精品解析：上海市风华中学2024-2025学年高三上学期9月阶段测试英语试题

上海市风华中学2024学年度第一学期高三年级英语阶段测试 (满分140分 考试时间：120分钟) I. Listening Comprehension Section A 10% Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. She has no appetite at all. B. She wants to dine out. C. She is too tired to go out. D. She prefers to cook at home. 2. A. 6 pounds B. 7 pounds. C. 8 pounds. D. 9 pounds. 3. A. At the professor's office. B. In the bookstore. C. In the library. D. In the laboratory. 4. A. Because something went wrong with his car. B. Because his car was broken in an accident. C. Because he wanted to take a walk for a rest. D. Because he was stuck in a traffic jam. 5. A. The morning flight. B. The afternoon flight. C. The evening flight. D. The midnight flight. 6. A. She is not interested in going camping with him. B. She wants the man to stay at home with her. C. She thinks the man needs to have a good rest. D. She thinks the man should prepare for the exams. 7. A. Some major revisions are needed. B. It should be revised by a tutor. C. Only a few changes should be made. D. The draft needs no revision at all. 8 A. He is going away for a while. B. He worked hard to earn money. C. He did very well in the exam. D. He can't wait to have a rest. 9. A. He forgot to bring his own camera. B. He is not good at taking pictures. C. He cannot take a photo with the camera. D. He doesn't know how to use the camera. 10. A. She was interrupted by a visiting friend. B. She didn't come back until midnight. C. She stayed up late for the final exam. D. She visited her friend instead of studying. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. They can maintain their body temperature stable. B. They conserve enough energy before the long sleep. C. They can keep their heart beat at a regular rate. D. They have their weight increased to the maximum. 12. A. By staying in bidıng places and eating little. B. By seeking extra food and warm shelter. C. By growing thicker hair to stay warm. D. By storing enough food in advance. 13. A To stay safe. B. To save energy. C. To get more food. D. To protect the young. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. Four to six hours. B. Six to nine hours. C. Around eight hours. D. More than eight hours. 15. A. They may not be able to concentrate well. B. They may get the feeling of being drunk. C. They may suffer from high blood pressure. D. They may lose weight easily in a short period of time. 16. A. Military people are used to being deprived of sleep. B. Training can make people sleep less and suffer less. C. People can bank sleep by sleeping more beforehand. D. Sleeping earlier than usual makes people sleep less. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following passage. 17. A. Double Eleven sales in 2021. B. Unreliable factors of online shopping. C. Key points of Taobao's success ı n sales. D. Advantages and disadvantages of online shopping. 18. A. People who are good at doing business. B. People who work seven days a week. C. People who have very busy schedules. D. People who dislike telephone shopping. 19. A. Consumers can save a lot of time. B. It provides round- the- clock service. C. People can buy things without leaving their homes or offices. D. The quality of the product is the same as what is described online. 20. A. Inferior quality. B. Various retailers. C. Efficient sales return. D. Convenient delivery. II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank AI Weather Forecasting Can’t Replace Humans — Yet As Hurricane Lee was curving (呈曲线) northward to the west of Bermuda in mid-September of last year, forecasters were busily consulting weather models and data from hurricane — hunter aircraft to calculate ___1___ the dangerous storm was likely to make landfall (着陆): New England or farther east, in Canada. The sooner the meteorologists (气象学家) could do so, the earlier they could warn those in the path of damaging wind gusts and fierce storm surges. By six days ahead of landfall, it was clear that Lee ___2___ (follow) the eastward path, and warnings were issued, accordingly. But another tool — an experimental AI model called GraphCast —___3___ (call) that outcome accurately three whole days before the forecasters’ traditional models. GraphCast’s prediction is a window into AI’s potential ___4___ (improve) weather forecasts. But whether it is a forecaster of a true sea change in the field or will simply become one of many tools ___5___ human forecasters consult to determine which way the winds will blow is still up in the air. GraphCast, developed by Google DeepMind, is the latest of several AI weather models ___6___ (release) in recent years. Google’s Metnet, first introduced in 2020, is already being used in products such as the company’s “nowcast” in its weather app. All are advertised as having an accuracy that is comparable with or higher than ___7___ on the best non-AI forecasting computer models and have caused a sensation in meteorology, with GraphCast ___8___ (cause) the most significant stir so far. The DeepMind research team had put GraphCast through its paces by feeding it historical weather data to see if it could accurately “predict” what happened. The study showed the AI performed equal to or even better than the gold standard. “___9___ GraphCast becomes probabilistic-- and even if the model’s resolution improves and the AI becomes more accurate in its forecasts of rain and storm intensity - modeling remains just a single component of the weather- prediction pipeline,” says Hendrik Tolman, senior adviser for advanced modeling systems at the NWS. However, every expert described GraphCast and other Al models as additional devices in their tool kit. If AI ____10____ produce accurate forecasts quickly and cheaply, there’s no reason not to begin using it together with existing methods. But will there be a world where AI models replace physics- based models— and people -- in the future? Forecasts suggest there’s little chance. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words or phrases in the box. Each word or phrase can only be used once. Note that there is one word or phrase more than you need. A. desperately B. functional C. green- lighting D. impact E. independence F longstanding G. progressive H reasonably I. reversing J. swallow K. targeted Alzheimer's Drug Approved Despite Fierce Debate The - U. S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recently approved the drug Aduhelm, produced by American biotechnology company Biogen with Japan’s Eisai Co., to treat patients with Alzheimer’s (老年痴呆症) disease. The approval was based on study results showing that the drug seemed “___11___ likely” to benefit Alzheimer’s patients, the FDA said. The decision, which could ___12___ millions of Alzheimer’s patients and their families, has sparked disagreements among medical researchers. While the drug was shown to be effective in slowing the mental decline in patients’ suffering from the disease, it was not proven to be effective in ___13___ its effects, the Associated Press reported. citing a study. The rate of mental decline in patients that had been administered Aduhelm was slowed by 22 percent when compared to patients who had received a placebo (安慰剂). But even given these results, on a test that is conducted to evaluate the cognitive and ___14___ abilities of a patient, patients who were administered Adubelm only showed an increase of 0.39 in their- scores. And it’s unclear how such metrics (度量标准) translate into practical benefits, like greater ___15___ or the ability to recall important details. The FDA’s review of the drug has become a flashpoint in ___16___ debates over standards used to evaluate therapies for hard- to- treat conditions. On one side, groups representing Alzheimer’s patients and their families say any new therapy - even one of small benefit -deserves approval. But many experts warn that ___17___ the drug could set a dangerous example by opening the door to treatments of questionable benefit. Alzheimer’s is an irreversible, ___18___ brain disorder that slowly attacks areas of the brain that are essential to memory, reasoning, communication, and basic daily tasks. In the final stages of the disease, the patients will lose the ability to ___19___. Science doesn’t fully understand what causes Alzheimer’s, but there’s broad agreement that the brain plaque (斑点) that is being ___20___ by Aduhelm is one of the contributing factors. Evidence suggests family history, education, and chronic conditions like heart disease may all play a role. “This is a sign of hope but not the final answer,” said Dr. Richard Hodes, director of the U. S. National Institute on Aging. III. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Some people like to read the instructions from start to finish before they take action while others study the diagrams and then jump right in. This ___21___ for one approach over another when learning new information is not uncommon. Indeed, the notion that people learn in different ways is such a universal belief in American culture that there is a thriving industry dedicated to ___22___ learning styles and training teachers to meet the needs of different learners. Just because a notion is popular, ___23___, doesn’t make it true. A recent review of learning styles found evidence to clearly support the idea that outcomes are ___24___ when instructional techniques align with (匹配) individuals’ learning styles. Most previous investigations on learning styles focused on classroom learning, and assessed whether instructional style ___25___ outcomes for different types of learners. But is the ___26___ really where most of the serious learning occurs? Some might argue that, in this era of flipped classrooms and online course materials, students ___27___ more of the information on their own. That might explain why instructional style in the classroom matters little. It also ___28___ the possibility that learning styles do matter. Perhaps a ___29___ between students’ individual learning styles and their study strategies is the key to ideal outcomes. To explore this ___30___, researchers asked students enrolled in an anatomy class (解剖课) to complete an online learning styles assessment, answer questions about their study strategies and report details about the ___31___ they used outside of class (e. g. flash cards, review of lecture notes, anatomy coloring books). Scores suggested that most students used multiple learning styles, but that no particular style ___32___ better outcomes than another. The focus in this study, however, was not on whether a particular learning style was more ___33___. Despite knowing their own, self-reported learning preferences, nearly 70% of students ___34___ to employ study techniques that supported those preferences. Given the popular belief that learning styles matter, and the fact that many students ___35___ poor academic performance on the lack of a match between their learning style and teachers’ instructional methods, one might expect students to rely on techniques that support their personal learning preferences when working on their own. 21. A. preference B. tendency C. phenomenon D. practice 22. A. identifying B. exposing C. revealing D. establishing 23. A. therefore B. moreover C. however D. instead 24. A. best B. acceptable C. disappointing D. undesirable 25. A. impacted B. challenged C. confirmed D. supported 26. A. network B. classroom C. school D. lecture 27. A. require B. collect C. master D. demand 28. A. limits B. eliminates C. examines D. raises 29. A. comparison B. link C. balance D. match 30. A. issue B. possibility C. field D. proposal 31. A. equipment B. techniques C. notebooks D. assistance 32. A. originated in B. resulted from C. resulted in D. took over 33. A. important B. advantageous C. meaningful D. popular 34. A. failed B. managed C. struggled D. attempted 35. A. count B. concentrate C. blame D. conduct Section B Directions: Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A I was sure that I was to be killed. I became terribly nervous. I fumbled (摸索) in my pockets to see if there were any cigarettes, which had escaped their search. I found one and because of my shaking hands, I could barely get it to my lips. But I had no matches; they had taken those. I looked through the bars at my jailer. He did not make eye contact with me. I called out to him, “Have you got a light?” He looked at me, shrugged and came over to light my cigarette. As he came close and lit the match, his eyes unconsciously locked with mine. At that moment, I smiled. I don’t know why I did that. Perhaps it was nervousness, perhaps it was because, when you get very close, one to another, it is very hard not to smile. In any case, I smiled. In that instant, it was as though a spark jumped across the gap between our two hearts, our two human souls. I know he didn’t want to, but my smile leaped through the bars and generated a smile on his lips, too. He lit my cigarette but stayed near, looking at me directly in the eyes and continuing to smile. I kept smiling at him, now aware of him as a person and not just a jailer. And his looking at me seemed to have a new dimension too. “Do you have kids?” he asked. “Yes, here, here.” I took out my wallet and nervously fumbled for the pictures of my family. He, too, took out the pictures of his family and began to talk about his plans and hopes for them. My eyes filled with tears. I said that I feared that I’d never see my family again, never have the chance to see them grow up. Tears came to his eyes, too. Suddenly, without another word, he unlocked my cell and silently led me out. Out of the jail, quietly and by back routes, out of the town. There, at the edge of town, he released me. And without another word, he turned back toward the town. My life was saved by a smile, yes, the smile- the unaffected, unplanned, natural connection between people. I really believe that if that part of you and that part of me could recognize each other, we wouldn’t be enemies. We couldn’t have hate or envy or fear. 36. The underlined sentence indicates that the author and the jailer started to have a ________ conversation. A. less impersonal B. more intense C. less formal D. more friendly 37. Which is true based on the first paragraph? A. My hands were shaking because of fear. B. The jailer was going to shoot me. C. I smile8 because I had to beg for life. D. He smiled to me because he wanted to. 38. Their eyes were filled with tears because they both ________. A. took out the pictures of their families B. missed their families far away C. had plans and hopes for future D. feared that they would die 39. How does a smile succeed in saving the author’s life? A. By asking for the jailer to light a cigarette. B. By planning for an exchange of family pictures. C. By establishing natural connection between people. D. By hiding the human feelings of hate, envy or fear. B FAQs on preparing your Application Q: Should I target my Application to a specific Job Opening (JO)? A: Yes. Naturally, a customized cover note will also help you focus on the key aspects of your Application that relate to the JO, but it is also in your interest to target the Application according to the responsibilities and competencies of the position. Q: What’s the difference between duties and achievements? A: Duties describe the specific responsibilities of your job. They accurately reflect what you are doing or have done in each of your previous jobs. In other words, it is the “what you do” of your job. Achievements describe in specific terms “how well” you did in your job. Q: Many of my achievements are team-based, how do I draft them in my Application? A: You should include your team-based achievements in your Application. Indicate that you were part of a team, and describe your specific role in reaching the goal. FAQs on general Application guidelines Q: Can I save my Application? A: Yes. You should save your Application when you make changes and/or update it. It is recommended that you save different versions of your Application in Word format and then edit the Application online according to the post for which you are applying. Q: Can I update my Application to apply for a new JO? A: Yes. Each time you apply for a new JO, we recommend that you review your Application and update it, if appropriate, or target it to better reflect your suitability for the new JO. Your updates will not affect the content of Applications previously submitted against other JOs. Q: Must I use up all the available characters in each section of my Application? A: No. In fact, doing so may result in an unnecessary lengthy Application. Unless you have an enormous range of experiences, there is no reason to use up all the space given. Applicants are encouraged to list their duties and achievements in a clear and brief manner. 40. Which of the following descriptions best shows your achievements? A. I’ve developed various interests, ranging from oil painting to designing model. B. I’m good at creating proposals for new product ideas aimed at a specific market. C. I’m in charge of the clearance, production and distribution of information material. D. I succeeded in directing a video presentation, assisting our group to win the first prize. 41. If you want to apply for another JO, you’d better __________. A. target your focus on your interest in the JO B. save your latest application in Word format C. prepare one application with all your competencies D. update your application to match new requirements 42. Applicants are expected to __________ in their applications. A. introduce what JOs they have previously applied to B. list the greatest achievements they have made in detail C. give key information about their experiences and achievements D. provide the results of their tests, assessments and examinations C Atlantis is the legendary island that sank beneath the waves in the distant past, taking down with it an advanced civilization. Is it possible that we will ever find it? Or, more importantly did it even exist? The short answer to both: No. All available evidence indicates that the philosopher Plato, sometime around 360 B. C., invented the island nation to illustrate a point about the dangers of aggressive imperialism (势力扩张). In Plato’s telling, Atlantis was no utopia. Rather, it was a centrist to an idealized version of Athens from long before Plato’s time. This ancient Athens was very similar to Plato’s notion of the ideal state. Plato laid out the details for what such a state would look like in his famous work, The Republic. It should be small and virtuous. The residents of Atlantis, on the other hand, were eventually “filled with an unjust lust for possessions and power,” according to Plato’s character who described the island. In Plato’s texts, Atlantis was “larger than Libya and Asia combined,” (which, in Plato’s time. would have referred to modern- day northern Africa and over half of Turkey). It was situated in the Atlantic Ocean, somewhere outward from the Strait of Gibraltar. It’s a landmass large enough that, if it really existed somewhere underwater in the Atlantic, it would certainly appear on sonar maps of the ocean floor. So how did Atlantis come to represent a lost utopic civilization? For that, you can mostly blame (or thank) Ignatius Donnelly. In 1882, the former U. S. Congressman published Atlantis: The Antediluvian World. The book laid out 13 hypotheses, centered on the idea that Atlantis had truly existed, and indeed represented a place “where early mankind dwelt for ages in peace and happiness. According to Donnelly, Atlantis was the original source of many ancient civilizations around the world. If one followed the clues in Plato’s writing, Donnelly believed, Atlantis could be found. He was inspired by a remarkable discovery in the early 1870s. An amateur archaeologist claimed to have unearthed the legendary city of Troy based on Homer’s The Iliad. If Troy, long thought to be fictional, was real, why shouldn’t Atlantis be, too? Donnelly was certain of his theory, predicting that hard evidence of the sunken city would soon be found, and that museums around the world would one day be filled with artifacts from Atlantis. Yet about 140 years have passed without a trace of evidence. The Atlantis legend has been kept alive, fueled by the public’s imagination and fascination with the idea of a hidden. long-lost utopia. Yet the “lost city of Atlantis was never lost; it is where it always was: in Plato’s books. 43. What can we learn about Plato? A. He predicted that Atlantis would be destroyed by aggressive imperialism. B. He was inspired by utopia to gradually form the notion of the ideal state. C. He created the setting in which residents of Atlantis were not virtuous. D. He witnessed Atlanteans’ pursuit of an unjust lust for possessions and power. 44. Homer’s The Iliad is mentioned ________. A. to demonstrate the actual existence of the legendary city of Troy. B. as indirect evidence of the credibility of Plato’s account of Atlantis. C. because it is a great piece of fictional writing about an ancient legend. D. because it contains many clues about the legendary city of Troy. 45. According to the passage, Atlantis was ________. A. a long-lost small utopia with many virtuous residents. B. a large landmass situated in the Atlantic Ocean. C. the original source of many ancient civilizations. D. Plato’s invention against which to highlight his ideal. 46. Which of the following is the best title for this passage? A. Plato, Atlantis and How the City Collapsed and Finally Got Lost B. Plato Told a Lie, and Ignatius Donnelly was to Blame for It C. The History, Legends, and Evidence of the Lost City of Atlantis D. Where Is the Lost City of Atlantis - and Does It Even Exist? Section C Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Bringing Light to the Darkness with Crisco Art Most paintings are best enjoyed in galleries with good lighting. But an Italian artist who goes by the name Crisco is changing the way we look at paintings with a new approach: glow (发光）－in-the-dark paint. Crisco's paintings are beautiful in normal lighting, but it is when the lights go down that they really come alive. ___47___ His art mostly shows landscapes. Trees, horizons, and especially starry skies come alive with the glow of his paints. At the center of most of his work, there is often a human or animal figure. The figure may be just a shadow surrounded by the glowing colors, but it often appears to be the source of the light. ___48___ Instead, they are all bright pictures of hope, life, wonder, and growth. They are Crisco's way of adding a little light to the world. Crisco's full name is Cristoforo Scorpiniti. ___49___Instead of letting a negative experience get the best of him, he threw himself into a new pursuit: art. According to Crisco, he paints with glowing colors to inspire hope. Though his paintings often show night scenes that look good in the dark, Crisco does not focus on the darkness. Instead, he uses his paintings to express positivity by creating light in the darkness. A lot of his best work has come out of just painting what he felt at the time without any plan or structure. ___50___With over half a million followers on Instagram, Crisco is already popular on social media for his unique paintings. He'll surely only get more famous in the future for his inspiring paintings that beautifully mix darkness and light. A. In addition to painting on canvas, Crisco also paints on musical instruments. B. However, no matter what the scene is, none of the paintings focus on the darkness. C. His paintings take you on an unknown adventure into an unknown space, reminding you to be alert and brave. D. Through the use of glowing paint, he brings a sense of magic and energy to the scenes that he creates. E. Studies have shown that expressing themselves through art can help people with depression and anxiety. F. As a self-taught artist, he found his passion for art at a dark time in his life when he found himself suddenly out of work. IV. Summary Writing 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Are EV Really Environmentally Friendly? Many consumers are opting for an electric vehicle (EV) or plug- in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) to replace their polluting gas- powered cars. These electrified vehicles are rising to popularity on the premise of environmental conservation and eliminating the need for harmful emissions. There are a couple of things. however, to consider before concluding that EVs are the most environmentally friendly option for consumers. Where do electric cars get their energy? Although EVs create no emissions on board, they typically draw power from lithium- ion batteries. These batteries require charging, either at home or via a publicly accessible charging station. Since EV charging infrastructure is mainly reliant on the power grid - specifically, the grid draws power from plants like coal plants - although your EV does not produce any harmful emissions as you drive it, burning fossil fuels is involved in fueling it. Moreover, temperature extremes like excessive coldness or heat can dramatically reduce lithium- ion battery life. Carnegie Mellon University’s Department of Engineering and Technology says that the most extreme cases of coldness will compromise efficiency by as much as 40%. The decreased efficiency is an issue if the power stored in the battery packs of EVs is sourced from fossil fuel- burning. Besides the power source, metal s such as lithium and cobalt are wrapped up in environmentally and socially questionable processes, too. One of the first environmental issues lithium batteries pose is how to dispose of them properly. In an average battery recycling plant, all parts of the battery are shredded into a powder using a mechanical shredder and then either melted or dissolved into acid — recycling lithium batteries isn’t as simple. Lithium batteries are typically made up of a mix of different elements including cobalt, nickel, manganese and iron —cobalt especially known to be a hazardous substance. In addition, most studies associate lithium mining in South America from salt brine with salinization (盐化) of freshwater that the locals need to survive. Since the mineral contains dangerous substances, the mining process also contaminates the local water basins. So, lithium extraction exposes the local ecosystems to poisoning and other related health problems. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 他那种急于求成的心态让他无缘冠军宝座。(cost) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 53. 中国的茶文化历史悠久，“以茶待客”是传统习俗。(serve) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 54. 游乐园改建的效果立竿见影，每天游客络绎不绝。(see) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 55. 背井离乡数十载，当她听到熟悉的乡音时才意识到自己仍然心系故里。(until) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ VI. Guided Writing 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120—150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学高三学生李华。你校计划请学生自己组建社团，你对此很有兴趣。请向学生会写一封申请邮件，内容必须包括： 1) 你计划组建的社团名称； 2) 组建该社团的目的或意义； 3) 该社团准备开展的一项活动。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 上海市风华中学2024学年度第一学期高三年级英语阶段测试 (满分140分 考试时间：120分钟) I. Listening Comprehension Section A 10% Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. She has no appetite at all. B. She wants to dine out. C. She is too tired to go out. D. She prefers to cook at home. 2. A. 6 pounds B. 7 pounds. C. 8 pounds. D. 9 pounds. 3. A. At the professor's office. B. In the bookstore. C. In the library. D. In the laboratory. 4. A. Because something went wrong with his car. B. Because his car was broken in an accident. C. Because he wanted to take a walk for a rest. D. Because he was stuck in a traffic jam. 5. A. The morning flight. B. The afternoon flight. C. The evening flight. D. The midnight flight. 6. A. She is not interested in going camping with him. B. She wants the man to stay at home with her. C. She thinks the man needs to have a good rest. D. She thinks the man should prepare for the exams. 7. A. Some major revisions are needed. B. It should be revised by a tutor. C. Only a few changes should be made. D. The draft needs no revision at all. 8 A. He is going away for a while. B. He worked hard to earn money. C. He did very well in the exam. D. He can't wait to have a rest. 9. A. He forgot to bring his own camera. B. He is not good at taking pictures. C. He cannot take a photo with the camera. D. He doesn't know how to use the camera. 10. A. She was interrupted by a visiting friend. B. She didn't come back until midnight. C. She stayed up late for the final exam. D. She visited her friend instead of studying. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. They can maintain their body temperature stable. B. They conserve enough energy before the long sleep. C. They can keep their heart beat at a regular rate. D. They have their weight increased to the maximum. 12. A. By staying in bidıng places and eating little. B. By seeking extra food and warm shelter. C. By growing thicker hair to stay warm. D. By storing enough food in advance. 13. A To stay safe. B. To save energy. C. To get more food. D. To protect the young. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. Four to six hours. B. Six to nine hours. C. Around eight hours. D. More than eight hours. 15. A. They may not be able to concentrate well. B. They may get the feeling of being drunk. C. They may suffer from high blood pressure. D. They may lose weight easily in a short period of time. 16. A. Military people are used to being deprived of sleep. B. Training can make people sleep less and suffer less. C. People can bank sleep by sleeping more beforehand. D. Sleeping earlier than usual makes people sleep less. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following passage. 17. A. Double Eleven sales in 2021. B. Unreliable factors of online shopping. C. Key points of Taobao's success ı n sales. D. Advantages and disadvantages of online shopping. 18. A. People who are good at doing business. B. People who work seven days a week. C. People who have very busy schedules. D. People who dislike telephone shopping. 19. A. Consumers can save a lot of time. B. It provides round- the- clock service. C. People can buy things without leaving their homes or offices. D. The quality of the product is the same as what is described online. 20. A. Inferior quality. B. Various retailers. C. Efficient sales return. D. Convenient delivery. II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank AI Weather Forecasting Can’t Replace Humans — Yet As Hurricane Lee was curving (呈曲线) northward to the west of Bermuda in mid-September of last year, forecasters were busily consulting weather models and data from hurricane — hunter aircraft to calculate ___1___ the dangerous storm was likely to make landfall (着陆): New England or farther east, in Canada. The sooner the meteorologists (气象学家) could do so, the earlier they could warn those in the path of damaging wind gusts and fierce storm surges. By six days ahead of landfall, it was clear that Lee ___2___ (follow) the eastward path, and warnings were issued, accordingly. But another tool — an experimental AI model called GraphCast —___3___ (call) that outcome accurately three whole days before the forecasters’ traditional models. GraphCast’s prediction is a window into AI’s potential ___4___ (improve) weather forecasts. But whether it is a forecaster of a true sea change in the field or will simply become one of many tools ___5___ human forecasters consult to determine which way the winds will blow is still up in the air. GraphCast, developed by Google DeepMind, is the latest of several AI weather models ___6___ (release) in recent years. Google’s Metnet, first introduced in 2020, is already being used in products such as the company’s “nowcast” in its weather app. All are advertised as having an accuracy that is comparable with or higher than ___7___ on the best non-AI forecasting computer models and have caused a sensation in meteorology, with GraphCast ___8___ (cause) the most significant stir so far. The DeepMind research team had put GraphCast through its paces by feeding it historical weather data to see if it could accurately “predict” what happened. The study showed the AI performed equal to or even better than the gold standard. “___9___ GraphCast becomes probabilistic-- and even if the model’s resolution improves and the AI becomes more accurate in its forecasts of rain and storm intensity - modeling remains just a single component of the weather- prediction pipeline,” says Hendrik Tolman, senior adviser for advanced modeling systems at the NWS. However, every expert described GraphCast and other Al models as additional devices in their tool kit. If AI ____10____ produce accurate forecasts quickly and cheaply, there’s no reason not to begin using it together with existing methods. But will there be a world where AI models replace physics- based models— and people -- in the future? Forecasts suggest there’s little chance. 【答案】1. where 2. would follow 3. had called 4. to improve 5. that##which 6. released 7. that 8. causing 9. Yet 10. can 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个新的人工智能天气预报系统GraphCast，但是人工智能天气预报还不能取代人类。 【1题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：去年9月中旬，当飓风“李”在西百慕大群岛附近向北偏转时，预报员正忙着参考气象模型以及飓风猎人飞机收集的数据，以计算这场危险的风暴可能登陆的地点：是新英格兰，还是更东边的加拿大。动词后是宾语从句，根据“New England or farther east, in Canada”，可知，计算飓风“李”在哪里登陆，用连接副词where引导宾语从句。故填where。 【2题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：在飓风登陆前六天，已经很清楚“李”飓风将沿东向路径行进，因此发布了相应警告。根据“forecasters were busily consulting weather models and data from hurricane- hunter aircraft to calculate”可知，预测飓风“李”将会行进的路线，描述过去将要发生的事情用过去将来时‌。故填would follow。 【3题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：但另一种工具——一个名为GraphCast的实验性人工智能模型——在预报员的传统模型之前整整三天就准确预测出了这一结果。根据“three whole days before”可知，描述过去之前发生的事情用过去完成时。故填had called。 【4题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：GraphCast的预测让我们看到了人工智能在提高天气预报准确性方面的潜力。名词potential后用动词不定式作定语，故填to improve。故填to improve。 【5题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：但是，它究竟是该领域真正的海洋变化预测器，还是仅仅成为人类预报员用来确定风向的众多工具之一，目前还不得而知。空处引导定语从句，先行词是tools，that或which引导定语从句，在定语从句中作宾语。故填that/which。 【6题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：由谷歌DeepMind开发的GraphCast是近年来发布的几个人工智能天气模型中的最新一个。release和谓语is之间没有连词，是非谓语动词，GraphCast和release是被动关系，用过去分词作定语。故填released。 【7题详解】 考查代词。句意：所有这些都被宣传为具有与最好的非人工智能预测计算机模型相当或更高的准确性，并在气象学领域引起了轰动，其中GraphCast引起了迄今为止最重大的轰动。that指代前文的accuracy，对比AI模型与非AI模型的准确度。故填that。 【8题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：所有这些都被宣传为具有与最好的非人工智能预测计算机模型相当或更高的准确性，并在气象学领域引起了轰动，其中GraphCast引起了迄今为止最重大的轰动。with的复合结构，宾语GraphCast 和宾补cause是主动关系，用现在分词。故填causing。 【9题详解】 考查连词。句意：然而，美国国家气象局高级建模系统高级顾问亨德里克·托尔曼(Hendrik Tolman)说，GraphCast变得很有概率性——即使模型的分辨率提高了，人工智能在预测降雨和风暴强度方面变得更加准确——建模仍然只是天气预测管道的一个组成部分。根据上文“The study showed the AI performed equal to or even better than the gold standard.（研究表明，人工智能的表现与黄金标准相当，甚至更好。）”可知，前面表示赞同，而后者表示否定，前后是转折关系，用连词yet，位于句首首字母大写。故填Yet。 【10题详解】 考查情态动词。句意：如果人工智能能够快速而廉价地做出准确的预测，那么就没有理由不开始将其与现有方法结合使用。根据空后动词原形可知，前面填情态动词can。故填can。 Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words or phrases in the box. Each word or phrase can only be used once. Note that there is one word or phrase more than you need. A. desperately B. functional C. green- lighting D. impact E. independence F longstanding G. progressive H reasonably I. reversing J. swallow K. targeted Alzheimer's Drug Approved Despite Fierce Debate The - U. S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recently approved the drug Aduhelm, produced by American biotechnology company Biogen with Japan’s Eisai Co., to treat patients with Alzheimer’s (老年痴呆症) disease. The approval was based on study results showing that the drug seemed “___11___ likely” to benefit Alzheimer’s patients, the FDA said. The decision, which could ___12___ millions of Alzheimer’s patients and their families, has sparked disagreements among medical researchers. While the drug was shown to be effective in slowing the mental decline in patients’ suffering from the disease, it was not proven to be effective in ___13___ its effects, the Associated Press reported. citing a study. The rate of mental decline in patients that had been administered Aduhelm was slowed by 22 percent when compared to patients who had received a placebo (安慰剂). But even given these results, on a test that is conducted to evaluate the cognitive and ___14___ abilities of a patient, patients who were administered Adubelm only showed an increase of 0.39 in their- scores. And it’s unclear how such metrics (度量标准) translate into practical benefits, like greater ___15___ or the ability to recall important details. The FDA’s review of the drug has become a flashpoint in ___16___ debates over standards used to evaluate therapies for hard- to- treat conditions. On one side, groups representing Alzheimer’s patients and their families say any new therapy - even one of small benefit -deserves approval. But many experts warn that ___17___ the drug could set a dangerous example by opening the door to treatments of questionable benefit. Alzheimer’s is an irreversible, ___18___ brain disorder that slowly attacks areas of the brain that are essential to memory, reasoning, communication, and basic daily tasks. In the final stages of the disease, the patients will lose the ability to ___19___. Science doesn’t fully understand what causes Alzheimer’s, but there’s broad agreement that the brain plaque (斑点) that is being ___20___ by Aduhelm is one of the contributing factors. Evidence suggests family history, education, and chronic conditions like heart disease may all play a role. “This is a sign of hope but not the final answer,” said Dr. Richard Hodes, director of the U. S. National Institute on Aging. 【答案】11. H 12. D 13. I 14. B 15. E 16. F 17. C 18. G 19. J 20. K 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讨论了FDA批准阿杜赫姆药物的决定，以及对于其疗效和评估标准的争议，重点在于其潜在的利弊。 【11题详解】 考查副词。句意：美国食品药品监督管理局表示，该批准是基于研究结果，表明该药物似乎“相当有可能”使阿尔茨海默氏症患者受益。空处需要副词修饰形容词likely。reasonably“合理地”符合语境。reasonably likely“相当有可能”。故选H。 【12题详解】 考查动词。句意：这一决定可能会对数百万阿尔茨海默氏症患者及其家庭产生影响，已在医学研究人员中引发了分歧。根据空前的could可知，空处需要动词作定语从句的谓语动词。impact为动词“影响”，符合语境。空处需要动词原形，表示“决定影响了数百万老年痴呆症患者及其家庭”。故选D。 【13题详解】 考查动词。句意：据美联社援引的一项研究显示，虽然该药物被证明能有效减缓患者精神衰退的速度，但并未证明能有效逆转其影响。空前的in以及空后的its effects可知，空处需要动名词形式作宾语。reverse“彻底转变”符合语境。故选I。 【14题详解】 空处形容词。句意：但在一项用于评估患者认知和机能能力的测试中，服用Aduhelm的患者得分仅提高了0.39分。空处需要形容词和空前的cognitive并列作定语，修饰后面的名词。functional“功能性的，机能的”，符合语境。故选B。 【15题详解】 考查名词。句意：而且，尚不清楚这些指标如何转化为实际利益，如更大的独立性或回忆重要细节的能力。根据空前的greater可知，空处需要名词作介词like的宾语，independence为名词“独立性”，符合语境，指老人是否能够更多的独立性，或回忆重要细节的能力。故选E。 【16题详解】 考查形容词。句意：美国食品药品监督管理局对该药物的审查已成为长期以来关于评估难治性疾病治疗方法的标准争论的热点。空处需要形容词修饰后面的名词debates，longstanding“长期间的”，符合语境，这是一个长期的争论热点。故选F。 【17题详解】 考查动词。句意：但许多专家警告批准这种药物可能会为疗效可疑的治疗打开大门，从而树立一个危险的榜样。根据句意可知，批准这种药物可能树立一个危险的榜样。green-light为动词“准许某事发生”，符合语境。此处需要动名词作宾语从句的主语。故选C。 【18题详解】 考查形容词。句意：阿尔茨海默氏症是一种不可逆的、进行性的脑部疾病，它缓慢地攻击大脑中对记忆、推理、交流和基本日常任务至关重要的区域。空处需要形容词和irreversible并列修饰后面的名词brain disorder。progressive为形容词“逐步的”，符合语境，表示阿尔茨海默氏症是一种渐进性的脑补疾病。故选G。 【19题详解】 考查动词。句意：在疾病的最后阶段，患者将失去吞咽的能力。the ability to do sth.“做某事的能力”，空需要动词。swallow为动词“吞咽”，符合语境，表示患者将失去吞咽的能力。故选J。 【20题详解】 考查动词。句意：科学尚未完全理解导致阿尔茨海默病的原因，但普遍认为Aduhelm所针对的大脑斑块是其中一个促成因素。根据空前的is being可知，空处需要动词构成现在进行时态的被动语态。target“把……作为攻击目标”，符合语境。be target by“被……瞄准”。此处表示是Aduhelm所针对的大脑斑块是阿尔茨海默氏症的原因。故选K。 III. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Some people like to read the instructions from start to finish before they take action while others study the diagrams and then jump right in. This ___21___ for one approach over another when learning new information is not uncommon. Indeed, the notion that people learn in different ways is such a universal belief in American culture that there is a thriving industry dedicated to ___22___ learning styles and training teachers to meet the needs of different learners. Just because a notion is popular, ___23___, doesn’t make it true. A recent review of learning styles found evidence to clearly support the idea that outcomes are ___24___ when instructional techniques align with (匹配) individuals’ learning styles. Most previous investigations on learning styles focused on classroom learning, and assessed whether instructional style ___25___ outcomes for different types of learners. But is the ___26___ really where most of the serious learning occurs? Some might argue that, in this era of flipped classrooms and online course materials, students ___27___ more of the information on their own. That might explain why instructional style in the classroom matters little. It also ___28___ the possibility that learning styles do matter. Perhaps a ___29___ between students’ individual learning styles and their study strategies is the key to ideal outcomes. To explore this ___30___, researchers asked students enrolled in an anatomy class (解剖课) to complete an online learning styles assessment, answer questions about their study strategies and report details about the ___31___ they used outside of class (e. g. flash cards, review of lecture notes, anatomy coloring books). Scores suggested that most students used multiple learning styles, but that no particular style ___32___ better outcomes than another. The focus in this study, however, was not on whether a particular learning style was more ___33___. Despite knowing their own, self-reported learning preferences, nearly 70% of students ___34___ to employ study techniques that supported those preferences. Given the popular belief that learning styles matter, and the fact that many students ___35___ poor academic performance on the lack of a match between their learning style and teachers’ instructional methods, one might expect students to rely on techniques that support their personal learning preferences when working on their own. 21. A. preference B. tendency C. phenomenon D. practice 22. A. identifying B. exposing C. revealing D. establishing 23. A. therefore B. moreover C. however D. instead 24. A. best B. acceptable C. disappointing D. undesirable 25. A. impacted B. challenged C. confirmed D. supported 26. A. network B. classroom C. school D. lecture 27. A. require B. collect C. master D. demand 28. A. limits B. eliminates C. examines D. raises 29. A. comparison B. link C. balance D. match 30. A. issue B. possibility C. field D. proposal 31. A. equipment B. techniques C. notebooks D. assistance 32. A. originated in B. resulted from C. resulted in D. took over 33. A. important B. advantageous C. meaningful D. popular 34. A. failed B. managed C. struggled D. attempted 35. A. count B. concentrate C. blame D. conduct 【答案】21. A 22. A 23. C 24. A 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. B 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了学习风格对学习效果的影响，以及学生是否会根据自己的学习风格选择相应的学习策略。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在学习新信息时，这种对一个方法优于另一个方法的偏好并不罕见。A. preference偏好；B. tendency趋势；C. phenomenon现象；D. practice实践。根据上文“Some people like to read the instructions from start to finish before they take action while others study the diagrams and then jump right in.”和下文“one approach over another”可知，人们对于学习方法有偏好。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，人们以不同的方式学习的观念在美国文化中是如此普遍，以至于有一个蓬勃发展的行业致力于识别学习风格并培训教师以满足不同学习者的需求。A. identifying识别；B. exposing暴露；C. revealing揭示；D. establishing建立。根据上文“that people learn in different ways is such a universal belief in American culture”和下文“learning styles and training teachers to meet the needs of different learners”可知，人们有不同的方式学习，所以要先识别其学习风格，然后再培训教师以满足不同学习者的需求。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，仅仅因为一个观念流行，并不意味着它就是正确的。A. therefore因此；B. moreover而且；C. however然而；D. instead代替。前后是转折关系，所以用连接副词however表示转折。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最近一项关于学习风格的研究发现，有证据明确支持这样一种观点，即当教学技术与个人的学习风格相匹配时，结果是最好的。A. best最好的；B. acceptable可接受的；C. disappointing令人失望的；D. undesirable不受欢迎的。根据前文可知，美国文化认为人们以不同的方式学习，所以应该识别不同学习风格并培训教师以满足不同学习者的需求，结合上文“A recent review of learning styles found evidence to clearly support the idea”和下文“when instructional techniques align with (匹配) individuals’ learning styles”可推知，新研究是支持这一观点的，发现当教学技术与学习风格相匹配时，结果应该是最好的。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：以前关于学习风格的大多数研究都集中在课堂学习上，并评估教学风格是否对不同类型的学习者的结果产生影响。A. impacted影响；B. challenged挑战；C. confirmed确认；D. supported支持。根据上文“assessed whether instructional style”和下文“outcomes for different types of learners”可知，评估的是教学风格是否对学习结果产生影响。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，课堂真的是大多数严肃学习发生的地方吗？A. network网络；B. classroom教室；C. school学校；D. lecture讲座。根据“Most previous investigations on learning styles focused on classroom learning”可知，先前的调查探讨的是课堂是否是学习发生的主要地方。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一些人可能会主张说，在这个翻转课堂和在线课程材料的时代，学生更多地是自己掌握信息。A. require要求；B. collect收集；C. master掌握；D. demand要求。根据上文“in this era of flipped classrooms and online course materials”和下文“That might explain why instructional style in the classroom matters little.”可知，有人认为在这个新的时代，老师的课堂教学风格已经不重要了，学生需要自己掌握信息。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这也提出了学习风格确实重要的可能性。A. limits限制；B. eliminates消除；C. examines检查；D. raises提出。根据上文“That might explain why instructional style in the classroom matters little.”可知，在新的时代老师的课堂教学风格已经不重要了，所以学习风格重要的可能性被提了出来。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：也许学生个人学习风格和学习策略之间的平衡是理想结果的关键。A. comparison比较；B. link联系；C. balance平衡；D. match匹配。根据下文“between students’ individual learning styles and their study strategies”可知，要找到学生个人学习风格和学习策略之间的平衡。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了探索这种可能性，研究人员要求参加解剖学课程的学生完成一项在线学习风格评估，回答有关他们学习策略的问题，并报告他们在课堂外使用的详细技术（例如，抽认卡，复习讲义，解剖学涂色书）。A. issue问题；B. possibility可能性；C. field领域；D. proposal提议。上文“It also ____ the possibility that learning styles do matter.”提出一种可能性，研究人员要对其进行探究。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. equipment设备；B. techniques技术；C. notebooks笔记本；D. assistance帮助。根据下文“(e. g. flash cards, review of lecture notes, anatomy coloring books)”和“nearly 70% of students ____ to employ study techniques”可知，这是学生们在课堂外使用的技术。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：分数表明，大多数学生使用多种学习风格，但没有一种特定的风格比其他风格产生更好的结果。A. originated in起源于；B. resulted from由……造成；C. resulted in导致，产生；D. took over接管。根据下文“better outcomes than another”可知，调查发现没有一种特定风格产生比其他风格更好的结果。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，这项研究的重点并不是某种特定的学习风格是否更有利。A. important重要的；B. advantageous有利的；C. meaningful有意义的；D. popular受欢迎的。根据上文“better outcomes than another”和“whether a particular learning style was more...”可知，研究的重点看似是“某种特定的学习风格是否更有利”，但并不是。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管他们知道自己的、自我报告的学习偏好，但近70%的学生未能采用支持这些偏好的学习技术。A. failed失败，未能；B. managed管理；C. struggled挣扎；D. attempted尝试。根据上文“Despite knowing their own, self-reported learning preferences”可知，上下文有转换关系，即尽管大多数学生们知道自己的学习偏好，但还是未能采用相应的学习技术。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：鉴于人们普遍认为学习风格很重要，而且许多学生将自己学习成绩差归咎于自己的学习风格与教师的教学方法不匹配，人们可能会期望学生在自学时依赖支持他们个人学习偏好的技术。A. count数数；B. concentrate集中；C. blame责备，归咎于；D. conduct进行。根据上文“many students”和下文“poor academic performance on the lack of a match between their learning style and teachers’ instructional methods”可知，许多学生将自己学习成绩差归咎于自己的学习风格与教师的教学方法不匹配。故选C。 Section B Directions: Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A I was sure that I was to be killed. I became terribly nervous. I fumbled (摸索) in my pockets to see if there were any cigarettes, which had escaped their search. I found one and because of my shaking hands, I could barely get it to my lips. But I had no matches; they had taken those. I looked through the bars at my jailer. He did not make eye contact with me. I called out to him, “Have you got a light?” He looked at me, shrugged and came over to light my cigarette. As he came close and lit the match, his eyes unconsciously locked with mine. At that moment, I smiled. I don’t know why I did that. Perhaps it was nervousness, perhaps it was because, when you get very close, one to another, it is very hard not to smile. In any case, I smiled. In that instant, it was as though a spark jumped across the gap between our two hearts, our two human souls. I know he didn’t want to, but my smile leaped through the bars and generated a smile on his lips, too. He lit my cigarette but stayed near, looking at me directly in the eyes and continuing to smile. I kept smiling at him, now aware of him as a person and not just a jailer. And his looking at me seemed to have a new dimension too. “Do you have kids?” he asked. “Yes, here, here.” I took out my wallet and nervously fumbled for the pictures of my family. He, too, took out the pictures of his family and began to talk about his plans and hopes for them. My eyes filled with tears. I said that I feared that I’d never see my family again, never have the chance to see them grow up. Tears came to his eyes, too. Suddenly, without another word, he unlocked my cell and silently led me out. Out of the jail, quietly and by back routes, out of the town. There, at the edge of town, he released me. And without another word, he turned back toward the town. My life was saved by a smile, yes, the smile- the unaffected, unplanned, natural connection between people. I really believe that if that part of you and that part of me could recognize each other, we wouldn’t be enemies. We couldn’t have hate or envy or fear. 36. The underlined sentence indicates that the author and the jailer started to have a ________ conversation. A. less impersonal B. more intense C. less formal D. more friendly 37. Which is true based on the first paragraph? A. My hands were shaking because of fear. B. The jailer was going to shoot me. C. I smile8 because I had to beg for life. D. He smiled to me because he wanted to. 38. Their eyes were filled with tears because they both ________. A. took out the pictures of their families B. missed their families far away C. had plans and hopes for future D. feared that they would die 39. How does a smile succeed in saving the author’s life? A. By asking for the jailer to light a cigarette. B. By planning for an exchange of family pictures. C. By establishing natural connection between people. D. By hiding the human feelings of hate, envy or fear. 【答案】36. A 37. A 38. B 39. C 【解析】 【导语】本文体裁为记叙文。文章通过一个具体的故事情节，即作者在被囚禁期间与狱卒之间的互动，展现了人性中的善良、理解和同情，以及微笑作为人类情感交流的重要方式所发挥的积极作用。 【36题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第一段中“In any case, I smiled. In that instant, it was as though a spark jumped across the gap between our two hearts, our two human souls. I know he didn’t want to, but my smile leaped through the bars and generated a smile on his lips, too. He lit my cigarette but stayed near, looking at me directly in the eyes and continuing to smile. (无论如何，我笑了。就在那一刻，我们的两颗心，我们两个人类灵魂之间的鸿沟，仿佛有了火花。我知道他不想笑，但我的微笑越过了栅栏，他的嘴唇也露出了微笑。他点燃了我的香烟，但仍待在我身边，直视着我的眼睛，继续微笑着。)”和第二段中“I kept smiling at him, now aware of him as a person and not just a jailer. And his looking at me seemed to have a new dimension too. (我一直对他微笑，现在意识到他是一个人，而不仅仅是一个狱卒。他看我的眼神似乎也有了新的维度。)”可知，作者开始意识到狱卒不仅仅是一个狱卒，而是一个有血有肉的人，他们之间的对话开始变得不那么冷淡，更加有人情味。因此，划线句子表明作者和狱卒开始了一段不那么冷淡的对话。故选A。 【37题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第一段中“I was sure that I was to be killed. I became terribly nervous. I fumbled (摸索) in my pockets to see if there were any cigarettes, which had escaped their search. I found one and because of my shaking hands, I could barely get it to my lips. (我确信我要被杀了。我变得非常紧张。我在口袋里摸了摸，想看看有没有躲过他们搜查的香烟。我找到了一只，但由于我的手在颤抖，我几乎无法把它送到嘴里。)”可知，作者的手在颤抖，是因为害怕。故选A。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第五段中“I took out my wallet and nervously fumbled for the pictures of my family. He, too, took out the pictures of his family and began to talk about his plans and hopes for them. My eyes filled with tears. I said that I feared that I’d never see my family again, never have the chance to see them grow up. Tears came to his eyes, too. (我拿出钱包，紧张地摸索着家里的照片。他也拿出了家人的照片，开始谈论他对他们的计划和希望。我的眼里充满了泪水。我说我害怕再也见不到我的家人，再也没有机会看着他们长大。泪水也涌上了他的眼睛。)”可知，作者和狱卒都因为他们都想念远方的家人而流泪。故选B。 【39题详解】 推理判断题。由文章最后一段“My life was saved by a smile, yes, the smile- the unaffected, unplanned, natural connection between people. I really believe that if that part of you and that part of me could recognize each other, we wouldn’t be enemies. We couldn’t have hate or envy or fear. (一个微笑拯救了我的生命，是的，微笑——人与人之间不受影响的、计划外的、自然的联系。我真的相信如果你和我都能认识彼此，我们就不会是敌人了。我们不可能有仇恨、嫉妒或恐惧。)”可知，微笑之所以救了作者一命，是因为它建立了人与人之间自然的联系。故选C。 B FAQs on preparing your Application Q: Should I target my Application to a specific Job Opening (JO)? A: Yes. Naturally, a customized cover note will also help you focus on the key aspects of your Application that relate to the JO, but it is also in your interest to target the Application according to the responsibilities and competencies of the position. Q: What’s the difference between duties and achievements? A: Duties describe the specific responsibilities of your job. They accurately reflect what you are doing or have done in each of your previous jobs. In other words, it is the “what you do” of your job. Achievements describe in specific terms “how well” you did in your job. Q: Many of my achievements are team-based, how do I draft them in my Application? A: You should include your team-based achievements in your Application. Indicate that you were part of a team, and describe your specific role in reaching the goal. FAQs on general Application guidelines Q: Can I save my Application? A: Yes. You should save your Application when you make changes and/or update it. It is recommended that you save different versions of your Application in Word format and then edit the Application online according to the post for which you are applying. Q: Can I update my Application to apply for a new JO? A: Yes. Each time you apply for a new JO, we recommend that you review your Application and update it, if appropriate, or target it to better reflect your suitability for the new JO. Your updates will not affect the content of Applications previously submitted against other JOs. Q: Must I use up all the available characters in each section of my Application? A: No. In fact, doing so may result in an unnecessary lengthy Application. Unless you have an enormous range of experiences, there is no reason to use up all the space given. Applicants are encouraged to list their duties and achievements in a clear and brief manner. 40. Which of the following descriptions best shows your achievements? A. I’ve developed various interests, ranging from oil painting to designing model. B. I’m good at creating proposals for new product ideas aimed at a specific market. C. I’m in charge of the clearance, production and distribution of information material. D. I succeeded in directing a video presentation, assisting our group to win the first prize. 41. If you want to apply for another JO, you’d better __________. A. target your focus on your interest in the JO B. save your latest application in Word format C. prepare one application with all your competencies D. update your application to match new requirements 42. Applicants are expected to __________ in their applications. A. introduce what JOs they have previously applied to B. list the greatest achievements they have made in detail C. give key information about their experiences and achievements D. provide the results of their tests, assessments and examinations 【答案】40. D 41. D 42. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要列举了一些有关准备申请职位空缺的常见问题。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二个问题的回答“Duties describe the specific responsibilities of your job. They accurately reflect what you are doing or have done in each of your previous jobs. In other words, it is the “what you do” of your job. Achievements describe in specific terms “how well” you did in your job.(职责描述了你工作的具体职责。它们准确地反映了你在以前的每一份工作中正在做的事情或曾经做过的事情。换句话说，它是你工作的“你做什么”。成就用具体的术语来描述你在工作中做得“有多好”)”可知，D选项“我成功导演了一个视频展示，帮助我们小组获得了一等奖”最能说明你的成就。故选D。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Each time you apply for a new JO, we recommend that you review your Application and update it, if appropriate, or target it to better reflect your suitability for the new JO. Your updates will not affect the content of Applications previously submitted against other JOs.(每次申请新的JO时，我们建议你检查并更新你的申请，如果合适的话，或者针对你的申请更好地反映你对新JO的适用性。你的更新不会影响以前针对其他JO提交的申请的内容)”可知，如果你想申请另一个JO，你最好更新你的申请以符合新的要求。故选D。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Unless you have an enormous range of experiences, there is no reason to use up all the space given. Applicants are encouraged to list their duties and achievements in a clear and brief manner.(除非你有丰富的经验，否则没有理由把所有的空间都用完。我们鼓励申请人以简洁明了的方式列出自己的职责和成就)”可知，申请人应在申请中提供有关其经历和成就的关键信息。故选C。 C Atlantis is the legendary island that sank beneath the waves in the distant past, taking down with it an advanced civilization. Is it possible that we will ever find it? Or, more importantly did it even exist? The short answer to both: No. All available evidence indicates that the philosopher Plato, sometime around 360 B. C., invented the island nation to illustrate a point about the dangers of aggressive imperialism (势力扩张). In Plato’s telling, Atlantis was no utopia. Rather, it was a centrist to an idealized version of Athens from long before Plato’s time. This ancient Athens was very similar to Plato’s notion of the ideal state. Plato laid out the details for what such a state would look like in his famous work, The Republic. It should be small and virtuous. The residents of Atlantis, on the other hand, were eventually “filled with an unjust lust for possessions and power,” according to Plato’s character who described the island. In Plato’s texts, Atlantis was “larger than Libya and Asia combined,” (which, in Plato’s time. would have referred to modern- day northern Africa and over half of Turkey). It was situated in the Atlantic Ocean, somewhere outward from the Strait of Gibraltar. It’s a landmass large enough that, if it really existed somewhere underwater in the Atlantic, it would certainly appear on sonar maps of the ocean floor. So how did Atlantis come to represent a lost utopic civilization? For that, you can mostly blame (or thank) Ignatius Donnelly. In 1882, the former U. S. Congressman published Atlantis: The Antediluvian World. The book laid out 13 hypotheses, centered on the idea that Atlantis had truly existed, and indeed represented a place “where early mankind dwelt for ages in peace and happiness. According to Donnelly, Atlantis was the original source of many ancient civilizations around the world. If one followed the clues in Plato’s writing, Donnelly believed, Atlantis could be found. He was inspired by a remarkable discovery in the early 1870s. An amateur archaeologist claimed to have unearthed the legendary city of Troy based on Homer’s The Iliad. If Troy, long thought to be fictional, was real, why shouldn’t Atlantis be, too? Donnelly was certain of his theory, predicting that hard evidence of the sunken city would soon be found, and that museums around the world would one day be filled with artifacts from Atlantis. Yet about 140 years have passed without a trace of evidence. The Atlantis legend has been kept alive, fueled by the public’s imagination and fascination with the idea of a hidden. long-lost utopia. Yet the “lost city of Atlantis was never lost; it is where it always was: in Plato’s books. 43. What can we learn about Plato? A. He predicted that Atlantis would be destroyed by aggressive imperialism. B. He was inspired by utopia to gradually form the notion of the ideal state. C. He created the setting in which residents of Atlantis were not virtuous. D. He witnessed Atlanteans’ pursuit of an unjust lust for possessions and power. 44. Homer’s The Iliad is mentioned ________. A. to demonstrate the actual existence of the legendary city of Troy. B. as indirect evidence of the credibility of Plato’s account of Atlantis. C. because it is a great piece of fictional writing about an ancient legend. D. because it contains many clues about the legendary city of Troy. 45. According to the passage, Atlantis was ________. A. a long-lost small utopia with many virtuous residents. B. a large landmass situated in the Atlantic Ocean. C. the original source of many ancient civilizations. D. Plato’s invention against which to highlight his ideal. 46. Which of the following is the best title for this passage? A. Plato, Atlantis and How the City Collapsed and Finally Got Lost B. Plato Told a Lie, and Ignatius Donnelly was to Blame for It C. The History, Legends, and Evidence of the Lost City of Atlantis D. Where Is the Lost City of Atlantis - and Does It Even Exist? 【答案】43. C 44. B 45. D 46. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了哲学家柏拉图创造的亚特兰蒂斯岛的背景、目的以及后世对亚特兰蒂斯真实存在性的探讨。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“All available evidence indicates that the philosopher Plato, sometime around 360 B.C., invented the island nation to illustrate a point about the dangers of aggressive imperialism (势力扩张).(所有可用的证据表明，大约在公元前 360 年，哲学家柏拉图创造了这个岛国，以说明侵略性帝国主义的危险)”和“The residents of Atlantis, on the other hand, were eventually ‘filled with an unjust lust for possessions and power,’ according to Plato’s character who described the island. (另一方面，根据柏拉图笔下描述该岛的人物所说，亚特兰蒂斯的居民最终“充满了对财产和权力的不公正欲望”)”可知，柏拉图创造了亚特兰蒂斯岛这一背景，并描述了岛上居民的道德并不高尚。故选C项。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“An amateur archaeologist claimed to have unearthed the legendary city of Troy based on Homer’s The Iliad. If Troy, long thought to be fictional, was real, why shouldn’t Atlantis be, too? (一个业余考古学家声称根据荷马的《伊利亚特》发掘出了传说中的特洛伊城。如果长期以来被认为是虚构的特洛伊城是真实的，那么亚特兰蒂斯为什么就不能是真实的呢？)”可知，如果基于文学作品的特洛伊城能找到真实的存在，那么柏拉图描述的亚特兰蒂斯也可能存在，所以文中提到荷马的《伊利亚特》是为了作为柏拉图关于亚特兰蒂斯叙述可信度的间接证据。故选B项。 【45题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“In Plato’s telling, Atlantis was no utopia. Rather, it was a centrist to an idealized version of Athens from long before Plato’s time. This ancient Athens was very similar to Plato’s notion of the ideal state. Plato laid out the details for what such a state would look like in his famous work, The Republic. It should be small and virtuous.(按照柏拉图的说法，亚特兰蒂斯不是乌托邦。相反，它是柏拉图时代之前很久的雅典理想化版本的中间派。这个古老的雅典与柏拉图的理想状态概念非常相似。柏拉图在他的著名著作《理想国》中详细描述了这种状态的样子。它应该是小而善良的)”可知，亚特兰蒂斯是柏拉图为了突出他的理想而创造的。故选D项。 【46题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“Is it possible that we will ever find it? Or, more importantly did it even exist?(我们有可能找到它吗?或者，更重要的是，它真的存在吗?)”和最后一段中“Yet the ‘lost city of Atlantis’ was never lost; it is where it always was: in Plato’s books. (然而，“失落的亚特兰蒂斯城”从未失落；它一直在它一直所在的地方：在柏拉图的书中)”可知，文章主要讲述了哲学家柏拉图创造的亚特兰蒂斯岛的背景、目的以及后世对亚特兰蒂斯真实存在性的探讨。因此，D项“Where Is the Lost City of Atlantis - and Does It Even Exist?(亚特兰蒂斯这个失落的城市在哪里——它甚至存在吗？)”最能概括文章主旨，作为标题最合适。故选D项。 Section C Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Bringing Light to the Darkness with Crisco Art Most paintings are best enjoyed in galleries with good lighting. But an Italian artist who goes by the name Crisco is changing the way we look at paintings with a new approach: glow (发光）－in-the-dark paint. Crisco's paintings are beautiful in normal lighting, but it is when the lights go down that they really come alive. ___47___ His art mostly shows landscapes. Trees, horizons, and especially starry skies come alive with the glow of his paints. At the center of most of his work, there is often a human or animal figure. The figure may be just a shadow surrounded by the glowing colors, but it often appears to be the source of the light. ___48___ Instead, they are all bright pictures of hope, life, wonder, and growth. They are Crisco's way of adding a little light to the world. Crisco's full name is Cristoforo Scorpiniti. ___49___Instead of letting a negative experience get the best of him, he threw himself into a new pursuit: art. According to Crisco, he paints with glowing colors to inspire hope. Though his paintings often show night scenes that look good in the dark, Crisco does not focus on the darkness. Instead, he uses his paintings to express positivity by creating light in the darkness. A lot of his best work has come out of just painting what he felt at the time without any plan or structure. ___50___With over half a million followers on Instagram, Crisco is already popular on social media for his unique paintings. He'll surely only get more famous in the future for his inspiring paintings that beautifully mix darkness and light. A. In addition to painting on canvas, Crisco also paints on musical instruments. B. However, no matter what the scene is, none of the paintings focus on the darkness. C. His paintings take you on an unknown adventure into an unknown space, reminding you to be alert and brave. D. Through the use of glowing paint, he brings a sense of magic and energy to the scenes that he creates. E. Studies have shown that expressing themselves through art can help people with depression and anxiety. F. As a self-taught artist, he found his passion for art at a dark time in his life when he found himself suddenly out of work. 【答案】47. D 48. B 49. F 50. A 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了意大利画家Crisco不同寻常的绘画形式---用发光的颜料来作画，让人们在没有光的情况下，欣赏他的作品。同时文章还解释了为何他会采用这种画法的原因以及这些画所代表的意义，现在这位意大利画家很受欢迎。 【47题详解】 上一句提到“Crisco的画在正常的灯光下很漂亮，但只有当灯光熄灭时，它们才会真正活跃起来。”承接下文，D选项“通过使用发光的颜料，他给他创造的场景带来了魔力和能量”对上一句其补充说明作用。切题。故选D项。 【48题详解】 上一句提到“这个图形可能只是一个被发光的颜色包围的阴影，但它经常看起来是光源”。表示转折，B选项“然而，无论场景是什么，没有一幅画聚焦于黑暗。”切题。故选B项。 【49题详解】 划线后一句提到“他没有让负面的经历占据上风，而是投身于一种新的追求:艺术。”承接下句。F选项“作为一名自学成才的艺术家，他是在人生的黑暗时期发现自己突然失去了对艺术的热爱”中的“对艺术失去了热爱”和后句“负面的经历”相契合。故选F项。 【50题详解】 前句提到“他很多最好的作品都是在没有任何计划或结构的情况下画出他当时的感觉”承接上文。A选项“除了在画布上作画，Crisco还在乐器上作画”。A项的内容和前句表示递进，进一步说明Crisco的创作的不同寻常。切题。故选A项。 IV. Summary Writing 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Are EV Really Environmentally Friendly? Many consumers are opting for an electric vehicle (EV) or plug- in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) to replace their polluting gas- powered cars. These electrified vehicles are rising to popularity on the premise of environmental conservation and eliminating the need for harmful emissions. There are a couple of things. however, to consider before concluding that EVs are the most environmentally friendly option for consumers. Where do electric cars get their energy? Although EVs create no emissions on board, they typically draw power from lithium- ion batteries. These batteries require charging, either at home or via a publicly accessible charging station. Since EV charging infrastructure is mainly reliant on the power grid - specifically, the grid draws power from plants like coal plants - although your EV does not produce any harmful emissions as you drive it, burning fossil fuels is involved in fueling it. Moreover, temperature extremes like excessive coldness or heat can dramatically reduce lithium- ion battery life. Carnegie Mellon University’s Department of Engineering and Technology says that the most extreme cases of coldness will compromise efficiency by as much as 40%. The decreased efficiency is an issue if the power stored in the battery packs of EVs is sourced from fossil fuel- burning. Besides the power source, metal s such as lithium and cobalt are wrapped up in environmentally and socially questionable processes, too. One of the first environmental issues lithium batteries pose is how to dispose of them properly. In an average battery recycling plant, all parts of the battery are shredded into a powder using a mechanical shredder and then either melted or dissolved into acid — recycling lithium batteries isn’t as simple. Lithium batteries are typically made up of a mix of different elements including cobalt, nickel, manganese and iron —cobalt especially known to be a hazardous substance. In addition, most studies associate lithium mining in South America from salt brine with salinization (盐化) of freshwater that the locals need to survive. Since the mineral contains dangerous substances, the mining process also contaminates the local water basins. So, lithium extraction exposes the local ecosystems to poisoning and other related health problems. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】While electric vehicles (EVs) emit no harmful emissions when driven, they depend on lithium-ion batteries that often require power from fossil-fuel-dependent grids. Extreme temperatures affect battery efficiency, and the mining and recycling of lithium and cobalt present significant environmental and social challenges, questioning the overall eco-friendliness of EVs. 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了虽然电动汽车在行驶时不会排放有害排放物，但它们依赖于锂离子电池，而锂离子电池通常需要依赖化石燃料的电网供电。极端温度影响电池效率，锂和钴的开采和回收带来了重大的环境和社会挑战，质疑电动汽车的整体生态友好性。 【详解】1.要点摘录 ①Since EV charging infrastructure is mainly reliant on the power grid - specifically, the grid draws power from plants like coal plants - although your EV does not produce any harmful emissions as you drive it, burning fossil fuels is involved in fueling it. ②Moreover, temperature extremes like excessive coldness or heat can dramatically reduce lithium- ion battery life. ③One of the first environmental issues lithium batteries pose is how to dispose of them properly. ④Since the mineral contains dangerous substances, the mining process also contaminates the local water basins. So, lithium extraction exposes the local ecosystems to poisoning and other related health problems. 2.缜密构思 将第1、2两个要点进行重组，将总结性语句放在文章最后。将3、4两个要点进行整合。 3.遣词造句 While electric vehicles (EVs) emit no harmful emissions when driven, they depend on lithium-ion batteries that often require power from fossil-fuel-dependent grids. 【点睛】【高分句型1】While electric vehicles (EVs) emit no harmful emissions when driven, they depend on lithium-ion batteries that often require power from fossil-fuel-dependent grids.（运用了While引导了让步状语从句、that引导的定语从句） 【高分句型2】Extreme temperatures affect battery efficiency, and the mining and recycling of lithium and cobalt present significant environmental and social challenges, questioning the overall eco-friendliness of EVs.（运用了现在分词questioning作状语） V. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 他那种急于求成的心态让他无缘冠军宝座。(cost) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】His state of desperation for success cost him missing the championship. 【解析】 【详解】考查名词、时态、非谓语动词。表示“状态”用state，表示“为……拼命，为……孤注一掷”用desperation for，表示“成功”用success，表示“他的急于求成的心态”用his state of desperation for success，作主语，句首单词首字母大写，其中。表示“某人因某事而付出了……的代价”用cost sb. doing sth.，本句描述过去的动作和状态，故时态用一般过去时，谓语用过去式。表示“他”用him，作宾语。表示“错过”用miss，用动名词，作宾语。表示“冠军”用championship，作missing的宾语，此处为特指，championship前加the。故翻译为：His state of desperation for success cost him missing the championship. 53. 中国的茶文化历史悠久，“以茶待客”是传统习俗。(serve) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Chinese tea culture has a long history, and serving tea to guests is a traditional custom. 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词和时态。句子是描述一个事实，使用一般现在时，“中国的茶文化”译为Chinese tea culture，作主语，“历史悠久”使用动短语have a long history，主语表示单数意义，谓语动词使用单数；用并列连词and连接两个分句，“以茶待客”使用动词短语serve tea to guests，应用动名词形式作主语，be动词使用is，“传统习俗”译为a traditional custom，故翻译为：Chinese tea culture has a long history, and serving tea to guests is a traditional custom. 54. 游乐园改建的效果立竿见影，每天游客络绎不绝。(see) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The effect of the renovation of the amusement park was seen immediately, and visitors went to the park in a continuous stream every day. 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语、动词时态语态和固定短语。根据提示可知，表示“游乐园改建的效果”应用The effect of the renovation of the amusement park作主语，谓语表示“立竿见影”可用动词see和副词immediately，表示过去发生的事情，所以从句时态应用一般过去时，effect和see是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，谓语也用单数，副词immediately修饰动词作状语。表示“游客”可用 visitors 表示“络绎不绝”可用 介词短语in a continuous stream。前后用and连接，描述过去的事情，谓语用一般过去时，再结合其它汉语意思，故翻译为The effect of the renovation of the amusement park was seen immediately, and visitors went to the park in a continuous stream every day. 55. 背井离乡数十载，当她听到熟悉的乡音时才意识到自己仍然心系故里。(until) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Having been away from home for decades, she didn’t realize until she heard her familiar dialect that she still had a deep attachment to her hometown. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态、非谓语动词、宾语从句、固定句型。表示“她”用she，作主语，位于句首，首字母大写。表示“意识到”用realize，本句描述过去的动作和状态，故时态用一般过去时，表示“直到……为止”用固定句型not...until...，主句谓语用didn’t realize。until引导的时间状语从句中：用she，作主语；表示“听到”用hear，用过去式，作谓语；表示“熟悉的”用形容词familiar，作前置定语，修饰名词“方言”；表示“方言”用dialect，her familiar dialect作heard的宾语。表示“自己仍然心系故里”用宾语从句，从句中：she作主语；表示“有一种深深的依恋”用固定短语have a deep attachment to sth.，本句描述过去的动作和状态，故时态用一般过去时，谓语用过去式；表示“仍然”用still；表示“她的家乡”用her hometown，作to的宾语；从句不缺少成分或含义，用that引导。表示“背井离乡”用be away from home，强调发生在谓语didn’t realize之前，用现在分词的完成结构，作状语；表示“数十载”用for decades。故翻译为Having been away from home for decades, she didn’t realize until she heard her familiar dialect that she still had a deep attachment to her hometown. VI. Guided Writing 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120—150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学高三学生李华。你校计划请学生自己组建社团，你对此很有兴趣。请向学生会写一封申请邮件，内容必须包括： 1) 你计划组建的社团名称； 2) 组建该社团的目的或意义； 3) 该社团准备开展的一项活动。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Dear chairman, I’m interested in our school’s plan to ask students to set up their own clubs. Therefore, I am writing to apply for the establishment of a Chinese Kung Fu Club, which is sure to attract many students who are interested in Chinese Kung Fu. I set up the club with the purpose of serving all the students. The students will benefit a lot from this club. In the first place, the club will organize and arrange a series of activities and courses, which can help students to know, understand and learn Chinese kung Fu. Students can keep fit by performing Kung Fu, during which they can have a chance to appreciate the great charm of Chinese Kung Fu culture. In the second place, out of love for Chinese Kung Fu, students can make more friends, expanding their social circle and improving their social skills. Of course, there will be activities such as the training on how to perform Chinese Kung Fu open and they are free to all new members. I hope you can approve of my application. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给学生会写一封申请信，申请自己计划组建的社团，讲述组建该社团的目的或意义，并介绍相应的活动。 【详解】1.词汇积累 建立：set up→establish 吸引：attract→appeal to 目的：purpose→aim/goal 保持健康：keep fit→keep healthy 2.句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：I set up the club with the purpose of serving all the students. The students will benefit a lot from this club. 拓展句：I set up the club with the purpose of serving all the students, from which the students will benefit a lot. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Therefore, I am writing to apply for the establishment of a Chinese Kung Fu Club, which is sure to attract many students who are interested in Chinese Kung Fu.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句，而且从句中包含who引导的定语从句） 【高分句型2】In the second place, out of love for Chinese Kung Fu, students can make more friends, expanding their social circle and improving their social skills.（运用了现在分词作状语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $