D. time时代。根据上文“we all like the idea of the researcher who is so far ahead of their”可知，为短语ahead of time表示“领先时代，提前”。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：扬斯基和孟德尔的故事给那些认为世界还没有完全了解他们的才华的人带来了一些希望。A. caught up with赶上；B. had a good command of掌握；C. made good use of充分利用；D. taken advantage of占便宜，利用。根据上文“The stories of Jansky and Mendel”可知，扬斯基和孟德尔的才华在当时被世界所忽视，所以这里指给那些认为世界还没有完全了解他们的才华的人带来了一些希望。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：莱顿大学的Anthony van Raan甚至为这类案例创造了一个名字：“睡美人”。这些科学论文在得到广泛关注之前，多年来几乎没有人引用。A. attention关注；B. platform平台；C. space空间；D. vision幻想。根据后文“Some scholars argue that the term is sexist and prefer “delayed recognition”.(一些学者认为这个词是性别歧视，更喜欢“延迟识别”)”可知，这些科学论文一开始没有人得到广泛关注，故选A。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：扬斯基和孟德尔在某种程度上脱离了科学主流。A. data数据；B. kingdom王国；C. mainstream主流；D. proof证据。根据上文“One view is that brilliant ideas are overlooked when delivered by obscure messengers.(一种观点认为，杰出的想法被默默无闻的信使所忽视)”可知，此处指扬斯基和孟德尔在某种程度上脱离了科学主流。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：1970年，社会学家斯蒂芬·科尔发表了一篇分析文章，认为障碍往往在于这个想法本身的内容，而不是背后科学家的声望。A. content内容；B. origin起源；C. popularity受欢迎；D. presence存在。根据后文“of the idea itself, rather than the prestige of the scientist behind it”可知，斯蒂芬·科尔发表了一篇分析文章，认为障碍往往在于这个想法本身的内容，而不是背后科学家的声望。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：该领域的两位学者尤金·加菲尔德和沃尔夫冈·格兰泽尔认为，这种延迟识别的例子非常罕见，以至于很难分析。A. examples例子；B. letters信；C. reports报告；D. supporters支持者。根据后文“There are plenty of examples of research that is barely cited; what is rare is their subsequent popularity.(有很多研究的例子很少被引用；罕见的是它们后来的流行)”可知，此处指的是延迟识别的例子非常罕见，以至于很难分析。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们从2004年开始研究1980年发表的论文，寻找那些在五年内几乎没有被引用，后来开始流行的文章。A. broke off中断；B. paid off支付；C. switched off关闭；D. took off(产品、活动、事业等)腾飞，突然成功。根据后文“There are plenty of examples of research that is barely cited; what is rare is their subsequent popularity.(有很多研究的例子很少被引用；罕见的是它们后来的流行)”可知，他们寻找那些在五年内几乎没有被引用，后来开始流行的文章。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当然，有一种解释是，我们都喜欢弱者战胜逆境的故事A. the authorities当局；B. the odds逆境；C. the opposite相反；D. the wrong错误。根据上文“Immediate and sustained success is as boring as immediate and sustained failure.(即时持续的成功和即时持续的失败一样无聊)”可知，我们都喜欢弱者战胜逆境的故事。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：另一个原因是科学家们自己喜欢认为他们的想法不被重视。A. underappreciated不受重视；B. underdeveloped发展不完全；C. underequipped装备不足；D. underperformed表现不佳。根据后文“In an essay on delayed recognition, Garfield notes mildly that one historian of science, Derek Price, believed one of his own papers was suffering delayed recognition.(在一篇关于延迟认可的文章中，加菲尔德温和地指出，科学历史学家德里克·普莱斯认为他自己的一篇论文受到了延迟认可)”可知，另一个原因是科学家们自己喜欢认为他们的想法不被重视。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：更常见的是，人们只是在晚年才达到巅峰。A. challenging调整性的；B. common普通的；C. complicated复杂的；D. difficult困难的。根据后文“there are many examples of “old masters” whose later works are more admired than their youthful ones(但有很多“老大师”的后期作品比他们年轻时的作品更受赞赏)”可知，更常见的是，人们只是在晚年才达到巅峰。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：盖伦森发现，作为一个激进的年轻观念艺术家，虽然很有可能取得突破，但有很多“老大师”的后期作品比他们年轻时的作品更受赞赏。A. break through突破；B. get through度过；C. make ends meet收支平衡；D. make sense有意义。根据后文“as a radical young conceptual artist”以及while引导让步状语从句，可知，作为一个激进的年轻观念艺术家，虽然很有可能取得突破，但有很多“老大师”的后期作品比他们年轻时的作品更受赞赏。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：好事不会降临那些等待的人身上，如果他们只会等待的话。A. complaining投诉；B. socializing社交；C. thinking思考；D. waiting等待。根据上文“Good things do not come to those who wait”可知，好事不会降临那些等待的人身上，如果他们只会等待的话。故选D。 Section B (A) After some blood tests, Dr Stubs stood before me, a tall man, but short on personality and sporting a cold expression. You have systemic lupus. he said matter-of-factly."Lupus, "he continued, "is an auto-immune disease and ….” I remember certain details but mostly I remember him talking about children. “Children are no harm. But childbirth would jumpstart additional symptoms that could be life threatening. You already have two kids anyway.” As I got up to leave, shaken and drained, he said his parting words, “I would discourage any further research. There is no cure and nothing can prevent its progression.” Still, I did research lupus and its symptoms tiredness and joint pain—were both consistent with what I was experiencing. And eventually some major organs could be affected, causing shutdown and possibly death. I studied and found out that echinacea had a record in making immune system stronger. I decided that along with the plant I would strengthen my mindset by immersing myself in my family with my one-year-old son and three-year-old daughter. After another visit, I decided never to go back to Dr. Stubs. How could one endure repeatedly hear desperately words coming from an emotionless mouth even though they were truth? The years passed. When I would feel tired and achy I pulled support from my children and their laughter. Finally, after eight years, I went to Dr. Kirstein who was recommended by a friend. She stood there holding my hand and looking into my eyes warmly. "So, let’s talk a little.” Instantly my defenses were down. Before I knew it, she had me running on and on about my children, my husband, my life and dreams. I told her about all the meaningful activities I was involved in, those things I might have never done without the disease. After several follow-up tests, and greater research into my family history, Dr. Kirstein came to conclusive answer. I did not have systemic lupus. There must be something wrong with the initial tests 8 years before. I didn't know whether I should jump for joy or scream because I had been living the last eight years in fear of a fatal disease. But then I realized that I had been living every day, not so much in fear, but happiness Even day was a gift and I knew it. 36. Dr. Strubs warned the author against having more children because _____. A. The process of giving birth put her life in danger. B. Taking care of children will gradually worsen her disease. C. Her disease will threaten the health of her children. D. She already has enough children. 37. Why did the author stop seeing doctor Strubs after two visits? . A. Because she not qualified to treat her disease. B. Because he recommended Dr.Kirkstein to her. C. Because his cold attitude upset the author. D. Because she suspected his diagnosis about her disease. 38. How did the author deal with the disease? A. She calmly waited for major organs to shut down. B. she took effective medicine regularly to fight the disease. C. She turned to Dr. Kirstein to get cure for the disease D. She tried to strengthen immune system and drew strength from family. 39. Why did the author think every day in the past 8 years was a gift? A. Because systemic lupus was no longer a deadly disease. B. Because she made every day valuable in spite of disease C. Because she received a gift every day from her family D. Because she only occasionally felt pain and tiredness. 【答案】36. A 37. C 38. D 39. B 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者虽然在过去的八年被认为是有疾病，但是她使每一天都过的有意义。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段I remember certain details but mostly I remember him talking about children. “Children are no harm. But childbirth would jumpstart additional symptoms that could be life threatening. You already have two kids anyway.”可知，Dr. Strubs认为作者分娩会引发可能危及生命的其他症状。故选A。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第五段How could one endure repeatedly hear desperately words coming from an emotionless mouth even though they were truth?作者无法忍受反复听到医生从一个没有感情的嘴里说出绝望的话语，可知，医生冷淡的态度使作者感到不安。故选C。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段I studied and found out that echinacea had a record in making immune system stronger. I decided that along with the plant I would strengthen my mindset by immersing myself in my family with my one-year-old son and three-year-old daughter.可知，作者用紫锥菊来增强自己增强免疫系统并融入家庭、强化心态，从家庭中汲取力量。故选D。 【39题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段But then I realized that I had been living every day, not so much in fear, but happiness Even day was a gift and I knew it.可知，作者意识到，活着的每一天，并不是那么恐惧，而是快乐，甚至每一天都是一份礼物，从而推断出，尽管疾病缠身，但她让每一天都变得有价值。故选B。 (B) The data behind the push for a four- day week De- Stress Staff at Perpetual Guardian reported their stress levels decreased from 45 per cent to 38 per cent after a four- day week. 9- New working hours 5 After the Industrial Revolution, our working day decreased THE SLACKERS OF THE G7 According to the Office for National Statistics, the UK’s Gross Domestic Product per hour worked is 15.1 per cent lower than the rest of the G7, ( labelled G7exUK in graph). Pursuit Marketing, based in Glasgow, declared Fridays to be voluntary for all staff in September2016. Following an initial 37 per cent productivity increase, which operations director Lorraine Gray owes to the novelty factor, total productivity settled to almost 30 percent higher than before the change. “I think it works really well here because it’s part of an overall culture of wellbeing,” says Gray.” Everyone is really clear that the focus is on the work- life balance and making sure everyone can be the best version of themselves.” Having less time to complete the same tasks drives staff to work efficiently. “Just shifting to thinking about’ How can I do my work in less time?’ focuses people’s attention on what it is important for them to do. They make slightly more strategic decisions over the actions that are going to result in higher levels of productivity,” explains Prof Paul Redford, an occupational psychologist at the University of the West of England. The 9 to 5, five- day week is a relatively recent invention in the history of human work. It was the result of much campaigning to reduce working hours once the Industrial Revolution had provided technology to vastly improve productivity. The Trades Union Congress (TUC) believes that we should once more take advantage of the rewards of our technological boom, in particular AI and automation, and shorten our working week further. “The Industrial Revolution, with the promotion of factory- based working, shifted the nature of work to this 9 to 5,’ says Redford. “We’re still, in some on productivity. Sometimes the focus on wellbeing is saying that it’s good to have high level of wellbeing because it’s more productive; I think that wellbeing is not a bad aim in and of itself.” 40. What does “the novelty factor”( paragraph 1) refer to? A. Productivity increased by 38%. B. Workers needn’t work on Fridays. C. Pursuit Marketing was based in Glasgow. D. Total productivity settled to almost 30% higher. 41. What conclusion can be drawn from the column of“ The data behind the push for a four- day week”? A. G7exUK in graph refers to the members of the G7 inclusive of the UK. B. The working hours per week decreased greatly in the decade from 1920 to 1930. C. 38% of the staff members at Perpetual Guardian were against the four- day week. D. Workers in Germany were about 35% more productive than those in the UK in 2016. 42. In terms of a four- day work week which of the following statements is Prof Paul Redford most likely to agree with? A. Everyone can become the best decision maker. B. High productivity can improve workers’ wellbeing. C. Workers may ignore the importance of productivity. D. AI and automation has resulted in a shorter working week. 【答案】40. B 41. A 42. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了格拉斯哥的追寻营销公司(Pursuit Marketing)于2016年9月宣布，周五为全体员工的自愿休息日后，总生产力却大幅度提升，并分析了这一现象，劳动者想在更短的时间内完成同样的工作就会提高工作效率。 【40题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段“Pursuit Marketing, based in Glasgow, declared Fridays to be voluntary for all staff in September2016.(格拉斯哥的追寻营销公司(Pursuit Marketing)于2016年9月宣布，周五为全体员工的自愿工作日)”及短语前“Following an initial 37 per cent productivity increase, which operations director Lorraine Gray owes to…(运营总监洛林•格雷将最初的37%的生产率提高归功于……)”可知，洛林•格雷认为生产力的提升就是因为公司规定周五可以是自愿上班这个新举措产生的。故选B项。 【41题详解】 推理判断题。根据图表中THE SLACKERS OF THE G7部分“According to the Office for National Statistics, the UK’s Gross Domestic Product per hour worked is 15.1 per cent lower than the rest of the G7, (labelled G7exUK in graph).(七国集团的懒虫根据英国国家统计局(Office for National Statistics)的数据，英国每工作小时的国内生产总值(gdp)比七国集团(G7)其他成员国低15.1%(图表中标注为G7exUK))”及下面柱状图可推测，G7exUK指的是包括英国在内的七国集团的成员。故选A项。 【42题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘The Industrial Revolution, with the promotion of factory- based working, shifted the nature of work to this 9 to 5,’ says Redford.(工业革命通过推广工厂制的工作方式，将工作性质转变为现在的朝九晚五)”可推测，Redford认为工作时间的缩短是因为工业革命引发的工作效率的提高，在结合上一段“The Trades Union Congress (TUC) believes that we should once more take advantage of the rewards of our technological boom, in particular AI and automation, and shorten our working week further.(英国工会大会(TUC)认为，我们应该再次利用技术繁荣带来的好处，尤其是人工智能和自动化，进一步缩短每周的工作时间)”可推测，Redford应该也会赞同，现代科技的进步尤其是人工智能和自动化技术可能会再次缩短每周的工作时间。故选D项。 (C) Imagine a world in which your life is filled with intelligent advertisements. Jaron Lanier, who was an adviser on “Minority Report”, asci- fi film, worries that this could be the future. A few platform firms, he fears, will control what consumers see and hear and other companies will have to use some of their profits (by buying ads) to gain access to them. That may sound ridiculous, but it is increasingly what investors are banking on. The total market value of a basket of a dozen American firms that depend on ad revenue, or are designing their strategies around it, has risen by 126% over the past five years. The part of America’s economy that is ad- centric has become systematically important, with a market value that is larger than the banking industry. The huge sums being bet on advertising raise a question: how much of it can America take?A back- of- the- envelope calculation by Schumpeter suggests that stock prices currently imply that American advertising revenues will rise from 1% of GDP today, to as much as 1.8% of GDP by 2027-a massive-mp. Since 1980 the average has been 1.3%, according to Jonathan Barnard of Zenith, a media agency, and in the past few years the advertising market relative to GDP has been shrinking. There are reasons why it might go on, points out Bob Norman of Group M, another media agency. In the old days advertisers in Time magazine or on billboards in Times Square were what only giant firms could afford. But tech platforms have done a brilliant job of persuading smaller companies to spend money targeting customers. Adverts could become even more effective at identifying customers and attracting them to spend money, using data that have been gathered to anticipate their needs. As commerce shifts online, firms will cut back on conventional marketing, freeing up budgets to spend more on digital ads. Yet there is a logical limit to the size of the advertising market: the irritation factor, or how much consumers can absorb without being put off. The golden rule used to be that ads could comprise no more than 33-50% of TV or radio programming, or of a magazine’s pages, says Rishad Tobacco wala, of Publicis, an advertising firm. The digital world is already showing signs of saturation. More people are using ad- blocking software. Tech brands that avoid bombarding(狂轰滥炸) customers with ads, such as Apple and Netflix, are wildly popular. 43. What can be learned from paragraph 2? A. Some decisions that investors make are ridiculous. B. Investors are optimistic about intelligent advertising. C. The banking industry itself has been shrinking greatly. D. More American firms devote themselves to advertising. 44. According to Bob Norman, why might American advertising revenues account for a larger part of GDP? A. Conventional marketing is losing its appeal. B. Giant firms will spend much more on advertising. C. Advertising will be available to more and more firms. D. Customers are becoming more willing to spend money. 45. By “The digital world is already showing signs of saturation”( paragraph 6), the writer means that________. A. ad- blocking software needs to be used more widely B. customers can hardly skip a website filled with advertisement C. the digital world is not as advanced as commonly thought D. the online advertising market may have reached its limit 46. What is the passage mainly about? A. The limits of intelligent advertising. B. The prospects of intelligent advertising. C. The advantages of intelligent advertising. D. The dominance of intelligent advertising. 【答案】43. B 44. C 45. D 46. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要探讨了智能广告相关的情况，包括投资者对其的态度、广告收入在 GDP 中占比的变化趋势、广告市场规模的限制因素等，重点阐述了智能广告面临的一些限制。 【43题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段内容“The total market value of a basket of a dozen American firms that depend on ad revenue, or are designing their strategies around it, has risen by 126% over the past five years. The part of America’s economy that is ad - centric has become systematically important, with a market value that is larger than the banking industry.(一打依赖广告收入或围绕广告收入设计战略的美国公司的总市值在过去五年中增长了126%。美国以广告为中心的经济部分已变得具有系统重要性，其市值大于银行业。)”可以推断出，投资者对智能广告持乐观态度，因为相关公司市值增长且广告部分在经济中的重要性提升，故选B项。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Bob Norman of Group M, another media agency. In the old days advertisers in Time magazine or on billboards in Times Square were what only giant firms could afford. But tech platforms have done a brilliant job of persuading smaller companies to spend money targeting customers.( Group M 的鲍勃·诺曼（Bob Norman）是另一家媒体机构的代表。过去，只有在《时代》杂志或时代广场的广告牌上投放广告，才是大公司才负担得起的宣传方式。但科技平台在说服小公司花钱进行精准客户营销方面做得非常出色。)”可知，由于科技平台的作用，更多的公司可以进行广告投放，这可能使美国广告收入在GDP中占比更大。故选C项。 【45题详解】 推理判断题。根据前文“Yet there is a logical limit to the size of the advertising market: the irritation factor, or how much consumers can absorb without being put off.(然而，广告市场的规模存在一个合理的限制：刺激性因素，即消费者在不被厌烦的情况下能接受多少广告。)”以及本句“The digital world is already showing signs of saturation.(数字世界已经显示出饱和的迹象。)”可知，作者认为广告市场的规模存在一个消费者在不被厌烦的情况下能接受多少广告的限制，可推理出作者认为在线广告市场可能已经达到了极限，故选D项。 【46题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Imagine a world in which your life is filled with intelligent advertisements. Jaron Lanier, who was an adviser on “Minority Report”, asci- fi film, worries that this could be the future.(想象一下，你的生活充满了智能广告的世界。科幻电影《少数派报告》的顾问雅龙·拉尼尔担心这可能会成为未来)”及最后一段“Yet there is a logical limit to the size of the advertising market: the irritation factor, or how much consumers can absorb without being put off. The digital world is already showing signs of saturation.(然而，广告市场的大小有一个合理的限度：刺激因素，或者消费者在不反感的情况下能接受多少广告。数字世界已经显示出饱和的迹象)”可知，文章主要介绍了智能广告的局限性。故选A项。 Section C Full Circle Fashion Autumn’s cooler temperature and beautiful colours never cease to excite me. I love reaching deep into my wardrobe and rediscovering the soft wool items that have served me well for many years. ____47____ Every October, I decide it’s time for it to make its yearly appearance. The loose style allows for lots of layering, so I’m able to wear it now and throughout the colder winter weather. It was a carefully considered purchase, and one I’ve not regretted for a moment. I always find the more time and thought I put into my wardrobe investments, the better they pay off. An item currently under consideration is this one that caught my eye last winter - a recycled cashmere poncho (羊绒斗篷). I’ve tried on this long poncho a few times and a year later, I still love it. ____48____ Also the cashmere itself is superb quality. The flexibility of a long poncho makes it even more irresistible. It would be ideal for a chilly office or aeroplane. It layers perfectly under loose long coat like my orange one. I love how it modernizes a modernizer blouse. It feels like a wise investment for my wardrobe; supporting a business that facilitates sustainable fashion feels like a wise direction of my money. “Circular fashion”, where no longer used items are re- crafted into new clothes (like this poncho) is a new way of consuming that will be with us forever. ____49____ Every aspect of the process ensures tons of clothing do not end up in landfill each year. In general, circular fashion opts for wool, cotton, cashmere, and silk- all of which can be re- used or mixed with new natural fibres. These materials are more expensive, but if they are used in several circular cycles of clothing in the future, they pollute and waste less of our natural resources. ____50____ And innovative circular fashion brands will soon be giving us many more incredible options. A. Making only mindful purchases, and looking for ways to recycle my clothes makes me a better consumer. B. Its modern simplicity really appeals to me. C. Some fibres simply do not recycle and do not de- compose in landfill at the end of their usefulness. D. It switches the make-wear-and- dispose cycle of fashion into a circular one. E. One of my favourites is this burnt orange lightweight, unlined wool coat. F. I only wish I’d learned this lesson about shopping a lot sooner than I did! 【答案】47. E 48. B 49. D 50. A 【解析】 【导语】本文的体裁是议论文。文章大意是讨论了循环时尚的概念，即不再使用的衣物被重新制作成新衣服，并强调了这种消费方式的可持续性。作者以自己对羊毛衣物的喜爱和考虑购买一件回收羊绒斗篷为例，阐述了循环时尚如何减少资源浪费和污染，以及支持可持续时尚的商业选择。 【47题详解】 根据上文“I love reaching deep into my wardrobe and rediscovering the soft wool items that have served me well for many years.（我喜欢在衣柜深处翻找，重新发现那些多年来一直很适合我的柔软羊毛制品。）”以及下文 “The loose style allows for lots of layering, so I’m able to wear it now and throughout the colder winter weather. It was a carefully considered purchase（宽松的款式可以搭配很多层衣服，所以我现在可以穿，整个寒冷的冬天也能穿。这是一次经过深思熟虑的购买。）”可知这里是在介绍一件羊毛衣物，E选项“One of my favourites is this burnt orange lightweight, unlined wool coat.（我最喜欢的一件是这件浅橙色的轻薄无衬里羊毛大衣。）”符合语境，故选E。 【48题详解】 根据上文“I’ve tried on this long poncho a few times and a year later, I still love it.（我已经试穿过这件长披风好几次了，一年后，我仍然喜欢它。）”以及下文 “Also the cashmere itself is superb quality. The flexibility of a long poncho makes it even more irresistible.（而且羊绒本身质量上乘。长披风的灵活性让它更加不可抗拒。）”可知这里是在阐述喜欢这件披风的原因，B选项“Its modern simplicity really appeals to me.（它的现代简约风格真的很吸引我。）”符合语境，故选B。 【49题详解】 根据上文““Circular fashion”, where no longer used items are re - crafted into new clothes (like this poncho) is a new way of consuming that will be with us forever.（“循环时尚”，即将不再使用物品重新制作成新衣服（就像这件披风一样），是一种将永远伴随着我们的新消费方式。）”可知这里是在解释循环时尚的意义，D选项 “It switches the make - wear - and - dispose cycle of fashion into a circular one.（它将时尚的制作、穿着和处理循环转变为一个循环的过程。）”符合语境，故选D。 【50题详解】 根据上文“These materials are more expensive, but if they are used in several circular cycles of clothing in the future, they pollute and waste less of our natural resources.（这些材料更昂贵，但如果它们在未来的几个服装循环周期中被使用，它们对自然资源的污染和浪费就会更少。）”以及下文“And innovative circular fashion brands will soon be giving us many more incredible options.（创新的循环时尚品牌很快将为我们提供更多令人难以置信的选择。）”可知这里是在讲述在这种情况下如何成为一个更好的消费者，A选项“Making only mindful purchases, and looking for ways to recycle my clothes makes me a better consumer.（只进行谨慎的购买，并寻找回收衣服的方法使我成为一个更好的消费者。）”符合语境，故选A。 IV. Summary Writing 51. How to make resolutions stick How are those New Year’s resolutions going? If you’re persisting, good for you. Many people do not. Given that the real challenge seems to be not making resolutions, but keeping them, I would like to understand more about that challenge. There is a revealing story at the end of How to Change in which Milkman and her colleague Angela Duckworth discuss the success of a large experiment. This experiment was run with a national gym chain and aimed to get people exercising more. Had it been a success? While the experimental persuasions were demonstrably effective at getting people to go to the gym during the four- week experimental period, they were far less effective at getting people to maintain their gym- going habit. If you hope for persistent results, one possible answer is persistent persuasion. There are other approaches. David Epstein, for example, had been struggling to quit his late- night snacking habit. When moving house, he simply decided that he would leave the old habit in the old house. This approach, he writes, was completely successful. Epstein also made a clear plan, something that is often missing from resolutions. Your resolutions to exercise more? Great! Where and how will you exercise, and when will you do it? It is better to sign up for a particular exercise class than for a generic gym membership, because you’ re forced to be specific about how you will achieve your goal. Another idea that has stuck in my mind is that our actions are influenced both by driving forces and by restraints -the accelerator (加速器) and the brake, if you like. When we want to move, we instinctively stamp harder on the accelerator, but we often get better results from releasing the brake. If you’re thinking of embracing a new resolution, ask yourself, “Why haven’t I been doing this already? What has been stopping me?” Answer those questions, and you might learn something that will help make your new resolution stick. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Making New Year’s resolutions stick requires persistent persuasion and specific planning. A gym experiment illustrates the challenge of maintaining new habits beyond the initial period. Like David Epstein, who quit snacking by changing his environment and planning, resolutions should target clear goals, such as joining a specific exercise class. Understanding and releasing internal restraints is also crucial for lasting change. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了如何成功坚持新年决心，并通过实验案例、个人经验和理论探讨，提供了几种可行的策略和方法。 【详解】1.要点摘录 ① The real challenge of New Year’s resolutions is not making them, but keeping them. ② A large experiment with a national gym chain showed that while experimental persuasions were effective during the experimental period, they were less effective at maintaining the habit. ③ David Epstein successfully quit his late-night snacking habit by leaving the old habit in the old house and making a clear plan. ④ Resolutions should be specific, such as signing up for a particular exercise class instead of a generic gym membership. ⑤ Our actions are influenced by driving forces and restraints. To make a new resolution stick, we need to identify and release the restraints. 2.缜密构思 将第1、2、4、5个要点进行整合，形成一个连贯的概述。第3个要点可以作为具体实例来支撑概述。 3.遣词造句 Making New Year’s resolutions stick requires persistent persuasion and specific planning. A gym experiment illustrates the challenge of maintaining new habits beyond the initial period. Like David Epstein who quit snacking by changing his environment and planning, resolutions should target clear goals, such as joining a specific exercise class. Understanding and releasing internal restraints is also crucial for lasting change. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Making New Year’s resolutions stick requires persistent persuasion and specific planning.（运用了非谓语动词短语作主语） [高分句型2] Like David Epstein, who quit snacking by changing his environment and planning, resolutions should target clear goals, such as joining a specific exercise class.（运用了关系代词who引导的定语从句） V. Translation 52. 一到公司，他就被告知由于台风来袭电力中断。(inform) (汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Upon/On arriving at the company, he was informed that because of the typhoon hitting, the power was cut off. 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语、被动语态和时态。“一到公司”作时间状语，可用介词短语upon/on arriving at the company表达；“他就被告知”是主句，表示被动关系，且是过去发生的动作，所以应使用一般过去时的被动语态he was informed；“由于台风来袭电力中断”是被告知的内容，可处理为宾语从句，用连词that引导，从句中“由于台风来袭”作原因状语，可用介词短语because of the typhoon hitting表达，从句主语“电力”用the power表示，谓语“中断”可理解为“被切断”，用被动语态be cut off，讲述过去的事情用一般过去时态was cut off。综上，全句译为：Upon/On arriving at the company, he was informed that because of the typhoon hitting, the power was cut off. 53. 虽然他之前的表现出挑，但由于对公司文化一无所知，他还是没通过面试。(ignorant) （汉译英） _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Although he had shown off before, he still failed the interview because he was ignorant of the company culture. 【解析】 【详解】考查连词、短语和时态。表示“虽然”用连词 although；表示“表现出挑”可使用短语 show off，根据语境可知“表现出挑”发生在“没通过面试”之前，因句子表示的是过去发生的动作，谓语动词使用的是一般过去时，所以“表现出挑”应用过去完成时，即 had shown off；表示“对…… 一无所知”短语为 be ignorant of；表示“没通过面试”使用短语 fail the interview，这里使用一般过去时。故翻译为 Although he had shown off before, he still failed the interview because he was ignorant of the company culture. 54. 现代互联网技术的发展越先进，人们在现实生活中的人际关系可能就会越疏远。（likely）（汉译英） 【答案】The more advanced our Internet technology is, the more distant our real life relationships are likely to be. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型。句子是说明一个事实，应用一般现在时，“越……，就越……”用固定句型“the+比较级（+主语+谓语），the+比较级（+主语+谓语）”表达，“先进的”用形容词advanced，其比较级是more advanced，“互联网技术”译为Internet technology，是不可数名词，be动词用is，“疏远”使用形容词distant，其比较级是more distant，“现实生活中的人际关系”译为our real life relationships，“可能做某事”使用固定短语be likely to do，主语relationships是名词复数，be动词用are，结合其他汉语提示，故本句可译为：The more advanced our Internet technology is, the more distant our real life relationships are likely to be. 55. 让公众大为震惊的是，原本用来运输汽油的车却被用来运输食用油，这又一次引发了公众对国内食品安全的担忧。(intend) （汉译英） _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】To the great shock of the public, the tank truck originally intended for transporting gasoline was used to carry edible oil, which once again aroused public concerns about domestic food safety. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语和定语从句。表示“让某人大为震惊”短语为to the great shock of sb.，表示“公众”应用the public；主语“the public”为the tank truck；表示“原本用来运输汽油”翻译为originally intended for transporting gasoline，为过去分词作定语；表示“被用来”短语为be used to do sth.；表示“运输”用动词carry；表示“食用油”短语为edible oil；后跟which引导的非限制性定语从句，表示“又一次”短语为once again；表示“引发”应用动词arouse；表示“公众对国内食品安全的担忧”翻译为public concerns about domestic food safety。发生在过去用一般过去时。故翻译为To the great shock of the public, the tank truck originally intended for transporting gasoline was used to carry edible oil, which once again aroused public concerns about domestic food safety. VI. Guided writing 56. 明启中学微信公众号(WeChat official account)“我在明启”发布已有一年多，然而师生和社会关注度一直没有显著提升。负责人李雷老师现正在向同学们征集意见和建议，请给李老师写一封邮件，邮件中需包括： 1. 公众号热度不高的原因； 2. 解决的措施和建议。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Mr. Li, I’ve noticed that our school’s WeChat official account, “I’m at Mingqi,” hasn’t gained much attention since its launch. I believe the main reason is limited engaging content and insufficient promotion. To enhance its popularity, we could publish more interactive and informative articles related to school events, student achievements, and educational resources. Additionally, organizing contests or surveys via the account could boost student engagement. Promoting the account through school announcements and social media platforms would also be beneficial. I hope these suggestions help improve our account’s visibility and engagement. Hope these ideas help! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于建议信。要求考生针对明启中学微信公众号“我在明启”关注度不高的问题，给出自己的分析和建议。 【详解】词汇积累 发布：launch → release 关注：attention → focus/concern 提升：enhance → improve/boost 建议：suggestion → proposal/advice 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：To enhance its popularity, we could publish more interactive and informative articles related to school events, student achievements, and educational resources.  拓展句：To enhance its popularity, we could publish more interactive and informative articles which are related to school events, student achievements, and educational resources.  【点睛】[高分句型1] To enhance its popularity, we could publish more interactive and informative articles related to school events, student achievements, and educational resources. (运用了不定式作目的状语和过去分词作后置定语) [高分句型2] Additionally, organizing contests or surveys via the account could boost student engagement. (运用了动名词作主语) [高分句型3] I hope these suggestions help improve our account’s visibility and engagement. (运用了省略连词that的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024学年上师闵分高三上英语月考1 I. Listening comprehension 1. A. At a grocery store. B. At a florist’s stand. C. At a bank counter. D. At an electronic shop. 2. A. Sign up for a fitness class. B. Shop for fitness equipment. C. Have a fitness test. D. Watch a fitness video. 3. A. Pay the ticket right away. B. Challenge the ticket. C. Ignore the ticket. D. Apologize to the parking officer. 4. A. She is available on Saturday. B. She will cancel her dentist appointment. C. She can not cover the man’s shift. D. She forgot about the shift. 5. A. The woman had better give him an extension on the deadline. B. The woman had better draft the proposal by herself. C. The woman had better approve the proposal. D. The woman had better give insights on the budget section. 6. A. She doesn’t like animals from the shelter. B. She prefers buying pets from breeders. C. She thinks adopting a pet is a bad idea. D. She supports the idea of adopting a pet. 7. A. Either of them is an experienced chef. B. Both of them have experienced failures in the kitchen. C. Neither of them are fond of cooking. D. Both of them are concerned about the new recipe. 8. A. Bungee jumping is safe. B Bungee jumping is thrilling. C. Bungee jumping might have risks. D. Bungee jumping is sure to be regrettable. 9. A. The man should borrow the book several days later. B. The woman urgently needs the book back. C. The man does not need to return the book quickly. D. The woman is unwilling to lend the man the book. 10. A. The woman’s parents will not appreciate a surprise party. B. The woman should prioritize her parents’ preferences for the party. C. The man dislikes the idea of a surprise party. D. The woman should plan a party based on her own preferences. Section B Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following speech. 11. A. A pupil in need of help. B. A person promising to donate money. C. A member from a charity. D. A teacher in the Semira Region. 12. A.10%. B.35%. C.50%. D.65%. 13. A. To train teachers for the disabled. B. To help a pupil with special needs. C. To pay for a walking holiday. D. To organize a charity club for the disabled. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. To distract other students from doing well. B. To impress his friends with the shining ring. C. To improve his chances in the exam. D. To honor his grandfather by wearing a ring. 15. A. By having enough time for breaks. B. By breaking down learning into portions. C. By informing teachers of the study habits. D. By wearing lucky objects. 16. A. Start revision ahead of time. B. Reward oneself during revision. C. Consider different learning styles. D. Stay up late for the exam. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. To inquire about travel recommendations. B. To discuss cultural festivals in Southeast Asia. C. To plan a solo travel adventure to Thailand. D. To learn about Mr. Patel’s travel experiences. 18. A. Europe and Africa. B. Thailand and Vietnam. C. South America and Australia. D. Japan and China. 19. A. Solely cultural exploration. B. Primarily outdoor adventures. C. A mix of cultural and outdoor experiences. D. Luxurious and private accommodations. 20. A. It is ideal for meeting fellow travelers. B. It offers exclusive travel experiences. C. It is a more comfortable and secure stay. D. It offers authentic cultural immersion. II. Grammar and vocabulary Section A 语法填空 Documentary Shares Moving Story of POWs’ Rescue As the documentary The Sinking of Lisbon Maru ended in the British Film Institute’s Southbank theater in London, England on Tuesday, long-lasting applause erupted, and tears welled up in the eyes of many in the audience. The Lisbon Maru was ____1____ armed Japanese cargo ship that participated in World WarII, and the documentary told the lesser- known story of hardship, horror, tragedy, and courage____2____ surrounded its sinking while transporting more than 1,800 British prisoners of war, or POWs, from Hong Kong toward Japan. The sinking by a US submarine happened ____3____ the vessel did not bear a sign indicating it was carrying POWs, who were battened (封住底舱) down below deck at the time and who were left to drown by the Japanese soldiers on the ship. When the Lisbon Maru went down off the coast of East China’s Zhejiang province on Oct 2, 1942, local Chinese fishermen ____4____( spring) into action, pulling 384 POWs from the water.____5____800 went down with the ship. Fang Li,____6____ produced the documentary, said: “It’s an untold history. We see the bravery of our Chinese fishermen. We hear heart- breaking stories of individual British families, one after another. And we are angered by Japan’s attempt ____7____(cover) up the brutal crime.” Wearing a T-shirt with the coordinates (坐标) 122°45’31.14”E, 30°13’44.42”N, which are those of the ____8____(sink) Lisbon Maru, Fang said he first heard about the incident from a ferry captain while shooting another film in 2013. Moved by the story, Fang surveyed the area in 2016 and,____9____ sonar detectors installed on drones, located the wreck. In the following years, he and his team contacted more than 380 relatives of the POWs and interviewed 120 of them,____10____( include) the only two British survivors still alive at the time. “While I was doing this, I was totally touched by those young boys, the age of my son. So many of them lost their lives there,” he told the BBC in 2018 after posting adverts in British newspapers seeking descendants of the POWs. Section B 选词填空 A. quickly B. analyze C. programmed D. adoption E. drawbacks F. run G. dramatic H. transform I. distracted J. peacefully K. prospect Imagine an urban neighborhood where most of the cars are self-driving. What would it be like to be a pedestrian? Actually, pretty good. In fact, pedestrians might end up with the ____11____ of the place. In a new study published in the Journal of Planning Education and Research, Millard-Ball looks at the ____12____ of urban areas where a majority of vehicles are “autonomous” or self- driving. It’s a phenomenon that’s not as far off as one might think. “Autonomous vehicles have the potential to ____13____ travel behavior,” Millard-Ball says. He uses game theory to ____14____ the interaction between pedestrians and self-driving vehicles, with a focus on yielding(让行) at crosswalks. Because autonomous vehicles are designed to avoid risks, Millard-Ball’s model thinks autonomous vehicles may bring about a shift towards pedestrian-oriented urban neighborhoods. However, Millard-Ball also finds that the ____15____ of autonomous vehicles may be influenced by their strategic disadvantage that slows them down in urban traffic. “Pedestrians routinely play the game of chicken,” Millard-Ball writes. Crossing the street, even at a marked crosswalk without a traffic signal, requires a probability calculation: what are the odds of survival? The benefit of crossing the street ____16____, instead of waiting for a gap in traffic, is traded off against the probability of injury or even death. Pedestrians know that drivers are not interested in running them down-usually. But there is the chance a driver may be ___17___ or drunk. Self-driving cars are ____18____ to obey the rules of the road, including waiting for pedestrians to cross. They could provide the most ____19____ transformation in urban transportation systems. Parking, street design, and transportation service networks are likely to be revolutionized. In his latest study, Millard-Ball suggests that the potential benefits of self-driving cars—avoiding boredom of traffic and traffic accidents-may be outweighed by the _____20_____ of an always play-it-safe vehicle that slows traffic for everybody. “From the point of view of a passenger in an automated car, it would be like driving down a street filled with unaccompanied five-year-old children,” Millard- Ball writes. Alternatively, planners could seize the opportunity to create more pedestrian- oriented streets. Autonomous vehicles could start a new era of pedestrian domination. II. Reading Comprehensions Section A Why some brilliant ideas get overlooked? In 1928, Karl Jansky, a young radio engineer at Bell Telephone Laboratories, began researching static interference that might obscure voice transmissions. Five years later, after building a large rotating antenna (天线) and investigating every possibility he could think of, he published his remarkable ____21____: some of the static was coming from the Milky Way. Jansky’s theory was eye-catching enough to be published in The New York Times but scientists were ____22____. Radio signals from outer space? Surely they were too weak to detect. Jansky’s ideas were largely ____23____ for about a decade. He died at the age of 44. Thankfully, he lived long enough to see his ideas blossom into field of radio astronomy. Jansky’s story resonates with us: we all like the idea of the researcher who is so far ahead of their ____24____ that it takes years for the rest of the world to catch up. Gregor Mendel’s research into plant genetics is a famous example — published in 1866, it was only verified and taken seriously in 1900. The stories of Jansky and Mendel hold out some hope to anyone who feels that the world has not quite ____25____ their brilliance. There is even a name for such cases, coined by Anthony van Raan of Leiden University: “Sleeping Beauties”, scientific papers that receive almost no citations for years, before finding wide ____26____. (Some scholars argue that the term is sexist and prefer “delayed recognition”.) So what is it about an idea that delays recognition? One view is that brilliant ideas are overlooked when delivered by obscure messengers. Jansky and Mendel were somewhat detached from (离开) the scientific ____27____. In 1970, the sociologist Stephen Cole published an analysis arguing that the obstacle tended to lie in the ____28____ of the idea itself, rather than the prestige of the scientist behind it. Ideas fell asleep for a hundred years because they were radical, or confusing, or both. It is difficult to be sure. Two scholars of the field, Eugene Garfield and Wolfgand Glanzel, have argued that such ____29____ of delayed recognition are so rare as to be hard to analyse. Studying papers published in 1980 from the vantage (优势) point of 2004, they looked for articles that were barely cited for five years, then subsequently ____30____. They found just 60 examples in 450,000 cases. There are plenty of examples of research that is barely cited; what is rare is their subsequent popularity. Why, then, is this myth such a compelling one? One explanation, of course, is that we all love a story of the underdog (黑马) who triumphs against ____31____. Immediate and sustained success is as boring as immediate and sustained failure. Another is that scientists themselves are fond of the thought that their ideas are ____32____. In an essay on delayed recognition, Garfield notes mildly that one historian of science, Derek Price, believed one of his own papers was suffering delayed recognition. It is easy to chuckle, but it is also easy to empathise. Delayed recognition is rare. Much more ____33____ is for people simply to reach their prime late in life. David Galenson is an economist who studies the creative output of musicians, artists, directors and others. Galenson has found that while it is quite possible to ____34____ as a radical young conceptual artist, there are many examples of “old masters” whose later works are more admired than their youthful ones. We all need to be able to hold on to the idea that the best is yet to come. But it is too tempting to hope that what we have already produced will, one day, be recognized for its brilliance. Good things do not come to those who wait, if ____35____ is all they do. It is wiser to get back to work and make something better. 21. A. conclusion B. device C. invention D. paper 22. A. unreliable B. uncomfortable C. unimpressed D. unsatisfactory 23. A. criticized B. kept C. ignored D. inspected 24. A. mission B. goal C. schedule D. time 25. A. caught up with B. had a good command of C. made good use of D. taken advantage of 26. A. attention B. platform C. space D. vision 27. A. data B. kingdom C. mainstream D. proof 28. A. content B. origin C. popularity D. presence 29. A. examples B. letters C. reports D. supporters 30 A. broke off B. paid off C. switched off D. took off 31. A. the authorities B. the odds C. the opposite D. the wrong 32. A. underappreciated B. underdeveloped C. underequipped D. underperformed 33. A. challenging B. common C. complicated D. difficult 34. A. break through B. get through C. make ends meet D. make sense 35. A. complaining B. socializing C. thinking D. waiting Section B (A) After some blood tests, Dr Stubs stood before me, a tall man, but short on personality and sporting a cold expression. You have systemic lupus. he said matter-of-factly."Lupus, "he continued, "is an auto-immune disease and ….” I remember certain details but mostly I remember him talking about children. “Children are no harm. But childbirth would jumpstart additional symptoms that could be life threatening. You already have two kids anyway.” As I got up to leave, shaken and drained, he said his parting words, “I would discourage any further research. There is no cure and nothing can prevent its progression.” Still, I did research lupus and its symptoms tiredness and joint pain—were both consistent with what I was experiencing. And eventually some major organs could be affected, causing shutdown and possibly death. I studied and found out that echinacea had a record in making immune system stronger. I decided that along with the plant I would strengthen my mindset by immersing myself in my family with my one-year-old son and three-year-old daughter. After another visit, I decided never to go back to Dr. Stubs. How could one endure repeatedly hear desperately words coming from an emotionless mouth even though they were truth? The years passed. When I would feel tired and achy I pulled support from my children and their laughter. Finally, after eight years, I went to Dr. Kirstein who was recommended by a friend. She stood there holding my hand and looking into my eyes warmly. "So, let’s talk a little.” Instantly my defenses were down. Before I knew it, she had me running on and on about my children, my husband, my life and dreams. I told her about all the meaningful activities I was involved in, those things I might have never done without the disease. After several follow-up tests, and greater research into my family history, Dr. Kirstein came to conclusive answer. I did not have systemic lupus. There must be something wrong with the initial tests 8 years before. I didn't know whether I should jump for joy or scream because I had been living the last eight years in fear of a fatal disease. But then I realized that I had been living every day, not so much in fear, but happiness Even day was a gift and I knew it. 36. Dr. Strubs warned the author against having more children because _____. A. The process of giving birth put her life in danger. B. Taking care of children will gradually worsen her disease. C. Her disease will threaten the health of her children. D. She already has enough children. 37. Why did the author stop seeing doctor Strubs after two visits? . A. Because she not qualified to treat her disease. B. Because he recommended Dr.Kirkstein to her. C. Because his cold attitude upset the author. D. Because she suspected his diagnosis about her disease. 38. How did the author deal with the disease? A. She calmly waited for major organs to shut down. B. she took effective medicine regularly to fight the disease. C. She turned to Dr. Kirstein to get cure for the disease D. She tried to strengthen immune system and drew strength from family. 39. Why did the author think every day in the past 8 years was a gift? A. Because systemic lupus was no longer a deadly disease. B. Because she made every day valuable in spite of disease C. Because she received a gift every day from her family D. Because she only occasionally felt pain and tiredness. (B) The data behind the push for a four- day week De- Stress Staff at Perpetual Guardian reported their stress levels decreased from 45 per cent to 38 per cent after a four- day week. 9- New working hours 5 After the Industrial Revolution, our working day decreased THE SLACKERS OF THE G7 According to the Office for National Statistics, the UK’s Gross Domestic Product per hour worked is 15.1 per cent lower than the rest of the G7, ( labelled G7exUK in graph). Pursuit Marketing, based in Glasgow, declared Fridays to be voluntary for all staff in September2016. Following an initial 37 per cent productivity increase, which operations director Lorraine Gray owes to the novelty factor, total productivity settled to almost 30 percent higher than before the change. “I think it works really well here because it’s part of an overall culture of wellbeing,” says Gray.” Everyone is really clear that the focus is on the work- life balance and making sure everyone can be the best version of themselves.” Having less time to complete the same tasks drives staff to work efficiently. “Just shifting to thinking about’ How can I do my work in less time?’ focuses people’s attention on what it is important for them to do. They make slightly more strategic decisions over the actions that are going to result in higher levels of productivity,” explains Prof Paul Redford, an occupational psychologist at the University of the West of England. The 9 to 5, five- day week is a relatively recent invention in the history of human work. It was the result of much campaigning to reduce working hours once the Industrial Revolution had provided technology to vastly improve productivity. The Trades Union Congress (TUC) believes that we should once more take advantage of the rewards of our technological boom, in particular AI and automation, and shorten our working week further. “The Industrial Revolution, with the promotion of factory- based working, shifted the nature of work to this 9 to 5,’ says Redford. “We’re still, in some on productivity. Sometimes the focus on wellbeing is saying that it’s good to have high level of wellbeing because it’s more productive; I think that wellbeing is not a bad aim in and of itself.” 40. What does “the novelty factor”( paragraph 1) refer to? A. Productivity increased by 38%. B. Workers needn’t work on Fridays. C. Pursuit Marketing was based in Glasgow. D. Total productivity settled to almost 30% higher. 41. What conclusion can be drawn from the column of“ The data behind the push for a four- day week”? A. G7exUK in graph refers to the members of the G7 inclusive of the UK. B. The working hours per week decreased greatly in the decade from 1920 to 1930. C. 38% of the staff members at Perpetual Guardian were against the four- day week. D. Workers in Germany were about 35% more productive than those in the UK in 2016. 42. In terms of a four- day work week, which of the following statements is Prof Paul Redford most likely to agree with? A. Everyone can become the best decision maker. B. High productivity can improve workers’ wellbeing. C. Workers may ignore the importance of productivity. D. AI and automation has resulted in a shorter working week. (C) Imagine a world in which your life is filled with intelligent advertisements. Jaron Lanier, who was an adviser on “Minority Report”, asci- fi film, worries that this could be the future. A few platform firms, he fears, will control what consumers see and hear and other companies will have to use some of their profits (by buying ads) to gain access to them. That may sound ridiculous, but it is increasingly what investors are banking on. The total market value of a basket of a dozen American firms that depend on ad revenue, or are designing their strategies around it, has risen by 126% over the past five years. The part of America’s economy that is ad- centric has become systematically important, with a market value that is larger than the banking industry. The huge sums being bet on advertising raise a question: how much of it can America take?A back- of- the- envelope calculation by Schumpeter suggests that stock prices currently imply that American advertising revenues will rise from 1% of GDP today, to as much as 1.8% of GDP by 2027-a massive-mp. Since 1980 the average has been 1.3%, according to Jonathan Barnard of Zenith, a media agency, and in the past few years the advertising market relative to GDP has been shrinking. There are reasons why it might go on points out Bob Norman of Group M, another media agency. In the old days advertisers in Time magazine or on billboards in Times Square were what only giant firms could afford. But tech platforms have done a brilliant job of persuading smaller companies to spend money targeting customers. Adverts could become even more effective at identifying customers and attracting them to spend money, using data that have been gathered to anticipate their needs. As commerce shifts online, firms will cut back on conventional marketing, freeing up budgets to spend more on digital ads. Yet there is a logical limit to the size of the advertising market: the irritation factor or how much consumers can absorb without being put off. The golden rule used to be that ads could comprise no more than 33-50% of TV or radio programming, or of a magazine’s pages, says Rishad Tobacco wala, of Publicis, an advertising firm. The digital world is already showing signs of saturation. More people are using ad- blocking software. Tech brands that avoid bombarding(狂轰滥炸) customers with ads, such as Apple and Netflix, are wildly popular. 43. What can be learned from paragraph 2? A. Some decisions that investors make are ridiculous. B. Investors are optimistic about intelligent advertising. C. The banking industry itself has been shrinking greatly. D. More American firms devote themselves to advertising. 44. According to Bob Norman, why might American advertising revenues account for a larger part of GDP? A. Conventional marketing is losing its appeal. B. Giant firms will spend much more on advertising. C. Advertising will be available to more and more firms. D. Customers are becoming more willing to spend money. 45. By “The digital world is already showing signs of saturation”( paragraph 6), the writer means that________. A. ad- blocking software needs to be used more widely B. customers can hardly skip a website filled with advertisement C. the digital world is not as advanced as commonly thought D. the online advertising market may have reached its limit 46. What is the passage mainly about? A. The limits of intelligent advertising. B. The prospects of intelligent advertising. C. The advantages of intelligent advertising. D. The dominance of intelligent advertising. Section C Full Circle Fashion Autumn’s cooler temperature and beautiful colours never cease to excite me. I love reaching deep into my wardrobe and rediscovering the soft wool items that have served me well for many years. ____47____ Every October, I decide it’s time for it to make its yearly appearance. The loose style allows for lots of layering, so I’m able to wear it now and throughout the colder winter weather. It was a carefully considered purchase, and one I’ve not regretted for a moment. I always find the more time and thought I put into my wardrobe investments, the better they pay off. An item currently under consideration is this one that caught my eye last winter - a recycled cashmere poncho (羊绒斗篷). I’ve tried on this long poncho a few times and a year later, I still love it. ____48____ Also the cashmere itself is superb quality. The flexibility of a long poncho makes it even more irresistible. It would be ideal for a chilly office or aeroplane. It layers perfectly under loose long coat like my orange one. I love how it modernizes a modernizer blouse. It feels like a wise investment for my wardrobe; supporting a business that facilitates sustainable fashion feels like a wise direction of my money. “Circular fashion”, where no longer used items are re- crafted into new clothes (like this poncho) is a new way of consuming that will be with us forever. ____49____ Every aspect of the process ensures tons of clothing do not end up in landfill each year. In general, circular fashion opts for wool, cotton, cashmere, and silk- all of which can be re- used or mixed with new natural fibres. These materials are more expensive, but if they are used in several circular cycles of clothing in the future, they pollute and waste less of our natural resources. ____50____ And innovative circular fashion brands will soon be giving us many more incredible options. A. Making only mindful purchases, and looking for ways to recycle my clothes makes me a better consumer. B. Its modern simplicity really appeals to me. C. Some fibres simply do not recycle and do not de- compose in landfill at the end of their usefulness. D. It switches the make-wear-and- dispose cycle of fashion into a circular one. E. One of my favourites is this burnt orange lightweight, unlined wool coat. F I only wish I’d learned this lesson about shopping a lot sooner than I did! IV. Summary Writing 51. How to make resolutions stick How are those New Year’s resolutions going? If you’re persisting, good for you. Many people do not. Given that the real challenge seems to be not making resolutions, but keeping them, I would like to understand more about that challenge. There is a revealing story at the end of How to Change in which Milkman and her colleague Angela Duckworth discuss the success of a large experiment. This experiment was run with a national gym chain and aimed to get people exercising more. Had it been a success? While the experimental persuasions were demonstrably effective at getting people to go to the gym during the four- week experimental period, they were far less effective at getting people to maintain their gym- going habit. If you hope for persistent results, one possible answer is persistent persuasion. There are other approaches. David Epstein, for example, had been struggling to quit his late- night snacking habit. When moving house, he simply decided that he would leave the old habit in the old house. This approach, he writes, was completely successful. Epstein also made a clear plan, something that is often missing from resolutions. Your resolutions to exercise more? Great! Where and how will you exercise, and when will you do it? It is better to sign up for a particular exercise class than for a generic gym membership, because you’ re forced to be specific about how you will achieve your goal. Another idea that has stuck in my mind is that our actions are influenced both by driving forces and by restraints -the accelerator (加速器) and the brake, if you like. When we want to move, we instinctively stamp harder on the accelerator, but we often get better results from releasing the brake. If you’re thinking of embracing a new resolution, ask yourself, “Why haven’t I been doing this already? What has been stopping me?” Answer those questions, and you might learn something that will help make your new resolution stick. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V. Translation 52. 一到公司，他就被告知由于台风来袭电力中断。(inform) (汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 53. 虽然他之前的表现出挑，但由于对公司文化一无所知，他还是没通过面试。(ignorant) （汉译英） _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 54. 现代互联网技术的发展越先进，人们在现实生活中的人际关系可能就会越疏远。（likely）（汉译英） 55. 让公众大为震惊的是，原本用来运输汽油的车却被用来运输食用油，这又一次引发了公众对国内食品安全的担忧。(intend) （汉译英） _______________________________________________________________________________________________ VI. Guided writing 56. 明启中学微信公众号(WeChat official account)“我在明启”发布已有一年多，然而师生和社会关注度一直没有显著提升。负责人李雷老师现正在向同学们征集意见和建议，请给李老师写一封邮件，邮件中需包括： 1. 公众号热度不高的原因； 2. 解决的措施和建议。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$